Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint / Nehemiah / Chapter 4Nehemiah, Chapter 4
Interlinear version from Swete's Recension of the Greek Septuagint (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G2259
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: HAY-nee-kah
Translations: when, at which time, as soon as
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, meaning 'when' or 'at which time'. It is used to introduce a temporal clause, specifying the moment an action occurs. It can also convey the sense of 'as soon as' or 'whenever'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and 'nika' (at what time). It combines these elements to form an adverb indicating a specific point in time.
G191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen
Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound with the ears. In this form, it indicates that a single person or thing performed the action of hearing in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ
G0327
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-nah-BAL-lat
Translations: Anaballat
Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a transliteration of a Hebrew name into Greek. It refers to a specific individual, possibly a place, and is used in a sentence as the subject or object of an action, similar to how a name would be used in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a proper noun)
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of a Hebrew proper noun, likely related to the name 'Anab'.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOO-men
Translations: we build, we are building, we construct, we edify
Notes: This word means 'to build' or 'to construct'. It can refer to the literal construction of a building or, metaphorically, to the act of building up or edifying someone spiritually or morally. In the provided examples, it is used in the context of building a house or a wall.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-ee-khos
Translations: wall, a wall
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive wall around a city or a fortress. It is a neuter noun and can be used in various contexts where a physical barrier or structure is implied, such as a city wall or a dividing wall.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΧΟΣ, ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'fixing' or 'building'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in use since classical times.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: po-nee-RON
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, a wicked thing, an evil thing
Notes: This word describes something as evil, wicked, or bad. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or it can function as a noun itself, referring to an evil or wicked thing. It often implies something that is morally corrupt, harmful, or causing distress.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, distress, pain', suggesting something that causes pain or is the result of painful effort, thus leading to the meaning of 'evil' or 'wicked'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G5319
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-FAH-nee
Translations: appeared, was seen, became visible, shone
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to appear,' 'to be seen,' or 'to become visible.' It can also mean 'to shine' or 'to give light.' It is often used to describe something that becomes evident or manifests itself, or someone who shows themselves. In the provided examples, it describes people or things becoming visible or appearing.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ
G3710
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: or-GISS-thay
Translations: he was angered, he became angry, he got angry
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to become angry, to be provoked to anger, or to be enraged. It describes the state of someone experiencing wrath or indignation. In this form, it indicates that the subject of the verb was the one who became angry.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive/Middle, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ
Etymology: From ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'anger' or 'wrath'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G1632
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-eh-GEH-lah
Translations: laughed out, mocked, derided
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to laugh out loud at someone' or 'to mock' or 'to deride'. It implies a strong, often scornful, laughter directed at another. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb γελάω (gelaō), meaning 'to laugh'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ
Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb γελάω (gelaō), meaning 'to laugh'. The prefix intensifies the action of laughing, implying a full, unrestrained laugh, often with a negative connotation of mockery.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oys
Translations: to Jews, for Jews, with Jews, among Jews
Notes: This word refers to Jews or Jewish people. It is a plural noun in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something. It can be translated as 'to Jews,' 'for Jews,' 'with Jews,' or 'among Jews,' depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1799
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on
Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ
Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOHN
Translations: (of) brothers, (of) brethren, (of) fellow believers
Notes: This word refers to brothers, or more broadly, to fellow members of a community, especially in a religious or spiritual sense, like fellow believers or brethren. It is used here in the genitive plural case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ἈΔΕΛΦΟΥΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees
Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.
G4589
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: so-mo-RON
Translations: Samaria, of Samaria
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Samaria, a historical region in the ancient Near East, located in the central highlands of the Land of Israel. It was also the name of the capital city of the northern Kingdom of Israel. In the provided examples, it appears as the name of the region or city, often in a genitive construction meaning 'of Samaria'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Nominative
Etymology: The Greek word Σομόρων (Somorōn) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name שֹׁמְרוֹן (Shomron), which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OO-toy
Translations: these, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they'. It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are nearby or have just been mentioned. It functions similarly to 'these ones' or 'these people' in English.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOO-sin
Translations: they build, they are building, they construct, they erect
Notes: This word means to build, construct, or erect a structure, such as a house or a temple. It can also be used metaphorically to mean to build up, edify, or strengthen, especially in a spiritual sense. It describes the action of a group of people engaged in building.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound word derived from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house', and ΔΕΜΩ (demō), meaning 'to build'. Thus, it literally means 'to build a house'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TON
Translations: (of) themselves, their own
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action or possession relates to the subject itself. It is used to emphasize that the subject is acting upon or possessing something related to itself, rather than someone or something else.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
G4172
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: POH-lin
Translations: city, a city
Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.
G5185
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: toh-BEE-as
Translations: Tobias
Notes: This is a proper male name, Tobias, derived from the Hebrew name Toviyah, meaning 'Yahweh is good'. It is used to refer to the individual named Tobias.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From the Hebrew name Toviyah, meaning 'Yahweh is good'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G0283
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: am-mah-NAY-tace
Translations: Ammonite, an Ammonite
Notes: This word refers to an inhabitant or descendant of Ammon, a nation located east of the Jordan River. The Ammonites were a people frequently mentioned in the Old Testament, often in conflict with the Israelites. It is used to identify a person as belonging to this ethnic group.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Etymology: The word is derived from the Hebrew name 'Ammon' (עַמּוֹן), referring to the son of Lot and the ancestor of the Ammonite people. The suffix -ειτης is a common Greek ending used to denote a member of a nation or tribe.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: EKH-oh-meh-nah
Translations: holding, having, being near, next to, adjoining, contiguous, being held, being possessed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its present middle/passive form, it often describes something that is being held, possessed, or is in close proximity to something else. It can indicate a state of being near or adjacent to something, or being in possession of something. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate what it is near or what it is holding.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Nominative or Accusative Case, Neuter Gender, Plural Number
Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (hexis) 'habit, state' and ὄχος (ochos) 'carriage, vehicle'.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-then
Translations: came, went, arrived
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, specifically that 'he, she, or it came' or 'he, she, or it went'. It is used to indicate movement towards or away from a place or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-pahn
Translations: they said, they spoke
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ow-TOOS
Translations: themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon itself. For example, 'they save themselves'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G2378
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thoo-see-AH-soo-sin
Translations: they will sacrifice, they will offer, they will slay
Notes: This word means 'they will sacrifice' or 'they will offer' and refers to the act of making an offering, often to a deity, which could involve slaying an animal. It is used to describe a future action of a group of people.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GON-tai
Translations: they will eat
Notes: This word means 'they will eat' and is the third person plural future indicative form of the verb 'to eat'. It describes an action that will happen in the future, performed by a group of people or things.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΟΥΣΙΝ
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TO-poo
Translations: of a place, of a region, of a spot, of a locality, of a position, of a situation
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'τόπος' (topos), meaning 'place' or 'region'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the people of the place' or 'from that place'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑΣ, ΤΟΠΟΥ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3780
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH-ee
Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not
Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ
Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-BEE-seh-tai
Translations: will go up, will ascend, will rise, will come up
Notes: This word describes the action of moving upwards, ascending, or rising. It is used to indicate a future action, such as someone or something going up a mountain, into a city, or rising from a lower position to a higher one. It can also refer to things like plants growing or smoke rising.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G0254
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-LOH-peks
Translations: fox, a fox
Notes: This word refers to a fox, a cunning and often solitary animal. In ancient literature, it is frequently used metaphorically to describe a sly, cunning, or deceitful person. It can be used in a sentence to refer to the animal itself or to characterize someone's behavior.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word comes from Proto-Indo-European, likely referring to a 'reddish' animal. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.
G2507
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-THEL-ei
Translations: to take down, to pull down, to cast down, to demolish, to destroy
Notes: This word means to take something down from a higher position, to pull down or demolish a structure, or to cast someone down from a position of power or authority. It implies an action of bringing something or someone from a higher state or place to a lower one, often with the intent of destruction or removal. It can be used literally for physical objects or figuratively for abstract concepts like pride or power.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thohn
Translations: of stones, of rocks
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'λίθος' (lithos), which means 'stone' or 'rock'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of stones' or 'made of stones'. For example, one might speak of 'a wall of stones'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown pre-Greek source, possibly related to words for 'rock' or 'stone' in other ancient languages.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-son
Translations: hear, listen, obey, understand, give heed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is often used in the imperative form to command someone to pay attention or to obey. It can also imply understanding or giving heed to something said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΕΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thee-men
Translations: we became, we were made, we were born, we came into being, we happened
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to be made,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or a new existence. It can also mean 'to happen' or 'to occur.' In this form, it indicates that a group of people (we) underwent this change or experience.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: myk-tay-rees-MON
Translations: mockery, a mockery, derision, a derision
Notes: This word refers to an act of mockery, scorn, or derision. It describes the state of being ridiculed or made fun of. It is typically used to convey contempt or disdain towards someone or something.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΑΙΓΜΟΣ, ΧΛΕΥΑΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb μυκτηρίζω (myktērizō), meaning 'to turn up the nose at, to mock', which comes from μυκτῆρ (myktēr), meaning 'nose, snout'.
G1994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-TREP-son
Translations: turn, return, turn back, convert, restore
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to turn, return, or turn back. It can be used to describe a physical turning movement, or a metaphorical turning, such as returning to a previous state, converting to a new belief, or restoring something. It is often used in the imperative to command someone to turn or return.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.
G3681
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-ney-dis-MON
Translations: reproach, a reproach, disgrace, a disgrace, shame, a shame, insult, an insult
Notes: This word refers to the act or state of being reproached, disgraced, or insulted. It signifies a cause for shame or a mark of dishonor. It is often used in contexts where someone is subjected to scorn, contempt, or public humiliation.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΙΣΧΥΝΗ, ΥΒΡΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ
Etymology: From the verb ὀνειδίζω (oneidizō), meaning 'to reproach' or 'to revile', which itself comes from ὄνειδος (oneidos), meaning 'reproach' or 'blame'.
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEEN
Translations: head, a head
Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a leader, chief, or origin, depending on the context, such as 'the head of a household' or 'the head of a river'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'head' or 'top' in other Indo-European languages.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doss
Translations: give
Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to issue a direct command or instruction to a single person, equivalent to saying 'Give!' or 'You give!'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAY
Translations: earth, land, ground, country, a land, the earth
Notes: This word refers to the physical ground, the planet Earth, or a specific territory or country. It is often used to distinguish land from the sea or sky, or to denote a particular region or nation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΑΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the earth as a flat, solid surface, distinct from the heavens or the sea.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-SEE-as
Translations: of captivity, of exile, of imprisonment, of prisoners
Notes: This word refers to the state of being taken captive, often in war, or the condition of exile or imprisonment. It can also refer to a group of captives or prisoners. It is a compound word derived from 'aichmē' (spear) and 'halōsis' (capture).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΤΕΙΑ, ἈΠΟΙΚΙΑ
G2572
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-LOOP-sees
Translations: you may cover, you might cover, you should cover, you cover, you may hide, you might hide, you should hide, you hide, you may conceal, you might conceal, you should conceal, you conceal
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb καλύπτω (kalyptō), meaning 'to cover, hide, or conceal'. It is used to express an action that might or should happen, often in a prohibitive or hortatory sense, such as 'you should not cover' or 'let you cover'. It implies an action of placing something over another to obscure it from view or knowledge.
Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ
G0458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-MEE-ahn
Translations: lawlessness, iniquity, a lawlessness, an iniquity, transgression, a transgression
Notes: This word refers to a state of being without law, or a violation of law. It often implies moral transgression, wickedness, or a disregard for divine or human laws. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating the thing that is being done or committed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνομία (anomía, “lawlessness”), from ἄνομος (ánomos, “lawless”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + νόμος (nómos, “law”).
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G4522
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-nah-BAL-lat
Translations: Sanballat
Notes: Sanballat was a historical figure, a prominent opponent of Nehemiah in the Old Testament, specifically mentioned in the Book of Nehemiah. He was a governor of Samaria who tried to hinder the rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Sanballat is of Akkadian origin, likely meaning 'Sin (the moon god) has given life'. It refers to a historical figure from the Achaemenid Persian period.
G5185
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: toh-BEE-ah
Translations: Tobiah, Tobias, (of) Tobiah, (to) Tobiah
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the name Tobiah or Tobias. It is a common name in the Old Testament and Apocrypha, often referring to the son of Tobit. It is used to identify a specific person.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Τωβίας (Tobias) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Toviyyah (טוֹבִיָּה), meaning 'Yahweh is good' or 'my good is Yahweh'.
G0688
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: A-RA-bes
Translations: Arabs
Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Arabia, a region located to the east and south of ancient Judea. It is used to describe people of Arab descent or those living in the Arabian peninsula.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
G0283
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: am-mah-NEH-tai
Translations: Ammonites
Notes: This word refers to the Ammonites, an ancient Semitic-speaking people who inhabited the region east of the Jordan River, in modern-day Jordan. They were descendants of Ammon, the son of Lot, and were often in conflict with the Israelites.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-BEE
Translations: went up, ascended, climbed, came up, rose
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it went up' or 'ascended'. It describes an action of moving upwards, whether physically climbing, rising, or metaphorically ascending to a higher position or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΛΘΕΝ, ΕΒΗ
G5449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOO-ay
Translations: nature, a nature, growth, stature, natural disposition
Notes: This word refers to the inherent nature or disposition of something or someone, as well as their physical growth or stature. It describes what something is by birth or origin, or how it develops naturally. It can be used to speak of the physical form or the innate character.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΥΣΙΣ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb ΦΥΩ (PHYŌ), meaning 'to bring forth, produce, grow'. It relates to the concept of natural generation and development.
G5098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEE-kheh-sin
Translations: to walls, to a wall, walls, a wall
Notes: This word refers to a wall, especially a defensive wall or city wall. In this inflected form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or simply as the plural 'walls' depending on context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΗ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ
G2419
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sah-LEEM
Translations: Jerusalem
Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. It is used to refer to the geographical location and often carries spiritual or symbolic meaning. It functions as a direct object or the object of a preposition in sentences, indicating location or destination.
Inflection: Often indeclinable
Etymology: From Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim), meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: heer-XAHN-toh
Translations: they began, they started
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. In this specific form, it indicates that a group of people 'began' or 'started' an action. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what they began to do.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G1223, G4967
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-ah-sfa-GAI
Translations: slaughter, massacre, carnage
Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'διά' (through, completely) and 'σφαγή' (slaughter). It refers to a complete or thorough slaughter, a massacre, or carnage. It is used to describe a violent and extensive killing of people or animals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΦΟΝΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the noun ΣΦΑΓΗ (sphagē), meaning 'slaughter' or 'sacrifice'.
G0320
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-PHRAS-ses-thai
Translations: to wall up, to block up, to stop up, to obstruct
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'back') and φράσσω (phrassō, meaning 'to fence in, to block, to stop up'). It means to wall up, block up, or obstruct something, often referring to a physical barrier or impediment. It describes the action of completely closing off an opening or passage.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΡΑΣΣΩ, ἘΜΦΡΑΣΣΩ, ΚΛΕΙΩ
Etymology: The word ἀναφράσσω (anaphrassō) is derived from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb φράσσω (phrassō), meaning 'to fence in, to block, to stop up'. The root φράσσω is of uncertain origin but is related to the idea of enclosing or obstructing.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G4970
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: SFO-drah
Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, strongly, vehemently
Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of a verb, adjective, or another adverb. It indicates a high degree or intensity of the action or quality described, often translated as 'very much' or 'to a great extent'. It is used to emphasize the force or extent of something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ
Etymology: From an unused root meaning 'to be vehement'.
G4863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EEKH-theh-san
Translations: they were gathered, they assembled, they came together
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be gathered together or to assemble. It describes a group of people coming together in one place, often for a specific purpose or in response to an event. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of bringing or leading things or people together.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: it, itself, the same
Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-THAYN
Translations: to come, to go, to arrive, to appear
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is used to express the action of coming or going in a general sense, often indicating the purpose or result of another action. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'before coming' or 'in order to come'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G3903
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-TAX-as-thai
Translations: to arrange in battle array, to draw up in battle formation, to set in order for battle, to array oneself for battle
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'alongside' or 'beside', and 'τάσσω' (tasso), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. It specifically refers to the act of arranging troops or forces in a battle line or formation. It is used to describe the preparation for combat, where soldiers are organized into ranks and files.
Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ
G4336
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-AY-oo-xah-meh-thah
Translations: we prayed, we did pray
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to pray' or 'to offer prayer'. It is formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb 'εὔχομαι' (euchomai), meaning 'to pray' or 'to wish'. The compound emphasizes the direction or focus of the prayer towards someone or something, typically God. It is used to describe the act of engaging in prayer.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ (euchomai), meaning 'to pray' or 'to wish'. The root ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ is believed to come from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak solemnly' or 'to vow'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G2476
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-TAY-sa-men
Translations: we stood, we set, we appointed, we established, we placed
Notes: This word is the first aorist active indicative form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It means 'we stood' or 'we caused to stand'. It can be used to describe the act of placing something upright, establishing a rule or custom, or appointing someone to a position. In a broader sense, it signifies bringing something into a stable or fixed state.
Inflection: First Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ
G4388
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-fy-LA-kas
Translations: guards, a guard, sentinels, a sentinel
Notes: This word refers to those who stand guard or keep watch, acting as a protective force. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'one who watches'. Therefore, it literally means 'one who guards in front'. It is used to describe individuals or groups assigned to protect a place or person, often implying a defensive or watchful role.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΟΙ, ΣΚΟΠΟΙ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G3571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOOK-tos
Translations: of night, of a night, night's
Notes: This word refers to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. As a genitive case, it indicates possession, origin, or time, often translated as 'of night' or 'by night'. It is used to specify when an event occurs or to describe something belonging to the night.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΖΟΦΟΣ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-SO-poo
Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person
Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.
G2448
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS
Translations: Judas, Judah
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.
G4937
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-eh-TREE-bee
Translations: was broken, was crushed, was shattered, was bruised
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be broken,' 'to be crushed,' or 'to be shattered.' It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'συντρίβω' (syntribō), indicating an action that was completed in the past and was done to the subject. It can be used to describe physical breaking or crushing, or metaphorically, such as being broken in spirit.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΘΛΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ
G2479
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: iss-KHOOS
Translations: strength, power, might, force, ability, a strength, a power, a might
Notes: This word is a noun referring to strength, power, or might. It denotes inherent ability, physical or moral force, and capacity to act or endure. It can be used to describe the power of God, the strength of a nation, or the ability of an individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'ischys' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ischō' (to have strength, to be able). It refers to inherent strength or power.
G2190
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ekh-THRON
Translations: of enemies, enemies
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial. It is the plural genitive form of 'enemy', indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of enemies' or simply 'enemies' when the context implies possession or separation from them.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ
G3793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OCH-los
Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, mob, a mob
Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a multitude, or a crowd. It can sometimes carry the connotation of a common or unorganized group, or even a disorderly mob. It is typically used to describe a large number of people gathered together, often in a public space.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ὈΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to throng'.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loos
Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, a great many
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can refer to a large crowd of people or a significant amount of something. It can also be used to describe something as 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NEE-so-me-tha
Translations: we will be able, we shall be able, we can
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we will be able' or 'we shall be able'. It is used to express future capability or possibility for a group of people (us). For example, 'We will be able to go' or 'We can do this'.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle, First Person Plural
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEIN
Translations: to build, to construct, to erect, to edify, to restore, to rebuild
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to build a house' or more generally 'to construct'. It is often used in a literal sense for physical construction, but can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to build up' or 'to edify' someone spiritually or morally. It describes the action of creating or improving something through construction.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TIGH-khei
Translations: wall, a wall, (to) a wall, (in) a wall, (on) a wall
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive wall around a city or fortress. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or indirect object, often translated as 'to the wall,' 'in the wall,' or 'on the wall' depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΙΣΜΑ
G2346
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: THLEE-bon-tes
Translations: those who afflict, those who trouble, oppressors, persecutors
Notes: This word is a present active participle, plural, masculine, nominative, or accusative case, derived from the verb 'θλίβω' (thlibō). It refers to individuals who are actively causing distress, trouble, or oppression. It can be translated as 'those who afflict' or 'oppressors' and is often used to describe enemies or adversaries.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΙ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: gno-SON-tai
Translations: they will know, they shall know
Notes: This word is a verb indicating the act of knowing or coming to know something. It is in the future tense, meaning the action will occur at some point in the future. It is typically used to describe a group of people who will gain knowledge or understanding.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΔΗΣΟΥΣΙΝ, ΜΑΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: op-SON-tai
Translations: they will see, they shall see, they will look, they shall look
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is used to describe an action that will happen in the future, indicating that a group of people (they) will perform the act of seeing or perceiving something. It can be used in various contexts where observation or understanding is implied.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of primary verb, probably akin to the root of G1492 (εἴδω, eido), meaning 'to see'.
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G3748
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-too
Translations: of whom, of which, of whatever, of whoever
Notes: ΟΤΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the relative pronoun ΟΣΤΙΣ, meaning 'whoever' or 'whatever'. It is used to refer to an indefinite person or thing, often introducing a clause that provides more information about that indefinite subject. It can also function as a genitive of the relative pronoun ΟΣ, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΤΙΝΟΣ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-THOH-men
Translations: let us come, let us go
Notes: This word is a verb form meaning 'let us come' or 'let us go'. It is used to express a hortatory or deliberative action, suggesting a joint action or proposal. It implies a movement towards a place or a state, often used in contexts where a group is deciding to proceed together.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: MEH-son
Translations: middle, midst, between, among, a middle, the middle
Notes: This word refers to the middle point, space, or time. It is often used in phrases with prepositions like "ana" (ἀνά) or "en" (ἐν) to indicate being "in the midst of," "between," or "among" things or people.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΝΤΟΣ
G5407
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-NEV-soh-men
Translations: we may kill, let us kill, we shall kill, we may murder, let us murder, we shall murder
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to kill' or 'to murder'. It is used to describe the act of taking a life, often with intent. In this form, it indicates a future action that is desired, purposed, or possible, performed by a group including the speaker.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Active Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G2664
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-pow-SOH-men
Translations: we may cause to cease, we may make to rest, we may stop, we may put an end to
Notes: This word means to cause something to cease, to bring it to a stop, or to make it rest. It implies an action taken by the subject to halt or conclude an activity or state. It is often used in contexts where one group or individual is stopping another from doing something, or bringing an activity to an end.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΠΑΥΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΛΗΓΩ
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gon
Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business
Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EL-thoh-san
Translations: they came, they went
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they came' or 'they went'. It is the third person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time.
Inflection: Third person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝ, ΑΦΙΚΟΝΤΟ
G3611
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: oy-KOON-tes
Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, living, residing, those who dwell, the inhabitants
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'oikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes an ongoing action of dwelling or living in a place. It can be used adjectivally to describe something that is dwelling, or substantively to refer to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants' of a particular location.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word 'oikeō' comes from 'oikos', meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to the act of inhabiting a house or dwelling.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-po-san
Translations: they said, they spoke
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying that occurred in the past and was completed at a specific point in time. It is used when a group of people (they) performed the action of speaking.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ
G2254
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HEE-meen
Translations: (to) us, (for) us, us
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the first-person plural pronoun 'we'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to us' or 'for us'. It can also signify possession or benefit/detriment for 'us'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He gave the book to us' or 'This is good for us'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Dative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the first-person plural pronoun in other Indo-European languages.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-BAH-ee-noo-sin
Translations: they go up, they ascend, they come up, they climb, they embark
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἈΝΑ (ANA), meaning 'up' or 'upwards,' and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (BAINO), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.' Therefore, it literally means 'to go up' or 'to ascend.' It is commonly used to describe movement upwards, such as climbing a mountain, going up to a city (especially Jerusalem, which was often on higher ground), or embarking onto a ship.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-pohn
Translations: of places, of areas, of regions, of localities
Notes: This word is a noun referring to a specific location, area, or region. It can denote a physical spot, a territory, or even a metaphorical position. In its genitive plural form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin related to multiple locations.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ, ΚΩΜΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΠΟΣ (topos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a place or spot.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: EHF
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by
Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.
Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G2476
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-TAY-sa
Translations: I stood, I set, I caused to stand, I established, I appointed
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). In its active voice, it can mean 'to make to stand, to set, to establish, to appoint' (transitive) or 'to stand, to take one's stand' (intransitive). The aorist tense indicates a simple, completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΙΔΡΥΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G2736
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: kah-TOH-tah-tah
Translations: lowest, uttermost, deepest, bottommost, down, below
Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective/adverb 'κάτω' (kato), meaning 'down' or 'below'. As an adjective, it means 'lowest' or 'uttermost', often referring to the lowest or deepest parts of something. As an adverb, it means 'at the very bottom' or 'most deeply'. It is frequently used in phrases like 'to the lowest parts' or 'in the deepest places'.
Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΒΑΘΥΤΑΤΑ, ΕΣΧΑΤΑ
G2694
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: kah-toh-PISS-then
Translations: behind, after, afterward, back
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'after'. It can refer to a position in space, indicating something is located at the rear of something else, or to a sequence in time, meaning 'afterward' or 'subsequently'. It is often used with a genitive case to specify what it is behind or after.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΩ, ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the adverb ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ (opisthen), meaning 'from behind' or 'behind'.
G5038
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEI-khoos
Translations: of a wall, of a city wall, of a fortification
Notes: This word refers to a wall, typically a defensive structure like a city wall or a fortification. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to a wall, such as 'the strength of a wall' or 'the top of a wall'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΙΣΜΑ
G4629
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: skeh-PEH-noyce
Translations: (to) hidden, (to) covered, (to) sheltered, (in) hidden places, (in) covered places, (in) sheltered places
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'hidden,' 'covered,' or 'sheltered.' It describes something that is concealed or protected from view. In the dative plural form, as seen in the example, it often refers to 'hidden places' or 'those who are hidden/sheltered,' indicating a location or group that is out of sight or protected.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΟΣ, ΑΦΑΝΗΣ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΠΕΙΝΟΣ (skepeinos) is derived from the verb σκέπω (skepō), meaning 'to cover' or 'to shelter.' It describes something that is covered or protected.
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-on
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation, multitude, a multitude
Notes: This word refers to a group of people, a nation, or a multitude. It is a masculine noun and is often used to describe the general populace or a specific ethnic group. In the given form, it is used as the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G1218
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DEE-moos
Translations: people, a people, district, a district, community, a community
Notes: This word refers to a people, a district, or a community. It is often used to describe a specific group of people or a geographical area inhabited by them. In the provided context, it is used to describe the organization of people into groups or divisions.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ
Etymology: The word "ΔΗΜΟΣ" (dēmos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a division of society, a district, or a people. It is the root of English words like 'democracy' and 'demography'.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G4501
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: rom-FAY-ohn
Translations: of swords, of daggers, of spears, of javelins
Notes: This word refers to a large sword, often described as a broadsword or a long, straight sword, sometimes even a spear or javelin. It was a weapon used for cutting and thrusting, typically associated with Thracian warriors. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the edge of swords' or 'made of swords'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΩΝ, ΞΙΦΩΝ
G3035
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LONG-khas
Translations: spear, a spear, lance, a lance
Notes: This word refers to a spear or a lance, a long weapon with a sharp point, used for thrusting or throwing. It is typically used in contexts of warfare or hunting. The form ΛΟΓΧΑΣ is the accusative plural of the noun ΛΟΓΧΗ, indicating that it is the direct object of a verb and refers to multiple spears.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΟΡΥ, ΑΙΧΜΗ
G5115
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOX-ah
Translations: bows, arrows
Notes: This word refers to bows, the weapons used for shooting arrows, or by extension, the arrows themselves. It is the plural form of the word for 'bow' or 'arrow'. It can be used in sentences to refer to multiple such weapons.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-don
Translations: I saw, I beheld, I perceived
Notes: This is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It describes a completed action of seeing or perceiving that occurred in the past. It is often used to indicate a direct observation or a profound understanding.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩ, ΘΕΆΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΏΣΚΩ
G450
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-ES-tayn
Translations: I stood up, I arose, I rose, I was raised
Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to stand up,' 'to arise,' or 'to rise.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is often used to describe physical rising from a seated or prone position, or a metaphorical rising, such as from the dead or from a state of inactivity.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ
Etymology: The word ἀνίστημι (anistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' Thus, it literally means 'to stand up' or 'to cause to stand up again.'
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-pah
Translations: I said, I spoke
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is an aorist form, indicating a completed action in the past. It is commonly used to report direct speech or state what someone has said.
Inflection: First person singular, Aorist Indicative Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G1784
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: en-TEE-moos
Translations: honorable, esteemed, precious, valuable
Notes: This word describes something or someone as honorable, esteemed, or precious. It is used to refer to individuals who hold a position of respect or high regard, or to things that are considered valuable. It can be used in a sentence to describe people of high standing or objects of great worth.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ, ΤΙΜΙΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΤΙΜΟΣ
G2640
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-LOI-poos
Translations: remaining, rest, a remnant, the rest, those who remain
Notes: This word refers to that which is left over or remaining after a part has been taken away. It can describe people who are left behind or a portion of something that remains. It is often used to denote a 'remnant' in a theological sense, referring to a group of people who remain faithful or are preserved.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΛΟΙΠΟΣ
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lah-OO
Translations: of people, of a people, of nation, of a nation, of crowd, of a crowd
Notes: This word refers to a group of people, a nation, or a crowd. It is often used to describe a specific group of people, such as the people of Israel, or a general populace.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΥΣ, ΔΗΜΟΥ
G5399
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-bee-THEE-teh
Translations: fear, be afraid, reverence, respect
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to fear', 'to be afraid', or 'to reverence'. It is often used in the imperative to command someone to fear or not to fear, as seen in the example usage where it means 'do not fear them'. It can also imply respect or awe, especially in a religious context.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ
G3403
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: MNEES-thay-teh
Translations: remember, call to mind, be mindful of, think of
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is often used in the imperative mood, commanding someone or a group of people to recall something. It can also mean to be mindful of or to think of something or someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Middle/Passive Voice, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΜΕΛΕΤΑΩ
Etymology: From the root μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of'. It is related to the concept of memory and recollection.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gah-LOO
Translations: (of) great, (of) a great, (to) great, (to) a great, great things
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great,' 'large,' 'big,' or 'mighty.' It is used to describe something of significant size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical size, but also to status, power, or quantity. For example, it might describe a great king, a large city, or a great amount of something.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ
G5398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: foh-beh-ROO
Translations: of fearful, of terrible, of dreadful, of awesome
Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something that causes fear, terror, or awe. It can refer to something that is formidable, dangerous, or inspiring of reverence. It is used to describe things or beings that evoke a strong emotional response, often one of apprehension or respect.
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΝΟΣ, ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek φόβος (phobos, “fear”) + -ερός (-eros, adjectival suffix).
G3900
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-TAK-sas-theh
Translations: draw up in battle array, arrange in order, set in order, array yourselves, take your stand, line up
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to arrange or draw up alongside, often specifically referring to military formations, like drawing up troops in battle array. It implies an organized and deliberate positioning, typically for confrontation or a specific purpose. It is used as an imperative, commanding a group to take such a position.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΑΣΣΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΤΑΣΣΩ is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (tasso), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. It literally means 'to arrange alongside'.
G4012
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PEH-ree
Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.
Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-ee-OHN
Translations: of sons, of children, of descendants
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΥΙΟΣ' (huios), meaning 'son' or 'child'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of sons' or 'of children'. In a broader sense, it can also refer to descendants or followers, indicating a close association or lineage.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΩΝ, ΠΑΙΔΩΝ
G2364
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-gah-TEH-ron
Translations: of daughters, daughters
Notes: This word refers to female offspring. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of daughters' or 'belonging to daughters'. It can also be translated simply as 'daughters' when the genitive relationship is implied by context.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-nai-KOHN
Translations: of women, women
Notes: This word refers to women in general, or specifically to wives. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of women'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΗΛΕΙΑΙ, ΘΥΓΑΤΕΡΕΣ
G3624
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-KOHN
Translations: of houses, of homes, of households, of temples
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house,' 'home,' 'household,' or 'temple.' It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to.' For example, it could refer to 'the beams of the houses' or 'the needs of the temple.'
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ
G191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOO-san
Translations: they heard, they listened, they understood
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or paying attention to something. It can also imply understanding what is heard. In the provided examples, it describes people hearing news or the misfortunes of others.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
G2190
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ekh-THROY
Translations: enemies, foes, adversaries
Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial towards someone or something. It is used to describe opponents, whether in conflict, legal disputes, or general opposition. It can be used in a literal sense for military adversaries or in a more figurative sense for those who are opposed to a person's beliefs or actions.
Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine; Plural
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΙ
Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb ἔχθω (echthō), meaning 'to hate'. It is related to the concept of hatred and hostility.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-NOHS-thay
Translations: was known, became known, was made known
Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist passive indicative form. It means 'was known' or 'became known', indicating that something came to be understood or recognized by others. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject of the verb is the one being known, rather than the one doing the knowing.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΦΑΝΕΡΩΘΗ, ΕΔΗΛΩΘΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to know'. It is related to the English word 'know' and Latin 'gnoscere'.
G1287
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ess-keh-DAH-sen
Translations: scattered, dispersed, put to flight, routed
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to scatter abroad, disperse, or put to flight'. It describes an action where something or someone is broken up and spread out, often implying a forceful or complete dispersion. It can be used to describe scattering people, plans, or even thoughts.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ
G1012
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BOO-layn
Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will
Notes: This word refers to a counsel, plan, or purpose, often implying a deliberate decision or intention. It can be used to describe human plans or, frequently in the New Testament, the divine will or purpose of God. It is used in sentences to indicate the object of an action, such as 'to know the counsel' or 'to understand the plan'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē) comes from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to intend'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.
G1994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pes-TREP-sah-men
Translations: we returned, we turned back, we turned around, we converted
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to turn back', 'to return', or 'to convert'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. It describes the action of turning oneself back to a previous state, place, or belief, often implying a change of direction or repentance.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-NEER
Translations: man, a man, husband, a husband
Notes: This word refers to a male human being, often specifically an adult male. It can also be used to denote a husband in relation to his wife. It is used in sentences to identify a male individual or a spouse.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΑΣ
Etymology: This word comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a 'man' or 'human being'. It is related to words for 'man' in various Indo-European languages.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness
Translations: of that, of her
Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
G2255
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: HEE-mee-soo
Translations: half, a half, the half
Notes: This word refers to one of two equal parts into which something is divided. It can be used as an adjective, meaning 'half,' or as a noun, meaning 'a half' or 'the half.' It is often used to describe a portion or division of a whole.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From an assumed compound of the prefix 'hemi-' (meaning 'half') and a root related to 'isos' (meaning 'equal'). It refers to one of two equal parts.
G1621
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-te-ti-NAG-me-non
Translations: of shaken off, of cast off, of thrown off, of dislodged
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of a perfect passive participle, meaning "of those who have been shaken off" or "of those who have been cast off." It describes a state of being forcefully removed or dislodged. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning "out of" or "from," and τινάσσω (tinassō), meaning "to shake."
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΙΝΑΣΣΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΡΙΠΤΩ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-oon
Translations: they were doing, they were making, they did, they made
Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to do' or 'to make', and in this form, it refers to a group of people performing such an action over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they were making' something or 'they were doing' something.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G0472
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-TEH-khon-toh
Translations: they held fast, they resisted, they clung to, they held out against, they endured
Notes: This word describes the action of holding onto something, resisting an opposing force, or enduring a difficult situation. It implies a steadfastness or persistence in the face of opposition or challenge. It can be used to describe physically holding something, or metaphorically holding onto a belief or command.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ἈΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G3059
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOKH-khee
Translations: spears, lances
Notes: This word refers to spears or lances, which are long weapons with sharp points, typically used for thrusting or throwing. It is often used in contexts describing warfare or hunting, where such weapons would be employed.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΔΟΡΥ, ΑΙΧΜΗ
G2375
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: thoo-REH-oy
Translations: shields, a shield
Notes: This word refers to a large, oblong shield, often door-shaped, used for protection in battle. It was typically large enough to cover the entire body of a soldier. In the provided examples, it is used in contexts of military equipment or defense.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΣΠΙΣ, ΣΑΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'θυρεός' (thyreos) is derived from 'θύρα' (thyra), meaning 'door', referring to the shield's shape and size, which resembled a door.
G2382
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THOH-rah-kes
Translations: breastplates, cuirasses, armor
Notes: This word refers to a piece of defensive armor, specifically a breastplate or cuirass, designed to protect the torso. It was commonly worn by soldiers in ancient times. In a sentence, it would be used to describe the protective gear worn by warriors.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΠΛΑ, ΑΣΠΙΔΕΣ
G0758
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khon-tes
Translations: rulers, the rulers, authorities, the authorities, chiefs, magistrates, princes
Notes: This word refers to individuals holding positions of authority, power, or leadership. It can denote civil magistrates, government officials, or even spiritual powers. It is used to describe those who govern or have dominion over others.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΙ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΕΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ
G3694
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: O-PI-so
Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tos
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) each
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΠΑΣ' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It can refer to a part of a whole, or to the entirety of something. For example, 'of all things' or 'of every person'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3624
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-koo
Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a temple, of a family, of a dwelling, of a building
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', 'home', 'household', 'family', or 'temple'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'τοῦ οἴκου' would mean 'of the house'. It can refer to a physical dwelling, a family unit, or even a spiritual dwelling like a temple.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΝΑΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'οἶκος' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'dwelling' or 'house'. It is related to words for 'house' in other Indo-European languages.
G2448
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH
Translations: Judah, of Judah
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Judah, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, from whom the tribe of Judah descended. It can also refer to the tribe itself, the territory occupied by the tribe, or the southern kingdom of Judah. It is used to identify a person, a lineage, or a geographical region.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Vocative, Accusative, or Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew Yehudah (יְהוּדָה), meaning 'praised'.
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOON-tone
Translations: of building, of constructing, of edifying, of those who build, of those who construct, of those who edify
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'oikodomeō', meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. It can also carry the figurative sense of 'to edify' or 'to build up' spiritually. As a genitive plural participle, it typically refers to 'of those who are building' or 'of those who are edifying', indicating possession or relationship.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΟΥΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound word formed from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house', and ΔΕΜΩ (demō), meaning 'to build'. Thus, it literally means 'to build a house'.
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: AI-ron-tes
Translations: lifting, taking up, carrying, bearing, taking away, removing, those who lift, those who take up, those who carry, those who bear, those who take away, those who remove
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'αἴρω' (airō). It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It means 'lifting,' 'taking up,' 'carrying,' 'bearing,' 'taking away,' or 'removing.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, often describing the subject of a sentence or providing additional information about an action. For example, it can be translated as 'those who are lifting' or 'while lifting.'
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ
G0708
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-TAYR-sin
Translations: to the arteries, to the windpipes, to the throats
Notes: This word refers to the arteries, windpipes, or throats. In a general sense, it denotes a passage or conduit within the body. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with "to" or "for."
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΑΡΥΓΞ, ΤΡΑΧΗΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ἀρτάω (artao), meaning 'to hang' or 'to fasten', referring to the pulsating nature of arteries or their connection to the heart.
G3696
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OP-loys
Translations: (to) weapons, (with) weapons, (by) weapons, (to) arms, (with) arms, (by) arms, (to) armor, (with) armor, (by) armor
Notes: This word refers to weapons, arms, or armor. It is used in the dative plural case, indicating the indirect object or means by which an action is performed. For example, it could mean 'with weapons' or 'by means of arms'.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΒΕΛΟΣ
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective
Sounds like: mee-AH
Translations: one, a, an
Notes: ΜΙΑ is the feminine form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used to indicate a single unit or as an indefinite article, similar to 'a' or 'an' in English. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ree
Translations: to hand, by hand, in hand, with hand, by the hand, in the hand, with the hand
Notes: This word refers to the hand, and in this inflected form, it indicates location or means. It is often used to express 'in the hand,' 'by hand,' or 'with the hand,' signifying possession, control, or the instrument by which an action is performed. For example, 'in the hand of God' or 'by the hand of a prophet'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POI-ei
Translations: he was doing, he was making, he was performing, he was producing
Notes: This word describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It means 'to do', 'to make', 'to perform', or 'to produce'. It is often used to describe someone's continuous activity or a repeated action in a past context.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G2902
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-RAH-tei
Translations: he was holding, she was holding, it was holding, he was ruling, she was ruling, it was ruling, he was prevailing, she was prevailing, it was prevailing, he was strong, she was strong, it was strong
Notes: This word describes an action of holding, ruling, or prevailing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It indicates a continuous state of power, control, or strength. For example, it could be used to say 'he was holding the rope' or 'he was ruling the city'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ
G0991
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boh-LEE-dah
Translations: a dart, a javelin, an arrow
Notes: This word refers to a missile weapon, such as a dart, javelin, or arrow. It is typically thrown or shot from a bow and is used in warfare or hunting. In the provided context, it refers to instruments of divine judgment, like arrows of famine.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΕΛΟΣ, ΔΟΡΥ, ΑΚΩΝ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-DO-moy
Translations: builders, house-builders, masons
Notes: This word refers to those who construct buildings, such as house-builders, masons, or architects. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δόμος' (domos), meaning 'building' or 'structure', or from the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build a house'. It is used to describe individuals engaged in the act of construction.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΤΩΝΕΣ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΟΣ (oikodomos) is a compound word derived from the Greek noun οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling', and the root of the verb δέμω (demō), meaning 'to build'. Thus, it literally means 'house-builder'.
G4501
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: rom-FIE-an
Translations: sword, a sword, saber, a saber
Notes: This word refers to a large, broad sword, often associated with a piercing or thrusting weapon. It is typically used in contexts of warfare, judgment, or divine retribution, symbolizing power, destruction, or separation. It can also refer to a saber or a large knife.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΞΙΦΟΣ
Etymology: The word is of Thracian origin, referring to a type of sword or spear used by the Thracians.
G2223
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-ZOH-smeh-nos
Translations: girded, having girded, wearing a belt, equipped
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been girded' or 'girded'. It describes someone who has put on a belt or girdle, often implying readiness for action or work. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'equipped' or 'prepared'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ
G3751
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oss-FOON
Translations: loins, a loin, waist, hip
Notes: This word refers to the loins, the part of the body between the ribs and the hips, often associated with strength, procreation, or the seat of one's being. It can also refer to the waist or hip area. In ancient contexts, it was sometimes used metaphorically to denote strength or readiness.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOO-san
Translations: building, constructing, edifying, establishing
Notes: This word describes the act of building or constructing something, whether literally a physical structure or figuratively, like building up a community or a person's character (edifying). It can also refer to establishing or strengthening something. In this form, it indicates an ongoing action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
G4536
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: sal-PIZ-ohn
Translations: blowing a trumpet, trumpeting, sounding a trumpet
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is blowing a trumpet' or 'the one who trumpets'. It describes an ongoing action of sounding a trumpet. It can function adjectivally (describing a noun) or substantivally (acting as a noun, e.g., 'the trumpeter').
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present Active Participle
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G2767
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: keh-ra-TEE-nay
Translations: horn, trumpet, a horn, a trumpet
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'made of horn' or 'horned'. It is often used as a noun to refer to a 'horn' or a 'horn-trumpet', which is a musical instrument made from an animal horn. In the provided context, it clearly refers to a trumpet or shofar, an instrument used for signaling or making announcements.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΑΛΠΙΓΞ, ΒΥΚΑΝΗ
Etymology: The word 'κερατίνη' is derived from the Greek noun 'κέρας' (keras), meaning 'horn'. It describes something pertaining to or made of horn.
G0758
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-khon-tas
Translations: ruler, a ruler, prince, a prince, chief, a chief, magistrate, a magistrate, official, an official
Notes: This word refers to a ruler, prince, chief, or magistrate. It is used to describe someone in a position of authority or power, often a leader in a community or government. It can be used in a general sense for any person holding a position of command or influence.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ
G4116
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PLAH-too
Translations: broad, wide, spacious, a broad, a wide, a spacious
Notes: This word describes something as being broad, wide, or spacious. It can refer to physical dimensions, like a wide road or a spacious place. It is often used to describe something that is not narrow or restricted.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΡΥΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to spread out'. It is related to the verb 'πλατύνω' (platynō), meaning 'to broaden' or 'to enlarge'.
G4650
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: skor-PIH-zoh-meh-tha
Translations: we are scattered, we are dispersed, we are spread out
Notes: This word describes the action of being scattered or dispersed. It is used when a group of people or things are spread out in different directions, often involuntarily. For example, a crowd might be scattered by an event, or sheep might be scattered by a predator. It implies a state of being spread apart rather than gathered together.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΕΙΡΩ
G3112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: mah-KRAHN
Translations: far, far away, a long way off, at a distance
Notes: This word means 'far' or 'at a distance'. It is used to indicate a significant spatial separation between objects or locations. It can also sometimes refer to a long period of time, meaning 'for a long time' or 'long ago'.
Inflection: Adverbial accusative feminine singular of ΜΑΚΡΟΣ
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΑΠΩΘΕΝ
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOO
Translations: (of) a brother, (of) the brother, (of) a fellow believer, (of) the fellow believer, (of) a kinsman
Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, or more broadly, a fellow human being, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΔΟΥΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poh
Translations: to a place, in a place, at a place, a place
Notes: This word refers to a specific location, area, or region. It is often used to indicate where an action takes place or where something is situated. In the provided examples, it is used with the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', to denote a specific location.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-KOO-seh-teh
Translations: you hear, you listen, you obey, you understand
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear,' 'to listen,' 'to obey,' or 'to understand.' It is often used in the context of hearing a message or a voice, and can imply not just the act of perceiving sound, but also the act of heeding or obeying what is heard. It is a common verb in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΕΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAYN
Translations: voice, a voice, sound, a sound, report, a report
Notes: This word refers to a voice, sound, or report. It is often used to describe the sound produced by a living being, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal. It can also refer to a general sound or noise, or a message or report that is heard.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ, ΛΑΛΙΑ
G2767
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-rah-TEE-nays
Translations: of a horn, of a trumpet
Notes: This word refers to something made of horn or resembling a horn. In the provided context, it is used to describe the sound of a trumpet or horn, implying the instrument itself. It is often used to refer to a musical instrument made from a horn, such as a trumpet or shofar.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΑΛΠΙΓΓΟΣ, ΚΕΡΑΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek word κέρας (keras), meaning 'horn'. It refers to something made of or resembling a horn.
G1563
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY
Translations: there, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'there' or 'in that place'. It is used to indicate a specific location that has been previously mentioned or is understood from the context. It can describe where an action takes place or where something is situated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΘΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *eke- (that, there).
G4863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-akh-THEH-seh-stheh
Translations: you will be gathered, you will be assembled, you will be collected
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be gathered together' or 'to be assembled'. It describes a future action where a group of people or things will be brought together. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring).
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ
G4170
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: po-le-MAY-see
Translations: he will make war, he will fight, he will contend
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to make war' or 'to fight'. It is used to describe an action that will happen in the future, specifically by a single male or a singular entity. For example, 'The king will fight' or 'He will make war'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΜΑΧΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-OON-tes
Translations: doing, making, performing, practicing, those who do, those who make
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are making' something, often implying a continuous or habitual action.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G2902
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kra-TOON-tes
Translations: holding, holding fast, seizing, grasping, ruling, governing, prevailing, overcoming, being in power, those holding, those holding fast, those seizing, those grasping, those ruling, those governing, those prevailing, those overcoming, those being in power
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'krateō'. It describes someone who is actively holding, seizing, ruling, or prevailing. It can be used to describe people who are in a position of power or control, or who are actively maintaining a grip on something, whether literally or figuratively. It often implies strength, authority, or mastery.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: From κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, might'. The verb κρατέω means 'to be strong, to rule, to prevail'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G0305
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-NAH-bah-seh-ohs
Translations: of ascent, of going up, of a way up, of a rising
Notes: This word refers to the act of going up, an ascent, or a way leading upwards. It can describe a physical movement upwards, like climbing a hill, or a metaphorical rising. It is often used in contexts describing a path or a structure that facilitates upward movement.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΔΟΣ, ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G3722
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OR-throo
Translations: of dawn, of early morning, dawn, early morning
Notes: This word refers to the time just before sunrise, the early morning twilight. It is often used to indicate an action that takes place at the very beginning of the day.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΡΩΪ, ΕΩΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to words meaning 'to rise' or 'to be erect'.
G1841
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EX-oh-doo
Translations: of departure, of going out, of exodus, of exit, of end, of death
Notes: This word refers to a going out, a departure, or an exit. It can also refer to the end of something, or even metaphorically to death as a departure from life. It is used to describe the act of leaving a place or situation.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΤΕΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔξοδος (exodos), a compound word formed from ἐκ (ek, "out of") and ὁδός (hodos, "way, path, journey").
G0792
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AS-tron
Translations: (of) stars
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the Koine Greek noun "ἀστήρ" (astēr), meaning "star." It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to "of stars" or "belonging to stars." For example, one might speak of "the light of the stars" or "among the stars."
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΩΣΤΗΡ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'star'. It is related to words for 'star' in many other Indo-European languages.
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kahee-ROH
Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh
Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
G2992
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lah-OH
Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation
Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").
G0835
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ow-LIH-sthay-teh
Translations: lodge, spend the night, dwell, abide, encamp
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to lodge, spend the night, or dwell. It implies taking up temporary residence, often outdoors or in a simple shelter, like a sheepfold or a camp. It can also refer to abiding or encamping.
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΣΚΗΝΟΩ
G3319
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-soh
Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the midst (of), (in the) middle (of), (among), (between)
Notes: This word refers to the middle or center of something. It is often used in a prepositional phrase, such as 'in the midst of' or 'among', indicating a position surrounded by others. It can also describe something that is intermediate or in between two points.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΣΩ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-TOH
Translations: let him be, let it be, be it, let her be
Notes: This word is the third person singular present active imperative form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to express a command, permission, or a wish for something to happen or for someone to be in a certain state. It can be translated as 'let him/her/it be' or simply 'be it'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G3571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NYX
Translations: night, a night
Notes: This word refers to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. It is commonly used to denote the time when the sun is not visible, often associated with sleep, darkness, or the absence of light. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a period of obscurity or trouble.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΕΣΠΕΡΑ
Etymology: This word comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'night'. It is cognate with words for 'night' in many other Indo-European languages, such as Latin 'nox' and English 'night'.
G4385
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-foo-la-KAY
Translations: guard, a guard, outpost, a watch, a watch post, a picket, a picket line
Notes: This word refers to a guard, a watch, or an outpost, often in a military context. It can describe a person or a group of people stationed to protect or observe, or the place where they are stationed. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'φυλακή' (phylakē), meaning 'a guarding' or 'a watch'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ
Etymology: From πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and φυλακή (phylakē), meaning 'a guarding' or 'a watch'.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-MEH-rah
Translations: day, a day, time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a day, which can mean either a 24-hour period or the daylight portion of a day, as opposed to night. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a specific time, season, or period. It is commonly used to mark the passage of time or to refer to a particular point in time.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'warm' or 'hot', referring to the warmth of the day.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-main
Translations: I was, I used to be
Notes: This word is the first person singular imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It describes an ongoing or continuous action in the past, or a state of being that existed over a period of time in the past. It is used to state what someone was or what their condition was.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G0435
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-dres
Translations: men
Notes: This word means 'men' and is the plural form of 'man'. It refers to adult male human beings. In Koine Greek, it is often used generally to refer to people, especially in a collective sense, or specifically to males.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΙ
G4385
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-fy-LA-kays
Translations: of a guard, of a watch, of a garrison, of a guard-post
Notes: This word refers to a guard, a watch, or a garrison. It can also denote the act of guarding or a place where a guard is stationed, such as a guard-post. It is used to describe something belonging to or associated with a guard or watch.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G1562
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-dee-DYS-koh-meh-nos
Translations: taking off, stripping off, putting off, undressing, divesting oneself
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δύνω (dynō), meaning 'to enter' or 'to put on'. In this form, it means 'to take off' or 'to strip off', often referring to clothing or something that covers. It describes the action of removing something from oneself or another, implying a complete divestment. The form given is a present middle/passive participle, indicating an ongoing action where the subject is either performing the action on themselves or having it done to them.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΥΩ, ΕΚΔΥΝΩ
G2440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah
Translations: garments, clothes, raiment
Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.
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