2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: LOY-pon

Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-roh-TOH-men

Translations: we ask, we question, we request, we entreat

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to question', 'to request', or 'to entreat'. It is used when someone is seeking information, making an inquiry, or expressing a desire or plea. It can be used in various contexts, from simple questions to earnest requests.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΩΤΑΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to ask' or 'to inquire'. It is an ancient Greek verb that has been in use since classical times.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOO-meh

Translations: we call to, we summon, we invite, we exhort, we implore, we comfort, we encourage, we beseech, we appeal to

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call to one's side,' which can encompass a wide range of meanings depending on the context. It can mean to summon, invite, exhort, implore, comfort, encourage, or beseech. It is often used in the sense of urging someone to do something or providing solace and encouragement.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, it literally means 'to call alongside' or 'to call to one's side.'

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TEIN

Translations: to walk, to go, to live, to conduct oneself, to behave

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'περιπατέω'. It literally means 'to walk around' or 'to go about'. Figuratively, it is often used to describe one's way of life, conduct, or behavior, meaning 'to live' or 'to conduct oneself'. It can be used in contexts referring to physical movement or to one's moral and spiritual journey.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΕΣΘΑΙ, ΖΗΝ, ΑΝΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'περιπατέω' is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around', and 'πατέω' (pateō), meaning 'to walk' or 'to tread'.

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TEH-ee-teh

Translations: walk, live, conduct yourselves, behave

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to walk, either literally or metaphorically. In a metaphorical sense, it refers to one's manner of life, conduct, or behavior. It is often used in the New Testament to describe how one should live their life in accordance with certain principles or beliefs.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΖΑΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and πατέω (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk around' or 'to tread about'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4052

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-ee-teh

Translations: you may abound, you may excel, you may be rich, you may have more than enough, you may overflow

Notes: This word means to abound, to be in abundance, to excel, or to have more than enough. It implies a state of having a surplus or being preeminent in something. It can be used to describe a person having an abundance of material possessions, or more commonly in the New Testament, an abundance of spiritual gifts, faith, or good works. It is often used in a hortatory sense, encouraging someone to excel or increase in a particular quality or action.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Subjunctive Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G3852

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-rang-geh-LEE-as

Translations: of command, of instruction, of order, of charge, of a command, of an instruction, of an order, of a charge

Notes: This word refers to a command, instruction, or order given by an authority. It is a compound word derived from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'from beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἀγγελία' (angelia), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'. It is used to denote a specific directive or mandate that is to be followed.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G2307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: the-LEE-mah

Translations: will, desire, purpose, a will, a desire, a purpose

Notes: This word refers to a will, desire, or purpose, often implying a deliberate intention or choice. It can be used to describe the will of God, the will of a person, or a general intention. It is frequently used in contexts relating to divine purpose or human obedience to that purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to will, wish, desire'. It denotes the result or object of willing.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0038

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-gee-as-MOS

Translations: sanctification, a sanctification, holiness, a holiness, consecration, a consecration

Notes: This word refers to the process or state of being made holy or set apart for God's purposes. It implies a separation from common or profane use and a dedication to sacred use. In a theological context, it often refers to the process by which believers are made holy and conformed to the image of Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΤΗΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the verb 'ἁγιάζω' (hagiazo), meaning 'to make holy' or 'to consecrate', which itself comes from 'ἅγιος' (hagios), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'.

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ekh-ES-thai

Translations: to abstain, to keep oneself from, to hold oneself off, to have received in full

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to abstain' or 'to keep oneself from something'. It implies a deliberate act of refraining or holding oneself away from a particular action, substance, or situation. It can also mean 'to have received in full', particularly in the context of payment or reward, indicating that one has completely obtained what was due.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: APO, ECHO, KATECHO

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (ECHO), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold oneself away from' or 'to have from'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-nye

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware

Notes: ΕΙΔΕΝΑΙ is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know'. It is used to express the act of knowing or understanding something, often implying a state of having acquired knowledge or being familiar with a fact or situation. It can function as the object of another verb or in various infinitive constructions.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing as a result of having seen or perceived.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G4632

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEV-os

Translations: vessel, a vessel, instrument, an instrument, article, an article, implement, an implement, jar, a jar, container, a container, goods, equipment

Notes: This word refers to any kind of vessel, implement, or article, often implying something useful or designed for a specific purpose. It can denote a container like a jar or pot, a tool or instrument, or more broadly, any piece of equipment or household good. Its meaning is quite versatile and depends on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΓΕΙΟΝ, ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΟΝ, ΟΡΓΑΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΥΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *skeu-, meaning 'to cover, to conceal'. It is related to words signifying equipment or preparation.

G2932

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ktah-STHAI

Translations: to acquire, to get, to obtain, to possess

Notes: This word means to acquire, get, or obtain something, often implying effort or purchase. It can also mean to possess or own. It is used to express the action of gaining something for oneself.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΠΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word κτάομαι (ktaomai) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ket- meaning 'to acquire, to gain'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the sense of obtaining or possessing.

G0038

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-gee-ahs-MOH

Translations: in sanctification, in holiness, in consecration, to sanctification, to holiness, to consecration

Notes: This word refers to the process of being made holy or set apart for sacred use. It can also refer to the state of holiness or consecration itself. It is often used in a religious context to describe the purification or dedication of a person or thing to God. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the state or process of being made holy.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΤΗΣ, ΑΓΝΕΙΑ

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-may

Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity

Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THEH-ee

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure, to feel

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (pascho), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It indicates an action of suffering or undergoing something, without specifying the subject or tense, often used in conjunction with other verbs. It can refer to both positive and negative experiences, though it often carries the connotation of hardship or pain.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ

Etymology: The verb πάσχω (pascho) comes from an ancient Indo-European root related to feeling or experiencing. It is the root of many English words related to emotion and suffering, such as 'pathos' and 'sympathy'.

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-DOH-tah

Translations: knowing, perceiving, seeing, having known, having seen, having perceived

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'oida', which means 'to know', 'to perceive', or 'to see'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge or has gained understanding through observation or experience. It is often used to indicate a state of having already known or seen something.

Inflection: Participle, Perfect Active, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΑΣ, ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'oida' is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to the English word 'wit' and 'wisdom'.

G5235

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-BAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to go beyond, to transgress, to overstep, to exceed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. It means to go beyond a certain limit, boundary, or rule. It can be used in both a literal sense of physically crossing a line, or more commonly in a figurative sense of transgressing a law, commandment, or moral boundary.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΥΠΕΡΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over, beyond', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'.

G4122

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pleh-oh-nek-TEH-in

Translations: to covet, to exploit, to take advantage of, to defraud, to be greedy

Notes: This word means to have or desire more than one's share, to be greedy, or to take advantage of others. It implies an unfair acquisition or an insatiable desire for more. It can be used in contexts of material gain, but also in a broader sense of seeking an unfair advantage.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΚΕΡΔΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of πλέον (pleon), meaning 'more', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have'. Thus, it literally means 'to have more'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man

Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G1558

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ek-DIK-os

Translations: avenger, one who punishes, a punisher, a vindicator

Notes: This word is a compound word, formed from 'εκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'δικη' (dike), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to someone who carries out justice or punishment, often in the sense of avenging a wrong or vindicating someone. It can be used to describe a person who brings about retribution or acts as an agent of divine justice.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΟΣ, ΚΟΛΑΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the preposition 'εκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the noun 'δικη' (dike), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It literally means 'out of justice' or 'one who proceeds from justice', referring to someone who executes justice or vengeance.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G4280

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EI-pa-men

Translations: we said before, we have said before, we previously said, we foretold

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to say before' or 'to foretell'. It is used to indicate that something has been stated or mentioned earlier in the text or in a previous discussion. It combines the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before', with the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), meaning 'I said'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΜΕΝ, ΠΡΟΕΦΗΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the aorist stem of 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which is the aorist form of 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'.

G1263

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-mar-TOO-rah-meh-tha

Translations: we solemnly testified, we earnestly testified, we solemnly charged, we earnestly charged

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and μαρτύρομαι (martyromai), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. It means to bear witness thoroughly, solemnly, or earnestly, often implying a strong warning or charge. It is used to describe a forceful declaration or testimony.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G167

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-ka-thar-SEE-ah

Translations: uncleanness, impurity, filthiness, a defilement

Notes: This word refers to a state of moral or ritual impurity, often associated with sin or defilement. It describes anything that is unclean, whether physically, ceremonially, or ethically, and is frequently used in the New Testament to denote moral depravity or spiritual corruption.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΑΣΜΟΣ, ΡΥΠΑΡΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, 'not') and 'καθαρός' (katharos, 'clean, pure'). It literally means 'not clean' or 'impurity'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G5105

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: toy-GAR-oon

Translations: therefore, consequently, accordingly, then, so then

Notes: This word is a strong inferential conjunction or adverb, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It is used to introduce a conclusion or result that logically follows from what has just been stated. It emphasizes the consequence of a preceding statement, often indicating a strong logical deduction or a call to action based on prior information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟYΝ, ΔΙΟ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of three particles: τοί (toi, 'indeed'), γάρ (gar, 'for'), and οὖν (oun, 'therefore'). It emphasizes the logical connection between statements.

G0114

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-theh-TON

Translations: rejecting, despising, setting aside, nullifying, making void, disregarding

Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or neuter, genitive plural, or masculine or neuter, nominative singular. It describes the action of someone who is actively rejecting, despising, or setting something aside. It implies a deliberate act of making something invalid or of no effect, or simply disregarding it. For example, it can refer to rejecting a command, a law, or even a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Plural; or Masculine or Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'τιθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. Thus, it literally means 'to not place' or 'to set aside'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-thro-po

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals, or humanity in general. It is often used to distinguish humans from God or animals. It can also refer to a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΘΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ANTHROPOS is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a compound of 'aner' (man) and 'ops' (face, eye), or possibly from 'ana' (up) and 'trepo' (to turn), referring to an upright posture.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-theh-TEH-ee

Translations: rejects, sets aside, makes void, nullifies, despises, disobeys

Notes: This word describes the action of rejecting, setting aside, or making something void. It can also mean to despise or disobey, implying a disregard for authority or an agreement. It is used to indicate a strong refusal or nullification of something previously established or commanded.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΑΘΕΤΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΘΕΤΕΩ (atheteō) is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'θετός' (thetos), meaning 'placed' or 'established'. Thus, it literally means 'to not place' or 'to set aside', indicating a reversal or nullification of something established.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DI-don-TAH

Translations: giving, a giver, an act of giving, to give, to be giving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'didomi', meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state of 'giving'. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'giving' (as an ongoing action), 'the one who gives', or 'by giving'. It often implies the act of bestowing, granting, or delivering something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΔΙΔΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5360

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: phi-la-del-PHI-as

Translations: of brotherly love, of brotherly affection, of love for the brethren, of Philadelphia

Notes: This word refers to brotherly love or affection for one's fellow human beings, especially those in a community or family. It is a compound word formed from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'beloved' or 'friend', and 'ἀδελφός' (adelphos), meaning 'brother'. It can also refer to the city of Philadelphia, which literally means 'city of brotherly love'. As a genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΕΥΝΟΙΑΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-oh-men

Translations: we have, we hold, we possess

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In this specific form, it indicates that 'we' are the ones who have or hold something. It can be used in various contexts to express possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The Greek verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have, to overcome'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G2312

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: theh-oh-di-DAK-toy

Translations: taught by God, God-taught, divinely instructed, those taught by God

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'taught by God' or 'divinely instructed'. It describes individuals who have received instruction or knowledge directly from God, rather than from human teachers. It is used to emphasize the divine source of their understanding or wisdom.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ, ΘΕΟΦΟΡΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΘΕΟΣ (theos), meaning 'God', and ΔΙΔΑΚΤΟΣ (didaktos), meaning 'taught' or 'instructed'. Thus, it literally means 'God-taught'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-ee-teh

Translations: do, make, perform, create, you do, you make

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning to do, make, or perform an action. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of bringing something into existence, carrying out a task, or behaving in a certain way. It is a versatile verb that can take on different nuances depending on the context.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 2nd Person Plural; Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from an ancient root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is related to other Greek words concerning action and creation.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-do-NEE-ah

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: Macedonia refers to a historical region and kingdom located on the Balkan Peninsula in southeastern Europe. It was the homeland of Alexander the Great and played a significant role in ancient history, particularly during the Hellenistic period. In the New Testament, it is mentioned as a region visited by Paul during his missionary journeys.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, likely derived from the word 'μακεδνός' (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants or the mountainous nature of the region.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LOO-men

Translations: we entreat, we implore, we beseech, we exhort, we comfort, we encourage

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. In its present indicative form, it means 'we call alongside', which extends to 'we entreat', 'we implore', 'we beseech', 'we exhort', 'we comfort', or 'we encourage'. It is used to express a strong request, an appeal, or an act of providing solace or motivation.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

G4052

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-een

Translations: to abound, to be over and above, to excel, to be left over, to have in abundance, to overflow

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to have an abundance of something, to be more than enough, or to excel. It can describe a surplus of material possessions, spiritual blessings, or even a superabundance of something negative. It is often used to indicate a state of overflowing or exceeding a certain measure.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

G5389

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fee-loh-tee-MEH-sthai

Translations: to be ambitious, to make it one's ambition, to strive eagerly, to make it one's aim, to make it one's business, to aspire

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from 'φίλος' (philos, meaning 'dear' or 'friend') and 'τιμή' (timē, meaning 'honor' or 'value'). It literally means 'to love honor' or 'to be fond of honor'. In practice, it signifies a strong desire to achieve something, often with a sense of ambition, zeal, or earnest striving. It can be used to describe someone who makes it their personal goal or business to do something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΥΔΑΖΩ, ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ

G2270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-soo-KHAH-zayn

Translations: to be quiet, to be silent, to keep quiet, to live quietly, to be at peace, to cease from work

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to be quiet' or 'to be at rest'. It describes the action of remaining still, refraining from activity or speech, or living a peaceful and tranquil life. It can be used in contexts where someone is commanded or encouraged to stop making noise, to cease from a particular action, or to live without disturbance.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΙΓΑΩ, ΗΡΕΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word Ἡσυχάζω (hēsychazō) is derived from the adjective ἥσυχος (hēsychos), meaning 'quiet', 'still', or 'peaceful'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of rest and tranquility.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAS-sane

Translations: to do, to practice, to perform, to accomplish, to act, to exact, to demand

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to do, to practice, or to perform an action. It can refer to carrying out a task, accomplishing something, or engaging in a particular activity. It can also imply the act of exacting or demanding something, such as payment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to an earlier form meaning 'to pass through' or 'to travel', which evolved to mean 'to accomplish' or 'to do'.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-dee-ah

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, personal, individually, privately, separately, apart

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar,' referring to something belonging to a specific person or group. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'privately,' 'separately,' or 'individually.' As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Plural; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΞΕΧΩΡΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is 'one's own' or 'private.'

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-GAH-zes-thai

Translations: to work, to do, to perform, to labor, to trade, to earn, to accomplish

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ergazomai'. It generally means 'to work' or 'to do' something. It can refer to physical labor, mental effort, or the performance of a task. In some contexts, it can also imply earning a living through work or accomplishing a specific goal. It is often used to describe the act of engaging in an activity or carrying out an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΙΝ, ΠΡΑΤΤΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word 'ergazomai' comes from 'ergon' (ἔργον), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It describes the act of performing or engaging in work.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-ais

Translations: (to) one's own, (to) private, (to) peculiar, (to) personal, (to) separate

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar.' It is used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic belonging to a specific person or group. In this form, it is dative plural, indicating 'to/for their own' or 'by their own' (e.g., 'by their own hands,' 'to their own affairs'). It can refer to things that are distinct, separate, or belonging exclusively to someone.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'ἴδιος' (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one's own.' It is related to the concept of individuality and distinctiveness.

G2156

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-SKHAY-moh-nohss

Translations: properly, becomingly, honorably, decently, decorously

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'euschemon' (ΕΥΣΧΗΜΩΝ), meaning 'well-formed, comely, proper'. As an adverb, it describes an action performed in a proper, becoming, or honorable manner. It suggests doing something with dignity, respect, and good order, often in a way that is socially acceptable or morally upright.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΩΣ, ΠΡΕΠΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΣΧΗΜΟΝΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΥΣΧΗΜΩΝ (euschemon), which is a compound of ΕΥ (eu, meaning 'well') and ΣΧΗΜΑ (schema, meaning 'form, figure, appearance'). Thus, it literally means 'in a good form' or 'well-formed', leading to its sense of propriety and decorum.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-DEH-nos

Translations: of no one, of nothing, of any, of anything

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the pronoun/adjective 'μηδείς' (mēdeis), meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to 'of no one' or 'of nothing' in English. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'no' or 'not any', agreeing in case, number, and gender with the noun it modifies. It is used in negative clauses, often following a negative particle like 'μή' (mē).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: theh-LOH-men

Translations: we want, we wish, we desire, we intend

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to want', 'to wish', 'to desire', or 'to intend'. It is used when a group of people (specifically, 'we') express a desire or intention to do something or for something to happen. For example, 'we want to go' or 'we desire peace'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: The word 'θέλω' (thelo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁-, meaning 'to want, wish'. It is related to other Greek words expressing desire or will.

G2837

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: koy-MOH-meh-nohn

Translations: of those sleeping, of those who sleep, of those who are sleeping

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κοιμάω' (koimaō), meaning 'to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who are sleeping' or 'those who have fallen asleep'. It functions like a noun or adjective, indicating possession or description for multiple individuals in a state of sleep.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Middle/Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΚΑΘΕΥΔΟΝΤΩΝ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, being in a state of, being able to, being, having power

Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine nominative/vocative plural, or feminine nominative/vocative/accusative plural of the verb 'echo'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of having, holding, or possessing something. It can also indicate a state of being or an ability.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Vocative Masculine Plural, or Nominative/Vocative/Accusative Feminine Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-oh-men

Translations: we were believing, we believed, we had faith, we were trusting

Notes: This word is the first person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe,' 'to trust,' or 'to have faith.' The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Therefore, 'ΕΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΜΕΝ' indicates that 'we were believing' or 'we continued to believe' over a period of time in the past, or 'we began to believe' or 'we had faith' in a continuous sense.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: PEITHO, ELPIZO

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: koy-may-THEN-tas

Translations: those who have fallen asleep, those who are sleeping, those who have died

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'those who have fallen asleep' or 'those who have died'. In Koine Greek, 'to sleep' (κοιμάω) is often used as a euphemism for 'to die', especially in the context of believers who have passed away. It describes a state of rest, implying a future awakening or resurrection. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the subject of an infinitive.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΑΣ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word κοιμάω (koimaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kei- meaning 'to lie down, to settle'. It is related to words like 'cemetery' (κοιμητήριον, koimētērion), which literally means 'a sleeping place'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AX-ei

Translations: will come, will go, will lead, will bring, will carry

Notes: This word is a verb, meaning 'will come,' 'will go,' 'will lead,' or 'will bring.' It describes an action of movement or conveyance that will happen in the future. It is often used to indicate the arrival or departure of someone or something, or the act of guiding or transporting.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΥΣΕΤΑΙ, ΗΞΕΙ, ΦΕΡΕΙ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. In Greek, it developed to mean 'to lead, bring, carry, go, come'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G4035

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ree-LEI-po-meh-noi

Translations: those who remain, the ones remaining, the rest, the survivors

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition 'περί' (around, concerning) and the verb 'λείπω' (to leave, to lack). As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the state of remaining or being left over. It often refers to a group of people who are left behind or who survive an event, or simply those who constitute the remainder of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3952

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-oo-SEE-an

Translations: presence, coming, arrival, a presence, a coming, an arrival

Notes: This word refers to the state of being present, an arrival, or a coming. It can denote a physical presence or the act of appearing. It is often used to describe the arrival of a person or an event.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΙΞΙΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It literally means 'being alongside' or 'being present'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G3498

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NEK-roy

Translations: dead, the dead, dead ones

Notes: This word refers to something that is dead, lifeless, or deceased. It can be used as an adjective to describe a dead person or thing, or it can function as a noun to refer to dead people collectively, such as 'the dead'. It is often used in a literal sense concerning physical death, but can also be used metaphorically to describe spiritual deadness or a state of being unresponsive.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΕΣ

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAY-sohn-tai

Translations: they will rise, they will stand up, they will be raised, they will appear

Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'anistemi', meaning 'to cause to rise' or 'to stand up'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, specifically referring to multiple subjects rising or being raised. It can be used in contexts of physical rising, resurrection, or appearing.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΝΑ (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histemi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand up' or 'to raise up'.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, thereupon

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate sequence in time or order. It means 'then' or 'afterward,' showing that one event or action follows another. It can also be used to introduce the next point in a series or argument.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'after,' and the particle εἶτα (eita), meaning 'then.' It signifies a sequential relationship.

G2198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOHN-tes

Translations: living, the living, those who live, those who are alive

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It describes individuals or entities that are currently alive or in a state of living. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are living'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΙ, ΕΝΕΡΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to other Greek words concerning life and vitality.

G4035

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-lee-POH-meh-noy

Translations: remaining, left behind, surviving, those who remain, those who are left

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'περί' (around, concerning) and 'λείπω' (to leave, to lack). It means to be left over, to remain, or to survive. It is often used to describe those who are still alive or present after others have gone or passed away. In the provided context, it refers to those who are still living.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

G0109

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-EH-rah

Translations: air, the air

Notes: This word refers to the air or atmosphere. It is a masculine noun and in this form, it is in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. It is used to describe the space above the earth, the atmosphere, or even the 'upper air' as opposed to the lower atmosphere.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΑΗΡ (aēr) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂weh₁- meaning 'to blow'. It refers to the lower atmosphere, as opposed to the upper atmosphere or 'ether'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-OH-meth-ah

Translations: we will be, we shall be

Notes: This word is a verb, specifically the first person plural future indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It signifies that 'we' (the speaker and others) will exist or will be in a certain state or condition at some point in the future. It is used to express future existence or a future state of being.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Indicative

Etymology: The word ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, indicating existence or state.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LEH-tee

Translations: exhort, comfort, beseech, appeal, encourage, call alongside, implore, entreat

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition "παρά" (para), meaning "alongside" or "by the side of," and the verb "καλέω" (kaleo), meaning "to call." Therefore, the word literally means "to call alongside." Depending on the context, it can mean to call someone to one's side for help or comfort, to encourage them, to appeal to them, or to beseech them. It implies a close, personal interaction.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition "παρά" (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and the verb "καλέω" (kaleo), meaning 'to call'.

G5124