2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-LOO-sas

Translations: having destroyed, having overthrown, having pulled down, having abolished, having dissolved, having lodged, having broken up, having put an end to, having brought to naught

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katalyō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating someone or something that has performed the action of destroying, overthrowing, dissolving, or bringing to an end. It can also mean to lodge or take lodging, especially in a house or inn, or to break up a journey. The specific meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΑΤΩΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΛΥΩ (lyō), meaning 'to loose', 'to untie', or 'to set free'. Together, they convey the sense of loosening down, breaking down, or dissolving.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4280

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: pro-ee-REE-may-non

Translations: aforementioned, aforesaid, previously mentioned, that which has been said before, the aforementioned thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'that which has been said before' or 'the aforementioned'. It functions adjectivally to describe something that has already been mentioned or spoken about. It is often used to refer back to a person, place, or thing that was previously introduced in the text.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΝ

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-stee-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having appointed, having set up, having established, having made, having put in charge

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to set down, appoint, establish, or put someone in charge. As a participle, it describes an action completed by the subject before the main verb of the sentence, often translated as 'having appointed' or 'having established'. It can be used in various contexts, such as appointing officials, establishing laws, or setting up a structure.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The combination implies setting something down or establishing it firmly.

G5053

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lev-TAN

Translations: to end, to finish, to die, to complete, to bring to an end

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or reaching a conclusion. It can also refer to the act of dying or passing away. It is often used in contexts where a process or life reaches its final point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from the noun τέλος (telos), meaning "end" or "completion." It signifies the act of reaching that end or completion.

G3331

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-tah-peh-SOO-sees

Translations: having fallen, having changed, having been overthrown, having been transferred, having been altered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'metapiptō', meaning 'to fall differently', 'to change', 'to be overthrown', or 'to be transferred'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating a state of having fallen or changed. It is often used to describe a shift in power, status, or condition, such as a kingdom or rule being overthrown or transferred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-go-nos

Translations: Antigonus

Notes: Antigonus is a common Greek proper name, most notably associated with several Hellenistic kings and generals, particularly Antigonus I Monophthalmus, a general of Alexander the Great and founder of the Antigonid dynasty. It is used to refer to a specific individual named Antigonus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antigonus is a compound of two Greek words: ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and γόνος (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'. Thus, the name can be interpreted as 'instead of his father' or 'worthy of his father'.

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-krah-TEH-ee

Translations: prevails, rules over, masters, overcomes, dominates, is strong, is in power

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to rule'. Together, it means to prevail over, to gain mastery over, or to hold power. It is used to describe a situation where one thing or person exerts control or dominance over another, often implying a successful overcoming of opposition.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: loo-SEE-ma-khos

Translations: Lysimachus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. Lysimachus was a prominent figure in ancient history, one of the Diadochi (successors) of Alexander the Great, who became king of Thrace and Macedonia. The name itself means 'battle-ending' or 'one who ends strife'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Lysimachus is of Greek origin, derived from the words 'λύσις' (lysis), meaning 'a loosening, release, deliverance', and 'μάχη' (machē), meaning 'battle, fight'. Thus, it means 'battle-ending' or 'one who ends strife'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1670

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hel-lay-SPON-ton

Translations: Hellespont

Notes: This word refers to the Hellespont, a narrow strait in northwestern Turkey connecting the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara. It is a significant geographical feature in ancient history, often mentioned in accounts of military campaigns and mythological narratives. In this form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Hellespont" is derived from Greek mythology, referring to Helle, a daughter of Athamas, who drowned there. The second part, "pontos," means "sea."

G1260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EYE-pen

Translations: he spoke, he declared, he said, he told

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb διαλέγω (dialegō), meaning 'to speak through' or 'to declare fully'. It describes an action of speaking or declaring that occurred in the past and was completed. It can be used to indicate that someone spoke or stated something definitively.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΕΝ, ΕΙΠΕΝ, ΕΦΗ

Etymology: The word διαλέγω (dialegō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. The combination suggests speaking through or discussing.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-do-NEE-ahn

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: This word refers to Macedonia, a historical and geographical region in the Balkan Peninsula. In ancient times, it was a powerful kingdom that rose to prominence under Philip II and his son Alexander the Great. It is often mentioned in historical and biblical texts, particularly in the New Testament, as a region where early Christian communities were established.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, derived from the Greek word 'μακεδνός' (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the stature of its inhabitants or the mountainous nature of the region.

G4714

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: stah-see-AH-zon-ton

Translations: of those who are in dissension, of those who are in rebellion, of those who are in conflict, of those who are at variance

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'stasiazo,' meaning 'to be in dissension, to rebel, to be at variance.' As a genitive plural participle, it describes the state or action of multiple individuals who are engaged in conflict or disagreement. It is often used to indicate the cause or circumstance of an event, such as 'because they were in conflict' or 'while they were rebelling.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕΡΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G5389

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: fee-loh-tee-MOO-meh-nohn

Translations: being ambitious, striving for honor, being zealous, contending, showing eagerness, vying with each other

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'philos' (friend, loving) and 'timē' (honor, value). It describes the act of being ambitious, striving for honor, or showing eagerness and zeal. In the provided context, it suggests a competitive striving or vying with one another, often for a position or advantage. It can imply a positive sense of honorable ambition or a more negative sense of contentious rivalry.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G4912

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: soon-EH-khace

Translations: continuous, constant, pressing, holding together, afflicting, distressed, constrained, urgent

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ΣΥΝΕΧΩ (synechō), which means 'to hold together,' 'to constrain,' 'to press upon,' or 'to afflict.' As an adjective, it describes something that is continuous, constant, or urgent. It can also function as a participle, indicating an ongoing action of holding, pressing, or afflicting. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.'

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Present Active Participle; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Adjective

Synonyms: ΑΔΙΑΛΕΙΠΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΜΟΝΟΣ, ΔΙΑΠΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΧΩ is derived from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.' This combination conveys the sense of holding or keeping things together, or of being held or pressed upon.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GIG-nes-thai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be born, to be made

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the process of coming into being, happening, or being made. It is often used to describe events unfolding, changes occurring, or the state of something coming into existence. It can also mean 'to be born' or 'to be produced'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΙΝ

G2553

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-koh-pa-THEIN

Translations: to suffer hardship, to endure affliction, to suffer evil, to be ill-treated

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to suffer hardship' or 'to endure affliction'. It describes the act of experiencing difficulties, troubles, or suffering. It is often used to convey the idea of patiently bearing up under adverse circumstances or being ill-treated.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΘΕΙΝ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΙΝ, ΚΑΚΟΥΧΕΙΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ is a compound word formed from two Greek elements: ΚΑΚΟΣ (KAKOS), meaning 'bad' or 'evil', and ΠΑΘΟΣ (PATHOS), meaning 'suffering' or 'experience'. Thus, it literally means 'to suffer badly' or 'to experience evil'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0073

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GOH-sin

Translations: to a contest, to a struggle, to a fight, to a race, to an assembly, to a gathering, to a trial, to a conflict

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'agōn'. It refers to a gathering, assembly, or a place of contest, such as a stadium or arena. It can also denote the contest or struggle itself, like a race, fight, or a legal trial. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or purpose of an action related to such a contest or gathering.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΘΛΟΝ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΕΡΙΣ

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-BAL-lain

Translations: to throw away, to cast off, to lose, to reject, to abandon

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (away from) and the verb 'βάλλω' (to throw). It means to throw something away, to cast it off, or to lose it. It can also imply rejecting or abandoning something or someone. For example, one might 'throw away' a garment, 'lose' a possession, or 'reject' an idea.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ, ἈΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb βάλλω (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4990

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: so-TEE-ros

Translations: of a savior, of the Savior, of a deliverer, of the Deliverer, of a preserver, of the Preserver

Notes: This word refers to a savior, deliverer, or preserver. It is used to describe someone who brings salvation, rescue, or safety. In a religious context, it often refers to God or Jesus Christ as the ultimate Savior. It is typically used in a genitive construction, indicating possession or origin, such as 'the power of the Savior' or 'from the Savior'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΥΣΤΗΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΤΗΣ, ΣΩΖΩΝ

G5537

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khray-ma-TEE-zon-tos

Translations: (of) one who is warned, (of) one who is instructed, (of) one who is called by God, (of) one who transacts business, (of) one who bears a name

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'chrematizo'. It can refer to someone who receives a divine warning or instruction, often from God. It can also mean to transact business or to be called by a certain name or title. In the provided form, it is in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΟΝΤΟΣ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΝΤΟΣ

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: TA-nan-TEE-ah

Translations: the opposite things, the adversaries, the opponents

Notes: This word is a crasis (contraction) of the neuter plural definite article ΤΑ (the) and the adjective/noun ἘΝΑΝΤΙΑ (opposite, opposing, adversaries). It refers to things that are opposite or contrary, or to people who are adversaries or opponents. It is used to denote opposition or contradiction.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: The root word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ (enantios) comes from ἘΝ (en, 'in') and ἈΝΤΙ (anti, 'against'). It literally means 'in opposition to' or 'facing against'.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1942

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-KLEE-say

Translations: (to) invocation, (to) appeal, (to) surname, (to) appellation, an invocation, an appeal

Notes: This word refers to the act of calling upon someone or something, an invocation, or an appeal. It can also denote a name or title given to someone, a surname or appellation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, over') and κλῆσις (klēsis, 'a calling'). It is used in contexts where one is calling upon a higher power, making a formal request, or referring to a specific name or designation.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΣΙΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΣΙΣ

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TES-kheh

Translations: held, possessed, restrained, occupied, seized, took possession of, kept, detained

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, which is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΕΧΩ (to have, hold). It generally means to hold down, hold fast, possess, or restrain. It can be used in various contexts, such as holding onto something, occupying a place, or restraining someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KHRAY-sah-meh-nos

Translations: using, having used, employing, having employed, dealing with, having dealt with

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who is 'using' or 'having used' something, or 'employing' or 'having employed' a method or resource. It can also imply 'dealing with' or 'having dealt with' a situation or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: The word χράομαι (chraomai) comes from an earlier form χράω (chraō), meaning 'to furnish what is needful'. It is related to χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand', suggesting the idea of handling or dealing with something.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G0292

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-my-no-MEH-non

Translations: of those defending, of those warding off, of those assisting, of those avenging

Notes: This word is a genitive plural middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ἀμύνω'. It refers to 'those who are defending themselves', 'those who are warding off an attack', or 'those who are assisting/avenging'. The middle voice indicates that the action is performed by the subject for their own benefit or on themselves.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Middle or Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ἈΛΕΞΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἀμύνω (amynō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- 'to project, to stand out'. It originally meant 'to keep off, ward off'.

G5282

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-NO-oon

Translations: they supposed, they suspected, they surmised, they thought, they imagined

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to suppose, suspect, surmise, or imagine. It describes the act of forming an opinion or belief based on incomplete evidence or intuition. It is often used to express what someone thought or believed, especially when that thought or belief might be incorrect or unconfirmed.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ὑπονοέω (hyponeoeō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'secretly', and νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive, think, or understand'. Thus, it literally means 'to think secretly' or 'to think under the surface'.

G4165

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-on

Translations: enemy, hostile, an enemy, a hostile thing, adversary

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is hostile, adversarial, or an enemy. It is often used to refer to an opponent in conflict or someone who is unfriendly. It can be used substantively to mean 'an enemy' or 'an adversary'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek word πόλεμος (polemos), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. Thus, it refers to that which pertains to war or an enemy.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0422

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-noo-POP-ton

Translations: unsuspecting, unsuspected, unfeigned, without suspicion, a thing unsuspected

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is not suspected, or is free from suspicion. It can also refer to a state of being unsuspecting or guileless. It is often used to describe actions or intentions that are genuine and not deceitful.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΚΑΚΟΣ, ΑΠΛΟΥΣ, ΑΔΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'un-') and ῠ̔πόπτος (hypoptos, 'suspected, suspicious'). Thus, it literally means 'unsuspected' or 'not under suspicion'.

G0692

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GHEE-ah

Translations: idleness, inactivity, a lack of work, a lack of business

Notes: This word refers to a state of idleness, inactivity, or being without work or business. It can imply a lack of diligence or a state of being unemployed. It is often used to describe a negative quality, suggesting laziness or a failure to engage in productive activity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΡΑΞΙΑ, ἈΝΕΡΓΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀργός (argos), meaning 'idle, inactive, unemployed', which is a compound of ἀ- (a-, 'not') and ἔργον (ergon, 'work'). Thus, it literally means 'without work'.

G4461

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rah-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: indifference, carelessness, idleness, negligence, ease, a life of ease

Notes: This word refers to a state of being careless, indifferent, or negligent, often leading to idleness or a lack of effort. It can describe a relaxed attitude that borders on apathy or a life characterized by ease and a lack of concern for responsibilities. It is typically used in a negative sense, implying a failure to act diligently.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΙΑ, ΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ, ΝΩΘΡΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek adjective ῥάθυμος (rhathumos), meaning 'careless, idle', which is a compound of ῥᾷος (rhaos), 'easy', and θυμός (thumos), 'spirit, passion'. Thus, it literally means 'easy-spirited' or 'easy-minded', referring to a disposition that avoids effort or concern.

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TIN-khan-ON-ton

Translations: obtaining, having obtained, happening, occurring, meeting, falling upon, receiving, getting, gaining, experiencing, reaching, attaining

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter present active participle of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It means 'to obtain', 'to happen', 'to meet', or 'to receive'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb, often translated as 'those who are obtaining', 'of those who are happening', or 'of those who are receiving'. It can also imply 'by chance' or 'by accident' in some contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *tewg- ('to strike, push, hit'). In ancient Greek, it evolved to mean 'to hit the mark', then 'to obtain' or 'to happen'.

G1468

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eng-KRAH-tays

Translations: self-controlled, temperate, continent, master of, in possession of, a self-controlled person

Notes: This word describes someone who has mastery over themselves, particularly their desires, passions, or appetites. It implies self-control, temperance, or continence. It can also be used to mean being 'in possession of' or 'master of' something, indicating a firm grasp or control over an object or situation.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΩΝ, ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'having power within' or 'having power over oneself'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GIG-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is born, comes into being, is made, arises

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'gignomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', 'to be born', or 'to come into being'. It describes a process of change or occurrence, rather than a static state of being. It can be used to indicate that something comes into existence, takes place, or transforms into something else. For example, 'it becomes' or 'it happens'.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΓΝΟΜΑΙ (gignomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, to beget, to give birth'. It is related to words meaning 'kin' or 'generation'.

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-khen

Translations: began, was beginning, ruled, was ruling, led, was leading

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ἄρχω' (archo). It means 'he/she/it began', 'he/she/it was beginning', 'he/she/it ruled', 'he/she/it was ruling', 'he/she/it led', or 'he/she/it was leading'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, repeated, or continuous action in the past. It can describe someone starting an action, or someone being in a position of authority or leadership.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἄρχω (archo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ergʰ-, meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mar-too-REH-ee

Translations: bears witness, testifies, gives evidence, confirms, attests

Notes: This verb means to bear witness, to testify, or to give evidence. It is used to describe someone who provides a statement or confirms a fact, often based on personal knowledge or experience. It can also mean to confirm or attest to something. For example, 'He testifies to the truth' or 'The evidence confirms his story.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-thar-KHEE-dees

Translations: Agatharchides

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Agatharchides of Cnidus, a Greek historian and geographer who lived in the 2nd century BC. He is known for his writings on the history of the Diadochi (successors of Alexander the Great) and his geographical works, particularly on the Red Sea. The name itself is a compound word, meaning 'son of Agatharchos' or 'descendant of Agatharchos'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Ἀγαθαρχίδης (Agatharchides) is a patronymic, meaning 'son of Agatharchos'. It is derived from the Greek name Ἀγάθαρχος (Agatharchos), which is a compound of ἀγαθός (agathos, meaning 'good') and ἀρχός (archos, meaning 'leader' or 'ruler').

G1245

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-DOKH-ohn

Translations: of successors, of heirs, of those who follow

Notes: This word refers to those who follow in succession, such as heirs, successors to a throne or office, or those who come after in a sequence. It is used to describe a group of people who take the place of others.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΩΝ, ΕΠΙΓΟΝΩΝ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'after', and δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive'. It literally means 'one who receives in succession'.

G4794

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-grap-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having written, having compiled, having composed, having recorded

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having written together' or 'having compiled/composed'. It describes someone who has completed the action of writing or compiling something, often with the sense of putting together a document, book, or record. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating the subject performed the action for themselves or in their own interest.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Middle, Participle

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΨΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΙΗΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G3679

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oh-ney-DIH-zohn

Translations: reproaching, reviling, insulting, upbraiding, casting in one's teeth

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who reproaches' or 'reproaching'. It describes the action of someone who is currently reproaching, reviling, or insulting another. It is often used to describe verbal abuse or strong criticism directed at someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩΝ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΩΝ, ΕΠΙΠΛΗΤΤΩΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὄνειδος (oneidos, 'reproach, blame, disgrace') + -ίζω (-izō, verbal suffix).

G1175

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: day-see-day-mo-NEE-an

Translations: superstition, a superstition, religious fear, reverence

Notes: This word refers to superstition or religious fear. It is a compound word formed from 'δείδω' (deidō), meaning 'to fear', and 'δαίμων' (daimōn), meaning 'a deity' or 'a demon'. It can be used in a positive sense to mean reverence or respect for the divine, but more commonly in a negative sense to mean excessive or irrational fear of the gods, leading to superstitious practices. In the provided context, it refers to the superstitious practices of the Jews.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΙΑ, ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΑ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, a thing said, a thing spoken

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being said, spoken, or called. It can refer to a statement, a saying, or something that is being referred to or named.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΑΜΕΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G5237

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-EYE-don

Translations: overlooked, disregarded, neglected, despised

Notes: This verb means to overlook, disregard, or neglect. It implies a failure to pay attention to something or someone, often with a sense of indifference or contempt. It can be used to describe ignoring a person's needs or failing to observe a command or law.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΡΑΩ, ΑΜΕΛΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΕΡΕΟΡΑΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and the verb ΟΡΑΩ (horaō), meaning 'to see'. Thus, it literally means 'to see over' or 'to look beyond', leading to the sense of overlooking or disregarding.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G2309

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: the-LEE-san-tes

Translations: having willed, having desired, having wished, having wanted, those who willed, those who desired

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'θέλω' (thelo), meaning 'to will,' 'to wish,' or 'to desire.' As a participle, it describes someone who has already performed the action of willing or desiring. It functions like an adjective or adverb, often translated as 'having willed' or 'those who willed,' indicating a completed action that precedes or accompanies the main verb of a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G0171

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-KAI-ron

Translations: unseasonable, untimely, out of season, inconvenient, a wrong time, an improper time

Notes: This word describes something that is not timely, appropriate, or convenient. It refers to an action or event that occurs at the wrong moment or is ill-suited for the circumstances. It can be used to describe a person who acts at an inappropriate time or a situation that is inopportune.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ, ἈΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΟΣ, ἈΚΑΤΑΛΛΗΛΟΣ

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-LEH-pon

Translations: difficult, hard, severe, fierce, dangerous, grievous, a difficult thing, a hard thing

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something that is difficult, hard to bear, dangerous, or severe. It can refer to things that are physically challenging, emotionally distressing, or morally objectionable. It is often used to describe situations, tasks, or even people who are harsh or fierce.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to χαλός (chalos), meaning 'loose' or 'slack', implying something that is not easily loosened or overcome.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G4540

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-ray-TEE-doss

Translations: of a Samaritan woman, of Samaria, of the Samaritan region

Notes: This word refers to something or someone belonging to Samaria or a Samaritan woman. It is often used to describe the region of Samaria or to identify a female inhabitant of that region. It is a compound word derived from 'Samaria' and a suffix indicating origin or belonging.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From Σαμάρεια (Samareia), the name of the city and region, and the suffix -ιτις (-itis) indicating origin or belonging, specifically for a female.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-ri-ZEIN

Translations: Gerizim, Mount Gerizim

Notes: This word refers to Mount Gerizim, a sacred mountain in Samaria. It is often mentioned in historical and religious texts, particularly in the context of the Samaritans who consider it their holy place, in contrast to Jerusalem for the Jews. The phrase 'ἐν Γαριζειν' means 'in Gerizim' or 'on Mount Gerizim'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Gerizim' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the root 'garaz' meaning 'to cut off' or 'to divide'. It refers to the mountain's geographical features or its historical role as a place of division.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tas

Translations: all, every, the whole, everyone

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate the entirety of a group or quantity. In this form, it is the masculine or feminine accusative plural, meaning it refers to 'all' or 'everyone' as the direct object of a verb, or after a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἁ- (ha-), meaning 'together' or 'one and the same', and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It emphasizes the totality or completeness of something.

G0071

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-gah-GOHN

Translations: leading, bringing, taking, having led, having brought, having taken

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ago', meaning 'to lead, bring, or take'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it generally means 'having led', 'having brought', or 'having taken', indicating a completed action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩΝ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ago' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, or move'. It is related to words in various Indo-European languages that convey the idea of leading or moving.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-eg-NOH-kōs

Translations: having known, having recognized, having understood, having learned, having perceived

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'having recognized'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant in the present. It is often used to indicate a full or accurate knowledge, recognition, or understanding of something or someone. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or verbally, indicating a completed action by the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tas

Translations: being, existing, having, possessing, a possession, property, goods, what one has

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to be' or 'to exist'. It describes someone or something that is currently existing, being, or possessing something. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to one's possessions or property. In the provided examples, it describes people 'being' in a certain state or 'having' certain characteristics.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἄρχω (árkhō, 'to begin, to rule'). The combination suggests 'to begin under' or 'to be originally present', evolving to mean 'to exist' or 'to be in a state'.

G4243

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pres-vev-SAH-meh-noh

Translations: to have been an ambassador, to have acted as an ambassador, to have been an elder, to have been an envoy, (to) an ambassador, (to) an elder, (to) an envoy

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πρεσβεύω', meaning 'to be an ambassador' or 'to act as an elder/envoy'. It describes someone who has performed the action of being an ambassador or elder. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative case, often signifying 'to' or 'for' the person who has acted in this capacity.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3163

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MA-khee

Translations: battle, fight, conflict, a battle, a fight, a conflict

Notes: This word refers to a physical combat or a struggle, often involving a clash of opposing forces. It can describe a literal battle or a more general conflict or dispute. It is used to denote an engagement between individuals or groups.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΧΗ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh-, meaning 'to be able, to have power, to fight'. It is related to words signifying strength or combat.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froo-REE-ah

Translations: fortresses, garrisons, guard posts

Notes: This word refers to fortified places, such as a fortress, a castle, or a military post. It can also denote a garrison or a body of troops stationed in such a place. It is used to describe strongholds or secure locations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑΤΑ, ΠΥΡΓΟΙ, ΤΕΙΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ (phrourion) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep watch'. It is related to φρουρός (phrouros), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watchman'.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LOH-khee-sas

Translations: having ambushed, having laid an ambush, having set in ambush

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb καταλοχίζω (katalochizō). It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and λοχίζω (lochizō), meaning 'to lie in wait' or 'to ambush'. The participle describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that someone has performed the act of ambushing or setting an ambush.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΔΡΕΥΣΑΣ, ΛΟΧΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb καταλοχίζω (katalochizō) is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λοχίζω (lochizō), which means 'to lie in wait' or 'to ambush'. The latter is derived from λόχος (lochos), meaning 'an ambush' or 'a company of soldiers'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-sas

Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, who made, who did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made' or 'having done', indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can also be translated as 'making' or 'doing' in certain contexts, or as a relative clause like 'who made' or 'who did'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-the-MEH-noo

Translations: of having placed beside, of having set before, of having committed, of having entrusted, of having offered

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist middle participle of the verb 'paratithēmi'. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject performs the action upon itself or for its own benefit. It means 'to place beside,' 'to set before,' 'to commit,' 'to entrust,' or 'to offer.' For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'of him having committed' or 'of it having been offered.'

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Middle Voice, Genitive Case, Singular, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'paratithēmi' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'para' (παρά), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb 'tithēmi' (τίθημι), meaning 'to place' or 'to put.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to place alongside' or 'to set before.'

G1314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-fyoo-LAX-oh-sin

Translations: they may guard, they may keep, they may preserve, they may protect

Notes: This word means to guard, keep, preserve, or protect thoroughly. It is a compound verb formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep'. It implies a careful and complete act of safeguarding something or someone. It is often used in contexts of maintaining safety, integrity, or adherence to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΣΩΖΩ

Etymology: The word διαφυλάσσω (diaphylassō) is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep'. The root φυλάσσω comes from an older Greek word related to watching or guarding.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G3918

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-GIG-non-toh

Translations: they were present, they were arriving, they were coming alongside

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside, alongside') and the verb γίγνομαι (gignomai, meaning 'to become, to be, to happen'). It means to be present, to arrive, or to come alongside someone or something. It describes an action of coming into presence or arrival, often implying a supportive or accompanying role. In this form, it indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ

G703

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-reh-TAYS

Translations: of virtue, of excellence, of moral goodness, of valor

Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or valor. It describes a quality of high moral standing or outstanding ability, often implying courage or effectiveness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀρετή' (aretē) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἀρή' (arē), meaning 'prayer' or 'curse', or from the root 'ἀρ-' (ar-), meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It evolved to signify excellence of any kind, and later, moral excellence.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-tee-MEE-as

Translations: (of) ambition, (of) a love of honor, (of) a desire for honor, (of) eagerness, (of) zeal

Notes: This word refers to a love of honor, ambition, or a strong desire to achieve something, often with a sense of eagerness or zeal. It is a compound word derived from 'φίλος' (philos, meaning 'dear' or 'loving') and 'τιμή' (timē, meaning 'honor' or 'value'). It can describe a positive drive for excellence or a negative, self-serving ambition.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

G4292

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ka-loo-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) being called forth, (of) being provoked, (of) being challenged, (of) being incited

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'προκαλέω' (prokaleō), meaning 'to call forth,' 'to provoke,' or 'to challenge.' As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or continuous, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to someone or something that is in the process of being called forth, provoked, or challenged.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ

G4714

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STA-sees

Translations: sedition, a sedition, insurrection, an insurrection, riot, a riot, dissension, a dissension, division, a division, revolt, a revolt, standing, a standing, position, a position, party, a party, faction, a faction

Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state of standing. More commonly, it denotes a state of division, dissension, or conflict, often leading to sedition, insurrection, or riot. It can also refer to a party or faction that takes a stand.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΤΑΡΑΧΗ

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G3961

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-tree-on

Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.

G0079

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-GAYN

Translations: conduct, a conduct, way of life, a way of life, training, a training, discipline, a discipline, bringing, a bringing, leading, a leading

Notes: This word refers to a way of life, conduct, or behavior. It can also mean training, discipline, or the act of leading or bringing something. It describes the manner in which one lives or acts, or the process of being educated or guided.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ἀγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, bring, guide'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ETH-ohn

Translations: having gone, having come, going, coming

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who has performed the action of coming or going.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΒΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erǵʰ-, meaning 'to go' or 'to move'. It is related to other words in various Indo-European languages that convey the idea of movement.

G0672

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-SOH-zayn

Translations: to preserve, to keep safe, to save completely, to restore

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb σῴζω (sōzō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve'. Therefore, ἀποσῴζω means 'to save completely', 'to preserve fully', or 'to keep safe from harm'. It implies a thorough and complete act of preservation or salvation, often from a dangerous or destructive situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G4264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-ahee-ROO-meh-noys

Translations: choosing, preferring, purposing, intending, deciding, resolving, selecting, of those choosing, to those choosing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'προαιρέω' (proaireō). It describes someone who is in the process of choosing, preferring, or purposing something. It can also refer to those who have made a decision or resolution. In this inflected form, it functions as a dative plural, indicating 'to/for those who are choosing/preferring/purposing'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΛΕΓΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word προαιρέω (proaireō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Thus, it literally means 'to take before' or 'to choose beforehand'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GIG-non-toh

Translations: they were becoming, they were being, they were happening, they were coming into existence, they were born, they were made

Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative middle/passive, third person plural form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or in progress in the past. It can mean 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be born/made,' depending on the context. The middle/passive voice indicates that the subject is either acting upon itself or receiving the action.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The root 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn

Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G0001

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tohn

Translations: of those who think worthy, of those who deem worthy, of those who demand, of those who ask, of those who claim, of those who expect

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'ἈΞΙΌΩ'. It refers to 'those who consider worthy,' 'those who demand,' or 'those who ask/claim.' It describes a group of people who are in the act of deeming something worthy, demanding something, or asking for something. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'the opinion of those who demand' or 'the rights of those who claim.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΔΕΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΖΗΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G2753