2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-poh-tha-NON-tos

Translations: of having died, of one who died, of a dead one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to die'. It describes someone or something that has died, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. In this genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the one who died' or 'of the dead person'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΟΣ, ΝΕΚΡΟΥ

Etymology: The word ἀποθνῄσκω (apothnēiskō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēiskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix intensifies the meaning, emphasizing the finality of death.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-PHO

Translations: to brother, to a brother, to fellow believer, to a fellow believer, to countryman, to a countryman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it is also commonly used in a broader sense to refer to a fellow countryman, a fellow human being, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is a dative form, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neen

Translations: high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or position of a high priest. It is a compound word, combining 'ἈΡΧΙ' (archi), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', with 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (hierosyne), meaning 'priesthood'. It describes the state or function of being a high priest, often in a religious or ceremonial context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (archierōsynē) is derived from the combination of the prefix ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and the noun ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (hierōsynē), meaning 'priesthood'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAIS

Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave

Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.

G3516

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NAY-pee-os

Translations: infant, a infant, child, a child, babe, a babe, immature, foolish, simple-minded, inexperienced

Notes: This word refers to someone who is an infant or a young child, implying a lack of maturity, understanding, or experience. It can be used literally to describe a baby, or metaphorically to describe someone who is spiritually or intellectually immature, simple-minded, or foolish. It often carries the connotation of being unable to speak or reason fully.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΕΦΟΣ, ΠΑΙΔΙΟΝ, ΑΦΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΝΗΠΙΟΣ (nēpios) is believed to be derived from the negative prefix νη- (nē-, 'not') and ἔπος (epos, 'word'), literally meaning 'not speaking' or 'speechless', referring to the inability of an infant to speak. Over time, it came to signify a child or someone immature.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-LOH-soh-men

Translations: we will make clear, we will show, we will declare, we will reveal

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' 'to declare,' or 'to reveal.' It is used to express an action that will be performed by a group (we) in the future, indicating that they will make something known or evident.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΟΜΕΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ comes from the adjective ΔΗΛΟΣ (delos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear.' It signifies the act of making something visible or clear.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: EK-as-tah

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word is a distributive adjective or pronoun meaning 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual items or persons within a group, emphasizing their distinctness. For example, it can mean 'each person' or 'each thing'. When used with a preposition like 'παρά' (pará), as seen in the examples, 'παρ' ἕκαστα' (par' hekasta) means 'in every respect' or 'continually' or 'on every occasion'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ἕκαστος (hekastos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *se- meaning 'one' or 'apart'. It is an ancient Greek word used to denote individuality within a collective.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOS

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow countryman, kinsman, fellow believer

Notes: This word refers to a brother, either by birth or by a close familial or social bond. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious context. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΝΗΡ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ἙΤΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G0851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fay-REH-thay

Translations: was taken away, was removed, was cut off, was taken from

Notes: This word describes an action that was completed in the past, where something was taken away or removed from someone or something else. It is in the passive voice, meaning the subject of the verb is the one experiencing the action of being taken away, rather than performing the action. It can be used to describe the removal of physical objects, rights, or even abstract concepts.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, seize'). It literally means 'to take away from'.

G4370

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-or-ghis-THEN-tos

Translations: having become angry, having been provoked to anger, having been enraged

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and the verb ὀργίζομαι (orgizomai, 'to become angry'). It describes someone who has become angry or enraged, often implying a strong or intense anger directed towards someone or something. It is used to indicate a state of having been provoked to anger.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΣΘΕΝΤΟΣ, ΘΥΜΩΘΕΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The verb προσοργίζομαι (prosorghizomai) is a compound of πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and ὀργίζομαι (orgizomai), meaning 'to become angry'. The root ὀργίζομαι derives from ὀργή (orgē), meaning 'anger, wrath'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DON-tos

Translations: (of) giving, (of) having given, (of) granting, (of) entrusting

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'didōmi', which means 'to give' or 'to grant'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action of giving or having given. It can be used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun is the one who is giving, or it can function adverbially, describing the circumstances under which an action occurs, often translated as 'when he gave' or 'by giving'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΥΣ, ΔΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-OH-tah-toh

Translations: to the youngest, to the newest, to the latest

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the superlative adjective 'νεώτατος' (neōtatos), meaning 'youngest' or 'newest'. It is used to indicate the recipient or indirect object of an action, referring to the youngest or newest person or thing. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'given to the youngest brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΩ, ΜΙΚΡΟΤΑΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek νέος (néos, “new, young”), from Proto-Hellenic *néwos, from Proto-Indo-European *néwos (“new”).

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-NO-mah

Translations: the name, a name

Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article "τὸ" (to, meaning 'the') and the noun "ὄνομα" (onoma, meaning 'name'). It means "the name" and functions as a singular, neuter noun, typically in the nominative or accusative case. It is used to refer to a specific name or reputation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter (crasis of the definite article and noun)

Etymology: The word ὄνομα (onoma) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'name' in many other Indo-European languages.

G4613

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-MOH-nee

Translations: (to) Simon

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Simon'. Simon was a very common name in the ancient world, particularly among Jews, and is borne by several significant figures in the Bible, including Simon Peter, Simon the Zealot, and Simon of Cyrene. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to Simon' or 'for Simon'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Simon is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Shim'on (שִׁמְעוֹן), meaning 'he has heard' or 'hearing'. It was a very common name among Jews during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SOO-nay

Translations: high priesthood, a high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to the office, dignity, or function of a high priest. It describes the position or status held by a high priest, rather than the person themselves. It is typically used in contexts discussing religious authority or priestly lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ (archiereus), meaning 'high priest', and the suffix -ΣΥΝΗ (-synē), which forms abstract nouns indicating a state, condition, or office. Thus, it literally means 'the state or office of a high priest'.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-dee-LOH-kah-men

Translations: we have shown, we have declared, we have made clear, we have made known

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to show', 'to declare', 'to make clear', or 'to make known'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is used to state that a group of people (we) have already revealed or explained something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΕΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word δηλόω (dēloō) comes from the adjective δῆλος (dēlos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1546

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-lay-THEE

Translations: he was called, she was called, it was called, he was summoned, she was summoned, it was summoned

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be called' or 'to be summoned'. It is the passive voice of the verb 'to call out' or 'to summon'. It describes an action where someone or something is the recipient of a calling or summoning. For example, 'he was called' to a meeting, or 'it was called' by a certain name.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: meh-NEH-lah-oss

Translations: Menelaus

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Menelaus, a prominent figure in Greek mythology, king of Sparta, and husband of Helen of Troy. It can also refer to historical figures with the same name, such as the high priest Menelaus mentioned in 2 Maccabees. It is used as the subject of a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Menelaus is of Ancient Greek origin, meaning 'withstanding the people' or 'leader of the people'. It is derived from 'menos' (strength, spirit) and 'laos' (people).

G4714

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: stah-see-AH-san-tos

Translations: of one who rebelled, of one who revolted, of one who caused a revolt, of one who stirred up sedition

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'stasiazo', meaning 'to rebel', 'to revolt', or 'to cause a revolt'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by someone and functions adjectivally or adverbially. In this genitive form, it refers to 'of one who has rebelled' or 'of one who has caused a revolt', often indicating the cause or agent of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Aorist, Active, Masculine, Genitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΕΩ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'stasiazo' comes from 'stasis' (στάσις), meaning 'a standing', 'a party', or 'sedition'. It describes the act of taking a stand, particularly in opposition or rebellion, leading to a state of conflict or division.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2525

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-stah-THEN-tah

Translations: appointed, established, set over, placed, those appointed, those established

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi), meaning 'to appoint, establish, or set over'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has been appointed or established. It often refers to individuals who have been put in charge or given a specific role.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΔΙΟΡΙΣΘΕΝΤΑΣ, ΧΕΙΡΟΤΟΝΗΘΕΝΤΑΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: meh-neh-LAH-on

Translations: Menelaus

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Menelaus, a legendary king of Sparta in ancient Greek mythology, husband of Helen of Troy, and a central figure in the Trojan War. As a proper noun, it is used to identify this specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Menelaus is of Greek origin, meaning 'withstanding the people' or 'leader of the people'. It is derived from the Greek words μένος (menos, 'strength, spirit, might') and λαός (laos, 'people').

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G1232

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-neh-mee-THEN-tos

Translations: of having been distributed, of having been divided, of having been apportioned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διανέμω', meaning 'to distribute', 'to divide', or 'to apportion'. As a genitive participle, it describes the action of something that has been distributed or divided, often indicating a cause or circumstance. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'because of the distributed goods' or 'after the division of the land'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΕΜΩ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAH-teh-roos

Translations: each of two, both, each side

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'each of two' or 'both'. It is used to refer to two distinct parties or groups, emphasizing that the action or quality applies to both individually. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'he received both sides' or 'he spoke to each of the two'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΟΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of 'ἕκας' (hekas, 'each') and 'ἕτερος' (heteros, 'other').

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

G4822

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: was helping, was assisting, was taking part with, was seizing, was arresting, was conceiving

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν' (together with) and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (to take, seize). It means to take together, to seize, to arrest, to help, or to conceive (in the sense of becoming pregnant). In the provided context, it most likely means 'was helping' or 'was taking part with', indicating support or assistance. It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3993

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poh-noo-MEH-noy

Translations: toiling, laboring, suffering, being distressed, being in pain, being wearied

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'toiling,' 'laboring,' 'suffering,' or 'being distressed.' It describes someone who is actively engaged in hard work, experiencing hardship, or enduring pain. It can be used to describe a state of being worn out or afflicted.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΜΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΠΙΩΝΤΕΣ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΝΕΩ (poneō) comes from the noun ΠΟΝΟΣ (ponos), meaning 'toil,' 'labor,' 'hardship,' or 'pain.' It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *pen- meaning 'to work, toil'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khon

Translations: Antiochus

Notes: Antiochus is a common Greek proper name, frequently used for kings of the Seleucid Empire and other historical figures. In this form, it is the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the person 'Antiochus' is receiving the action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'Ἀντίοχος' (Antíochos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound of 'ἀντί' (antí, 'against, in return for') and 'ἔχω' (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G0340

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-KHO-ray-san

Translations: they withdrew, they departed, they went away, they retired

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō). It means to withdraw, depart, or go away, often implying a movement from one place to another, or a retreat. It can be used to describe people leaving a location, or retreating from a situation.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΧΩΡΕΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναχωρέω (anachōreō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room, go, proceed'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to make room away from'.

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: day-LOON-tes

Translations: showing, making clear, declaring, revealing, explaining, manifesting

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'dēloō', meaning 'to make clear' or 'to show'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with the main verb. It can be translated as 'showing', 'making clear', or 'declaring', indicating someone or something that is in the process of revealing or explaining something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΜΗΝΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΦΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'dēloō' comes from 'dēlos', meaning 'clear' or 'evident'. It is related to 'dēlon', which means 'manifest' or 'obvious'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2641

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes

Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G4174

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-li-TEI-an

Translations: citizenship, a citizenship, commonwealth, a commonwealth, conduct, a conduct, way of life, a way of life

Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state or commonwealth, or one's manner of life and conduct. It can describe the political system of a community or an individual's behavior within that community. In the provided form, it is the accusative singular, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΤΕΥΜΑ, ΒΙΟΣ, ΑΓΩΓΗ

G1902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EP-es-thai

Translations: to follow, to accompany, to pursue, to attend

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes the action of going after someone or something, or being present with them. It can also imply pursuing a goal or consequence. It is often used with the dative case to indicate the person or thing being followed.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἕπω (hepo) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to follow' or 'to go after'.

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KOYS

Translations: royal, kingly, of the king, (to) royal ones, (to) kingly ones, (to) royal things

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly', referring to something that belongs to a king or is characteristic of a king. It can describe people, objects, or concepts associated with royalty. In the provided examples, it modifies 'bibliophylakiois' (archives/treasuries), 'oikonomois' (stewards), and 'thoraxin' (breastplates), indicating that these are 'royal archives', 'royal stewards', and 'royal breastplates'. It is used here in the dative plural case.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. The suffix -ικός (-ikos) is used to form adjectives indicating 'belonging to' or 'pertaining to'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-san

Translations: they called to, they exhorted, they encouraged, they comforted, they appealed to, they pleaded with, they invited

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person plural. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. The verb 'παρακαλέω' generally means to call someone to one's side, and from that, it can take on various meanings depending on the context, such as to exhort, encourage, comfort, appeal to, or invite. It often implies a strong request or a supportive action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-TREP-sai

Translations: to permit, to allow, to entrust, to commit, to give permission

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἘΠΙΤΡΈΠΩ'. It means to give permission, to allow, or to entrust something to someone. It is often used in contexts where authority is granted or a task is committed to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΦΊΗΜΙ, ΔΊΔΩΜΙ, ἘΆΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΤΡΈΠΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΤΡΈΠΩ (trepo), meaning 'to turn'. Together, they convey the idea of turning something over to someone or allowing something to turn in a certain direction.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1125

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: goom-NAH-see-on

Translations: gymnasium, a gymnasium, place of exercise, training ground

Notes: A gymnasium was a public place in ancient Greece where young men trained in physical exercises, often naked. It was also a center for intellectual and social activity, serving as a school or place for philosophical discussions. It could be used in sentences to refer to the physical building or the institution itself.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΣΤΡΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word γυμνός (gymnos), meaning 'naked' or 'unclothed', referring to the practice of exercising in the nude.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

G4784

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soong-khoh-RAY-san-toss

Translations: of having agreed, of having granted, of having permitted, of having allowed, of having pardoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'sygchōreō', meaning to agree with, grant, permit, or pardon. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. In this genitive form, it often indicates the agent or cause of an action, similar to saying 'with the agreement of' or 'after someone has granted'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G0127

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-DOY-ohn

Translations: of private parts, of genitals, of shameful things, of revered things, of modest things

Notes: This word is an adjective that can mean 'modest,' 'revered,' or 'shameful.' In a specific context, especially when used substantively (as a noun), it can refer to 'private parts' or 'genitals.' It describes something that evokes a sense of awe, respect, or shame, often due to its sacred or intimate nature. In the provided example, it clearly refers to the 'private parts' of the body.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑἸΔΩ, ΑἸΣΧΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΔΟΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word αἰδώς (aidōs), meaning 'shame,' 'reverence,' or 'awe.' It describes something that inspires these feelings.

G4061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MEN

Translations: circumcision, a circumcision

Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. In Koine Greek, it often refers to the Jewish practice of circumcision, which was a sign of the covenant with God. It can be used in both a literal sense and a metaphorical sense, referring to a spiritual cleansing or transformation.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: From the Greek verb περιτέμνω (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around'. It is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around', and τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ka-LYP-san

Translations: they covered, they hid, they concealed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb 'καλύπτω' (kalyptō), meaning 'to cover' or 'to hide'. In its inflected form, it means 'they covered' or 'they hid'. It describes the action of placing something over another object or person to conceal it, or to provide protection or shelter. It can be used in contexts where something is physically covered, or where information or a situation is hidden or concealed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G0596

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-DY-sin

Translations: a putting off, a stripping off, a laying aside, putting off, stripping off, laying aside

Notes: This word refers to the act of taking off clothes or, more broadly, the act of stripping off or laying aside something, often metaphorically. It can be used in contexts of removing physical garments or renouncing abstract concepts like sin or old ways of life.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἀποδύω (apodyō), meaning 'to strip off', which is formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'off', and δύω (dyō), meaning 'to enter' or 'to put on'. The combination implies the action of taking something off.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G3965

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pat-ree-AH

Translations: family, clan, lineage, ancestry, a family, a clan

Notes: This word refers to a family, clan, or lineage, emphasizing the descent from a common father or ancestor. It can denote a group of people related by blood, a tribe, or a nation. It is often used in contexts describing genealogical lines or the divisions of a people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to a group descended from a common father or ancestor.

G3937

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-EN-tes

Translations: having let go, having given up, having neglected, having allowed, having passed by, having disregarded, having yielded, having relaxed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρίημι' (pariēmi), meaning 'to let go,' 'to give up,' 'to neglect,' or 'to allow.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, describing an action that has already occurred. It can be used to indicate a preceding action or a state resulting from such an action, often implying a sense of omission, permission, or yielding.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΑΩ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΙΝΩ

G3401

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-mee-MOON-toh

Translations: they were imitating, they imitated, they copied, they were copying

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to imitate' or 'to copy'. It describes the action of emulating someone or something, often by mimicking their behavior, actions, or characteristics. It is used to indicate that a group of people were engaged in the act of imitation in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΙΚΑΖΩ, ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word μιμέομαι (mimeomai) comes from μῖμος (mimos), meaning 'imitator' or 'actor'.

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kho-ROO-ses

Translations: going, proceeding, advancing, making room, containing, having room, spreading, succeeding, making progress

Notes: This word describes the act of moving forward, advancing, or making progress. It can also mean to make room for something, to contain, or to spread out. In a figurative sense, it can refer to things succeeding or going well, as seen in the example usage where 'things proceeding according to plan' or 'the kingdom succeeding' is implied.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the noun χώρα (chōra), meaning 'place' or 'space'. The verb literally means 'to make space' or 'to go into space'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G1231

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EH-gno

Translations: decided, determined, discerned, knew fully, distinguished

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'διαγιγνώσκω' (diagignōskō). It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and 'γιγνώσκω' (gignōskō), meaning 'to know'. Therefore, it means to know thoroughly, to discern, to decide, or to determine after careful consideration. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where someone came to a firm conclusion or made a definitive judgment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-froh-NEH-in

Translations: to despise, to scorn, to disdain, to look down on, to treat with contempt

Notes: This verb means to hold someone or something in contempt, to look down upon them, or to treat them with disregard. It implies a sense of superiority or a lack of respect for the object of the action. It is often used to describe an attitude of contempt towards laws, people, or things considered inferior.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΟΡΑΩ, ΟΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneo), meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'. Thus, it literally means 'to think down upon' or 'to think against'.

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TIN-khan-ON-ton

Translations: obtaining, having obtained, happening, occurring, meeting, falling upon, receiving, getting, gaining, experiencing, reaching, attaining

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter present active participle of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It means 'to obtain', 'to happen', 'to meet', or 'to receive'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb, often translated as 'those who are obtaining', 'of those who are happening', or 'of those who are receiving'. It can also imply 'by chance' or 'by accident' in some contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *tewg- ('to strike, push, hit'). In ancient Greek, it evolved to mean 'to hit the mark', then 'to obtain' or 'to happen'.

G3376

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: may-DEH-poh

Translations: not yet

Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning "not yet." It is used to indicate that something has not happened up to the present time, or that a condition has not yet been met. It emphasizes the continued absence or non-occurrence of an event or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΠΩ, ΟΥΔΕΠΩ

Etymology: Μηδέπω is a compound word formed from the negative particle μηδέ (mēde), meaning "not even, nor," and the enclitic particle πω (pō), meaning "yet, up to this time." It emphasizes the continued negation of an action or state.

G5082

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tay-lee-KOW-tah

Translations: so great, so large, so many, such

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something of such a great size, extent, or number. It emphasizes the magnitude of the noun it modifies, often conveying a sense of wonder or significance. It can be used in sentences like 'such great signs' or 'so many things'.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τηλικοῦτος (tēlikoûtos, “so great, so old”), from τηλίκος (tēlíkos, “of such an age, of such a size”) + οὗτος (hoûtos, “this”).

G1304

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EH-pine

Translations: to manage, to govern, to direct, to administer, to rule, to conduct

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to manage, govern, or direct. It implies overseeing and controlling something, often with authority or skill. It can be used in contexts where someone is in charge of affairs, a household, or a region.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΑΩ, ΔΙΟΙΚΕΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and ἕπω (hepō), meaning 'to be busy with' or 'to be occupied with'. The compound word thus conveys the idea of being thoroughly occupied with managing or directing something.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-nohn

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being strong, of being capable, of those who are able, of those who are powerful, of those who are strong, of those who are capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who are able' or 'of those who are powerful'. It can be used to describe the capabilities or strength of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fee-loh-MAY-toh-rah

Translations: mother-loving, loving his mother, devoted to his mother

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'mother-loving' or 'devoted to one's mother'. It is used to describe someone who has a strong affection for their mother. In the provided context, it appears to be an epithet or surname, likely referring to a king named Ptolemy, indicating his devotion to his mother, or perhaps a queen, indicating her devotion to her children (as 'mother' can sometimes refer to the 'motherland' or 'mother city' in a broader sense, though 'mother-loving' is the primary meaning).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΜΗΤΗΡ (mētēr), meaning 'mother'. It literally means 'mother-loving'.

G1639

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-peh-ree-el-THOHN

Translations: having gone around, having encompassed, having surrounded, having circumvented

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the prepositions 'ek' (out of) and 'peri' (around), and the verb 'erchomai' (to come or go). It describes the action of going around something or someone, often with the implication of encompassing, surrounding, or even circumventing or outwitting. It is used to describe an action that has been completed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΕΛΘΩΝ, ΚΥΚΛΩΣΑΣ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἐκπεριέρχομαι is a compound verb formed from the prepositions ἐκ (ek, 'out of, from'), περί (peri, 'around, about'), and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come, to go'). It literally means 'to go out and around'.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-lam-BAH-nei

Translations: seizes, overtakes, comprehends, grasps, finds, apprehends

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It means to take hold of, to seize, to overtake, or to grasp something, either physically or mentally. It can also mean to find or discover. For example, one might 'overtake' someone on a path, or 'comprehend' a concept.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G2722

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tas-KHOHN

Translations: holding fast, holding back, possessing, restraining, seizing, occupying, detaining, keeping, retaining, taking possession of

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'κατέχω' (katechō). It describes an action of holding, possessing, or restraining that has been completed. It can be used to describe someone who has taken hold of something, occupied a place, or kept something in their possession. It often implies a firm or forceful grip or control.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

G4147

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-lee-OR-kee-ah

Translations: siege, a siege

Notes: This word refers to the act of besieging a city or fortress, or the state of being under siege. It describes the military operation of surrounding a place and cutting off its supplies to compel its surrender. It is a compound word derived from 'πόλις' (polis, city) and 'ἔργον' (ergon, work/deed), literally meaning 'city-work' or 'city-deed'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΟΧΗ, ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb πολιορκέω (poliorkeō, to besiege), which is a compound of πόλις (polis, city) and ἔργον (ergon, work, deed). It literally means 'city-work' or 'city-deed', referring to the act of besieging a city.

G3936

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-ras-tay-SOH-meh-nos

Translations: about to present, about to stand by, about to offer, who will present, who will stand by, who will offer

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi). It means 'about to present,' 'about to stand by,' or 'about to offer.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that will happen in the future, often indicating purpose or consequence. It can be used to describe someone who is going to present themselves or something else, or who is going to stand by someone or something.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Case

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΓΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' Thus, its core meaning relates to standing beside or presenting.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-on-tah

Translations: reigning, ruling, being king, the one reigning, those reigning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βασιλεύω', meaning 'to reign' or 'to rule as king'. As a participle, it describes someone who is currently in the act of reigning or ruling. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one reigning' or 'those who are reigning').

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative, Singular Masculine or Neuter, or Plural Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word βασιλεύω (basileuō) comes from the noun βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. Its origin can be traced back to Mycenaean Greek, where it referred to a chieftain or local official, and later evolved to mean a sovereign ruler.

G5493

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kheh-roh-SOH-meh-nos

Translations: about to subdue, about to conquer, about to master, about to bring into subjection

Notes: This word is a future participle derived from the verb 'χειρόω' (cheiroō), meaning 'to subdue' or 'to conquer'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is about to happen. It indicates someone or something that is on the verge of conquering or gaining mastery over another.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Future, Middle Voice, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΞΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0617

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KROO-sthee

Translations: was repelled, was driven back, was pushed away, was warded off

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb ἀποκρούω (apokrouō). It means to be repelled, driven back, or pushed away. It describes an action that happened in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being pushed or driven away.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΠΩΘΕΩ, ΑΠΕΛΑΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκρούω (apokrouō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κρούω (krouō), meaning 'to strike', 'to knock', or 'to push'. Thus, it literally means 'to strike away' or 'to push away'.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rang-geh-LAHN-tōn

Translations: of those who commanded, of those who instructed, of those who ordered, of those who charged

Notes: This word is a genitive plural active aorist participle of the verb 'παραγγέλλω' (parangellō), meaning 'to command, instruct, order, or charge'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the action of the subject. In this genitive plural form, it typically indicates the source or agent of the command, often translated as 'of those who commanded' or 'by those who ordered'. It implies a past action completed by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pe-KHESTH-ai

Translations: to abstain, to keep oneself from, to refrain from, to hold oneself off

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. In its middle or passive voice, it means 'to hold oneself away from' or 'to abstain from'. It is often used with a genitive case to indicate what one is abstaining from.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀπέχω (apechō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loys

Translations: to others, for others, with others, other, another

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different person or thing from one already mentioned or implied. In this inflected form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'with'. It is a common word used to distinguish one group or item from another.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἄλλος (allos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ay-GAY-so-my

Translations: I will narrate, I will recount, I will declare, I will tell

Notes: This word means to narrate, recount, or declare something in detail. It implies a thorough and complete telling of an event or story. It is used to express the future action of relating information.

Inflection: Future, Middle Voice, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and the verb ἡγέομαι (hegeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead through' or 'to guide through', which evolved into the sense of narrating or recounting something in full detail.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4234

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: prag-ma-TEH-yah

Translations: business, affair, matter, occupation, undertaking, study, diligence, a business, an affair, a matter, an occupation, an undertaking, a study, a diligence

Notes: This word refers to a business, an affair, a matter, or an occupation. It can also denote a diligent study or an undertaking. It describes an activity or concern that requires effort or attention, often in a practical or professional sense.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΥΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πράγμα (pragma), meaning 'a thing done, a fact, a deed', which comes from πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do, to act'. The suffix -τεία indicates an activity or state related to the root.

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: keh-fah-lah-ee-OH-dohs

Translations: summarily, briefly, in sum, in short, in a summary way

Notes: This adverb means 'summarily' or 'briefly'. It is used to describe an action performed in a concise or condensed manner, getting straight to the main points without unnecessary detail. It is often used when presenting information or arguments in a condensed form.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΟΜΩΣ, ΒΡΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΩΔΩΣ is derived from the noun ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ (kephalaion), meaning 'head', 'chapter', or 'sum'. The suffix -ΩΔΩΣ (-ōdōs) forms adverbs indicating 'in the manner of' or 'like'. Thus, it literally means 'in the manner of a summary' or 'in a summary way'.

G1984

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-im-nees-THEYS

Translations: having remembered, having called to mind, having made mention of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epimimnēskō', meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates that someone has brought something to their memory or has mentioned something.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΣΘΕΙΣ, ΑΝΑΜΝΗΣΘΕΙΣ

G0316

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-on

Translations: necessary, important, essential, fitting, a necessary thing

Notes: This word describes something that is necessary, unavoidable, or indispensable. It can also refer to something that is proper, fitting, or closely related, such as a close friend or relative. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it is necessary' or 'it is important'.

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ, ἘΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΣ (anankaios) is derived from the noun ἈΝΑΓΚΗ (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'. It describes that which pertains to or is caused by necessity.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-GAY-sah-meen

Translations: I considered, I thought, I esteemed, I regarded, I led

Notes: This is a verb in the aorist tense, middle voice, first person singular. It means 'I considered' or 'I thought' in the sense of forming an opinion or making a judgment. It can also mean 'I led' or 'I guided' in a past context, indicating a past action of leadership or direction.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ comes from the Greek root ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead'. It developed to signify leading in a broader sense, including leading one's thoughts or opinions.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-kree-BES

Translations: accurate, exact, precise, strict, careful, diligent, a careful, an accurate

Notes: This word describes something that is accurate, exact, or precise. It can refer to a careful or diligent person, or to something done with great care and attention to detail. It is often used to emphasize the thoroughness or exactness of a measurement, observation, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΗΣ, ΕΞΑΚΡΙΒΩΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ

Etymology: The word "ἀκριβής" (akribēs), from which "ἀκριβές" is derived, is thought to come from the Greek prefix "ἀ-" (a-), meaning 'very' or 'intensive,' and "κρίβος" (kribos), which is related to 'judgment' or 'discernment.' Thus, it implies a very precise or discerning quality.

G5262

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-fee-GAY-sees

Translations: guidance, instruction, direction, example, a guidance, an instruction, a direction, an example

Notes: This word refers to the act of leading the way, providing guidance, or giving instruction. It can also denote an example to be followed. It is used to describe the act of showing someone how to do something or providing a model for behavior.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΟΔΗΓΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΔΕΙΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΥΦΗΓΗΣΙΣ (hyphegesis) is derived from the verb ὑφηγοῦμαι (hyphegeomai), meaning 'to lead the way, to guide, to instruct'. It is formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by', and the verb ἡγέομαι (hegeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREP-sas

Translations: having returned, returning, turned back

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to return' or 'to turn back'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, often indicating the subject's movement back to a previous location or state. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated as 'having returned' or 'returning', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G1167

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEH-os

Translations: fear, awe, reverence, dread, a fear, an awe, a reverence, a dread

Notes: ΔΕΟΣ is a neuter noun meaning fear, awe, or reverence. It describes a feeling of profound respect mixed with fear or wonder, often in the presence of something powerful or divine. It can be used to express a sense of dread or terror, but also a respectful awe.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ, ΦΡΙΚΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dwey- meaning 'to fear'. It is related to other Greek words expressing fear or flight.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-strah-TEH-oo-sen

Translations: marched out, went on an expedition, went to war

Notes: This word describes the action of leading an army out, or going forth on a military expedition or campaign. It implies a movement of troops for the purpose of war or conquest. It is typically used in historical or military contexts to describe a king or general setting out with their forces.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἐκ- (ek-), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve in the army'. The root στρατεύω comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1540

Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral

Sounds like: eh-kah-TOS-toh

Translations: hundredth, a hundredth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral adjective meaning 'hundredth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, specifically the one hundredth position. It can modify a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case, as seen in the examples where it modifies 'ἔτει' (year) to mean 'the hundredth year'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ἑκατοστός (hekatostos) is derived from ἑκατόν (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred'. The suffix -στός is used to form ordinal numbers.

G4585

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: seh-LEH-oo-koo

Translations: of Seleucus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Seleucus'. Seleucus was a common name in the Hellenistic period, most notably referring to Seleucus I Nicator, a general of Alexander the Great and founder of the Seleucid Empire. In context, it typically refers to one of the kings named Seleucus.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Seleucus' is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'σέλευκος' (seleukos), meaning 'bright' or 'shining'. It was a common personal name in ancient Greece and particularly prominent among the Hellenistic kings.

G0269

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-mah-KHEE-tee

Translations: without a fight, without battle, unopposed, without resistance

Notes: This word describes an action or event that occurs without any opposition, struggle, or conflict. It indicates that something was achieved easily because there was no one to fight against it. For example, a city might be captured 'without a fight' if the inhabitants surrender immediately.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥ ΜΑΧΗΣ, ΑΝΕΥ ΑΓΩΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΜΑΧΗΤΙ is derived from the adjective ἀμάχητος (amachētos), meaning 'unfightable' or 'invincible', which itself comes from the alpha privative (ἀ-) meaning 'not' and μάχη (machē), meaning 'battle' or 'fight'. The suffix -τι forms adverbs of manner.

G0455

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-NOY-ksan-TON

Translations: of opening, of having opened, of those who opened, of those who have opened

Notes: This is the genitive plural masculine or neuter form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'ἀνοίγω' (anoigō), which means 'to open'. It describes an action that has already occurred. In a sentence, it would typically function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive, meaning 'of those who opened' or 'of the ones who opened'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΟΙΓΟΝΤΩΝ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΞΑΝΤΩΝ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G1468

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eng-KRAH-tays

Translations: self-controlled, temperate, continent, master of, in possession of, a self-controlled person

Notes: This word describes someone who has mastery over themselves, particularly their desires, passions, or appetites. It implies self-control, temperance, or continence. It can also be used to mean being 'in possession of' or 'master of' something, indicating a firm grasp or control over an object or situation.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΦΡΩΝ, ἘΓΚΡΑΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'. Thus, it literally means 'having power within' or 'having power over oneself'.

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pek-TEI-nen

Translations: he killed, she killed, it killed, he slew, she slew, it slew

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποκτείνω (apokteinō), meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes a completed action of killing or slaying, typically referring to a single instance in the past. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κτείνω (kteinō), meaning 'to kill'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: TA-nan-TEE-ah

Translations: the opposite things, the adversaries, the opponents

Notes: This word is a crasis (contraction) of the neuter plural definite article ΤΑ (the) and the adjective/noun ἘΝΑΝΤΙΑ (opposite, opposing, adversaries). It refers to things that are opposite or contrary, or to people who are adversaries or opponents. It is used to denote opposition or contradiction.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: The root word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ (enantios) comes from ἘΝ (en, 'in') and ἈΝΤΙ (anti, 'against'). It literally means 'in opposition to' or 'facing against'.

G5426

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: froh-NOON-tohn

Translations: of those thinking, of those understanding, of those having a mind, of those being minded, of those being wise

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'phroneo', meaning to think, to have understanding, or to be minded in a certain way. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone who is in the act of thinking or having a particular mindset. In this form, it refers to 'those who are thinking' or 'those who are of a certain mind'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word Φρονέω (phroneō) comes from φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It refers to the faculty of thought and understanding.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G4813

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soo-LEE-sas

Translations: having plundered, having robbed, having spoiled, having stripped

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having plundered' or 'having robbed'. It describes an action that was completed before the main action of the sentence, and it is performed by the subject of the clause it modifies. It implies taking possessions or valuables by force, often from a person, place, or temple.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΑΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old verb meaning 'to draw off' or 'to strip'.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen

Translations: returned, went back, came back

Notes: This word means 'returned' or 'went back'. It describes the action of someone or something going back to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEE-tai

Translations: is called, is named, is invited

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present, passive indicative form of the verb 'to call' or 'to name'. It is used to indicate that someone or something is referred to by a particular name or title, or that they are summoned or invited. For example, 'He is called John' or 'It is named Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to shout, to call'. It is related to Latin 'calare' (to call out) and English 'hail'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-pel-LAI-oss

Translations: Apellaios, the month Apellaios

Notes: This word refers to Apellaios, which is the name of a month in the ancient Macedonian calendar. It typically corresponds to parts of November and December in the Gregorian calendar. It is used to denote a specific period of time.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Apellaios' is derived from the Macedonian festival 'Apellaia', which was dedicated to Apollo. It is related to the Doric month name 'Apellaios' and the festival 'Apellaia' celebrated in various Greek regions.

G3648

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-lym-PEE-ah-dee

Translations: (to) Olympiad, (for) Olympiad, (in) an Olympiad, (to) a period of four years

Notes: This word refers to an Olympiad, which is a period of four years, especially as reckoned from the celebration of the Olympic games. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the time when something occurred or the recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', or 'in'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word Ὄλυμπος (Olympus), referring to Mount Olympus, the site of the ancient Olympic Games. It came to denote the four-year period between these games.

G4005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pen-tay-kos-TEE

Translations: Pentecost, a Pentecost, fiftieth

Notes: This word refers to the fiftieth day, specifically the Jewish Feast of Weeks, which occurred fifty days after Passover. It is also known as Pentecost in Christian tradition, commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit. It is used to denote this specific festival.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From the Greek word 'πεντήκοντα' (pentēkonta), meaning 'fifty'. The suffix '-στη' indicates an ordinal number, making it 'fiftieth'.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-na-BEE-nai

Translations: to go up, to ascend, to come up, to climb, to embark, to arise

Notes: This word describes the action of moving upwards, whether literally ascending a physical height, or metaphorically rising in status or appearing. It can also refer to embarking on a ship or coming up from a lower place, such as water or a valley. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἈΝΑ (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G4339

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pros-poy-ay-SAH-meh-non

Translations: pretending, feigning, making as if, making a show of, affecting

Notes: This word describes the act of pretending or feigning something, often to deceive or create a false impression. It implies making a show of something that is not genuinely felt or true. It is a compound word, combining 'πρός' (towards, in addition to) and 'ποιέω' (to make, to do).

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΛΑΣΣΟΜΑΙ

G4064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-GEH-neh-sthai

Translations: to overcome, to prevail, to survive, to get the better of, to be superior

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri, meaning 'around' or 'over') and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai, meaning 'to become' or 'to be born'). Together, it means to come to be over or around something, hence to overcome, prevail, or survive. It often implies gaining an advantage or being superior in a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around, about, over', and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become, to be born, to happen'.

G5339

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FEI-sah-toh

Translations: he spared, he had pity on, he refrained from, he withheld

Notes: The word ἘΦΕΙΣΑΤΟ is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb φείδομαι. It means 'to spare,' 'to have pity on,' or 'to refrain from.' It is often used to describe an action where someone shows mercy or holds back from harming or punishing another, or refrains from doing something. For example, 'he spared the people' or 'he did not refrain from.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΩ, ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G1523

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-dex-ah-MEH-non

Translations: receiving, having received, accepting, having accepted

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from εἰς (eis, 'into') and δέχομαι (dechomai, 'to receive'). It means to receive into oneself, to accept, or to admit. It describes the action of taking something or someone in, often with the implication of welcoming or agreeing to something. In the provided context, it refers to those who received or welcomed someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word εἰσδέχομαι (eisdechomai) is a compound of the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb δέχομαι (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'. The root δέχομαι comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G0334

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-na-THEE-mah-tohn

Translations: of offerings, of dedications, of votive gifts

Notes: This word refers to things dedicated or set apart, often as gifts to a deity or for sacred purposes. It can denote an offering, a votive gift, or something consecrated. In a broader sense, it can refer to anything dedicated or devoted, whether for good or ill. It is a compound word, formed from 'ἀνά' (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and 'τίθημι' (tithemi, meaning 'to place' or 'to set').

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G4185

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-ly-te-les-TA-ton

Translations: most costly, most expensive, most precious, most valuable

Notes: This word is the superlative form of 'polytelēs', meaning 'costly' or 'expensive'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of costliness, preciousness, or value. It describes something that is exceedingly valuable or requires a very large expenditure. It can be used to describe objects, materials, or even actions that are considered to be of the highest worth.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Superlative

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΙΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΠΛΟΥΣΙΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΚΡΙΒΩΤΑΤΟΣ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-LEE-see

Translations: plundering, a plundering, robbery, a robbery, despoiling, a despoiling, pillage, a pillage

Notes: This word refers to the act of plundering, robbing, or despoiling. It describes the forceful taking of goods or property, often in a violent or destructive manner, such as during a raid or conquest. It can be used in contexts describing the seizure of wealth or possessions.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΓΗ, ΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΛΗΣΗ (sylēsē) is derived from the verb συλάω (sylaō), meaning 'to strip off, despoil, plunder'.

G5278

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pe-MEH-nee

Translations: he endured, he persevered, he remained, he waited patiently

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under) and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (to remain, abide). It means to remain under, to bear up under, to endure, or to persevere. It describes the act of steadfastly remaining in a difficult situation or continuing in a course of action despite challenges. It is often used to convey the idea of patient endurance or steadfastness.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΦΕΡΩ

G3845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-BEE-nai

Translations: to transgress, to violate, to go beyond, to pass over, to step aside

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'παραβαίνω' (parabainō). It means 'to transgress,' 'to violate,' or 'to go beyond' a boundary, rule, or command. It is often used in contexts of breaking laws or commandments, or stepping outside of what is permitted or proper. For example, one might 'παραβῆναι' a law or a covenant.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΥΩ

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-DY-sas

Translations: stripping off, having stripped off, taking off, having taken off, divesting, having divested

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'περιδύω' (peridyō), meaning 'to strip off' or 'to divest'. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'δύω' (dyō), meaning 'to put on' or 'to enter', but in this compound, it takes on the meaning of 'to strip off' or 'to take off' something that is around a person or object. It describes an action of removing clothing, armor, or other coverings from someone or something, often implying a complete removal. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having stripped off' or 'stripping off'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΥΩ, ΑΠΟΔΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'περιδύω' is a compound of 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'δύω' (dyō), which originally meant 'to enter' or 'to put on' (clothing). In this compound, 'δύω' takes on the sense of 'to take off' or 'to strip off', implying the removal of something that is 'around' a person or object.

G4632

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKEV-ee

Translations: vessel, a vessel, instrument, an instrument, implement, an implement, goods, baggage, equipment, furniture

Notes: This word refers to an object or implement used for a particular purpose, such as a container (vessel), a tool (instrument), or personal belongings (goods, baggage). It can also refer to household items or equipment. It is often used in the plural to denote a collection of such items.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΡΤΥΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΑ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, make ready, or equip'. It is related to the idea of things that are prepared or made for use.

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-PEH-zan

Translations: table, a table, bank, a bank, money-changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often used for eating or for conducting business, such as exchanging money. It can also refer to a bank or a money-changer's stall. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ comes from the Greek prefix τετρα- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the word πέζα (peza), meaning 'foot' or 'edge'. Thus, it literally means 'four-footed', referring to a table.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G2848

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOK-koo

Translations: (of) a grain, (of) a seed, (of) a berry, (of) a kernel, (of) a scarlet thread

Notes: This word refers to a small, round, hard particle, such as a grain, seed, or berry. It can also refer to the kermes insect, which produces a scarlet dye, and by extension, the scarlet color itself or a scarlet thread. It is used to describe small, individual units of something, often plant-related, or the source of a specific color.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΡΜΑ, ΚΑΡΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'κόκκος' (kokkos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the kermes insect, which was used to produce a scarlet dye.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-meh-nah

Translations: made, done, created, performed, things made, things done

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been made or done. It indicates a completed action with a continuing result. For example, it can refer to 'things that have been made' or 'actions that have been performed'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΜΕΝΑ

G2758

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: keh-NO-sas

Translations: having emptied, having made void, having divested, having poured out, having made of no reputation

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'kenoō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has emptied something, made it void, or divested themselves of something. It can also mean to make something of no reputation or to pour out. It is often used to describe a state of self-emptying or humbling.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΕΝΟΩ, ΑΔΕΙΟΩ, ΕΚΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'kenoō' comes from the Greek adjective 'kenos' (κενός), meaning 'empty' or 'void'. The verb form means to make empty or to empty out.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G5277

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-LEE-pohn

Translations: remaining, left behind, leaving behind, having left behind

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ὑπολείπω' (hypoleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to remain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. It can be translated as 'remaining', 'left behind', or 'having left behind', depending on the context. It describes someone or something that has been left over or has stayed behind.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G3997

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEN-thoss

Translations: mourning, a mourning, grief, sorrow, lamentation

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep sorrow, grief, or lamentation, often expressed outwardly through weeping or other signs of distress. It is commonly used to describe the emotional response to death, loss, or disaster.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΟΣ, ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'.

G1688

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-bal-en

Translations: he threw in, he cast in, he put in, he poured in, he inserted

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to throw in', 'to cast in', or 'to put in'. It describes the action of placing something inside another thing, often with force or intention. It is typically used in a past tense context, indicating an action that was completed.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΜΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EF-eh-ron

Translations: they were bringing, they were offering, they were presenting, they were applying

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb προσφέρω (prospherō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning "they were bringing to," "they were offering," or "they were presenting." It can also mean "to apply" or "to bring against" in certain contexts.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G2967

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-OH-loo-sen

Translations: he hindered, he prevented, he forbade, he restrained

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hinder,' 'to prevent,' 'to forbid,' or 'to restrain.' It describes an action of stopping or prohibiting something or someone from doing something. It is used in the past tense, indicating that the action of hindering or preventing has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word κωλύω (kōlyō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to cut off' or 'to check.'

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-FEH-rin

Translations: to offer, to bring, to present, to bring to, to bring forward

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō). It is a compound verb, formed from "πρός" (pros), meaning "to" or "towards," and "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bring" or "to bear." It generally means to bring something to someone or something, often with the intention of offering it, presenting it, or dedicating it. It can be used in contexts of bringing gifts, sacrifices, or even people to a particular place or person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb "προσφέρω" (prospherō) is a compound of the preposition "πρός" (pros), meaning "to, toward, with," and the verb "φέρω" (pherō), meaning "to bear, carry, bring." Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements, indicating the action of bringing something towards a destination or person.

G1283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ar-PAH-sas

Translations: having plundered, having seized, having robbed, having carried off as spoil

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having plundered' or 'having seized'. It describes an action that was completed before the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to describe the violent taking of possessions or people, such as in the context of war or robbery. It is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ἁρπάζω (harpazō), meaning 'to seize' or 'to snatch'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΑΩ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2222

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: zoh-gray-THEN-tohn

Translations: of those captured alive, of those taken alive, of those caught alive

Notes: This word is a genitive plural masculine/neuter participle derived from the verb 'ζωγρέω' (zōgreō), meaning 'to take alive, to capture alive, to catch alive'. It describes the state of being captured or taken alive. In a sentence, it would refer to a group of people or things that have been captured alive, often indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G2570

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: kal-LEE-stah

Translations: best, most beautifully, most excellently, finest, most noble, most good

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'καλός' (kalos), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful'. As an adverb, it means 'best' or 'most beautifully', indicating the highest degree of quality or manner. As an adjective, it means 'finest' or 'most excellent'. It can be used to describe something that is superior in quality, appearance, or moral character.

Inflection: Superlative, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Superlative (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΑ, ΑΡΙΣΤΩΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'καλός' (kalos), from which 'καλλίστα' is derived, comes from an ancient root meaning 'to call' or 'to summon', evolving to mean 'beautiful' or 'good' in a general sense, often implying that which is pleasing or admirable.

G2598

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-bah-LON

Translations: throwing down, casting down, laying down, overthrowing, founding, having thrown down, having cast down, having laid down, having overthrown, having founded

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βάλλω (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a whole, it means to throw down, cast down, or lay down. It can be used literally, such as throwing something to the ground, or figuratively, like overthrowing an enemy or laying the foundation of something. In its participle form, as seen here, it often describes an action that has been completed, such as 'having thrown down' or 'when he had thrown down'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Both components are ancient Greek words with long histories.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-koh-DOH-may-sen

Translations: built, constructed, erected

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject. For example, 'he built' or 'she constructed'. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demō), meaning 'to build'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō) is a compound verb derived from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demō), meaning 'to build'. It literally means 'to build a house' and by extension, 'to build' or 'construct' in general.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kran

Translations: highest, outermost, extreme, top, peak, summit, edge, a peak, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, tip, or extreme edge. It can refer to the highest point of a mountain, the tip of a finger, or the outermost part of something. It is used to denote the extremity or culmination of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ἈΚΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ak- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something, hence the meaning of 'highest' or 'extreme'.

G5241

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-per-KEE-meh-nee

Translations: lying above, situated above, overhanging, superior, a superior one

Notes: This word describes something that is positioned above or over something else. It can refer to a physical location, indicating that something is situated higher or on top of another object, or it can be used metaphorically to describe something that is superior in rank, authority, or quality. It is often used to emphasize a position of prominence or dominance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present Participle (Middle/Passive Voice)

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΕΡΟΣ, ΥΨΗΛΟΣ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3735

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-sas

Translations: having fortified, having strengthened, having made strong, having secured

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ochyroo', meaning 'to fortify' or 'to strengthen'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before the main verb, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates that someone or something has performed the act of fortifying or making secure. For example, it could be used to say 'the one having fortified the city' or 'having strengthened their resolve'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΣΑΣ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΑΣ

Etymology: The verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo) comes from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'firm, strong, secure', which is related to ὀχύρωμα (ochyroma), meaning 'a fortress or stronghold'.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yp-see-LOYS

Translations: (to) high, (to) lofty, (to) exalted, (on) high places, (to) heights

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'high', 'lofty', or 'exalted'. It can refer to physical height, such as a high mountain or a high place, or to metaphorical elevation, such as a high status or an exalted position. When used substantively, especially in the dative plural as in this form, it often refers to 'high places' or 'heights', which in ancient contexts could be sites of worship or sacrifice.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ

G1708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-ka-tes-TEE-sen

Translations: he established, he appointed, he set up, he installed, he placed, he settled

Notes: This word describes the act of establishing, appointing, or setting someone or something in a particular place or position. It implies a firm and deliberate placement, often with the intention of permanence or authority. It is a compound verb, formed from 'en' (in), 'kata' (down), and 'histemi' (to stand/set).

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐγκαθίστημι (enkathistēmi) is a compound verb derived from the preposition ἐν (en, 'in'), the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against'), and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to make to stand, to set, to place'). It literally means 'to set down in' or 'to establish in'.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-meh-non

Translations: they were remaining, they remained, they abode, they waited, they endured

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'menō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It means to remain, abide, stay, wait, or endure. It can be used to describe people or things staying in a particular place, or continuing in a state or condition.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word μένω (menō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stay, remain'. It is related to Latin 'maneo' and Sanskrit 'manas'.

G2276

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HET-ton

Translations: less, worse, inferior, a less (thing)

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and an adjective, meaning 'less' or 'worse'. As an adverb, it modifies verbs or other adverbs, indicating a lesser degree. As an adjective, it describes nouns, meaning 'inferior' or 'lesser'. It is the comparative form of 'bad' or 'little'.

Inflection: Comparative, Does not inflect for gender or case when used adverbially. When used adjectivally, it can inflect for gender, number, and case (e.g., ΗΤΤΟΝΑ in the example is Accusative Singular).

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΣΣΩΝ, ΧΕΙΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἧττον (hētton) is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective ἥσσων (hēssōn), meaning 'less, worse, weaker'. It is often used adverbially. Its ultimate origin is uncertain but is related to the concept of being 'less' or 'inferior'.

G206

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: AH-krah

Translations: top, summit, end, extremity, tip, peak, highest, outermost

Notes: This word refers to the highest or outermost point of something, such as the top of a mountain, the end of a limb, or the edge of a territory. It can be used as a noun meaning 'summit' or 'extremity', or as an adjective meaning 'highest' or 'outermost'. In the provided context, 'ἈΚΡΑ' likely refers to the 'ends' or 'extremities' of the earth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative/Vocative, Feminine (from ΑΚΡΟΣ); or Singular, Nominative/Vocative, Neuter (from ΑΚΡΟΝ)

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣ

G0765

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-SEH-bays

Translations: ungodly, impious, wicked, unrighteous, a wicked person, the ungodly

Notes: This word describes someone who is irreverent towards God, lacking in piety, or acting contrary to divine law. It can be used as an adjective to describe things or people, or substantively as a noun to refer to 'the ungodly' or 'wicked people'. It implies a deliberate disregard for religious or moral obligations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-nah

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, dire, awful, grievous, severe, terrible things, dreadful things

Notes: This word describes something that is terrible, dreadful, or severe. It can refer to things that cause fear, great difficulty, or intense suffering. In its plural form, it often refers to 'terrible things' or 'dire circumstances'. It is used to emphasize the gravity or intensity of a situation, event, or punishment.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G2026

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-oy-ko-do-MAY-sas

Translations: having built upon, having built up, having edified, having constructed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἘΠΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, specifically the act of building upon something, constructing, or edifying. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπι' (upon, over) and 'οἰκοδομέω' (to build a house, to build). It is used to indicate that a foundation has been built upon or that something has been constructed or improved.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb οἰκοδομέω (oikodomeō), meaning 'to build a house' or 'to build'. The root οἰκοδομέω itself comes from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house', and δέμω (demō), meaning 'to build'.

G2695

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-FFAX-eh

Translations: slaughtered, killed, sacrificed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σφάζω (sphazō), meaning 'to slaughter' or 'to slay'. Together, it means to slaughter, kill, or sacrifice, often with a sense of bringing down or completely destroying. It is used to describe the act of killing animals for sacrifice or food, or the violent killing of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΖΩ, ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΘΥΩ

G3545

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NO-mee-mon

Translations: lawful, customary, legal, proper, a custom, what is lawful

Notes: This word describes something that is in accordance with law, custom, or established practice. As an adjective, it means 'lawful' or 'customary'. As a noun, it refers to 'what is lawful' or 'a custom'. It can be used to describe actions, regulations, or traditions that are considered legitimate or proper.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΙΜΟΣ is derived from the Greek word ΝΟΜΟΣ (NOMOS), meaning 'law' or 'custom'. It refers to that which is in accordance with the law or established custom.

G3961

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-tree-on

Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.

G2356

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thrays-KAY-ah

Translations: religion, worship, religious observance, a religion

Notes: This word refers to religion or religious worship, specifically emphasizing the outward expression and practice of one's faith. It denotes the system of religious beliefs and practices, or the act of performing religious duties and rituals. It can be used to describe a specific religious system or the general concept of piety and devotion.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΛΑΤΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to be afraid' or 'to tremble', possibly referring to the awe or reverence felt in the presence of the divine. It describes the outward expression of religious devotion.

G2005

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LOHN

Translations: completing, accomplishing, performing, finishing, carrying out, bringing to pass

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ἐπιτελέω' (epiteleō), meaning 'to complete' or 'to accomplish'. It describes an action that is ongoing or in the process of being carried out. It is used to indicate someone who is in the act of finishing or performing a task, often with the sense of bringing something to a successful conclusion. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'he, completing the work, rested'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἐπιτελέω' (epiteleō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'τελέω' (teleō), meaning 'to finish' or 'to bring to an end'.

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-feh-MEH-noos

Translations: having sent away, having let go, having forgiven, having left, having permitted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphiēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, indicating that they have sent away, let go, forgiven, left, or permitted something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be translated in various ways depending on the context, often implying a past action with ongoing relevance.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΗΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΕΙΑΣΑΝΤΑΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G3543

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: noh-mi-ZO-meh-noos

Translations: supposed, esteemed, considered, believed, thought, a supposed, an esteemed, a considered, a believed, a thought

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being supposed,' 'being esteemed,' or 'being considered.' It describes something that is generally accepted or believed to be true, often in contrast to what is actually true. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and indicates an ongoing state of being regarded in a certain way.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4576

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: seh-BEH-sthai

Translations: to worship, to revere, to venerate, to fear

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to worship, revere, or venerate. It implies a deep respect and awe, often directed towards a deity or a person of high authority. It can also carry the sense of fearing or being afraid of someone or something, especially in a reverential way. It is used to describe the act of showing devotion or honor.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ, ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'to be in awe' or 'to shrink from'.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: oy-koh-doh-MEH-sahn-tahs

Translations: having built, those who built, the ones who built, having constructed, those who constructed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'δέμω' (to build). It means to build a house or any structure, to construct, or to erect. Metaphorically, it can also mean to edify or build up, especially in a spiritual sense. As a participle, it describes someone who has performed the action of building.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G5087

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-meh-nee

Translations: sacred precincts, sacred enclosures, temples, shrines

Notes: This word refers to a piece of land cut off or set apart, especially for a god or a ruler. It denotes a sacred enclosure, a sanctuary, or a temple precinct. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple such sacred spaces or shrines.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΑΟΣ, ΒΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut' or 'to cut off', referring to a piece of land 'cut off' or set apart for a specific purpose, especially a sacred one.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-thih-DROO-sahn-tahs

Translations: having established, having founded, having settled, having placed, having set up

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having established' or 'having founded'. It describes an action completed in the past, with the subject of the participle being the one who performed the action. It is often used to describe the act of setting something up firmly, like a building, an altar, or a custom.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΙΔΡΥΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΩ

Etymology: The word καθιδρύω (kathidryō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἱδρύω (hidryō), meaning 'to make sit down, to seat, to establish'. The combination implies a firm or settled establishment.

G4862

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: SOOS

Translations: with, together, along with, completely, thoroughly

Notes: This is a prefix used in compound words, meaning 'with', 'together', or indicating completion or intensity. It often assimilates to the following consonant, becoming 'συσ-' before a sigma (σ) or zeta (ζ), or 'συλ-' before a lambda (λ), 'συμ-' before a beta (β), mu (μ), or pi (π), and 'συρ-' before a rho (ρ). In the provided examples, it forms part of the verb 'συσκοτάζω' (syskotazo), meaning 'to darken completely' or 'to be darkened together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'beside, near, by, with'. It is related to the Latin 'cum' and English 'co-'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poy-OHN

Translations: doing, making, creating, producing, performing, a doer, a maker, the one who does, the one who makes

Notes: ΠΟΙΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΠΟΙΕΩ, meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of doing or making something. It can be translated as 'doing' or 'making' when used adjectivally, or as 'the one who does' or 'a doer' when used substantively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩΝ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-re-THEY-ee

Translations: may it be found, let it be found, should it be found, to be found

Notes: ΕΥΡΕΘΕΙΗ is a form of the verb εὑρίσκω, meaning 'to find'. This specific form is the third person singular, aorist passive optative. It expresses a wish, a possibility, or a potential action, often translated with 'may it be found' or 'should it be found'. It indicates that something might be discovered or come into existence.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Aorist, Passive, Optative

Etymology: The word εὑρίσκω comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to find' or 'to discover' in various Indo-European languages.

G0316, G4332

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-an-ang-KAS-oo-sin

Translations: they will compel, they will force, they will constrain

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the root ἀναγκάζω (anankazo), meaning 'to compel' or 'to force', and the prefix προσ- (pros-), which adds a sense of 'to, toward, or in addition'. Therefore, the word means 'to compel or force someone to do something, often with an added sense of urgency or direction'. It describes an action where a group of people will exert pressure or apply force to make others comply.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ

G1989

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pes-TAL-meh-nah

Translations: having been sent, dispatched, written, a letter, an epistle

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'epistellō', meaning 'to send a message' or 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been sent or written. In the neuter plural form, it often refers to 'things that have been sent' or 'written documents', such as letters or epistles.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΕΛΛΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2124

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-LA-bee-an

Translations: reverence, a reverence, piety, a piety, fear, a fear, caution, a caution

Notes: This word refers to reverence, piety, or a cautious fear, especially in a religious context towards God or divine matters. It can also denote circumspection or caution in general. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΟΣ, ΣΕΒΑΣ, ΕΥ̓ΣΕΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word Εὐλάβεια (eulabeia) comes from the Greek adjective εὐλαβής (eulabēs), meaning 'reverent, cautious', which is a compound of εὖ (eu, 'well') and λαβεῖν (labein, 'to take' or 'to grasp'). Thus, it literally means 'well-taking' or 'well-grasping', implying carefulness or circumspection.

G1861

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ang-gel-MEH-nays

Translations: of (the one) having been promised, of (the thing) promised, of (the one) announced, of (the thing) announced

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been promised' or 'having been announced'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun, and can also convey verbal action. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. It describes something that has been promised or announced in the past and whose state of being promised continues into the present.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΗΣ, ΕἸΡΗΜΕΝΗΣ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G5021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-TEH-tak-toh

Translations: it had been arranged, it had been appointed, it had been ordered, it had been commanded

Notes: This is a verb form indicating that something had been arranged, appointed, or ordered in the past, and the action was completed. It describes a state resulting from a past action, often implying a standing order or a pre-existing arrangement. It is a compound word formed from the prefix διά (dia) meaning 'through' or 'completely', and the verb τάσσω (tassō) meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

G1384

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doh-kee-MOH-tah-toy

Translations: most approved, most esteemed, most excellent, most tried, most trustworthy

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'dokimos', meaning 'approved' or 'esteemed'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of approval, trustworthiness, or excellence. It is used to describe individuals or things that are considered the most tried, proven, or highly regarded in a particular context.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΥΔΟΚΙΜΟΣ

G2104

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-GEH-nays

Translations: noble, well-born, high-born, honorable, excellent, nobles, the noble ones

Notes: This word describes someone of noble birth or high social standing, or someone who possesses noble character and excellent qualities. It can refer to individuals who are literally 'well-born' or to those who are 'noble' in spirit and action. It is often used to distinguish people of higher status or moral integrity from others.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΤΙΜΙΟΣ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G5431

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-fron-TEE-san

Translations: they cared, they took thought, they were concerned, they were anxious, they gave attention

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to care', 'to take thought', or 'to be concerned'. It is used here in the past tense, indicating that a group of people performed the action of caring or being concerned. It describes an action of giving attention or consideration to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word φροντίζω (phrontizō) comes from φροντίς (phrontis), meaning 'thought' or 'care', which in turn is related to φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ETH-ohn

Translations: having gone, having come, going, coming

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who has performed the action of coming or going.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΒΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erǵʰ-, meaning 'to go' or 'to move'. It is related to other words in various Indo-European languages that convey the idea of movement.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah

Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-khon

Translations: I had, I held, I possessed, I received

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes a past action that was completed at a specific point in time, without emphasis on its duration. It can be used to indicate possession, holding something, or even receiving something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to overcome').

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3982

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pei-THOH-meh-noys

Translations: obeying, being persuaded, trusting, yielding, a trusting one, a persuaded one

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'peithō', meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it describes someone who is in the state of being persuaded, obeying, or trusting. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'those who are obeying' or 'those who are persuaded'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Dative Case

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ

G0546

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-pee-LEE-sen

Translations: he threatened, she threatened, it threatened

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to threaten' or 'to menace'. It describes the act of expressing an intention to inflict harm or punishment. It is typically used in a sentence to describe someone issuing a threat.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΩ, ΑΠΕΙΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἀπειλέω (apeileō) comes from ἀπειλή (apeilē), meaning 'threat' or 'menace'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the idea of 'driving away' or 'warding off' through intimidation.

G0090

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ai-KEE-zo-me-noi

Translations: tormenting, being tormented, torturing, being tortured, abusing, being abused, maltreating, being maltreated

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'aikizo'. It describes someone who is actively tormenting or torturing others, or someone who is being tormented or tortured themselves. It implies severe physical or emotional suffering inflicted or endured.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ, ΣΤΡΕΒΛΟΩ, ΚΑΚΟΩ

G5278

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-non-tes

Translations: enduring, persevering, waiting, remaining, a person who endures, those who endure

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'hypomeno'. It describes someone who is actively enduring, persevering, or remaining steadfast. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'those who endure' or 'the ones enduring'. It implies a patient and steadfast waiting or bearing up under difficulties.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΕΧΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3082

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: loo-MAI-noh-men-oy

Translations: damaging, harming, corrupting, ruining, defiling, abusing, maltreating

Notes: This word describes the act of causing damage, harm, or ruin to something or someone. It implies a destructive or corrupting influence. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'one who is damaging' or 'while damaging'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from λύμη (lymē), meaning 'outrage, damage, ruin'.

G2198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ZOHN-tes

Translations: living, the living, those who live, those who are alive

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It describes individuals or entities that are currently alive or in a state of living. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are living'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΙ, ΕΝΕΡΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to other Greek words concerning life and vitality.

G1720

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-PNEH-on-tes

Translations: breathing, inspiring, those who are breathing, those who are inspiring

Notes: This word describes the act of breathing in, or metaphorically, being filled with a spirit or passion. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is currently breathing or being inspired. It can refer to a literal act of respiration or a figurative sense of being animated by a strong emotion or divine influence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΑΠΝΕΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΜΠΝΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΠΝΕΩ (pneō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'.

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAI-das

Translations: children, boys, servants, slaves

Notes: This word refers to children, particularly boys, but can also denote young people in general, or even servants and slaves regardless of age, depending on the context. It is used here in the accusative plural form, indicating that the children/boys/servants are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΥΙΟΙ, ΔΟΥΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΑΙΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'child' or 'boy'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to young people or offspring.

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-ET-em-non

Translations: they were circumcising, they used to circumcise, they kept circumcising

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to circumcise' or 'to cut around'. In a sentence, it would describe a group of people performing the act of circumcision over a period of time in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Etymology: From the prefix περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

G0532

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PANG-khon

Translations: strangled, hanged, choked

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular, imperfect active indicative form of the verb ἀπάγχω (apanchō), meaning 'to strangle' or 'to hang oneself'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ἄγχω (anchō), meaning 'to choke' or 'to throttle'.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΝΙΓΩ, ΑΠΟΠΝΙΓΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀπάγχω (apanchō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἄγχω (anchō), meaning 'to choke' or 'to throttle'. The prefix intensifies the action of choking or implies a complete cessation of breathing.

G0388

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nes-tav-ro-MEH-non

Translations: of those who have been crucified, of crucified ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'of those who have been crucified' or 'of crucified ones'. It describes a state of having been crucified in the past, with the results continuing into the present. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'σταυρόω' (stauroō), meaning 'to crucify'. The prefix 'ἀνά' intensifies the action or indicates a repetition.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ἀνασταυρόω (anastauroō) is derived from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and σταυρόω (stauroō), meaning 'to crucify'. The root σταυρόω comes from σταυρός (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'.

G2782

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-fah-NEE-zeh-toh

Translations: was vanishing, was disappearing, was being destroyed, was being corrupted

Notes: This word is the third person singular, imperfect, indicative, passive form of the verb 'ἀφανίζω' (aphanizo). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating that something was in the process of vanishing, disappearing, or being destroyed. It implies a gradual or continuous action of becoming unseen or ceasing to exist.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΑΛΕΙΦΩ

G0976

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-blos

Translations: book, a book, scroll, a scroll, volume, a volume

Notes: This word refers to a book, scroll, or volume, typically made from papyrus. It is used to denote a written record or collection of writings, such as a legal document, a letter, or a literary work. In the New Testament, it often refers to a sacred writing or a register.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΤΟΜΟΣ, ΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: From βύβλος (byblos), referring to the papyrus plant, from which writing material was made. The word evolved to mean the writing material itself, and then the written work.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RAH

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, sacred things, temple, a temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used as a noun, it typically refers to 'sacred things' or 'holy places', often specifically a 'temple' or 'sanctuary'. It describes anything set apart for divine use or associated with religious practices.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Singular; or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερά (hiera) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ish₂ros, meaning 'sacred, powerful'. It is related to words signifying strength and divine power.

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mos

Translations: law, a law, principle, custom

Notes: This word refers to a law, a principle, or a custom. It can denote a specific legal code, such as the Mosaic Law, or a general principle or rule. It is often used in a religious or ethical context, referring to divine commandments or established norms of conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΚΑΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos) comes from the Greek verb νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute, to assign, to apportion'. It originally referred to that which is distributed or assigned, and thus came to mean an established custom or law.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-POHL-loon-toh

Translations: they were perishing, they were being destroyed, they were being lost

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. In this form, it describes an ongoing action in the past where a group of people or things were in the process of perishing, being destroyed, or being lost. It emphasizes the continuous nature of the action.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΟΛΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: BLEH-pon-tes

Translations: seeing, looking, observing, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'seeing' or 'those who are seeing', indicating an action performed by the subject. It is often used to describe the act of perceiving or observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-RAY-tee

Translations: Samaritans

Notes: This word refers to the Samaritans, an ethnoreligious group of the Levant. They are descendants of the ancient Israelites and have their own distinct religious traditions, which differ from Judaism. In ancient times, they were often in conflict with the Jews.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Samaritan" comes from the Greek Σαμάρεια (Samareia), which refers to the region of Samaria, the central region of ancient Israel. The name of the region itself is derived from the Hebrew שֹׁמְרוֹן (Shomron), the name of the ancient capital city of the Kingdom of Israel.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PAS-khon-tas

Translations: suffering, enduring, experiencing, undergoing, being affected, a sufferer

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'suffering' or 'experiencing'. It describes someone who is currently undergoing an action or state, often one that is difficult or painful. It can be used to describe someone who is suffering from an illness, enduring hardship, or simply experiencing something, whether good or bad. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively as 'one who suffers'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΩΝ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-moh-lo-GOON

Translations: they were confessing, they were acknowledging, they were agreeing, they confessed, they acknowledged, they agreed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'homologeo'. It describes an action of confessing, acknowledging, or agreeing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It implies a continuous state of affirmation or admission, often in public or before others. For example, 'they were confessing their sins' or 'they were agreeing with the statement'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ (homologeo) is a compound word derived from the Greek words ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one and the same', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word' or 'speech'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak the same word' or 'to agree with what is said'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: syng-ge-NEYS

Translations: related, kindred, kinsfolk, relatives, a relative, kinsmen, a kinsman

Notes: This word describes someone who is related by birth or family, indicating a familial connection. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'related' or 'kindred,' or more commonly as a noun to refer to 'relatives' or 'kinsfolk.' It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and 'γένος' (genos), meaning 'race, family, or kind,' emphasizing the shared origin or family tie.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-ri-ZEIN

Translations: Gerizim, Mount Gerizim

Notes: This word refers to Mount Gerizim, a sacred mountain in Samaria. It is often mentioned in historical and religious texts, particularly in the context of the Samaritans who consider it their holy place, in contrast to Jerusalem for the Jews. The phrase 'ἐν Γαριζειν' means 'in Gerizim' or 'on Mount Gerizim'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Gerizim' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the root 'garaz' meaning 'to cut off' or 'to divide'. It refers to the mountain's geographical features or its historical role as a place of division.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-too

Translations: (of) greatest, (of) biggest, (of) largest, (of) most important

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the superlative adjective 'μέγιστος' (megistos), meaning 'greatest' or 'biggest'. It is used to describe something that is supreme in size, importance, or degree. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of greatness to the highest extent, often translated with 'of the greatest' or 'of the biggest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΥ, ΥΨΙΣΤΟΥ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΥ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-OON-tes

Translations: doing, making, performing, practicing, those who do, those who make

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are making' something, often implying a continuous or habitual action.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G0191

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-ko-LOO-thah

Translations: following, accompanying, consistent, suitable, appropriate, things that follow, things that accompany, things that are suitable, things that are appropriate

Notes: This word describes something that follows, accompanies, or is consistent with something else. It can refer to things that are suitable or appropriate in a given context. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the neuter plural, referring to 'things that follow' or 'things that are appropriate' in a general sense.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΩΝ, ΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀκόλουθος (akolouthos) comes from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'with', and κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'way'. Thus, it literally means 'one who is on the same path' or 'following the same way'.

G0589

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-POI-koos

Translations: colonists, settlers, inhabitants

Notes: This word refers to people who leave their native country to form a new settlement in a foreign land, or those who settle in a new place. It is used here in the accusative plural, indicating that they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΥΣ, ΕΠΟΙΚΟΥΣ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, "from") and οἶκος (oikos, "house, dwelling"), literally meaning "from home" or "away from home," referring to those who establish a new home elsewhere.

G0647

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-POY-koy

Translations: colonists, settlers

Notes: This word refers to people who leave their native land to settle in a new territory, establishing a colony. It describes individuals who are part of a group migrating to and inhabiting a new place, often maintaining ties with their original homeland.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΟΙΚΟΙ, ΕΠΟΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from') and οἶκος (oikos, 'house, dwelling'). It literally means 'from home' or 'away from home', referring to those who establish a new home away from their original one.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PEM-psan-tes

Translations: having sent, sending, dispatching, escorting, accompanying

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ', meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'sending', indicating an action that has occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can also mean to escort or accompany someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DAY-loon

Translations: they were showing, they were making clear, they were declaring, they were revealing

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δηλόω' (dēloō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were showing,' 'they were making clear,' or 'they were declaring.' It implies that the action of making something known or evident was in progress or habitual at a past time.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ

G5252

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-po-geh-grahm-MEH-nah

Translations: written underneath, subscribed, signed, recorded, a record, a document

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ὑπογράφω' (hypographō), meaning 'to write under' or 'to subscribe'. As an adjective, it describes something that has been written underneath or signed. It can also refer to documents or records that have been officially signed or recorded. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating that the noun is something that has been written or signed.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ, ΕΓΓΡΑΦΑ

G5280

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-POM-nay-mah

Translations: memorial, a memorial, record, a record, reminder, a reminder, note, a note, document, a document

Notes: This word refers to something that serves as a reminder or a record. It can be a written document, a note, a memorandum, or anything that helps one remember past events or information. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning 'under' or 'sub-') and 'μνήμα' (mnema, meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΣΥΝΟΝ, ΜΝΗΜΗ, ΓΡΑΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'sub-', and 'μνήμα' (mnema), meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance', which itself comes from the verb 'μιμνήσκω' (mimnesko), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'.

G4268

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRO-go-noy

Translations: ancestors, forefathers, progenitors

Notes: This word refers to one's ancestors or forefathers, those who came before in a family line. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'γόνος' (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'. It is typically used in the plural to refer to a group of ancestors.

Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΕΡΕΣ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ is derived from the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and γόνος (gonos), meaning 'offspring' or 'birth'. It literally means 'those born before'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OWKH-moos

Translations: droughts, a drought, squalor, filth, a squalor, a filth

Notes: This word refers to a period of drought or dryness, indicating a lack of water. It can also refer to squalor, filth, or neglect, often associated with a lack of care or resources, similar to the conditions that might arise from a drought. It is used in the accusative plural form, indicating the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΗΡΑΣΙΑ, ΑΦΥΔΡΙΑ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek verb αὔχω (auchō), meaning 'to dry up' or 'to be parched'.

G3877

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ko-loo-thay-SAN-tes

Translations: having followed closely, having investigated, having traced, having examined, having understood

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from παρά (para, "beside, along") and ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō, "to follow"). It means to follow closely, to investigate thoroughly, to trace something from its beginning, or to understand something completely. It implies a diligent and careful examination or pursuit of information or a course of action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΕΥΝΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΝΟΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word παρακολουθέω is formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and the verb ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō), meaning 'to follow'. The verb ἀκολουθέω itself comes from ἀκόλουθος (akolouthos), meaning 'following' or 'attendant', which is derived from a- (alpha privative, here meaning 'together with') and κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'way'.

G0744

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-KHAH-yah

Translations: ancient, old, former, a former thing, an ancient thing

Notes: This word describes something as being old, ancient, or belonging to a former time. It can refer to things, people, or concepts that existed long ago. For example, it can be used to describe ancient customs, old friends, or things from the past.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΑΙΟΣ (archaios) comes from the Greek word ἈΡΧΗ (archē), meaning 'beginning' or 'origin'. Thus, it refers to something that is from the beginning or from a long time ago.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G1175

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: day-see-dai-mo-NEE-ah

Translations: superstition, a superstition, religious fear, fear of the gods

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'superstition' or 'religious fear'. It describes an excessive or irrational fear of divine powers or supernatural forces, often leading to practices or beliefs that are not based on true piety or reason. It can be used to refer to both negative and, less commonly, positive religious reverence, but in Koine Greek, it often carries a negative connotation of excessive or misguided religious observance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΣΙΔΑΙΜΟΣΥΝΗ, ΘΡΗΣΚΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two elements: ΔΕΙΣΙ- (deisi-), from ΔΕΙΔΩ (deidō, 'to fear'), and -ΔΑΙΜΟΝΙΑ (-daimonia), from ΔΑΙΜΩΝ (daimōn, 'divine power, spirit'). Thus, it literally means 'fear of divine powers' or 'fear of spirits'.

G1485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-thos

Translations: custom, habit, practice, a custom, a habit, a practice

Notes: This word refers to a custom, habit, or practice, something that is regularly done or observed. It describes a customary way of acting or a traditional practice within a community or by an individual. It is often used to refer to established traditions or religious observances.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swedh-, meaning 'custom, habit'. It is related to words signifying 'one's own' or 'peculiar to oneself', indicating something that is characteristic or habitual.

G4576

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: seh-BEIN

Translations: to worship, to revere, to honor, to venerate

Notes: ΣΕΒΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΣΕΒΩ (or σέβομαι). It means to show reverence or devotion towards someone or something, typically a deity or a sacred object. It implies a deep respect and awe, often expressed through acts of worship or veneration. It can be used in sentences like 'It is good to worship God' or 'They taught them to revere the elders'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΙΝ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΕΙΝ, ΤΙΜΑΝ

Etymology: The verb ΣΕΒΩ (or σέβομαι) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'to be in awe' or 'to feel dread'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared concept of reverence.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DROO-sah-meh-noy

Translations: having founded, having established, having set up, having settled, having built

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ιδρύω'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, indicating that they have founded, established, or set something up. It is often used to describe the establishment of cities, altars, or institutions.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἵδρυμα (hidryma), meaning 'foundation' or 'seat'. It is related to the verb ἵζω (hizō), 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOH-meh-noh

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, what is called, what is named, to what is said, to what is spoken, to what is called, to what is named

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing and being done to the subject. In this form, it means 'being said' or 'being spoken'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often referring to 'that which is said' or 'the things being said'. Its dative case indicates it is the indirect object of an action, or it could be used with prepositions that take the dative.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΩ, ΦΡΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'λέγω' (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather', which evolved to mean 'to pick out, count, tell, say'.

G2380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thoo-on

Translations: they sacrificed, they offered, they slew

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'θύω' (thyo), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating that 'they were sacrificing' or 'they used to sacrifice'. It is commonly used in contexts related to religious offerings or the killing of animals for ritual purposes.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word θύω (thyo) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to rush, to rage, to smoke'. It developed in Greek to refer to the act of offering sacrifices, often involving smoke or fire.

G2520

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ka-thay-KOO-sas

Translations: fitting, proper, appropriate, due, becoming, suitable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper'. It describes something that is appropriate, suitable, or due, often in the sense of what is morally or socially correct. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate that the noun possesses the quality of being fitting or proper.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΟΥΣΑΣ, ΑΡΜΟΖΟΥΣΑΣ, ΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΘΗΚΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb ΗΚΩ (HĒKŌ), meaning 'to have come' or 'to have arrived'. Together, they convey the sense of something that has come down or arrived in a way that is fitting or proper.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khray-sa-MEH-noo

Translations: using, having used, employing, having employed, dealing with, having dealt with

Notes: This is a middle participle derived from the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'using' or 'having used'. It implies that the subject is the one who benefits from or is involved in the action of using something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΕΝΟΥ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χρα-' (chra-), related to 'χρή' (chrē), meaning 'it is necessary' or 'it is fitting'. It originally conveyed the idea of 'to need' or 'to desire', evolving to 'to make use of' or 'to employ'.

G1359

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-oy-KOON-tes

Translations: administering, managing, governing, ruling, superintending, regulating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'διοικέω' (dioikeō), meaning 'to manage a household,' 'to administer,' or 'to govern.' As a participle, it describes someone who is currently performing the action of administering or managing. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun (e.g., 'the administering ones'), or adverbially, indicating the manner of an action (e.g., 'while administering'). It is often used in contexts related to managing affairs, governing a region, or superintending a task.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΩΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word διοικέω (dioikeō) is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to manage a house.' Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of managing or administering a household thoroughly or in an organized manner.

G3633

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: OY-oh-me-noy

Translations: thinking, supposing, imagining, believing, considering, expecting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'thinking' or 'supposing'. It describes someone who is in the act of believing, imagining, or considering something. It often implies a subjective opinion or a belief that may or may not be true. It is used to describe the state of mind of the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΟΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From the root of ΟἼΩ (oiō), meaning 'to suppose, think, imagine'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek verb.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOW-tah

Translations: these, these things

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. 'ταῦτα' specifically refers to 'these things' or 'these' (plural, neuter). It is used to point to something nearby, recently mentioned, or about to be mentioned, functioning either as a pronoun (e.g., 'he did these things') or as an adjective modifying a neuter plural noun (e.g., 'these words'). It can be used in the nominative or accusative case.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΑ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noys

Translations: to those, for those, with those, by those, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'those' or 'that one' (when singular). In this inflected form, it is plural and in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action or a relationship of benefit or detriment. It can be translated as 'to those,' 'for those,' or 'with those,' depending on the context. It can refer to people or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓͂ΤΟΙ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΙ

G0156

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-TEE-ais

Translations: causes, reasons, charges, accusations, pretexts, grounds, (for) causes, (for) reasons, (for) charges, (for) accusations, (for) pretexts, (for) grounds

Notes: This word refers to a cause, reason, charge, or accusation. It can also mean a pretext or ground for something. It is often used in legal or judicial contexts to refer to the charges brought against someone, or the reasons for a particular action. In the provided examples, it refers to charges or reasons.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΕΙΣ, ἘΓΚΛΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word Αἰτία (aitia) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eydʰ- meaning 'to burn, to shine', which developed into the sense of 'cause' or 'reason' in Greek, possibly through the idea of 'that which makes something happen' or 'that which illuminates a situation'.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-AP-too-sin

Translations: they attach, they fasten, they put on, they apply

Notes: This verb means to attach, fasten, or put something on, often implying a surrounding or encompassing action. It can be used to describe putting on clothing, applying a bandage, or attaching an object to something else. It is used in the third person plural, indicating that 'they' are performing the action.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΑΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek περί (peri, "around") and ἅπτω (haptō, "to fasten, to touch").

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-ton

Translations: of being, of existing, of those who are, of those who exist, of things that are, of things that exist

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to be'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating 'of those who are' or 'of things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of a group of people or things, or to refer to existing entities in a genitive context, meaning 'belonging to' or 'concerning' them.

Inflection: Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G0431

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-kah-then

Translations: from above, from the first, from the beginning, from of old

Notes: This adverb indicates origin, either in terms of place (from above) or time (from the beginning or from of old). It is used to describe something that has existed or occurred since a distant past or from a higher point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΑΡΧΗΘΕΝ, ΕΞΑΡΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἀνέκαθεν is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and ἔκαθεν (ekathen), meaning 'from a distance' or 'from afar'. Thus, it literally means 'from up from afar' or 'from a distant high point', which evolved to mean 'from the beginning' or 'from of old' in a temporal sense.

G5319

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fah-neh-RON

Translations: manifest, evident, clear, visible, apparent, known, a manifest thing, an evident thing

Notes: This word describes something that is visible, apparent, or clear. It is used to indicate that something is easily seen, understood, or made known. It can refer to something that is openly displayed or something that becomes obvious.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From φανερόω (phaneroō, 'to make visible, reveal'), from φανός (phanos, 'light, torch'), from φαίνω (phainō, 'to bring to light, make appear').

G0325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-grah-FOHN

Translations: recording, writing down, registering, enrolling, recounting, describing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'recording' or 'writing down'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. For example, it could describe someone who is in the act of writing down a list or recounting a story.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀναγράφω (anagraphō) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'to write up' or 'to write again', leading to its meaning of recording or registering.

G4367

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-TAKS-ai

Translations: to command, to order, to instruct, to appoint

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It indicates the action of giving a directive or instruction. It is often used in contexts where authority is being exercised, such as a ruler commanding subjects or a master instructing servants.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to arrange towards' or 'to appoint to', leading to the sense of commanding or ordering.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-ree-DAR-kheh

Translations: governor of a district, a governor, a district governor

Notes: This is a compound noun, combining 'μερίς' (meris), meaning 'part' or 'district', and 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to lead'. Therefore, a μεριδάρχης is literally a 'ruler of a part' or 'ruler of a district'. It refers to an official who governs a specific administrative region or district, similar to a provincial governor or a regional administrator. This term is found in administrative and historical texts from the Hellenistic period.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΕΠΑΡΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΡΙΔΑΡΧΗΣ is a compound of two Greek words: μερίς (meris), meaning 'part, division, district', and ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule, to lead'. It describes someone who rules over a specific division or district.

G3523

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: nee-KAH-nor-ee

Translations: to Nicanor

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper name Nicanor. Nicanor was a common Greek name, meaning 'victorious man' or 'conqueror of men'. In historical contexts, it often refers to a specific individual, such as Nicanor, one of the seven deacons chosen in Acts 6:5, or Nicanor, a general under Antiochus IV Epiphanes mentioned in the books of Maccabees.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Nicanor is derived from the Greek verb νικάω (nikaō), meaning 'to conquer' or 'to be victorious'.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAH-ton-tee

Translations: to one doing, to one acting, to one performing, to one practicing, to one faring, to one managing, to one accomplishing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do,' 'to act,' 'to perform,' or 'to accomplish.' In this form, it describes someone who is in the process of doing something or who is characterized by a certain action. It can also refer to how someone is faring or managing in a situation. It is often used to describe the agent of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΙ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ, ΤΕΛΟΥΝΤΙ

G1776

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-OKH-lain

Translations: to trouble, to annoy, to disturb, to bother, to vex

Notes: This verb means to cause trouble, annoyance, or disturbance to someone. It describes the act of bothering or vexing another person, often implying a persistent or burdensome interference. It can be used in contexts where someone is being harassed or made uncomfortable.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΝΟΧΛΕΙΝ, ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΕΙΝ, ΟΧΛΕΙΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, "in") + ὀχλέω (ochleō, "to disturb, trouble"), from ὄχλος (ochlos, "crowd, disturbance"). It literally means to be in a crowd or cause a crowd-like disturbance.

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AP-too-see

Translations: they attach, they apply, they fasten, they join, they add

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb ἅπτω (haptō), meaning 'to fasten' or 'to light.' In its inflected form, it means 'they attach,' 'they apply,' or 'they fasten.' It describes the action of joining one thing to another, often with the sense of bringing something into contact or adding it on. For example, it could be used to say 'they attach a label' or 'they apply a remedy.'

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΑΣΙ, ΣΥΝΑΠΤΟΥΣΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΩΣΙ

G1485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-theh-sin

Translations: to customs, by customs, with customs, to habits, by habits, with habits, to ways, by ways, with ways

Notes: This word refers to established customs, habits, or ways of doing things within a society or group. It describes the traditional practices or behaviors that are commonly followed. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object or means by which something is done, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'by', or 'with'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἔθος (ethos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *swedʰ- meaning 'custom, habit'. It is related to words signifying 'one's own' or 'peculiar to oneself', implying a characteristic way of being or acting.

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tohn

Translations: possessions, goods, property, resources, wealth, what one has, of existing things

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'υπάρχω' (hyparchō), meaning 'to exist,' 'to be,' or 'to be available.' In its genitive plural form, as seen here, it often functions as a substantive, referring to 'one's possessions,' 'goods,' or 'property.' It describes things that are currently existing or available to someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΤΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΟΥΣΙΑΣ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΥ

G4377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ag-or-EYOO-then-ai

Translations: to be called, to be named, to be addressed, to be saluted

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to be called' or 'to be named'. It is used to describe the act of someone or something being given a name, title, or designation, or being addressed in a particular way. It can also imply being saluted or greeted.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak in the assembly' or 'to proclaim'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak towards' or 'to address publicly'.

G2203

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: DEE-os

Translations: (of) Zeus, (of) Jupiter

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Zeus'. Zeus was the supreme deity in Greek mythology, the king of the gods, and ruler of Mount Olympus. In English, it is often equated with the Roman god Jupiter. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'ΔΙΟΣ' typically translates to 'of Zeus' or 'belonging to Zeus'. It can be used to describe something associated with Zeus, such as 'the temple of Zeus' or 'the day of Zeus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Zeus' (ΖΕΥΣ) is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'sky' or 'day', reflecting his role as a sky god.

G1672

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hel-lay-NEE-oo

Translations: of a Greek, of the Greek, of a Gentile, of the Gentile

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΕΛΛΗΝ' (Hellēn), which refers to a Greek person, or more broadly, a Gentile (non-Jew). In ancient contexts, it could distinguish between those of Greek culture or descent and those of other backgrounds. As a genitive, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'the custom of a Greek' or 'the land of the Greeks'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΕΛΛΗΝ (Hellēn) is derived from Hellas, the ancient name for Greece. It originally referred to the inhabitants of Greece, but later came to signify anyone who spoke Greek and adopted Greek culture, regardless of their ethnic origin.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G1776

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: en-OKH-loo-meh-noy

Translations: troubled, annoyed, harassed, afflicted, bothered

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being troubled' or 'being harassed'. It describes someone who is experiencing annoyance, disturbance, or affliction, often by external forces or individuals. It implies a state of being bothered or put to trouble.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΑΡΕΝΟΧΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΟΧΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and ΟΧΛΕΩ (ochleō), meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble a crowd'. The root ΟΧΛΕΩ comes from ΟΧΛΟΣ (ochlos), meaning 'crowd' or 'mob', suggesting the idea of being troubled or disturbed as if by a crowd.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-an-EH-khon-tes

Translations: attending to, giving heed to, paying attention to, devoting oneself to, applying oneself to

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'attending to' or 'giving heed to'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἀνέχω (anechō), meaning 'to hold up' or 'to endure'. Together, it conveys the idea of holding one's mind or attention towards something, thus paying close attention or devoting oneself to it. It is often used to describe someone who is diligently focused on a task or a teaching.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G4316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-doos

Translations: revenues, incomes, approaches, accesses, ways, means

Notes: This word refers to income, revenue, or resources, often in a financial sense. It can also denote an approach, access, or a way of coming to something. It is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. In the provided context, it is used in the plural and refers to financial revenues or resources.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ, ΠΟΡΟΣ, ΕΚΦΟΡΑ

G1189

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: deh-thehn-TON

Translations: (of) those who prayed, (of) those who implored, (of) those who requested

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'δέομαι' (deomai), meaning 'to pray', 'to implore', or 'to request'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having prayed' or 'when they had prayed'. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who had prayed' or 'of those who had implored', indicating the source or subject of the action in a genitive construction.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΞΑΜΕΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G4823

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sym-boo-LEH-oo-meh-noys

Translations: to those counseling, to those advising, to those consulting, to those deliberating

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'συμβουλεύω' (symbouleuō), meaning 'to counsel,' 'to advise,' or 'to consult.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those who are counseling themselves' or 'those who are being counseled/consulted.' It indicates an ongoing action of giving or receiving counsel.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood by, they presented, they appeared, they offered, they brought, they placed, they made ready

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). In its aorist form, it generally means 'they stood by' or 'they presented themselves'. It can also mean 'they presented' or 'they offered' something to someone, or 'they placed' or 'they made ready'. Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often implying presence, assistance, or presentation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: pem-FTHEN-tes

Translations: sent, having been sent, those who were sent, the ones sent

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been sent' or 'those who were sent'. It describes individuals or groups who have been dispatched, commissioned, or delegated for a specific purpose. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, indicating that the subject has undergone the action of being sent.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to send, to conduct'.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-AY-koo-sin

Translations: fitting, proper, belonging, pertaining, those who belong, those who are related, those who are fitting

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'prosēkō', meaning 'to be fitting, proper, or suitable', or 'to belong to, pertain to'. It often refers to things or people that are appropriate, due, or related. In the provided examples, it refers to 'those who belong' or 'those who are related', indicating family members or close associates.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΚΩ, ΠΡΕΠΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word προσήκω (prosēkō) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come, to be present'. Thus, it literally means 'to have come to' or 'to be present with', evolving to mean 'to belong to' or 'to be fitting'.

G0138

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-ROON-tahee

Translations: they choose, they take, they lift, they carry, they prefer

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they choose', 'they take', 'they lift', or 'they carry'. It is often used to describe a group of people making a selection or decision, or physically taking or lifting something. The meaning can vary depending on the context, sometimes implying a preference or selection, and other times a physical action.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to grasp, to take'. It is related to words meaning 'to seize' or 'to lift'.

G5530

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: khro-MEH-noy

Translations: using, employing, dealing with, having dealings with, those using, those employing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in using or dealing with something. It can refer to people who are accustomed to something or who are in the habit of doing something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From an assumed root *χρα-, meaning 'to handle, to use'.

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LYOO-men

Translations: we are being released, we are being set free, we are being dismissed, we are being sent away, we are being divorced

Notes: This is a verb in the present tense, middle or passive voice, first person plural. It describes an action where 'we' are being released, set free, dismissed, or sent away. In some contexts, it can also mean 'we are being divorced'. The meaning often depends on the context and the direct object, if present.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, First Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G0156

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-tee-OHN

Translations: of causes, of reasons, of charges, of accusations, of responsibilities, of faults

Notes: This word refers to the underlying reasons or explanations for something, or the grounds for a charge or accusation. It can also denote responsibility or fault. In a sentence, it would typically follow a word that indicates possession or relationship, such as 'the knowledge of these causes' or 'the origin of these accusations'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΕΩΝ, ΛΟΓΩΝ, ἘΓΚΛΗΜΑΤΩΝ

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-xee-OH-kah-see

Translations: they have deemed worthy, they have thought worthy, they have considered worthy, they have demanded, they have claimed

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to deem worthy,' 'to think worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' or 'to demand/claim.' It is used to express that someone has judged or decided that something or someone is deserving of a particular status, treatment, or action. It can also imply a strong assertion or claim.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From ἀξιός (axios, 'worthy, deserving'), which is derived from ἄξιος (axios, 'worth, value'). The verb means to consider or make worthy.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: eh-kah-tom-BIE-ohn-oss

Translations: of Hekatombaion, of the month Hekatombaion

Notes: This word refers to the month of Hekatombaion, which was the first month of the Attic calendar in ancient Greece, roughly corresponding to parts of July and August. It is a compound word derived from 'ἑκατόμβη' (hekatombe), meaning 'a sacrifice of a hundred oxen', and '-αιών' (aiōn), a suffix often used for month names. The month was named after the festival of Hekatombaia, which involved such a sacrifice.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hoor-KAH-nee-oo

Translations: of Hyrcanius, of Hyrcania

Notes: This word refers to something or someone from Hyrcania, an ancient region south of the Caspian Sea, or to a person named Hyrcanius. It is often used in historical or geographical contexts. In the provided example, it appears to be used in a date, possibly referring to a month or a specific period associated with Hyrcanius or the region.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Hyrcania' is derived from the Old Persian 'Varkâna', meaning 'wolf-land', referring to the abundance of wolves in the region. The personal name 'Hyrcanius' would be derived from this geographical name.

G3570