Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Polycarp of Smyrna / Polycarp’s Letter to the Philippians / Chapter 6Polycarp’s Letter to the Philippians, Chapter 6
Interlinear version from Polycarp of Smyrna (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roy
Translations: elders, older men, presbyters
Notes: This word refers to older individuals, often those who hold a position of authority or leadership within a community, a family, or a religious group. In a religious context, it can specifically refer to church leaders or presbyters. It is used to describe a group of people who are older or hold a senior position.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2155
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoos-PLANGKH-noy
Translations: compassionate, tenderhearted, merciful
Notes: This word describes someone who is compassionate, tenderhearted, or merciful. It is a compound word formed from the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and σπλάγχνον (splagchnon), meaning 'inward parts' or 'bowels', which were considered the seat of emotions. Thus, it literally means 'having good inward parts' or 'well-boweled', conveying deep empathy and pity. It is used to describe individuals who show profound sympathy and kindness towards others.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἘΛΕΗΜΩΝ, ΟἸΚΤΙΡΜΩΝ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1655
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-leh-AY-moh-nes
Translations: merciful, compassionate, a merciful one
Notes: This word describes someone who is full of mercy, compassion, or pity towards others. It is often used to characterize God or those who emulate His character by showing kindness and forgiveness. It can be used to describe a quality of a person or group, as in 'the merciful ones'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΟἸΚΤΙΡΜΩΝ
G1994
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-on-tes
Translations: returning, turning, turning back, converting, being converted
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is returning' or 'one who is turning'. It describes an ongoing action of turning, either physically turning around or returning to a place, or metaphorically turning back to God or converting. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or time of an action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G0635
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: ah-po-pep-lah-NEE-meh-nah
Translations: led astray, deceived, wandered away, strayed, things led astray, those led astray
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, neuter plural, nominative or accusative case, derived from the verb 'ἈΠΟΠΛΑΝΆΩ'. It describes something or someone that has been led astray or deceived, indicating a state of having wandered away from the correct path or truth. It can refer to things or people that are in this state.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΆΩ, ἈΠΑΤΆΩ, ΠΛΑΝΉΣ
G1980
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ep-ee-SKEP-toh-men-oy
Translations: visiting, looking after, caring for, inspecting, overseeing
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'episkeptomai'. It describes an action of visiting, looking after, or caring for someone or something. It implies a purposeful and often compassionate act of oversight or inspection. It can be used to describe those who are actively engaged in such care.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ (skeptomai), meaning 'to look' or 'to examine'. Thus, it literally means 'to look upon' or 'to look over', evolving to mean 'to visit', 'to inspect', or 'to care for'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-nas
Translations: all, every, whole, any
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can be used to say 'all people' or 'every day'. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.
Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0772
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: as-the-NEYS
Translations: weak, feeble, sick, ill, infirm, a weak person, the weak, the sick
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is weak, feeble, or lacking strength. It can refer to physical weakness, illness, or a general state of infirmity. When used as a substantive (like in the examples), it refers to 'the weak' or 'the sick' people.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ἈΡΡΩΣΤΟΣ
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G0272
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-meh-LOO-ntess
Translations: neglecting, disregarding, being negligent, not caring for, those who neglect
Notes: This word describes the action of being careless, negligent, or indifferent towards something or someone. It implies a failure to pay attention or to fulfill a duty. It is often used to describe someone who is neglecting their responsibilities or disregarding advice.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΙΣΚΕΠΤΟΣ, ἈΠΡΟΣΕΚΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word Ἀμελέω is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb μέλω (melō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to be a concern'. Thus, it literally means 'not to care for' or 'to be without concern'.
G5503
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEE-ras
Translations: of a widow, of the widow, a widow
Notes: This word refers to a woman whose husband has died and who has not remarried. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of a widow' or 'belonging to a widow'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G3737
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: or-pha-NOO
Translations: orphan, an orphan, fatherless, an orphan (of), fatherless (of)
Notes: This word refers to someone who has lost one or both parents, particularly a father. It can be used as a noun meaning 'orphan' or as an adjective meaning 'fatherless' or 'bereft'. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΒΟΗΘΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ὈΡΦΑΝΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be deprived' or 'to be without'. It is related to Latin 'orbus' (bereft, orphaned) and English 'orphan'.
G3993
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-nay-toss
Translations: of a poor person, of the poor, of the needy
Notes: This word refers to someone who is poor, needy, or destitute. It is often used to describe a person lacking material possessions or resources. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the wisdom of the poor person' or 'the cry of the needy'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΤΩΧΟΣ, ΕΝΔΕΗΣ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G4306
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pro-no-OOH-tes
Translations: providing, taking thought, caring for, foreseeing, considering, looking out for
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'pronoéō', meaning 'to foresee', 'to provide for', or 'to take thought for'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in planning, preparing, or caring for something or someone. It implies a proactive and thoughtful approach to future needs or present responsibilities.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΩ
G0104
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-EH-ee
Translations: always, ever, continually, at all times
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'always' or 'ever'. It indicates something that happens without interruption, continuously, or at all times. It can be used to describe an action or state that is perpetual or ongoing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΤΕ, ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἈΕΙ' comes from an ancient root meaning 'ever' or 'always'. It is related to words indicating duration or perpetuity.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-LOO
Translations: to call, to invite, to name, to summon
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to call'. It can mean to summon someone, to invite them, or to give them a name. It is often used in contexts of calling upon God or calling someone to a specific purpose.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN
Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind
Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.
G0568
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-peh-KHO-meh-noy
Translations: abstaining, refraining, holding oneself off, keeping away from
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἀπέχω (apechō). It describes someone who is actively holding themselves away from something, abstaining, or refraining. It implies a deliberate act of separation or avoidance, often used in a moral or ethical context to mean 'to keep oneself from' or 'to abstain from'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to hold'). The compound verb literally means 'to hold oneself away from'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sees
Translations: of all, of every, of the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a noun, indicating that the noun refers to the entirety of something or every instance of it. It agrees with the noun it modifies in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used when referring to a singular feminine noun in the genitive case, often indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3709
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: or-GAYS
Translations: (of) wrath, (of) anger, (of) indignation
Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in the New Testament to denote God's righteous anger or wrath against sin, which can lead to judgment or punishment. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ὀργάω (orgao), meaning 'to swell, to be full of sap,' suggesting a swelling or rising of emotion.
G4382
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-so-po-lay-pSEE-as
Translations: of partiality, of favoritism, of respect of persons
Notes: This word refers to the act of showing favoritism or partiality, especially in judgment or treatment, based on a person's outward appearance, status, or position rather than on their true merit or character. It is a compound word formed from 'prosopon' (face/person) and 'lambano' (to take/receive), literally meaning 'a taking of the face'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΛΗΨΙΑ
G5035
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TA-kheh-ohs
Translations: quickly, swiftly, soon, speedily, at once
Notes: This word describes an action performed with speed or promptness. It indicates that something happens without delay or in a rapid manner. It is often used to emphasize the urgency or immediacy of an event or command.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ΤΑΧΥΣ)
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ
G4100
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: PIS-teh-oo-on-tes
Translations: believing, those who believe, who believe
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'believing' or 'those who believe'. It describes an ongoing action of believing. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive, meaning 'the ones who believe'. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The believing ones entered the kingdom'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΕΣ, ΕΛΠΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nos
Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose
Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ
G0664
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-po-TO-moy
Translations: abrupt, severe, harsh, a severe one, a harsh one
Notes: This word describes something that is cut off sharply, and by extension, refers to something that is abrupt, severe, or harsh in manner or action. It can be used to describe a person's character, a command, or a punishment, indicating a lack of gentleness or leniency.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΑΥ̓ΣΤΗΡΟΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G2920
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREE-say
Translations: judgment, a judgment, decision, condemnation, justice, a crisis
Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or the act of judging. It can also denote a legal process, a verdict, or a condemnation. In some contexts, it refers to a critical moment or a crisis. It is often used in the context of divine or human evaluation and the resulting outcome.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΣΙΣ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ee-DOH-tes
Translations: knowing, having known, being aware, understanding
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of knowing or having known something. It can be used to indicate the reason for an action or the state of a subject.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The verb 'oida' (from which 'eidotes' is derived) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to signify knowledge gained through observation or experience.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G3781
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-fee-LEH-tai
Translations: debtors, a debtor, those who owe, those who are obligated
Notes: This word refers to someone who owes a debt, whether it's a financial obligation, a moral duty, or a spiritual debt. It can also refer to someone who is obligated to do something or is guilty of an offense. In the provided context, it signifies being obligated or indebted, often in a moral or spiritual sense.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΕΩΦΕΙΛΕΤΗΣ, ΥΠΟΧΡΕΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-MEN
Translations: we are
Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" and means "we are." It is used to state a fact or condition about a group of people, indicating their existence, identity, or state. For example, it can be used in sentences like "we are happy" or "we are servants."
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-as
Translations: of sin, of sins, of a sin, sin, a sin
Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a transgression against divine or moral law. It can also refer to the state of sinfulness. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, often translated as 'of sin' or 'of sins'. It is commonly used in theological contexts to describe moral failings.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G1189
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: deh-OH-meh-thah
Translations: we beg, we pray, we ask, we entreat
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to beg,' 'to pray,' or 'to ask.' It is used when a group of people are making a request or an earnest appeal to someone, often to a higher authority or to God. It implies a sense of need or urgency in the request.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΩΤΑΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G0868
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-FEE
Translations: touch, a touch, contact
Notes: This word refers to the act of touching or the sense of touch. It describes physical contact or the ability to perceive through touch. It can be used in contexts where someone makes contact with an object or another person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΑΦΗ, ΨΗΛΑΦΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb ἅπτω (haptō), meaning 'to fasten, to touch'.
G3784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-FEY-loh-men
Translations: we ought, we must, we owe, we are indebted
Notes: This word signifies a moral obligation or a debt. It is used to express what one ought to do, what is necessary, or what is due, whether in terms of duty, obligation, or financial debt. It can be used in contexts where one is bound by law, custom, or moral imperative.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G0863
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Part of Speech: Infinitive
Sounds like: ah-fee-EH-nai
Translations: to send away, to let go, to forgive, to permit, to leave, to abandon, to dismiss
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἈΦΙΗΜΙ'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἵημι' (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Its meaning varies depending on context, but generally involves the idea of sending something away, letting go of something, or leaving something behind. It can be used in the sense of forgiving sins, permitting an action, or abandoning a person or place.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΑΩ
G0001
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: Ah-peh-NAN-tee
Translations: opposite, in front of, before, against
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a position directly facing or opposite to something or someone. It can also mean 'in the presence of' or 'before' a person or thing. It is often used with the genitive case to specify what it is opposite to.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπ- (ap-, 'from') and ἔναντι (enanti, 'opposite'). It literally means 'from opposite' or 'from in front of'.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G3788
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oph-thal-MON
Translations: of eyes, eyes
Notes: This word refers to the eyes, the organs of sight. It can be used literally to describe physical eyes or metaphorically to represent understanding, perception, or presence. The form ὈΦΘΑΛΜΩΝ is the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of eyes' or 'belonging to eyes'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΜΜΑΤΑ, ΒΛΕΦΑΡΑ
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G3936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-rah-STAY-nye
Translations: to stand by, to present, to appear, to be present, to assist, to offer, to place beside
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to stand by, to present, or to appear. It is often used in contexts where someone or something is brought into the presence of another, or where one takes a stand beside someone to assist them. It can also mean to offer something or to be present in a place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand beside' or 'to place beside'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G0968
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BAY-mah-tee
Translations: to a judgment seat, to a tribunal, to a raised platform, to a step
Notes: This word refers to a raised platform or a step, often used for speaking or for a judge's seat. In a legal or official context, it signifies a tribunal or judgment seat where decisions are made.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΗΜΑΤΟΣ, ΒΗΜΑΤΑ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton
Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing
Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ
Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: DOO-nye
Translations: to give, to grant, to bestow
Notes: ΔΟΥΝΑΙ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb δίδωμι, meaning 'to give'. It is used to express the action of giving, granting, or bestowing something. As an infinitive, it often functions similarly to 'to give' in English, indicating purpose, result, or as the object of another verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΕΙΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΑΙ
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G1398
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-LEH-oo-soh-men
Translations: let us serve, that we may serve, let us be enslaved, that we may be enslaved, let us obey, that we may obey
Notes: This word means to serve, to be a slave, or to obey. It implies a state of subjection or devoted service, often to a master, a cause, or even a sin. It is used to describe the act of rendering service or being in bondage. In the given form, it suggests a command or exhortation for a group to perform this action.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Active Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G5401
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PHO-boo
Translations: of fear, of reverence, of respect, of terror, of awe
Notes: This word refers to the emotion of fear, dread, or terror. It can also denote reverence, respect, or awe, particularly in a religious context towards God. It is used to describe the source or object of fear or reverence.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the root *phob-, meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'.
G2124
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-LA-beh-ee-as
Translations: of reverence, of piety, of caution, of circumspection, of awe, of fear
Notes: This word refers to a cautious and reverent attitude, often in the context of religious piety or a respectful fear of God. It describes a carefulness that stems from a sense of awe or respect, leading to a cautious and devout way of living.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΣΕΒΑΣ, ΕΥ̓ΣΕΒΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word Εὐλάβεια (eulabeia) comes from the adjective εὐλαβής (eulabēs), meaning 'cautious, reverent'. This in turn is derived from εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive', suggesting 'well-taking' or 'well-receiving', implying carefulness or caution.
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G1781
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-TEH-lay-lah-toh
Translations: commanded, ordered, instructed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to command, order, or instruct. It is often used in the context of giving a specific directive or injunction, especially from a position of authority. It can be used to describe someone giving a command to another person or group.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
G2097
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: yoo-ang-ge-LI-sah-me-noy
Translations: having preached good news, having proclaimed the gospel, those who preached good news
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'euangelizō', meaning 'to bring good news' or 'to proclaim the gospel'. It is a compound word formed from 'eu' (good, well) and 'angelizō' (to announce, to proclaim). As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it refers to those who have already performed the action of preaching good news.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G0652
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loy
Translations: apostles, envoys, messengers
Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out with a specific mission or message, acting as an authorized representative or delegate. In a religious context, it most commonly refers to the twelve disciples of Jesus who were sent out to preach the Gospel. It can also refer to other individuals commissioned by God for a special purpose.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΣΤΟΛΟΣ (apostolos) comes from the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to send forth'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'.
G4396
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-FEE-tai
Translations: prophets, (to) prophets, (of) prophets
Notes: This word refers to individuals who speak on behalf of God or a deity, often foretelling future events or delivering divine messages. In Koine Greek, it is a masculine noun. The form 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΑΙ' is the plural form, which can function as nominative (the subject of a sentence), dative (indicating to whom or for whom something is done), or vocative (used for direct address).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΛΟΓΟΙ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks before' or 'one who speaks for' (another).
G4296
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pro-kay-RYX-an-tes
Translations: having proclaimed, having preached, having announced, having published
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'κηρύσσω' (kēryssō), meaning 'to proclaim' or 'to preach,' with the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'in advance.' Therefore, it means 'having proclaimed beforehand' or 'having announced in advance.' It describes an action that has been completed prior to another event, and it functions as an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΙΛΑΝΤΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1660
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-LEH-oo-sin
Translations: coming, arrival, a coming, an arrival
Notes: This word refers to the act of coming or arriving. It is often used to describe the arrival of a person or an event. For example, it can refer to the coming of Christ or the arrival of a new era.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑ, ΑΦΙΞΙΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G2207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: zay-loh-TAI
Translations: zealots, zealous ones, enthusiasts
Notes: This word refers to individuals who are zealous, ardent, or fervent in their beliefs or actions. It can describe someone who is passionately devoted to a cause, a person, or a way of life. In a historical context, it can refer to members of the Jewish sect known as the Zealots, who were fiercely devoted to Jewish independence from Roman rule.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΚΖΗΛΩΤΑΙ, ΕΠΙΖΗΛΟΙ
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G4625
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: skan-DA-lon
Translations: of stumbling blocks, of offenses, of snares, of traps
Notes: This word refers to a stumbling block, an obstacle, or a cause of offense or sin. It can also mean a snare or a trap, something that causes one to fall or be caught. In a moral or spiritual sense, it refers to anything that leads someone into sin or causes them to abandon their faith.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΔΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑΤΩΝ
G5571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: psyoo-DAH-del-fohn
Translations: of false brothers, of false brethren
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ψεῦδος' (falsehood, lie) and 'ἀδελφός' (brother). It refers to individuals who claim to be brothers or fellow believers but are not genuine, often acting deceitfully or with malicious intent. It is used to describe those who are not true members of a community or faith, despite their outward appearance or claims.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΨΕΥΔΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΩΝ, ΨΕΥΔΟΠΡΟΦΗΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'ψεῦδος' (pseudos), meaning 'falsehood' or 'lie', and 'ἀδελφός' (adelphos), meaning 'brother'. It literally translates to 'false brother'.
G5272
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-KREE-see
Translations: to hypocrisy, in hypocrisy, by hypocrisy, hypocrisy, a hypocrisy
Notes: This word refers to the act of pretending or feigning, often with the intent to deceive. It originally comes from the context of acting or playing a role on stage, hence the idea of putting on a false appearance. In a religious or moral context, it describes a discrepancy between one's outward actions or words and one's true inner beliefs or character.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΛΗΜΨΙΑ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ (hypokrisis) comes from the verb ὑποκρίνομαι (hypokrinomai), meaning 'to answer,' 'to interpret,' and later 'to play a part' or 'to pretend.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under,' and the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide.'
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: feh-RON-tohn
Translations: of those bearing, of those carrying, of those bringing, of those enduring, of those leading, of those producing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'bearing' or 'carrying'. It describes an ongoing action performed by the subject. As a genitive plural form, it typically translates to 'of those who are bearing' or 'of those who are carrying', indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-no-MA
Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority
Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.
G3748
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee-nes
Translations: whoever, whosoever, those who, which
Notes: ΟΙΤΙΝΕΣ is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It refers to a general or indefinite group of people or things, meaning 'whoever' or 'those who'. It is used to introduce a clause that provides additional information about a preceding noun, often implying a characteristic or quality of the group.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙ, ΤΙΝΕΣ
G0643
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-pla-NAH-o-see
Translations: they lead astray, they deceive, they cause to wander, they go astray
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'πλανάω' (to wander, to lead astray). It means to cause someone to wander away from the right path, to lead them into error, or to deceive them. It can also mean to go astray oneself, though the active voice often implies leading others astray. It is used to describe actions that cause moral or spiritual deviation.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΆΩ, ἈΠΑΤΆΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΑΝΆΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb πλανάω (planaō), meaning 'to wander' or 'to lead astray'. The root πλανάω is related to the idea of wandering or being led off course.
G2756
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: keh-NOOS
Translations: empty, vain, without effect, without result, a vain, a resultless
Notes: This word describes something as empty, hollow, or devoid of content. It can refer to physical emptiness, like an empty vessel, or to a lack of substance or meaning, indicating something is vain, useless, or without effect. It is often used to describe actions or efforts that yield no positive outcome.
Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΡΠΟΣ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-poos
Translations: men, people, human beings, humans
Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is often used to distinguish humans from God or from animals. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object, indicating the recipients of an action or the subjects being discussed.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΥΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
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