2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-mays

Translations: of a village, of a town, of a country town

Notes: This word refers to a village, a small town, or a country town. It is used to describe a settlement that is smaller than a city but larger than a mere collection of houses. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΟΠΟΛΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom- (meaning 'village, settlement'). It is related to the Latin 'vicus' (village) and the English 'home'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3137

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-REE-ah

Translations: Mary

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the name Mary. In the New Testament, it is the name of several prominent women, most notably Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Mary is derived from the Hebrew name Miryam (מִרְיָם), which is of uncertain meaning but possibly related to 'bitterness' or 'rebellion', or alternatively, 'beloved' or 'sea of bitterness'. It came into Greek as Mariam and Maria.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1591

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ek-MAH-sah-sah

Translations: having wiped off, having dried, having wiped away, a wiping off one

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'ekmassō', which means 'to wipe off' or 'to dry'. It is a compound word formed from 'ek' (out, from) and 'massō' (to knead, wipe). It describes an action that has been completed, indicating someone who has performed the act of wiping or drying something thoroughly.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΜΑΤΤΩ, ΕΚΜΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'ekmassō' is derived from the preposition 'ek' (out of, from) and the verb 'massō' (to knead, wipe). The combination implies a thorough or complete wiping action.

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOS

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow countryman, kinsman, fellow believer

Notes: This word refers to a brother, either by birth or by a close familial or social bond. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ἙΤΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FAI

Translations: sisters

Notes: This word refers to female siblings or, more broadly, to female members of a community or group who share a common bond, such as fellow believers in a religious context. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is used in sentences to refer to multiple women who are sisters by birth or by association.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to siblings. It is related to the concept of shared origin or community.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G0769

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: as-THEH-ni-ah

Translations: weakness, a weakness, sickness, a sickness, infirmity, an infirmity, disease, a disease

Notes: This word refers to a state of weakness, lack of strength, or feebleness. It can describe physical illness, sickness, or disease, but also a moral or spiritual weakness. It is often used in contexts describing human frailty or limitations.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΡΡΩΣΤΙΑ, ΝΟΣΟΣ, ἈΔΥΝΑΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the adjective ἀσθενής (asthenes), meaning 'weak, without strength', which is a compound of ἀ- (a-, 'not') and σθένος (sthenos, 'strength').

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-pah

Translations: loved, was loving

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'agapaō', meaning 'to love'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. Therefore, it signifies 'he/she/it was loving' or 'he/she/it used to love', emphasizing the duration or habitual nature of the love.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΕΡΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'agapaō' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a key term in the New Testament, often used to describe a selfless, unconditional love.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FEN

Translations: sister, a sister

Notes: This word refers to a female sibling. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is used to denote a biological sister, or metaphorically, a fellow believer or a close female companion.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἀδελφή (adelphē) is derived from ἀδελφός (adelphos), which is a compound of the copulative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'together' or 'same') and δελφύς (delphys, 'womb'). Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEI-nen

Translations: remained, abode, stayed, endured, continued

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain,' 'to abide,' 'to stay,' or 'to endure.' It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed. It can be used to indicate that someone or something stayed in a particular place, continued in a certain state, or persevered through a situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1899

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah

Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon

Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GOH-men

Translations: let us go, we go, we lead, let us lead

Notes: This word is the first person plural present active subjunctive form of the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to go'. In the subjunctive mood, especially in the first person plural, it is often used hortatively, expressing an exhortation or suggestion, similar to 'let us go' or 'let us lead'. It can also simply indicate 'we go' or 'we lead' depending on the context.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΩΜΕΝ, ΒΑΙΝΩΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word ἄγω (agō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, to lead, to pull'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4461

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rahb-BEE

Translations: Rabbi, Master, Teacher

Notes: This word is a transliteration of a Hebrew/Aramaic term meaning 'my great one' or 'my master'. In Koine Greek, it is used as a title of respect and honor, particularly for religious teachers or leaders. It functions as an indeclinable noun, meaning its form does not change regardless of its grammatical role in a sentence. It is often used as a direct address, similar to 'Sir' or 'Teacher' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΡΑΒΒΕΙ" is a direct transliteration from the Aramaic word 'rabbi', which itself comes from the Hebrew 'rav', meaning 'great' or 'master'. The suffix '-i' indicates 'my'. It entered Koine Greek as a loanword due to the influence of Aramaic and Hebrew in the region.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ZAY-toon

Translations: they were seeking, they sought, they were asking, they asked, they were desiring, they desired

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to seek, to look for, to ask for, to demand, or to desire. It is used to describe an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They were seeking the truth' or 'They asked for mercy'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΖΗΤΕΩ (zēteō) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek verb that has been in use since classical times.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH-ee

Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.

G5611

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoh-RAI

Translations: beautiful, fair, comely, lovely

Notes: This word describes something as beautiful, fair, or comely. It is often used to refer to things that are pleasing to the eye or are in their prime. In the provided context, it is used in the neuter plural to refer to 'beautiful things' or 'beautiful places'.

Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὥρα (hōra), meaning 'season' or 'proper time'. The word originally referred to something that was 'timely' or 'in its prime', and thus by extension, 'beautiful' or 'fitting'.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-KOP-tee

Translations: stumbles, causes to stumble, strikes against, offends

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'against', and the verb ΚΟΠΤΩ (koptō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to cut'. Together, it means to strike against something, to stumble, or to cause someone else to stumble or be offended. It is often used metaphorically to describe a moral or spiritual stumbling block.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΚΑΝΔΑΛΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΡΟΥΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLEH-pei

Translations: he sees, she sees, it sees, he looks, she looks, it looks, he perceives, she perceives, it perceives

Notes: This word means 'to see', 'to look', or 'to perceive'. It is used to describe the act of observing something with one's eyes or understanding something mentally. It can refer to physical sight or to a more metaphorical understanding or awareness. For example, one might 'see' a person or 'see' the truth of a matter.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΩ

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-loss

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a lover

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'lover.' As an adjective, it describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of mutual affection. It is often used to describe close relationships.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'philos' comes from an ancient root meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of.' It is related to other words in Greek that express affection and friendship.

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-koy-MEE-tai

Translations: has fallen asleep, is sleeping, has died, is dead

Notes: This word is the perfect tense, middle or passive voice, third person singular form of the verb 'κοιμάω' (koimaō). It literally means 'to have fallen asleep' or 'to be sleeping'. In many contexts, especially in the New Testament, it is used as a euphemism for 'to have died' or 'to be dead', particularly referring to the death of believers, implying a temporary state before resurrection. It describes a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΑ

Etymology: The word κοιμάω (koimaō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to rest'. It is related to words for 'bed' or 'sleeping place'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-YOO-oh-my

Translations: I go, I come, I depart, I travel, I walk

Notes: This word is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive grammatical form but an active meaning. It describes the act of moving from one place to another, whether by walking, traveling, or simply going. It can be used in various contexts to indicate movement, departure, or arrival.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: From an assumed derivative of the root of Ancient Greek πόρος (poros, 'a passage, a ford').

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOX-an

Translations: they seemed, they thought, they appeared, they resolved, they decided

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It means 'they seemed' or 'they thought' or 'they appeared'. It can also mean 'they resolved' or 'they decided' when referring to a group's decision. It is often used impersonally or with an infinitive to express what seems good or right to a group of people.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G2838

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-MEE-seh-ohs

Translations: of sleep, of falling asleep, of death, of rest, of a sleeping, of a resting

Notes: This word refers to the act of falling asleep, sleep itself, or a state of rest. In a figurative sense, it is often used as a euphemism for death, particularly in the context of someone 'falling asleep' in the Lord. It describes a state of repose or cessation of activity.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΣ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word κοίμησις (koimēsis) comes from the verb κοιμάω (koimaō), meaning 'to put to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. It is related to the concept of lying down or resting.

G3954

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-ray-SEE-ah

Translations: boldness, a boldness, confidence, a confidence, frankness, a frankness, plainness of speech, a plainness of speech, openness, an openness, courage, a courage

Notes: This word refers to the quality of speaking or acting with boldness, frankness, and confidence, especially in public or before authorities. It implies a lack of fear or hesitation in expressing one's thoughts or beliefs. It can be used to describe someone who speaks openly and without reservation, even when facing opposition or danger.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΟΣ, ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all', and ῥῆσις (rhēsis), meaning 'speech' or 'saying'. Thus, it literally means 'all speech' or 'speaking everything', conveying the idea of unreserved or complete freedom of speech.

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHAH-ee-roh

Translations: rejoice, be glad, be well, hail, farewell

Notes: This verb means to rejoice, be glad, or be well. It is often used as a greeting, similar to "hail" or "greetings," and can also be used as a farewell, meaning "farewell" or "goodbye." It expresses a state of joy or well-being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular; also functions as an imperative (rejoice!, hail!)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From a primary verb, probably from the root of χάρις (charis, "grace"), meaning to be cheerful, to be in a state of grace or favor.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, the one having

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun that 'has' something, or adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed (e.g., 'while having'). In the provided examples, it describes things that 'do not have' a leader, trees 'having' branches, and 'the one having' all power.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G0963

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beh-thah-NEE-ah

Translations: Bethany

Notes: Bethany is a proper noun referring to a specific village located near Jerusalem, on the Mount of Olives. It is frequently mentioned in the New Testament as the home of Mary, Martha, and Lazarus, and a place where Jesus often stayed when visiting Jerusalem. It is also the site of Lazarus's resurrection and Jesus's ascension.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Bethany' is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'house of dates' or 'house of figs', or possibly 'house of misery/affliction'.

G1451

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: eng-GYS

Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh

Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.

G3888

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-my-THE-sohn-tai

Translations: comfort, console, encourage, exhort

Notes: This word means to comfort, console, or encourage someone. It implies offering solace and support, often in times of distress or sorrow. It can also carry the sense of exhorting or urging someone to a particular course of action, especially through gentle persuasion. It is used to describe the act of providing emotional or moral support.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΕΩ, ΘΑΡΣΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and μυθέομαι (mytheomai), meaning 'to speak' or 'to tell'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak alongside' or 'to speak to one's side', conveying the idea of offering words of comfort or encouragement.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW-tas

Translations: them, themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOO

Translations: (of) a brother, (of) the brother, (of) a fellow believer, (of) the fellow believer, (of) a kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, or more broadly, a fellow human being, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koh

Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

G2521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KATH-eh-zeh-toh

Translations: he was sitting, she was sitting, it was sitting, he sat down, she sat down, it sat down

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to sit down' or 'to be seated'. It is often used to describe someone taking a seat or being in a seated position. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down') and the verb ἕζομαι (hezomai, 'to sit'). The form provided, ἘΚΑΘΕΖΕΤΟ, is in the imperfect tense, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἕζομαι (hezomai), meaning 'to sit' or 'to be seated'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: know, understand, perceive, be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense verb that functions with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that has resulted from a past act of perceiving or learning. It is often used to express a deep, intuitive, or experiential knowledge, as opposed to merely intellectual knowledge. It can be used with an accusative object, or with a clause introduced by 'ὅτι' (that) or an interrogative pronoun.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense verb with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing that comes from having seen or perceived.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAY-seh-tai

Translations: will rise, will stand up, will be raised, will appear, will come into existence

Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'ἀνίστημι'. It means 'he/she/it will rise' or 'he/she/it will stand up'. It can refer to rising from a seated or lying position, being raised from the dead, or a kingdom or person appearing or coming into existence.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up, again”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand, to set up”).

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G0450

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-na-STA-sis

Translations: resurrection, a resurrection, rising again, a rising

Notes: This word refers to a 'rising up' or 'standing up again'. It is most commonly used in the context of a 'resurrection', particularly the resurrection of the dead. It can also refer to a general 'rising' or 'restoration'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ἈΝΟΡΘΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἀνάστασις (anastasis) is derived from the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to stand up', 'to raise up', or 'to cause to rise'. It combines the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', with the root στάσις (stasis), meaning 'a standing' or 'a state of standing'.

G2222

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DZOH-ay

Translations: life, a life

Notes: This word refers to life in its broadest sense, encompassing both physical and spiritual existence. It can denote the principle of life, the period of life, or the way of life. It is often used to describe the state of being alive, as well as the quality of that existence, particularly in a spiritual or eternal context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΨΥΧΗ

Etymology: From the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It is related to the concept of vital breath and existence.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-ohn

Translations: believing, one who believes, a believer

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of believing or trusting. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the believing person'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who believes' or 'a believer'). It implies a deep conviction, reliance, or faith in someone or something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine. Can be used adjectivally or substantively.

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ ΠΙΣΤΙΝ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G2198

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ZOHN

Translations: living, alive, a living one, the living one

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently living or alive. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the living God'), or as a noun itself, referring to 'a living one' or 'the living one'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΕΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ζάω' (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to life or living.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3483

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: NAH-ee

Translations: yes, truly, indeed, even so, assuredly

Notes: This word is an adverb used to express affirmation, agreement, or strong assertion. It can be translated as 'yes' in response to a question, or 'truly' and 'indeed' to emphasize a statement. It often conveys a sense of certainty or confirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΜΗΝ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΑΙ' comes from an ancient Greek particle expressing affirmation. Its origin is uncertain, but it is found in various forms across different Indo-European languages with similar meanings of affirmation or assent.

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOSS

Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One

Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ER-kho-me-nos

Translations: coming, one who comes, he who comes, about to come

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'coming' or 'approaching', or substantively, meaning 'the one who comes' or 'he who is coming'. It is often used in a messianic sense to refer to a future figure.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ee-POO-sah

Translations: having said, after saying, she having said, when she had said

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence. It describes someone (in this case, a feminine subject) who has completed the action of speaking or saying something. It functions like a verbal adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun and conveying the idea of 'having said' or 'after saying'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΥΣΑ, ΦΑΣΑ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΠΩ (eipo) is an aorist form of the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. The aorist stem ΕἸΠ- is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense stem ΛΕΓ-. This is a common feature in Greek verbs where different tenses are formed from different, unrelated roots.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, he departed, he left

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action of moving from one place to another, specifically moving away from a point of reference. It is often used to indicate a final departure or a permanent leaving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1320

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: di-DAS-ka-los

Translations: teacher, a teacher, master, instructor

Notes: This word refers to a teacher, instructor, or master. It is used to denote someone who imparts knowledge or provides instruction, often in a formal or authoritative capacity. It can be used in various contexts, from a general educator to a religious or philosophical leader.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ, ΡΑΒΒΙ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach', combined with the suffix -καλος (-kalos), which forms nouns indicating a person who performs the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who teaches'.

G3918

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ES-tin

Translations: is present, is at hand, is near, is here, is come

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para, meaning 'beside' or 'near') and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi, meaning 'to be'). It means 'to be present', 'to be at hand', or 'to be near'. It is often used to indicate that something is imminent or has arrived.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΕΦΕΣΤΗΚΕΝ, ΗΚΕΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ is a compound of the Greek preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'near', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

G5455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-NEH-ee

Translations: he calls, she calls, it calls, he speaks, she speaks, it speaks, he sounds, she sounds, it sounds

Notes: This word means to utter a sound, to speak, or to call out. It is often used to describe the act of making a vocal sound, whether it's a human voice, an animal's cry, or the sound of an instrument. It can be used in contexts where someone is calling to another person, speaking a word, or making a sound.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΩΝΕΩ (phōneō) comes from the noun ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-reh-tai

Translations: is raised, rises, is awakened, is stirred up, is aroused, is built

Notes: This word means to be raised, to rise, to be awakened, or to be stirred up. It can refer to a physical rising, such as from sleep or from the dead, or to a metaphorical stirring, like an emotion or a sound being raised or produced. It is often used to describe something coming into existence or being brought forth.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ, ΥΨΟΥΤΑΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΕΤΑΙ

G5035

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ta-KHOO

Translations: quick, swift, fast, quickly, swiftly, soon, immediately

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'quick' or 'swift', describing something that moves or happens at a high speed. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'quickly', 'swiftly', 'soon', or 'immediately', indicating the manner or timing of an action. For example, it can describe a 'swift witness' or an action that happens 'quickly'.

Inflection: Neuter Singular Nominative or Accusative (as adjective), Adverbial form (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΧΥ (tachy) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *teh₂g- meaning 'to touch, to handle', which evolved to imply speed or quickness in Greek.

G2968

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-main

Translations: village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a village or a small town, typically an unfortified settlement smaller than a city. It is used to denote a rural community or a collection of dwellings outside of a major urban center. In a sentence, it would often be used to indicate a destination or location, such as 'they went to the village' or 'he lived in a village'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'settlement' or 'unfortified dwelling'. It is related to Latin 'pagus' (country district, village) and English 'home'.

G3888

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-my-THOO-meh-noy

Translations: comforting, consoling, encouraging, exhorting, those who comfort

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and μυθέομαι (mytheomai, 'to speak, to tell'). It means to speak to someone in a way that provides comfort, consolation, or encouragement. It is often used to describe the act of offering solace to someone who is grieving or distressed, or to exhort them to continue in a certain path.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word παραμυθέομαι is derived from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb μυθέομαι (mytheomai), meaning 'to speak' or 'to tell'. The combination suggests speaking to someone in a close or supportive manner.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHL-then

Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, he came out, she came out, it came out, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has exited or left a specific area.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1380

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dox-AN-tes

Translations: having seemed, having thought, having supposed, having appeared, those who thought, when they thought

Notes: This word is a masculine plural nominative aorist active participle of the verb δοκέω (dokeō). It describes an action completed in the past, often translated as 'having seemed' or 'having thought'. It can also function adverbially, indicating the reason or time for another action, such as 'because they thought' or 'when they thought'. It refers to the subjective impression or opinion of a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G3419

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnee-MEH-on

Translations: tomb, monument, memorial, a tomb, a monument, a memorial

Notes: This word refers to a place of remembrance, typically a tomb or a monument. It is used to designate a structure or site that serves to commemorate a person or event, often associated with burial or a significant historical occurrence. It can be used in sentences to refer to a burial place or a commemorative structure.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ, ΜΝΗΜΟΣΥΝΟΝ

Etymology: From μνᾶσθαι (mnasthai), meaning 'to remember'. It refers to something that serves as a reminder or memorial.

G2799

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KLAO-see

Translations: you will weep, you will cry

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'you will weep' or 'you will cry'. It is used to describe a future action of lamenting or shedding tears. It is the second person singular form of the verb 'to weep'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΗ, ΠΕΝΘΗΣΗ, ΘΡΗΝΗΣΗ

Etymology: The word κλαίω (klaio) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of weeping. It is found in ancient Greek literature from Homer onwards.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ee-DOO-sah

Translations: seeing, having seen, when she saw, when she had seen

Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, nominative aorist active participle of the verb 'to see' (ὁράω). It describes an action of seeing that has been completed, often translated as 'having seen' or 'when she saw'. It functions like an adjective, modifying a feminine subject and indicating that the subject performed the action of seeing.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΥΣΑ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΣΑ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ

G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-el-THON-tas

Translations: having come together, assembled, gathered, those who had come together, the ones who assembled

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come together' or 'having assembled'. It describes a group of people who have gathered or convened. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go). It is used to refer to people who have gathered for a specific purpose or in a particular place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΑΓΟΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΡΟΙΣΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G2799

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KLAI-on-tas

Translations: weeping, crying, those weeping, those crying

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'κλαίω' (klaiō), meaning 'to weep' or 'to cry'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of weeping or crying. In this form, it refers to multiple individuals who are weeping, often serving as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΑΚΡΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΘΡΗΝΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G1690

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eb-ree-MEE-sah-toh

Translations: he was deeply moved, he sternly warned, he rebuked, he admonished, he was indignant

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, among) and 'βριμάομαι' (to be angry, to roar). It means to be deeply moved, often with a sense of indignation, anger, or strong emotion, leading to a stern warning or rebuke. It can describe an inward emotional agitation or an outward expression of displeasure.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΤΙΜΆΩ, ὈΡΓΊΖΟΜΑΙ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee

Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition

Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TAH-rax-en

Translations: he troubled, he stirred up, he disturbed, he agitated, he frightened, he perplexed

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to trouble,' 'to stir up,' 'to disturb,' 'to agitate,' 'to frighten,' or 'to perplex.' It describes an action that causes commotion, distress, or confusion, often implying a sudden or impactful event. It is used to describe someone causing a state of unrest or fear in another person or a situation.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΧΕΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΦΟΒΕΩ

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DY-nah-toh

Translations: was able, could, had power

Notes: This word is the imperfect tense of the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It describes an ongoing or repeated ability or capacity in the past. It is often used to express that someone 'could' or 'was able' to do something, or 'had the power' to do it, but the action might not have been completed or was a continuous state.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἸΣΧΥΩ, ἘΞΕΣΤΙΝ

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G1690

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-bree-MOH-meh-nos

Translations: being deeply moved, being indignant, being sternly warned, rebuking

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'embrimaomai'. It describes someone who is deeply moved, often with indignation, anger, or a strong inner emotion. It can also mean to sternly warn or rebuke someone, implying a forceful and serious tone. It is used to describe a state of intense emotional agitation or a forceful verbal action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ἈΓΑΝΑΚΤΈΩ, ὈΡΓΊΖΟΜΑΙ

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3037

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LI-thos

Translations: stone, a stone, rock, a rock

Notes: This word refers to a stone or a rock. It is a common noun used to describe any piece of solid mineral matter, ranging from small pebbles to large boulders. It can be used literally for physical stones or metaphorically for something hard or unyielding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΛΙΘΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, suggesting an ancient root.

G1945

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-kee-toh

Translations: was lying upon, was laid upon, was pressing upon, was imposed, was urgent, was following

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb ἐπίκειμαι (epikeimai). It means to lie upon, to be placed upon, or to press upon something or someone. It can also convey the sense of being imposed or being urgent, or following closely after something. It describes a state of being situated on top of or pressing down on something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OP-see

Translations: you will see, you shall see

Notes: This word is a form of the verb meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. Specifically, it is the second person singular future indicative middle voice of the verb. It is used to express that 'you' (singular) will perform the action of seeing in the future. It can refer to physical sight or to understanding and perceiving something.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ὉΡΑΩ (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The future forms like ὈΨΗ are often derived from the aorist stem ὈΠ- (op-), which is related to the eye and sight.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-ran

Translations: they took up, they lifted, they carried, they took away, they removed

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes an action that was completed in the past, specifically that 'they' (a group of people) lifted, took up, carried, or removed something. It can be used in various contexts where an object is being physically moved from one place to another, or even metaphorically removed.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-ren

Translations: he took, he lifted, he carried, he bore, he picked up, he removed

Notes: This is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to take up, lift, carry, or remove'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point. It can be used in various contexts, such as taking an object, lifting a burden, carrying something, or removing an obstacle.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΠΑΙΡΩ

G2168

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-khah-ris-TOH

Translations: I thank, I give thanks

Notes: This verb means to express gratitude or to give thanks. It is commonly used to acknowledge a benefit received or to show appreciation towards someone or something, often God. It can be used with a dative case to indicate the recipient of the thanks.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Etymology: From the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and χάρις (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. The combination signifies 'to show good grace' or 'to be grateful'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-dane

Translations: I knew, you knew, he knew, she knew, it knew, we knew, they knew, to know

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know'. It is a pluperfect form, which describes an action completed in the past relative to another past action, but it functions with the meaning of a simple past tense (imperfect) in Koine Greek. It can be used for any person (I, you, he/she/it, we, they) depending on the context, as the ending is the same for all persons in this specific tense and mood. It describes a state of knowing or having knowledge.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Indicative, Active, All persons (1st, 2nd, 3rd singular and plural)

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, throng, a throng

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also denote a throng or a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear him speak.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble', perhaps referring to the commotion a crowd can cause.

G4026

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-es-TOH-tah

Translations: standing around, those standing around, bystanders, the ones standing around

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'περιίστημι', meaning 'to stand around' or 'to surround'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has taken a position around another. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who were standing around' or 'the bystanders'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΘΕΝ, ΠΑΡΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEV-soh-sin

Translations: they may believe, they might believe, they should believe, they may trust, they might trust, they should trust, they may have faith, they might have faith, they should have faith

Notes: This word means to believe, trust, or have faith. It is used to express the action of placing confidence in someone or something, or accepting something as true. In this form, it indicates a potential or hypothetical action of believing by a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G2896

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAV-ga-sen

Translations: he cried out, she cried out, it cried out

Notes: This word describes the action of crying out, shouting, or screaming, often with a loud and intense voice. It implies a strong vocalization, whether due to emotion, a command, or a declaration. It is used to describe someone who made a loud sound or proclamation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: From κράζω (krazō, 'to cry out') and the suffix -άζω (-azō), which forms frequentative or intensive verbs. Thus, it means 'to cry out frequently or intensely'.

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G2348

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teth-NEE-koss

Translations: dead, a dead one, having died, the one who died

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb 'to die'. It describes someone who is in a state of being dead, having died in the past. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'dead', or as a noun, meaning 'a dead person' or 'the one who has died'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word θνῄσκω (thnēskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to die'.

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-nos

Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound one, a prisoner

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been bound or tied. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'bound' or 'tied', or substantively, referring to 'one who is bound' or 'a prisoner'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G2750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kay-REE-ais

Translations: bands, grave-clothes, wrappings

Notes: This word refers to strips of cloth or bandages, often used for wrapping the dead for burial. It is a noun that describes the material used to bind or wrap something. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the means by which something is bound or the material itself.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΙΝΔΩΝ, ΟΘΟΝΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΕΙΡΙΑ (keiria) is derived from the verb κείρω (keirō), meaning 'to cut short' or 'to shear'. This suggests the idea of strips or pieces cut from a larger cloth.

G3799

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-sis

Translations: face, countenance, appearance, a face, an appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face or countenance of a person, or more broadly, to the general appearance or outward aspect of something. It can describe what something looks like or how it presents itself. For example, it might be used to describe someone's facial expression or the overall look of an object.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ, ΕἸΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From the verb ὀπτάνομαι (optanomai), meaning 'to see' or 'to appear'. It is related to the concept of sight and what is seen.

G4676

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-DAH-ree-oh

Translations: (to) a handkerchief, (to) a napkin, (to) a face-cloth

Notes: This word refers to a piece of cloth, typically used for wiping the face or hands, or for wrapping something. It can be translated as a handkerchief, napkin, or face-cloth. In the provided examples, it is used to describe a cloth wrapped around someone's face or a cloth in which money was kept.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΔΥΛΙΟΝ, ΟΘΟΝΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Latin 'sudarium', which comes from 'sudor' (sweat) and 'are' (to wipe). It literally means 'sweat-cloth'.

G1210, G4029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-DEH-deh-toh

Translations: was bound around, had been bound around, was wrapped around, had been wrapped around

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition "περί" (around, about) and the verb "δέω" (to bind, tie). It describes an action where something is bound or wrapped around another object. The form indicates a past action that resulted in a state of being bound or wrapped, often implying a completed action with lasting results.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΕΥΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ

G2300

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: theh-AH-sah-meh-noy

Translations: having seen, seeing, beholding, observing, looking at

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'theaomai', meaning 'to behold' or 'to gaze upon'. It describes an action of seeing or observing that has already occurred or is ongoing, often with a sense of wonder, attention, or contemplation. It is used to describe someone who has seen something and is now in a state resulting from that observation. It is a compound word, but its parts are not easily separable into distinct meanings.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAH-yoos

Translations: Pharisees

Notes: This word refers to the Pharisees, a prominent Jewish religious and political party or sect during the Second Temple period. They were known for their strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often emphasizing ritual purity and tithing. They are frequently mentioned in the New Testament, often in opposition to Jesus.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Φαρισαῖος" (Pharisaios) is derived from the Aramaic word "פְּרִישַׁיָּא" (pərīšayyā), which means "separated ones" or "those who separate themselves." This likely refers to their commitment to ritual purity and their distinction from other Jewish groups.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-GAH-gon

Translations: gathered, assembled, collected

Notes: This word is the aorist (past tense) form of the verb "συνάγω" (synagō), meaning "to gather together," "to assemble," or "to collect." It is a compound word formed from "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and "ἄγω" (agō), meaning "to lead" or "to bring." Therefore, it literally means "to bring together." It is used to describe the act of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word "συνάγω" (synagō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb "ἄγω" (agō), meaning "to lead" or "to bring." Its etymology reflects the action of bringing multiple entities into a unified state or location.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REIS

Translations: high priest, chief priest, a high priest, chief priests

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the head of the priestly order, particularly the chief religious official in ancient Israel. In the plural, 'chief priests' often refers to the leading members of the priestly class, including the current high priest, former high priests, and heads of the priestly families. It is used to denote those with significant religious authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-oy

Translations: Pharisees

Notes: The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish religious and political party or school of thought in ancient Judea during the Second Temple period. They emphasized strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often contrasting with the Sadducees. They were influential among the common people and are frequently mentioned in the New Testament.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Pharisee" comes from the Aramaic word "perishaya," meaning "separated ones." This likely refers to their separation from ritual impurity or from other Jewish groups.

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ED-ree-on

Translations: council, a council, Sanhedrin, a Sanhedrin, assembly, an assembly

Notes: This word refers to a council or an assembly, particularly a judicial body. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish court in Jerusalem. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (seat).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting together' or 'an assembly of those sitting together'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G3049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: loh-GHEE-zes-theh

Translations: you consider, you reckon, you think, you count, you calculate, you suppose, you impute

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider, reckon, or think. It implies a process of careful thought, calculation, or evaluation. It can be used in various contexts, such as considering a fact, reckoning an amount, or imputing something to someone. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of 'you consider' or 'you think'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G4851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-FEH-reh

Translations: it is profitable, it is expedient, it is advantageous, it is useful

Notes: This word means to be profitable, advantageous, or expedient. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it is profitable' or 'it is expedient' for someone or something. It can also mean to bring together or contribute.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΕΩ, ΛΥΣΙΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Thus, it literally means 'to bear together' or 'to bring together', which then developed the sense of 'to be profitable' or 'to be advantageous'.

G3650

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HO-lon

Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEE-tai

Translations: perish, be destroyed, be lost, be ruined

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to perish, be destroyed, or be lost. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that something or someone is brought to ruin or ceases to exist. It can refer to physical destruction, spiritual ruin, or simply being lost or missing. In a sentence, it would describe the state or action of something being utterly undone or ceasing to be.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle/Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), which means 'from' or 'away from'. The final vowel of ΑΠΟ is dropped (elided) when it precedes a word that begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the apostrophe-like symbol over the vowel). It indicates separation, origin, or cause, often translated as 'from' or 'away from'. It can also denote the agent 'by' or the source 'of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab, English off, and German ab.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poth-NAY-skane

Translations: to die, to be dead

Notes: This word is a verb in the infinitive form, meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'θνῄσκω' (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. It is used to express the action of dying or the state of being dead.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποθνήσκω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of 'dying' or indicates a separation from life.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1287

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-es-kor-PEES-meh-nah

Translations: scattered, dispersed, the scattered ones, those who are scattered

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been scattered' or 'being in a state of having been scattered'. It describes something or someone that has been dispersed or spread out. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and σκορπίζω (skorpizō, 'to scatter, disperse'). It is often used to describe people who have been separated or spread out from a central group or location.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΕΙΡΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness

Translations: of that, of her

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G2048

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-REH-moo

Translations: of the desert, of the wilderness, of a desolate place, desert, wilderness, desolate place

Notes: This word refers to a desolate, uninhabited, or solitary place, often a desert or wilderness. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'desolate' or 'empty'. In the provided context, 'ἘΡΗΜΟΥ' is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of the desert'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ἔρημος' (erēmos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erh₁- meaning 'to separate, to set apart'. It describes a place that is separated or set apart from human habitation.

G2181

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: EF-ra-im

Translations: Ephraim

Notes: Ephraim refers to a significant figure, tribe, and territory in ancient Israel. It was the name of the younger son of Joseph and the grandson of Jacob, whose descendants formed one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name 'Ephraim' also came to represent the northern kingdom of Israel, particularly after the division of the kingdom, due to the tribe's prominence and influence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Ephraim' is of Hebrew origin, from the verb 'parah' (פָּרָה), meaning 'to be fruitful' or 'to bear fruit'. It signifies 'fruitful' or 'doubly fruitful'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G3957

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PAS-kha

Translations: Passover

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Passover, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. It is a central event in the Old Testament and is observed annually. In the New Testament, it is often associated with the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The word "ΠΑΣΧΑ" is a transliteration of the Aramaic word "pasḥā" (פַּסְחָא), which itself comes from the Hebrew word "pesaḥ" (פֶּסַח). This Hebrew word is derived from the verb "pasach" (פָּסַח), meaning "to pass over" or "to spare," referring to the angel of death passing over the houses of the Israelites during the tenth plague in Egypt.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G240

Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun

Sounds like: al-LAY-lone

Translations: of one another, of each other

Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ess-TAY-koh-tess

Translations: having stood, standing, stood, those who have stood, those standing

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having stood' or 'standing'. It describes a state of having taken a stand or being in a standing position. It implies a completed action (standing up) with ongoing results (being in a standing state). It is often used to describe people who are present and standing in a particular place or before someone.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: HESTŌS, STAS

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EL-thay

Translations: come, go, arrive, proceed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is often used to describe movement towards or away from a place, or the arrival of a person or event. It can also refer to the act of proceeding or happening. In the provided examples, it is used in a subjunctive mood, indicating a potential or hypothetical action, often translated as 'should come' or 'might come'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kay-san

Translations: they had given

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'they had given'. It is the pluperfect active indicative, third person plural of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), which means 'to give'. The pluperfect tense indicates an action completed in the past prior to some other past action. It describes something that 'had been given' or 'had given'.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated form, characteristic of certain verbs in ancient Greek.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GNO

Translations: know, perceive, understand, learn, recognize

Notes: This is the root or stem of the verb 'to know' in Koine Greek. It signifies the act of gaining knowledge, understanding, or becoming acquainted with something or someone. It is used to form various tenses and moods of the verb, such as 'I know,' 'he knew,' or 'they will know.'

Inflection: Verb stem; does not inflect on its own but forms the basis for inflected forms.

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- ('to know'). It is related to English 'know' and Latin 'gnoscere'.

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Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: may-NOO-see

Translations: information, a report, a disclosure, a denunciation, an accusation

Notes: This word refers to the act of making something known, often in a formal or official capacity. It can mean giving information, making a report, disclosing a secret, or even denouncing or accusing someone. It is typically used when someone reveals facts or details, especially those that might be hidden or unknown to others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ, ΕΚΦΑΝΣΙΣ, ΔΗΛΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word μηνύση (menysē) is derived from the verb μηνύω (menyo), meaning 'to disclose, reveal, make known'.

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