Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews / Book 11 / Chapter 2Book 11, Chapter 2
Interlinear version from Josephus' Antiquities of the Jews (Beta)
G0906
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: bal-lo-MEH-non
Translations: of those being thrown, of those being cast, of those being put, of those being laid
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ballō', meaning 'to throw', 'to cast', 'to put', or 'to lay'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or in progress. In this form, it refers to 'those who are being thrown/cast/put/laid', indicating a passive or middle voice action affecting multiple entities.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Genitive Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender
Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΒΑΛΛΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to throw' or 'to strike'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G2310
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-MEH-lee-oos
Translations: foundations, a foundation
Notes: This word refers to the base or substructure upon which something is built, such as a building or a city. It can also be used figuratively to refer to the fundamental principles or beginnings of something. In the provided context, it refers to the physical foundations of a house or temple.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΣ, ΥΠΟΒΑΘΡΟΝ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo
Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples
Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEE-an
Translations: building, a building, edification, construction
Notes: This word refers to the act or process of building or constructing something, such as a house or a temple. It can also be used metaphorically to mean edification or spiritual building up, referring to the improvement or instruction of a person's character or faith. In the provided context, it refers to the physical construction of the temple.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΙΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G3029
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: LEE-ahn
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely
Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
G4704
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: es-poo-da-KO-ton
Translations: of those who have been diligent, of those who have been eager, of those who have made haste, of those who have been earnest
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'σπουδάζω'. It describes a state of having been diligent, eager, or having made haste. It functions adjectivally, modifying a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΝ, ΤΑΧΕΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4000
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PEH-rix
Translations: around, all around, round about, nearby, neighboring
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'around' or 'all around'. It describes something that is located in the vicinity or on all sides of a particular point or object. It can refer to a physical location or a general area.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΩ, ΠΕΡΙ
Etymology: From the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', with the adverbial suffix -ξ.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nay
Translations: nations, peoples, Gentiles
Notes: This word refers to groups of people, tribes, or nations. In a biblical context, especially in the New Testament, it often refers to non-Israelite peoples, commonly translated as 'Gentiles'. It can be used generally to mean any group of people.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΙ
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khoo-THAI-ohn
Translations: of the Cuthaeans, of the Cuthites
Notes: This word refers to the Cuthaeans or Cuthites, a people mentioned in ancient texts, particularly in relation to the history of Israel. They were a group of people brought by the Assyrian king Shalmaneser to settle in Samaria after the Israelites were exiled. The term is used to identify their ethnicity or origin.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name is derived from Cuthah (or Cutha), an ancient city in Mesopotamia, which was one of the places from which the Assyrians brought people to settle in Samaria.
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4067
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: per-SEE-doss
Translations: of Persia
Notes: This word refers to the country of Persia. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Persia' or 'belonging to Persia'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G3370
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: may-dee-KAYS
Translations: (of) Median, (of) Persian
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Median' or 'Persian', referring to something belonging to or originating from Media or Persia. It is used to describe things related to the Medes or Persians, such as their land, people, or customs.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0071
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-gah-GOHN
Translations: leading, bringing, taking, having led, having brought, having taken
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ago', meaning 'to lead, bring, or take'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it generally means 'having led', 'having brought', or 'having taken', indicating a completed action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'ago' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, or move'. It is related to words in various Indo-European languages that convey the idea of leading or moving.
G4520
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Sal-ma-NAS-sar-ays
Translations: Shalmaneser
Notes: This is the name of an Assyrian king, specifically Shalmaneser V, who reigned from 727 to 722 BC. He is known for his siege of Samaria, which led to the fall of the Northern Kingdom of Israel.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Shalmaneser' is of Akkadian origin, derived from 'Shulmanu-ashared', meaning 'Shulmanu (a god) is foremost'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G0784
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ass-SYR-ee-ohn
Translations: of Assyria, of the Assyrians, Assyrian
Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Assyria or the Assyrian people. It is used to describe things originating from or associated with the ancient kingdom of Assyria, or to refer to the people themselves. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating its origin or association, or be used substantively to refer to the people.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Ashshur' (H0804), referring to Assyria or an Assyrian.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS
Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign
Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.
G2730
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-toh-KEE-sen
Translations: settled, caused to dwell, inhabited, colonized
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to settle, to cause someone to dwell in a place, or to colonize. It implies establishing a residence or a community in a new location. It is often used in contexts where people are moved or established in a new area.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G4540
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-yah
Translations: Samaria
Notes: Samaria refers to both a city and a region in ancient Palestine, located in the central part of the land of Israel. It was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel after the division of the united monarchy. The people of Samaria, known as Samaritans, had a complex relationship with the Jews.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It was named after Shemer, the owner of the hill on which the city was built by King Omri.
G3753
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-teh
Translations: when, whenever, at which time
Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2475
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: is-rah-ee-LEE-tohn
Translations: of Israelites
Notes: This word refers to the descendants of Jacob, who was renamed Israel, or to the inhabitants of the ancient kingdom of Israel. It is used to denote a member of the nation of Israel. This word is a derivative of 'Israel'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΩΝ, ΙΟΥΔΑΙΩΝ
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-on
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation, multitude, a multitude
Notes: This word refers to a group of people, a nation, or a multitude. It is a masculine noun and is often used to describe the general populace or a specific ethnic group. In the given form, it is used as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G0382
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-NAH-stah-ton
Translations: overthrown, desolate, laid waste, destroyed, a destroyed, a desolate
Notes: This word describes something that has been overthrown, laid waste, or made desolate. It is often used to describe places or cities that have been destroyed or left in ruins, indicating a state of complete disruption or devastation. It can also refer to people who are unsettled or driven from their homes.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΣΚΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-sen
Translations: he made, he did, she made, she did, it made, it did
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action completed in the past. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from creating something (like God making the sea) to performing an action (like someone doing something for themselves).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G3870
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-eh-ka-LOON
Translations: they were calling alongside, they were exhorting, they were comforting, they were appealing to, they were entreating, they were encouraging
Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were calling someone to their side,' 'they were exhorting,' 'they were comforting,' 'they were appealing to,' or 'they were encouraging.' It implies a continuous or habitual action of summoning, urging, or consoling.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΣΙΝ
Etymology: The word παρακαλέω is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to call to one's side.'
G4523
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-TRAH-pass
Translations: satrap, a satrap
Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Persian empire. The term was also used for governors of other ancient empires, such as the Babylonian empire. It refers to a high-ranking official appointed by a king to administer a region.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ
Etymology: The word "satrap" is of Old Persian origin, derived from "xšaθrapāvan", meaning "protector of the province" or "protector of the kingdom". It entered Greek through contact with the Persian Empire.
G1959
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: eh-pee-meh-loo-MEH-noos
Translations: taking care of, caring for, looking after, attending to, having charge of
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to take care of' or 'to have charge of'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in supervising, managing, or attending to something or someone. It implies a sense of responsibility and diligent oversight.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΜΕΛΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, over') and μέλω (melō, 'to be a care, to be an object of concern'). It signifies having care or concern over something.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: em-po-DI-zane
Translations: to hinder, to impede, to obstruct, to prevent
Notes: This word means to place obstacles in the way of someone or something, thereby preventing their progress or action. It describes the act of creating a barrier or difficulty that stops or slows down an activity or movement. It can be used in contexts where someone is trying to stop another person from doing something, or when circumstances are making it difficult for something to happen.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ἘΜΦΡΑΤΤΩ, ἈΝΑΚΟΠΤΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and ΠΟΔΙΖΩ (podizo), meaning 'to trip' or 'to shackle', which comes from ΠΟΥΣ (pous), meaning 'foot'. Thus, it literally means 'to put a foot in the way' or 'to shackle the feet'.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is used to denote the Jewish people collectively or individually. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the focus of a statement.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5037
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle
Sounds like: TEH
Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-leh-ohs
Translations: (of) a city, (of) the city, city, a city
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'town'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of a city' or 'of the city'. For example, 'the walls of the city' or 'the people of the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΣΤΥ, ΚΩΜΗ
G0386
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-STA-sin
Translations: resurrection, rising, a resurrection, a rising
Notes: This word refers to a 'rising up' or 'standing up'. It is most commonly used in the context of a 'resurrection' from the dead, particularly the resurrection of Jesus Christ or the general resurrection of the dead. It can also refer to a general 'rising' or 'standing up' in other contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΒΑΣΙΣ
G2682
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-OOH-ayn
Translations: preparation, a preparation, construction, a construction, building, a building, equipment, an equipment, furnishing, a furnishing
Notes: This word refers to the act or process of preparing, constructing, or equipping something. It can denote the finished product of such an activity, like a building or a set of furnishings. It is often used in contexts related to the creation or arrangement of physical structures or necessary provisions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΜΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G5536
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRAY-ma-sin
Translations: (to) money, (to) wealth, (to) possessions, (to) things, (to) business
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'χρῆμα' (chrēma). It refers to money, wealth, possessions, or things in general. In the dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ
G1311
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-af-thar-EN-tes
Translations: corrupted, destroyed, ruined, depraved, spoiled
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαφθείρω', meaning to corrupt, destroy, or ruin. It describes someone or something that has been corrupted, destroyed, or morally depraved. It is often used to indicate a state of being ruined or spoiled, either physically or morally.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΛΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G0595
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-eem-po-LEE-san
Translations: sold, sold off, sold away, trafficked
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ἐμπολάω (empolaō, meaning 'to buy and sell', 'to traffic'). In this form, it means 'they sold off' or 'they trafficked away'. It implies selling something completely or selling it for profit, often with a negative connotation of betraying or abandoning something by selling it.
Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΩΛΕΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khoo-THAI-oys
Translations: (to) the Cuthites, (to) the Cuthaeans
Notes: This word refers to the Cuthites or Cuthaeans, a people originally from Cuthah in Mesopotamia. They were brought by the Assyrian king Sargon II to settle in Samaria after the northern kingdom of Israel was conquered. They are often associated with the Samaritans in historical texts.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Cuthite' derives from 'Cuthah', an ancient city in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq).
G0272
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-MEH-les
Translations: careless, negligent, apathetic, indifferent, heedless, unconcerned
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is careless, negligent, or indifferent. It implies a lack of attention, concern, or diligence. It can be used to describe a person's attitude or an action performed without proper care.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΡΟΣΕΚΤΟΣ, ΡΑΘΥΜΟΣ, ΑΦΡΟΝΤΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'μέλει' (melei) meaning 'it is a care' or 'it concerns'. Thus, it literally means 'not caring' or 'not concerning oneself'.
G4461
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: rah-THOO-mon
Translations: careless, negligent, idle, a careless, a negligent, an idle
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is careless, negligent, or idle. It implies a lack of diligence, attention, or effort. It can be used to characterize a person's disposition or an action that is performed without proper care.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΜΕΛΗΣ, ΑΡΓΟΣ
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-ko-do-MES
Translations: (of) building, (of) edification, (of) a building, a building
Notes: This word refers to the act of building or constructing something, such as a house or a temple. It can also be used metaphorically to mean spiritual edification or the building up of character or faith. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition or indicate possession, as in 'the purpose of building' or 'the work of edification'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ (oikodomē) is a compound word derived from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house', and ΔΟΜΗ (domē), meaning 'building' or 'structure'. It literally means 'house-building'.
G2964
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koo-ROH
Translations: to confirm, to ratify, to make valid, to make authoritative, to establish
Notes: This verb means to confirm, ratify, or make something valid and authoritative. It is used to describe the act of giving legal force or approval to an agreement, law, or decision, thereby establishing its validity. It can also refer to making something firm or secure.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΕΓΚΥΡΩ
Etymology: From κύριος (kyrios), meaning 'lord' or 'master', implying authority or power. The verb form means to exercise that authority to make something valid.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-looce
Translations: others, other, another, different
Notes: This word refers to 'other' people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a different one or a different group. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He saw others' meaning he saw different people.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ
G0779
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: as-kho-lay-THEN-tee
Translations: having been occupied, having been busy, having been engaged, to have been occupied, to have been busy, to have been engaged
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀσχολέω', meaning 'to be occupied' or 'to be busy'. It describes someone who has been engaged in an activity or has had their attention taken up by something. It is often used to indicate a state of being preoccupied or involved.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Dative
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΕΥΟΜΕΝΩ
G4171
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-LEH-moos
Translations: wars, battles
Notes: This word refers to conflicts, battles, or wars. It is used to describe armed struggles between groups or nations. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb, indicating what is being fought or engaged in.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΕΣ, ΕΡΙΔΕΣ
G52
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ag-NOY-ah
Translations: ignorance, a lack of knowledge, a state of not knowing
Notes: This word refers to a state of not knowing or being unaware of something. It can describe a lack of understanding, knowledge, or information. It is often used in contexts where someone acts or speaks without full awareness of the facts or consequences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΓΝΩΣΙΑ, ἈΜΑΘΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'γνοια' (gnoia, related to 'γιγνώσκω' meaning 'to know'). It literally means 'not knowing'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G4754
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: strah-TEV-sah-meh-noh
Translations: having campaigned, having served as a soldier, having gone to war, having fought
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'στρατεύω', meaning 'to serve as a soldier' or 'to go to war'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to those who have engaged in military service or warfare.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΗΣΑΝΤΙ, ΜΑΧΕΣΑΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'στρατεύω' comes from 'στρατός' (STRATOS), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'. It refers to the act of serving in an army or engaging in military campaigns.
G1065
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: GEH
Translations: indeed, at least, even, certainly, truly
Notes: This word is an emphatic particle used to add emphasis or certainty to a statement. It can highlight a particular word or phrase, often conveying a sense of 'at least,' 'even,' or 'certainly.' It is frequently used to strengthen an assertion or to draw attention to a specific detail.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΗ, ΚΑΙ, ΜΕΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΕ is of uncertain origin, possibly an ancient demonstrative particle.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mas-sa-GEH-tas
Translations: Massagetae
Notes: This word refers to the Massagetae, an ancient Eastern Iranian nomadic tribal confederation who inhabited the steppes of Central Asia, north-east of the Caspian Sea. They are known from historical accounts, particularly those of Herodotus, who described their interactions with the Achaemenid Persian Empire.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Massagetae' is believed to be of Iranian origin, possibly meaning 'Great Getae' or 'Great Scythians', indicating a connection to or distinction from other Scythian groups.
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: YOO-thoos
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, indicating that something happens without delay or directly. It is used to express immediacy in time, meaning 'at once' or 'straightway'. It can also refer to a direct path or manner, meaning 'straight' or 'directly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. It developed into an adverb indicating immediacy.
G4845
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell
Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.
G5053
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: teh-leoo-TEE-sai
Translations: to die, to finish, to end, to complete
Notes: This word means 'to die' or 'to finish/complete'. It is often used in the context of someone's life ending, or an action being brought to completion. For example, it can be used to say 'he died' or 'to finish a task'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek τελευτάω (teleutaō, “to finish, to die”), from τέλος (telos, “end, completion”).
G0979
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-on
Translations: life, a life, livelihood, a livelihood, property, a property
Notes: This word refers to life, especially in its physical sense, or the means by which one lives, such as one's livelihood or property. It can describe the duration of life, the manner of life, or the resources needed for life. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to one's entire life or the means of life.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΨΥΧΗ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kam-BY-soo
Translations: of Cambyses
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Cambyses, a historical figure. Specifically, it refers to Cambyses II, the son of Cyrus the Great, who was a king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. The word is used to indicate possession or origin related to Cambyses.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G2954
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KOO-roo
Translations: of Cyrus
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Cyrus'. It refers to Cyrus the Great, the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, who was king of Persia. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of Cyrus' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAI-doss
Translations: of a child, of a boy, of a servant, of a son
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΠΑΙΣ' (pais). It refers to a child, a boy, a servant, or a son. As a genitive case, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For example, 'the house of the servant' or 'the father of the child'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΥ, ΥΙΟΥ, ΔΟΥΛΟΥ
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-ahn
Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, reign, kingship, royal power, dominion
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, a realm ruled by a king, or the act of reigning and exercising royal power. It can describe a physical territory or the abstract concept of royal authority and dominion. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G3880
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pah-rah-lah-BON-tos
Translations: (of) having received, (of) having taken, (of) having taken along, (of) having taken over, (of) having accepted
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having received' or 'having taken over'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a temporal or causal relationship to the main verb of the sentence. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or the subject of a genitive absolute construction.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The combination suggests taking something from beside or from someone, hence 'receiving' or 'taking over'.
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ah
Translations: Syria
Notes: This word refers to Syria, a geographical region and ancient country located in the Middle East, east of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the land or the people of Syria.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name 'Syria' is believed to be derived from the ancient Semitic name 'Sūri' or 'Sūriya', which was used to refer to the region. It is also thought to be related to 'Assyria', an ancient empire in Mesopotamia.
G5403
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: foy-NEE-kee
Translations: Phoenicia
Notes: This word refers to Phoenicia, an ancient historical region on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the geographical area.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From an ancient Semitic root, referring to the land of the Phoenicians. The name was adopted into Greek.
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: am-mah-nee-TEE-dee
Translations: Ammanitis, to Ammanitis
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the region of Ammanitis, which was the territory of the Ammonites. It is used to denote a specific geographical area. In this form, it indicates the indirect object or location 'to' or 'in' Ammanitis.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G3479
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: moh-ah-BEE-tee-dee
Translations: (to) Moabite, (to) a Moabite (woman), (to) a Moabitess
Notes: This word refers to a female inhabitant of Moab, a historical region located east of the Dead Sea. It is used to describe something or someone belonging to or originating from Moab, specifically in reference to a woman. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' a Moabitess or Moabite region.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grah-FOO-sin
Translations: they write, they are writing, they may write, they should write
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to write'. It is used to describe the action of putting words or symbols on a surface. It can be used in various contexts, such as writing a letter, recording information, or composing a text. As a third-person plural form, it indicates that 'they' are performing the action of writing.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative or Imperative, Active
G1992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-is-toh-LEN
Translations: letter, an epistle, a letter, an epistle, a written message
Notes: This word refers to a written message, a letter, or an epistle. It is typically used to describe a communication sent from one person or group to another, often for official or personal purposes. It can be used in contexts such as sending a decree, a personal note, or a formal communication.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑ, ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kam-BY-see
Translations: to Cambyses, for Cambyses, by Cambyses
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun "Cambyses" (ΚΑΜΒΥΣΗΣ), referring to the historical Persian king Cambyses II, son of Cyrus the Great. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, often translated with "to" or "for" before the name.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-LOO-san
Translations: showing, revealing, making clear, declaring, manifesting
Notes: This word describes the act of making something clear, evident, or known. It can refer to revealing information, demonstrating a truth, or manifesting a quality. It is often used to indicate that something is being shown or declared openly.
Inflection: Present Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ
Etymology: From δῆλος (dēlos, "clear, evident"). It means to make clear or manifest.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TA-deh
Translations: these things, thus, as follows
Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.
G1203
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DES-po-tah
Translations: O Master, O Lord, O Sovereign
Notes: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΑ is a Koine Greek noun meaning 'master' or 'lord'. It is used as a respectful form of direct address, particularly when speaking to God or a powerful ruler, emphasizing their authority and ownership over others.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΑΡΧΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ is a compound word derived from the Greek words δόμος (domos), meaning 'house', and πόσις (posis), meaning 'husband' or 'master'. Thus, it originally referred to the 'master of the house'.
G3816
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PAI-des
Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves, attendants, young men
Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, or young people in general. It can also denote servants, slaves, or attendants, especially those who are young. Its meaning often depends on the context, ranging from literal offspring to individuals in a subordinate role.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ, ΥΙΟΙ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: RAH-thoo-moss
Translations: Rathymos, careless, negligent, idle, a careless one
Notes: This word appears to be used as a proper noun, likely a name or a title, in the provided context. However, its root meaning as an adjective is 'careless,' 'negligent,' or 'idle.' It describes someone who is not diligent or attentive. As an adjective, it would be used to describe a person or a state of being.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΓΟΣ, ΑΜΕΛΗΣ, ΝΩΘΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ῥᾴθυμος (rháithymos) is a compound word derived from ῥᾷστος (rhâistos), meaning 'easiest,' and θυμός (thymós), meaning 'spirit' or 'mind.' Thus, it literally means 'easy in spirit' or 'easy-minded,' leading to the sense of being careless or indifferent.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4238
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: PRAH-toh-meh-nah
Translations: things done, deeds, actions, a deed, an action
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish'. It refers to 'things being done' or 'actions'. It is often used substantively to mean 'deeds' or 'actions' in general. It can refer to both good and bad actions, depending on the context.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: grah-FOHN
Translations: writing, drawing, recording, one who writes, he who writes
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to write' or 'to draw'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the writing man'), or substantivally, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who writes'). It can also imply the act of recording or registering something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩΝ
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: seh-MEH-lee-oss
Translations: Semelios
Notes: This is a proper noun, likely referring to a male individual named Semelios. In the provided context, Semelios is identified as a secretary (γραμματεύς), indicating a specific person holding an administrative or scribal role.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The origin of the name Semelios is not clearly documented in ancient Greek sources, but it appears to be a personal name.
G1122
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grah-ma-TEFS
Translations: scribe, a scribe, secretary, a secretary, clerk, a clerk
Notes: This word refers to a scribe, a person skilled in writing, especially in ancient times. Scribes often served as secretaries, clerks, or public notaries, responsible for writing, copying, and keeping records, and sometimes interpreting laws.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΣ, ΝΟΜΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word γράμμα (gramma), meaning 'a letter' or 'writing', combined with a suffix indicating an agent or practitioner. It refers to one who deals with writing or letters.
G1012
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boo-LEES
Translations: of counsel, of purpose, of will, of plan, of advice, of deliberation
Notes: This word refers to a plan, purpose, or counsel. It can also mean a decision, a will, or advice. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human intentions and deliberations. In the provided examples, it refers to a 'plan' or 'counsel'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ
G2923
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kree-TAI
Translations: judges, the judges
Notes: This word refers to individuals who preside over legal proceedings, make judgments, or act as arbiters. It is used to describe those who hold authority in judicial matters or who are appointed to decide disputes. In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of people fulfilling this role.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΣΤΑΙ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gih-NOH-skehn
Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to know' or 'to understand'. It often implies gaining knowledge through experience, observation, or personal relationship, rather than just intellectual apprehension. It can also mean 'to perceive' or 'to learn'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to know' or 'knowing'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo
Translations: king, a king
Notes: This word refers to a king or ruler. It is used to denote a sovereign, monarch, or any person holding royal authority. In the provided examples, it refers to kings in general or a specific king, such as the Assyrian king.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G0897
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-by-LOH-nah
Translations: Babylon
Notes: This word refers to the ancient city of Babylon, a major city in Mesopotamia, known for its historical significance and its role in biblical narratives. It is often used in contexts describing travel to or actions directed towards the city.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G0321
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-nakh-THEN-tes
Translations: having put to sea, having set sail, having been led up, having been brought up, having been brought back
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from ἀνά (ana, 'up' or 'back') and ἄγω (ago, 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It means 'having been led up' or 'having been brought back'. In the context of ships, it specifically refers to 'having put to sea' or 'having set sail'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often indicating the subject of the verb has performed or undergone the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΑΠΟΠΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἀνάγω (anagō) is formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The combination signifies leading or bringing something upwards or backwards.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAY-loo-tha-sin
Translations: they have come, they came, they are come
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to come' or 'to go'. It is in the perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It describes a group of people who have arrived or come to a certain place or state.
Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ
G2251
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: hay-meh-TEH-ran
Translations: our, our own
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'our own'. It indicates that something belongs to or is associated with the speaker or a group including the speaker. It is used to modify a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G0647
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ap-os-TA-tin
Translations: rebel, apostate, a rebel, an apostate
Notes: This word refers to a person who rebels or revolts against authority, or one who abandons their religious or political principles. It describes someone who is disloyal or a defector. It can be used to describe a city or a people that is in rebellion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΑΡΤΗΣ, ΣΤΑΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-nee-RAN
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, mischievous, an evil, a wicked, a bad, a harmful, a mischievous
Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad, often with a connotation of being harmful or mischievous. It can refer to moral depravity, physical affliction, or something that causes trouble. It is used to qualify a feminine singular noun in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of an action or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOO-sin
Translations: they build, they are building, they construct, they erect
Notes: This word means to build, construct, or erect a structure, such as a house or a temple. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to build up, edify, or strengthen, especially in a spiritual sense. It describes the action of a group of people engaged in building.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound word derived from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house', and ΔΕΜΩ (demō), meaning 'to build'. Thus, it literally means 'to build a house'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G0058
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-go-RAS
Translations: of a marketplace, of a market, of a public square
Notes: This word refers to a marketplace or a public square, which was a central gathering place in ancient Greek cities for commerce, public assembly, and judicial proceedings. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the verb ἀγείρω (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble', referring to a place where people gather.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TES
Translations: (of) her, her, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a form of the third-person pronoun 'autos'. It is used to refer to a singular feminine noun that has already been mentioned or is understood from the context. It indicates possession or is used after prepositions that require the genitive case. For example, it could mean 'her' (as in 'her house') or 'of her'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G1943
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-keh-VAH-zoos-in
Translations: they repair, they prepare, they make ready, they equip
Notes: This word means to repair, prepare, or equip something. It is used to describe the act of making something ready for a particular purpose or restoring it to a good condition. It can be used in contexts of mending, furnishing, or getting things in order.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEI-khee
Translations: walls, a wall
Notes: This word refers to walls, typically those of a city or fortress, providing defense or enclosure. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple walls or the collective structure of a city's defenses.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-on
Translations: temple, a temple, shrine, a shrine
Notes: ΝΑΟΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΝΑΟΣ, meaning 'temple' or 'shrine'. It specifically refers to the inner sanctuary of a temple, the dwelling place of the deity, as distinct from the broader temple complex (ἱερόν). It is used when the temple is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
G0450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-GAY-roo-sin
Translations: they raise up, they build up, they restore, they awaken
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to raise up, build up, restore, or awaken. It can refer to physically raising something or someone, such as a building or a person from sleep or death. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to restore something to its former state or to stir up a feeling or action.
Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἀνεγείρω (anageirō) is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ἐγείρω (egeirō), meaning 'to raise' or 'to awaken'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: IS-thee
Translations: be, be thou
Notes: This word is the second person singular present active imperative form of the verb 'to be'. It functions as a command or instruction, meaning 'be' or 'be thou'. It is used to tell someone to exist in a certain state or to become something.
Inflection: Second person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
G3305
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN-toy
Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly
Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nohn
Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, of those who became, of those who happened
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, often indicating an action that has already occurred. It can describe a state of being or an event that has taken place.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΩΝ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ
Etymology: The word 'ginomai' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G5411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-roos
Translations: tribute, tax, a tax, a tribute
Notes: This word refers to a payment, tribute, or tax, often imposed by a ruler or government. It signifies something that is 'borne' or 'carried' as an obligation. It is used in sentences to denote the financial or material contribution required from subjects or citizens.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΔΑΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΦΟΡΟΣ (phoros) comes from the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It refers to something that is 'borne' or 'brought' as a payment or tribute.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G5055
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TEH-lein
Translations: to complete, to finish, to accomplish, to perform, to fulfill, to pay, to execute
Notes: This word means to bring something to an end, to complete a task, or to pay a debt or tax. It is used to describe the act of finishing a process, achieving a goal, or carrying out an obligation. For example, one might 'complete a journey' or 'pay a tax'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: From τέλος (telos, "end, purpose"). The verb means to bring to an end or to fulfill a purpose.
G5278
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-po-meh-NOON-tas
Translations: enduring, remaining, persevering, waiting patiently, bearing up, submitting, a person enduring, a person remaining
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hypomenō', meaning to endure, remain, or persevere. It describes someone who is patiently waiting, bearing up under difficulty, or steadfastly continuing. It can be used to describe a person or group of people who are in the act of enduring or remaining.
Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under”) + μένω (ménō, “to remain, stay”). It literally means 'to remain under' or 'to stay under', implying endurance or steadfastness.
G5219
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pah-koo-EIN
Translations: to obey, to listen, to hearken, to give ear, to submit
Notes: This word means to obey, to listen attentively, or to submit to someone or something. It implies a willingness to hear and act upon what is heard, often in the context of authority or instruction. It can be used to describe someone who follows commands or pays close attention to a message.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΠΗΚΟΟΣ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb ἀκούω (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen from below', implying submission or obedience.
G2309
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-theh-lay-SON-tas
Translations: willing, wishing, desiring, intending, about to wish, about to desire
Notes: This word is a future active participle derived from the verb 'to wish' or 'to be willing'. It describes someone who is about to wish, or who will be willing to do something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates an action that will happen in the future.
Inflection: Future, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΘΕΛΩΝ
Etymology: The word ἘΘΕΛΩ (ethelō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the concept of 'will' or 'desire'.
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-seen
Translations: (to) kings, (to) a king
Notes: This word refers to rulers or monarchs. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G0436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-tis-TAY-son-tai
Translations: they will resist, they will oppose, they will stand against
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Therefore, it literally means 'to stand against'. It describes the act of resisting, opposing, or standing firm in defiance of someone or something. It is used to indicate a future action of opposition.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΑΝΤΙΠΙΠΤΩ
G0757
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AR-khein
Translations: to rule, to govern, to lead, to begin, to be first
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἈΡΧΩ'. It means 'to rule' or 'to govern', indicating the act of exercising authority or leadership over someone or something. It can also mean 'to begin' or 'to be first', referring to the initiation of an action or being in a primary position. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, or as the subject or object of another verb.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the noun ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, origin, rule, authority'. The verb thus relates to both the concept of starting something and holding a position of power.
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-theh-LEE-soo-sin
Translations: they will wish, they will desire, they will want, they will be willing
Notes: This word is a verb indicating a future action of wishing, desiring, or being willing. It describes a state of mind where a group of people (they) will have the inclination or intention to do something. It is often used to express future consent or a future decision based on desire.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ
Etymology: From the Greek verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to wish' or 'to be willing'. The prefix ἐ- (e-) is often added without changing the core meaning, especially in older forms or for emphasis.
G1754
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: en-er-goo-MEH-non
Translations: of those being worked, of those being active, of those being effective, of those being operated, of those being empowered
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'energeō', meaning 'to be at work, to be active, to be effective, to operate, to be empowered'. As a genitive plural, it refers to 'those who are being worked upon' or 'those who are actively working/operating'. It describes individuals or things that are in a state of active operation or being acted upon.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩΝ, ΠΡΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G4704
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: spoo-dah-zo-MEH-non
Translations: being diligent, being eager, being earnest, being zealous, being quick, being in a hurry
Notes: This word describes something or someone that is being diligent, eager, or zealous. It implies a sense of urgency or earnestness in an action or state. It is often used to convey the idea of making an effort or being quick to accomplish something.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ
G2573
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KAL-ohs
Translations: well, rightly, properly, honorably, commendably
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'well' or 'rightly'. It describes an action performed in a good, proper, or honorable manner. It can indicate that something is done correctly, skillfully, or in a way that is morally upright.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΥ, ΟΡΘΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ (KALOS), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ayn
Translations: to have, to hold, to possess, to be able, to keep, to get
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It is used to express possession, a state of being, or ability. As an infinitive, it often functions like a noun, serving as the subject or object of another verb, or it can complete the meaning of another verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOK-sen
Translations: it seemed good, it seemed best, it was decided, it pleased, it was thought, it was resolved
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or pleasing to someone or a group. For example, 'it seemed good to them' or 'it was decided by the council'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΕΣΚΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grap-SAI
Translations: to write, to have written, to record, to inscribe
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It is used to express the action of writing in a general sense, often as the object of another verb or preposition, indicating purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to write' or 'to have written' something down.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4007
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-ee-DEIN
Translations: overlook, disregard, permit, allow, tolerate
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'periorao'. It means to overlook, disregard, or permit something to happen, often implying a failure to act or intervene when one should. It can be used in contexts where someone allows a situation to continue without interference, or neglects to take notice of something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΠΑΡΙΗΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΟΡΑΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΕΡΙ (peri), meaning 'around' or 'concerning', and the verb ΟΡΑΩ (horao), meaning 'to see'. Thus, it literally means 'to see around' or 'to look over', which evolved into the sense of overlooking or disregarding.
G3704
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-pos
Translations: how, as, that, in order that, so that
Notes: This word functions as both a conjunction and an adverb. As a conjunction, it introduces clauses of purpose or result, meaning 'in order that' or 'so that'. As an adverb, it describes manner, meaning 'how' or 'as'. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΙΝΑ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὡς (hōs, 'as') and πώς (pōs, 'somehow').
G1980
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-SKEP-see
Translations: visitation, inspection, supervision, care, help, a visitation, an inspection
Notes: This word refers to a visit, often with a specific purpose such as inspecting, overseeing, caring for, or providing help. It can denote an act of divine intervention or a human act of looking after someone or something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΗ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ΕΠΙΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ (episkeptomai), meaning 'to look upon, to visit, to inspect'.
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEH-rohn
Translations: of fathers, of parents, of ancestors
Notes: This word refers to the male parent or ancestor. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to fathers' or 'from fathers'. It can be used to refer to physical fathers, but also to forefathers, ancestors, or even spiritual fathers.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΠΑΤΟΡΕΣ, ΓΟΝΕΙΣ
G976
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BEE-blee-ah
Translations: books, scrolls, writings, a book, a scroll, a writing
Notes: This word refers to books, scrolls, or other written documents. It is the plural form of 'βιβλίον' (biblion). It can be used to describe any collection of written material, from a single scroll to a collection of many books.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ, ΣΥΓΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-REE-sace
Translations: you will find, you will discover, you will obtain
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to find', 'to discover', or 'to obtain'. It is used to indicate the future action of locating or coming across something or someone. For example, 'you will find the book' or 'you will discover the truth'.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΥΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to find' or 'to obtain'. It is related to words signifying 'to get' or 'to acquire'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G0647
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pos-TAH-tas
Translations: apostate, a rebel, a renegade, a deserter, rebel, renegade, deserter
Notes: This word refers to someone who abandons their faith, principles, or allegiance. It describes a person who has defected or revolted from a previous position or belief. It is often used in a negative sense to describe someone who has turned away from God or a particular religious or political group.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΑΡΤΗΣ, ΑΠΟΦΥΓΑΣ, ΑΠΟΔΡΑΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ (apostates) comes from the verb ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi), meaning 'to stand off, to depart, to revolt'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the root ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohn
Translations: of kings, of a king
Notes: This word refers to rulers, monarchs, or sovereigns. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to kings, such as 'the power of kings' or 'the sons of kings'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ
G2190
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ekh-THROOS
Translations: enemies, foes
Notes: This word refers to enemies or adversaries. It is used to describe individuals or groups who are hostile or opposed to someone or something. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating those against whom an action is directed.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ὙΠΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G2049
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-ray-MO-thay
Translations: was made desolate, was laid waste, was deserted, became desolate
Notes: This verb describes the state of being made desolate, laid waste, or deserted. It implies a process where something or someone becomes empty, abandoned, or ruined. It is often used to describe places or lands that have been destroyed or left uninhabited, or people who have been abandoned.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ
Etymology: From ἔρημος (erēmos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, desert'. The verb means 'to make desolate' or 'to lay waste'.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOX-eh
Translations: it seemed, it was decided, it pleased, it seemed good
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seemed' or 'it was decided', especially in the sense of a decision or a judgment that was made. It can also convey the idea of something being pleasing or appearing good to someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive'. It developed in Greek to refer to what seems or appears to be the case, and then to what is decided or thought to be good.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: DEL-tah
Translations: Delta, four, 4
Notes: Δ (Delta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number four. It is also used as a symbol in various contexts, including mathematics and science, though its primary function in Koine Greek texts is as a letter or a numeral.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The Greek letter Delta is derived from the Phoenician letter Dalet, which means 'door'.
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-LOH-sai
Translations: to make clear, to show, to declare, to explain, to reveal
Notes: This word means to make something clear, evident, or known. It is often used in contexts where information is being explained, revealed, or demonstrated to someone. It implies bringing something into the light or making it manifest.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ
G0050
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: ag-no-OO-meh-non
Translations: unknown, an unknown thing, unrecognized, being unknown
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ἀγνοέω' (agnoeō), meaning 'to be ignorant of' or 'not to know'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that is not known or is unrecognized. It can be used to describe a person, thing, or concept that is unknown or overlooked.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Passive
Etymology: The word ἀγνοέω (agnoeō) is a compound of the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Thus, it literally means 'not to know'.
G2481
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EE-sohs
Translations: perhaps, possibly, it may be, perchance
Notes: This word is an adverb used to express possibility or uncertainty. It indicates that something is likely or probable, but not definite. It can be used to introduce a conjecture or a hesitant statement, often translated as 'perhaps' or 'possibly' in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΤΑΧΑ, ΠΟΥ
Etymology: From the adjective ἴσος (ísos), meaning 'equal' or 'like'. The adverbial form suggests 'in an equal manner' or 'equally likely'.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G4929
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-oy-kis-THEY-sees
Translations: of having been settled together, of having been colonized, of having been united in one dwelling, of having been made to dwell together
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'σῠνοικίζω' (synoikizō), meaning 'to settle together,' 'to colonize,' or 'to unite in one dwelling.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to something feminine, singular, and in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to.' It describes the state of something having been settled or united.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΖΩ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΕΩ
G2945
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-klon
Translations: circle, a circle, circuit, around, surrounding region
Notes: This word refers to a circle, a ring, or anything that is round. It can also denote a circuit or the area surrounding something. In a sentence, it would typically function as a noun, often indicating the object of an action or the subject of a description, depending on its case.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΒΟΛΟΣ, ΣΤΡΟΓΓΥΛΟΝ
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TAY-khon
Translations: of a wall, of walls
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive structure like a city wall or a fortification. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of walls' or 'belonging to walls'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΗ, ΤΕΙΧΕΑ
G0618
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-po-lah-BOO-sees
Translations: (of) receiving, (of) taking back, (of) obtaining, (of) recovering
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπολαμβάνω', meaning 'to receive', 'to take back', 'to obtain', or 'to recover'. As a participle, it describes an action being performed by the subject of the phrase it modifies, often translated as 'having received' or 'of receiving'. It implies gaining possession of something, often something due or previously lost.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G616
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-KLEI-eh-tai
Translations: is shut out, is excluded, is locked out, is closed off
Notes: This word describes the action of being shut out, excluded, or locked away. It is used to indicate that something or someone is prevented from entering or accessing a place or situation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb κλείω (kleiō, meaning 'to shut' or 'to close').
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΕΤΑΙ, ΕΞΩΘΕΙΤΑΙ, ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΣΘΗΝΑΙ
Etymology: The word ἀποκλείω (apokleiō) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κλείω (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close'. It signifies the action of shutting something away or excluding it.
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HO-dos
Translations: way, a way, road, a road, path, a path, journey, a journey, course, a course
Notes: This word refers to a physical path, road, or highway. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a course of conduct, a manner of life, or a spiritual journey. In the New Testament, it often refers to the 'way' of God or the 'way' of salvation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ, ΠΑΘΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'going' or 'moving'.
G2840
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KOY-len
Translations: hollow, a hollow, concave, an empty
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'hollow' or 'concave'. It describes something that has an empty space within it or is curved inward. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their physical characteristic of being hollow or empty.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΕΝΟΣ, ΒΑΘΥΣ
G4948
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: soo-REE-ah
Translations: Syria
Notes: This word refers to the geographical region of Syria, an ancient country in the Middle East. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'Syria' is of ancient origin, derived from the Greek name for the region. It is believed to be related to Assyria, though the exact etymological connection is debated.
G5403
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: foy-NEE-kane
Translations: Phoenicia
Notes: This word refers to Phoenicia, an ancient civilization located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is used to denote the geographical region or the country itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G0314
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-GNOOS
Translations: having read, reading, having recognized, recognizing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to read' or 'to recognize'. It describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often implying that the subject has gained knowledge or understanding through reading or recognition. It can be used to describe someone who has read something and is now acting based on that knowledge, or someone who is in the process of reading.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kam-BY-sees
Translations: Cambyses
Notes: This is the name of Cambyses II, the son of Cyrus the Great and the second king of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. He reigned from 530 to 522 BC and is known for his conquest of Egypt. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Cambyses is of Old Persian origin, derived from the name 'Kambūjiya'. It was a common name among the Achaemenid royal family.
G5449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FYOO-say
Translations: (to) nature, (to) birth, (to) kind, (to) origin, (to) character, (to) species, (to) natural disposition
Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or natural order of something. It can describe the essential quality or disposition of a person, animal, or thing. In the dative case, as seen here, it often implies 'by nature' or 'naturally,' indicating an inherent quality or manner of being.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-NEE-ros
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, malicious, harmful, worthless, a wicked person, the evil one
Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or bad. It can refer to moral depravity, harmfulness, or worthlessness. It is often used to describe people who are morally corrupt or actions that are harmful. When used substantively, it can refer to 'the evil one,' often understood as the devil.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil, labor, suffer,' suggesting something that causes toil or suffering, hence 'evil' or 'painful.'
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G2795
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kee-NEH-tay
Translations: is moved, moves, is stirred, is agitated, is set in motion, is disturbed
Notes: This word describes something being moved, stirred, or set in motion, often implying an internal or external force causing the movement. It can refer to physical movement, but also to emotional or mental agitation, or being influenced to act. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is receiving the action of being moved.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΩ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΟΡΜΕΩ
G1213
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: deh-dee-LOH-meh-nah
Translations: made clear, shown, revealed, manifested, declared, things made clear, things shown, what has been shown
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δηλόω' (deloo), meaning 'to make clear' or 'to show'. As a participle, it describes something that has been made clear or revealed. In its neuter plural form, it often functions as a substantive, referring to 'the things that have been made clear' or 'what has been shown/declared'. It indicates a state of being made evident or manifest.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΕΦΑΝΕΡΩΜΕΝΑ, ἘΚΦΑΝΗ, ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ
Etymology: The verb 'δηλόω' (deloo) comes from 'δῆλος' (delos), meaning 'clear' or 'evident'. It describes the act of making something clear or manifest.
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grah-FEI
Translations: he writes, she writes, it writes, he draws, she draws, it draws, he paints, she paints, it paints
Notes: This word means 'to write', 'to draw', or 'to paint'. It is used to describe the act of creating text, images, or figures, often with a pen, brush, or other instrument. It can refer to the physical act of inscribing or depicting something.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΖΩΓΡΑΦΩ, ΥΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G4460
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: rah-thoo-MOH
Translations: I am negligent, I am careless, I am indifferent, I am idle, I am at ease
Notes: This verb means to be negligent, careless, or indifferent. It describes a state of being at ease or idle, often implying a lack of concern or diligence. It can be used to describe someone who is not paying attention to their duties or responsibilities.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΜΕΛΕΩ, ΝΩΘΡΕΥΩ
Etymology: From ῥάθυμος (rhathymos, "careless, idle"), which is a compound of ῥᾷστος (rhāistos, "easiest") and θυμός (thymos, "spirit, passion"). It literally means "easy in spirit" or "easy-going", leading to the sense of carelessness or idleness.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: grah-FON-tee
Translations: writing, to the one writing, for the one writing, by the one writing
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It describes someone who is in the act of writing. As a dative singular participle, it often functions as an indirect object, indicating 'to the one writing', 'for the one writing', or 'by the one writing', depending on the context.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ
G4363
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pros-PIP-ton-tah
Translations: falling upon, happening, occurring, things happening, things occurring, matters, reports
Notes: This word is a present active participle, neuter plural, nominative or accusative case, derived from the verb 'to fall upon' or 'to happen'. It refers to things that are falling upon, happening, or occurring. In context, it often denotes events, circumstances, or matters that come to pass or are reported.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΑ
G0954
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: beh-el-ZEH-moh
Translations: Beelzebul, Beelzebub
Notes: Beelzebul is a proper noun referring to a pagan deity, specifically a Philistine god worshipped in Ekron. In the New Testament, it is used as a derogatory name for Satan, the prince of demons, or a chief demon. It is often associated with the ruler of evil spirits.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΑΤΑΝΑΣ, ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ
Etymology: The name Beelzebul is believed to be a Hellenized form of the Hebrew Ba'al Zevuv, meaning 'Lord of Flies'. It was a derogatory alteration of Ba'al Zebul, meaning 'Lord of the Exalted Dwelling' or 'Lord Prince'.
G2311
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-meh-lee-OH
Translations: to lay a foundation, to found, to establish, to build
Notes: This word is likely a misspelling of 'θεμελιόω' (themelioō). It means to lay a foundation, to found, or to establish something firmly. It can be used literally, as in building a structure, or figuratively, as in establishing principles or a kingdom. For example, one might 'found a city' or 'establish a doctrine'.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: The root word 'θεμελιόω' (themelioō) comes from 'θεμέλιος' (themelios), meaning 'belonging to a foundation', which itself is derived from 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.
G1122
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grah-mah-TEH-ee
Translations: scribe, a scribe, (to) a scribe, (of) a scribe, secretary, a secretary, (to) a secretary, (of) a secretary, clerk, a clerk, (to) a clerk, (of) a clerk
Notes: This word refers to a scribe, secretary, or clerk. In ancient contexts, a scribe was a person who could read and write, often serving as a copyist, record-keeper, or legal expert. They held significant positions in society due to their literacy. The form 'ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΙ' is an inflected form of the noun 'ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΕΥΣ'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΣ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: LOY-poys
Translations: to the rest, to the remaining, to the others, to the residue
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'the rest'. It is used to refer to what is left over or those who are left behind. In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipients of an action or the group to whom something applies.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙΣ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙΣ
G4929
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soon-TAS-so-meh-noys
Translations: being arranged together, being appointed together, being ordered together, being drawn up together, being assigned together
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ, meaning 'to arrange together,' 'to appoint,' or 'to order.' It describes something or someone that is being arranged, appointed, or ordered in conjunction with others. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Dative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΤΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ
G3611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-KEW-sin
Translations: they dwell, they inhabit, they live, they reside
Notes: This word means 'to dwell,' 'to inhabit,' 'to live,' or 'to reside.' It describes the act of making a place one's home or living in a particular location. It is used to indicate that a group of people are living in or occupying a specific area.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΩ, ΖΑΩ, ΜΕΝΩ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3992
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pem-FTHEN-tah
Translations: having been sent, those who were sent, the ones sent
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ', meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of being sent. It refers to individuals or things that have been dispatched or commissioned.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pempeh₂- (to send, to lead).
G3844
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: pa-RAH
Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a
Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G1121
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GRAHM-mah-tah
Translations: letters, writings, documents, sacred writings, literature, learning
Notes: This word refers to written characters, letters of the alphabet, or more broadly, writings, documents, or even literature and learning. In some contexts, it can specifically refer to the sacred writings or scriptures. It is used to describe written communication or knowledge acquired through writing.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΛΟΓΙΑ, ΓΡΑΦΑΙ
G2753
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-keh-LEW-sah
Translations: I commanded, I ordered, I urged, I bade
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' or 'to urge.' It describes the act of giving an instruction or a directive to someone. It is used when a person in authority or a position to give orders issues a command.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'way,' possibly implying 'to point the way' or 'to direct.'
G1980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-skep-SAS-thai
Translations: to visit, to look after, to inspect, to examine, to care for, to provide for
Notes: This word is an aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'episkeptomai'. It generally means to visit someone or a place, often with the purpose of inspecting, examining, or caring for them. It can also imply providing for someone's needs or looking after their well-being. It is used to express an action of looking upon or over something or someone with a specific intent.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΕΩ
G4269
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-GO-non
Translations: of ancestors, of forefathers, of parents
Notes: This word refers to those who came before, such as ancestors, forefathers, or even parents. It is used to denote a lineage or a preceding generation. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, like 'the traditions of our ancestors'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΕΡΩΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙΩΝ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-REH-thay
Translations: was found, it was found, he was found, she was found
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be found' or 'to be discovered'. It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'euriskō' (to find). It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being found. For example, 'the book was found' or 'he was found'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lis
Translations: city, a city, town, a town
Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.
G2189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EKH-thra
Translations: enmity, hatred, hostility, a hatred
Notes: This word refers to a state of deep-seated hostility or animosity. It describes a feeling of strong opposition or ill will towards someone or something. It can be used to describe personal hatred or a more general state of conflict between groups or principles.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΙΣΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΘΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: From ἔχθρος (echthros, "hated, hostile"), which is related to ἔχθος (echthos, "hatred").
G0104
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-EH-ee
Translations: always, ever, continually, at all times
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'always' or 'ever'. It indicates something that happens without interruption, continuously, or at all times. It can be used to describe an action or state that is perpetual or ongoing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΟΤΕ, ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἈΕΙ' comes from an ancient root meaning 'ever' or 'always'. It is related to words indicating duration or perpetuity.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: geh-geh-NEE-meh-nee
Translations: having become, having come into being, having been born, having happened, having been made, having been produced
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having become' or 'having come into being'. It describes something that has already happened or been brought into existence. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used adverbially to describe the circumstances of an action. It is derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to be born'.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑ, ΓΕΓΕΝΗΜΕΝΟΝ
G4714
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STA-sees
Translations: sedition, a sedition, insurrection, an insurrection, riot, a riot, dissension, a dissension, division, a division, revolt, a revolt, standing, a standing, position, a position, party, a party, faction, a faction
Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state of standing. More commonly, it denotes a state of division, dissension, or conflict, often leading to sedition, insurrection, or riot. It can also refer to a party or faction that takes a stand.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΤΑΡΑΧΗ
G1774
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: en-oy-KOON-tes
Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, residing, those dwelling, those inhabiting, those residing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'dwelling' or 'inhabiting'. It describes someone or something that is currently residing in a place. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun), referring to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the verb 'οἰκέω' (to dwell).
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G4231
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: prahg-mah-TEV-sah-meh-noy
Translations: having traded, having done business, having occupied oneself, having been engaged in
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πραγματεύομαι', meaning 'to trade', 'to do business', or 'to occupy oneself with something'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb in the sentence. It indicates that the subject has engaged in or carried out a particular activity or transaction.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: The word πραγματεύομαι (pragmateuomai) is derived from πρᾶγμα (pragma), meaning 'deed, act, thing', which itself comes from πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do, to act'.
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAYS
Translations: kings
Notes: This word refers to 'kings' or 'rulers'. It is the plural form of the noun 'king' (βασιλεύς). It is used to denote multiple monarchs or sovereign leaders.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-NOH-men
Translations: we knew, we have known, we came to know, we perceived, we understood
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to know', 'to come to know', 'to perceive', or 'to understand'. It describes an action of gaining knowledge or becoming aware of something. It is used to indicate that a group of people (specifically, 'we') acquired knowledge or understanding in the past.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G1415
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: doo-na-TOOS
Translations: powerful, mighty, able, strong, capable, of the powerful, of the mighty, to the powerful, to the mighty
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning powerful, mighty, or able. It describes someone or something possessing great strength, authority, or capability. It can be used to describe individuals who are influential or have significant power, or things that are possible or achievable. In its plural form, it often refers to 'powerful ones' or 'mighty men' when used substantively.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative or Genitive
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ
G979
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bee-AH-ee-oos
Translations: violent, a violent, forcible, a forcible
Notes: This word describes something or someone characterized by force, violence, or compulsion. It is used to denote actions or individuals that are forceful, aggressive, or done under duress. For example, it could describe a violent act or a person who is violent.
Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΙΑΣΤΗΣ, ΒΙΑΙΟΣ
G5411
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: foh-roh-loh-GAY-san-tas
Translations: having taxed, those who taxed, taxed ones
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning "having taxed" or "those who taxed." It describes an action of taxing that has been completed in the past, and the participle functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun that performs the action of taxing. For example, it could refer to "the ones who had taxed" or "those having imposed a tax."
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΩΝΙΖΩ, ΕΙΣΦΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΟΡΟΛΟΓΕΩ (phorologeo) is a compound word derived from φόρος (phoros), meaning "tribute" or "tax," and λέγω (lego), meaning "to collect" or "to say." Thus, it literally means "to collect taxes" or "to levy tribute."
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G5105
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOY-noon
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.
G4367
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-ET-ax-ah
Translations: I commanded, I ordered, I decreed, I enjoined
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' or 'to decree.' It is used when someone in authority gives a specific instruction or makes a formal decision that others are expected to follow. For example, a king might command his subjects, or a leader might issue an order.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ
G4784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soong-khoh-REH-in
Translations: to allow, to permit, to grant, to forgive
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room' or 'to advance'. In its combined form, it means to make room for someone or something, thereby allowing, permitting, or granting something. It can also be used in the sense of forgiving someone, by making room for their error or letting it pass.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek σύν (syn, 'with, together') and χωρέω (chōreō, 'to make room, to advance').
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oys
Translations: to Jews, for Jews, with Jews, among Jews
Notes: This word refers to Jews or Jewish people. It is a plural noun in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something. It can be translated as 'to Jews,' 'for Jews,' 'with Jews,' or 'among Jews,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEIN
Translations: to build, to construct, to erect, to edify, to restore, to rebuild
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to build a house' or more generally 'to construct'. It is often used in a literal sense for physical construction, but can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to build up' or 'to edify' someone spiritually or morally. It describes the action of creating or improving something through construction.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G4119
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: PLEH-on
Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides
Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.
G0837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: owk-say-THEE
Translations: be increased, be multiplied, grow, be made great
Notes: This word means to be increased, to grow, or to be multiplied. It is used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject is acted upon, rather than performing the action themselves. It can refer to growth in number, size, or influence.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΥΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΞΑΝΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grow' or 'to increase'.
G2549
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-KEE-as
Translations: (of) evil, (of) malice, (of) wickedness, (of) depravity, evil, an evil, malice, a malice, wickedness, a wickedness, depravity, a depravity
Notes: This word refers to the inherent badness, wickedness, or depravity of character. It can also denote malice or ill-will towards others. It is often used in contexts describing moral corruption or harmful actions stemming from a bad disposition.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΙΑ (kakia) comes from the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It refers to the state or quality of being bad.
G5530
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: khro-MEH-noy
Translations: using, employing, dealing with, having dealings with, those using, those employing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in using or dealing with something. It can refer to people who are accustomed to something or who are in the habit of doing something.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: From an assumed root *χρα-, meaning 'to handle, to use'.
G1309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-TEH-leh
Translations: to continue, to persist, to accomplish, to bring to an end, to finish
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'διατελέω' (diateleō), meaning 'to continue' or 'to persist'. It describes an action that is ongoing or has been brought to completion. It is often used to indicate that someone continues to do something or remains in a certain state. The form 'ΔΙΑΤΕΤΕΛΕ' is likely a misspelling or a very rare/non-standard inflection, as the standard perfect active forms would be 'διατετελεκέναι' (infinitive) or 'διατετέλεκε' (imperative). It might be an archaic or poetic form, or simply a textual error.
Inflection: Uncertain (possibly a rare or non-standard perfect active form, or a misspelling)
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek διά (diá, 'through, throughout') + τελέω (teléō, 'to complete, to perform, to bring to an end'). The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of completion or continuation.
G2240
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HEH-kah-sin
Translations: they have come, they are present, they are here
Notes: This is the third person plural perfect active indicative form of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come' or 'to be present'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing relevance or a present state resulting from that past action. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things have arrived and are now in a particular place or state.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΛΗΛΥΘΑΣΙΝ, ΠΑΡΕΙΣΙΝ
G0314
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-nahg-naws-THEN-tohn
Translations: of those having been read, when they had been read, after they were read
Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the verb 'to read' (γινώσκω) and the prefix 'ana-' (again, up, back). It means 'of those having been read' or 'when they had been read'. It is used to describe something that has already been read or publicly recited, often functioning adverbially to indicate a temporal relationship (after something was read).
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΝΩΣΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ἈΝΑΓΝΩΣΘΕΙΣ
G1121
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grahm-MAH-tohn
Translations: of letters, of writings, of documents, of scriptures, of a writing, of a document, of a letter
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'γραμμα' (gramma). It refers to written characters, letters of the alphabet, or more broadly, written documents, scriptures, or literature. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of letters' or 'belonging to writings'. In the provided context, 'πόλις γραμμάτων' (polis grammaton) means 'city of writings' or 'city of scribes/scholars', implying a place known for its literacy or written records.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ, ΓΡΑΦΩΝ
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toys
Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ
G4929
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-teh-TAG-meh-noy
Translations: arranged, ordered, drawn up, appointed, assigned, organized
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been arranged' or 'having been ordered'. It describes something that has been put into a specific order or structure, often in a military or administrative context, implying a deliberate organization or appointment. It can refer to troops drawn up in formation, or individuals assigned to a particular task or group.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'.
G3916
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma
Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.
G1964
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ep-ee-pee-DAY-san-tes
Translations: leaping upon, springing upon, rushing upon, assailing
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle meaning 'leaping upon' or 'springing upon'. It describes an action of suddenly moving onto or against something or someone, often with force or hostile intent. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, on) and the verb 'πηδάω' (to leap, to spring).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΦΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G2462
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: IP-poys
Translations: to horses, for horses, with horses, by horses, horses
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a horse. In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to horses,' 'for horses,' 'with horses,' or 'by horses,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G4710
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-PEV-san
Translations: they hastened, they hurried, they rushed, they were eager
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hasten,' 'to hurry,' 'to be eager,' or 'to make haste.' It describes an action of moving or acting quickly, often with a sense of urgency or eagerness. It is used here in the past tense, indicating that a group of people performed this action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΣΠΕΥΔΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *speh₁- meaning 'to pull, stretch, strive'.
G2414
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah
Translations: Jerusalem
Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.
G4128
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PLAY-thoss
Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number
Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.
G1863
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-pah-GOH-meh-noy
Translations: bringing upon, bringing in, bringing forward, leading on, leading in, inducing, inflicting
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'epagō', meaning 'to bring upon' or 'to lead in'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb. It can describe someone or something that is being brought upon, led in, or inflicted upon others, or it can describe an action of bringing something upon oneself (in the middle voice).
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and ἄγω (agō, 'to lead, to bring'). It literally means 'to lead upon' or 'to bring upon'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G1254
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-eh-koh-LOO-san
Translations: they hindered, they prevented, they restrained, they forbade
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'δια-' (through, apart) and the verb 'κωλύω' (to hinder, prevent). It means to thoroughly hinder, prevent, or restrain someone or something from doing an action. It is typically used in a context where an action or movement is stopped or blocked.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PES-kheh-thay
Translations: was held back, was restrained, was stopped, was delayed, was hindered, was detained
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'ἐπέχω' (epechō). It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was acted upon, meaning they were held back, restrained, or delayed by something or someone else. For example, 'he was held back' or 'it was delayed'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΑΝΑΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: The verb 'ἐπέχω' (epechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold upon' or 'to hold to', which evolved to mean 'to hold back' or 'to restrain'.
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gah
Translations: works, deeds, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or things done. It can encompass both good and bad deeds depending on the context, describing the outcome or result of an effort. It is often used to describe the actions of people or God.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ
G3360
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEKH-ree
Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during
Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ
Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.
G1208
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: DEH-oo-teh-ROO
Translations: (of) second, (of) a second
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'second' in order, rank, or time. It is used to indicate something that follows the first. For example, it can describe the second person, the second day, or a second occurrence of an event. In the provided examples, 'ἐκ δευτέρου' functions adverbially, meaning 'a second time' or 'again'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: From the Greek word ΔΥΟ (duo), meaning 'two'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-TOOS
Translations: of a year, of the year, of year
Notes: This word refers to a year, a period of twelve months. It is used to indicate a specific year or to describe events occurring within a particular year. As a genitive form, it often functions to show possession or relationship, such as 'of the year' or 'belonging to the year'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
G1152
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: da-REH-yoo
Translations: of Darius
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Darius, a common name for several kings of Persia mentioned in the Old Testament. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to Darius' or 'from Darius'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Darius is derived from Old Persian Dārayavauš, meaning 'he who holds firm the good' or 'he who upholds the good'. It was a royal name used by several Achaemenid kings of Persia.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ee-ahs
Translations: of a kingdom, of a kingship, of a reign, of a royal power, of a realm, of a royal dominion, of a royal rule
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, kingship, or royal power. It describes the domain or authority of a king, or the act of reigning. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ
G4067
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PER-sohn
Translations: of Persians, Persians
Notes: This word refers to the people of Persia, an ancient empire. It is used to denote origin or possession, often appearing in phrases like 'King of the Persians'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word 'Πέρσης' (Perses) is derived from the Old Persian word 'Pārsa', which was the name of the people and their land.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: years
Notes: This word refers to a period of twelve months, commonly known as a year. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple years, often in contexts describing duration or age.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
G1767
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: EN-neh-ah
Translations: nine
Notes: This word is a cardinal number meaning 'nine'. It is used to indicate a quantity of nine units of something. For example, it can be used to describe nine people, nine objects, or nine days.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin 'novem' and English 'nine'.
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G0936
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-sas
Translations: having reigned, having become king, having ruled
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating a completed action in the past. It describes someone who has reigned, become king, or ruled. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the subject's past action of reigning.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΣΑΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΑΣ
G2694
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-STREF-sah-meh-nos
Translations: having overthrown, having destroyed, having subverted, having turned over, having put an end to, having brought to an end, having brought to ruin
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, meaning to overthrow, destroy, or bring to an end. As a participle, it describes an action completed by the subject, often translated as 'having overthrown' or 'having destroyed'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn). It implies a complete turning over or overturning, leading to destruction or ruin.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ
G125
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AI-gyp-TON
Translations: Egypt
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the country of Egypt. In the provided examples, it is used as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating a destination or location.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G5290
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREP-sas
Translations: having returned, returning, turned back
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to return' or 'to turn back'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often indicating the subject's movement back to a previous location or state. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'having returned' or 'returning', depending on the context.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ
G5053
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-teh-LEF-tee-sen
Translations: he died, he finished, he ended, he completed
Notes: This word is a verb that primarily means 'to die'. It can also mean 'to finish', 'to complete', or 'to bring to an end'. It is often used in narratives to indicate the end of a person's life or the completion of an action or event.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ
G1154
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: dah-MAS-koh
Translations: Damascus, (to) Damascus, (in) Damascus
Notes: This word refers to Damascus, an ancient city in Syria. It is a proper noun, indicating a specific place. In the provided context, it is used with a preposition (ἐν, 'in') to indicate location, meaning 'in Damascus'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, with its roots in Aramaic and Akkadian languages. It has been known by various forms throughout history, consistently referring to the prominent city in Syria.
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