2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3957

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PAS-kha

Translations: Passover

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Passover, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. It is a central event in the Old Testament and is observed annually. In the New Testament, it is often associated with the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The word "ΠΑΣΧΑ" is a transliteration of the Aramaic word "pasḥā" (פַּסְחָא), which itself comes from the Hebrew word "pesaḥ" (פֶּסַח). This Hebrew word is derived from the verb "pasach" (פָּסַח), meaning "to pass over" or "to spare," referring to the angel of death passing over the houses of the Israelites during the tenth plague in Egypt.

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-DOHS

Translations: knowing, one who knows, he who knows

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'to know'. It describes someone who is in a state of knowing or has knowledge. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows').

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ἘΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb οἶδα (oida) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to know'. It is a perfect tense form that functions as a present tense in meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see, to know'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-ta-BEE

Translations: go over, pass over, cross over, move, depart, change place

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (with, after, among) and 'βαίνω' (to go, walk). It means to go from one place to another, to pass over, or to change one's position or state. It can be used in contexts of physical movement, or metaphorically for a change in condition or allegiance.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular OR Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular OR Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G0025

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-gah-PAY-sas

Translations: having loved, who loved, when he loved, because he loved

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'agapaō', meaning 'to love'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can convey various nuances depending on context, such as cause ('because he loved'), time ('when he loved'), or simply describing the subject ('the one who loved').

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ἘΡΑΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-oos

Translations: own, one's own, their own, his own, private, peculiar

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It is often used substantively, meaning 'one's own people' or 'one's own possessions/things'. It emphasizes a personal connection or belonging.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ, ἘΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self'. It developed to signify something belonging to oneself or peculiar to an individual.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-NO-meh-noo

Translations: of becoming, of happening, of being, of coming into being, of being made, of being born, of being done

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be,' or 'to come into being.' As a participle, it describes an ongoing action or state. In this form, it is in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying a 'while' or 'when' clause depending on context.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Genitive Case, Singular, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΣΤΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and creation.

G1228

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-BOH-loo

Translations: (of) devil, (of) slanderer, (of) accuser, (of) an accuser

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ (diabolos). It refers to an accuser, a slanderer, or the Devil. In the New Testament, it is most commonly used to refer to Satan, the chief adversary of God and humanity. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast', thus literally meaning 'one who throws across' or 'one who casts accusations'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΑΤΑΝΑΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΤΗΣ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G0906

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: beh-BLEE-koh-toss

Translations: of one who has cast, of one who has thrown, of one who has laid, of one who has put, of one who has placed, of one who has poured, of one who has struck, of one who has shot, of one who has put in, of one who has put on

Notes: This is the perfect active participle, genitive singular, of the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to cast, throw, put, or lay'. It describes someone who has completed the action of casting or throwing. In a sentence, it would function like an adjective or noun, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of the one who has thrown' or 'belonging to the one who has cast'. The meaning can vary depending on the context, but it generally refers to the action of propelling or placing something.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΙΨΑΝΤΟΣ, ΕΚΒΑΛΟΝΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOY

Translations: he might hand over, he might deliver, he might betray, he might commit, he might entrust, he might give up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to betray,' or 'to commit.' It is often used in contexts of giving something or someone into the power or care of another. It can also refer to the act of passing on traditions or teachings. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of delivering someone or something, or betraying.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G2448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS

Translations: Judas, Judah

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.

G2469

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: is-ka-ree-OH-tays

Translations: Iscariot

Notes: This word is a surname or epithet, most famously associated with Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus. It is used to distinguish him from other individuals named Judas. The exact meaning of 'Iscariot' is debated, but it is often thought to mean 'man of Kerioth' or 'dagger-man'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The origin of 'Iscariot' is uncertain, but it is widely believed to derive from the Hebrew 'Ish Kerioth', meaning 'man of Kerioth', referring to a town in Judea. Another theory suggests it comes from 'sicarius', meaning 'dagger-man' or 'assassin'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHL-then

Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, he came out, she came out, it came out, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has exited or left a specific area.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-reh-tai

Translations: is raised, rises, is awakened, is stirred up, is aroused, is built

Notes: This word means to be raised, to rise, to be awakened, or to be stirred up. It can refer to a physical rising, such as from sleep or from the dead, or to a metaphorical stirring, like an emotion or a sound being raised or produced. It is often used to describe something coming into existence or being brought forth.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ, ΥΨΟΥΤΑΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΕΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G3012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LEN-tee-on

Translations: linen cloth, a linen cloth, towel, a towel, apron, an apron

Notes: This word refers to a linen cloth, often used as a towel or an apron. It typically describes a piece of cloth used for wiping or for covering the body, especially in a servant-like capacity, such as when someone girds themselves with it for service.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΙΝΔΩΝ, ΣΟΥΔΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a diminutive of the Latin word 'linteum', meaning 'linen cloth', which itself comes from 'linum' (flax). It entered Koine Greek as a loanword.

G1241

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-ZOH-sen

Translations: he girded, he girded himself, he put a belt around, he put a belt around himself

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gird' or 'to put a belt around oneself'. It describes the action of fastening a garment or a belt around the waist. It is often used reflexively, indicating that someone girded themselves.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word διαζώννυμι is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'around', and the verb ζώννυμι (zōnnumi), meaning 'to gird' or 'to belt'.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

G3538

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: NIP-tin

Translations: to wash, to cleanse

Notes: ΝΙΠΤΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΝΙΠΤΩ, meaning 'to wash' or 'to cleanse'. It is commonly used to describe the act of washing a part of the body, such as hands or feet, often in a ritualistic or symbolic context. It can be used in sentences like 'He began to wash their feet'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΟΥΩ, ΠΛΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΝΙΠΤΩ comes from an ancient root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to wash'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G1601

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-MAS-sein

Translations: to wipe dry, to wipe off, to wipe away

Notes: This verb means to wipe thoroughly or completely, often implying the removal of moisture or dirt. It is used to describe the action of drying something by wiping it, or cleaning something by wiping away impurities. It is typically followed by an accusative object indicating what is being wiped.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΜΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and μάσσω (massō), meaning 'to knead' or 'to wipe'. The compound verb emphasizes the thoroughness of the wiping action.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1241

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-eh-ZOHS-meh-nos

Translations: girded, having girded, having girded oneself, having put on a belt

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'girded' or 'having girded oneself'. It describes someone who has put on a belt or a garment, often in preparation for work, service, or action. It implies a state of readiness or being equipped.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word διαζώννυμι (diazonnumi) is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ζώννυμι (zonnumi), meaning 'to gird'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-OH

Translations: do, make, produce, create, perform, cause, appoint, keep, observe

Notes: This verb means to do, make, or produce something. It can refer to physical creation, performing an action, or causing an event to happen. It is often used in contexts of carrying out commands, observing laws, or bringing about a state of being. Its meaning can vary depending on the context and the object it takes.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- 'to build, make'. It is related to words meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-das

Translations: you know, you understand

Notes: This word means 'you know' or 'you understand'. It is a perfect tense verb form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having knowledge. It is used when addressing a single person directly.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΔΑ (oida) is an ancient Greek perfect tense verb with a present meaning, meaning 'to know'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'.

G1108

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GNO-see

Translations: knowledge, a knowledge, understanding, recognition

Notes: This word refers to knowledge or understanding, often implying a personal or experiential acquaintance with something rather than mere intellectual information. It can be used to describe the act of knowing or the state of being known. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-, which also means 'to know'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3068

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: leh-LOO-meh-nos

Translations: having been washed, the one who has been washed, a washed one, bathed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΟΥΩ' (louō), meaning 'to wash' or 'to bathe'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of washing or bathing. It refers to the state of having been thoroughly cleansed.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΑΘΑΡΜΕΝΟΣ, ΝΕΝΙΜΜΕΝΟΣ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2513

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-ROS

Translations: clean, pure, clear, innocent, undefiled, guiltless

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is clean, pure, or free from defilement, whether physical, moral, or ritual. It can refer to a person who is innocent or guiltless, or to an object that is unmixed or unadulterated. It is used to describe a state of being free from impurity.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, meaning to purify. It refers to a state of being free from defilement.

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH-ee

Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-DEE-don-tah

Translations: delivering, handing over, giving over, betraying, entrusting, committing, yielding, surrendering

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It describes someone who is in the process of delivering, handing over, or giving something or someone to another. It can also mean to betray, entrust, or surrender. The specific nuance depends on the context, often implying a transfer of authority, possession, or even a person into custody or judgment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G3538

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NIP-sen

Translations: he washed, she washed, it washed

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'niptō', meaning 'to wash'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' performed the act of washing. It is typically used for washing parts of the body, such as hands or feet, rather than a full bath.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΥΝΩ, ΛΟΥΩ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'to sprinkle' or 'to pour'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-kah

Translations: I have made, I have done, I have produced, I have performed

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. Therefore, 'πεποίηκα' means 'I have made' or 'I have done', emphasizing the present state resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G5455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-NEH-ee-teh

Translations: you call, you are calling, you do call, call, cry out, speak, utter a sound

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to call,' 'to cry out,' 'to speak,' or 'to utter a sound.' It can be used to describe the act of speaking loudly, summoning someone, or simply making a sound. It is often used in the context of a command or an address to multiple people.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, 2nd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΩΝΕΩ comes from the Greek noun φωνή (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice.'

G1320

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: di-DAS-ka-los

Translations: teacher, a teacher, master, instructor

Notes: This word refers to a teacher, instructor, or master. It is used to denote someone who imparts knowledge or provides instruction, often in a formal or authoritative capacity. It can be used in various contexts, from a general educator to a religious or philosophical leader.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ, ΡΑΒΒΙ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach', combined with the suffix -καλος (-kalos), which forms nouns indicating a person who performs the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who teaches'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3538

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NIP-sah

Translations: I washed, he washed, she washed, it washed

Notes: ἘΝΙΨΑ is the third person singular or first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΝΙΠΤΩ, meaning 'to wash'. It describes an action of washing that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe washing hands, feet, or other parts of the body.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΟΥΩ, ΠΛΥΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΝΙΠΤΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to wash' or 'to sprinkle'.

G240

Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun

Sounds like: al-LAY-lone

Translations: of one another, of each other

Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders

Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.

G5262

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-DEYG-ma

Translations: example, a pattern, a copy, a type, a model, a warning

Notes: This word refers to an example, a pattern, or a model that serves as a guide or a warning. It can be used to describe something that is set forth for imitation or as an illustration of a principle. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'by') and 'δεῖγμα' (deigma, meaning 'a display' or 'a sample').

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑ, ΜΙΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo, 'under, by') and 'δεῖγμα' (deigma, 'a display, a sample'), which comes from 'δείκνυμι' (deiknymi, 'to show, to point out'). Thus, it literally means 'something shown under' or 'a sample set forth'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kah

Translations: I have given, I gave

Notes: ΔΕΔΩΚΑ is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It indicates that the act of giving has been completed, and its effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of 'giving'. It is a reduplicated form, characteristic of the perfect tense in Greek.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-sah

Translations: I made, I did, I created, I produced

Notes: This is a common verb meaning 'to make', 'to do', 'to create', or 'to produce'. It describes the act of bringing something into existence or performing an action. The form 'ἘΠΟΙΗΣΑ' specifically indicates a completed action in the past, performed by the speaker ('I'). It is often used in contexts of creation, performance of deeds, or the execution of commands.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-teh

Translations: you do, you make, you perform, you create, you produce

Notes: This is a very common verb in Koine Greek, meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It can also mean 'to perform', 'to create', or 'to produce'. Its meaning is broad and depends heavily on the context in which it is used. It is often used to describe actions or the bringing about of something.

Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Present Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΣΣΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΙΕΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- meaning 'to build, to make'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the sense of creation or action.

G0281

Part of Speech: Adverb, Interjection

Sounds like: ah-MEN

Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it

Notes: This word is used to express affirmation, agreement, or a solemn declaration. It can be translated as 'truly' or 'verily' when used to emphasize a statement, or as 'Amen' at the end of prayers, hymns, or declarations to signify 'so be it' or 'let it be so'. It conveys a sense of certainty and truth.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn' (אָמֵן), meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-los

Translations: servant, a servant, slave, a slave, bondservant, a bondservant

Notes: The word "δούλος" (doulos) refers to a servant, slave, or bondservant. In ancient Greek society, a δούλος was typically someone who was the property of another, lacking personal rights and serving their master. However, in a religious context, it can also denote a devoted servant of God, emphasizing willing submission and loyalty rather than forced servitude.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word "δούλος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to the concept of being bound or enslaved.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEI-zohn

Translations: greater, larger, mightier, more important

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'greater' or 'larger'. It is used to indicate a higher degree of size, importance, or quantity when comparing two or more things. It can also imply superiority or preeminence.

Inflection: Comparative, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas), meaning 'great'. It is the irregular comparative form of this adjective.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-STOH-los

Translations: apostle, a messenger, an envoy, a delegate

Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out with a specific mission or message, acting as a representative or delegate. In a Christian context, it often refers to one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, or other early Christian leaders who were commissioned to spread the gospel. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΣ, ΚΗΡΥΞ

Etymology: The word ἀπόστολος (apostolos) is derived from the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to dispatch'. It originally referred to a naval expedition or a fleet, and later to a person sent on a mission, an envoy, or a messenger.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psan-tos

Translations: (of) sending, (of) having sent, (of) dispatching, (of) having dispatched

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the subject of a genitive absolute construction, meaning 'of the one who sent' or 'when he had sent'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: know, understand, perceive, be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense verb that functions with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that has resulted from a past act of perceiving or learning. It is often used to express a deep, intuitive, or experiential knowledge, as opposed to merely intellectual knowledge. It can be used with an accusative object, or with a clause introduced by 'ὅτι' (that) or an interrogative pronoun.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense verb with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing that comes from having seen or perceived.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G1124

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GRA-fay

Translations: writing, a writing, scripture, a scripture, document, a document

Notes: This word refers to something written, such as a document, a letter, or a record. In a religious context, especially within the New Testament, it frequently refers to the sacred writings or the Holy Scriptures. It can be used to denote the act of writing or the result of that act.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write', which comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to scratch, carve'.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-roh-THEE

Translations: be fulfilled, be completed, be filled, be made full

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be filled, to be completed, or to be fulfilled. It is often used in the context of prophecies being fulfilled, time being completed, or a vessel being filled. It describes a state of being brought to fullness or completion.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΗΘΩ

Etymology: The word Πληρόω (plēroō) comes from πλῆρες (plēres), meaning 'full'. It is related to the concept of fullness or completion.

G1869

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AIR-ken

Translations: has lifted up, has raised, has taken up, has borne

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb ἐπαίρω (epairō). It means 'he/she/it has lifted up' or 'he/she/it has raised'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or relevance in the present.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπαίρω (epairō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift' or 'to raise'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G0576

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-PAR-tee

Translations: from now, from this time, henceforth, from then on, from that time

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'from now' or 'from this time forward'. It indicates a starting point in time, signifying that something begins at the present moment or at a specified past moment and continues onward. It is often used to emphasize the continuation of an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ ΤΟΥ ΝΥΝ, ΑΠΟ ΤΟΤΕ

Etymology: The word ἀπάρτι (aparti) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adverb ἄρτι (arti), meaning 'just now' or 'presently'. Together, they convey the sense of 'from now' or 'from this moment'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lam-BAH-non

Translations: taking, receiving, seizing, grasping, obtaining, one who takes, one who receives

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'taking' or 'receiving'. It describes an ongoing action of taking, seizing, or obtaining something. It can be used to describe someone who is in the act of taking or receiving, or as a descriptive adjective for a person or thing that takes or receives.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From an assumed root LAB-, meaning 'to take, seize'.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psan-tah

Translations: having sent, the one who sent, a sender

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities. It describes someone or something that has performed the action of sending. It can be translated as 'having sent' or, when used substantively, 'the one who sent' or 'a sender'. Its meaning is active and refers to a past action with ongoing relevance.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ta-RAKH-thay

Translations: he was troubled, she was troubled, it was troubled, he was disturbed, she was disturbed, it was disturbed, he was agitated, she was agitated, it was agitated

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō). It means 'to be troubled,' 'to be disturbed,' or 'to be agitated.' It describes a state of inner turmoil, fear, or confusion experienced by a person or thing. It is used to indicate that someone or something was caused to be in a state of disquiet or alarm.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee

Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition

Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOH-say

Translations: he will hand over, he will deliver, he will betray, he will entrust, he will give up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to betray,' 'to entrust,' or 'to give up.' It describes the act of transferring something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a message, handing over a prisoner, betraying someone, or entrusting a task.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EB-lep-on

Translations: they were seeing, they were looking, they were observing, they were perceiving

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It describes an ongoing action of seeing or observing in the past. It can be used to indicate physical sight, but also to mean perceiving, understanding, or paying attention to something. For example, 'they were looking at the lights' or 'they were observing the situation'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0639

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-roo-MEH-noy

Translations: perplexed, at a loss, in doubt, without resources, in despair

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'aporeo'. It describes someone who is in a state of perplexity, uncertainty, or being at a loss, often due to a lack of resources or a way forward. It can be used to describe individuals who are without means or are in despair.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ἈΜΗΧΑΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb 'aporeo', which is a compound of 'a-' (privative alpha, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'poros' (meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'resource'). Thus, it literally means 'without a way' or 'without resources'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-pah

Translations: loved, was loving

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'agapaō', meaning 'to love'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. Therefore, it signifies 'he/she/it was loving' or 'he/she/it used to love', emphasizing the duration or habitual nature of the love.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΕΡΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'agapaō' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a key term in the New Testament, often used to describe a selfless, unconditional love.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-peh-SOHN

Translations: falling upon, having fallen upon, falling on, having fallen on

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epipiptō', meaning 'to fall upon' or 'to fall on'. It describes an action of falling or throwing oneself onto something or someone, often with emotion such as grief, joy, or supplication. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, on) and the verb 'piptō' (to fall).

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STAY-thos

Translations: chest, breast, a chest, a breast

Notes: This word refers to the chest or breast, the upper part of the torso. It is typically used to describe the front part of the body between the neck and the abdomen, often in a literal sense, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to the heart or inner being.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΩΡΑΞ, ΚΟΛΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΗΘΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *stā-, meaning 'to stand', possibly referring to the upright posture of the chest.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G0907

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: BAP-sas

Translations: having dipped, dipping, having immersed, immersing, having washed, washing

Notes: ΒΑΨΑΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΒΑΠΤΩ (baptō), meaning 'to dip,' 'to immerse,' or 'to wash.' As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the manner or time of an action, or adjectivally, describing a noun. For example, it could mean 'the one who dipped' or 'by dipping.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΒΑΠΤΩ, ΠΛΥΝΩ, ΝΙΠΤΩ

G2421

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: is-ka-ree-OH-too

Translations: of Iscariot

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, who is known for betraying him. It is used to identify him, often in the genitive case to indicate 'of Iscariot' or 'belonging to Iscariot'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Iscariot' is believed to be derived from the Hebrew 'Ish Kerioth', meaning 'man of Kerioth', referring to a town in Judea. Alternatively, it could be from the Aramaic 'sicarion', meaning 'dagger-man' or 'assassin', though this is less commonly accepted.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G4567

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-tah-NAS

Translations: Satan, the Adversary

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Satan, the devil, or the adversary. It is used to denote the chief evil spirit, often depicted as the antagonist of God and humanity. It functions as a name for this specific entity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ, ΟΦΙΣ, ΒΕΕΛΖΕΒΟΥΛ

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic word 'sāṭānā' (שטנא), which itself comes from the Hebrew 'śāṭān' (שָׂטָן), meaning 'adversary' or 'accuser'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint and became a proper name for the devil.

G5035

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: TA-khee-on

Translations: sooner, more quickly, more swiftly, quicker, swifter

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'ταχύς' (swift, quick) or the adverb 'ταχέως' (quickly). It means 'sooner' or 'more quickly' and is used to indicate a greater degree of speed or promptness. It can function as an adverb modifying a verb, or as an adjective modifying a noun, meaning 'quicker' or 'swifter'.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Comparative (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΘΑΣΣΟΝ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DACE

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no

Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G0345

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-KEE-meh-nohn

Translations: of those reclining, of those lying at table, of those feasting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anakeimai', meaning 'to recline' or 'to lie at table'. It refers to the ancient custom of reclining on couches while eating, rather than sitting on chairs. Therefore, it often describes people who are present at a meal or feast, specifically in the act of reclining.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ANAPIPTO, KATAKEIMAI

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up, back”) + κεῖμαι (keîmai, “to lie, to be placed”). The combination signifies lying back or reclining.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G1101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: glohs-so-KO-mon

Translations: money box, a money box, purse, a purse, casket, treasury

Notes: This is a compound word referring to a box or receptacle for keeping money or valuables. It was commonly used for a money box, a purse, or even a treasury. It could also refer to a casket or a small chest. It is used in sentences to denote the container where funds or precious items are stored.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΚΙΒΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: γλῶσσα (glōssa), meaning 'tongue' or 'mouth', and κομέω (komeō), meaning 'to take care of' or 'to carry'. The original meaning likely referred to a case for the mouthpiece of a wind instrument, but it evolved to mean a money box or purse.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYX

Translations: night, a night

Notes: This word refers to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. It is commonly used to denote the time when the sun is not visible, often associated with sleep, darkness, or the absence of light. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a period of obscurity or trouble.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΕΣΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: This word comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'night'. It is cognate with words for 'night' in many other Indo-European languages, such as Latin 'nox' and English 'night'.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: zay-TAY-seh-teh

Translations: you will seek, you will search, you will look for, you will demand, you will inquire

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to seek, search, or look for something or someone. It implies an active effort to find or obtain. It can also mean to demand or inquire about something. It is used when a group of people will perform the action of seeking.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΖΗΤΕΩ (zēteō) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to seek' or 'to find'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G5217

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAH-goh

Translations: go away, depart, go, withdraw

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo, "under" or "away") and the verb ἄγω (ago, "to lead" or "to go"). It means to go away, depart, or withdraw, often with the implication of going to a specific place or for a specific purpose. It is frequently used in the New Testament to describe Jesus telling someone to go or departing himself.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, "under, away") and ἄγω (ágō, "to lead, to go"). The combination signifies movement away or departure.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-stheh

Translations: you are able, you can, you may, you all are able, you all can, you all may

Notes: This word means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used in conjunction with an infinitive verb, indicating the ability or capacity to perform an action. For example, 'you are able to do something'. It can also imply permission or possibility.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the root δύνα- (dyna-), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to words like δύναμις (dynamis, 'power') and δυνατός (dynatos, 'powerful').

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DIH-doh-mee

Translations: give, grant, put, deliver, allow, entrust, offer, provide

Notes: This verb means 'to give' or 'to grant'. It can be used in various contexts, such as giving a gift, granting permission, delivering something, or entrusting a task to someone. It often implies a transfer of possession, authority, or responsibility.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, common in ancient Greek verbs.

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-gah-PEH-sah

Translations: I loved, I have loved

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to love' or 'to have affection for'. It is used to express a deep, often unconditional, form of love. In this specific form, it indicates an action of loving that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΈΩ, ἘΡΆΩ

Etymology: From an unknown origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a common word in Koine Greek, frequently used in the New Testament to describe divine and brotherly love.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-sai

Translations: you are able, you can, you have power

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be capable'. It is used to express capacity or possibility, often in questions or statements about what someone is capable of doing. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'Are you able to do this?' or 'You can achieve that'.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the Greek word δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOO-na-mahee

Translations: I am able, I can, I have power, I am strong enough

Notes: This verb means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used to express capability or possibility, indicating that someone has the capacity or permission to do something. It can be followed by an infinitive to show what one is able to do.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: From δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0727