Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / 1 Corinthians / Chapter 81 Corinthians, Chapter 8
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1494
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ee-doh-loh-THOO-tohn
Translations: of things sacrificed to idols, of idol sacrifices, of idol offerings, of idol meat, of idol food
Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'εἴδωλον' (idol) and 'θύω' (to sacrifice). It refers to food or meat that has been offered as a sacrifice to pagan idols. In the New Testament, it often appears in discussions about whether Christians should eat such food, given its association with idolatry.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OY-dah-men
Translations: we know, we have known, we are aware
Notes: This word means 'we know' or 'we have known'. It is a form of the verb 'to know' or 'to have seen/perceived'. It is used to express a state of knowledge or understanding that has been acquired and continues to exist. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'we know that this is true'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΜΕΝ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΜΕΝ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G1108
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GNO-sin
Translations: knowledge, a knowledge, understanding, a knowing
Notes: This word refers to knowledge or understanding, often implying a personal or experiential knowing rather than mere intellectual acquaintance. It can be used in various contexts to describe insight, recognition, or comprehension of facts, truths, or spiritual realities. It is often used in a general sense, but can also refer to specific knowledge.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh-men
Translations: we have, we hold, we possess
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In this specific form, it indicates that 'we' are the ones who have or hold something. It can be used in various contexts to express possession, capability, or a state of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The Greek verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have, to overcome'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1108
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GNO-sis
Translations: knowledge, a knowledge
Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or insight. It is often used in a general sense to denote intellectual apprehension or awareness, but in a religious context, it can refer to spiritual knowledge or discernment. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-, meaning 'to know'.
G5448
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foo-see-OH-ee
Translations: puffs up, makes proud, inflates
Notes: This word describes the action of causing someone or something to become arrogant, conceited, or inflated with pride. It implies a swelling or puffing up, often in a negative sense, suggesting that knowledge or status can lead to an unhealthy sense of self-importance if not balanced by love or humility. It is typically used in the third person singular, as in 'knowledge puffs up'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΕΩ, ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ
G0026
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-GAH-pay
Translations: love, charity, affection, a love
Notes: This word refers to a specific kind of love, often described as unconditional, benevolent, and self-sacrificing. It is distinct from other Greek words for love like 'eros' (romantic love) or 'philia' (brotherly love). In Koine Greek, especially in the New Testament, it denotes a divine or spiritual love, often commanded or exemplified by God. It can be used in sentences to describe the love between God and humanity, between believers, or even love for one's enemies.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: The origin of 'agape' is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or derived from a root meaning 'to be fond of'. In classical Greek, it was not a prominent term for love, but it gained significant theological importance in Koine Greek, particularly in the Septuagint and the New Testament, where it was chosen to describe God's unique and unconditional love.
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEI
Translations: build, construct, edify, restore, rebuild
Notes: This word means to build a house or structure, to construct something. Metaphorically, it can mean to build up or strengthen someone spiritually, to edify them. It is used in sentences to describe the act of physical construction or spiritual development.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KEI
Translations: it seems, it appears, it is thought, it is decided, it is good, it pleases
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seem', 'to appear', 'to think', 'to suppose', or 'to be thought good'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seems' or 'it appears'. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΕΟΙΚΕΝ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-NOH-keh-nai
Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to recognize
Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It signifies a state of having come to know or having acquired knowledge, often with the implication of a settled or complete understanding. It can be used in various contexts to express knowledge, recognition, or comprehension.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'know' and 'cognition'.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3768
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-poh
Translations: not yet, not yet now, not even yet
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'not yet'. It is used to indicate that something has not happened or is not true at the present time, but implies that it might happen or become true in the future. It can be used to modify verbs or entire clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΠΩ, ΟΥΔΕΠΩΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the adverb ΠΩ (pō, 'yet, up to this time').
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EG-noh
Translations: knew, perceived, understood, recognized
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to know', 'to perceive', 'to understand', or 'to recognize'. It often implies a knowledge gained through experience or observation, rather than mere intellectual assent. As a past tense form, it describes an action that was completed in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G1163
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Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb
Sounds like: DEH-ee
Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves
Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.
Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-NAI
Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn, to recognize
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It expresses the action of knowing or coming to know in a general sense, without specifying the time of the action. It is often used as the object of another verb or as a complement to an adjective, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to be able to know' or 'for the purpose of knowing'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G0025
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-gah-PAH
Translations: loves, he loves, she loves, it loves, love! (you singular)
Notes: This word means 'to love' and refers to a deep, often unconditional, affection or benevolent regard. In Koine Greek, it frequently denotes a divine or selfless love, distinct from other forms of love. It can be used to describe God's love for humanity, or the love commanded among believers. Depending on context, it can function as an indicative statement (someone loves) or a command (love!).
Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΕΡΑΩ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is believed to be pre-Greek or of unknown derivation. It is not clearly related to other Indo-European roots.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-ohn
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΘΕΟΝ (Theon), which is the accusative singular form of the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos), meaning 'God'. It is used to refer to God as the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipient of an action. For example, 'they saw God' or 'they worshipped God'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-NOH-stai
Translations: it has been known, it is known, it has become known, it is understood
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It is in the perfect tense, passive voice, and third person singular, indicating an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is often translated as 'it has been known' or 'it is known', emphasizing the state of knowing that has resulted from a past action.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'. It is related to words in many other Indo-European languages that also refer to knowledge or understanding.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: HOOP
Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of
Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: of him, of it, his, its, of himself, of itself, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun, a possessive pronoun, or an intensive/reflexive pronoun. In the genitive case, as seen here, it typically means 'of him' or 'of it' when referring to a third person, or 'his' or 'its' to indicate possession. It can also be used for emphasis, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', especially when preceding the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1035
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BROH-seh-ohs
Translations: of food, of eating, of meat, of an act of eating
Notes: This word refers to the act of eating, or to the food itself, especially solid food. It can also denote the process of consumption or decay. In a sentence, it would typically describe something related to sustenance or the act of consuming it.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΟΦΗΣ, ΕΔΕΣΜΑΤΟΣ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.
G1494
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: ee-doh-loh-THOO-tohn
Translations: of things sacrificed to idols, of idol sacrifices, of idol meat, of idol food
Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'εἴδωλον' (idol) and 'θύω' (to sacrifice). It refers to food or things that have been offered as sacrifices to pagan idols. In the New Testament, it often refers to meat that has been part of such a sacrifice and is a topic of discussion regarding whether Christians should eat it.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Etymology: The word is a compound of 'εἴδωλον' (eidōlon), meaning 'idol' or 'image', and 'θύω' (thyō), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer'. It literally means 'idol-sacrificed'.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEN
Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no
Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.
G1497
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EYE-doh-loh
Translations: idol, an idol, image, an image, phantom, a phantom, likeness, a likeness
Notes: This word refers to an image or representation, often of a deity, used as an object of worship. It can also denote a mental image, a phantom, or an apparition, suggesting something insubstantial or unreal. In a broader sense, it signifies a likeness or resemblance.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΙΚΩΝ, ΟΜΟΙΩΜΑ, ΦΑΝΤΑΣΜΑ
Etymology: From the Greek verb εἴδω (eido), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It originally referred to that which is seen, an image or appearance.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-smoh
Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: oo-DEES
Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (ou, meaning 'not') and 'εἷς' (heis, meaning 'one'). It functions as an adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nobody', 'nothing', or 'not even one'. It is used to express absolute negation or absence. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'There is no one here' or 'He said nothing'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ
Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and ΕΙΣ (heis, 'one'). It literally means 'not one'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oss
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation, for the Greek word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos). It refers to God, the supreme being, or a god in a general sense. It is commonly used in the New Testament to refer to the God of Israel.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the supreme divinity, or a deity in general.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ross
Translations: other, another, different, a different
Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another', specifically implying a qualitative difference or a different kind, as opposed to 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to distinguish one thing from another that is distinct in nature or type. For example, 'a different man' or 'another kind of thing'.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case.
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'different'. It is related to Latin 'alter' and English 'other'.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1489
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EYE-per
Translations: if indeed, since indeed, seeing that, if so be that
Notes: This word is a compound conjunction formed from 'εἰ' (if) and 'περ' (indeed, very). It is used to introduce a condition or a reason, often emphasizing the certainty or reality of the condition. It can be translated as 'if indeed', 'since indeed', or 'seeing that', indicating that the condition is assumed to be true or is presented as a factual premise.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: ΕΙΠΕΡ is a compound word derived from the conjunction ΕΙ (if) and the particle ΠΕΡ (indeed, very).
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-seen
Translations: they are, are
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. It means 'they are' or simply 'are', indicating existence or a state of being for a plural subject. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, such as 'they are good' or to state the existence of something, as in 'there are many people'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOH-meh-noy
Translations: said, called, named, spoken, those who are said, those who are called, those who are named
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes someone or something that is being said, called, or named. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often translated as 'those who are called' or 'the ones being said'.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΛΕΓΩ (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to gather, collect, pick out, speak'. It is related to the English word 'lecture' and 'logic'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OY
Translations: gods
Notes: This word refers to multiple deities or divine beings. It is the plural form of 'god' and is used to speak about a group of gods, often in a polytheistic context, or sometimes in a general sense referring to divine powers.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΑΙΜΟΝΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΙ
G1535
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: EYE-teh
Translations: whether, or, either...or
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, typically used to introduce alternative possibilities. It is often used in pairs, such as 'whether... or' (eite... eite), to present two or more options or conditions. It can also be used individually to mean 'or' or 'even if'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: Η, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek particle εἰ (ei), meaning 'if', with the addition of the particle -τε (-te), which emphasizes or generalizes. It developed to express alternatives or conditions.
G3772
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oo-ra-NOH
Translations: (to) heaven, (in) heaven, heaven, (to) sky, (in) sky, sky, a heaven, a sky
Notes: This word refers to the heaven or sky. In its dative form, as seen here, it often indicates location ('in heaven') or direction/recipient ('to heaven'). It can refer to the physical sky above the earth, or to the spiritual realm where God dwells.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYS
Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region
Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').
G5618
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: OH-sper
Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as
Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oy
Translations: lords, masters, sirs
Notes: This word refers to individuals who hold authority, power, or ownership over others or things. It can be used to address someone respectfully, similar to 'sir' or 'master', or to denote a group of people who are in charge or are owners.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΑΙ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: From κύρος (kyros, 'supreme power, authority').
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEER
Translations: father, a father, parent, ancestor
Notes: This word refers to a father, a male parent, or an ancestor. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to God as the Father of humanity or of believers. It is typically used in a nominative case when it is the subject of a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'father'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.
G1537, G1803
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: eks
Translations: out of, from, by, of, six
Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ
Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-ta
Translations: all, every, everything, all things
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. In its plural neuter form, as seen here, it often translates to 'all things' or 'everything'. It is used to indicate totality or universality, referring to a complete set or collection of items or concepts.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G2255
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: HEM-is
Translations: half, a half
Notes: This word refers to one of two equal parts into which something is divided. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'half', or as a noun, meaning 'a half'. It is often used in contexts describing the division of property, time, or other quantities.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'semi-' and English 'semi-'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OW-toh
Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it
Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-os
Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iesous), meaning 'Jesus'. It refers to Jesus of Nazareth, the central figure of Christianity. It is used as the subject of a sentence or when directly naming Jesus.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Jesus' is the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Yeshua' (Joshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It was a common name in the first century.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOS
Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4914
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-ay-THEE-ah
Translations: custom, habit, usage, a custom, a habit
Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or established usage. It describes something that is done regularly or is a common practice, often implying a long-standing tradition or a personal routine. It can be used to describe both societal norms and individual patterns of behavior.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΘΟΣ, ΕΘΙΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the root of ΕΘΟΣ (ETHOS, meaning 'custom' or 'habit'). It literally means 'being accustomed with' or 'familiarity'.
G4894
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EE-day-see
Translations: to know, to be conscious, to be aware, to perceive, to understand
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συνίστημι' (sunistemi) or 'συνίημι' (syniemi) or 'συνείδω' (syneido). Given the ending -σι, it is most likely a third person plural present active indicative form of 'συνείδω' (syneido), meaning 'they know' or 'they are conscious'. It can also be a dative plural of the noun 'συνείδησις' (syneidesis), meaning 'to consciences' or 'for consciences'. However, without diacritics, it is more commonly interpreted as a verb form. The verb implies a shared or collective knowledge or awareness, often with a moral or ethical dimension, leading to the concept of 'conscience'.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Active Indicative (Verb) OR Dative Plural (Noun)
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΙΔΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G0737
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AR-tee
Translations: now, just now, presently, at this moment
Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'now' or 'just now'. It indicates something happening at the present moment or very recently. It is used to emphasize the immediacy or current state of an action or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to fit, join, be ready'. It is related to words signifying readiness or preparedness, evolving to denote the present moment as a point of readiness or completion.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G1497
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-DOH-loo
Translations: of an idol, of an image, of a phantom, of a false god
Notes: This word refers to an idol, an image, or a phantom. It can denote a physical representation of a deity, a mental concept, or an illusion. In the genitive case, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of an idol' or 'belonging to an idol'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΜΑ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G1494
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: eye-DOH-loh-THOO-ton
Translations: idol sacrifice, a thing sacrificed to idols, meat offered to idols, an idol sacrifice
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'eidolon' (idol) and 'thyo' (to sacrifice). It refers to something, typically meat, that has been offered as a sacrifice to an idol. It is often used in discussions about whether Christians should eat such meat, as it was a common practice in the ancient world.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-THEE-oo-sin
Translations: they eat, they are eating, they consume, they devour
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is often used in the context of physical consumption of food, but can also extend to consuming or devouring resources or property, as seen in the provided examples. It describes an action performed by a group of people or things.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΤΡΩΓΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΣΘΙΩ (esthiō) is of uncertain origin, possibly a prolonged form of an obsolete primary verb. It is related to the concept of eating and consumption.
G4893
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-ee-DEH-sees
Translations: consciences, a conscience
Notes: This word refers to the faculty of distinguishing between right and wrong, or the inner moral sense. It is often used in the context of one's moral awareness or the inner witness of one's actions and thoughts. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'εἴδησις' (knowledge), literally meaning 'joint knowledge' or 'shared knowledge with oneself'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, their own
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun in the genitive plural. It can be translated as 'of them' or 'their', indicating possession or origin. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'their own' or 'of themselves', referring back to the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΦΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ
G0772
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: as-theh-NES
Translations: weak, feeble, sick, ill, infirm, powerless, without strength, a weak person
Notes: This word describes someone or something that lacks strength, is feeble, or is in a state of illness or infirmity. It can refer to physical weakness, but also to moral or spiritual weakness, or a lack of power or influence. It is often used to describe those who are physically unwell or disabled.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine; or Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine. It can also be the root form for other inflections.
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative prefix 'A-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'ΣΘΕΝΟΣ' (STHENOS), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'without strength'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: OO-sah
Translations: being, existing, a being
Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, nominative participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a state of existence or being, often functioning like an adjective or a subordinate clause. For example, it can mean 'she who is being' or simply 'being' when referring to a feminine subject.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
G3435
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: moh-LYN-eh-tai
Translations: is defiled, is polluted, is stained, is contaminated
Notes: This word describes the state of being defiled, polluted, or stained, often in a moral or spiritual sense, but it can also refer to physical contamination. It is used to indicate that something or someone becomes impure or unclean. For example, one's conscience might be defiled, or a person might be defiled by certain actions.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΜΙΑΙΝΩ, ΚΟΙΝΟΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ
G1033
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BROH-mah
Translations: food, meat, a food, an eating
Notes: This word refers to anything that is eaten, serving as nourishment or sustenance. It can denote food in general, or more specifically, a particular kind of food or meat. It is used in sentences to refer to what people consume.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΡΟΦΗ, ΕΔΕΣΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb βιϐρώσκω (bibrosko), meaning 'to eat'.
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G3936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-rah-STAY-see
Translations: will present, will stand by, will provide, will show, will offer, will bring
Notes: This word is the future active indicative form of the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi). It means 'to present,' 'to stand by,' 'to provide,' 'to show,' or 'to offer.' It can be used in various contexts, such as presenting someone or something, standing alongside someone, or offering something for a purpose.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΕΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΞΕΙ, ΔΩΣΕΙ
G3936
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-ris-TEE-sin
Translations: to present, to stand by, to offer, to provide, to show, to prove
Notes: This word is the future active infinitive form of the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi). It means 'to present' or 'to stand by' someone or something, often implying assistance, support, or the act of bringing something forward. It can also mean 'to offer' or 'to provide' something, or 'to show' or 'to prove' a point.
Inflection: Future, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΕΙΝ, ΠΑΡΕΧΕΙΝ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΝΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-oh
Translations: to God, for God, God
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a contracted form of the Koine Greek word ΘΕΩ (THEO). It is the dative singular form of the noun ΘΕΟΣ (THEOS), meaning 'God'. As a dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. Thus, it is commonly translated as 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, not even
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to express negation. It often appears in a series, meaning 'neither... nor' when repeated. It can also mean 'not even' when used alone to emphasize a negative statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ and the enclitic particle ΤΕ, meaning 'and'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G2068, G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GOH-meh
Translations: we may eat, let us eat
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to eat'. It is used here in the subjunctive mood, indicating a possibility, a wish, or a command/exhortation (let us eat). It is often used in contexts where people are sharing food or discussing the act of consumption.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΕΣΘΙΩ
G4052
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-oh-men
Translations: we abound, we have abundance, we are left over, we are superfluous
Notes: This verb describes the state of having more than enough, to be in abundance, or to overflow. It can also mean to be left over or to be superfluous. It is often used to indicate a surplus or an excess of something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GOH-men
Translations: let us eat, we may eat, that we may eat
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is used to express a desire or a purpose for eating, often translated as 'let us eat' or 'that we may eat'. It is a form of the verb 'ἐσθίω' (esthiō), which means 'to eat'.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
G5302
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoos-teh-ROO-meh-thah
Translations: we lack, we are lacking, we are in need, we fall short, we are inferior
Notes: This word describes a state of lacking, being in need, or falling short of something. It can also imply being inferior or coming behind. It is often used to express a deficiency or an absence of something necessary or desired.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive/Middle, 1st Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΤΤΟΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΝΔΕΩ
G0991
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BLEH-peh-teh
Translations: you see, you look, you perceive, you behold, you beware, see!, look!, behold!, beware!
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It can be used in various contexts, from physical sight to mental perception or understanding. It can also function as an imperative, meaning 'see!' or 'look!', often used to draw attention or to warn, in which case it can be translated as 'beware!'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
G4459
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POHS
Translations: how, in what way, by what means, that, in order that
Notes: ΠΩΣ is an adverb used to inquire about the manner or means by which something occurs, translating to "how" or "in what way." It can introduce direct or indirect questions. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning "that" or "in order that," especially when expressing purpose or result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative and interrogative pronominal stems.
G1849
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-ah
Translations: authority, power, right, jurisdiction, control, a right, a power
Notes: This word refers to the right or privilege to act, the power to govern or control, or the authority to make decisions. It can denote delegated authority, inherent power, or freedom of choice. It is often used in contexts of legal or moral right, or the ability to exercise dominion over something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is permitted' or 'it is possible'. It combines the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb εἶναι (einai), meaning 'to be'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G4348
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-KOM-mah
Translations: stumbling block, an offense, an obstacle, a cause of stumbling, a cause of offense
Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or impediment that causes someone to stumble, either literally or figuratively. In a moral or spiritual sense, it signifies something that leads a person to sin, fall away from faith, or experience a moral failure. It can be a temptation, a hindrance, or an occasion for offense.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΣΚΑΝΔΑΛΟΝ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΟΝ, ΠΑΓΙΣ
Etymology: The word πρόσκομμα (proskomma) is derived from the verb προσκόπτω (proskoptō), meaning 'to strike against, to stumble'. It is formed from the prefix πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, against', and κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike, to cut'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai
Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done
Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G772
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: as-theh-NEH-sin
Translations: to the weak, for the weak, with the weak, by the weak
Notes: This word describes something or someone as weak, infirm, or without strength. It can refer to physical weakness, sickness, or a lack of power or influence. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative plural, meaning it refers to multiple weak individuals and functions as the indirect object of a verb or follows a preposition that takes the dative case.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ
Etymology: From Greek 'a' (alpha privative, meaning 'not') and 'sthenos' (strength). Thus, it literally means 'without strength'.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-day
Translations: may see, might see, should see, see
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. As a subjunctive mood, it expresses possibility, desire, or a hypothetical situation. It is often used in clauses dependent on verbs of wishing, commanding, or fearing, or in conditional sentences.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ
Etymology: The verb ΕἼΔΩ (eido) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to the Latin 'videre' (to see) and English 'wit' (knowledge).
G4571
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEH
Translations: you
Notes: ΣΕ is the accusative singular form of the second-person pronoun, meaning 'you' when it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It indicates the person to whom an action is done or directed.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the accusative form of the second-person singular pronoun.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-on-tah
Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, experiencing, a having, a holding
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing. It can also be used to describe a state of being or experiencing something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often indicating a continuous action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ
Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (héxis, 'habit, state') and ὀχή (ochḗ, 'support').
G1497
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-DOH-lee-oh
Translations: (to) an idol, (to) an idol's temple, (in) an idol's temple
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΙΔΩΛΟΝ' (IDOLON), meaning 'idol' or 'idol temple'. In this dative case, it indicates the indirect object or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to' or 'in'. For example, it could refer to an act directed towards an idol, or being present within an idol's temple.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΑ, ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'ΙΔΩΛΟΝ' (IDOLON) comes from the Greek word 'ΕΙΔΟΣ' (EIDOS), meaning 'form' or 'shape'. It originally referred to an image or likeness, but later came to denote a false god or an object of worship.
G2621
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: kah-tah-KAY-meh-non
Translations: lying down, reclining, lying ill, laid up
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κατάκειμαι', meaning 'to lie down' or 'to recline'. It is often used to describe someone who is lying in bed, either resting or, more commonly, due to illness. It can also refer to something that is laid down or situated. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down) and 'κεῖμαι' (to lie).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'.
G3780
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-khee
Translations: no, not, by no means, certainly not
Notes: This word is a strong negative particle, used to express an emphatic 'no' or 'not'. It is often used when the speaker expects a negative answer or wants to strongly deny something. It can stand alone as an answer or be used to negate a verb or a phrase, emphasizing the denial more strongly than a simple 'οὐ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From οὐ (ou) and the enclitic particle χί (chi), which adds emphasis. It is a strengthened form of the simple negative particle οὐ.
G0772
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: as-theh-NOOS
Translations: (of) weak, (of) feeble, (of) sick, (of) infirm, (of) powerless, (to) weak, (to) feeble, (to) sick, (to) infirm, (to) powerless, weak ones, feeble ones, sick ones, infirm ones, powerless ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is weak, feeble, sick, or infirm. It can refer to physical weakness, illness, or a lack of power or strength. It is often used in the New Testament to describe those who are physically ill or spiritually weak. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its state of weakness. As a noun, it refers to 'the weak' or 'weak ones'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative, All genders
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON-tos
Translations: of being, of existing, of that which is, of a being, of an existing thing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It describes something that is in the state of being or existing. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession, origin, or a descriptive quality, translating to 'of being' or 'of an existing one'. It can refer to a person, thing, or concept that exists.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΥ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-mee-THEE-seh-tay
Translations: will be built, will be constructed, will be edified
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to build a house' or 'to construct'. In a broader sense, it can refer to building up or edifying, especially in a spiritual or moral context. The form indicates a future passive action, meaning something will be built or edified by someone or something else. It is often used to describe the construction of physical structures or the spiritual growth and strengthening of individuals or communities.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G1494
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-doh-loh-THOO-tah
Translations: things sacrificed to idols, meat offered to idols, idol sacrifices
Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'idol' (εἴδωλον) and 'sacrifice' (θύω). It refers to food, especially meat, that has been offered as a sacrifice to pagan idols. In early Christian contexts, there was often debate and instruction regarding whether believers could eat such food, as it was associated with pagan worship.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-THEE-ayn
Translations: to eat, to consume, to devour
Notes: This word means 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is often used in a literal sense for consuming food, but can also be used metaphorically to describe something being devoured or consumed, such as by fire or by another entity. It is the infinitive form of the verb.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΕΣΘΙΩ
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-POL-loo-tai
Translations: is destroyed, perishes, is lost, is ruined, is undone
Notes: This word describes something being destroyed, perishing, or being lost. It is often used to indicate a state of ruin or being undone, rather than an active destruction by someone. It can refer to physical destruction or a state of spiritual or moral ruin.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΑΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the prefix ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollumi, 'to destroy, to lose'). It signifies a complete separation from existence or a state of being lost.
G0770
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-theh-NOH
Translations: I am weak, I am sick, I am ill, I am feeble, I am without strength, I am in need
Notes: This verb describes a state of weakness, sickness, or feebleness, often implying a lack of physical strength or resources. It can refer to physical illness, but also to spiritual or moral weakness, or a state of being in need or lacking something. It is commonly used to express a condition of being infirm or unable to cope.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΣ, ΑΡΡΩΣΤΩ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΩ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἀσθενής (asthenes), meaning 'weak, without strength', which is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and σθένος (sthenos), meaning 'strength, vigor'.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SEE
Translations: you, yourself
Notes: This is an inflected form of the second person singular pronoun 'you'. It is used to refer to the person being addressed. In this specific form, it is the dative singular, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also be the nominative singular, meaning 'you' (as the subject of a verb).
Inflection: Singular, Dative or Nominative, All genders
Etymology: The word originates from the Proto-Indo-European pronominal stem *tu-.
G1108
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GNO-see
Translations: knowledge, a knowledge, understanding, wisdom
Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or wisdom. It can describe general knowledge, spiritual insight, or practical understanding. It is often used in contexts relating to intellectual or spiritual comprehension.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-DEL-fos
Translations: brother, a brother, fellow believer, countryman, kinsman
Notes: This word refers primarily to a male sibling, a brother. However, in a broader sense, it can also denote a fellow human being, a countryman, a kinsman, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is commonly used to address or refer to members of a community or group who share a common bond.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΣ
Etymology: From the prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'together' and 'δελφύς' (delphys) meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to siblings.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PEH-thah-nen
Translations: he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is used to describe the act of someone or something passing away. The form 'ἀπέθανεν' specifically indicates that a single person or thing 'died' in the past.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΟΙΜΑΩ
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G264
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: ah-mar-TAH-non-tes
Translations: sinning, erring, missing the mark, those who sin, sinners
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'sinning' or 'erring'. It describes an ongoing action of missing the mark, failing to achieve a goal, or committing a moral offense. It can be used to describe individuals who are in the act of sinning or as a substantive noun referring to 'those who sin' or 'sinners'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOOS
Translations: brothers, brethren
Notes: This word refers to male siblings, or more broadly, to fellow members of a community, especially in a religious or spiritual sense. In the New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to fellow believers in Christ, emphasizing a familial bond among them. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ
G5180
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: TOOP-toh-tes
Translations: striking, beating, smiting, hitting
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'τύπτω' (typtō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to beat'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'striking' or 'those who are striking', depending on the context. It describes someone or something in the act of hitting or smiting.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΑΣΣΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΛΗΓΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The verb 'τύπτω' (typtō) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of a blow. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of use.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G4893
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-EE-day-sin
Translations: conscience, a conscience
Notes: This word refers to one's inner moral awareness or sense of right and wrong. It is the faculty by which a person judges their own actions, thoughts, and character. It can be used to describe a good or bad conscience, and it often implies a sense of guilt or innocence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΝΟΥΣ
G0770
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-theh-NOO-san
Translations: being weak, being sick, being ill, being feeble, a weak one, a sick one, an ill one, a feeble one
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'astheneō', meaning 'to be weak', 'to be sick', or 'to be ill'. In this form, it describes someone or something that is in the process of being weak or sick. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and indicates a continuous state of weakness or illness. When used substantively, it can refer to 'a weak person' or 'a sick person'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΣ, ΑΡΡΩΣΤΕΩ, ΝΟΣΕΩ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KHRI-ston
Translations: Christ, the Christ, Anointed One, the Anointed One
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation (a nomina sacra) for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΝ (CHRISTON), which is the accusative singular form of ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, and is used as the object of a verb or preposition in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G0264
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-mar-TAH-neh-teh
Translations: you sin, you are sinning, sin, do wrong, err, miss the mark
Notes: This word means to sin, to err, or to miss the mark. It describes an action of falling short of a standard or goal, often with moral implications. It can be used in a command (imperative) or to state a fact (indicative), indicating that a group of people are sinning or are being commanded to sin (or not to sin, as often seen in context).
Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative or Imperative Mood
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΕΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ
G1352
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: dee-OH-per
Translations: therefore, wherefore, for which cause, for this reason
Notes: This word is a compound adverb or conjunction used to introduce a logical consequence or conclusion. It signifies 'for this very reason' or 'because of this'. It is often used to connect a preceding statement with a resulting action or outcome, emphasizing the direct cause-and-effect relationship.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ
Etymology: ΔΙΟΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and ὅπερ (hoper), meaning 'which very thing' or 'the very thing which'. It emphasizes the direct cause or reason for something.
G4624
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: skan-da-LI-zei
Translations: he causes to stumble, he offends, he tempts to sin, he puts a stumbling block
Notes: This word describes the action of causing someone to stumble, either literally or morally. It often refers to leading someone into sin, causing them to lose faith, or creating an obstacle that leads to their downfall. It can also mean to take offense or be scandalized by something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FON
Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man
Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FAH-goh
Translations: eat, devour, consume
Notes: This word is an aorist active subjunctive form of the verb 'to eat'. It is used to express an action of eating that is completed or viewed as a whole, often in a dependent clause or expressing a wish or command. It can also mean to devour or consume.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The root ΦΑΓ- is an aorist stem that replaced the present stem of the verb 'to eat' (ἐσθίω) in many forms. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'.
G2907
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KREH-as
Translations: meat, flesh, a meat, a flesh
Notes: This word refers to the flesh of an animal, especially when prepared for food. It is commonly used in contexts discussing diet, sacrifices, or the physical body. For example, it can be used to say 'I ate meat' or 'they offered flesh'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ
Etymology: The word ΚΡΕΑΣ comes from an unknown origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, suggesting an ancient root related to cutting or dividing.
G2907
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kreh-AH
Translations: meats, flesh
Notes: This word refers to animal flesh, typically used for food or in the context of sacrifices. It is often found in discussions about dietary laws or offerings.
Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ
Etymology: The word 'κρέας' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to cut' or 'to divide'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G0165
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-OH-na
Translations: age, an age, eternity, an eternity, world, a world
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, which can range from a short span to an indefinite duration, or even eternity. It can also refer to the world or an era. In its accusative form, it often indicates the duration or extent of an action, or the object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΓΕΝΕΑ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G4624
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: skan-da-LEE-soh
Translations: I will cause to stumble, I will cause to fall, I will offend, I will tempt to sin, I will put a stumbling block before
Notes: This word is the future active indicative form of the verb 'σκανδαλίζω' (skandalizo). It means to cause someone to stumble, fall into sin, or be offended. It implies putting an obstacle or temptation in someone's path that leads them astray or causes them to lose faith.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΙΠΤΩ
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