2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0288

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AM-peh-los

Translations: vine, a vine, vineyard

Notes: This word refers to a vine, specifically a grape vine, or by extension, a vineyard. It is commonly used in agricultural contexts and can also be used metaphorically, such as in the New Testament where Jesus refers to himself as 'the true vine'. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΜΑ, ΟΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ἈΜΠΕΛΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used since ancient times to refer to the grape vine.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-OR-gos

Translations: farmer, a farmer, husbandman, a husbandman, vine-dresser, a vine-dresser

Notes: This word refers to a farmer or husbandman, someone who works the land, especially in agriculture. It is a compound word derived from 'γῆ' (earth, land) and 'ἔργον' (work), literally meaning 'earth-worker'. It is used to describe anyone engaged in cultivating the soil, such as a tiller of the ground or a vine-dresser.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΩΠΟΝΟΣ, ΓΕΩΡΓΩΝ

Etymology: From γῆ (gē, “earth”) + ἔργον (ergon, “work”). It literally means 'earth-worker' or 'one who works the land'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G2814

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-mah

Translations: branch, a branch, vine branch, a vine branch, shoot, a shoot

Notes: This word refers to a branch or shoot, typically of a vine or tree. It is often used in a literal sense to describe a part of a plant, but can also be used metaphorically to represent something that grows out of or is connected to a larger entity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΤΟΣ, ΚΛΑΔΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb κλάω (klaō), meaning 'to break off'. It refers to something broken off or a shoot that breaks forth.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PHEH-ron

Translations: bearing, carrying, bringing, enduring, producing, yielding, leading, moving, being carried, being brought

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'bearing' or 'carrying'. It describes an ongoing action of bringing, carrying, or enduring. It can also mean 'producing' or 'yielding' when referring to plants or trees, or 'leading' or 'moving'. In the passive voice, it can mean 'being carried' or 'being brought'. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can act as a substantive (a noun formed from a participle).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-PON

Translations: fruit, a fruit, produce, crop, result, profit

Notes: This word refers to the fruit or produce of plants, trees, or the earth. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the result, outcome, or profit of actions or endeavors. In the provided examples, it refers to the literal fruit of plants.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ (karpos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AI-rei

Translations: he takes up, she takes up, it takes up, he lifts, she lifts, it lifts, he carries, she carries, it carries, he removes, she removes, it removes, he takes away, she takes away, it takes away

Notes: This is a verb meaning to lift, take up, carry, or take away. It can also mean to remove, destroy, or pick up. It is used to describe an action performed by a third-person singular subject (he, she, or it) in the present tense.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-THAI-rei

Translations: he takes down, he pulls down, he destroys, he purifies, he cleanses, he removes, he casts down

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to take down, pull down, destroy, or purify. It can be used in various contexts, such as physically demolishing a structure, removing something from a position, or ritually cleansing a person or object. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb αἱρέω (haireō, meaning 'to take' or 'to choose').

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΚΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah

Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHEH-ree

Translations: may bear, may carry, may bring, bear, carry, bring

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of physically moving something, or metaphorically, to endure or produce something. Depending on the context, it can function as a subjunctive verb, indicating a potential or desired action, or as an imperative, giving a command.

Inflection: Present, Active, Subjunctive, 2nd Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular; or Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-LAH-lee-kah

Translations: I have spoken, I have said, I have talked

Notes: This is a verb in the perfect active indicative tense, first person singular. It means 'I have spoken' or 'I have said'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results or relevance in the present. It describes the state resulting from a past action.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΛΕΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering. It is related to the idea of uttering sounds or speaking.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEH-rine

Translations: to bear, to carry, to bring, to lead, to endure, to produce

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΦΕΡΩ. It means "to bear," "to carry," or "to bring." It can also imply enduring something or producing fruit/results. It is used to express an action without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning like an English infinitive phrase.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- meaning 'to carry, to bear'. It is cognate with Latin ferō, English bear, and Sanskrit bharati.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G3306

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-nee

Translations: remaining, abiding, dwelling, enduring, staying, a remaining one, an abiding one

Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, nominative form of the present active participle of the verb 'ΜΕΝΩ' (menō). It describes something or someone that is remaining, abiding, or dwelling. It can function as an adjective, modifying a feminine noun, or as a substantive (a noun), referring to 'the one who remains' or 'the abiding one'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΗ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΣΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2814

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-mah-tah

Translations: branch, a branch, vine branch, a vine branch

Notes: This word refers to a branch, specifically a vine branch or shoot. It is often used in the context of plants, particularly grapevines, to describe the parts that grow from the main stem and bear fruit. It is a plural form, indicating multiple branches.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΑΔΟΣ, ΒΛΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΗΜΑ (klēma) comes from the Greek verb κλάω (klaō), meaning 'to break off' or 'to prune', referring to something broken off or pruned from a plant.

G3306

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: MEH-nohn

Translations: remaining, abiding, dwelling, enduring, one who remains, he who remains

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΜΕΝΩ' (menō), meaning 'to remain,' 'to abide,' 'to dwell,' or 'to endure.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an ongoing action or state. It can refer to someone or something that is currently remaining, abiding, or enduring in a particular place, state, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΩΝ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΜΕΝΩ' (menō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stay, remain, stand still.' It is related to Latin 'maneo' and Sanskrit 'manas'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEH-rei

Translations: he carries, she carries, it carries, he bears, she bears, it bears, he brings, she brings, it brings, he produces, she produces, it produces, he endures, she endures, it endures

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to carry,' 'to bear,' 'to bring,' 'to produce,' or 'to endure.' It is used to describe the action of someone or something moving an object, or the act of a plant producing fruit, or a person enduring hardship. It is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-stheh

Translations: you are able, you can, you may, you all are able, you all can, you all may

Notes: This word means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used in conjunction with an infinitive verb, indicating the ability or capacity to perform an action. For example, 'you are able to do something'. It can also imply permission or possibility.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the root δύνα- (dyna-), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to words like δύναμις (dynamis, 'power') and δυνατός (dynatos, 'powerful').

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3583

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ay-RAN-thay

Translations: it was dried up, it withered, it became dry, it was parched

Notes: This word describes something that has become dry, withered, or parched. It is used to indicate a state of complete dryness or decay, often in reference to plants, land, or even a hand. It is a compound word, formed from the prefix ἐξ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and the verb ξηραίνω (xērainō), meaning 'to dry up'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΥΑΙΝΩ, ΜΑΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ξηραίνω (xērainō) comes from the adjective ξηρός (xēros), meaning 'dry'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FEH-reh-teh

Translations: you bring, you carry, you bear, you may bring, you may carry, you may bear

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'pherō', meaning 'to bring', 'to carry', or 'to bear'. It is used to describe the action of moving something from one place to another, or enduring something. It can also imply producing or yielding something. The form 'pherēte' specifically indicates an action performed by 'you' (plural).

Inflection: Present, Subjunctive, Second Person, Plural OR Present, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΕΡΩ (pherō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰer-, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, including English 'bear' and Latin 'fero'.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-gah-PEH-sah

Translations: I loved, I have loved

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to love' or 'to have affection for'. It is used to express a deep, often unconditional, form of love. In this specific form, it indicates an action of loving that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΈΩ, ἘΡΆΩ

Etymology: From an unknown origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a common word in Koine Greek, frequently used in the New Testament to describe divine and brotherly love.

G0026

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay

Translations: love, a love, charity

Notes: This word refers to a deep, unconditional, and benevolent love, often used in a spiritual or divine sense. It is a selfless and sacrificial love, distinct from other forms of love like eros (romantic love) or philia (friendship love). It can be used to describe God's love for humanity, or the love that believers should have for God and for one another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It gained prominence in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, where it was chosen to translate the Hebrew word 'ahavah' and to describe a specific kind of divine and selfless love.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: te-TAY-ree-kah

Translations: I have kept, I have guarded, I have observed, I have preserved

Notes: This is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb τηρέω (tēreō). It signifies an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It means 'I have kept,' 'I have guarded,' 'I have observed,' or 'I have preserved' something or someone.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word τηρέω (tēreō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to τήρω (tērō), meaning 'to watch over' or 'to protect'.

G5479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-ra

Translations: joy, a joy, gladness, delight

Notes: This word refers to a state of inner gladness, delight, or joy. It is often used to describe a deep-seated happiness that comes from a positive experience or a spiritual blessing. It can be used in sentences like 'He felt great joy' or 'There was much gladness among them.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the root χαίρω (chairō), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It is related to the concept of grace or favor.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-roh-THEE

Translations: be fulfilled, be completed, be filled, be made full

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be filled, to be completed, or to be fulfilled. It is often used in the context of prophecies being fulfilled, time being completed, or a vessel being filled. It describes a state of being brought to fullness or completion.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΗΘΩ

Etymology: The word Πληρόω (plēroō) comes from πλῆρες (plēres), meaning 'full'. It is related to the concept of fullness or completion.

G1785

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-toh-LEE

Translations: commandment, a commandment, command, an order, instruction, a precept

Notes: This word refers to a command, an order, or an instruction, often with a sense of divine or authoritative decree. It is frequently used in religious contexts to denote a divine law or precept that must be obeyed. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a commandment' or 'They kept the commandments.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐντολή (entolḗ, “command, order”), from ἐντέλλω (entéllō, “I command, enjoin”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + τέλλω (téllō, “I accomplish, perform”).

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DACE

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

Part of Speech: Morpheme

Sounds like: THAY

Translations: passive voice marker, aorist tense marker

Notes: This is not a standalone word but a morpheme, specifically a common suffix used in Koine Greek verbs. It primarily indicates the aorist tense and the passive voice. For example, in verbs like 'ἐφοβήθησαν' (they were afraid), the '-θη-' part signifies the aorist passive. It is a crucial component for forming many passive verb conjugations.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive voice marker

Etymology: This morpheme is derived from the Proto-Indo-European suffix *-tʰeh₁-, which was used to form aorist passive verbs. It evolved into the characteristic -θη- ending in Ancient Greek.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-teh

Translations: you do, you make, you perform, you create, you produce

Notes: This is a very common verb in Koine Greek, meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It can also mean 'to perform', 'to create', or 'to produce'. Its meaning is broad and depends heavily on the context in which it is used. It is often used to describe actions or the bringing about of something.

Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Present Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΣΣΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΙΕΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- meaning 'to build, to make'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the sense of creation or action.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G1781

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-TEL-loh-my

Translations: command, order, charge, instruct, enjoin

Notes: This verb means to give a command, order, or instruction. It implies a directive from a position of authority, often with the expectation of obedience. It can be used to describe God commanding people, or a person giving orders to another.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ἘΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐντέλλομαι (entéllomai), from ἐν (en, “in”) + τέλλω (téllō, “to accomplish, perform”). It literally means 'to put a charge upon' or 'to lay a command upon'.

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-los

Translations: servant, a servant, slave, a slave, bondservant, a bondservant

Notes: The word "δούλος" (doulos) refers to a servant, slave, or bondservant. In ancient Greek society, a δούλος was typically someone who was the property of another, lacking personal rights and serving their master. However, in a religious context, it can also denote a devoted servant of God, emphasizing willing submission and loyalty rather than forced servitude.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word "δούλος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to the concept of being bound or enslaved.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-den

Translations: knows, has known, understands

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense verb that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that has been acquired and continues. It describes what someone or something is aware of or comprehends.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- ('to see, to know'). In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense verb with a present meaning.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-RAY-kah

Translations: I have said, I have spoken, I have told

Notes: This is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or relevance in the present. It is used to express that the speaker has completed the act of saying something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΛΑΛΗΚΑ, ΕΙΠΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb ἐρέω (eréō), meaning 'to ask, say, speak'. The perfect stem εἴρηκα (eírēka) is used for the perfect tense of this verb.

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G1586

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-eh-LEK-sah-stheh

Translations: you chose, you have chosen, you did choose

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to choose out, select, or pick out'. It implies a deliberate selection from a larger group. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the act of people choosing a king or choosing to serve the Lord. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to pick up, gather, or say'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΛΕΓΩ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G5217

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAH-gee-teh

Translations: go, depart, go away, go ye, depart ye

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under' or 'away', and the verb ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to go'. It generally means 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It is often used as an imperative, meaning 'Go!' or 'Go away!'. It can also be used in a subjunctive sense, indicating purpose or result, such as 'in order that you may go'.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist Active Subjunctive or Present Active Imperative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-POS

Translations: fruit, a fruit, crop, produce, result, profit, deed

Notes: This word refers to the literal fruit of plants, trees, or the earth, such as a crop or produce. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the outcome or result of an action, effort, or life, often translated as 'fruit' in the sense of 'the fruit of one's labor' or 'the fruit of the Spirit'. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since classical times.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mos

Translations: world, a world, universe, order, adornment, decoration, ornament

Notes: This word refers to the world or the universe, often implying an ordered system. It can also refer to adornment or decoration, such as jewelry or clothing, highlighting the idea of something well-arranged or beautiful. In a broader sense, it can denote humanity or the inhabitants of the earth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΓΗ

Etymology: From the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to put in order, to adorn'. The noun form thus carries the sense of something ordered, arranged, or beautiful.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3421

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mnee-moh-NEH-oo-eh-teh

Translations: remember, call to mind, be mindful of, make mention of

Notes: This verb means to remember, to call to mind, or to be mindful of something or someone. It implies an active process of recalling or keeping something in one's thoughts. It is often used in the imperative to command someone to remember.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From μνήμων (mnēmōn, 'mindful, remembering'), which comes from μνάομαι (mnaomai, 'to remember, to call to mind').

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zohn

Translations: greater, larger, mightier, more important

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'greater' or 'larger'. It is used to indicate a higher degree of size, importance, or quantity when comparing two or more things. It can also imply superiority or preeminence.

Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great'. It is the irregular comparative form of this adjective.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEE-oh-xahn

Translations: they pursued, they persecuted, they chased, they followed after

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pursue', 'to chase', 'to follow after', or 'to persecute'. It describes an action of actively going after someone or something, either with hostile intent (persecution) or simply to follow or reach a goal. In its past tense form, as seen here, it indicates that a group of people performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-OHK-soo-sin

Translations: they will pursue, they will persecute, they will chase, they will follow after

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pursue,' 'to chase,' 'to follow after,' or 'to persecute.' It describes an action of moving quickly after someone or something, either with hostile intent (persecution) or with a goal in mind (pursuit of a goal). It can be used in contexts of hunting, chasing an enemy, or striving for a spiritual aim.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TAY-ray-san

Translations: they kept, they observed, they guarded, they preserved, they watched

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τηρέω' (tēreō). It means 'they kept' or 'they observed' something in the past. It can refer to keeping a command, observing a custom, guarding a person or place, or preserving something from harm. It describes a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psan-tah

Translations: having sent, the one who sent, a sender

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities. It describes someone or something that has performed the action of sending. It can be translated as 'having sent' or, when used substantively, 'the one who sent' or 'a sender'. Its meaning is active and refers to a past action with ongoing relevance.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came

Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mi-SOHN

Translations: hating, one who hates, a hater

Notes: ΜΙΣΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΜΙΣΕΩ, meaning 'to hate'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of hating or is characterized by hatred. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, meaning 'the one who hates' or 'a hater'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΕΩ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to hate' or 'to detest'. It is found in various forms across ancient Greek literature.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-sah

Translations: I made, I did, I created, I produced

Notes: This is a common verb meaning 'to make', 'to do', 'to create', or 'to produce'. It describes the act of bringing something into existence or performing an action. The form 'ἘΠΟΙΗΣΑ' specifically indicates a completed action in the past, performed by the speaker ('I'). It is often used in contexts of creation, performance of deeds, or the execution of commands.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-los

Translations: other, another, different, a different

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or is currently under consideration. It can be used to distinguish one item from a group or to introduce a new, separate item.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ, ΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is cognate with Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-oh-RAH-kah-sin

Translations: they have seen, they have perceived, they have looked

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they have seen' or 'they have perceived'. It is in the perfect tense, indicating an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It describes a completed act of seeing or understanding.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΑΩ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-mee-SEE-kah-sin

Translations: they have hated, they hated, they detested

Notes: This word is the third person plural perfect active indicative form of the verb μισέω (miseō), meaning 'to hate' or 'to detest'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. Therefore, it describes a state of having hated or detested something, often with the implication that this hatred persists.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ge-grahm-MEH-nos

Translations: written, having been written, it is written

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It describes something that has been written or is in a written state. It is often used to refer to scripture or a decree that has been put into writing, conveying the sense of a completed action with ongoing results. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'as it is written' or 'the things having been written'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ, ΓΡΑΦΗ

G1432

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: doh-reh-AHN

Translations: freely, for nothing, without cause, in vain, gratuitously, undeservedly

Notes: This word means 'freely' or 'gratuitously,' indicating something given or done without cost or obligation. It can also mean 'without cause' or 'in vain,' implying that something is done without a valid reason or achieves no purpose. It is used to describe actions that are unmerited or without charge.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΩΡΕΑ

Etymology: From the noun δωρεά (dōrea), meaning 'a gift' or 'a present,' which itself comes from δῶρον (dōron), also meaning 'gift.' The suffix -αν makes it an adverb.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EL-thay

Translations: come, go, arrive, proceed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is often used to describe movement towards or away from a place, or the arrival of a person or event. It can also refer to the act of proceeding or happening. In the provided examples, it is used in a subjunctive mood, indicating a potential or hypothetical action, often translated as 'should come' or 'might come'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

G3875

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-RAH-klee-tos

Translations: Advocate, Helper, Counselor, Comforter, Intercessor, a Helper, an Advocate

Notes: This word refers to someone called alongside to help, advise, or intercede. It is often used in a legal context to mean an advocate or defense counsel. In Christian theology, it is a significant title for the Holy Spirit, referring to the Spirit's role as a helper, comforter, and counselor to believers. It is a compound word formed from 'para' (alongside) and 'kaleo' (to call).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΓΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō), meaning 'to call alongside, to exhort, to comfort'. It is formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and καλέω (kaleō, 'to call').

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G1607

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-por-YOO-eh-tai

Translations: goes out, comes out, proceeds, issues forth

Notes: This word describes the action of moving out from a place or source, or of something issuing forth. It can refer to a person physically leaving a location, or to something abstract, like words or thoughts, coming out from within. It is often used to describe a procession or an emanation.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐκ (ek, "out of") and πορεύομαι (poreuomai, "to go, to proceed").

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mar-too-RAY-see

Translations: will bear witness, will testify, will give evidence

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. It describes the act of providing evidence or confirming a truth, often in a legal or formal context. It can be used to indicate that someone will speak as a witness or provide testimony about an event or fact.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ (martyreō) comes from the noun ΜΑΡΤΥΣ (martys), meaning 'witness'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G3326