Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Polycarp of Smyrna / Polycarp’s Letter to the Philippians / Chapter 5Polycarp’s Letter to the Philippians, Chapter 5
Interlinear version from Polycarp of Smyrna (Beta)
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ee-DOH-tes
Translations: knowing, having known, being aware, understanding
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of knowing or having known something. It can be used to indicate the reason for an action or the state of a subject.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The verb 'oida' (from which 'eidotes' is derived) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to signify knowledge gained through observation or experience.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3456
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: myk-tay-REE-zeh-tai
Translations: is mocked, is ridiculed, is scorned, is sneered at
Notes: This verb describes the action of being mocked, ridiculed, or treated with contempt. It implies a turning up of the nose or a sneer, indicating disdain. It is often used in contexts where someone or something is being treated lightly or disrespectfully, especially in relation to divine authority or serious matters.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ
Etymology: From μυκτηρ (myktēr), meaning 'nose' or 'nostril', referring to the act of turning up the nose in scorn.
G3784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-FEY-loh-men
Translations: we ought, we must, we owe, we are indebted
Notes: This word signifies a moral obligation or a debt. It is used to express what one ought to do, what is necessary, or what is due, whether in terms of duty, obligation, or financial debt. It can be used in contexts where one is bound by law, custom, or moral imperative.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ
G0516
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ax-EE-ohs
Translations: worthily, appropriately, suitably, justly, in a manner worthy of
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'ἈΞΙΟΣ' (axios), meaning 'worthy'. It describes an action performed in a manner that is fitting, appropriate, or deserving. It indicates that something is done in a way that corresponds to its true value or importance.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΟΝΤΩΣ, ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΩΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1785
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: en-to-LEES
Translations: of a commandment, of a command, of an instruction, of a precept
Notes: This word refers to a commandment, command, instruction, or precept. It is used to denote a divine or human directive that is to be obeyed. In the provided examples, it refers to a divine command or the command of the law. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1391
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOX-ays
Translations: of glory, of honor, of praise, of splendor, of majesty, of reputation
Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, praise, or splendor. It is used to describe the inherent greatness or magnificent nature of someone or something, often God. It can also refer to a good reputation or high standing. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of glory' or 'belonging to glory'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗΣ, ΚΛΕΟΥΣ, ΕΥΦΗΜΙΑΣ
G4043
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TEIN
Translations: to walk, to go, to live, to conduct oneself, to behave
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'περιπατέω'. It literally means 'to walk around' or 'to go about'. Figuratively, it is often used to describe one's way of life, conduct, or behavior, meaning 'to live' or 'to conduct oneself'. It can be used in contexts referring to physical movement or to one's moral and spiritual journey.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΕΣΘΑΙ, ΖΗΝ, ΑΝΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΙΝ
Etymology: The word 'περιπατέω' is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around', and 'πατέω' (pateō), meaning 'to walk' or 'to tread'.
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G1249
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-koh-noy
Translations: servants, ministers, deacons
Notes: This word refers to those who serve, either generally as a servant or attendant, or specifically as a minister or deacon in a religious context. It describes someone who carries out the commands of another, often in a humble or subordinate role. It can be used to describe anyone who provides service or assistance.
Inflection: Nominative or Vocative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΑΙ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb κονέω (koneō), meaning 'to raise dust' or 'to hasten'. This suggests the idea of someone who is busy or active in service, perhaps running errands or performing duties diligently.
G0273
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-MEMP-toy
Translations: blameless, faultless, irreproachable, without fault
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without fault or blame, irreproachable, or blameless. It is used to indicate a high moral standard or integrity, suggesting that there is no legitimate accusation that can be brought against the person or thing described. It can be used to describe individuals who live righteously or actions that are beyond reproach.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΩΜΟΣ, ΑΚΕΡΑΙΟΣ, ΑΝΕΓΚΛΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ is a compound word formed from the privative alpha (α-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ (memphomai), meaning 'to blame' or 'to find fault'. Thus, it literally means 'not to be blamed' or 'without blame'.
G2714
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: kah-teh-NO-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of
Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'in the presence of' or 'before'. It is used to indicate a position or state of being directly in front of someone or something, often implying observation or accountability. It combines the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', with 'ἐνώπιον' (enopion), meaning 'in the sight of' or 'before'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ
Etymology: ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the adverb ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ (enopion), meaning 'in the sight of' or 'before'. ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ itself is derived from ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in', and ΩΨ (ops), meaning 'face' or 'eye'.
G1343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nays
Translations: of righteousness, of justice, of a righteousness, of a justice
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right, just, or righteous. It encompasses both the state of being right with God and the act of doing what is right. It is often used in a theological context to describe divine justice or human uprightness.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN
Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind
Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G1228
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-boh-loy
Translations: slanderers, accusers, devils
Notes: This word refers to those who slander, accuse, or are hostile adversaries. In a more specific theological context, it can refer to demonic entities or the Devil himself, though in its plural form, it typically refers to human slanderers or accusers. It is often used to describe individuals who are malicious in their speech or actions.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΟΙ, ΕΧΘΡΟΙ
G1360
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-LOH-goi
Translations: double-tongued, deceitful, insincere
Notes: This word describes someone who is double-tongued, meaning they say one thing to one person and something different to another, or they are inconsistent in their speech. It implies insincerity, deceitfulness, or unreliability in communication. It is a compound word formed from 'δις' (dis), meaning 'twice' or 'double', and 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΠΛΟΥΣ, ΨΕΥΔΗΣ, ΑΠΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΛΟΓΟΣ (dilogos) is a compound of δύο (duo), meaning 'two' or 'double', and λόγος (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'. It literally means 'two-worded' or 'double-speaking'.
G0866
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-fee-LAR-gyoo-roy
Translations: not loving money, free from the love of money, without covetousness
Notes: This word describes someone who is not fond of money or material possessions. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀ-' (a negative prefix meaning 'not' or 'without'), 'φίλος' (philos, meaning 'loving' or 'dear'), and 'ἄργυρος' (argyros, meaning 'silver' or 'money'). Therefore, it literally means 'not loving money'. It is used to characterize individuals who are content and not driven by greed.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΑΠΛΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and φιλάργυρος (philargyros), meaning 'money-loving'. The latter part, φιλάργυρος, is itself derived from φίλος (philos), 'loving', and ἄργυρος (argyros), 'silver' or 'money'.
G1468
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eng-KRA-tays
Translations: self-controlled, temperate, continent, master of, in control of, self-controlled ones, temperate ones
Notes: This word describes someone who has mastery over themselves, particularly over their desires, passions, or appetites. It can also mean being in control or master of something external. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the noun 'κράτος' (strength, power, dominion), literally meaning 'in power' or 'having power over'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΩΝ, ΕΥΚΡΑΤΗΣ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2155
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoos-PLANGKH-noy
Translations: compassionate, tenderhearted, merciful
Notes: This word describes someone who is compassionate, tenderhearted, or merciful. It is a compound word formed from the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and σπλάγχνον (splagchnon), meaning 'inward parts' or 'bowels', which were considered the seat of emotions. Thus, it literally means 'having good inward parts' or 'well-boweled', conveying deep empathy and pity. It is used to describe individuals who show profound sympathy and kindness towards others.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΗΜΩΝ, ΟἸΚΤΙΡΜΩΝ
G2020
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ep-ee-meh-LAIS
Translations: diligent, careful, assiduous, attentive
Notes: This word describes someone who is diligent, careful, or assiduous in their actions or responsibilities. It implies a thorough and attentive approach to a task or duty.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΚΤΙΚΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΟΝΟΣ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΣΤΙΚΟΣ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: por-YOO-meh-noy
Translations: going, walking, traveling, journeying, those who are going, those who are walking
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an ongoing action of movement. It can be used to refer to individuals who are in the process of moving from one place to another, often implying a journey or a specific direction. For example, it might describe 'those who are going' or 'people who are walking'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ahn
Translations: truth, a truth
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with what is real. In a sentence, it typically functions as the direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing that is known, spoken, or done truthfully.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1249
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-koh-noss
Translations: deacon, a deacon, servant, a servant, minister, a minister
Notes: This word refers to a servant, minister, or deacon. It describes someone who performs service, whether in a general sense of waiting on tables or serving others, or in a more specific religious sense as an official church leader (a deacon). It emphasizes the act of service and ministry.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ
Etymology: From διά (dia, 'through') and κόνις (konis, 'dust'), possibly referring to someone who raises dust by hurrying to serve, or more generally, someone who serves through or by means of something. It denotes one who executes the commands of another, especially in a religious or official capacity.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G2100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-ah-res-TAY-so-men
Translations: let us please, that we may please, we may be well-pleasing
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to please well' or 'to be well-pleasing'. It is used to express the idea of doing something in a way that is acceptable or pleasing to someone, often God. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (well) and 'ἀρεστός' (pleasing).
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G0166
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee
Translations: eternal, everlasting, perpetual, age-long
Notes: This word describes something that is without beginning or end, or that pertains to an age or a long period of time. It is often used to describe God's nature, life, or punishment, emphasizing their enduring quality. It can also refer to something that lasts for a very long time, even if not strictly infinite.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΙΩΝΙΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΑΕΝΑΟΣ
G618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-LEEP-so-meh-tha
Translations: we will receive back, we will get back, we will recover
Notes: This word is the future tense, first person plural, middle/passive voice of the verb ἀπολαμβάνω (apolambanō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. Therefore, it means 'to receive back' or 'to get back' something that was previously given or due. It is used to indicate that a group of people (we) will obtain or recover something in the future.
Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΟΥΜΕΘΑ, ΛΗΨΟΜΕΘΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3195
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: MEL-lon-tah
Translations: about to, going to, future, things to come, those who are about to
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to be going to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is imminent or in the future. It can refer to future events, future people, or things that are destined to happen. In the provided examples, it refers to 'future things' or 'those who are about to'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΑ
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G5293
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PES-kheh-toh
Translations: he promised, she promised, it promised
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to promise' or 'to pledge'. It is used to indicate that someone made a commitment or gave an assurance. In this form, it refers to a singular subject (he, she, or it) who made a promise in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (iskhneomai), which is related to ΙΣΧΩ (iskhō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under obligation' or 'to take upon oneself'.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GAY-rai
Translations: to raise, to awaken, to rouse, to build, to stir up
Notes: This word means to raise, awaken, or rouse someone or something. It can be used literally, such as raising someone from sleep or from the dead, or figuratively, such as stirring up a conflict or building a structure. It is often used in the context of resurrection or causing something to stand up.
Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΟΡΘΟΩ
Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to awaken, to rouse'.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3498
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: NEK-ron
Translations: of the dead, of dead ones
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.
G4176
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poh-lee-TEV-so-meh-thah
Translations: let us conduct ourselves, let us live, let us be citizens, let us behave
Notes: This is a verb meaning to live as a citizen, to conduct oneself, or to behave. It implies living according to the laws and customs of a community or state, or more generally, to order one's life. It is often used in a moral or ethical sense, referring to how one lives their life in relation to God or a community.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΖΑΩ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόλις (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state'. The verb form thus relates to the actions or life of a citizen within a city or state.
G4846
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-bah-see-LEH-oo-so-men
Translations: we will reign with, we will rule with
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to reign together with' or 'to rule together with'. It describes the action of sharing a reign or kingship with another person or entity. It is used in a future sense, indicating an action that will happen.
Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ (basileuō), meaning 'to reign' or 'to be king'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it was, it became
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. The form 'ἐγένετο' (egeneto) is commonly used to introduce a new event or a sequence of events, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It describes something that occurred or came into existence.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΓΝΟΜΑΙ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pis-TEV-oh-men
Translations: we believe, we trust, we are convinced, we have faith
Notes: This word means 'we believe' or 'we trust'. It is used to express conviction, reliance, or faith in someone or something. It can be used in various contexts, such as believing a statement, trusting a person, or having faith in a divine being. It is the first person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'to believe'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΜΕΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΟΜΕΝ
G3501
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: neh-oh-TEH-roy
Translations: younger, newer, more recent, a younger, a newer
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'new' or 'young'. It means 'younger' or 'newer', indicating a greater degree of youth or newness compared to something else. It can be used to describe people who are younger in age or things that are more recent in time.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΙ, ΝΕΩΤΕΡΟΣ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4253
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PRO
Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tos
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) each
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΠΑΣ' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It can refer to a part of a whole, or to the entirety of something. For example, 'of all things' or 'of every person'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4306
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-no-OON-tes
Translations: providing, taking thought, taking thought beforehand, providing beforehand, considering, taking care, looking out for
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'pronoéō'. It describes the action of providing for, taking thought for, or looking out for something or someone. It implies a proactive and careful consideration of future needs or circumstances. It is often used to describe someone who is diligent in their responsibilities or who plans ahead.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΜΕΛΩ
G0047
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ag-NEH-yahs
Translations: of purity, of chastity, of holiness, of innocence
Notes: This word refers to the state of being pure, chaste, or holy. It implies moral and spiritual cleanliness, often in the context of sexual purity or freedom from defilement. It can be used to describe a person's character or a state of being.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΟΤΗΣ, ΑΓΙΟΤΗΣ, ΣΩΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
G5468
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: kha-li-na-goh-GOON-tes
Translations: bridling, restraining, keeping in check, controlling
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to bridle' or 'to restrain'. It is used to describe the act of controlling or keeping something in check, much like putting a bridle on a horse to guide and control it. In a broader sense, it refers to exercising self-control or restraining one's desires or actions.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TOOS
Translations: themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon itself. For example, 'they save themselves'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1939
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-mee-OHN
Translations: of desires, of lusts, of cravings, of longings
Notes: This word refers to strong desires, cravings, or longings, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It is often used to describe human passions or appetites. In the provided examples, it refers to the desires that reason or self-control can master.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΕΩΝ, ΠΑΘΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ (epithymia) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'towards,' and ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos), meaning 'passion' or 'spirit.' It denotes a strong inclination or desire directed towards something.
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-smoh
Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sah
Translations: all, every, a whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and must agree with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1939
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah
Translations: desire, a desire, longing, lust, craving
Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for something good, or it can refer to an evil and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, toward) and 'θυμός' (passion, spirit).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'toward', and the noun θυμός (thymos), meaning 'passion', 'spirit', or 'soul'. It thus conveys the idea of a strong inclination or passion directed towards something.
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tos
Translations: of spirit, of a spirit, of wind, of breath, of the Spirit
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πνεῦμα' (pneuma). It refers to a spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. As a genitive case, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
G4754
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: strah-TEV-eh-tai
Translations: he wages war, he serves as a soldier, he campaigns, he fights
Notes: This word describes the action of engaging in military service, waging war, or campaigning. It refers to someone actively participating in armed conflict or serving as a soldier. It is used to describe a single individual performing this action.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G4205
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POR-noy
Translations: fornicators, immoral persons, prostitutes
Notes: This word refers to individuals who engage in sexual immorality, including prostitution or any illicit sexual activity. It is used to describe those who commit fornication.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΜΟΙΧΟΙ, ΑΣΕΛΓΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΠΟΡΝΟΣ (pornos) is derived from the verb πέρνημι (pernēmi), meaning 'to sell', particularly referring to selling into slavery or selling for prostitution.
G3120
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: mah-lah-KOY
Translations: soft, effeminate, weak, luxurious, delicate, a soft one, an effeminate one
Notes: This word describes something as soft, delicate, or luxurious. It can also refer to a person who is effeminate, morally weak, or lacking in self-control. In some contexts, it can imply a lack of moral fiber or a pampered lifestyle.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΟΓΥΝΟΣ, ΘΗΛΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΑΛΑΚΟΣ (malakos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *mel- meaning 'soft'. It describes something that is easily yielding to pressure.
G0733
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-seh-no-KOI-tai
Translations: homosexuals, sodomites, men who lie with men
Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from 'ἄρσην' (arsen), meaning 'male', and 'κοίτη' (koitē), meaning 'bed' or 'sexual intercourse'. It refers to men who engage in sexual acts with other men. In ancient Greek contexts, it specifically denotes males who lie with males, often with a negative connotation, and is used to describe those who practice homosexual acts.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek terms: ἄρσην (arsēn), meaning 'male' or 'man', and κοίτη (koitē), meaning 'bed' or 'sexual intercourse'. It was likely coined in the Hellenistic period to specifically describe male homosexual activity.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-ahn
Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, reign, kingship, royal power, dominion
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, a realm ruled by a king, or the act of reigning and exercising royal power. It can describe a physical territory or the abstract concept of royal authority and dominion. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G2816
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: klee-roh-noh-MEH-soo-sin
Translations: they will inherit, they will obtain, they will possess
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to inherit' or 'to obtain by right of inheritance'. It can also mean 'to come into possession of' or 'to acquire'. It is used to describe the act of receiving something as an inheritance, whether it be property, a blessing, or a kingdom. It implies a legal or rightful claim to what is received.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΚΛΗΡΟΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΗΡΟΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-OON-tes
Translations: doing, making, performing, practicing, those who do, those who make
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are making' something, often implying a continuous or habitual action.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G0824
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AH-toh-pah
Translations: improper things, unseemly things, absurdities, wrong things, mischief
Notes: This word describes something that is out of place, improper, absurd, or wrong. As a neuter plural, it often refers to actions or circumstances that are inappropriate or harmful. It can be used to describe things that are morally wrong or simply illogical.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΑ, ἈΔΙΚΑ, ΚΑΚΑ
G1352
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which
Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.
G1163
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: DEH-on
Translations: it is necessary, what is necessary, what is proper, things needed, necessities, a necessity
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to need'. In its neuter singular form (δέον), it functions as an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'it is proper'. When used substantively, it refers to 'that which is necessary' or 'what is proper'. In its neuter plural form (δέοντα), it means 'things needed' or 'necessities'. It describes what is required by duty, custom, or circumstance.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular or Plural
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ, ΠΡΕΠΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₁- 'to bind'. In Koine Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' or 'to be necessary' alongside its original meaning of 'to bind'.
G0568
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pe-KHESTH-ai
Translations: to abstain, to keep oneself from, to refrain from, to hold oneself off
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its middle or passive voice, it means 'to hold oneself away from' or 'to abstain from'. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate what one is abstaining from.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΩΛΥΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀπέχω (apechō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G5293
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: hoo-po-tas-so-MEH-noos
Translations: submitting, being subject, obeying, being obedient, being in subjection, being subordinate
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hypotassō', meaning 'to place under' or 'to subject'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of being subjected, submitting, or obeying. It is often used to describe a relationship of deference or obedience, such as a person submitting to authority, or things being brought under control. It can function adjectivally to describe a person or group, or substantively as a noun referring to 'those who are submitting'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΟΥΝΤΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roys
Translations: (to) elders, (to) old men, (to) presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority or leadership within a community, particularly in religious or governmental contexts. It can denote a senior member, an elder, or a presbyter. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to leaders in the early Christian church.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ
G1249
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-KO-noys
Translations: (to) servants, (to) ministers, (to) deacons
Notes: This word refers to servants, ministers, or deacons. It describes someone who performs service, either in a general sense or specifically in a religious or official capacity. In the New Testament, it often refers to those who serve the church, sometimes in an official role as a deacon. It is a compound word, formed from διά (dia, "through") and κόνις (konis, "dust"), originally referring to one who raises dust by running errands.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΑΙ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOH
Translations: (to) Christ, (to) the Anointed One, (to) the Messiah
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It is often used as a proper noun, referring to Jesus Christ. In its dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to Christ' or 'for Christ'. It can also refer to anyone who is anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G3933
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: par-THEH-noos
Translations: virgins
Notes: This word refers to young, unmarried women, often implying virginity. It can be used to describe a maiden or a pure, chaste woman. In the provided context, it is used in the plural to refer to multiple young women.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΗ, ΝΥΜΦΗ
G0299
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-MOH-moh
Translations: blameless, faultless, without blemish, unblemished
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being without fault, blemish, or defect. It implies moral purity and integrity, often used in a religious or ethical context to describe a person's character or a sacrifice that is perfect and acceptable. It can be used to modify nouns, indicating that the noun possesses this quality of blamelessness.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΚΑΚΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ, ΑΝΕΓΚΛΗΤΟΣ
G0053
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ag-NEE
Translations: pure, chaste, holy, innocent, a pure one, a chaste one
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning pure, chaste, or holy. It describes something or someone free from defilement, whether physical, moral, or spiritual. It can be used to describe a person's character, actions, or even objects that are ritually clean.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ
G4893
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-EYE-day-see
Translations: to conscience, for conscience, in conscience, with conscience
Notes: This word refers to one's conscience, the inner sense of right and wrong. It is often used in contexts relating to moral awareness, self-awareness, or the inner witness of one's actions. It can describe the state of having a clear conscience or being troubled by one's conscience.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
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