Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Judith / Chapter 12Judith, Chapter 12
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
12:4
The manuscript does not contain this verse.
12:17
The manuscript does not contain this verse.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2753
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-keh-LEW-sen
Translations: commanded, ordered, enjoined
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō), which means to command, order, or enjoin. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject. It is often used when someone in authority gives an instruction or directive.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
G1521
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-ah-gah-GAYN
Translations: to bring in, to lead in, to introduce, to bring into
Notes: This word means to bring or lead someone or something into a place or situation. It describes the action of introducing or ushering something from an outside position to an inside one. It is often used in contexts of entering a house, a city, or a specific state.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΕΙΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The compound verb literally means 'to lead into'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEEN
Translations: her, it, this, that
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, meaning 'her' or 'it' when referring to a feminine noun. It is used in the accusative case, indicating that the feminine noun it refers to is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can also function as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'herself' or 'itself', or as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TITH-eh-toh
Translations: he was putting, he was placing, he was laying, it was being put, it was being placed, it was being laid
Notes: ΕΤΙΘΕΤΟ is a form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), which means 'to put,' 'to place,' or 'to lay.' This specific form indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to describe someone actively putting or placing something, or it can be used in the passive voice to describe something being put or placed by someone else. For example, 'he was putting' or 'it was being placed.'
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to put, place.'
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G694
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-gy-RO-ma-ta
Translations: silver articles, silver plate, silver, money
Notes: This word refers to articles made of silver, such as silverware, silver vessels, or other silver objects. It can also broadly refer to silver as a material or even money, especially in the form of silver coins. It is derived from the word for silver.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΙΟΝ, ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ (ARGYROS), meaning 'silver', and the suffix -ωμα (-oma), which forms nouns indicating the result of an action or a material object.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EH-tax-eh
Translations: he arranged, he commanded, he appointed, he ordered, he ordained
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (to arrange, to order). It means to arrange together, to put in order, to command, or to appoint. It describes an action where someone gives an order or makes an arrangement for something to happen.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ
G2693
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-STROH-sai
Translations: to spread out, to lay down, to cover, to strew
Notes: This word means to spread something out, to lay it down, or to cover a surface. It can refer to spreading out a mat, laying down a bed, or covering a floor. It is often used in the context of preparing a surface or making something ready by spreading items over it.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΣΤΡΩΝΝΥΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3795
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: op-so-poy-EE-mah-ton
Translations: of prepared food, of delicacies, of dishes, of cooked provisions
Notes: This word refers to prepared food, delicacies, or dishes, often implying something cooked or specially prepared. It is used to describe provisions or meals that have been made ready for consumption. In a sentence, it would typically appear in a genitive construction, indicating possession or origin, such as 'from the prepared foods' or 'of the delicacies'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΡΩΜΑΤΩΝ, ΕΔΕΣΜΑΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΨΟΠΟΙΗΜΑ (opsopoiēma) is derived from the verb ὀψοποιέω (opsopoieō), meaning 'to prepare food' or 'to cook'. This verb itself is a compound of ὄψον (opson), meaning 'cooked food' or 'delicacy', and ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-noo
Translations: of wine, of a wine
Notes: This word refers to 'wine', a fermented beverage made from grapes. It is commonly used in ancient texts to denote the drink itself, often in contexts of meals, celebrations, or religious rituals. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'the taste of wine' or 'a jar of wine'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PI-neen
Translations: to drink, drinking
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to drink'. It describes the action of consuming a liquid. It can be used in sentences where the act of drinking is the subject or object, or as a complement to another verb, similar to how 'to drink' is used in English.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Etymology: The word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drink'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said, he spoke, she spoke, it spoke
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone has said in the past. For example, 'he said' or 'she spoke'. It is a common way to introduce direct or indirect speech in a narrative.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G2455
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DEITH
Translations: Judith
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the biblical figure Judith, a heroine in the Old Testament Apocrypha. She is known for her piety and courage in saving her people from an invading army.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Judith is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Jewess' or 'woman of Judea'. It is derived from the Hebrew name Yehudit.
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GOH-mai
Translations: I will eat, I shall eat
Notes: This word is the future tense form of the verb 'to eat'. It indicates an action of eating that will happen in the future. It is often used in contexts where someone states their intention or a future certainty regarding consumption.
Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, their own
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun in the genitive plural. It can be translated as 'of them' or 'their', indicating possession or origin. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'their own' or 'of themselves', referring back to the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΦΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai
Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done
Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.
G4625
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKAN-da-lon
Translations: stumbling block, an offense, a snare, trap, cause of ruin
Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or impediment that causes someone to stumble or fall, either literally or figuratively. It can also mean a snare or trap. In a moral or spiritual sense, it denotes anything that causes someone to sin, fall away from faith, or be led astray.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ
Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to limp' or 'to stumble'. It originally referred to the movable stick or trigger of a trap, which, when touched, caused the trap to spring shut.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.
G0190
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-koh-loo-thee-KOT-ohn
Translations: (of) those who had followed, (of) those who had accompanied, (of) those who had attended
Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine/neuter perfect active participle of the verb 'akoloutheo', meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It refers to a group of people who have completed the action of following or accompanying someone or something. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or relationship, such as 'the belongings of those who had followed' or 'the needs of those who had accompanied'.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΠΟΜΑΙ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G5524
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kho-ray-ghee-THEH-seh-tai
Translations: will be supplied, will be provided, will be furnished, will be given, will be granted
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning "to be supplied" or "to be provided." It refers to the act of something being abundantly furnished or given, often with the sense of a chorus leader providing for the chorus. It is used to describe the provision of resources, support, or entrance.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3676
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ho-lo-FER-nays
Translations: Holofernes
Notes: Holofernes is a proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In ancient texts, particularly the Book of Judith, Holofernes is depicted as the general of the Assyrian army under King Nebuchadnezzar. He is known for his siege of the city of Bethulia and his eventual defeat by Judith.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Holofernes is of Persian origin, likely derived from an Old Persian name. It was adopted into Greek and appears in various ancient texts, most notably the Septuagint and the Book of Judith.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G1627
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-LEE-peh
Translations: may fail, may cease, may come to an end, may vanish, may be wanting, may be deficient
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ekleipo', meaning to fail, cease, or come to an end. Without diacritics, it most commonly represents the 3rd person singular aorist active subjunctive form, indicating a potential or hypothetical action. It can be used in clauses expressing purpose, result, or condition, often translated with 'may' or 'might'.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΠΑΥΩ, ΛΗΓΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'. Thus, it literally means 'to leave out' or 'to leave off', leading to its meaning of failing or ceasing.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tah
Translations: being, existing, things being, those who are, existing ones
Notes: ΟΝΤΑ is the present active participle of the verb ΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be'. It can function as an adjective, describing something that is 'being' or 'existing', or as a substantive, referring to 'those who are' or 'things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative, or Masculine/Feminine Plural Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G4226
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-then
Translations: from where, whence, from what source
Notes: This adverb is used to inquire about the origin, source, or place from which something comes. It can be translated as 'from where' or 'whence'. It is often used in interrogative sentences to ask about the starting point of an action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΙ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the pronominal stem *po- (related to interrogative pronouns) and the suffix -θεν indicating origin or source.
G1627
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-OI-so-meh
Translations: we will carry out, we will bring out, we will lead out, we will bear out
Notes: This word is a future active indicative form of the verb 'ekphero', meaning 'to carry out' or 'to bring forth'. It describes an action of taking something or someone from an inside location to an outside one, or of producing something. It is a compound word formed from 'ek' (out of) and 'phero' (to carry/bear).
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΕΚΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DOO-nye
Translations: to give, to grant, to bestow
Notes: ΔΟΥΝΑΙ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb δίδωμι, meaning 'to give'. It is used to express the action of giving, granting, or bestowing something. As an infinitive, it often functions similarly to 'to give' in English, indicating purpose, result, or as the object of another verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΕΙΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΑΙ
G3664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oh-MOY-ah
Translations: like, similar, resembling, a like thing, similar things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'like', 'similar', or 'resembling'. It is used to describe something that shares characteristics with another thing, often followed by a dative case noun to indicate what it is similar to. For example, 'ΟΜΟΙΑ τῷ θεῷ' would mean 'like God'.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Neuter, Plural, Nominative/Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (for) them, (to) themselves, (for) themselves
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). It can mean 'to them' or 'for them' when referring to a third person plural, or 'to themselves' or 'for themselves' when used reflexively. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, and can apply to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tee
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible
Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: meth
Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with
Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1085
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NOOS
Translations: of race, of kind, of family, of nation, of offspring, of stock
Notes: This word refers to a group of people sharing common ancestry, characteristics, or origin. It can also refer to a species, type, or class of things. It is often used to describe a lineage, a people group, or a category.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ
G5548
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHREE
Translations: anoint, to anoint, to smear, to consecrate
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ΧΡΙΩ (chrio), meaning 'to anoint' or 'to smear'. It refers to the act of applying oil or ointment, often for medicinal purposes, for burial, or for ceremonial consecration, such as anointing a king or priest. In a broader sense, it can imply setting someone apart for a special purpose. The form 'ΧΡΙ' itself is likely an imperative or a truncated form, possibly due to elision or abbreviation in ancient manuscripts, as seen in the example usage where the full forms 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΝ' (anointed one, Christ) and 'ΧΡΙΟΜΕΝΟΙ' (being anointed) appear.
Inflection: Imperative, Aorist, Active, Second Person Singular (anoint!); or a truncated/abbreviated form of a related word like ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (Christos) or ΧΡΙΩ (chrio) itself.
Synonyms: ΑΛΕΙΦΩ
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: meh-SOO-sees
Translations: of the middle, of the midst, of the intervening, of the halfway, of the central
Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the adjective 'μέσος', meaning 'middle' or 'midst'. It is often used to describe something that is in the middle of a period of time or a physical space. For example, 'μέσης νυκτός' means 'in the middle of the night'. It functions adjectivally, modifying a feminine noun in the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΑΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΙΑΜΕΣΟΣ
G3571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOOK-tos
Translations: of night, of a night, night's
Notes: This word refers to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. As a genitive case, it indicates possession, origin, or time, often translated as 'of night' or 'by night'. It is used to specify when an event occurs or to describe something belonging to the night.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΖΟΦΟΣ
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NES-tay
Translations: he stood up, he arose, he rose, he was raised, he appeared
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ANISTHMI, meaning 'to stand up' or 'to rise'. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone or something stood up, arose, or was raised. It can refer to physical rising, rising from the dead, or appearing.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-oh-THEE-neen
Translations: morning, early, a morning, an early
Notes: This word describes something related to the morning or occurring early. It is used to indicate the time of day, specifically the dawn or early hours. For example, it could describe a morning star, a morning sacrifice, or an early event.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΙΝΟΣ, ΟΡΘΡΙΝΟΣ
G5438
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN
Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping
Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.
G0649
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-STEI-len
Translations: sent, sent forth, dispatched
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to send someone or something away, often with a specific purpose, mission, or message. It implies a deliberate act of commissioning or dispatching. It can be used in contexts ranging from sending a person on an errand to sending a divine message or a military force.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G3676
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: oh-loh-FER-nayn
Translations: Holofernes
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Holofernes, the chief general of Nebuchadnezzar, King of the Assyrians, as described in the Book of Judith. It is used as a direct object in sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Holofernes is of Persian origin, likely derived from a name meaning 'glory of the king' or 'king's splendor'. It was a common name among Persian military leaders.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah
Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying
Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ
G2002
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-TAKS-ah-toh
Translations: let him command, let him order, let him give orders
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command' or 'to give orders'. It implies authority and the act of issuing a directive. It is often used in contexts where someone in a position of power or authority issues instructions to others.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ
G1211
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: DAY
Translations: now, indeed, then, already, certainly, truly, come, go to
Notes: This word is an indeclinable particle used to give emphasis, urgency, or to mark a transition in discourse. It can express a sense of 'now' or 'already', or it can be used to urge someone to action, similar to 'come on' or 'go to'. It often adds a sense of immediacy or certainty to a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΓΕ, ΝΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to emphasize or urge.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G1439
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-AH-sai
Translations: to allow, to permit, to let, to suffer, to give up, to let go, to leave, to abandon
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to allow' or 'to permit'. It can also mean 'to let go' or 'to abandon' depending on the context. It describes the act of giving permission or refraining from interference.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ
G1401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOOL
Translations: servant, slave, bondservant, a servant, a slave
Notes: This word refers to a servant or slave, someone who is in a state of subjection or bondage to another. It can describe a literal slave, but often in a religious context, it refers to a devoted servant of God or Christ, emphasizing obedience and submission. It is a masculine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΟΙΚΕΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΟΥΛΟΣ (doulos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a slave or bondservant, someone who is in a state of servitude.
G3588, G3739
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Part of Speech: Article, Pronoun, Numeral
Sounds like: HAY
Translations: the, who, which, what, that, she, a, an, 8
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline. It most commonly represents the feminine nominative singular definite article 'ἡ' (he), meaning 'the' or 'a/an'. It can also represent the feminine nominative singular relative pronoun 'ἥ' (he), meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'. Additionally, 'Η' (eta) can function as the numeral 8 in the Greek numbering system. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for article/pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G4335
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-yoo-KHEEN
Translations: prayer, a prayer
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'prayer' or 'supplication'. It refers to the act of communicating with a deity or a formal address to God. It is used to describe both private and public acts of devotion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΥΧΗ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EL-thayn
Translations: to come, to go, to arrive
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As an infinitive, it expresses the action of coming or going without specifying a subject or a particular tense relative to the main verb in a sentence. It often functions similarly to 'to come' or 'to go' in English, indicating purpose or result.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a very common verb in ancient Greek and its various forms are found throughout Greek literature and the New Testament.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ET-ax-en
Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he appointed, he instructed
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb 'τάσσω' (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. It means 'he/she/it commanded' or 'he/she/it ordered'. It is used to describe someone giving a direct instruction or decree.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soh-mah-toh-FYOO-lak-sin
Translations: (to) bodyguards, (for) bodyguards, (to) guards, (for) guards
Notes: This word refers to a bodyguard or a member of a personal guard. It is a compound word formed from 'σῶμα' (sōma), meaning 'body', and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'guard' or 'keeper'. Thus, it literally means 'body-guard'. It is used to describe individuals whose duty is to protect a person.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΔΟΡΥΦΟΡΟΙ
G1254
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-koh-LOO-ayn
Translations: to hinder, to prevent, to forbid, to restrain
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κωλύω (kōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent'. It means to hinder, prevent, or forbid someone from doing something. It is often used in contexts where an action or process is being stopped or obstructed.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and κωλύω (kōlyō), meaning 'to hinder' or 'to prevent'. The root κωλύω is thought to be related to the idea of cutting off or restraining.
G3887
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-eh-MEH-nen
Translations: remained, abode, continued, stayed
Notes: This word means to remain, abide, or continue in a place or state. It describes the action of staying put or persisting. It is often used to indicate a prolonged presence or a steadfast adherence to something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G3925
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-em-bo-LEE
Translations: camp, an army, a barracks, a fortress, a castle, a camp of Israel, a military camp
Notes: This word refers to a military camp, an encampment, or an army itself. It can also denote a barracks, a fortress, or a castle, particularly in the context of a fortified place where soldiers reside. In the New Testament, it is often used to refer to the Roman barracks in Jerusalem or the camp of Israel in the wilderness.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΟΝ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἐμβολή' (embolē), meaning 'an insertion' or 'a thrusting in'. Together, it refers to a place where something is thrown or placed alongside, hence an encampment or camp.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREES
Translations: three
Notes: ΤΡΕΙΣ is the cardinal number 'three'. It is used to denote a quantity of three units. As a declinable numeral, its form changes according to the gender and case of the noun it modifies. This specific form, ΤΡΕΙΣ, is used for masculine and feminine nouns in the nominative and accusative plural cases.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'three'.
G1607
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-eh-por-YOO-eh-toh
Translations: he was going out, she was going out, it was going out, he went out, she went out, it went out
Notes: This word describes the action of going out, coming forth, or proceeding from a place or source. It is often used to indicate movement away from an origin point, such as a person leaving a house, a sound emanating from a source, or a word coming out of one's mouth. It is an imperfect tense, indicating continuous or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the prefix ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to proceed'. Thus, it literally means 'to go out from'.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOOK-tah
Translations: night, a night, by night, during the night
Notes: This word refers to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. As an accusative form, it often indicates the duration of an action or the time when something occurs, meaning 'during the night' or 'by night'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G5325
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: fah-RANG-gah
Translations: gorge, a gorge, ravine, a ravine, valley, a valley
Notes: This word refers to a deep, narrow valley or a chasm, often with steep sides, such as a ravine or a gorge. It is typically used to describe a natural geographical feature.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΑΡΑΔΡΑ, ΚΟΙΛΑΔΑ
Etymology: The word Φάραγξ (pharagx) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek.
G0961
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-ee-too-LOO-ah
Translations: Bethulia
Notes: This is the name of a city, specifically a fortified city mentioned in the Book of Judith. It is a proper noun and refers to a specific geographical location.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. The form ΒΑΙΤΟΥΛΟΥΑ can function as Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative. In the provided examples, it appears in the Dative case (with 'ἐν') and Accusative case (with 'εἰς'), indicating it can inflect for case.
Etymology: The name Βαιτουλούα (Bethulia) is of Hebrew origin, likely meaning 'house of God' or 'virgin of Yahweh'. It is a compound word derived from Hebrew elements.
G0907
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-BAP-ti-zeh-toh
Translations: he was being baptized, she was being baptized, it was being baptized
Notes: This word describes an action of being immersed or submerged, typically in water, in a continuous or repeated manner in the past. It is the imperfect passive form of the verb 'baptizo', indicating that the subject was undergoing the process of being baptized. It implies an ongoing or repeated action rather than a single completed event.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4077
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pay-GAYS
Translations: of a spring, of a fountain, of a well, of a source
Notes: This word refers to a spring, fountain, or well, which is a natural source of water. It can also metaphorically refer to a source or origin of something. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΗΝΗΣ, ΠΗΓΑΙ
Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to gush forth'.
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-DAH-tos
Translations: of water
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'water'. It refers to the liquid substance essential for life. In a sentence, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as 'of water' or 'belonging to water'. For example, 'a cup of water' or 'the thirst of water'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee
Translations: he went up, she went up, it went up, he ascended, she ascended, it ascended, he came up, she came up, it came up, he climbed, she climbed, it climbed
Notes: This word describes the action of going up, ascending, or climbing. It is a past tense form, specifically indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to describe a person or thing moving upwards, such as ascending a mountain, going up to a city, or rising from a lower place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DEH-eh-toh
Translations: he was begging, he was praying, he was entreating, he was imploring
Notes: ΕΔΕΕΤΟ is an inflected form of the Koine Greek verb ΔΕΟΜΑΙ (deomai), meaning 'to beg, pray, or entreat'. This form describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone 'was begging' or 'was praying'. It is used to express earnest requests or petitions.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ΔΕΟΜΑΙ is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₁- meaning 'to give, distribute'. Its meaning evolved to 'to lack, need', and then 'to ask for, beg'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koo-REE-oo
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΥ (Kyriou), which is the genitive form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It means 'of the Lord' or 'of Lord' and is commonly used to refer to God or Jesus in ancient Greek texts. It indicates possession or origin related to the Lord.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΥ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: IS-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the proper noun Ἰσραήλ (Israel). It refers to the nation of Israel, the descendants of Jacob, or the land of Israel. It is used to denote the people chosen by God.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Hebrew Yisra'el, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'.
G2720
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tef-THOO-nai
Translations: to make straight, to guide, to direct, to lead, to prosper
Notes: This verb means to make something straight, to guide, or to direct. It can also imply leading someone or something in the right direction, or even causing something to prosper. It is often used in contexts of divine guidance or establishing a path.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΔΗΓΕΩ, ΙΘΥΝΩ, ΕΥΘΥΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΥΘΥΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb ΕΥΘΥΝΩ (EUTHUNO), meaning 'to make straight' or 'to guide'.
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ho-DON
Translations: way, a way, road, a road, journey, a journey, path, a path
Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, whether literal or figurative. It can describe a physical route or a course of conduct, a manner of life, or a journey. As an accusative singular noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΑΤΡΑΠΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEES
Translations: of her, of it, her, its
Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'of her' or 'of it', referring to a feminine noun or concept. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to the English 'her' or 'its' when referring to a feminine antecedent. For example, 'the house of her' or 'her house'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0386
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-NAS-tay-mah
Translations: resurrection, a resurrection, rising up, a rising up
Notes: This word refers to the act of rising up or a resurrection. It is used to describe a physical rising from a prone position or, more commonly in a theological context, a rising from the dead.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ANISTEMI (ἀνίστημι), meaning 'to stand up' or 'to raise'. It combines the prefix ANA- (ἀνά), meaning 'up' or 'again', with the root HISTEMI (ἵστημι), meaning 'to stand'.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-ee-OHN
Translations: of sons, of children, of descendants
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΥΙΟΣ' (huios), meaning 'son' or 'child'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of sons' or 'of children'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to descendants or followers, indicating a close association or lineage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lah-OO
Translations: of people, of a people, of nation, of a nation, of crowd, of a crowd
Notes: This word refers to a group of people, a nation, or a crowd. It is often used to describe a specific group of people, such as the people of Israel, or a general populace.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΥΣ, ΔΗΜΟΥ
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eis-por-yoo-OH-men-ay
Translations: entering, going in, coming in, going into, coming into
Notes: This word describes the action of going or coming into a place. It is often used to indicate movement from an outer location to an inner one, or to signify the act of entering a building, a city, or even a state of being. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis, meaning 'into' or 'to') and the verb ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ (poreuomai, meaning 'to go' or 'to proceed').
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: kath
Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning
Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G5532
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHREH-yah-ees
Translations: needs, necessities, uses, services, wants, (to) needs, (to) necessities, (to) uses, (to) services, (to) wants
Notes: This word refers to a need, necessity, or a specific use or service. It can describe something that is required or useful. In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the recipient or circumstance of an action, often translated with "to" or "for" or simply as the plural noun in context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ
G0907
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-GOH-ah
Translations: Bagoas
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a specific individual named Bagoas. In the provided context, Bagoas is a eunuch serving Holofernes. It is used as a name for a person.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine. The form ΒΑΓΩΑΣ is the Genitive case.
Etymology: The name Bagoas is of Persian origin, derived from an Old Persian word meaning 'God-given' or 'gift of God'. It was a common name for eunuchs and high-ranking officials in the Persian Empire.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-NOO-kho
Translations: (to) a eunuch, (to) the eunuch
Notes: This word refers to a eunuch, a castrated man, often employed in ancient courts as an attendant, guardian of the harem, or high official. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'to a eunuch' or 'for a eunuch'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G2186
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: ef-es-TEE-koss
Translations: having stood over, standing by, present, imminent, at hand, having come upon, having arrived
Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb ἐφίστημι (ephistēmi). It describes someone or something that has taken a stand, is present, or is imminent. It can refer to a person who has arrived and is standing by, or to an event that is about to happen or has already come upon someone. It conveys a sense of being positioned over, upon, or near something, often with an implication of readiness or immediate presence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΝ, ΕΓΓΥΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PEY-son
Translations: persuade, obey, trust, believe, yield, convince, prevail upon
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'peithō', meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. In the active voice, it means 'to persuade' or 'to convince' someone. In the passive or middle voice, it means 'to be persuaded', 'to obey', 'to trust', or 'to believe'. It is used to command or urge someone to persuade or to be persuaded.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bheidʰ- meaning 'to persuade, to compel'.
G4198
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: por-yoo-THEYS
Translations: having gone, going, departing, proceeding
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'poreuō', meaning 'to go' or 'to depart'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring. It often indicates the manner or circumstance of the main verb's action, such as 'having gone, he did X' or 'going, he did X'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-NAI-kah
Translations: woman, a woman, wife, a wife
Notes: This word refers to a female human being, an adult woman, or a wife. It is used to denote a woman in general or specifically a married woman in relation to her husband. In the provided examples, it is used in the plural form 'γυναίκας' meaning 'women' or 'wives'.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
G1445
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-bray-AN
Translations: Hebrew, a Hebrew (woman)
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Hebrew' or 'Jewish'. It refers to something or someone associated with the Hebrew people, their language, or their culture. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, describing its origin or identity. In this inflected form, it would typically modify a feminine singular noun in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: pah-RAH
Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GAYN
Translations: to eat, to consume
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is used to express the action of eating in a general sense, often as the object of another verb or as a purpose clause.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The root of this word is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek for the act of consuming food.
G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pee-AY
Translations: to drink, to imbibe, to take a drink
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πίνω' (pinō), meaning 'to drink'. It describes the act of consuming a liquid. In the provided context, it is used to express the purpose of gathering, which is 'to drink water'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
G2400
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Adverb
Sounds like: ee-DOO
Translations: behold, look, see, lo, here is, here are
Notes: This word is an interjection used to draw attention to something, similar to 'behold' or 'look!' in English. It can introduce a new or important statement, often emphasizing what follows. It can also be used to present something, meaning 'here is' or 'here are'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΡΑ, ΒΛΕΠΕ
Etymology: From the aorist imperative of the verb ΟΡΑΩ (HORAO), meaning 'to see'. It functions as an interjection.
G0150
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AIS-khron
Translations: shameful, disgraceful, base, vile, a shameful thing, a disgraceful thing
Notes: This word describes something that is morally reprehensible, disgraceful, or ugly in a moral sense. It is used to characterize actions, behaviors, or things that bring shame or dishonor.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΑΝΗΚΕΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'αἰσχρός' (aiskhros) is derived from 'αἶσχος' (aiskhos), meaning 'shame' or 'disgrace'. It refers to that which causes shame or is associated with it.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-SO-po
Translations: (to) face, (to) presence, (to) person, (to) appearance, (to) countenance, (to) a face, (to) a presence, (to) a person, (to) an appearance, (to) a countenance
Notes: This word refers to the face, countenance, or appearance of a person. It can also be used to denote someone's presence or even the person themselves. In a broader sense, it can refer to the external aspect or surface of something. It is often used in contexts describing interaction or confrontation.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OW-teen
Translations: such, such a, of such a kind
Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective used to describe something of the kind or quality just mentioned or about to be mentioned. It functions similarly to 'this kind of' or 'that kind of'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G3936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EE-so-men
Translations: we will present, we will stand by, we will offer, we will be present
Notes: This word is a verb indicating a future action of presenting, standing by, offering, or being present. It implies an action that will take place, often in a context of bringing someone or something before another, or of being available or ready.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΞΟΜΕΝ, ΠΡΟΣΑΞΟΜΕΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: no, not, never, by no means
Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.
G3656
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ho-mee-LAY-san-tes
Translations: having conversed, having associated, having spoken, having talked, having companied
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'homileō', meaning to be in company with, to associate with, or to converse. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb in the sentence. It implies a past interaction or communication.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'homileō' comes from the Greek 'homilos' (a crowd, assembly) and 'homos' (same) combined with 'ile' (a troop or company). It originally meant 'to be in company with' or 'to associate with', and later developed the meaning 'to converse' or 'to speak'.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1961
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-SPA-so-meh-tha
Translations: let us draw over, let us pull over, let us draw on, let us pull on
Notes: This word describes the action of drawing something over oneself or pulling something on, often implying a covering or a change in state. It is used in contexts where one might 'draw on' a new condition or 'pull over' a garment.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Middle Voice, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΥΡΩ, ΕΠΙΣΠΕΝΔΩ
Etymology: Derived from the prefix ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΣΠΑΩ (SPAO), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull'.
G2691
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-geh-LAH-seh-tai
Translations: will laugh at, will mock, will deride
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and the verb γελάω (gelao, 'to laugh'). It means to laugh at someone or something, often in a scornful or mocking way. It implies derision or ridicule. In the provided form, it is in the future tense, indicating an action that will happen.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word καταγελάω (katagelao) is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb γελάω (gelao), meaning 'to laugh'. The combination intensifies the action of laughing, giving it the sense of laughing down upon or against someone, hence 'to mock' or 'to ridicule'.
G1831
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-EEL-then
Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, went out
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go out', 'to come out', or 'to depart'. It is used to describe someone or something moving from an inside location to an outside one, or from one place to another. It is often used in narratives to indicate a character's movement.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ
G0959
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-GOH-ahs
Translations: Bagoas
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Bagoas, a historical figure, likely a eunuch and general in the Persian Empire. It is used as a name for a specific individual.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Bagoas is of Old Persian origin, derived from 'Bagā' meaning 'God' or 'Lord'. It was a common name among Persian eunuchs and officials.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-SO-poo
Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person
Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.
G3647
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: oh-loh-FER-noo
Translations: of Holofernes
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Holofernes. Holofernes was a general of Nebuchadnezzar, known from the deuterocanonical Book of Judith. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Holofernes' means something belonging to or related to him.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eis-EEL-then
Translations: he entered, she entered, it entered, went in, came in
Notes: This word describes the action of entering or coming into a place. It is often used to indicate movement from an outside location to an inside one, or to signify the beginning of a state or condition. It is a compound word formed from 'EIS' (into) and 'ERCHOMAI' (to come/go).
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to movement.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-peh
Translations: he said, she said, it said, he spoke, she spoke, it spoke
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that someone (he, she, or it) said or spoke something. It is a common verb used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3635
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ok-nee-SAH-toh
Translations: let him hesitate, let him delay, let him shrink back, let him be afraid
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to hesitate, delay, or shrink back from doing something. It implies a reluctance or fear to proceed. It is used to command or urge someone not to hesitate or to allow someone else to hesitate.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΔΙΣΤΑΖΩ, ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ὀκνέω (okneō) is derived from ὄκνος (oknos), meaning 'hesitation' or 'shrinking back'.
G3814
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: py-DEES-kay
Translations: maid, a maid, servant girl, a servant girl, young woman, a young woman, slave girl, a slave girl
Notes: This word refers to a young female servant or slave, often a domestic worker. It can also simply mean a young woman or girl, especially one who is unmarried. It is used to describe a female attendant or a bondservant.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΡΑΠΑΙΝΑ
Etymology: From PAIS (child, servant) and the diminutive suffix -ISKE. It originally referred to a young girl or child, and later came to mean a young female servant or slave.
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ka-LEE
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, excellent, a good one, a beautiful one
Notes: This word describes something as good, beautiful, noble, or excellent in quality, appearance, or character. It can refer to something that is morally upright, aesthetically pleasing, or functionally effective. It is often used to commend or praise.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΗ, ΩΡΑΙΑ, ΕΥΓΕΝΗΣ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: el-THOO-sah
Translations: having come, having gone, having arrived, having entered, having gone forth, having gone out, having come out, having come forth, having come in, having come upon, having gone up
Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, nominative participle derived from the verb 'ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (ERCHOMAI), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates that a female subject has completed the action of coming or going. Its specific meaning can vary depending on the prefix of the compound verb it's derived from (e.g., 'ἐξελθοῦσα' for 'having gone out', 'ἐπελθοῦσα' for 'having come upon').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΟΥΣΑ, ΙΟΥΣΑ
Etymology: The root verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (ERCHOMAI) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON
Translations: Lord, a Lord
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G1392
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dox-as-THEE-nai
Translations: to be glorified, to be honored, to be praised, to be made glorious
Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'δοξάζω' (doxazō), meaning 'to glorify' or 'to honor'. In this passive form, it means 'to be glorified' or 'to be honored'. It describes the action of receiving glory or honor, often from God or by God, and can be used in contexts where someone or something is elevated to a position of esteem or splendor.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΥΨΟΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: of face, of faces, of person, of persons, of presence, of presences, of appearance, of appearances
Notes: This word refers to a face, a person, or a presence. It can also denote the outward appearance or countenance. In some contexts, it can refer to the surface or the front part of something. It is often used to describe the physical aspect of an individual or their outward manifestation.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΕΩΝ, ΜΟΡΦΩΝ
G3788
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: of-thal-MOYS
Translations: to eyes, for eyes, with eyes, by eyes, in eyes
Notes: This word is a noun referring to the physical organ of sight, the eye. In its plural dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the eyes,' 'for the eyes,' or 'with the eyes,' depending on the context. It is commonly used to describe perception, understanding, or the physical act of seeing.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΒΛΕΜΜΑΤΑ
G0000
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-RES-ton
Translations: pleasing, acceptable, agreeable, what is pleasing, what is acceptable
Notes: This word describes something that is pleasing or acceptable, often in the sight of God or people. It indicates that an action, thing, or person is agreeable or satisfactory, meeting a standard of approval.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ
Etymology: Derived from the verb αρέσκω (areskō), meaning 'to please' or 'to be pleasing'.
G4692
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: spev-SAH-sah
Translations: having hurried, having hastened, hurrying, hastening
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having hurried' or 'having hastened'. It describes an action completed in the past relative to the main verb, often indicating the cause or manner of that action. As a feminine singular nominative participle, it typically refers to a female subject performing the action of hurrying or hastening.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EE-soh
Translations: I will do, I will make, I will perform, I will create
Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action that will be carried out in the future. It means 'to do', 'to make', 'to perform', or 'to create'. It is often used to describe the execution of a task, the production of something, or the bringing about of an event.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΩ, ΕΡΓΑΣΟΜΑΙ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tai
Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be
Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AH-gal-mah
Translations: image, statue, idol, a statue, an image, an idol
Notes: This word refers to a statue, an image, or an idol, often one dedicated to a deity or used for worship. It can also refer to something that brings glory or honor. In ancient contexts, it frequently denotes a physical representation, such as a sculpted figure.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ, ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΑΝΔΡΙΑΣ
Etymology: The word "agalma" comes from the Greek verb "agallō" (ἀγάλλω), meaning 'to glorify,' 'to adorn,' or 'to make glorious.' Thus, an agalma is something that brings glory or is glorified, often in the form of a decorative or worshipful object.
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G2288
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAH-nah-TOO
Translations: (of) death, (of) a death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, the cessation of life, or the end of existence. It is often used to describe physical death, but can also refer to spiritual death or separation. In a sentence, it would typically indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of death' or 'delivered from death'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to die'.
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-na-STA-sah
Translations: having risen, having stood up, having arisen, having raised
Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, feminine, nominative singular form of the verb 'anistemi'. It describes an action of rising or standing up that has already occurred, often indicating a change in posture or a resurrection. It is used to describe a female subject who has performed this action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ
G2886
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-kos-MAY-thay
Translations: was adorned, was arranged, was put in order, was decorated, was embellished
Notes: This word describes something being adorned, arranged, or put in order. It implies a process of beautification or organization, often in a passive sense, meaning the subject received the action rather than performing it. It can be used to describe a place being decorated, a person being adorned, or things being set up in a proper sequence.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΛΥΝΩ, ΚΟΜΨΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb ΚΟΣΜΕΩ (kosmeō) comes from the noun ΚΟΣΜΟΣ (kosmos), meaning 'order, good order, ornament, world'. The verb thus means 'to put in order, to arrange, to adorn'.
G2441
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-mah-tees-MOH
Translations: (to) clothing, (to) raiment, (to) apparel, (to) a garment
Notes: This word refers to clothing or raiment, encompassing any kind of apparel worn by a person. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or simply as the object of a preposition like 'in' or 'with' when referring to being clothed in something.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΣΤΟΛΗ, ΕΣΘΗΣ
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TREE
Translations: to a father, to the Father, for a father, for the Father
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΑΤΡΙ (patri), the dative singular form of the noun ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or preposition, signifying 'to a father' or 'for a father'. In a theological context, it often refers to God the Father.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-smoh
Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.
G1135
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: goo-nai-KAY-oh
Translations: feminine, womanly, of women, for women, belonging to women
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'feminine' or 'belonging to women'. It describes something that pertains to women, is characteristic of women, or is intended for women. For example, it could describe clothing, customs, or areas designated for women.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Neuter
Synonyms: ΘΗΛΥΣ, ΘΗΛΥΚΟΣ
G4334
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-EEL-then
Translations: he came to, she came to, it came to, he approached, she approached, it approached
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. It describes the action of moving towards someone or something, often with the intention of interacting or engaging. It is frequently used in narratives to indicate a person or group drawing near to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G1397
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOO-lay
Translations: female slave, bondwoman, handmaiden, a female slave, a bondwoman, a handmaiden
Notes: This word refers to a female slave or bondwoman, often used in a humble or subservient sense, such as a handmaiden. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is devoted or obedient to another, like a servant of God. It is a compound word, but its parts are not easily separable into distinct meanings.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΑΙΝΙΣ, ΟΙΚΕΤΙΣ
G4766
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-TROH-sen
Translations: spread, spread out, lay, make a bed, furnish, prepare, lay low, overthrow, destroy
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'στρώννυμι' (stronnumi). It generally means to spread something out, to lay it down, or to furnish a place. In some contexts, particularly in military or destructive contexts, it can mean to lay low, overthrow, or destroy, as seen in the example usage where God 'laid low' or 'destroyed' the Assyrian army.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΣΤΡΩΣΩ
Etymology: The root verb ΣΤΡΩΝΝΥΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *stere- meaning 'to spread'. It is related to words meaning 'to strew' or 'to spread out'.
G2713
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: kah-teh-NAN-tee
Translations: opposite, before, in front of, over against, in the presence of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a preposition, indicating a position directly facing or opposite to something or someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. It describes being in the presence of, or confronting, another entity.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΑΠΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the adverb ΕΝΑΝΤΙ (enanti), meaning 'opposite' or 'before'.
G5485
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: kha-MAI
Translations: on the ground, to the ground, on the earth, to the earth
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'on the ground' or 'to the ground'. It is used to describe an action that takes place on the ground or a movement towards the ground, such as falling or lying down. It can also refer to something being low or humble.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΓΗ, ΕΠΙΓΕΙΟΣ
Etymology: From a presumed base *cham-, meaning 'low' or 'ground'. It is related to words indicating lowness or being close to the earth.
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-dee-ah
Translations: fleece, a fleece, sheepskin, a sheepskin
Notes: This word refers to a fleece or sheepskin. It is typically used to describe the woolly covering of a sheep, often removed for its wool. It can also refer to a garment or covering made from sheepskin.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The etymology of ΚΩΔΙΑ is uncertain, but it is believed to be of pre-Greek origin.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-lah-ben
Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received, he got, she got, it got
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes a completed action in the past performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He took the book' or 'She received the gift.'
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: bah-GOH-oo
Translations: unknown
Notes: It is not clear what this word means. It appears to be a garbled or badly misspelled word, as it does not correspond to any known Koine Greek vocabulary. It is possible it is a transcription error or a very rare proper noun.
Inflection: Unknown
G2522
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ka-thay-may-ree-NEEN
Translations: daily, a daily
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'daily' or 'every day'. It describes something that occurs or is done on a daily basis. It is often used to refer to things like daily bread, daily tasks, or daily occurrences. This specific form is inflected to agree with a feminine singular noun in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1254
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-ee-tan
Translations: way of life, manner of living, dwelling, abode, a way of life, a manner of living, a dwelling, an abode
Notes: This word refers to a way of life, a manner of living, or a dwelling place. It can describe someone's habits, customs, or the place where they reside. In a sentence, it might be used to describe someone's lifestyle or their home.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-THEE-ayn
Translations: to eat, to consume, to devour
Notes: This word means 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is often used in a literal sense for consuming food, but can also be used metaphorically to describe something being devoured or consumed, such as by fire or by another entity. It is the infinitive form of the verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΕΣΘΙΩ
G2625
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-klee-NOH-meh-nane
Translations: reclining, lying down, sitting down, a reclining, a lying down, a sitting down
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'κατακλίνω', meaning 'to recline' or 'to lie down'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of reclining or being made to recline, often in the context of taking a place at a meal or resting. It can function adjectivally or substantively.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΛΙΝΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΑΝΑΠΙΠΤΟΥΣΑΝ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: ep-EE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning
Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-el-THOO-sah
Translations: having entered, having come in, entering, coming in
Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, nominative aorist active participle of the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in' or 'to enter'. It describes an action of entering that has already occurred, performed by a feminine subject. It is often used to indicate the completion of an action before another action takes place.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ
G0377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-PEH-seh
Translations: he reclined, he lay down, he sat down, he fell back
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to recline' or 'to lie down', often used in the context of reclining at a meal, which was a common practice in ancient times. It can also mean 'to fall back' or 'to sit down'. It describes the action of taking a position of rest, especially for eating or relaxation.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΛΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΚΛΙΝΩ
G2455
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DEH-eeth
Translations: Judith
Notes: This is a proper noun, the name of a woman. In the Septuagint, Judith is the heroine of the Book of Judith, who saves her people from an invading army. The final apostrophe-like character (ʼ) in the provided form is a coronis, indicating an elision, likely of a following word that started with a vowel, or it could be a transcription artifact. In this context, it functions as the name itself.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Judith is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Yehudit (יְהוּדִית), meaning 'Jewess' or 'woman of Judea'. It is derived from the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah).
G1839
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ES-tay
Translations: he was beside himself, he was amazed, he was astonished, he was out of his mind, he was beside himself with amazement
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἐξίστημι' (existēmi). It describes a state of being 'out of one's mind' or 'beside oneself,' often due to extreme emotion like amazement, astonishment, or even madness. It implies a departure from one's normal state of mind or composure, often in response to something extraordinary or overwhelming. It can be used to describe someone who is so overwhelmed that they lose their self-control or rational thought.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ
Etymology: The verb ἐξίστημι (existēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to place.' Thus, its literal meaning is 'to stand out of' or 'to displace,' which evolved to mean 'to be out of one's mind' or 'to be amazed.'
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-ah
Translations: heart, a heart, mind, inner self, center
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ, the heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the inner person, the seat of thoughts, emotions, will, and moral character. It can represent the mind, soul, or the core of one's being. It is often used metaphorically to describe the center of something, like the 'heart of the sea'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'heart'.
G4531
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-sah-LEF-thay
Translations: was shaken, was moved, was stirred, was disturbed
Notes: This word describes something being shaken, moved, or disturbed, often with the implication of instability or agitation. It is used to describe physical movements, like an earthquake, or metaphorical disturbances, such as a person's mind being unsettled.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΙΝΕΩ, ΣΕΙΩ
G5590
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE
Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life
Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.
G2709
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-tep-EE-thoo-moss
Translations: very desirous, longing, lustful, eager
Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'very desirous' or 'longing intensely'. It is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely' (here intensifying the meaning), and the adjective ἐπιθύμος (epithymos), meaning 'desirous' or 'longing'. It describes someone who has a strong, often overwhelming, desire for something or someone. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, indicating either a strong, eager desire or a covetous, lustful longing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΟΘΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΣ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely' (used here as an intensifier), and the adjective ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΣ (epithymos), meaning 'desirous' or 'longing'. ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΣ itself comes from ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, toward') and ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos, 'passion, soul, spirit').
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G4843
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-ge-NES-thai
Translations: to be with, to associate with, to have sexual intercourse with
Notes: This is the aorist infinitive form of the verb ΣΥΓΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (synginomai), which is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (syn, meaning 'with') and ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai, meaning 'to become' or 'to be'). It generally means 'to be with' or 'to associate with' someone. In certain contexts, particularly in ancient texts, it can specifically refer to 'having sexual intercourse with' someone.
Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G5083
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TEH-rei
Translations: he was keeping, she was keeping, it was keeping, he was observing, she was observing, it was observing, he was guarding, she was guarding, it was guarding, he was preserving, she was preserving, it was preserving
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΤΗΡΕΩ (tereo). It describes an ongoing action in the past, meaning 'to keep, observe, guard, or preserve'. It implies a continuous or repeated action rather than a single completed event. For example, it could describe someone continuously keeping a command, observing a custom, guarding a place, or preserving something over time.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kai-RON
Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ
Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: RAHS
Translations: unknown
Notes: This word, 'ΡΑΣ', does not appear to be a recognized word in Koine Greek. It is highly probable that it is a misspelling, a fragment of a larger word, or a transcription error from an ancient manuscript. Without further context or clarification, its meaning cannot be determined.
Inflection: Unknown
G1078
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: geh-NEH-seh-ohss
Translations: of birth, of origin, of creation, of generation, of beginning, of lineage
Notes: This word refers to the act or process of coming into being, such as birth, origin, or creation. It can also denote a lineage or a record of descent. It is used to describe the beginning of something, like the 'day of birth' or the 'book of Genesis' (meaning 'book of origins').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: lah-BOO-sah
Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, a woman taking, she taking
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past relative to the main verb, and it refers to a feminine singular subject.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ
G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-pee-en
Translations: drank, he drank, she drank, it drank
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πίνω' (pinō), meaning 'to drink'. It describes a completed action of drinking in the past, specifically by a single subject (he, she, or it).
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-FAH-gen
Translations: he ate, she ate, it ate, he consumed, she consumed, it consumed
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point. It can be used in sentences like 'He ate the bread' or 'The fire consumed the field'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ
Etymology: The verb ΦΑΓΩ (phago) is an irregular aorist form used for the verb ΕΣΘΙΩ (esthio), meaning 'to eat'. Its origin can be traced back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to eating or consuming.
G2090
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hay-toy-MAH-sen
Translations: he prepared, he made ready
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a singular subject (he/she/it). It is used to indicate that something was made ready or put in order for a specific purpose or event.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἑτοιμάζω (hetoimazō) comes from the adjective ἕτοιμος (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'. It signifies the act of making something ready or putting it in a state of readiness.
G2165
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-FRAHN-thay
Translations: was made glad, was gladdened, rejoiced, was delighted, was merry
Notes: This word is a verb indicating a state of being made glad or rejoicing. It describes an action that happened in the past, where the subject experienced joy or delight, often as a result of an external cause. It is the aorist passive form of the verb 'euphraino', meaning 'to gladden' or 'to make merry'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: AP
Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with
Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-non
Translations: wine, a wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes. It is commonly used in ancient texts to describe the drink itself, often in contexts of meals, celebrations, or religious rituals.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Etymology: The word ΟΙΝΟΣ (oinos) is of pre-Greek origin, possibly from a Mediterranean substrate language, and is related to words for wine in other Indo-European languages.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-LOON
Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, a lot
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. In the provided examples, it is used with 'χρόνον' (time) to mean 'much time' or 'a long time'. It is often used to modify nouns, indicating a significant amount or multitude.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΑΦΘΟΝΟΣ
G3745
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-son
Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as
Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G4455
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: POH-po-teh
Translations: ever, at any time, at any point, never (when used with a negative)
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'ever' or 'at any time'. It is often used in conjunction with a negative particle (like οὐ or μή) to form the meaning 'never' or 'not ever'. For example, 'οὐ πώποτε' means 'never'. It emphasizes the temporal aspect of an action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕ, ΠΩΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound adverb formed from the interrogative/indefinite adverb πῶ (pō, 'how, in any way') and the indefinite adverb ποτέ (poté, 'at some time, ever'). The combination emphasizes the 'ever' aspect.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-MEH-rah
Translations: day, a day, time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a day, which can mean either a 24-hour period or the daylight portion of a day, as opposed to night. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a specific time, season, or period. It is commonly used to mark the passage of time or to refer to a particular point in time.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'warm' or 'hot', referring to the warmth of the day.
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: mee-AH
Translations: one, a, an
Notes: ΜΙΑ is the feminine form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used to indicate a single unit or as an indefinite article, similar to 'a' or 'an' in English. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative
G0575
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: AF
Translations: from, away from, by, with, of, for, because of, after, since
Notes: This is a prefix or a preposition meaning 'from' or 'away from'. It indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is often used with the genitive case to show the source or origin of something, or the agent by whom something is done. It can also indicate a point in time 'from' which something occurs. When used as a prefix, it often intensifies the meaning of the verb or noun it is attached to, or indicates separation.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix or preposition).
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΑΠΟ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- (away, from).
G1080
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-gen-NEE-theh
Translations: was born, was begotten, was produced
Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'gennao', meaning 'to beget' or 'to give birth'. In this passive form, it means 'to be born' or 'to be begotten'. It describes an event that happened in the past, indicating the origin or coming into existence of someone or something. It is often used in contexts referring to physical birth or the spiritual birth of believers.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΩ, ΦΥΩ
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