2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-los

Translations: servant, a servant, slave, a slave, bondservant, a bondservant

Notes: The word "δούλος" (doulos) refers to a servant, slave, or bondservant. In ancient Greek society, a δούλος was typically someone who was the property of another, lacking personal rights and serving their master. However, in a religious context, it can also denote a devoted servant of God, emphasizing willing submission and loyalty rather than forced servitude.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word "δούλος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to the concept of being bound or enslaved.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-DEL-fos

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow believer, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers primarily to a male sibling, a brother. However, in a broader sense, it can also denote a fellow human being, a countryman, a kinsman, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is commonly used to address or refer to members of a community or group who share a common bond.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'together' and 'δελφύς' (delphys) meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to siblings.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo

Translations: of Jacob, of James

Notes: This word is a proper noun, referring to the biblical figure Jacob, or in the New Testament context, James. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from James'. For example, 'the brother of James' or 'the house of Jacob'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'aqov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'heel-grabber'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint and was widely used in the New Testament.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G0025

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: ee-gah-pee-MEH-noys

Translations: beloved, loved, dear ones, to the beloved, to the loved ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'agapaō', meaning 'to love'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something as having been loved. In this specific form, it refers to 'those who have been loved' or 'the beloved ones'. It is often used as a term of endearment or address, similar to 'dear friends' or 'beloved brethren' in English.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΙΣ, ΦΙΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'agapaō' (from which 'ēgapēmenois' is derived) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a fundamental term in Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, signifying a deep, unconditional, and often sacrificial love, distinct from other Greek words for love like 'phileō' (brotherly love) or 'eros' (romantic love).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: teh-tay-ray-MEH-noys

Translations: kept, preserved, guarded, observed, a kept one, a preserved one, a guarded one, an observed one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been kept' or 'those who have been kept'. It describes a state of being preserved, guarded, or maintained. It can function as a verb (e.g., 'they have been kept') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'the kept ones'). In the provided context, it refers to those who are preserved or kept by Jesus Christ.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΣΩΖΩ

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, pity, compassion, a mercy

Notes: This word refers to mercy, pity, or compassion, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by one who has the power to help to one who is in need. It signifies an active demonstration of compassion, not just a feeling. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology of 'ΕΛΕΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be an ancient word with no clear connection to other Greek roots. It has been used since Homeric times.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can denote the absence of conflict, a sense of well-being, or even prosperity. It is often used in greetings or farewells, wishing someone well, and can refer to both internal peace and external societal peace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, charity, affection, a love

Notes: This word refers to a specific kind of love, often described as unconditional, benevolent, and self-sacrificing. It is distinct from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (brotherly love). In Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, it denotes a divine or spiritual love, often commanded or exemplified by God. It can be used in sentences to describe the love between God and humanity, between believers, or even love for one's enemies.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of 'agape' is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or derived from a root meaning 'to be fond of'. In classical Greek, it was not a prominent term for love, but it gained significant theological importance in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and the New Testament, where it was chosen to describe God's unique and unconditional love.

G4710

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SPOO-dayn

Translations: haste, a haste, diligence, a diligence, earnestness, an earnestness, zeal, a zeal, eagerness, an eagerness, effort, an effort

Notes: This word refers to quickness, speed, or haste. It can also denote earnestness, diligence, or zealous effort in carrying out a task. It describes the quality of being eager and committed to something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΟΥΔΗ (spoudē) is derived from the verb σπεύδω (speudō), meaning 'to hasten' or 'to be eager'. It reflects the concept of moving quickly or acting with earnestness.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-nos

Translations: making, doing, performing, creating, producing, causing

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle derived from the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous. In the middle voice, it means 'making for oneself' or 'doing for oneself', emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action. In the passive voice, it means 'being made' or 'being done'. It often functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Case

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2839

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: koy-NEES

Translations: (of) common, (of) shared, (of) public, (of) ordinary, (of) a community, (of) a partnership

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective or noun 'ΚΟΙΝΟΣ'. As an adjective, it describes something that is common, shared, public, or ordinary. As a noun, it can refer to a community, a partnership, or something held in common. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΟΥ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ

G0318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAYN

Translations: necessity, a necessity, compulsion, a compulsion, distress, a distress, need, a need

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation, a pressing need, or a difficult situation that forces a certain course of action. It is often used to denote a situation where one is under duress or has no other option.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΒΙΑ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΓΚΗ (anankē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb ἀνάγω (anagō), meaning 'to lead up' or 'to bring back', possibly implying something that brings one back to a necessary state or condition.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-khon

Translations: I had, I held, I possessed, I received, I obtained, I got

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In the aorist tense, it describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. Therefore, 'εσχον' typically translates to 'I had', 'I held', 'I received', or 'I obtained', depending on the context. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'I possessed' or 'I got'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOHN

Translations: comforting, exhorting, encouraging, appealing, entreating, inviting, consoling, a comforter, an exhorter, one who comforts, one who exhorts

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is comforting' or 'one who is exhorting'. It describes an ongoing action of providing comfort, encouragement, or an appeal. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the person performing the action, such as 'the comforter' or 'the one who exhorts'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G1879

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ag-oh-NID-zes-thai

Translations: to contend earnestly, to strive for, to fight for, to struggle for

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'epi' (upon, against, in addition to) and 'agonizomai' (to contend, struggle). It means to contend earnestly, to strive with great effort, or to fight vigorously for something. It implies a strong, intense struggle or competition, often in a spiritual or moral sense, like contending for a belief or truth.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΛΑΙΩ

Etymology: Derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'for', and the verb ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ (agonizomai), meaning 'to contend' or 'to struggle'. The root ΑΓΩΝ (agon) refers to a contest or struggle.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0530

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-pax

Translations: once, once for all, at once, together, all at once

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'once' or 'once for all'. It emphasizes a single, decisive action that is completed and not to be repeated. It can also mean 'at once' or 'together' in certain contexts, indicating simultaneity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΝ, ΕΦΑΠΑΞ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'one' or 'single', and πήγνυμι (pēgnumi), meaning 'to fix' or 'to make firm'. It conveys the idea of something being fixed or done 'once and for all'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-doth-EE-see

Translations: having been delivered, having been handed over, having been betrayed, having been committed, having been entrusted

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'paradidōmi', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', or 'to betray'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that has undergone the action of being delivered or handed over. It indicates a completed action with a continuing result.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Dative

Synonyms: ΔΟΘΕΙΣΗ, ΕΠΙΔΟΘΕΙΣΗ, ΠΡΟΔΟΘΕΙΣΗ

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: AH-gee-oys

Translations: (to) holy, (to) holy ones, (to) saints

Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its sacred quality. When used as a noun, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. In the provided examples, it functions as a noun in the dative plural, indicating a group of 'holy ones' or 'saints' to or among whom an action is directed or a state exists.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tee

Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief, a trust

Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can also denote faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe belief in God or Christ, but also in secular contexts to describe trust or loyalty between people. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the root ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded'. It conveys the idea of being convinced or having confidence in something or someone.

G3921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eis-e-DY-san

Translations: crept in unnoticed, slipped in, stole in, entered secretly

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from three parts: παρά (para, 'alongside, by'), εἰς (eis, 'into'), and δύω (dyo, 'to enter, to sink'). It describes the action of entering or slipping in secretly, stealthily, or unnoticed, often with a negative connotation of illicit or deceptive entry. It implies a subtle and unobserved penetration.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΔΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ΠΑΡΕΙΣΔΥΩ is a compound of three prepositions and a verb. παρά (para) means 'beside, alongside', εἰς (eis) means 'into', and δύω (dyo) means 'to enter, to sink'. The combination suggests a movement that is both alongside and into, implying a subtle or surreptitious entry.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poy

Translations: men, people, human beings

Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is used to distinguish humans from God or from animals. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or object, referring to a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΙ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning 'upward-looking' or 'earth-faced'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G4270

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pro-geh-grap-MEH-noy

Translations: written beforehand, before-written, previously written, foreordained, designated beforehand

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been written beforehand' or 'previously written'. It describes something that was recorded or decreed in advance. It can also refer to people who were designated or marked out beforehand for a particular purpose or judgment.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Plural, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-mah

Translations: judgment, a judgment, condemnation, a condemnation, decision, a decision, sentence, a sentence, punishment, a punishment, justice, a justice

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or sentence, often with the implication of a legal or divine verdict. It can also refer to the act of judging or the outcome of a judgment, including condemnation or punishment. It is used in contexts ranging from legal proceedings to divine decrees.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, separate'. It refers to the result or outcome of judging.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rin

Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks

Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-tah-TEE-then-tes

Translations: changing, transferring, removing, altering, moving, shifting, translating, turning away, deserting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (meta, meaning 'with' or 'after') and 'τίθημι' (tithēmi, meaning 'to place' or 'to put'). It generally means to change the position or state of something, to transfer, remove, or alter. It can also imply a change of allegiance or a desertion. In a sentence, it would describe an action of moving or altering something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

G0720

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ar-NOO-meh-noy

Translations: denying, disowning, rejecting, refusing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, masculine plural, nominative case, derived from the verb 'arneomai'. It describes an action of denying, disowning, or rejecting something or someone. It can be used to describe a group of people who are in the process of denying or have a characteristic of denying. For example, 'those who are denying' or 'they, denying'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'arneomai' is of uncertain origin, possibly from 'a' (negative particle) and 'rheo' (to speak), implying 'to unspeak' or 'to deny what has been said'.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BOO-loh-my

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to intend, to purpose

Notes: This verb expresses a deliberate and considered wish or intention, often implying a choice or purpose. It is used to indicate what someone wants to do or what they intend to happen. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'I wish to go' or 'He intends to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: From the root *βουλ- (boul-), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'. It is related to the noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: SOH-sas

Translations: saving, having saved, delivering, having delivered, preserving, having preserved

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of saving or has already completed the act of saving. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating the action performed by that noun or pronoun.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΕΚΣΩΖΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4100

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pis-TEV-san-tas

Translations: those who believed, having believed, who believed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes individuals who have performed the action of believing or trusting. In this form, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun (often implied) and indicating a past action that has been completed. It is often translated as 'those who believed' or 'having believed'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΑΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-POH-leh-seh

Translations: destroyed, ruined, lost, perished, brought to ruin, caused to perish

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi). It signifies an action completed in the past, indicating that 'he, she, or it' destroyed, ruined, or caused something to perish. It can refer to physical destruction, loss of life, or the complete ruin of something.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΣΕΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΕΝ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: tay-RAY-san-tas

Translations: having kept, those who kept, who kept, having observed, those who observed, who observed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having kept' or 'having observed'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a causal or temporal relationship. In this form, it is masculine or feminine, accusative plural, indicating the direct object of a verb or the subject of an infinitive.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHEN

Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, domain, a domain, first place, a first place, origin, an origin

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΑΡΧΗΝ (ARCHEN), which is the accusative singular form of the noun ΑΡΧΗ (ARCHE). It refers to a beginning, origin, or the first in a series. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, or the person holding such authority (a ruler). In the provided examples, it appears to refer to 'beginning' or 'domain/authority'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to be first' or 'to rule'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G0620

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-po-LEE-pon-tas

Translations: having left, having forsaken, having abandoned, having remained, having been left behind

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'apoleipō', meaning 'to leave behind', 'to forsake', or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate someone who has left something or someone, or something that has been left behind. It implies a completed action of separation or remaining.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, private, peculiar, one's own, a thing of one's own, one's own property, private affairs

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to a person or group, or something that is distinctive or peculiar to them. As an adjective, it modifies a noun to indicate possession or uniqueness. As a noun, it can refer to one's own possessions or private matters.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self'.

G3613

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-kee-TEE-ree-on

Translations: dwelling, a dwelling, habitation, a habitation, abode, a place of abode

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place or habitation, a place where someone or something resides. It can be used to describe a physical house, a tent, or even a spiritual abode. It is a compound word derived from 'οικεω' (to dwell) and the suffix '-τηριον' (place of).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the verb 'οικεω' (to dwell, inhabit) and the suffix '-τηριον', which denotes a place or instrument. It refers to a place of dwelling.

G126

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-DEE-oys

Translations: eternal, everlasting, perpetual

Notes: This word describes something that is without beginning or end, existing for all time. It is often used to refer to God's nature or to the duration of future states, emphasizing an unending quality.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΩΝΙΟΣ, ΑΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'αεί' (aei), meaning 'always' or 'ever', combined with a suffix indicating a quality or state. It refers to that which is perpetual or without end.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2217

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ZOH-fon

Translations: gloom, darkness, a gloom, a darkness

Notes: This word refers to a deep, thick, or murky darkness, often implying a sense of gloom, obscurity, or a place of punishment. It is used to describe a literal absence of light, but also metaphorically for spiritual or moral darkness. It can be used in sentences to describe a state or place of profound obscurity.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΓΝΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'zophos' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to be dark' or 'to be gloomy'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-TAY-ray-ken

Translations: has kept, has observed, has guarded, has preserved

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'τηρέω' (tēreō), meaning 'to keep', 'to observe', 'to guard', or 'to preserve'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It describes someone who has performed the action of keeping or guarding something.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TAS

Translations: them, these, those, her, it, the same

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' (intensive), 'he, she, it, they' (personal pronoun, often emphatic), or 'the same' (demonstrative). In this specific inflected form, it is the accusative plural feminine, meaning it refers to multiple feminine objects or persons as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can be translated as 'them' (feminine), 'these' (feminine), or 'those' (feminine).

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G1608

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-por-NEV-sa-sai

Translations: having committed fornication, having prostituted themselves, having been unfaithful

Notes: This word describes the act of committing fornication or engaging in prostitution, often with a strong connotation of spiritual unfaithfulness or idolatry, especially when used metaphorically in religious texts. It implies a departure from loyalty or purity. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, performed by the subject.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΝΕΥΩ, ΜΟΙΧΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πορνεύω (porneuo), meaning 'to commit fornication' or 'to prostitute'. The root πορνεύω is derived from πόρνη (porne), meaning 'prostitute'.

G4295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-KEE-tai

Translations: are set forth, are placed before, lie before, are proposed, are presented

Notes: This word is likely a misspelling or a variant of the Koine Greek verb 'ΠΡΟΚΕΙΤΑΙ' (prokeitai), which means 'it lies before' or 'it is set forth'. It describes something that is presented, proposed, or placed in view, often for consideration or as an example. It is used to indicate that something is evident or available.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΤΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G1164

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEEG-ma

Translations: example, a sample, a specimen, a pattern, a warning, a proof

Notes: This word refers to an example, a sample, or a specimen, often used to illustrate a point or serve as a model. It can also denote a warning or a proof, demonstrating something through a concrete instance.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΔΕΙΓΜΑ, ΤΥΠΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ (DEIKNYMI), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. It refers to something shown or pointed out as an illustration.

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-ros

Translations: of fire, fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-oo

Translations: of eternal, of everlasting, of age-long, of perpetual

Notes: This word describes something that is eternal, everlasting, or pertaining to an age or eon. It signifies a duration that is either without end or of a very long, indefinite period, often referring to a quality rather than just a quantity of time. It is used to describe things like eternal life, eternal glory, or eternal punishment.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΩΝΙΟΣ (aionios) is derived from the noun ΑΙΩΝ (aion), meaning 'age' or 'eon'. It describes that which pertains to or is characteristic of an age or eternity.

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΔΙΚΗΝ (DIKEN). It refers to the concept of justice, judgment, or a penalty. It is often used in the context of divine judgment or the administration of justice, implying a righteous decision or a deserved punishment. It is the accusative singular form of the noun ΔΙΚΗ.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', evolving to denote a custom, right, or judgment.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-oo-sin

Translations: they have, they hold, they possess, they are

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have,' 'to hold,' or 'to possess.' It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to be' or 'to be in a certain state,' often implying possession of a quality or condition. For example, it can describe someone having a disease or a particular characteristic. It is commonly used to indicate ownership or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

G5257

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PEH-khoo-sin

Translations: they hold under, they undergo, they submit, they endure, they suffer, they are liable

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hold under,' 'to undergo,' 'to submit to,' 'to endure,' or 'to suffer.' It can also mean 'to be liable' or 'to be subject to.' It describes an action where someone or something is placed under the authority, influence, or burden of another, often implying submission, endurance, or responsibility.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΑΣΧΩ, ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under,' and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.'

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G1797

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: en-yoop-nee-AH-zoh-men-oy

Translations: dreaming, those who dream, being dreamers, given to dreams

Notes: This word describes someone who is dreaming or is given to dreams. It can refer to the act of experiencing dreams while asleep, or more broadly, to someone who is a 'dreamer' in a figurative sense, perhaps someone who has visions or is deluded by their own fantasies. In the provided context, it likely refers to false teachers who are 'dreaming' or deluded, leading them to defile the flesh, reject authority, and slander glorious ones.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΝΕΙΡΟΠΟΛΕΩ, ΟΝΕΙΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐνύπνιον (enyupnion, "dream"), which comes from ἐν (en, "in") + ὕπνος (hypnos, "sleep"). The verb form means 'to dream' or 'to be in a dream'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AHY-noo-sin

Translations: they defile, they pollute, they stain

Notes: This word means to defile, pollute, or stain something, often in a moral or ritual sense, making it unclean. It is used to describe an action performed by multiple subjects. For example, it can refer to people defiling themselves or others through unholy acts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΚΟΙΝΟΩ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of smearing or staining.

G0114

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-theh-TOO-sin

Translations: they reject, they set aside, they nullify, they make void, they despise, they disannul

Notes: This word is a verb indicating the action of rejecting, setting aside, or nullifying something. It implies a strong dismissal or disregard, often in the sense of making something ineffective or treating it as worthless. It can be used when someone refuses to acknowledge or obey a law, covenant, or authority, or when they treat something with contempt.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΩ, ΑΚΥΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dox-AS

Translations: having glorified, glorifying, honoring, exalting, magnifying

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δοξάζω' (doxazō), meaning 'to glorify' or 'to honor'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates someone or something that has performed the act of glorifying or honoring.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ, ΥΨΟΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1252

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-KREE-noh-meh-noss

Translations: doubting, disputing, judging, discerning, hesitating, wavering, making a distinction, separating, contending

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'διακρίνω'. It describes someone who is in a state of being judged, discerning, or making a distinction. It can also refer to someone who is doubting, hesitating, or disputing, often implying an internal struggle or a lack of firm conviction. In some contexts, it can mean to contend or argue with someone.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΣΤΑΖΩ, ΑΜΦΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

G1256

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-LEH-geh-toh

Translations: he was discussing, he was disputing, he was reasoning, he was conversing, he was preaching

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from διά (dia, 'through, across') and λέγω (legō, 'to speak, to say'). It means to discuss, dispute, reason, or converse with someone. It implies an ongoing or repeated action in the past, often involving a back-and-forth exchange of ideas or arguments. It can be used to describe someone engaging in a dialogue, debating a point, or teaching/preaching by means of discussion.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΕΩ, ΣΥΖΗΤΕΩ

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TOL-may-sen

Translations: he dared, he ventured, he was bold, he had courage

Notes: This word describes an action of daring, venturing, or having the courage to do something. It implies a willingness to take a risk or to act boldly, often in the face of potential danger or opposition. It is typically used to describe a singular male subject performing such an action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΛΜΑΩ (tolmaō) is derived from the noun ΤΟΛΜΑ (tolma), meaning 'courage' or 'daring'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G2008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-TEE-may-seh

Translations: he rebuked, she rebuked, it rebuked, he charged, she charged, it charged, he warned, she warned, it warned

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rebuke,' 'to warn,' or 'to charge.' It is often used in the context of authoritative correction or a strong warning. It can imply a stern reprimand or a command to cease an action. The form provided is a past tense action, indicating that someone (he, she, or it) performed the action of rebuking or warning.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0249

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-LOH-gah

Translations: unreasonable, irrational, senseless, without reason, brute, an animal, a brute beast

Notes: This word describes something or someone lacking reason, intelligence, or speech. It can refer to irrational behavior or, when used as a noun, to animals or 'brute beasts' that do not possess human reason. In the provided context, it is used to describe people acting like 'brute animals'.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΦΩΝΟΣ, ΑΝΟΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Greek 'a' (alpha privative, meaning 'not') and 'logos' (meaning 'reason' or 'word'). Thus, it literally means 'without reason' or 'without word'.

G1987

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-IS-tan-tai

Translations: they know, they understand, they are acquainted with, they are skilled in

Notes: This is the third person plural present indicative form of the verb ἐπίστανται (epistantai), meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes a state of knowing, understanding, or being skilled in something. It can be used to indicate that a group of people possesses knowledge or expertise in a particular area.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G5351

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FTHAY-ron-ty

Translations: they are destroyed, they perish, they are corrupted, they are ruined, they decay

Notes: This word describes the action of being destroyed, perishing, or becoming corrupted. It is used to indicate that something is undergoing a process of decay, ruin, or moral corruption. For example, it can refer to things that are physically decaying or to people whose character is being corrupted.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΝΤΑΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΟΝΤΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΟΝΤΑΙ

G3598

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-DOH

Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail

Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

G2537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KAI-nos

Translations: new, fresh, unprecedented, unheard of

Notes: This word describes something that is new in quality, character, or kind, rather than merely new in time (which would be 'neos'). It implies something fresh, unused, or superior to what existed before. It is used to describe things like a new covenant, a new creation, or new teachings.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (stem form)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ, ΝΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'kainos' is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'freshness' or 'newness'.

G0903

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bah-LAH-ahm

Translations: Balaam

Notes: Balaam is a proper noun referring to a prophet or diviner mentioned in the Old Testament, particularly in the Book of Numbers. He is known for being hired by Balak, king of Moab, to curse the Israelites, but instead, he blesses them. The name is also used in the New Testament to refer to his false teachings or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name Balaam is of Hebrew origin (בִּלְעָם, Bilʻam). Its meaning is debated, but it is often associated with 'devourer' or 'foreigner'.

G3406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-THOO

Translations: of reward, of wage, of pay, of hire, a reward, a wage, pay, hire

Notes: This word refers to a reward, wage, or pay received for work or service. It can also denote the recompense or punishment for actions. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, often indicating possession or association, such as 'with a reward' or 'for a wage'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΘΟΣ (misthos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to payment for labor or service.

G0485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-lo-GEE-ah

Translations: dispute, contradiction, opposition, rebellion, gainsaying, argument

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'dispute,' 'contradiction,' or 'opposition.' It is a compound word formed from 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against,' and 'λογος' (logos), meaning 'word' or 'reason.' It refers to a verbal conflict, a disagreement, or a challenge to authority. It can also imply rebellion or a refusal to obey. In context, it often describes a situation where someone speaks against or opposes another's words or actions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΝΤΙΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek preposition 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against,' and the noun 'λογος' (logos), meaning 'word,' 'speech,' or 'reason.' It literally means 'speaking against' or 'counter-speech,' evolving to denote contradiction or dispute.

G1112

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gong-gy-STAI

Translations: grumblers, murmurers, complainers

Notes: This word refers to people who grumble, murmur, or complain. It describes individuals who express discontent or dissatisfaction, often in a low, continuous voice. It is used to characterize those who are prone to complaining.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΜΨΙΜΟΙΡΟΙ, ΓΟΓΓΥΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΟΓΓΥΣΤΗΣ (gongystēs) is derived from the verb γογγύζω (gongyzō), meaning 'to grumble' or 'to murmur'. It describes one who performs the action of grumbling.

G3202

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mem-psi-MY-roi

Translations: grumblers, faultfinders, complainers

Notes: This word describes someone who is constantly complaining or finding fault. It is a compound word formed from two roots: one meaning 'to blame' or 'to find fault' (memphomai), and the other meaning 'to lament' or 'to murmur' (myromai). Thus, it literally means 'blaming-murmurers' or 'fault-finding complainers'. It is used to characterize individuals who are discontent and express their dissatisfaction frequently.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΟΓΓΥΣΤΗΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΤΗΣ

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH

Translations: and, also, even, but, then, indeed, moreover

Notes: This word is almost certainly a misspelling or a shortened form of the common Koine Greek conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai), which means 'and'. It is used to connect words, phrases, clauses, or sentences, indicating addition, sequence, or contrast. It can also emphasize a preceding word, translating as 'even' or 'also'. In some contexts, it can introduce a new thought or a consequence, similar to 'then' or 'indeed'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΤΕ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ (kai), from which ΚΑ is likely derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to connect elements.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: por-YOO-meh-noy

Translations: going, walking, traveling, journeying, those who are going, those who are walking

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an ongoing action of movement. It can be used to refer to individuals who are in the process of moving from one place to another, often implying a journey or a specific direction. For example, it might describe 'those who are going' or 'people who are walking'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pice

Translations: to love, for love, by love, with love, in love, loves, acts of love, charities

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'agape' (love). It refers to divine, unconditional love, often associated with God's love for humanity or the love commanded of Christians for one another. In this form, it indicates the plural dative case, meaning 'to/for loves/acts of love/charities', or the plural nominative/accusative case, meaning 'loves/acts of love/charities'. It can also be the plural dative case, meaning 'to/for loves/acts of love/charities'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative or Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

G4694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: spee-LAH-des

Translations: hidden rocks, reefs, stains, blemishes, a hidden rock, a reef, a stain, a blemish

Notes: This word refers to rocks, especially those hidden under water or near the surface, posing a danger to ships. It can also be used metaphorically to describe moral blemishes or stains on character, particularly in a context where they are a source of danger or defilement. In a sentence, it might describe treacherous features of a coastline or moral failings within a community.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ, ΚΗΛΙΣ

Etymology: The word σπιλάς (spilas) is derived from σπίλος (spilos), meaning 'spot' or 'stain', and also relates to rocks or reefs. Its meaning evolved to encompass both physical dangerous rocks and metaphorical moral blemishes.

G870

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-FOH-bos

Translations: fearlessly, without fear, boldly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'without fear' or 'fearlessly'. It describes an action performed with courage and confidence, indicating an absence of apprehension or timidity. It is often used to describe preaching or acting with boldness in the face of opposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ, ΘΑΡΡΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΦΟΒΩΣ (aphobōs) is derived from the adjective ΑΦΟΒΟΣ (aphobos), meaning 'fearless'. It is formed by combining the privative alpha (α-) meaning 'without' and ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos), meaning 'fear'.

G0492

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NY-droi

Translations: waterless, dry, without water

Notes: This word describes something that is without water or dry. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'αν-' (an-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'υδρος' (hydros), meaning 'water'. It is used to describe places, sources, or conditions lacking water.

Inflection: Nominative Masculine Plural, Vocative Masculine Plural, Nominative Feminine Plural, Vocative Feminine Plural, Nominative Neuter Plural, Accusative Neuter Plural

Synonyms: ΞΗΡΟΙ, ΕΡΗΜΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ' is derived from the Greek privative prefix 'αν-' (an-), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'υδρος' (hydros), meaning 'water'.

G3869

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pa-ra-fe-RO-me-nai

Translations: being carried away, being driven, being led astray, being swept along

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'para' (alongside, beyond) and 'pherō' (to carry, to bear). It describes something or someone being carried or driven alongside, beyond, or away by an external force, often implying being swept along or led astray. It can be used to describe objects or people that are unstable or easily influenced.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Feminine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΑΙ, ΕΚΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΦΕΡΩ is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside, by, along', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry, to bear'.

G0175

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KAR-pah

Translations: unfruitful, barren, unproductive, without fruit

Notes: This word describes something that does not bear fruit, either literally (like a barren tree) or figuratively (like actions or efforts that yield no positive results). It is often used to describe a lack of spiritual or moral productivity.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative; or Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΑΓΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (alpha privative, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'καρπός' (karpos), meaning 'fruit'. Thus, it literally means 'without fruit'.

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NON-tah

Translations: dead, having died, having been dead, one who died, one who has died

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to die'. It describes someone or something that has died or is dead. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who died' or 'those who died'. In the provided context, it refers to individuals who have died for a cause.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΑ, ΝΕΚΡΟΝ

G1610

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-ree-ZO-then-tah

Translations: uprooted, having been uprooted, plucked up, rooted out

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'ekrizoo', meaning 'to uproot' or 'to pluck up by the roots'. It describes something that has been completely removed from its foundation or origin. It is often used metaphorically to describe the complete destruction or removal of something, like a plant being pulled out of the ground.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ekrizoo' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ek' (meaning 'out of' or 'from') and 'rizoo' (meaning 'to root' or 'to cause to take root'), which itself comes from 'riza' (meaning 'root'). Thus, it literally means 'to root out'.

G0093

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gree-ah

Translations: wild, savage, fierce, untamed, uncultivated, a wild (animal)

Notes: This word describes something that is wild, untamed, or uncultivated, often referring to animals or plants found in nature rather than domesticated or farmed. It can also describe a person's disposition as fierce or savage. In the provided context, it refers to 'wild animals'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΙΟΣ, ΘΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From ancient Greek, derived from 'ἀγρός' (agros), meaning 'field' or 'countryside', indicating something belonging to or found in the wild, uncultivated land.

G1889

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-af-RI-zon-tah

Translations: foaming, frothing, casting up foam, throwing up foam

Notes: This word describes the action of something that is foaming or frothing, like waves casting up foam. It is often used metaphorically to describe people who are agitated or who are producing something vile or shameful, much like dirty foam. It is the present active participle of the verb 'epaphrizo'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΡΙΖΟΝΤΑ, ΕΚΦΥΣΩΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΦΡΙΖΩ (epaphrizo) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ἀφρίζω (aphrizo), meaning 'to foam' or 'to froth'.

G0261

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ai-SKHY-nas

Translations: shamed, disgraced, put to shame, confounded

Notes: This word describes the act of causing someone to feel shame or disgrace, or to be put to shame oneself. It can also refer to being confounded or disappointed. It is often used in contexts where someone's expectations are not met, leading to a feeling of humiliation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular; or Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural; or Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ

G4107

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: plah-NEE-tai

Translations: wanderers, vagabonds, deceivers

Notes: This word refers to those who wander or roam, often without a fixed home or direction. It can also describe those who lead others astray or deceive them, reflecting the root meaning of 'to wander' or 'to be led astray'. In a sentence, it might describe people who are exiled or displaced, or those who spread error.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΟΙ, ΑΛΗΤΑΙ, ΠΛΑΝΩΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΛΑΝΗΣ (planēs) comes from the verb ΠΛΑΝΑΩ (planaō), meaning 'to wander', 'to go astray', or 'to lead astray'. It describes someone who is characterized by wandering or causing others to wander.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G2217

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ZOH-fos

Translations: gloom, darkness, deep darkness, a gloom, a darkness

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep darkness or gloom, often implying a sense of obscurity, obscurity, or a place of punishment. It is used to describe a profound and oppressive darkness, more intense than ordinary night. It functions as a noun in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΓΝΟΦΟΣ, ΑΧΛΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΖΟΦΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to words meaning 'darkness' or 'twilight' in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: te-TAY-ree-tai

Translations: it has been kept, it has been guarded, it has been observed, it has been preserved

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'τηρέω' (tēreō). It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It means 'it has been kept' or 'it has been guarded,' indicating that something has been maintained, preserved, or observed.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΕΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G0001

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AH-dam

Translations: Adam, of Adam

Notes: This word refers to Adam, the first man created by God according to the biblical account. The apostrophe at the end (keraia) indicates that it is being used as a numeral, representing the number 1, or it could be a coronis indicating an elision, though in this context, it is most likely a proper noun with a keraia or simply a scribal mark. In the provided examples, it functions as a proper noun, often in the genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive

Etymology: The name Adam comes from the Hebrew word 'adamah', meaning 'ground' or 'earth', reflecting the biblical account of Adam being formed from the dust of the ground.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-then

Translations: he came, she came, it came, he went, she went, it went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he/she/it came' or 'he/she/it went'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes a completed action of movement in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΕΝ, ΕΒΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hah-GHEE-ohn

Translations: of holy ones, of saints, of holy things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'hagios', meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used substantively, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. It describes something belonging to or associated with those who are set apart for God or dedicated to a sacred purpose. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the words of the holy ones' or 'the temple of holy things'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ, ΚΑΘΑΡΩΝ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-TOH

Translations: altogether, entirely, by all means, in every way

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As an adverb, 'παντῶ' means 'altogether' or 'entirely', indicating completeness or totality in an action or state. It can also mean 'by all means' or 'in every way', emphasizing a comprehensive manner.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΛΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΕΛΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'πᾶς' (pas), from which 'παντῶ' is derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G1651

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LEGK-sai

Translations: to convict, to rebuke, to reprove, to expose, to correct, to bring to light, to show to be guilty

Notes: This word describes the act of bringing someone's fault or guilt to light, often with the intention of correction or conviction. It can mean to expose, rebuke, or prove someone wrong, making their error evident. It is used in contexts where a person is called to account for their actions or beliefs.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΚΑΤΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΕΛΕΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἐλέγχω' (elegchō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἔλεγχος' (elenchos), meaning 'a proof' or 'a refutation'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, suggesting an ancient root related to showing or proving.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-lay-san

Translations: they spoke, they said, they talked, they declared, they preached

Notes: The word ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ (laleō). This verb generally means 'to speak,' 'to say,' or 'to talk.' It can refer to uttering sounds, speaking a language, or engaging in conversation. In a broader sense, it can also mean to declare, proclaim, or preach, especially in a religious context. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past, so ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ means 'they spoke' or 'they said' as a definite, completed event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0268

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-TOH-loy

Translations: sinners, the sinners

Notes: This word refers to people who are sinners, those who miss the mark or fail to meet a standard, especially in a moral or religious sense. It is often used to describe individuals who are morally corrupt or estranged from God due to their actions.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek word 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin', combined with the suffix '-ωλός' (-ōlos), which indicates a person characterized by the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who sins' or 'sinful'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah

Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance

Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LEH

Translations: speak, talk, say, tell, utter

Notes: This word means to speak or talk, often referring to the act of uttering sounds or words, or engaging in conversation. It can also mean to declare or tell something. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of verbal communication.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular OR Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering.

G5246

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-per-ON-gah

Translations: excessive, arrogant, boastful, great swelling, pompous, extravagant, arrogant things, boastful things

Notes: This word describes something that is excessively large, overbearing, or arrogant. It is often used to characterize words or actions that are boastful, pompous, or extravagant, implying a sense of pride or self-importance that goes beyond what is appropriate.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΑ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΑ, ΚΑΥΧΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over, above, beyond', and 'ὄγκος' (onkos), meaning 'bulk, mass, swelling'. Thus, it literally means 'over-swelling' or 'excessively bulky'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SOH-pah

Translations: faces, countenances, presences, persons, appearances

Notes: This word refers to faces, countenances, or presences. It can also denote a person or an outward appearance. In a broader sense, it can refer to the surface of something. It is the plural form of the noun 'prosopon'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΕΙΔΗ, ΥΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'prosopon' is a compound word formed from 'pros' (πρός), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ops' (ὤψ), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It originally referred to the part of the face that is seen, then extended to mean the face itself, and later a person or presence.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MNEES-thay-teh

Translations: remember, call to mind, be mindful of, think of

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is often used in the imperative mood, commanding someone or a group of people to recall something. It can also mean to be mindful of or to think of something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Middle/Passive Voice, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΛΕΤΑΩ

Etymology: From the root μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of'. It is related to the concept of memory and recollection.

G4487

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HRAY-mah-tohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of things, of matters, of utterances

Notes: This is a noun referring to a word, a saying, an utterance, or a thing/matter. It is often used to denote something spoken or declared, or a specific item or concept. In the provided context, it appears to be used in reference to 'money' or 'funds', which is an unusual but attested meaning for the plural form, referring to 'matters' or 'things' (in this case, financial matters/things).

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΩΝ, ΕΠΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ῥῆμα (rhēma) comes from the verb ἐρέω (ereō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to that which is spoken or said.

G4280

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ee-ray-MEH-non

Translations: of the aforementioned, of the aforesaid, of the previously mentioned, of the things said before

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said beforehand' or 'previously mentioned'. It is used to refer to things, statements, or people that have already been spoken about or referred to earlier in the text or conversation. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often translated as 'the aforementioned' or 'the aforesaid'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΩΝ

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TOH-lohn

Translations: of apostles, apostles'

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'apostolos', meaning 'apostle' or 'messenger'. It refers to a group of individuals who are sent out with a specific message or mission, particularly the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of apostles' or 'apostles''. For example, 'the teaching of the apostles' or 'the churches of the apostles'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΩΝ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noo

Translations: (of) time, time

Notes: This word refers to time, a period, or a season. It is a masculine noun and is used to denote a duration or a specific point in time. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship of origin, such as 'of time' or 'belonging to time'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since Homeric times. It refers to sequential, measurable time.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LEF-son-tai

Translations: they will come, they will go

Notes: This is a future tense form of the verb 'erchomai', meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, performed by a plural subject. It is often used to describe movement towards or away from a place or state.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΗΞΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'erchomai' (from which 'eleusontai' is derived) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G0763

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEH-bi-oh

Translations: ungodliness, impiety, unrighteousness, wickedness

Notes: This word refers to a state of ungodliness or impiety, characterized by a lack of reverence or respect for God. It describes actions or attitudes that are contrary to divine law or moral principles, often implying a deliberate disregard for religious or ethical duties. It is used to describe a general state of wickedness or unrighteousness.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not') and 'σεβω' (sebo, meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere'). Thus, it literally means 'not worshipping' or 'not revering'.

G0669

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ah-po-dee-oh-REE-zon-tes

Translations: separating, distinguishing, making distinctions, causing divisions

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἀποδιορίζω' (apodiorizō). It describes an action of separating, distinguishing, or drawing a boundary between things or people. It can imply causing divisions or creating distinct categories. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing how an action is performed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΧΩΡΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἀποδιορίζω' (apodiorizō) is a compound verb formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'διορίζω' (diorizō), meaning 'to define', 'to distinguish', or 'to separate by boundaries'. The latter part, 'διορίζω', comes from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'ὁρίζω' (horizō), meaning 'to limit' or 'to define a boundary', which itself is from 'ὅρος' (horos), meaning 'boundary' or 'limit'. Thus, the compound word signifies a strong sense of setting apart or defining distinct boundaries.

G5591

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: psee-khee-KOY

Translations: natural, sensual, unspiritual, worldly, natural ones, sensual ones

Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to the soul (ψυχή), often in contrast to the spirit (πνεῦμα). It refers to that which is governed by the natural, unregenerate human faculties, rather than by divine influence or the Holy Spirit. It can describe people who are focused on worldly desires or natural instincts, lacking spiritual understanding.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΚΙΚΟΙ, ΚΟΣΜΙΚΟΙ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, being in a state of, being able to, being, having power

Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine nominative/vocative plural, or feminine nominative/vocative/accusative plural of the verb 'echo'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of having, holding, or possessing something. It can also indicate a state of being or an ability.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Vocative Masculine Plural, or Nominative/Vocative/Accusative Feminine Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G2026

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-oy-ko-do-MOON-tes

Translations: building upon, building on, building up, edifying

Notes: This word describes the action of building upon something, often in a metaphorical sense, such as building upon a foundation or building up a person's faith or character. It implies a continuous process of construction or edification. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon) and 'oikodomeo' (to build a house, to build).

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: PNEE

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word fragment "ΠΝΙ" is not a complete word in Koine Greek. It appears to be a truncation or a misspelling. Based on the provided examples, it likely relates to verbs derived from the root "πνέω" (to breathe, blow) or "πνίγω" (to choke, drown). For instance, "ἀποπνίγω" means to choke or drown, and "πνεῦμα" means spirit or breath. Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and function are unclear. It could also potentially be an abbreviation or a part of a compound word.

Inflection: Unknown

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-DEKH-oh-men-oy

Translations: waiting for, expecting, looking for, receiving, welcoming

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb 'δέχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to welcome.' As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb of the sentence. It conveys the sense of actively waiting for something or someone, or of being ready to receive or welcome them. It can be used to describe a state of anticipation or readiness.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on

Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual, an eternal thing, an everlasting thing

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age (αἰών), often implying endless duration or a specific period. It can refer to something that is without end, or something that belongs to a particular age or epoch. It is frequently used to describe the nature of God, life, or punishment, emphasizing their enduring quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-AH-teh

Translations: have mercy, show mercy, pity, have compassion

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'eleaō' (or 'eleeō'), meaning 'to have mercy' or 'to pity'. It describes the act of showing compassion or kindness towards someone, often in a situation of distress or need. It is used to express a deep sense of empathy and a desire to alleviate suffering.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'eleaō' (or 'eleeō') is derived from the noun 'eleos' (ἔλεος), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'.

G1252

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-kree-NO-meh-noos

Translations: disputing, doubting, judging, discerning, making a distinction, separating, wavering, those who are disputing, those who are doubting, those who are judging, those who are discerning, those who are making a distinction, those who are separating, those who are wavering

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diakrino'. It generally means to separate, distinguish, judge, discern, or to doubt and waver. It can describe someone who is in a state of internal conflict or indecision, or someone who is making a judgment or distinction between things. It is often used to describe those who are disputing or wavering in their faith or conviction.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΔΙΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

G0726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ar-PAH-zon-tes

Translations: snatching, seizing, plundering, carrying off, taking by force, robbing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'snatching' or 'seizing'. It describes an action of taking something quickly, forcefully, or violently, often implying robbery or plunder. It can be used to describe people who are actively engaged in such an act, as in 'the ones snatching' or 'those who seize'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G5401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-boh

Translations: (to) fear, (to) dread, (to) reverence, (to) awe, fear, dread, reverence, awe, a fear, a dread

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos), meaning 'fear', 'dread', 'reverence', or 'awe'. In the dative case, it often indicates the means by which something is done, or the object to which the fear is directed. For example, it can be translated as 'by fear' or 'with fear', or 'to fear' when used with verbs that imply an object of fear or reverence. It can also denote the state of being in fear or awe.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'. It is related to verbs of fleeing and being put to flight.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mee-SOON-tes

Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'those who hate'. It describes an ongoing action of strong dislike or enmity towards someone or something. It can function adjectivally to describe people who hate, or substantively as 'those who hate'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'those who hate the good'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G5509

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-TOH-nah

Translations: tunic, a tunic, coat, a coat, garment, a garment

Notes: This word refers to a tunic or an undergarment, typically worn close to the body. It was a common piece of clothing in ancient times, often made of linen or wool, and could be worn by both men and women. It is used in sentences to describe an item of clothing that is worn or removed.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΙΤΩΝ (chitōn) is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a Phoenician or Aramaic term, referring to a type of garment.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-noh

Translations: being able, able, powerful, one who is able, (to) one who is able, (to) the one being able

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently able or powerful. It can be translated as 'being able' or 'one who is able', often indicating capability or potential.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-khoos

Translations: they have received in full, they have their reward, they are distant, they are far off

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἀπέχω' (apechō), meaning 'to have in full, to receive in full, to be distant from, to be far off'. In the context of receiving, it often implies having received something completely, such as a reward or payment, leaving nothing further to be expected. In the context of distance, it means to be separated or removed from something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Etymology: The word 'ἀπέχω' (apechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: STAY-sai

Translations: to stand, to set, to establish, to appoint, to make to stand

Notes: ΣΤΗΣΑΙ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It means 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand,' and can also convey the sense of 'to set,' 'to establish,' or 'to appoint.' As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to' + verb, indicating purpose or result, and can be used in various grammatical constructions.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand.' It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with many derivatives and compounds.

G2714

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: kah-teh-NO-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of

Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'in the presence of' or 'before'. It is used to indicate a position or state of being directly in front of someone or something, often implying observation or accountability. It combines the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', with 'ἐνώπιον' (enopion), meaning 'in the sight of' or 'before'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the adverb ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ (enopion), meaning 'in the sight of' or 'before'. ΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ itself is derived from ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in', and ΩΨ (ops), meaning 'face' or 'eye'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-sah

Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty

Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.

G3172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-gah-loh-SOO-nee

Translations: greatness, majesty, magnificence, a greatness, a majesty, a magnificence

Notes: This word refers to the quality or state of being great, majestic, or magnificent. It is often used to describe the supreme power, dignity, and splendor of God, emphasizing His exalted nature. It can be used in sentences to express the grandeur or eminence of someone or something, particularly in a theological context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΥΨΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΑΛΩΣΥΝΗ is derived from the adjective μέγας (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. It describes the quality of being great or magnificent.

G2904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KRAH-toss

Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength

Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-ah

Translations: authority, power, right, jurisdiction, control, a right, a power

Notes: This word refers to the right or privilege to act, the power to govern or control, or the authority to make decisions. It can denote delegated authority, inherent power, or freedom of choice. It is often used in contexts of legal or moral right, or the ability to exercise dominion over something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is permitted' or 'it is possible'. It combines the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb εἶναι (einai), meaning 'to be'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G0165

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nas

Translations: age, an age, eternity, forever, world, a world, course, a course

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, which can be an age, an era, or even eternity. It can also refer to the world or the present order of things. Its meaning often depends on the context, sometimes denoting a long, indefinite period, and at other times a specific, defined epoch. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΩΝ (aion) comes from an ancient root meaning 'living' or 'vital force', evolving to denote a lifetime, then an age, and eventually eternity. It is related to the concept of continuous existence.

G0281