2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PHI-lip-pos

Translations: Philip

Notes: This is a masculine proper name, commonly translated as Philip. It refers to several individuals in ancient history, including apostles, kings, and other notable figures. It is used in sentences as the subject of a verb or as a direct object, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Φίλιππος (Philippos) is of Greek origin, derived from the words φίλος (philos), meaning 'friend' or 'lover', and ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'. Thus, it literally means 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: pow-SAH-nee-oo

Translations: of Pausanias

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Pausanias, a common ancient Greek personal name. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'Pausanias's' or 'from Pausanias' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Pausanias (Παυσανίας) is derived from the Greek words παύω (paúō, 'to stop, to cease') and ἀνία (anía, 'grief, distress'). It can be interpreted as 'he who stops grief' or 'he who brings an end to sorrow'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2768

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: keh-RAH-stoos

Translations: (of) a horned viper, (of) Kerastes

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'κεράστης' (kerastes). It primarily refers to a horned viper, a type of venomous snake known for its horn-like scales above its eyes. In some contexts, it can also be used as a proper noun, referring to a person named Kerastes.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word 'κεράστης' (kerastes) is derived from the Greek word 'κέρας' (keras), meaning 'horn'. It refers to something having horns or horn-like features.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: oh-RES-ton

Translations: of the Orestae, of Orestes

Notes: This word refers to the Orestae, a people group from a region called Orestis in ancient Macedonia or Epirus. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'belonging to the Orestae' or 'from the Orestae'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Orestes' is derived from the Greek word ὄρος (oros), meaning 'mountain', suggesting 'mountain dweller' or 'one from the mountains'. The Orestae were a people group inhabiting a mountainous region.

G1387

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-loh-foh-nee-THEYS

Translations: having been murdered, having been treacherously slain, having been assassinated

Notes: This word is a participle indicating an action that has been completed in the past. It describes someone who has been murdered, specifically through treachery or deceit. It is often used to describe the assassination of a ruler or a significant figure. In a sentence, it would function similarly to an adjective, modifying a noun to describe their state of having been murdered.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAIS

Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave

Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G1224

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: dee-AH-bas

Translations: a crossing, a passage, one who crosses, crossing over, passable

Notes: This word refers to the act of crossing over or passing through something, or a place where one crosses, such as a ford or a pass. It can also describe someone or something that is crossing or capable of being crossed. It is often used in contexts involving movement from one side to another, like crossing a river or a sea.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (as a noun/participle); Masculine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Feminine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural (as a participle)

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣΜΑ, ΠΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΑΣ is derived from the verb διαβαίνω (diabainō), meaning 'to step across, to pass through'. It is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the root βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G1670

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hel-lay-SPON-ton

Translations: Hellespont

Notes: This word refers to the Hellespont, a narrow strait in northwestern Turkey connecting the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara. It is a significant geographical feature in ancient history, often mentioned in accounts of military campaigns and mythological narratives. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Hellespont" is derived from Greek mythology, referring to Helle, a daughter of Athamas, who drowned there. The second part, "pontos," means "sea."

G3528, G3529

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: NEE-kah

Translations: conquer, prevail, overcome, be victorious, win, victory, a victory, Nike

Notes: This word can function as a verb meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome', often used in the imperative form to command someone to be victorious. It can also be a noun meaning 'victory' or 'triumph'. Additionally, 'ΝΙΚΑ' can be a proper noun, referring to the goddess Nike, who personified victory, or as a personal name. Its meaning depends heavily on the grammatical context in which it is used.

Inflection: Present Active Imperative (2nd Person Singular), Nominative Singular (Feminine), Vocative Singular (Feminine)

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ, ΘΡΙΑΜΒΕΥΩ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: grah-nee-KO

Translations: Granicus, at Granicus

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the Granicus River, a river in ancient Mysia and Phrygia (modern-day Turkey). It is famous as the site of the Battle of the Granicus, where Alexander the Great achieved his first major victory against the Persian Empire in 334 BC. In the provided context, 'ἐπὶ Γρανικῷ' means 'at Granicus' or 'on the Granicus'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Granicus' is of ancient origin, likely pre-Greek, referring to the river in Asia Minor. Its precise etymology is uncertain.

G4820

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-bal-OHN

Translations: having met, having engaged, having contributed, having conferred, having joined battle

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'συμβάλλω' (symballō), which is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It generally means 'to throw together', 'to bring together', 'to meet', 'to encounter', 'to engage in battle', 'to contribute', or 'to confer'. As a participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb, often translated as 'having met' or 'having engaged'. It can be used to describe someone who has joined forces, encountered an opponent, or contributed to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-el-THOHN

Translations: having come upon, having come over, having come, having gone, having attacked, having arrived, having approached

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon' or 'to go over'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has arrived, approached, or even attacked. It is often used to describe an action that precedes another, functioning similarly to an English 'having done X' construction.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΦΙΚΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ai-OH-nee-an

Translations: eternal, everlasting, perpetual, an eternal, an everlasting

Notes: This word describes something that is without beginning or end, existing for an infinite duration. It is often used to refer to God's nature, the afterlife, or a covenant that is permanent. It can be used to modify nouns, indicating their timeless quality.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ἈΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΩΝΙΟΣ (aiōnios) is derived from the noun ΑἸΩΝ (aiōn), meaning 'age' or 'eternity'. It describes something pertaining to an age or eternity.

G1396

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-LOH-sah-MEH-nos

Translations: having enslaved, having subjected, having brought into bondage, having made a slave

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δουλόω' (douloō), meaning 'to enslave' or 'to bring into bondage'. As an aorist middle participle, it describes an action completed in the past, where the subject performed the action upon themselves or for their own benefit, or simply indicates the subject's involvement in the action of enslaving or subjecting. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'having enslaved' or 'having subjected'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΔΟΥΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G2007

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-drah-MOHN

Translations: having run upon, having rushed upon, having attacked, having overrun, having invaded

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having run upon' or 'having rushed upon'. It describes an action that occurred suddenly or decisively in the past, often implying a quick movement towards or against something. It can be used to describe someone who suddenly attacks or invades a place.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΡΑΜΩΝ, ΕΙΣΔΡΑΜΩΝ, ΕΦΟΡΜΗΣΑΣ

G3828

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: pam-fy-LEE-ah

Translations: Pamphylia

Notes: Pamphylia was an ancient region on the southern coast of Asia Minor, between Lycia and Cilicia, extending from the Mediterranean Sea to the Taurus Mountains. It was known for its fertile plains and was a Roman province. The word itself means 'of all tribes' or 'of every race', referring to the diverse population of the region.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Pamphylia is derived from the Greek words πᾶν (pan, 'all') and φυλή (phylē, 'tribe' or 'race'), indicating a land inhabited by people of all races or tribes. This reflects the diverse ethnic composition of the region in antiquity.

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-BAH-len

Translations: he threw upon, he cast upon, he laid upon, he put upon, he imposed, he began, he fell upon, he attacked

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to throw upon,' 'to cast upon,' 'to lay upon,' or 'to impose.' It can also mean 'to begin' or 'to fall upon' someone, implying an attack or seizure. Its meaning can vary depending on the context and the case of the object it takes. For example, it can refer to imposing a tax, laying hands on someone, or beginning an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΤΊΘΗΜΙ, ἘΠΙΦΈΡΩ, ἘΠΙΤΕΛΈΩ

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DEH-loh-tai

Translations: it has been made clear, it has been shown, it has been declared, it has been revealed

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' or 'to declare.' In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present, specifically that something 'has been made clear' or 'has been shown.' It is used to state a fact that is now evident or established.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1184

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: day-no-pa-THOO-n-tes

Translations: suffering terribly, being distressed, being in great distress, being afflicted, being in great affliction

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'suffering terribly' or 'being greatly distressed'. It describes someone who is experiencing severe hardship or affliction. It is a compound word formed from 'δεινός' (deinos), meaning 'terrible' or 'dreadful', and 'πάσχω' (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It is used to describe a state of intense suffering or distress.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΑΙ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G246

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: al-LO-foo-loh

Translations: of another tribe, of another nation, of foreigners, of aliens, of Philistines

Notes: This word is a compound word derived from 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other', and 'φυλή' (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'nation'. It refers to someone belonging to a different tribe, nation, or race, often implying a foreigner or an alien. In a specific biblical context, it can refer to the Philistines, who were considered foreigners by the Israelites. It is used to describe people who are not part of one's own group or people.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ

G4924

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soon-oy-KOON-tah

Translations: dwelling with, living together with, cohabiting, those dwelling with, those living together with

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'dwelling with' or 'living together with'. It describes someone or something that shares a dwelling or lives in close association with another. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to 'one who dwells with' or 'those who dwell with'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΙΖΩ

G3348

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-KHEIN

Translations: to partake, to share in, to have a share in, to participate in

Notes: This word means to have a share in something, to participate in it, or to partake of it. It implies a joint possession or involvement with others. It is often followed by a genitive case to indicate what is being shared or participated in.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΕΧΩ is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'among', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to have with' or 'to hold among', leading to the sense of sharing or partaking.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-soo-NAYS

Translations: of high priesthood, of the high priesthood, of the office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or dignity of the high priest. It is a compound word formed from 'chief' (ἈΡΧΙ-) and 'priesthood' (ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ). It describes the position or function held by the chief priest.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ is a compound of two Greek words: ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal,' and ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (hierōsynē), meaning 'priesthood.' It literally means 'chief priesthood' or 'chief priestly office.'

G4714

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ess-tah-see-AH-zon

Translations: they were in dissension, they were at variance, they were in rebellion, they were revolting

Notes: This word describes a state of being in dissension, at variance, or in rebellion. It indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, suggesting that a group of people were continuously or habitually engaged in conflict or opposition against authority or each other. It implies a state of internal strife or civil unrest.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΧΟΝΕΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΕΩ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word στασιάζω (stasiazo) comes from the Greek word στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing, a party, a faction, dissension, rebellion'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-GOON-toh

Translations: they were leading, they were guiding, they were ruling, they were considering, they were thinking, they were believing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle or passive indicative form of the verb ἩΓΈΟΜΑΙ. In the middle voice, it means 'to lead, guide, or rule,' often implying leadership or authority. In the passive voice, it can mean 'to be led' or 'to be considered.' It is also frequently used to mean 'to consider, think, or believe,' especially in the sense of holding an opinion or estimation.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΑΡΧΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3891

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MEIN

Translations: to act unlawfully, to transgress, to violate the law, to break the law

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to act contrary to law or custom. It describes the act of transgressing, violating, or breaking a law, whether divine or human. It can be used in contexts where someone is doing something illegal or morally wrong.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word παρανομέω (paranomeō) is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, contrary to', and νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law'. Thus, it literally means 'to act contrary to law'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G0246

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-fy-looss

Translations: foreigners, strangers, aliens, people of another tribe

Notes: This word refers to people of a different race, tribe, or nation. In a biblical context, it often denotes non-Israelites or those who are not part of the chosen people. It is used to describe those who are 'other' or 'alien' in terms of origin or affiliation.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other, different', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe, race, nation'.

G2842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-noh-NEE-ahs

Translations: of fellowship, of participation, of communion, of sharing, of contribution, of partnership

Notes: This word refers to the state of having something in common, sharing, or participating with others. It can describe a close relationship or association, a joint undertaking, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in a religious context to describe spiritual communion or fellowship among believers.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΔΕΣΜΟΣ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-KOHN

Translations: (of) bad things, (of) evils, (of) calamities, (of) troubles

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ', meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. When used substantively, as it often is in the genitive plural, it refers to 'evils', 'calamities', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are harmful, morally corrupt, or cause distress. It can be used to describe the source or nature of something negative.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It is related to words signifying 'to hurt' or 'to wound'.

G0159

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ai-TI-on

Translations: cause, a cause, reason, a reason, responsible, guilty, blame

Notes: This word refers to the cause or reason for something, or someone who is responsible or guilty for an action or outcome. It can function as both a noun, meaning 'a cause' or 'a reason,' and as an adjective, meaning 'responsible' or 'guilty.' It is often used to identify the origin or source of an event or state.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΙΑ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΑΡΧΗ

Etymology: The word originates from the Greek verb αἰτέω (aitéō), meaning 'to ask, beg, or demand.' Over time, it evolved to refer to that which is asked for or demanded as a reason or cause.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4136

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-mmeh-LEH-sai

Translations: to err, to do wrong, to make a mistake, to sin

Notes: This word means to make a mistake, to err, or to do something wrong. It implies a deviation from what is right or proper, often in a moral or ethical sense, but can also refer to a simple error or misstep. It is used to describe actions that are out of tune or discordant, like a musical note played incorrectly.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΑΣΤΟΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'πλήμμη' (plēmmē), meaning 'full tide' or 'overflow,' and 'μέλος' (melos), meaning 'melody' or 'limb.' It originally referred to a musical note that was out of tune, then broadened to mean any error or wrong action.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G71

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-gah-GESS-thai

Translations: to lead, to bring, to take, to carry, to marry, to bring in, to bring up

Notes: This is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ἄγω' (agō). It generally means 'to lead' or 'to bring'. In the middle voice, it can often imply 'to bring for oneself' or 'to take for oneself', which in certain contexts, especially when referring to a woman, translates to 'to marry' or 'to take as a wife'. It can also mean 'to carry' or 'to bring up' (as in raising children).

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEH-leh-on

Translations: they were commanding, they were ordering, they were urging, they were bidding

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' 'to urge,' or 'to bid.' It describes an action of giving instructions or directives. In this form, it indicates that a group of people (they) were in the process of giving a command or order in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κέλλω (kello, 'to drive, to urge').

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ee-EH-nai

Translations: to approach, to come to, to go to, to come near, to allow to come, to permit to come

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive of the verb προσίημι (prosiēmi). It means to approach or come near to someone or something. It can also mean to allow or permit someone to come. It is often used in contexts where a person or thing moves towards another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ

Etymology: The word προσίημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning "to, toward, with," and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning "to send, to throw, to put in motion." Thus, it literally means "to send oneself toward" or "to put oneself in motion toward."

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G1407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-GON-tos

Translations: restraining, hindering, preventing, keeping back, shutting in, confining

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'restraining' or 'hindering'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be used to describe someone who is actively preventing something from happening or keeping someone confined. In the genitive case, as seen here, it often indicates the agent of an action or a circumstance.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Sah-nah-bal-LEH-teen

Translations: Sanaballethen

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a name or a place name, possibly a variant or misspelling of 'Sanballat' (Σαναβαλλάτ). In the provided context, it seems to refer to a person or entity associated with Manasseh and Darius. It does not inflect in the typical manner of common nouns or verbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: This word is likely a transliteration of a foreign name into Greek. It is possibly a variant or misspelling of 'Sanballat', a name of Persian or Babylonian origin, known from the Old Testament.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tee-MACE

Translations: of honor, of value, of price, of a price, of an honor

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to honor, value, or price. It is used to express the worth, esteem, or cost associated with a person, object, or action. It can denote the respect given to someone, the monetary value of something, or the inherent worth of a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΤΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΗ (timē) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G3176

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-GISS-tays

Translations: (of) greatest, (of) largest, (of) mightiest, (of) most important

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the adjective 'μέγιστος' (megistos), meaning 'greatest' or 'largest'. It is the superlative form of 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great'. It is used to describe something as being the most significant, largest, or most powerful among a group of feminine nouns. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'of the greatest city' or 'of the most important virtue'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΤΑΤΗΣ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΗΣ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The root word ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'great' or 'large'. The superlative form ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ (megistos) is formed from this root.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G3887

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-meh-NOO-sees

Translations: (of) remaining, (of) abiding, (of) continuing, (of) enduring, (of) staying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'paramenō', meaning 'to remain alongside', 'to abide', 'to continue', or 'to endure'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or has a continuous nature. In this genitive feminine singular form, it often modifies a noun that is also genitive, indicating possession or relationship, or it can be used in a genitive absolute construction to describe a circumstance or time.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΟΥΣΗΣ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΟΥΣΗΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4520

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-nah-bal-LEH-too

Translations: of Sanballat

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun Sanballat. Sanballat was a prominent figure mentioned in the Old Testament, particularly in the Book of Nehemiah, known as an opponent of Nehemiah's efforts to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Sanballat' means something belonging to or related to Sanballat.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Sanballat is of Akkadian or Babylonian origin, possibly meaning 'Sin (the moon god) has given life' or 'Sin has healed'. It was a common name in the ancient Near East.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EX-ayn

Translations: to provide, to furnish, to supply, to offer, to grant, to cause, to present, to afford

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō). It means 'to provide' or 'to furnish' something to someone. It can also mean 'to offer' or 'to grant' a benefit or service. In a broader sense, it can imply 'to cause' or 'to present' a certain state or condition. It is often used in contexts where one person or entity makes something available to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΕΙΝ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to hold alongside' or 'to have ready', which evolved into 'to provide' or 'to furnish'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pis-KHNOO-meh-noo

Translations: of promising, of one promising, of one who promises, of one being promised, of one who is promised

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to promise'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of promising or has promised. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or relationship, meaning 'of one who promises' or 'of that which is promised'. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, providing additional information about them.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DEIK-sein

Translations: to show, to demonstrate, to prove, to appoint, to declare

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to show forth,' 'to demonstrate,' 'to prove,' or 'to appoint.' It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show.' It is used to indicate the act of making something clear, evident, or establishing its truth, often through evidence or argument. It can also refer to the act of appointing someone to a position or declaring something to be true.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G2032

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AR-khen

Translations: was ruling over, was governing, was in charge of, was presiding over

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rule over,' 'to govern,' or 'to be in charge of.' It describes an ongoing or continuous action in the past, indicating that someone was exercising authority or control over a place or people.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπάρχω (eparchō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over,' and the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin.'

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-non

Translations: wanting, wishing, intending, desiring, purposing, choosing, a wanting one, the one wanting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to want' or 'to wish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is wanting or wishing to do something. It often conveys the idea of a deliberate choice or intention, rather than a mere emotional desire.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

G4927

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-oy-KEIN

Translations: to live together, to dwell together, to cohabit, to marry

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'συν' (together with) and 'οἰκέω' (to dwell, to live). It means to live together with someone, often implying a marital or cohabiting relationship. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean to share a dwelling or to be associated with someone in a living arrangement.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΖΑΩ, ΣΥΜΒΙΟΩ

Etymology: The word συνοικέω (sunoikeō) is derived from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to live'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GON-tos

Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of calling, of meaning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ', meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a genitive participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of an action, such as 'while saying' or 'when he was speaking'. It can also function adjectivally, modifying a noun in the genitive case, meaning 'of the one saying'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G5607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things that are, beings, real things

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is or exists. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating a state of being or existence. It can refer to 'those who are' or 'things that are', depending on the context and gender.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter Plural; or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es- meaning 'to be'. It is a fundamental verb in many Indo-European languages.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-ri-ZEIN

Translations: Gerizim, Mount Gerizim

Notes: This word refers to Mount Gerizim, a sacred mountain in Samaria. It is often mentioned in historical and religious texts, particularly in the context of the Samaritans who consider it their holy place, in contrast to Jerusalem for the Jews. The phrase 'ἐν Γαριζειν' means 'in Gerizim' or 'on Mount Gerizim'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Gerizim' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the root 'garaz' meaning 'to cut off' or 'to divide'. It refers to the mountain's geographical features or its historical role as a place of division.

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ROOS

Translations: (of) mountain, (of) a mountain, (of) hill, (of) a hill

Notes: ὈΡΟΥΣ is the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun ὈΡΟΣ, which means 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated as 'of a mountain' or 'from a mountain'. It can refer to a literal elevated landmass or be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a natural elevation of the earth's surface.

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-ee-an

Translations: Samaria

Notes: This word refers to Samaria, a historical and biblical region in the ancient Near East, located in the central highlands of the Land of Israel. It was the capital city of the northern Kingdom of Israel and later a Roman province. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating motion towards or extension over a place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It refers to the hill on which the city of Samaria was built.

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: oh-RON

Translations: seeing, looking, perceiving, observing, a seeing one

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'horao', meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of seeing or observing. It can be used to describe a person who is seeing, or to indicate the action of seeing in a continuous sense.

Inflection: Singular, Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: BLEPO, THEOREO, EIDO

Etymology: The word 'horao' (from which 'orōn' is derived) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is related to the Latin 'video' and English 'wit' or 'wise', indicating a connection to perception and knowledge.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hyp-see-LOH-tah-ton

Translations: highest, a highest, most high, a most high, loftiest, a loftiest, most exalted, a most exalted

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ὑψηλός' (hypsēlos), meaning 'high' or 'lofty'. As a superlative, it means 'highest', 'most high', 'loftiest', or 'most exalted'. It is used to describe something that is at the greatest height or of the greatest eminence or importance. In the provided examples, it describes the 'highest' elephant or the 'highest' tower of a fortress.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΚΡΟΤΑΤΟΣ

G1861

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ep-ang-ghel-LOH-meh-noo

Translations: promising, one who promises, of one who promises

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epangellō', meaning 'to promise' or 'to announce'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of promising. In this form, it refers to 'the one who is promising' or 'of the one who is promising', indicating an ongoing action of making a promise or declaration.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Middle or Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ὙΠΙΣΧΝΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΔΙΔΟΝΤΟΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1869

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ar-THEIS

Translations: lifted up, exalted, raised, carried away, elated, swollen with pride

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epairō', meaning 'to lift up' or 'to raise'. As a participle, it describes an action or state related to the main verb of a sentence. It can convey the sense of being physically lifted or raised, but often it refers to being mentally or emotionally elevated, such as being elated, proud, or arrogant. It can also describe someone who is carried away by emotion or promises.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΨΩΘΕΙΣ, ΑΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΞΑΡΘΕΙΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SAH-nah-BAL-leh-tay

Translations: Sanballat

Notes: This word refers to Sanballat, a prominent figure mentioned in the Old Testament, particularly in the Book of Nehemiah. He was a Samaritan leader and an opponent of Nehemiah's efforts to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. The name is of foreign origin, likely Babylonian or Persian, and was transliterated into Greek.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Etymology: The name Sanballat is of foreign origin, likely Babylonian or Persian, and its exact meaning is debated, though it may relate to the moon god Sin. It was transliterated into Hebrew and then into Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neen

Translations: high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or position of a high priest. It is a compound word, combining 'ἈΡΧΙ' (archi), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', with 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (hierosyne), meaning 'priesthood'. It describes the state or function of being a high priest, often in a religious or ceremonial context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (archierōsynē) is derived from the combination of the prefix ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and the noun ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (hierōsynē), meaning 'priesthood'.

G3633

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: OY-oh-MEH-nos

Translations: thinking, supposing, imagining, believing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to think' or 'to suppose'. It describes someone who is currently thinking, supposing, or imagining something. It is often used to indicate a person's belief or opinion about a situation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟἼΟΜΑΙ (oiomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *oi- meaning 'to think' or 'to suppose'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DON-tos

Translations: (of) giving, (of) having given, (of) granting, (of) entrusting

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'didōmi', which means 'to give' or 'to grant'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action of giving or having given. It can be used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun is the one who is giving, or it can function adverbially, describing the circumstances under which an action occurs, often translated as 'when he gave' or 'by giving'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΔΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BAH-ee-nen

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it resulted, it turned out, it befell

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (to go). It means 'to go together with' or 'to come together', and by extension, 'to happen', 'to occur', or 'to turn out'. It describes an event or outcome that takes place, often implying a natural or logical consequence. It is frequently used impersonally, as in 'it happened that...' or 'it came to pass that...'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Its meaning evolved from 'to go together' to 'to come to pass' or 'to happen'.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G4245

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-ron

Translations: older, elder, more ancient, a presbyter, an elder

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective or noun 'presbyteros'. As an adjective, it means 'older' or 'elder', often used to compare age or seniority. As a noun, it refers to an 'elder' or 'presbyter', a person of advanced age or a leader in a community, particularly in religious contexts. It can be used to describe someone who is more senior in age or position than another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ, ΓΕΡΩΝ

G4120

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-pep-leg-MEH-non

Translations: entangled, interwoven, involved, intertwined, complicated

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been entangled' or 'having been interwoven'. It describes something that has become intricately connected or involved with something else. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἘΠΙ- (epi-), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the root ΠΛΕΚΩ (plekō), meaning 'to plait', 'to weave', or 'to entangle'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΠΛΕΚΩ, ΕΜΠΛΕΚΩ

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TEH-khen

Translations: he was holding, she was holding, it was holding, he was possessing, she was possessing, it was possessing, he was restraining, she was restraining, it was restraining, he was occupying, she was occupying, it was occupying, he was keeping back, she was keeping back, it was keeping back

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person singular form of the verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. The verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ means to hold down, hold fast, possess, occupy, restrain, or keep back. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a firm grip or control over something or someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ta-ra-KHEE

Translations: trouble, disturbance, a disturbance, agitation, commotion, a commotion

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, disturbance, or commotion. It can describe a physical upheaval, a mental or emotional distress, or a general state of disorder. It is often used to describe a tumultuous situation or a feeling of inner turmoil.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ταράσσω (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble, disturb, stir up'.

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PHIS-tahn-toh

Translations: they were withdrawing, they were departing, they were revolting, they were standing away, they were falling away

Notes: This word describes an action of moving away or separating from something or someone. It can imply a physical departure, a withdrawal, or a more abstract sense of apostasy or rebellion, meaning to fall away from a belief or allegiance. It is often used to describe people distancing themselves from a group, a place, or a set of principles.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to stand away from'.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes

Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2733

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-toy-KAY-sin

Translations: dwelling, habitation, residence, a dwelling, a habitation, a residence

Notes: This word refers to the act of dwelling or residing in a place, or the place itself where one lives. It can describe a permanent home or a temporary lodging. It is often used to denote a place of habitation or a settlement.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΜΟΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ (katoikēsis) is derived from the verb κατοικέω (katoikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. This verb is itself a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'in', and οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which comes from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house'.

G0000

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-meh-RI-zon-tos

Translations: dividing, distributing, apportioning, separating, setting apart

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'dividing' or 'distributing'. It describes an ongoing action of separating or apportioning something. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'μερίζω' (merizō), meaning 'to divide' or 'to share'. Thus, it implies a division or distribution away from a whole.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΝΕΜΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soom-fee-loh-kah-LOON-tos

Translations: of one who loves the beautiful with others, of one who shares a love for beauty, of one who shares a love for what is noble

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb συμφιλοκαλέω, meaning 'to love the beautiful with others' or 'to share a love for what is noble'. It describes someone who participates with others in the appreciation or pursuit of beauty, goodness, or excellence. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'of X' or 'belonging to X'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Etymology: The word is a compound of three elements: σύν (syn, 'with, together'), φίλος (philos, 'loving, dear'), and καλός (kalos, 'beautiful, good'). The verb συμφιλοκαλέω is formed from these elements, and the participle συμφιλοκαλοῦντος is derived from this verb. It reflects a concept of shared appreciation for beauty or excellence.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4523

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sah-TRAH-pass

Translations: satrap, a satrap

Notes: A satrap was a governor of a province in the ancient Persian empire. The term was also used for governors of other ancient empires, such as the Babylonian empire. It refers to a high-ranking official appointed by a king to administer a region.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word "satrap" is of Old Persian origin, derived from "xšaθrapāvan", meaning "protector of the province" or "protector of the kingdom". It entered Greek through contact with the Persian Empire.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: grah-nee-KON

Translations: Granicus

Notes: This word refers to the Granicus River, a river in ancient Mysia and Bithynia in Asia Minor. It is most famous as the site of the Battle of the Granicus, the first major battle fought by Alexander the Great against the Persian Empire in 334 BC. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this geographical location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The name 'Granicus' is of ancient Greek origin, referring to the river in Asia Minor. Its precise etymology beyond being a geographical name is not widely documented.

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khee

Translations: battle, fight, conflict, a battle, a fight, a conflict

Notes: This word refers to a physical combat or a struggle, often involving a clash of opposing forces. It can describe a literal battle or a more general conflict or dispute. It is used to denote an engagement between individuals or groups.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power, to fight'. It is related to words signifying strength or combat.

G4397

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pro-SOH-teh-roh

Translations: further, farther, more forward, onward

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'further' or 'farther'. It is the comparative form of the adverb 'πρόσω' (prosō), which means 'forward' or 'onward'. It indicates a greater distance or advancement in space or time. For example, it can be used to say 'go further' or 'move farther along'.

Inflection: Comparative Adverb, Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΠΕΡΑΙΤΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the adverb 'πρόσω' (prosō), meaning 'forward' or 'onward', with the comparative suffix -τερω. 'Πρόσω' itself comes from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with'.

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khoh-REH-ee

Translations: goes, proceeds, makes room, contains, holds, advances, has room, makes way, gives way

Notes: This verb describes movement, often implying progression or making space. It can mean to go, proceed, or advance. It can also refer to having capacity, such as to contain or hold something, or to make room for something. In some contexts, it can mean to give way or withdraw.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From the noun χώρα (chōra), meaning 'place' or 'space'. The verb literally means 'to make space' or 'to go to a place'.

G2462

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ip-pee-KAYN

Translations: equestrian, of horses, of cavalry, a cavalry, a cavalry force

Notes: This word describes something related to horses or cavalry. It is an adjective that can be used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun pertains to horses, horsemen, or the art of horsemanship. For example, it could refer to a cavalry unit or equestrian skills.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΠΠΕΥΣ, ΙΠΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΠΠΙΚΟΣ (hippikos) is derived from the noun ἵππος (hippos), meaning 'horse'. It refers to anything pertaining to horses or horsemanship.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G4867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ah-THROI-zen

Translations: he was gathering, he was collecting, he was assembling

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning "to gather together," "to collect," or "to assemble." It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is formed from the preposition "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb "ἀθροίζω" (athroizō), meaning "to gather" or "to collect." It is typically used to describe the act of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ (athroizō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect.' ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ itself comes from the word ἄθροος (athroos), meaning 'crowded' or 'in a mass,' which is related to ἀθρόος (athroos), meaning 'together in a crowd.'

G1231

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ag-NOOS

Translations: having ascertained, having known fully, having decided, having determined, having discerned

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'διαγιγνώσκω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has fully come to know, discern, or decide something. It can be translated as 'having ascertained' or 'having decided', and functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, modifying a noun or verb to show the result of a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΝΟΥΣ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ, ΚΡΙΝΑΣ

Etymology: The word διαγιγνώσκω is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Thus, it signifies 'to know thoroughly' or 'to discern completely'.

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-ON-tas

Translations: those coming upon, those approaching, those attacking

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ἔπειμι (epeimi), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to approach'. It often carries the connotation of hostile approach, such as 'attacking' or 'assailing'. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are coming upon' or 'those who are attacking'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ἔπειμι (epeimi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb εἶμι (eimi), meaning 'to go' or 'to come'.

G2694

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STREP-sah-sthai

Translations: to overthrow, to destroy, to subdue, to bring to an end, to ruin, to devastate, to turn upside down, to put an end to, to accomplish, to finish

Notes: ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΨΑΣΘΑΙ is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn). In the active voice, it means 'to overthrow' or 'to destroy'. In the middle voice, as here, it often implies performing the action for oneself or with a personal interest, thus 'to overthrow for oneself', 'to subdue for oneself', or 'to bring to an end for oneself'. It can be used to describe the destruction of cities, the subjugation of enemies, or the completion of tasks.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ is derived from the prefix ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn). It signifies turning something down or over, leading to its overthrow or destruction.

G4008

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: peh-rah-ee-OH-seh-meh-noss

Translations: having crossed over, having passed through, having transported

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning "having crossed over" or "having passed through." It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the result continuing into the present. It is used to indicate that the subject has successfully traversed a body of water or a difficult terrain.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Perfect, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2791

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kee-LEE-kee-on

Translations: Cilician

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Cilician,' referring to something or someone from Cilicia, an ancient region in southeastern Asia Minor. It is used to describe nouns that originate from or are associated with Cilicia, such as 'Cilician mountain' or 'Cilician city.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word ΚΙΛΙΚΙΑ (Kilikia) refers to the ancient region of Cilicia in Asia Minor. The adjective ΚΙΛΙΚΙΟΝ is derived directly from this geographical name.

G5223

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-el-THOHN

Translations: having gone over, having passed over, having crossed over, having overcome

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having gone over' or 'having passed over'. It is a compound word formed from 'hyper' (over, beyond) and 'erchomai' (to come, to go). It describes an action of moving across or beyond something, often implying overcoming an obstacle or traversing a boundary. It can be used to describe someone who has completed the action of crossing or passing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΛΘΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΛΘΩΝ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ISS-so

Translations: Issus

Notes: Issus is a proper noun referring to an ancient city in Cilicia, a region in what is now modern-day Turkey. It is historically significant as the site of the Battle of Issus in 333 BC, where Alexander the Great defeated Darius III of Persia. In the provided context, it is used to indicate a location.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Issus' is of ancient origin, referring to a city in Cilicia. Its precise etymological roots are not definitively established but are likely pre-Greek.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oos

Translations: enemies, hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone. It is often used as a substantive noun to mean 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. In a sentence, it would typically describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation. Thus, πολεμίος means 'belonging to war' or 'hostile', and by extension, 'an enemy'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3164

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: mah-KHEH-soh-meh-nos

Translations: about to fight, intending to fight, going to fight

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'μάχομαι' (machomai), meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'. As a future participle, it indicates an action that is about to happen or an intention to perform an action. It describes someone who is on the verge of fighting or has the purpose of engaging in a conflict. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, indicating purpose or future action.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Future, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΓΩΝΙΣΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2237

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: hees-THEIS

Translations: having been pleased, having delighted, having rejoiced, delighted, pleased

Notes: This word is a past participle derived from the verb 'hēdomai', meaning 'to be pleased' or 'to delight in'. It describes someone who has experienced pleasure or delight. It is often used to indicate a state of being pleased or a past action of taking delight in something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'having been pleased by the news, he smiled'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΝΘΕΙΣ, ΧΑΡΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ἥδομαι (hēdomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sweh₂d- meaning 'sweet, pleasant'.

G2606

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-say

Translations: (to) descent, (to) a descent, (to) going down

Notes: This word refers to the act of descending or going down, or a place where one descends, such as a slope or a pass. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the root of βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. It can be used to describe a physical movement downwards or a specific location that involves a downward path.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ΚΑΘΟΔΟΣ

G4522

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Sah-nah-BAL-leh-tays

Translations: Sanballat

Notes: Sanballat was a historical figure, a Samaritan leader and governor of Samaria during the time of Nehemiah in the Old Testament. He is primarily known for his opposition to Nehemiah's efforts to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. The name is of foreign origin, likely Babylonian or Persian.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Sanballat is of Akkadian or Babylonian origin, possibly meaning 'Sin (the moon god) has given life' or 'Sin has healed'. It is a foreign name adopted into Greek.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-LEH-seen

Translations: to complete, to finish, to accomplish, to fulfill, to perform, to pay

Notes: ΤΕΛΕΣΕΙΝ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ. It means 'to complete' or 'to finish' an action, often implying bringing something to its intended end or perfection. It can also mean 'to accomplish' a task, 'to fulfill' a prophecy, or 'to pay' a debt or tax. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-PEYS-toh

Translations: he had been persuaded, he was convinced, he had been convinced, he was persuaded

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular perfect passive indicative or imperative form of the verb 'πείθω' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to convince'. In the perfect passive, it describes a state of having been persuaded or convinced, indicating a settled conviction or belief. It can be used to say 'he had been persuaded' or 'he was convinced'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative or Imperative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (to command, to urge, to persuade).

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

G0773

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEE-ah

Translations: Asia

Notes: This word refers to the Roman province of Asia, located in western Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). It was a significant region in the ancient world, frequently mentioned in historical and biblical texts. It is used to denote the geographical area.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Asia' is of ancient origin, possibly from an Anatolian or Akkadian word. It was used by the Greeks to refer to the land east of the Aegean Sea, eventually encompassing the entire continent.

G3361, G3366

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MAYD

Translations: not, lest, neither, nor, not even

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express prohibition, a negative condition, or a negative wish. It often appears in conjunction with other words, such as in the compound word 'μηδέ' (neither, nor, not even) or 'μηδαμῶς' (by no means). It is used with the subjunctive mood to forbid an action or express a negative purpose. It can also indicate a negative consequence or a fear that something might happen.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂- (not). It is a primary negative particle, expressing a subjective or conditional negation.

G2240

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEK-sane

Translations: to come, to have come, to arrive

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive of the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to come' or 'to arrive'. It describes an action of coming or arriving that is expected to happen in the future. It is often used in indirect statements or to express purpose or result.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- ('to follow'). It is related to Latin sequor ('to follow') and English 'sequence'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G0576

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-BEE

Translations: it turned out, it resulted, it happened, it came to pass

Notes: This word describes an outcome or result, indicating that something turned out or happened in a particular way. It is often used to describe the conclusion of events or actions. For example, 'the plan turned out well' or 'it resulted in peace'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποβαίνω (apobainō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go away from' or 'to step off', which evolved to mean 'to turn out' or 'to result'.

G2274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: heet-TAY-thay

Translations: was defeated, was overcome, was vanquished

Notes: This verb describes the state of being defeated, overcome, or vanquished in a contest, battle, or argument. It is used to indicate that someone or something has lost or succumbed to an opponent. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The army was defeated' or 'He was overcome by his emotions.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΟΜΑΙ, ΗΣΣΑΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΗΤΤΑΩ (hettaō) comes from the noun ἧττα (hētta), meaning 'defeat' or 'inferiority'. It is related to the comparative adjective ἥσσων (hēssōn), meaning 'lesser' or 'inferior'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-sas

Translations: having destroyed, having lost, having ruined, having perished, having killed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi), meaning 'to destroy,' 'to lose,' 'to ruin,' or 'to perish.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates someone who has completed the action of destroying, losing, or perishing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΣΑΣ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΩΝ, ΑΠΟΛΩΛΕΚΩΣ

Etymology: The verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose.'

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leef-THEN-tone

Translations: of those who were taken, of those who were received, of those who were seized, of those who were caught

Notes: This word is the genitive plural, aorist passive participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' 'to seize,' or 'to grasp.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is being done to the subject. In this form, it refers to 'those who were taken' or 'those who had been received/seized.' It often implies a group of people or things that have undergone the action of being taken or captured.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΘΕΝΤΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΕΝΤΩΝ

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: A-ree

Translations: he takes, she takes, it takes, he lifts, she lifts, it lifts, he carries, she carries, it carries, he removes, she removes, it removes

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to take, lift, carry, or remove. It is used to describe an action where something is picked up, carried away, or taken possession of. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying either a physical act of lifting or a more abstract act of taking away or choosing.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΠΑΙΡΩ

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-KSEE-oo

Translations: was thinking worthy, was deeming worthy, was demanding, was asking, was requesting, was claiming, was expecting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'axioō'. It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to demand.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was continuously or repeatedly considering something worthy, or making a request or demand. It often implies a sense of entitlement or a belief that one has a right to something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ah

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This word refers to a high priest, the chief religious official in ancient Israel. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It is used to denote the head of the priestly order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G0058

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH

Translations: marketplace, a marketplace, market, a market, public square, a public square

Notes: This word refers to a public place of assembly, typically an open space in a city or town. It was used for various purposes, including commerce (a market), legal proceedings, and general public gatherings. It is often translated as 'marketplace' or 'public square'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ, ἘΜΠΟΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀγορά' (Agora) comes from the Greek verb 'ἀγείρω' (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It refers to a place where people gather.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-as-KHEIN

Translations: to provide, to grant, to give, to supply, to afford, to present

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to grant'. It is used to express the action of giving or supplying something, often in a context where a benefit or resource is being made available. It can be used with a dative object indicating to whom something is provided, and an accusative object indicating what is provided.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΟΡΗΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its original sense is 'to hold out' or 'to offer'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TEH-loon

Translations: they were completing, they were performing, they were finishing, they were fulfilling, they were paying, they were bringing to an end

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to complete,' 'to perform,' 'to finish,' 'to fulfill,' or 'to pay.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. For example, it could be used to say 'they were performing the commandments' or 'they were paying the taxes.'

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: From τέλος (telos), meaning 'end' or 'purpose.' The verb signifies bringing something to its end or completion.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DI-DOH-nai

Translations: to give, to grant, to bestow, to offer, to deliver

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to express the action of giving, granting, or delivering something. For example, it can be used in constructions like 'to be able to give' or 'for the purpose of giving'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, characteristic of many verbs in Ancient Greek.

G0138

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-loh-MEH-noos

Translations: having chosen, choosing, having taken, taking, of those who chose, of those who took

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'haireō', meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. It describes someone who has performed the action of taking or choosing. It is often used to indicate a selection or preference made by a subject. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'those having chosen the path' or 'the ones who took the city'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Genitive, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΛΑΒΟΝΤΑΣ

G3340

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-noh-AY-seen

Translations: to repent, to change one's mind, to feel remorse, to regret

Notes: This word describes the act of changing one's mind, often implying a change for the better, a turning away from past actions or beliefs. It can signify a deep regret or remorse that leads to a transformation in behavior or perspective. It is used to express a fundamental shift in one's thinking or purpose.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετανοέω (metanoéō), a compound of μετά (metá, 'with, after, change') and νοέω (noéō, 'to perceive, to think'). It literally means 'to perceive afterwards' or 'to change one's mind'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G611

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-NAH-meh-noo

Translations: answering, having answered, replying, having replied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or like an adverb, indicating the circumstances or time of an action. For example, it can mean 'when he answered' or 'because he answered'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G2198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ZOH-sin

Translations: they live, they are living, they may live, they might live

Notes: This is the third person plural present active subjunctive or indicative form of the verb 'to live'. It describes an action of living or being alive performed by a group of people or things. It can be used to express a general statement about living (indicative) or a wish, possibility, or purpose related to living (subjunctive). For example, 'that they may live' or 'they are living'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G5346

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: fay-SAN-tos

Translations: of having said, of one who said, of saying

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb and indicating an action that occurred prior to the main verb. In this genitive form, it often translates as 'of one who said' or 'of having said', indicating possession or relationship concerning the act of speaking.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ

G3947

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ox-y-NTHEE

Translations: was provoked, was exasperated, was angered, was irritated

Notes: This word describes the state of being intensely provoked, angered, or exasperated. It is used to indicate that the subject of the verb received the action of being stirred up to anger or irritation by an external cause. It often implies a strong emotional reaction.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΘΥΜΟΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παροξύνω (paroxúnō, “to stimulate, incite, provoke”), from παρά (pará, “beside, by”) + ὀξύνω (oxúnō, “to sharpen, incite”).

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KREE-nen

Translations: he judged, he decided, he determined, he condemned, he ruled

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to judge,' 'to decide,' 'to determine,' 'to condemn,' or 'to rule.' It describes an action of making a judgment or decision, often with authority or finality. It is used to indicate that someone has made a definitive choice or rendered a verdict.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to separate, put asunder.'

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-li-PEIN

Translations: to leave behind, to abandon, to forsake, to desert, to depart from, to bequeath

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'καταλείπω'. It is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'λείπω' (to leave). It means to leave something or someone behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It can also refer to leaving something as a legacy or inheritance. It is often used in contexts where someone departs from a place, leaves a person, or abandons a practice.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G00138

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hai-REH-sthai

Translations: to choose, to take, to prefer, to pick up, to lift up, to carry away, to remove, to destroy, to be chosen, to be taken, to choose for oneself

Notes: This is the present middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō). In the middle voice, it means 'to choose for oneself' or 'to prefer'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be chosen' or 'to be taken'. It can also mean 'to take up', 'to lift', 'to carry away', or 'to destroy' depending on the context and voice.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΙΡΩ

G3936

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-stee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having presented, having stood by, having brought forward, having shown, having offered

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having presented oneself' or 'having caused to stand by/before'. It describes an action completed in the past, with the subject performing the action for themselves or on their own behalf. It is often used to indicate that someone has brought someone or something into the presence of another, or has made something available or evident.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΑΓΩΝ, ΕΠΙΔΕΙΞΑΣ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ

G0546

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PEI-lei

Translations: he was threatening, he threatened, he was menacing, he menaced

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἀπειλέω' (apeileō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued for some time. It means 'he was threatening' or 'he threatened', indicating a past act of expressing an intention to harm or punish someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ΑΠΕΙΛΗ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verbal Adjective

Sounds like: foo-LAK-teh-on

Translations: it must be guarded, it must be watched, it must be kept, it must be observed, one must guard, one must watch, one must keep, one must observe

Notes: This word is a verbal adjective (also known as a gerundive) derived from the verb 'phylassō' (to guard, watch, keep). It expresses necessity or obligation, indicating that something 'must be guarded' or 'ought to be watched'. It is typically used impersonally, meaning 'it is necessary to guard' or 'one must guard'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΤΕΟΝ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΗΤΕΟΝ

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: po-nee-KO-te-ron

Translations: more laboriously, with more effort, more toilsome, more laborious

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'πονικός' (laborious) or the adverb 'πονικῶς' (laboriously). It means 'more laboriously' when used as an adverb, indicating that an action is performed with greater effort or difficulty. When used as a neuter singular adjective, it means 'more toilsome' or 'more laborious'. It describes something that requires or involves more work or hardship.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (Adjective); Comparative (Adverb)

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΠΟΝΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΧΑΛΕΠΩΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΝΙΚΩΤΕΡΟΝ' is derived from the adjective 'πονικός' (laborious), which itself comes from 'πόνος' (labor, toil, pain). The suffix '-ώτερον' indicates the comparative degree.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-nos

Translations: using, having used, employing, having employed, dealing with, having dealt with

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who is 'using' or 'having used' something, or 'employing' or 'having employed' a method or resource. It can also imply 'dealing with' or 'having dealt with' a situation or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word χράομαι (chraomai) comes from an earlier form χράω (chraō), meaning 'to furnish what is needful'. It is related to χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', suggesting the idea of handling or dealing with something.

G4147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-lee-OR-kee-ah

Translations: siege, a siege

Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation of surrounding a place and cutting off its supplies to compel its surrender. It is a compound word derived from 'πόλις' (polis, city) and 'ἔργον' (ergon, work/deed), literally meaning 'city-work' or 'city-deed'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb πολιορκέω (poliorkeō, to besiege), which is a compound of πόλις (polis, city) and ἔργον (ergon, work, deed). It literally means 'city-work' or 'city-deed', referring to the act of besieging a city.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-stee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having appointed, having set up, having established, having made, having put in charge

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to set down, appoint, establish, or put someone in charge. As a participle, it describes an action completed by the subject before the main verb of the sentence, often translated as 'having appointed' or 'having established'. It can be used in various contexts, such as appointing officials, establishing laws, or setting up a structure.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The combination implies setting something down or establishing it firmly.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1047

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zan

Translations: Gaza, a treasure, treasure

Notes: This word can refer to two distinct things: the city of Gaza, a significant city in ancient Philistia, or a store of wealth, a treasury, or treasure itself. When referring to the city, it is a proper noun. When referring to treasure, it is a common noun. Its meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'Γάζα' (Gaza) as a proper noun for the city is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning 'strong' or 'fortress'. As a common noun meaning 'treasure', it is believed to be of Persian origin, referring to the royal treasury.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G3543

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-sas

Translations: having supposed, having thought, thinking, supposing, believing, considering

Notes: ΝΟΜΙΣΑΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΝΟΜΙΖΩ. It describes an action that was completed before the action of the main verb in the sentence. It means 'having supposed' or 'having thought', indicating that the subject formed an opinion or belief. It is often used to introduce a clause explaining the reason or basis for the main action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΙΖΩ comes from νόμος (nomos), meaning 'custom' or 'law'. It originally meant 'to do by custom' or 'to hold as a custom', and then evolved to mean 'to believe', 'to suppose', or 'to consider' in accordance with custom or general opinion.

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-TEE-dee-on

Translations: suitable, convenient, necessary, useful, proper, fit, advantageous, a suitable thing, a necessary thing, provisions, supplies

Notes: This word, when used as an adjective, describes something as suitable, convenient, or necessary for a particular purpose or situation. It can also mean useful, proper, or advantageous. When used as a neuter noun, it refers to things that are necessary or useful, such as provisions or supplies. For example, it might describe a suitable place for an army to encamp, or the provisions needed for a journey.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΘΕΤΟΣ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb τηδέω (tēdeō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to attend to'. It originally conveyed the idea of being 'cared for' or 'attended to', thus becoming 'suitable' or 'convenient'.

G1916

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-bo-LEES

Translations: of a casting, of a laying on, of an attack, of a purpose, of a design, of an attempt, of a plan, of an intention

Notes: This word refers to the act of casting or throwing, or the act of laying something upon another. It can also denote an attack or assault. In a more abstract sense, it refers to a purpose, design, plan, or intention. It is used to describe an action or a mental resolve.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΚΟΠΟΣ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΟΛΗ (epibolē) comes from the verb ἐπιβάλλω (epiballō), meaning 'to cast upon' or 'to lay upon'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G0640

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-GNO

Translations: despaired, gave up, renounced, disowned, rejected

Notes: This word means to despair, to give up hope, or to renounce/disown someone or something. It implies a complete abandonment of a person or a situation, often due to a lack of hope or recognition. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of disowning or not recognizing someone.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Thus, it literally means 'to unknow' or 'to cease to know', leading to the sense of disowning or despairing.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ar-kho-MEH-non

Translations: of those beginning, of those ruling, of those being ruled, of those being led, of those commencing

Notes: This word is a genitive plural participle derived from the verb 'archomai', which means 'to begin' or 'to rule/be ruled'. In this form, it refers to 'those who are beginning' or 'those who are being ruled/governed'. It can describe people who are subjects under authority or those who are at the start of an action or process.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lah-BOHN

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having apprehended, having overtaken, having understood, having perceived, having attained

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalambanō', meaning to take hold of, seize, apprehend, overtake, or understand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It can indicate the means by which something happens, the cause, or simply a preceding action. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ar-KHO-me-non

Translations: beginning, starting, a beginning, that which is beginning

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ΑΡΧΩ', meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. As a participle, it describes something that is in the process of beginning or being begun. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the manner of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΧΩ' comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to begin' or 'to lead'. It is related to the noun 'ΑΡΧΗ' (arche), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule'.

G4147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poh-lee-or-KEE-as

Translations: of a siege, of a blockade

Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation where an army surrounds a place to cut off supplies and force its surrender. In the provided context, it refers to the duration or process of a siege.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure', referring to the act of enclosing a city.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-khei

Translations: he rules, she rules, it rules, he begins, she begins, it begins, he reigns, she reigns, it reigns, he leads, she leads, it leads

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rule,' 'to begin,' 'to reign,' or 'to lead.' It describes the action of exercising authority, taking the initiative, or being in charge. It is often used to describe someone who holds a position of power or leadership.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΧΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to begin' or 'to lead.' It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief.'

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DI-do-nai

Translations: to hand over, to deliver, to betray, to commit, to entrust, to give up, to transmit

Notes: This word means to hand over, deliver, or transmit something or someone. It can be used in various contexts, such as handing over a person to authorities, delivering goods, or transmitting traditions or teachings. It can also carry the negative connotation of betraying someone or surrendering something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside, by, along', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to give over'.

G2234

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: HAY-deh-ohs

Translations: gladly, cheerfully, with pleasure, willingly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'gladly' or 'with pleasure'. It describes an action that is performed willingly, joyfully, or with a sense of delight. It indicates a positive disposition towards the action being taken.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word Ἡδέως is derived from the adjective Ἡδύς (hēdys), meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It describes something that is agreeable or delightful.

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G0794

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ahs-MEH-nohs

Translations: gladly, with pleasure, joyfully, eagerly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'gladly' or 'with pleasure'. It describes an action performed with willingness, joy, or eagerness. It is often used to indicate a positive and enthusiastic response to something.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ἀσμενός)

Synonyms: ΗΔΕΩΣ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word ἀσμένως is derived from the adjective ἀσμενός (asmenos), meaning 'glad' or 'well-pleased'. It is related to the verb ἥδομαι (hēdomai), 'to be pleased'.

G4327

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-dek-sa-MEH-noo

Translations: (of) having received, (of) having welcomed, (of) having accepted, (of) having awaited

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'prosdechomai', meaning 'to receive', 'to welcome', 'to accept', or 'to await'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the main verb. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past, often translated as 'having received' or 'having welcomed'. It implies an active and often eager reception.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προσδέχομαι (prosdechomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive, accept'. The combination implies receiving something or someone towards oneself, hence 'to welcome' or 'to await'.

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: thar-RONE

Translations: being confident, having courage, being bold, daring, being of good courage

Notes: ΘΑΡΡΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, meaning 'to be confident' or 'to have courage'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the subject's state or action while performing another verb. It indicates that the subject is acting with confidence or boldness.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ

G4295

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-KEE-meh-nohn

Translations: lying before, set before, proposed, presented, of the things set forth, of the things proposed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προκείμαι' (prokeimai), meaning 'to lie before' or 'to be set before'. It describes something that is present, visible, or proposed for consideration. It can refer to things that are physically laid out, or to topics, goals, or rewards that are presented for discussion or pursuit.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word προκείμαι (prokeimai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb κεῖμαι (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: DAY-lohn

Translations: showing, making clear, revealing, declaring, explaining, a showing, a making clear

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear' or 'to show'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be translated as 'showing' or 'making clear' and is used to describe someone or something that is in the process of revealing or explaining something.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩΝ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩΝ

G1067

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAM-bron

Translations: son-in-law, a son-in-law, brother-in-law, a brother-in-law

Notes: This word refers to a male relative by marriage, specifically a son-in-law or a brother-in-law. It is used to describe the relationship of a man to his spouse's family or his sibling's spouse. In the provided examples, it refers to Moses' father-in-law, Jethro, who is described as his 'son-in-law' in the Septuagint, which is a common usage for this term in ancient Greek to denote a male relative by marriage, often a father-in-law or brother-in-law, rather than strictly a son-in-law as in modern English.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

G3662

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-mo-ETH-non

Translations: of the same nation, of the same people, fellow countrymen

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'of the same nation' or 'of the same people'. It refers to individuals who share a common ethnic or national background. It is used to describe people who are fellow countrymen or belong to the same race or tribe.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΟΜΟ- (homo-), meaning 'same' or 'like', and ΕΘΝΟΣ (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'people'.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G4851

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soom-FEH-ron

Translations: advantageous, profitable, useful, beneficial, expedient, what is advantageous, what is profitable, advantage, profit, benefit

Notes: This word describes something that is advantageous, profitable, or beneficial. As an adjective, it can modify a noun to indicate that it is useful or expedient. When used as a neuter substantive (like 'το συμφέρον'), it refers to 'that which is advantageous' or 'the advantage/benefit' itself. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'φέρω' (to bear, carry).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ

G1249

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ee-REH-sthai

Translations: to be divided, to be separated, to be distributed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive infinitive, meaning 'to have been divided' or 'to be in a state of having been divided'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the resulting state continuing into the present, and the subject of the division is passive, meaning it is being divided by something else. It is often used to express the state of being split into parts or distributed among various entities.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3672

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: oh-moh-gno-moh-NOO-n

Translations: being of one mind, agreeing, consenting, being in agreement

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being of one mind' or 'agreeing'. It describes someone or something that shares the same opinion or purpose as another. It is a compound word formed from 'ὁμός' (homos), meaning 'same' or 'common', and 'γνώμων' (gnomon), meaning 'one who knows' or 'a judge', related to 'γνώμη' (gnome), meaning 'mind' or 'opinion'. Thus, it literally means 'having the same mind or opinion'. It is used to describe a state of unity in thought or purpose.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3560

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: neh-oh-teh-ree-SEE-en

Translations: to innovate, to make a revolution, to revolt, to rebel, to make changes, to stir up trouble

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to innovate, to make a revolution, or to rebel. It implies doing something new or making changes, often with a negative connotation of stirring up trouble or overthrowing an existing order. It can be used in contexts where a group or individual is attempting to bring about a significant, often disruptive, change.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΑΣΙΑΖΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-LEH-pon

Translations: difficult, hard, severe, fierce, dangerous, grievous, a difficult thing, a hard thing

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something that is difficult, hard to bear, dangerous, or severe. It can refer to things that are physically challenging, emotionally distressing, or morally objectionable. It is often used to describe situations, tasks, or even people who are harsh or fierce.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to χαλός (chalos), meaning 'loose' or 'slack', implying something that is not easily loosened or overcome.

G0784

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ass-SYR-ee-ohn

Translations: of Assyria, of the Assyrians, Assyrian

Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Assyria or the Assyrian people. It is used to describe things originating from or associated with the ancient kingdom of Assyria, or to refer to the people themselves. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating its origin or association, or be used substantively to refer to the people.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Ashshur' (H0804), referring to Assyria or an Assyrian.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-xah-sin

Translations: having begun, having ruled, having led, to those who began, to those who ruled, to those who led

Notes: This word is a dative plural masculine participle derived from the verb 'ἄρχω' (archō), meaning 'to begin', 'to rule', or 'to lead'. It describes an action that has already taken place, indicating 'to those who have begun', 'to those who have ruled', or 'to those who have led'. It is used to refer to a group of people who performed the action of beginning, ruling, or leading.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G4784

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soong-khoh-RAY-san-toss

Translations: of having agreed, of having granted, of having permitted, of having allowed, of having pardoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'sygchōreō', meaning to agree with, grant, permit, or pardon. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this genitive form, it often indicates the agent or cause of an action, similar to saying 'with the agreement of' or 'after someone has granted'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G1533

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-en-eng-KAH-meh-noss

Translations: having brought in, having led in, having carried in, having introduced, having offered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to bring in' or 'to carry in'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past by the subject. It can be used to indicate that someone has brought something into a place, introduced something, or even offered something, often with effort or intention.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΓΑΓΩΝ, ΕΙΣΚΟΜΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΣΦΕΡΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΙΣ (EIS), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (PHERO), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'.

G4710

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SPOO-dayn

Translations: haste, a haste, diligence, a diligence, earnestness, an earnestness, zeal, a zeal, eagerness, an eagerness, effort, an effort

Notes: This word refers to quickness, speed, or haste. It can also denote earnestness, diligence, or zealous effort in carrying out a task. It describes the quality of being eager and committed to something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΠΟΥΔΗ (spoudē) is derived from the verb σπεύδω (speudō), meaning 'to hasten' or 'to be eager'. It reflects the concept of moving quickly or acting with earnestness.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-koh-DOH-may-sen

Translations: built, constructed, erected

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject. For example, 'he built' or 'she constructed'. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demō), meaning 'to build'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō) is a compound verb derived from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demō), meaning 'to build'. It literally means 'to build a house' and by extension, 'to build' or 'construct' in general.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-ton

Translations: greatest, largest, most important, a greatest thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'μέγας' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. Therefore, 'μέγιστον' translates to 'greatest', 'largest', or 'most important'. It is used to describe something that surpasses all others in size, importance, or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating the highest degree of a quality.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΝ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'μέγας' (megas), from which 'μέγιστον' is derived, comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'great' or 'large'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G1083

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-ras

Translations: privilege, a privilege, gift, a gift, honor, an honor, reward, a reward

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a privilege, a gift, an honor, or a reward. It often denotes a special mark of respect or a prize given for achievement or status. It can be used in contexts where something is given as a due or a right, rather than a mere gratuity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΤΙΜΗ, ΜΙΣΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'γέρας' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of old age and the respect or privileges associated with it.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hay-gay-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having led, having considered, considering, leading, thinking, supposing

Notes: This word is the aorist middle participle of the verb 'ἡγέομαι' (hegeomai). It means 'to lead, to guide, to rule,' or 'to consider, to think, to suppose.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. For example, it could describe someone who, having led, then did something else, or someone who is currently considering something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΟΥΜΑΙ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-nee-SOH-meh-noys

Translations: to those who will be, to those who are about to be, for those who will be, for those who are about to be

Notes: This word is a future participle, indicating an action that is about to happen or will happen in the future. It is used to describe the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, referring to 'those who will be' or 'those who are about to come into being'.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΣΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From an earlier form ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, which is related to the root *gen- meaning 'to be produced, to come into being'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1330

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-eh-lay-LOO-thoh-tohn

Translations: (of) those who have passed through, (of) those who have gone through, (of) those who have gone throughout

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having passed through' or 'having gone through'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and has continuing results in the present, specifically an action of movement through or across something. As a genitive plural, it refers to 'of those who have passed through' or 'of those who have gone through'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΩΝ

G1048

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zays

Translations: of Gaza

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun "Gaza," referring to the ancient city located in the southwestern Levant. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying "of Gaza" or "Gaza's" in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like "the walls of Gaza" or "the king of Gaza."

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Gaza" is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning "strong" or "fortress." It has been known by this name since ancient times.

G1807

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eks-ahee-RON

Translations: taking out, taking away, delivering, rescuing, choosing, selecting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exaireō', meaning 'to take out' or 'to deliver'. It describes an action of removing something from a place or situation, often with the sense of rescuing or choosing. It can also imply selecting something for a specific purpose. In the provided examples, it consistently carries the meaning of 'delivering' or 'rescuing' from a difficult situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΩΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to go up, to ascend, to come up, to climb, to rise

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes the action of moving upwards, whether physically, like climbing a mountain or going up to a city, or metaphorically, such as rising in status or coming into existence. It is often used to indicate movement towards a higher place or position.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G4704

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-poo-DAH-kay

Translations: had been eager, had been diligent, had been earnest, had made haste, had striven

Notes: This is a verb in the pluperfect active indicative, third person singular. It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action. The root verb means to be eager, to make haste, to be diligent, or to strive. Thus, ἘΣΠΟΥΔΑΚΕΙ indicates that someone had previously been eager, diligent, or had striven for something.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΦΙΛΟΤΙΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

G0074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-NEE-ah

Translations: agony, a struggle, a contest, anguish, a great fear

Notes: This word refers to a state of intense struggle, conflict, or distress. It can describe a physical contest or a mental and emotional anguish, often associated with extreme fear or anxiety, like the struggle of death. It implies a severe internal or external conflict.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩΝ, ΑΝΙΑ, ΦΟΒΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀγών (agōn), meaning 'a gathering, an assembly, a contest, a struggle'. It refers to the place of assembly for games or contests, and by extension, the struggle or contest itself.

G522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tay-see

Translations: will meet, will encounter, will happen, will come to pass

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to meet', 'to encounter', or 'to happen'. It is used to describe an event or person coming into contact with another. In the provided context, it signifies something that will come to pass or occur in the future.

Inflection: Future Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΑΝΤΑΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἈΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ἈΝΤΑΩ (ANTAO), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come face to face'.

G0279

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-may-kha-NOHN

Translations: at a loss, without resources, helpless, perplexed, impossible, impracticable

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without means, resources, or a way forward. It can refer to a person who is at a loss, helpless, or perplexed about what to do, or to a situation that is impossible or impracticable. It is often used to describe a state of being unable to find a solution or a way out of a difficulty.

Inflection: Masculine, Genitive, Plural, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΟΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΠΕΡΓΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΗΧΑΝΟΣ is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and μηχανή (mēchanē, meaning 'means', 'contrivance', 'device', or 'machine'). Thus, it literally means 'without means' or 'without a device'.

G3710

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: or-GHEE-zo-MEH-noo

Translations: of one being angry, of one who is enraged, of one who is provoked

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be angry' or 'to provoke to anger'. It describes someone who is in the state of being angry or is being provoked. As a genitive form, it often functions to describe the possessor or source of an action or state, or to indicate a relationship 'of' or 'belonging to' someone who is angry.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΚΘΥΜΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ

G543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pay-THEY-ah

Translations: disobedience, unbelief, a disobedience, an unbelief

Notes: This word refers to the state or act of refusing to be persuaded or to obey. It signifies a willful resistance to authority or truth, often implying a lack of faith or trust. It is used to describe a condition of rebellion or obstinacy.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΙΑ, ἈΝΥΠΟΤΑΞΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ is derived from the adjective ἈΠΕΙΘΗΣ (apeithēs), meaning 'disobedient' or 'unbelieving', which itself is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and the verb ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-rang-GEL-las

Translations: having commanded, having ordered, having instructed, having charged, having given orders

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle (masculine, nominative, singular) of the verb 'παραγγέλλω'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that they 'commanded' or 'gave orders'. It is often used to introduce a subsequent action that was a result of the command.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΣΑΣ, ΕΝΤΕΙΛΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2412

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-keh-SEE-ahn

Translations: supplication, an entreaty, a petition, entreaty, petition

Notes: This word refers to an earnest and humble request or plea, often made to a higher power or authority. It signifies a fervent appeal for help, mercy, or a specific favor. It is typically used in contexts where one is seeking divine intervention or making a desperate plea.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΝΤΕΥΞΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἱκεσία (hikesia) comes from ἱκέτης (hiketēs), meaning 'suppliant' or 'petitioner', which is related to ἵκω (hikō), meaning 'to come, arrive'. It refers to the act of coming as a suppliant.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pros-FEH-ron

Translations: offering, bringing to, presenting, sacrificing, a bringer, one who offers

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'προσφέρω' (prospherō), meaning 'to bring to,' 'to offer,' or 'to present.' It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can function adjectivally, describing someone or something that is offering, or substantively, referring to 'the one who offers' or 'the one who brings.' It is often used in contexts of bringing gifts, sacrifices, or prayers to God or a deity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩΝ, ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G2186

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ER-kho-men-OHN

Translations: of those coming upon, of those approaching, of impending things, of things that are coming, of things that are about to happen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon', 'to approach', or 'to happen to'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or impending. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'those who are coming upon' or 'things that are impending/about to happen'. It can be used to describe events, people, or circumstances that are approaching or threatening.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΑΡΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G5537

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-ray-ma-TEE-sen

Translations: he was divinely warned, he was instructed, he was called, he was named, he transacted business

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person singular. It means to receive a divine warning or instruction, to be called or named, or to transact business. In the New Testament, it often refers to receiving a divine message or revelation, particularly in dreams or visions. It can also refer to being given a specific name or title by divine appointment.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'a thing, business, money', which comes from χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'. The verb originally meant 'to deal with business' or 'to have dealings with', and later developed the sense of 'to give a divine response' or 'to be divinely instructed' due to the idea of dealing with divine matters.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thar-REH-in

Translations: to be courageous, to take courage, to be confident, to be bold, to be of good cheer

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be courageous,' 'to take courage,' or 'to be confident.' It is often used to encourage someone or to describe a state of mind where one feels bold and unafraid, even in difficult circumstances. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to be courageous' or 'to have courage' in a sentence.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΕΥΨΥΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek root θάρσος (tharsos), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness.'

G4737

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: steh-fah-NOON-tas

Translations: crowning, to crown, to encircle, to honor, to adorn

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'crowning' or 'to crown'. It refers to the act of placing a crown or garland upon someone or something, often as a sign of victory, honor, or adornment. It can also mean to encircle or surround something as if with a crown. In a sentence, it describes an ongoing action of crowning or encircling.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΕΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΩ (stephanoō) is derived from the noun ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ (stephanos), meaning 'crown' or 'garland'. It signifies the act of applying a crown.

G2074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ess-THAY-sin

Translations: garment, clothing, raiment, apparel

Notes: This word refers to an article of clothing or a collection of garments, often implying fine or special attire. It is used to describe what people wear, whether for everyday use or for specific occasions. It is a compound word, formed from the verb ἔθω (ethō), meaning 'to be accustomed,' and the suffix -σις, indicating an action or state.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἹΜΑΤΙΣΜΟΣ, ἘΝΔΥΜΑ, ΣΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb ἔθω (ethō), meaning 'to be accustomed' or 'to wear habitually,' combined with the noun-forming suffix -σις. It refers to that which is habitually worn.

G3551

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: NO-mee-moys

Translations: lawful, legal, customary, proper, legitimate, (to) lawful things, (to) legal things, (to) customary things, (to) proper things, (to) legitimate things

Notes: This word describes something that is lawful, legal, customary, or in accordance with established practice or law. It can refer to things that are permitted by law or tradition, or actions that are considered proper and legitimate. In the provided context, it is used in the dative plural, indicating 'to/for lawful/customary things' or 'by/with lawful/customary things'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΚΑΝΟΝΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΟΜΙΜΟΣ' derives from the Greek word 'ΝΟΜΟΣ' (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. It describes something that pertains to or is in accordance with law or custom.

G4749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sto-LAIS

Translations: robes, garments, vestments, apparel

Notes: This word refers to a long, flowing garment or robe, often worn as a mark of dignity, office, or status. It can describe ceremonial robes, priestly vestments, or simply fine clothing. In the provided context, it refers to the sacred garments worn by priests.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΑ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΧΙΤΩΝΕΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to arrange, prepare, equip, send'. The noun refers to what is put on or arranged on the body.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EE-sthai

Translations: to make, to do, to create, to produce, to perform, to cause, to bring about, to appoint, to observe, to celebrate

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). It generally means 'to make' or 'to do', but in the middle voice, it often implies 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', or 'to cause to be done'. It can also be used idiomatically in various contexts, such as 'to perform' an action, 'to celebrate' a festival, or 'to appoint' someone. It is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pay-SES-thigh

Translations: to be persuaded, to obey, to trust, to yield, to be convinced

Notes: This word is the future middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peithō). It means 'to be persuaded,' 'to obey,' 'to trust,' or 'to yield.' As an infinitive, it often functions as the object of another verb or as a complement, indicating an action that is expected to happen in the future.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (to command, to urge, to persuade).

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: DEI-non

Translations: terrible, a terrible thing, dreadful, a dreadful thing, fearful, a fearful thing, mighty, a mighty thing, powerful, a powerful thing, formidable, a formidable thing, dire, a dire thing, awful, an awful thing, strange, a strange thing, wondrous, a wondrous thing, marvelous, a marvelous thing, clever, a clever thing, skillful, a skillful thing

Notes: This word describes something that inspires fear, awe, or respect due to its power, intensity, or unusual nature. It can refer to something terrible or dreadful, but also to something remarkably powerful, skillful, or wondrous. It can be used to describe a person, an event, or a quality. When used as a noun, it refers to a terrible or powerful thing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΘΑΥΜΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack', but more directly related to the idea of 'fear' or 'dread'. It conveys the sense of something that causes one to be bound by fear or awe.

G4306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proh-noh-oo-MEH-noo

Translations: providing for, taking thought for, having foresight, foreseeing, considering beforehand

Notes: This word is the genitive masculine or neuter singular, or genitive plural of the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'pronoéō'. It describes someone or something that is actively providing for, taking thought for, or foreseeing something. It implies a proactive consideration or provision for future needs or events. It can be used to describe a person who is provident or a plan that is well-thought-out.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Genitive, All Genders, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ, ΠΡΟΟΡΑΩ, ΠΡΟΜΗΘΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προνοέω (pronoéō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pró), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb νοέω (noéō), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'. Thus, it literally means 'to think beforehand' or 'to perceive beforehand'.

G1263

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-nah-STAS

Translations: having arisen, rising up, standing up

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb διανίστημι (dianistēmi), meaning 'to rise up' or 'to stand up'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to make to stand up' or 'to raise'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣ, ΕΓΕΡΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb διανίστημι (dianistēmi) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to make to stand up' or 'to raise'. The root verb ἵστημι (histēmi) means 'to stand' or 'to set'.

G5537

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khree-mah-TIS-then

Translations: having been divinely instructed, having been warned, having been given a divine message, having been called, having been named

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'chrematizo'. It refers to someone or something that has received a divine communication, warning, or instruction, often through a dream or vision. It can also mean to have been named or called by a specific title, especially by divine appointment. It describes an action that has already occurred, with the subject being the recipient of that action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΙΠΕΝ, ΕΙΡΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΕΚΛΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G3377

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: may-NOO-sahs

Translations: having made known, having revealed, having reported, having disclosed, having informed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'μηνύω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has made something known, revealed it, or reported it. It functions adjectivally or adverbially, often describing the manner or circumstance of another action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΩΣΑΣ, ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩΝ, ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΑΣ

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-sas

Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, who made, who did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made' or 'having done', indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can also be translated as 'making' or 'doing' in certain contexts, or as a relative clause like 'who made' or 'who did'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ang-GEH-lee

Translations: was commanded, was instructed, was ordered, was charged

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'παραγγέλλω' (parangellō). It means 'he/she/it was commanded' or 'he/she/it was instructed'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject received a command or instruction from someone else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word παραγγέλλω (parangellō) is a compound word formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. Thus, it originally meant 'to announce alongside' or 'to transmit a message', evolving to 'to command' or 'to instruct'.

G3952

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-oo-SEE-an

Translations: presence, coming, arrival, a presence, a coming, an arrival

Notes: This word refers to the state of being present, an arrival, or a coming. It can denote a physical presence or the act of appearing. It is often used to describe the arrival of a person or an event.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΙΞΙΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It literally means 'being alongside' or 'being present'.

G4441

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poo-THOH-meh-nos

Translations: having learned, having inquired, having heard, having ascertained, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to learn by inquiry', 'to inquire', or 'to ascertain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and is related to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having learned' or 'having heard' something, leading to a subsequent action. For example, 'Having learned the news, he departed.'

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΥΣΑΣ, ΜΑΘΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ

G4281

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EH-see

Translations: goes forth, goes forward, proceeds, advances, comes forth

Notes: This word describes the action of moving forward or advancing. It is often used to indicate a progression in space or time, such as going out from a place, moving ahead, or proceeding with an action. It can be used in contexts like 'he goes forth into the assembly' or 'the army proceeds'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟ (PRO), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to go'.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G2418

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hee-eh-rop-pre-PEH

Translations: reverent, sacred, becoming, suitable, fitting, holy, devout

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being reverent, sacred, or fitting for a holy purpose. It implies a sense of dignity and appropriateness in a religious or solemn context. It is a compound word formed from 'ἱερός' (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', and 'πρέπω' (prepō), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be becoming'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΘΕΙΟΣ

G1308

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-roo-sahn

Translations: differing, excelling, surpassing, a differing, an excelling, a surpassing

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'διά' (dia, through) and 'φέρω' (pherō, to carry). It describes something that is different, distinct, or superior. It can be used to indicate a difference in quality, quantity, or nature, or to show that something excels or surpasses others in a particular aspect. For example, it might describe a city that excels in wealth or a person who is distinguished.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-oo-MEH-nos

Translations: making, doing, performing, creating, producing, causing

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle derived from the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous. In the middle voice, it means 'making for oneself' or 'doing for oneself', emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action. In the passive voice, it means 'being made' or 'being done'. It often functions adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Case

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sah-FEIN

Translations: to make clear, to make distinct, to explain, to clarify

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of a verb related to the adjective 'σαφής' (saphēs), meaning 'clear' or 'distinct'. It means 'to make clear' or 'to explain'. It is used to describe the action of clarifying something or making it understandable.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΥΝ, ΕΞΗΓΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word derives from the adjective σαφής (saphēs), meaning 'clear, distinct, plain'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, a thing said, a thing spoken

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being said, spoken, or called. It can refer to a statement, a saying, or something that is being referred to or named.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΑΜΕΝΟΝ

G3329

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: meh-tah-feh-ROH-meh-non

Translations: being carried over, being transferred, being moved, being transported

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. As a whole, it means 'to carry over', 'to transfer', or 'to transport'. This form is a present passive participle, indicating an ongoing action being done to the subject. It describes something that is in the process of being carried, moved, or transferred from one place to another.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΦΕΡΩ is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. The root ΦΕΡΩ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to carry'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G872

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fo-RAH-sthai

Translations: to look away from, to look steadfastly at, to fix one's eyes upon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb ὁράω (horaō, 'to see, to look'). It means to look away from something, often with the implication of focusing one's gaze intently on something else. It can also mean to look steadfastly or fix one's eyes upon a particular object or person, diverting attention from other things.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ὉΡΑΩ, ἘΜΒΛΕΠΩ

G0190

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-koh-loo-THOON-tohn

Translations: following, accompanying, attending, of those following, of those accompanying, of those attending

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἀκολουθέω', meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb. In this form, it refers to 'those who are following' or 'those who are accompanying'. It can be used to describe people or things that are in the act of following or attending.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΥΝΕΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G5466

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khal-DAI-ohn

Translations: of the Chaldeans

Notes: This word refers to the Chaldeans, an ancient people who inhabited Chaldea, a region in southern Mesopotamia. They were known for their wisdom, particularly in astrology and divination. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the king of the Chaldeans' or 'the land of the Chaldeans'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΔΑΙΟΣ (Chaldaios) is derived from the Hebrew word Kasdim (כַּשְׂדִּים), which refers to the inhabitants of Chaldea. It entered Greek through various ancient contacts.

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAYN

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, punishment, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, passionate emotion, often intense anger or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous anger or divine judgment, which often leads to punishment. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΗ (orgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werg-, meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It originally referred to an impulse or natural disposition, which then evolved to mean a strong emotion or passion, and eventually anger or wrath.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-TREP-sin

Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit

Notes: This word means to give permission, to allow someone to do something, or to hand over or commit something to someone's care. It is used to express the granting of authority or the act of entrusting a task or object.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπιτρέπω (epitrépō), from ἐπί (epí, 'upon, to') and τρέπω (trépō, 'to turn'). The sense evolved from 'to turn over to' to 'to permit' or 'to entrust'.

G0090

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-KEE-as

Translations: of outrage, of insult, of abuse, of torture, of injury, of ill-treatment

Notes: This word refers to an act of outrage, insult, or ill-treatment, often involving physical abuse or torture. It describes a severe form of injury or harm inflicted upon someone. It is typically used in contexts describing suffering or mistreatment.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΚΩΣΙΣ, ΒΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΚΙΑ (aikia) is derived from the verb αἰκίζω (aikizō), meaning 'to treat shamefully, to torture, to outrage'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-sain

Translations: to destroy, to perish, to lose, to be lost, to ruin

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive form of the verb 'apollymi'. It means 'to destroy' or 'to cause to perish', often implying complete ruin or loss. It can also mean 'to lose' something, or in the middle/passive voice, 'to perish' or 'to be lost'. It is used to express an action that will happen in the future, often as the object of another verb (e.g., 'he said to destroy').

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπόλλυμι (apóllumi), a compound of ἀπό (apó, 'from, off') and ὄλλυμι (óllumi, 'to destroy, to lose').

G3049

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: loh-ghi-ZOH-meh-nohn

Translations: of those who are reckoning, of those who are considering, of those who are thinking, of those who are counting, of those who are calculating

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'λογίζομαι', meaning 'to reckon, count, consider, or think'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those who are in the process of reckoning or considering something'. It can be used to describe a group of people engaged in such an activity.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'λογίζομαι' comes from 'λόγος' (logos), meaning 'word, reason, account'. It implies an action of reasoning or calculating based on an account or a word.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-ah

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, an adversary, a contrary thing, an opposite thing, against, in opposition to

Notes: This word describes something that is opposite, contrary, or hostile. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or as a noun itself to refer to an adversary or opponent. When used with a preposition, it can function adverbially to mean 'against' or 'in opposition to'. For example, 'ἐκ ἐναντίας' means 'from the opposite side' or 'in opposition'.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ (enantios) comes from the Greek preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in', and ἀντίος (antios), meaning 'set against' or 'opposite'. It describes something that is in opposition or contrary to something else.

G4291

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: proh-es-TOH-tas

Translations: leaders, rulers, those who preside, those who stand before, those who manage

Notes: This word is an inflected form of a participle derived from the verb 'προΐστημι' (proistēmi), meaning 'to stand before' or 'to preside over'. As a noun, it refers to individuals who are in positions of leadership, authority, or management, such as leaders, rulers, or those who are in charge of a group or organization. It describes someone who has been placed in a position of oversight or governance.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΤΑΙ

G1233

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ah-KHROO-soh

Translations: gold-embroidered, gilded, of gold, (with) gold-embroidered, (with) gilded

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'gold-embroidered' or 'gilded'. It describes something that is adorned or covered with gold, often in the context of clothing or ornamentation. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (through, with) and 'χρυσός' (gold). It is used to describe the material or decoration of an object.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΟΣ, ΧΡΥΣΟΕΙΔΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'with', and ΧΡΥΣΟΣ (chrysos), meaning 'gold'. It describes something made or adorned with gold.

G4749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sto-LEE

Translations: robe, a robe, garment, a garment, apparel, clothing

Notes: This word refers to a long, flowing garment or robe, often worn as formal attire or a uniform. It can also generally mean clothing or apparel. It is typically used to describe an outer garment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΜΑΤΙΟΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΧΙΤΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to arrange, to equip, to send'. The noun refers to that which is arranged or equipped, specifically clothing.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, the one having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun that 'has' something, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'while having'). In the provided examples, it describes things that 'do not have' a leader, trees 'having' branches, and 'the one having' all power.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G2776

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kee-DAH-rin

Translations: turban, a turban, headdress, a headdress, mitre, a mitre

Notes: This word refers to a turban or a headdress, often specifically a priestly mitre worn by high priests. It is typically made of linen and is a significant part of ceremonial attire, symbolizing authority or sacred office. It is used as a direct object in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΤΡΑ, ΤΙΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is of Semitic origin, likely from Persian or Hebrew, referring to a type of head covering.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G1646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LAS-mah

Translations: plate, a plate, sheet, a sheet, lamina, a lamina, overlay, a overlay, foil, a foil

Notes: This word refers to a thin plate or sheet of metal, often gold or silver, used as an overlay or covering. It can also refer to a hammered or beaten piece of metal. It is typically used to describe a flat, thin piece of material.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΤΑΛΟΝ, ΦΥΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐλαύνω (elaunō), meaning 'to drive, strike, or hammer', referring to the process of beating metal into a thin sheet.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEG-rap-toh

Translations: it was written, it had been written

Notes: This is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present or a subsequent past time. It is often used to refer to what is recorded in scripture or official documents.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΠΤΑΙ, ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'γράφω' (graphō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *gerbh-, meaning 'to scratch, to carve'. It originally referred to scratching or carving marks, which evolved into the meaning of writing.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pros-EL-thohn

Translations: having come to, approaching, having approached, coming near

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come to' or 'having approached'. It describes an action that happened prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate someone drawing near to a person or place, or coming forward to do something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΕΓΓΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-tos

Translations: first, a first, chief, principal, foremost, the first

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, rank, or importance. It can be used as an adjective to describe a noun, or it can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the first one' or 'the chief person/thing'. It indicates precedence or priority.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the English word 'prior'.

G0782

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hees-PAH-sah-toh

Translations: he greeted, she greeted, it greeted, he saluted, she saluted, it saluted, he embraced, she embraced, it embraced, he welcomed, she welcomed, it welcomed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'ἀσπάζομαι' (aspazomai). It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the action of greeting, saluting, embracing, or welcoming someone. It is often used to describe a warm reception or a formal salutation.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀσπάζομαι (aspazomai) is derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'together' or 'with' and σπάω (spaō) meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull'. The original sense was likely 'to draw to oneself,' leading to the meaning of embracing or greeting.

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G782

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ahs-pah-sah-MEH-nohn

Translations: (of) having greeted, (of) having embraced, (of) having welcomed, (of) having saluted

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ἀσπάζομαι'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, with the subject performing the action on themselves or for their own benefit (middle voice). In this form, it functions adjectivally or substantively, often translated as 'of those who greeted' or 'of those who embraced', indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀσπάζομαι (aspazomai) is thought to be derived from ἀ- (a-, intensive prefix) and σπάω (spaō, 'to draw, to pull'), possibly referring to drawing someone to oneself in an embrace or greeting.

G2944

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koo-KLO-sah-me-NON

Translations: having surrounded, having encircled, having encompassed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κυκλόω' (kykloō), meaning 'to surround' or 'to encircle'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of surrounding or encompassing something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΕΥΩ

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-ay-SAN-tos

Translations: of having made, of having done, of having produced, of having created

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a genitive singular masculine/neuter participle, it describes the one who has performed an action, often translated as 'of the one who made' or 'of him who did'. It indicates a completed action by a specific agent, functioning like an adjective modifying a noun in the genitive case, or as a substantive noun itself.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΡΑΞΑΝΤΟΣ

G2655

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tep-LAH-gee-san

Translations: they were astonished, they were amazed, they were astounded

Notes: This word means to be struck with astonishment, amazement, or awe. It describes a strong emotional reaction to something surprising or overwhelming. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and ΠΛΗΣΣΩ (PLĒSSŌ), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. Thus, it literally means 'to strike down completely' or 'to strike with a blow', metaphorically referring to being struck dumb or overwhelmed by an event or revelation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΠΛΗΣΣΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ΠΛΗΣΣΩ (PLĒSSŌ), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. The combination conveys the sense of being 'struck down' or 'overwhelmed' by an emotion, leading to astonishment.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ef-THAR-thai

Translations: to be corrupted, to be destroyed, to be ruined, to be depraved, to be spoiled

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive of the verb 'φθείρω' (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy'. When used in the perfect passive infinitive, it describes a state of having been corrupted, destroyed, or ruined. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results, often implying a state of moral decay or physical decay.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΥΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The root verb φθείρω (phtheirō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to concepts of decay, destruction, and ruin.

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they supposed, they assumed, they received, they took up, they answered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'from below') and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, to receive, to assume, to suppose, or to answer. In different contexts, it can refer to taking something up from below, receiving a person or idea, forming an opinion or assumption, or replying to someone.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: par-me-NEE-oh-nos

Translations: of Parmenion

Notes: This word refers to Parmenion, a prominent Macedonian general in the service of Philip II and Alexander the Great. The form ΠΑΡΜΕΝΙΩΝΟΣ is the genitive case of the name, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'Parmenion's' or 'of Parmenion' in English. It would be used in a sentence to show that something belongs to Parmenion or is associated with him.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Parmenion is of Greek origin, derived from the word 'παραμένω' (paramenō), meaning 'to remain beside' or 'to stand firm'. It was a common personal name in ancient Macedonia.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MO-noo

Translations: of alone, of only, of single, of solitary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'alone,' 'only,' 'single,' or 'solitary.' It describes something that is by itself or unique. As a genitive singular form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'from' something singular and unique.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *mon- meaning 'to remain, to stand still'. It is related to the idea of being singular or standing alone.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-el-THON-tos

Translations: (of) one who came to, (of) one who approached, (of) one who drew near, (of) one who went to

Notes: This word is a genitive singular masculine or neuter participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to', 'to approach', or 'to draw near'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by someone, often translated as 'when he came', 'having approached', or 'as he drew near', especially when used in a genitive absolute construction. It indicates movement towards a person, place, or thing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'προσέρχομαι' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: py-THOH-meh-noo

Translations: having inquired, having asked, having learned, having heard, of one inquiring, of one asking, of one learning, of one hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to inquire' or 'to learn by inquiry'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone who has performed the act of asking, inquiring, or learning. It is often used to introduce a clause that explains what was learned or asked.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΑΚΟΥΩ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1223

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: day-POH-teh

Translations: at some time, at length, at last, finally, perhaps, possibly, now, then, for instance, for example

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from the particles ΔΗ (dē) and ΠΟΤΕ (pote). It is used to indicate a point in time, often with a sense of 'at some time' or 'at length'. It can also convey a sense of 'perhaps' or 'possibly' when used in a more speculative context. In some cases, it can introduce an example or illustration, meaning 'for instance' or 'for example'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕ, ΗΔΗ, ΤΟΤΕ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΠΟΤΕ is a compound of the particle ΔΗ (dē), which emphasizes or affirms, and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever'.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-koo-NOON-tone

Translations: of those worshiping, of those bowing down, of those prostrating themselves, of those doing obeisance

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'proskyneo', meaning to prostrate oneself, to bow down, or to worship. It describes an action of reverence, submission, or adoration, often involving physical prostration or kneeling before a superior, a deity, or a king. In this form, it refers to 'those who are worshiping' or 'those who are bowing down'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tohn

Translations: (of) all, (of) everyone, (of) everything

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΑΠΑΣ' (apas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, a prefix indicating totality or completeness) and 'πας' (pas, meaning 'all' or 'every'). As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship for multiple entities, often translated as 'of all' or 'concerning all'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΩΝ, ΟΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound of the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and the word πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- intensifies the meaning of 'all' to 'the whole' or 'everyone without exception'.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-koo-NEE-sah

Translations: I worshipped, I bowed down, I prostrated myself, I did obeisance

Notes: This word describes the act of showing reverence or adoration, typically by bowing down or prostrating oneself before someone or something. It can refer to worship of God or a deity, or to showing respect or homage to a person of authority, such as a king or ruler. It implies a deep sense of respect, submission, or adoration.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προσκυνέω (proskyneō) is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'facing', and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss'. The original sense was to kiss the ground or the hand of a superior as a sign of reverence or submission.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-OH

Translations: to pursue, to chase, to follow, to persecute, to run after, to press on, to strive for

Notes: This verb means to pursue, chase, or follow, often with the intent to catch or overtake. It can also mean to persecute, indicating hostile pursuit. In a figurative sense, it can mean to strive for or press on towards a goal, like running a race.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary verb, perhaps related to the idea of 'to flee' or 'to run'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: TIN-khan-ohn

Translations: obtaining, happening, being, meeting, reaching, getting, attaining, falling upon, occurring, a happening, an obtaining

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can mean 'to obtain' or 'to happen,' and its specific meaning often depends on the context. It can also be used to describe someone 'being' in a certain state or 'meeting' someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-SKEP-toh-meh-noh

Translations: deliberating, considering, pondering, reflecting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διασκέπτομαι', meaning 'to deliberate' or 'to consider carefully'. It describes an action of deep thought or reflection. It is used to indicate someone who is in the process of thinking through something thoroughly, often with a sense of doubt or uncertainty, or to weigh options.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Dative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kra-TAY-sah-mee

Translations: may I seize, may I hold, may I grasp, may I prevail, may I take hold of

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seize,' 'to hold,' 'to grasp,' or 'to prevail.' It is used to express the action of taking firm control or power over something or someone. In this specific form, it conveys a wish or a potential action, indicating 'may I seize' or 'I might seize.'

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΤΕΩ derives from the noun ΚΡΑΤΟΣ (KRATOS), meaning 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might.' The verb form signifies the exercise or possession of this strength.

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ke-LEH-yoo-eh-toh

Translations: he was exhorting, he was encouraging, he was urging, he was admonishing

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παρακελεύομαι'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was exhorting, encouraging, or urging another person or group. It implies a continuous effort to persuade or motivate.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-line

Translations: to be about to, to intend to, to be destined to, to delay, to hesitate

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb μέλλω. It is commonly used with an infinitive to express an action that is imminent, intended, or destined to happen. It can also indicate a delay or hesitation in doing something. For example, it might be used to say 'he is about to go' or 'they intend to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΘΕΛΩ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- 'to grind, crush'. The meaning evolved to 'to be about to' or 'to delay', possibly through the idea of 'grinding to a halt' or 'being on the verge of something'.

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: thar-SOON-tah

Translations: being courageous, taking courage, being confident, having courage

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'tharseo', meaning 'to be courageous' or 'to take courage'. It describes someone who is in the state of being brave or confident. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, often indicating an ongoing action or state. In this form, it would typically describe the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΥΘΥΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'tharseo' comes from 'tharsos' (courage, boldness), which is related to 'tharrheo' (to be bold). Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term for courage and confidence.

G1229

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-BAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to cross over, to pass through, to go through

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'διά' (through, across) and 'βαίνω' (to go, to step). It means to go across or pass through something, such as a river, a desert, or a boundary. It describes the action of traversing a space or obstacle.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΑΩ, ΔΙΑΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From 'διά' (through, across) and 'βαίνω' (to go, to step). The root 'βαίνω' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to go, to step'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-DOH-seen

Translations: to hand over, to deliver, to betray, to entrust, to give up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning "to give." It generally means to hand something over to someone, whether physically, legally, or conceptually. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering goods, entrusting a task, or even betraying someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEH-nah

Translations: no one, nobody, none, nothing

Notes: This word is the accusative singular form of the negative pronoun/adjective "οὐδείς" (oudeis), meaning "no one," "nobody," or "nothing." It is a compound word formed from "οὐ" (ou, "not") and "εἷς" (heis, "one"). It is used to negate a person or thing, functioning as the direct object in a sentence. For example, it could mean "(I saw) no one" or "(I have) nothing."

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ

G2300

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: theh-ah-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, having seen, when he saw

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'theaomai'. It describes an action completed in the past, often translated as 'having seen' or 'when he saw/beheld'. It indicates the subject personally observed or contemplated something.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΟΡΩΝ, ΕΙΔΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'theaomai' comes from 'thea' (a sight, spectacle), which is related to 'theaomai' (to gaze at, behold). It implies a careful or deliberate observation.

G3889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-ke-LEF-se-os

Translations: (of) exhortation, (of) encouragement, (of) command, exhortation, encouragement, command

Notes: This word refers to an act of exhortation, encouragement, or command. It is used to describe a strong urging or a call to action, often with the intent to motivate or direct someone. It can also imply a formal order or instruction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΟΠΗ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΣΙΣ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΚΕΛΕΥΣΙΣ (parakeleusis) is derived from the verb παρακελεύομαι (parakeleuomai), meaning 'to exhort, encourage, or command'. It is formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and κελεύω (keleuō, 'to command, urge').

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zoh

Translations: to think, to suppose, to believe, to consider, to practice, to observe, to be accustomed

Notes: This verb means to think, suppose, or believe something to be true. It can also mean to consider or deem something. In some contexts, it refers to practicing or observing a custom or law, indicating a habitual action or a widely accepted practice. It is often used to express an opinion or a common belief.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟἸΟΜΑΙ, ἩΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: From νόμος (nomos), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. The word originally meant 'to do by custom, to practice, to observe', and later developed the sense of 'to think, to suppose' based on what is customary or generally accepted.

G4305

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POM-pay

Translations: procession, escort, pomp, parade, solemnity

Notes: This word refers to a procession, a solemn or ceremonial march, or an escort. It can also denote the display or show associated with such an event, often implying grandeur or pomp. It is typically used to describe a public movement or display.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΠΟΜΠΗ, ΕΞΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send' or 'to conduct'. It refers to the act of sending or conducting, which evolved into the meaning of a procession or escort.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEE-ahn

Translations: campaign, expedition, warfare, army, host, a campaign, an expedition, a warfare, an army, a host

Notes: This word refers to a military campaign, an expedition, or the act of warfare. It can also denote a body of soldiers, an army, or a host, particularly in a military context. It is often used to describe organized military activity or the forces involved in it.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war, to serve as a soldier,' which itself comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army, encampment.'

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-poy-AY-meh-nos

Translations: having been made, having been done, made, done, a made thing, a done thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes something that has undergone an action and is now in a resulting state. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself. For example, it could describe something that 'has been brought into existence' or 'has been accomplished'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΩΣ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΑΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G1486

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: da-REH-ee-on

Translations: Darius

Notes: This is the name of Darius, a common name for several kings of Persia. In the provided context, it refers to a specific Persian king, likely Darius III Codomannus, who was defeated by Alexander the Great. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that he is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Darius' is of Old Persian origin, derived from 'Dārayavauš', meaning 'he who holds firm the good' or 'he who upholds the good'. It was adopted into Greek as Δαρεῖος (Dareios).

G3528

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: nee-KAY-sane

Translations: to conquer, to overcome, to prevail, to win

Notes: This word is the future active infinitive form of the verb 'νικάω', meaning 'to conquer' or 'to overcome'. It describes the action of achieving victory or prevailing over an opponent or obstacle. It is used to express the idea of being about to conquer or having the intention to conquer.

Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ

Etymology: From 'νίκη' (níke), meaning 'victory'. It is related to the idea of achieving success or triumph.

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LOO-sain

Translations: to destroy, to overthrow, to abolish, to dissolve, to pull down, to unyoke, to lodge, to find lodging

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ. It means 'to destroy' or 'to overthrow' in a general sense, often referring to structures, institutions, or power. It can also mean 'to dissolve' or 'to abolish' laws or customs. In a different context, it can mean 'to unyoke' animals or 'to lodge' or 'to find lodging' for the night, implying a breaking down of travel or work.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G4391

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-kho-RAY-sane

Translations: to go forward, to advance, to proceed, to succeed, to prosper

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'προχωρέω', meaning 'to go forward' or 'to advance'. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and 'χωρέω' (chōreō), meaning 'to go' or 'to make room'. In a broader sense, it can also mean 'to succeed' or 'to prosper', implying that things are moving forward favorably. It describes the action of moving ahead, either literally in space or figuratively in progress or outcome.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΥΟΔΟΩ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3939

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: par-me-NEE-oh-na

Translations: Parmenion

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Parmenion, a prominent Macedonian general in the service of Philip II of Macedon and his son Alexander the Great. As a proper noun, it identifies a specific individual. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

G1188

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: deh-xee-OH-sah-meh-nos

Translations: having welcomed, having greeted, having received, having given the right hand

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δεξιόομαι' (dexioomai), meaning 'to welcome' or 'to greet by giving the right hand'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify another verb or noun in the sentence. It implies a friendly or hospitable reception.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΣΠΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb δεξιόομαι (dexioomai) is derived from the adjective δεξιός (dexios), meaning 'right' or 'on the right side'. It literally means 'to give the right hand' as a sign of welcome or greeting.

G3933

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-theh-ON-ton

Translations: of those running alongside, of those running past, of those outrunning

Notes: This word is a present active participle from the verb παρατρέχω (paratrechō), meaning 'to run alongside', 'to run past', or 'to outrun'. As a participle, it describes an action happening concurrently with the main verb, functioning adjectivally or adverbially. In this form, it refers to the action of 'running alongside' or 'running past' performed by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΡΑΜΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΤΡΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-EL-thohn

Translations: having gone up, having ascended, going up, ascending

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb ἀνέρχομαι (anerchomai), meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often functioning adverbially or adjectivally. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THOO-ee

Translations: he sacrifices, she sacrifices, it sacrifices, he offers, she offers, it offers, he slays, she slays, it slays

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sacrifice,' 'to offer,' or 'to slay.' It is used to describe the act of presenting an offering, often an animal, to a deity, or more generally, to kill for a specific purpose. It can also refer to the act of celebrating a feast or festival where sacrifices are made.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΣΦΑΖΩ

G5262

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-fee-GAY-sees

Translations: guidance, instruction, direction, example, a guidance, an instruction, a direction, an example

Notes: This word refers to the act of leading the way, providing guidance, or giving instruction. It can also denote an example to be followed. It is used to describe the act of showing someone how to do something or providing a model for behavior.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΟΔΗΓΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΥΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ (hyphegesis) is derived from the verb ὑφηγοῦμαι (hyphegeomai), meaning 'to lead the way, to guide, to instruct'. It is formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb ἡγέομαι (hegeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'.

G0516

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ax-ee-o-PREH-pos

Translations: worthily, becomingly, appropriately, suitably, decorously

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in a worthy, becoming, or appropriate manner'. It describes an action performed with dignity, propriety, or in a way that is fitting for the situation or person involved. It is a compound word derived from the adjective 'ἀξιόπρεπης' (worthy of honor, becoming), which itself comes from 'ἄξιος' (worthy) and 'πρέπω' (to be fitting, proper).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΠΡΕΠΩΣ, ΚΑΛΩΣ, ΠΡΕΠΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The word ἀξιοπρεπῶς (axioprepōs) is an adverb formed from the adjective ἀξιόπρεπης (axioprepēs), meaning 'worthy of honor, becoming'. This adjective is a compound of ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy, deserving', and πρέπω (prepō), meaning 'to be fitting, proper, becoming'.

G1166

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deekh-THEY-sees

Translations: (of) having been shown, (of) having been pointed out, (of) having been displayed

Notes: This is the feminine singular genitive form of the aorist passive participle of the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. It describes something that has been shown, revealed, or made evident, and functions adjectivally or substantively in a sentence, often indicating the cause or time of an action. For example, 'after it had been shown'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist, Passive

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΙΣΗΣ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΦΘΕΙΣΗΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deik- meaning 'to show, to point out'. In Koine Greek, it refers to the act of making something visible or known.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEH-loo

Translations: he was showing, he was making clear, he was declaring, he was revealing

Notes: This word describes an action of making something clear, evident, or known. It is used to indicate that someone was in the process of showing, revealing, or declaring something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He was showing the truth' or 'It was being made clear to them.'

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ comes from the adjective ΔΗΛΟΣ (delos), meaning 'visible, clear, evident'. The verb form means 'to make visible or clear'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LYOO-seh

Translations: he released, he set free, he sent away, he dismissed, he divorced

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to release, set free, send away, or dismiss. It can also mean to divorce, especially in the context of a husband divorcing his wife. It is used to describe the act of letting someone or something go, either physically or legally. For example, it could be used when a judge releases a prisoner, or when a person sends a messenger away.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G1966

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-OO-see

Translations: next, following, coming, approaching, on the next day, the following day

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'next,' 'following,' or 'coming.' It is often used substantively, especially in the dative feminine singular (as in the provided examples, 'τῇ ἐπιούσῃ'), where it implies 'day' or 'morning,' thus translating to 'on the next day' or 'on the following day.' It describes something that is imminent or immediately succeeding.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΗ, ΕΦΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΟΥΣΗ is derived from the verb ΕΠΕΙΜΙ (epeimi), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to follow.' It is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to,' and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to go' or 'to come.'

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-kal-eh-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having called to oneself, having summoned, having invited, having called, having sent for

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that they 'called to themselves' or 'summoned' someone. It implies an initiative taken by the subject to bring someone closer, often for a specific purpose like giving instructions or having a discussion.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΟΜΑΙ

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ai-TEES-thai

Translations: to ask, to request, to demand, to beg

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'αἰτέω'. It means 'to ask for oneself', 'to request', or 'to demand'. It implies seeking something for one's own benefit or with a sense of entitlement, and can also be used in a more general sense of asking or begging.

Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word αἰτέω is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to seek' or 'to desire'.

G1431

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doh-reh-AS

Translations: gift, a gift, present, a present, bounty, a bounty, donation, a donation

Notes: This word refers to a gift, present, or donation. It signifies something freely given or bestowed, often as an act of generosity or favor. It can be used in contexts where someone receives a benefit or a grant.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΔΟΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word δωρεά (dōrea) comes from δῶρον (dōron), meaning 'gift'. It is related to the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), 'to give'.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ai-tay-SAH-meh-noo

Translations: having asked, having requested, having demanded, having begged, having sought

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to ask' or 'to request'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone who has performed the act of asking, requesting, or demanding. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide more information about the subject's action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΆΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sas-thai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of, to consult

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the deponent verb 'χράομαι'. As a deponent verb, it appears in the middle or passive voice but carries an active meaning. It generally means 'to use' or 'to employ' something, and often takes an object in the dative case. It can also mean 'to consult' an oracle or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, want'. In Greek, it developed the sense of 'to need' and then 'to use'.

G3967

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-TREE-oys

Translations: (to) ancestral, (to) hereditary, (to) traditional, (to) paternal, (to) native

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'ancestral,' 'hereditary,' 'paternal,' or 'traditional.' It describes something that belongs to or is derived from one's ancestors or father, or something that is customary and passed down through generations. It is used to modify nouns, indicating a connection to one's heritage or established customs.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-eis-PHO-ron

Translations: tax-free, untaxed, exempt from tribute, without contribution

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from the privative prefix 'ἀν-' (an-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'εἰσφορόν' (eisphoron), which relates to 'εἰσφορά' (eisphora), meaning 'a bringing in, contribution, or tax'. Therefore, 'ἀνεισφόρον' means 'without contribution' or 'exempt from tax/tribute'. It describes something, often a period of time or a group of people, that is not subject to taxes or financial contributions.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-khor-EE-sen

Translations: conceded, granted, permitted, allowed

Notes: This is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ (sygchōreō), meaning 'to concede, grant, or permit'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject. It is often used in contexts where someone yields to a request, allows something to happen, or agrees to a proposal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΧΩΡΕΩ (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, advance, or contain'. Thus, it literally means 'to make room with' or 'to go along with', leading to the sense of conceding or granting.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-leh-SAN-tohn

Translations: (of) those who exhorted, (of) those who comforted, (of) those who encouraged, (of) those who appealed, (of) those who entreated, (of) those who summoned

Notes: This word is a genitive plural aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παρακαλέω'. It describes the action of 'exhorting', 'comforting', 'encouraging', 'appealing', 'entreating', or 'summoning' performed by a group of people. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to show possession or relationship, often translated with 'of those who...' or 'by those who...'. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΨΑΝΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΗΣΑΝΤΩΝ

G3370

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: MAY-dee-ah

Translations: Media

Notes: Media refers to an ancient country or region located in what is now northwestern Iran. It was the homeland of the Medes, an ancient Iranian people. In the New Testament, it is mentioned in Acts 2:9 as one of the regions from which Jewish pilgrims came to Jerusalem for Pentecost.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Media' is derived from the Old Persian 'Māda', referring to the land of the Medes. It is related to the Median people who inhabited the region.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-oys

Translations: one's own, his own, her own, its own, their own, private, peculiar, proper, a private, a peculiar

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique relationship, indicating something that belongs specifically to a person or group, or is characteristic of them. It can be used substantively, meaning 'one's own people' or 'one's own things'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂, ΟἸΚΕΙ͂ΟΣ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PES-kheh-toh

Translations: he promised, she promised, it promised

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to promise' or 'to pledge'. It is used to indicate that someone made a commitment or gave an assurance. In this form, it refers to a singular subject (he, she, or it) who made a promise in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (iskhneomai), which is related to ΙΣΧΩ (iskhō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under obligation' or 'to take upon oneself'.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ax-ee-OO-sin

Translations: they consider worthy, they deem worthy, they demand, they ask, they require, they think it right

Notes: This word means to consider or deem someone or something worthy, or to think it right to do something. It can also mean to demand, ask, or require something, often implying that the request is justified or that the person making it feels entitled. It is used in sentences where a group of people are performing the action of deeming or demanding.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΠΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek adjective ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. The verb form means to 'make worthy' or 'consider worthy'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PON-tos

Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of declaring

Notes: This word is a participle, meaning 'of saying' or 'of speaking'. It is derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), which means 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a genitive participle, it often indicates the person or thing that is doing the action of speaking, especially in a dependent clause or a genitive absolute construction, functioning similarly to 'when he said' or 'after he had spoken'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G4948

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soos-trat-YOO-ayn

Translations: to make war with, to serve with, to fight with, to campaign with, to be a fellow-soldier

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΩ (STRATEUŌ), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve as a soldier'. Therefore, it means to make war together with someone, to serve as a soldier alongside someone, or to be a fellow-soldier. It implies participation in a military campaign or struggle alongside others.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΩ (STRATEUŌ), meaning 'to serve as a soldier' or 'to make war'.

G1485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-theh-sin

Translations: to customs, by customs, with customs, to habits, by habits, with habits, to ways, by ways, with ways

Notes: This word refers to established customs, habits, or ways of doing things within a society or group. It describes the traditional practices or behaviors that are commonly followed. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object or means by which something is done, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'by', or 'with'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἔθος (ethos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *swedʰ- meaning 'custom, habit'. It is related to words signifying 'one's own' or 'peculiar to oneself', implying a characteristic way of being or acting.

G1701

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-MEH-non-tes

Translations: abiding, remaining, continuing, adhering, persisting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'emmenō', meaning 'to abide in', 'to remain in', 'to continue in', or 'to adhere to'. It describes an action of steadfastness or persistence in a particular state, place, or principle. It is often used to indicate someone who continues to follow traditions, laws, or agreements.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G2198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOHN-tes

Translations: living, the living, those who live, those who are alive

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It describes individuals or entities that are currently alive or in a state of living. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are living'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΙ, ΕΝΕΡΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to other Greek words concerning life and vitality.

G2092

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-TOY-mohs

Translations: readily, promptly, quickly, at hand, in readiness, prepared

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'readily' or 'promptly'. It describes an action that is done with ease, speed, or a state of preparedness. It can indicate that something is available or at hand, or that an action is performed without hesitation. For example, one might 'readily' obey a command or be 'prepared' for an event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΕΩΣ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of being 'at hand' or 'in order'.

G1863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AH-ges-thai

Translations: to bring upon, to bring in, to inflict, to lead on, to bring forward

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'to') and the verb ἄγω (agō, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). As an infinitive, it means 'to bring upon' or 'to lead on'. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of bringing something or someone into a particular state or place, often with the nuance of bringing something undesirable upon someone, or leading someone towards something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩ, ΕΙΣΑΓΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐπάγω (epagō) is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epí), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ἄγω (ágō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Its etymology reflects the action of leading or bringing something onto or towards something else.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G1305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-oh-kee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having managed, having administered, having governed, having arranged, having settled, having put in order

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διοικέω', meaning 'to manage', 'to administer', or 'to govern'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often translated as 'having managed' or 'having administered'. It implies taking charge of affairs, organizing, or settling matters.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΗΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΙΕΘΕΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΗΘΕΙΣ

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-strah-TEH-oo-sen

Translations: marched out, went on an expedition, went to war

Notes: This word describes the action of leading an army out, or going forth on a military expedition or campaign. It implies a movement of troops for the purpose of war or conquest. It is typically used in historical or military contexts to describe a king or general setting out with their forces.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἐκ- (ek-), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve in the army'. The root στρατεύω comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OH-men-as

Translations: next to, adjoining, neighboring, holding, having

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In this inflected form, it often conveys the sense of being 'next to', 'adjoining', or 'neighboring'. It describes something that is in close proximity or contact with something else, or something that is being held or possessed. It is used to describe nouns that are feminine, plural, and in the accusative case.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΓΓΥΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is related to the English word 'scheme' through a different root, but its core meaning in Greek relates to possession and proximity.

G5380

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: fee-loh-FROH-nohss

Translations: kindly, courteously, hospitably, in a friendly manner, graciously

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "kindly" or "courteously." It describes an action performed with friendliness, goodwill, or hospitality. It is often used to describe how someone receives or treats another person, indicating a warm and welcoming disposition. It is derived from the adjective φιλόφρων (philophron), meaning "friendly" or "kind-hearted."

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΚΩΣ, ΕΥΜΕΝΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΝΩΣ

G1551

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-deh-KHO-meh-nohn

Translations: (of) waiting for, (of) expecting, (of) looking for, (of) awaiting

Notes: This is a present middle/passive participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'ekdechomai'. It is a compound word formed from 'ek' (out of, from) and 'dechomai' (to receive, to accept). The word generally means to wait for, expect, or look forward to something or someone. It implies a state of anticipation or readiness for an event or person.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-RAY-tee

Translations: Samaritans

Notes: This word refers to the Samaritans, an ethnoreligious group of the Levant. They are descendants of the ancient Israelites and have their own distinct religious traditions, which differ from Judaism. In ancient times, they were often in conflict with the Jews.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Samaritan" comes from the Greek Σαμάρεια (Samareia), which refers to the region of Samaria, the central region of ancient Israel. The name of the region itself is derived from the Hebrew שֹׁמְרוֹן (Shomron), the name of the ancient capital city of the Kingdom of Israel.

G3389

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-tro-PO-lin

Translations: metropolis, a metropolis, mother city, a mother city, capital city, a capital city

Notes: This word refers to a 'mother city' or 'capital city', often the chief city of a region or colony from which other cities were founded. It is a compound word formed from 'μήτηρ' (mother) and 'πόλις' (city). It is used to denote a principal city, especially in relation to its colonies or dependent towns. For example, one might say 'they traveled to the metropolis' to indicate a journey to the main city.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΤΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ is a compound of two Greek words: μήτηρ (mētēr), meaning 'mother', and πόλις (polis), meaning 'city'. It literally means 'mother city', referring to a city that was the origin or administrative center for other settlements.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G2749

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KEE-meh-nane

Translations: lying, lying down, lying in, lying at, situated, placed, set, appointed, laid, laid up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΚΕΙΜΑΙ', meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that is in a state of lying or being placed. It can refer to objects or people that are resting, situated, or set in a particular location. It often implies a passive state, something that has been laid down or is currently lying.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΗΝ, ΕΣΤΩΣΑΝ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΗΝ

G2730

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: kah-toh-kee-MEH-neen

Translations: inhabited, dwelt in, settled, a dwelt-in (place), an inhabited (place)

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been inhabited' or 'dwelt in'. It describes something that has been settled or lived in. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or verbally, indicating an action that has been completed upon the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΝ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΝ

Etymology: From the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'in', and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. Thus, it literally means 'to dwell down in' or 'to settle in'.

G0667

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ap-os-TAH-tohn

Translations: of apostates, of rebels, of renegades, of deserters, of traitors

Notes: This word refers to those who have abandoned their faith, principles, or allegiance. It describes individuals who have revolted or defected from a previous commitment or authority. It can be used to describe people who are disloyal or rebellious.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΜΩΝ, ἘΧΘΡΩΝ, ἈΠΕΙΘΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΣΤΑΤΗΣ (apostates) comes from the verb ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ (aphistēmi), meaning 'to stand away from, to withdraw, to revolt.' It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand.'

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G5091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-TEE-mee-ken

Translations: has honored, has valued, has respected, has esteemed

Notes: This word is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb 'τιμάω' (timaō). It means 'he/she/it has honored' or 'he/she/it has valued/esteemed'. It describes an action of honoring or valuing that was completed in the past and whose effects continue into the present.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑΖΩ, ΣΕΒΩ

Etymology: The word τιμάω (timaō) comes from the noun τιμή (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'value'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GEIN

Translations: to confess, to acknowledge, to profess, to agree, to admit, to declare

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'homologeo'. It means to confess, acknowledge, or agree, often implying a public declaration or a formal agreement. It can be used in contexts of admitting a truth, professing faith, or agreeing with someone's statement or position.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'homologeo' is a compound word derived from the Greek words 'homos' (meaning 'same' or 'one and the same') and 'logos' (meaning 'word' or 'speech'). Thus, it literally means 'to speak the same word' or 'to agree in word'.

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-sin

Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-dee-LOH-kah-men

Translations: we have shown, we have declared, we have made clear, we have made known

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to show', 'to declare', 'to make clear', or 'to make known'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is used to state that a group of people (we) have already revealed or explained something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word δηλόω (dēloō) comes from the adjective δῆλος (dēlos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (ΕἸΜΙ), inflected in the masculine accusative plural. It describes individuals or things that are currently in a state of being or existence. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing', often referring to 'those who are' or 'those who exist' in a particular state or place, especially when used substantively (as a noun). For example, it might refer to 'those who are present' or 'those who are alive'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: syng-ge-NEYS

Translations: related, kindred, kinsfolk, relatives, a relative, kinsmen, a kinsman

Notes: This word describes someone who is related by birth or family, indicating a familial connection. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'related' or 'kindred,' or more commonly as a noun to refer to 'relatives' or 'kinsfolk.' It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race, family, or kind,' emphasizing the shared origin or family tie.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2986

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: LAM-pron

Translations: bright, shining, brilliant, splendid, clear, white, a bright thing

Notes: This word describes something that is bright, shining, or splendid. It can refer to light, color, or even a person's character or status. It is often used to describe something that is visually striking or magnificent. For example, it can describe a bright light, a splendid garment, or a clear sound.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΩΤΕΙΝΟΣ, ΛΕΥΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ (lampros) comes from the verb λάμπω (lampō), meaning 'to shine' or 'to give light'. It is related to the concept of light and brilliance.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DOH-sin

Translations: they may see, they might see, they may perceive, they might perceive, they may know, they might know

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to see', 'to perceive', or 'to know'. It is often used in a literal sense of physical sight, but can also be used figuratively to mean understanding or coming to know something. As a subjunctive form, it often expresses possibility, desire, or purpose, translating as 'they may see' or 'they might see'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ὉΡΑΩ

Etymology: The root ΕἸΔΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'wit' and 'idea'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-KHEES

Translations: of fortune, of chance, of luck, fortune, a fortune, chance, a chance, luck, a luck

Notes: This word is a noun referring to fortune, chance, or luck. It describes the outcome of events, whether good or bad, that are not necessarily attributed to divine will or human effort but rather to an unpredictable force. It is often used in contexts discussing the unpredictable nature of life or the role of fate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΕΙΜΑΡΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: From the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen, to obtain by chance'.

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-PEE-dah-sin

Translations: they leap upon, they spring upon, they rush upon, they attack

Notes: This word describes the action of leaping or springing upon something or someone, often with the implication of an attack or sudden movement. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb 'πηδάω' (pēdaō), meaning 'to leap' or 'to spring'. It suggests a forceful and sudden movement towards a target.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΦΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

G2842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-noh-nee-AH

Translations: fellowship, a fellowship, communion, a communion, participation, a participation, sharing, a sharing, contribution, a contribution, partnership, a partnership

Notes: This word refers to a close association involving mutual interests, sharing, and participation. It can describe a spiritual bond, a joint venture, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in the context of Christian fellowship or sharing in the divine nature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common' or 'shared'. It refers to the state of having something in common or sharing in something.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EE-kane

Translations: it is fitting, it is proper, it is appropriate, it belongs to, it concerns, it is due

Notes: This verb is typically used impersonally, meaning 'it is fitting' or 'it is proper'. It often takes a dative case to indicate to whom something is fitting or an infinitive to indicate what is fitting. It can also mean 'to belong to' or 'to concern' someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and ἥκω (hēkō, 'to have come, to be present'). The combination implies 'to have come to belong to' or 'to be present as fitting'.

G2987

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lam-PRO-tay-tos

Translations: of splendor, of brightness, of glory, of magnificence, of renown, of brilliance

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being bright, splendid, or glorious. It can describe physical brightness, such as the brilliance of light, or metaphorical splendor, such as the glory or renown of a person or event. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΗΣ, ΦΩΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the adjective ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ (LAMPROS), meaning 'bright, clear, splendid', which comes from the verb ΛΑΜΠΩ (LAMPO), meaning 'to shine, to be bright'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peen-TEE-san

Translations: they met, they encountered, they went to meet

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to meet', 'to encounter', or 'to go to meet'. It describes the action of coming face to face with someone or something, often with the intention of interaction. It is typically used in the context of people meeting each other.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΥΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and ἀντάω (antaō, "to meet, to come opposite to"). The prefix ἀπό indicates movement away from a point, while ἀντάω signifies meeting or confronting.

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: mee-KROO

Translations: (of) small, (of) little, (of) short, (of) young, (of) unimportant, (of) the small one, (of) the little one, (of) the least

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΜΙΚΡΟΣ' (mikros), meaning 'small' or 'little'. It can describe something as being of small size, quantity, or importance. When used substantively, it refers to 'the small one' or 'the least'. It is often used in phrases contrasting with 'great' or 'large', such as 'from great to small' (ἀπὸ μεγάλου ἕως μικροῦ), meaning 'from the greatest to the least' or 'from everyone, regardless of status'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ (mikros) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to the Latin 'minor' and 'minimus'.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEIN

Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

G1451

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: eng-GYS

Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh

Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.

G1867

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-py-neh-SAN-tos

Translations: (of) praising, (of) commending, (of) approving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epaineō', meaning 'to praise' or 'to commend'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone or something. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or the source of an action, such as 'of one who praised' or 'of him who commended'. It can be used to describe someone who has performed an act of praise or approval.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ἘΠΙΔΟΞΑΖΩ, ὙΜΝΕΩ

G4757

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tahs

Translations: soldiers

Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is typically used to describe individuals who serve in a military capacity, often in a group. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the subject of a description.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word στρατιώτης (stratiōtēs) comes from στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service', which itself is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-ka-LOON

Translations: they were calling alongside, they were exhorting, they were comforting, they were appealing to, they were entreating, they were encouraging

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were calling someone to their side,' 'they were exhorting,' 'they were comforting,' 'they were appealing to,' or 'they were encouraging.' It implies a continuous or habitual action of summoning, urging, or consoling.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΣΙΝ

Etymology: The word παρακαλέω is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to call to one's side.'

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-non

Translations: having come, having arrived, having appeared, a thing having come, that which has come

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside, to arrive, or to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed, functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. In this form, it refers to something that has come or arrived.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: that, that one, that thing, the former

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned in the discourse. It functions similarly to 'this' but indicates a greater distance or a distinction from something closer or more immediate. For example, it can be used to distinguish 'that house' from 'this house'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle ἐκεῖ (there) and the pronominal suffix -νος. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there'.

G0861

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OW-this

Translations: again, anew, back, once more, furthermore, on the other hand

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'anew'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a contrasting idea, similar to 'furthermore' or 'on the other hand'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΤΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek αὖθις (authis), meaning 'again', 'back again'. It is related to αὖ (au), meaning 'again', 'furthermore'.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREH-fon

Translations: returning, going back, turning back, to return, to go back, to turn back

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'hypostrephō', meaning 'to return' or 'to turn back'. It describes an action of going back to a previous place or state. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, describing someone who is returning, or adverbially, indicating the manner or time of an action (e.g., 'while returning').

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word 'hypostrephō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'hypo' (meaning 'under' or 'back') and the verb 'strephō' (meaning 'to turn'). Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to behold, to look, to know, to understand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing or perceiving in a general sense, often without a specific time frame. It can also imply understanding or knowing something through observation. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He desired to see the truth' or 'It is good to see the light'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'ἰδ-' (id-) is derived from a different, but related, Proto-Indo-European root, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tohn

Translations: of those who think worthy, of those who deem worthy, of those who demand, of those who ask, of those who claim, of those who expect

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'ἈΞΙΌΩ'. It refers to 'those who consider worthy,' 'those who demand,' or 'those who ask/claim.' It describes a group of people who are in the act of deeming something worthy, demanding something, or asking for something. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'the opinion of those who demand' or 'the rights of those who claim.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΔΕΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΖΗΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEI-nai

Translations: to let go, to send away, to forgive, to permit, to abandon, to leave, to dismiss

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀφίημι'. It means 'to let go' or 'to send away'. Depending on the context, it can also mean 'to forgive' (sins), 'to permit' (allow something to happen), 'to abandon' (leave someone or something behind), or 'to dismiss'. It describes an action of releasing or ceasing to hold onto something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ΠΑΡΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

G1656

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ev-doh-ma-tee-KOO

Translations: of weekly, of the weekly

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΕΒΔΟΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ', meaning 'weekly' or 'pertaining to a week'. It is used to describe something that belongs to or is associated with a week, often modifying a noun in the genitive case, such as 'of the weekly tax' or 'of the weekly period'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΕΒΔΟΜΑΤΙΚΟΣ is derived from the Greek word ΕΒΔΟΜΟΣ (hebdomos), meaning 'seventh', which itself comes from ΕΠΤΑ (hepta), meaning 'seven'. Thus, it relates to the concept of a seven-day period or week.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LOO-sin

Translations: they call to one's side, they summon, they entreat, they exhort, they comfort, they encourage, they appeal to, they beseech

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'καλέω' (kaleo), meaning 'to call'. Together, it means to call someone to one's side, often for help, comfort, or instruction. It can be used in various contexts, such as to appeal to someone, to urge or exhort them, to comfort or encourage them, or to invite them.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΡΩΤΑΩ

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PYN-tha-neh-toh

Translations: he was asking, he was inquiring, he was learning, he was finding out

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative middle voice of the verb 'πυνθάνομαι'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means 'he was asking', 'he was inquiring', 'he was learning', or 'he was finding out' something, often through questioning or investigation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G2036

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ei-PON-ton

Translations: of saying, of speaking, of telling, of those saying, of those speaking, of those telling

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. As a genitive plural, it typically refers to 'of those who are saying' or 'of their saying'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΠΩ (eipo) is an aorist stem of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

G5537

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khray-ma-TEE-zayn

Translations: to do business, to transact, to give a divine warning, to be called, to be named, to be known as, to be divinely instructed, to be divinely warned, to be divinely revealed

Notes: This word is a verb that can have several meanings depending on the context. It can refer to conducting business or financial transactions. More significantly, in a religious or spiritual context, it means to receive a divine message, warning, or instruction, often through a revelation or oracle. It can also mean to be given a name or title, or to be known by a particular designation, especially when that designation is divinely appointed or recognized. The form ΧΡΗΜΑΤΙΖΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'a thing, matter, business, money', which comes from χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'. The verb originally meant 'to have business dealings', and later extended to 'to deal with divine matters' or 'to be divinely instructed'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TIN-kha-noo-sin

Translations: they happen, they obtain, they meet, they attain, they get, they fall upon

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to happen,' 'to obtain,' 'to meet,' or 'to attain.' It describes an action where someone or something comes across or acquires something, often by chance or by reaching a certain state or goal. It can be used to indicate that something occurs or that someone receives or experiences something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fah-MEH-nohn

Translations: saying, speaking, asserting, claiming, alleging

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or asserting that is ongoing or habitual. In the genitive plural, it often functions as a genitive absolute construction, indicating the circumstances or reason for the main action, or as a possessive or descriptive genitive. For example, 'of those who are saying' or 'while they were saying'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕἸΠΟΝΤΩΝ, ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GO-geh

Translations: I, I myself, indeed I, as for me

Notes: This word is an emphatic form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to add emphasis or contrast to the speaker, highlighting that 'I' am the one performing the action or holding the opinion, often in contrast to others. It can be translated as 'I myself' or 'as for me'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative, Emphatic

Synonyms: ἘΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΓΩΓΕ is an emphatic form derived from the pronoun ἘΓΩ (ego), meaning 'I', with the addition of the enclitic particle -ΓΕ, which serves to add emphasis or focus to the preceding word.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREP-sas

Translations: having returned, returning, turned back

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to return' or 'to turn back'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often indicating the subject's movement back to a previous location or state. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'having returned' or 'returning', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-kree-BES-teh-ron

Translations: more accurately, more exactly, more strictly, more carefully, more precisely

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb, meaning 'more accurately' or 'more exactly'. It describes an action or state with a higher degree of precision, strictness, or care. For example, one might 'speak more accurately' or 'know something more precisely'. It is often used to indicate a greater level of detail or correctness.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Accusative (used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΩΣ, ΣΑΦΕΣΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word derives from the adjective ἈΚΡΙΒΗΣ (akribēs), meaning 'exact, precise, strict'. It is formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not', and the root κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to separate, discern, judge'. Thus, it originally conveyed the sense of 'not to be separated' or 'indivisible', leading to the meaning of 'exact' or 'precise'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dox-AN-tah

Translations: having seemed, having thought, having appeared, seeming, thinking, appearing, those who seemed, things that seemed

Notes: ΔΟΞΑΝΤΑ is a participle derived from the verb ΔΟΚΕΩ, meaning 'to seem,' 'to think,' or 'to appear.' As a participle, it describes an action or state related to the main verb in a sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. In this form, it indicates an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often translated as 'having seemed' or 'seeming.' It can refer to persons or things that seemed or were thought to be something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΝΤΑ, ΝΟΜΙΣΑΝΤΑ

G1902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EP-es-thai

Translations: to follow, to accompany, to pursue, to attend

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes the action of going after someone or something, or being present with them. It can also imply pursuing a goal or consequence. It is often used with the dative case to indicate the person or thing being followed.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἕπω (hepo) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to go after'.

G2819

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLAY-roos

Translations: lots, shares, portions, inheritances

Notes: This word refers to a lot, such as one cast to make a decision, or a share or portion of something, often an inheritance or an assigned part. It is used in contexts where something is divided or allocated, or where a decision is made by chance or divine will through the casting of lots. It can also refer to a person's allotted destiny or inheritance.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'κλῆρος' (klēros) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient Greek word. It originally referred to a piece of wood or stone used for casting lots, and later came to mean the lot itself, and then the portion or inheritance determined by it.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G4367

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-TAK-sas

Translations: having commanded, having ordered, having instructed, having appointed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having commanded' or 'having ordered'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has a direct bearing on the present situation or subsequent events. It is often used to indicate that someone has given an authoritative directive or instruction.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΙΛΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΑΣ, ΕΠΙΤΑΞΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange towards' or 'to appoint to', leading to the sense of commanding or ordering.

G5053

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-le-oo-TEE-san-tos

Translations: (of) one who died, (of) a dead person, (of) one having died, (of) someone who has died

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τελευτάω' (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish', 'to end', or 'to die'. As a genitive masculine singular participle, it indicates an action completed before the main verb, often translated as 'when he died', 'after he died', or 'of one who died'. It describes the state or action of someone who has passed away.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΚΠΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from τέλος (telos), meaning 'end' or 'completion'. The verb thus signifies bringing something to an end or reaching a conclusion, which extends to the concept of dying as the end of life.

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHEE

Translations: beginning, a beginning, rule, a rule, ruler, a ruler, first, origin, a first, a ruler, dominion, a dominion, principality, a principality

Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or dominion, and by extension, the person holding such authority (a ruler or magistrate). It is used to describe the starting point of time, a sequence, or a source of power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEI-nen

Translations: remained, abode, stayed, endured, continued

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain,' 'to abide,' 'to stay,' or 'to endure.' It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed. It can be used to indicate that someone or something stayed in a particular place, continued in a certain state, or persevered through a situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-khen

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe someone holding or keeping something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-MEE-as

Translations: of lawlessness, of iniquity, of transgression, of a lawlessness, of an iniquity, of a transgression

Notes: This word refers to the state or act of being without law, or acting contrary to law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or transgression. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It is used to describe actions or a state of being that goes against established laws, whether divine or human.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-loo

Translations: of another, of others, elsewhere, to another place, to another

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another', or as an adverb meaning 'elsewhere' or 'to another place'. When used as an adjective, it refers to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. As an adverb, it indicates a different location or direction. It is an inflected form of the word 'ΑΛΛΟΣ'.

Inflection: Genitive Singular (Masculine or Neuter), or Adverb

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙ

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EF-ev-gen

Translations: he was fleeing, she was fleeing, it was fleeing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. So, 'ἘΦΕΥΓΕΝ' indicates that 'he, she, or it was in the process of fleeing' or 'kept on fleeing'.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-BEB-lees-thai

Translations: to be cast out, to be thrown out, to be driven out, to be expelled

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb ἐκβάλλω (ekballō), meaning 'to cast out' or 'to throw out'. As a perfect passive infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed and whose subject is the recipient of the action. It is used to express the state of having been cast out or expelled.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΩΘΕΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκβάλλω (ekballō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ay-LEE-fay

Translations: he had received, he had taken, he had taken over, he had accepted, he had inherited

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to receive from another', 'to take over', 'to accept', or 'to inherit'. It implies a transfer of something from one person to another, whether it be tradition, authority, or an object. It is often used in contexts of succession or the passing down of information.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'from beside' or 'from', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.