2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-in

Translations: to pay attention, to give heed, to beware, to attend to, to apply oneself to, to hold to, to devote oneself to

Notes: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ. It means to direct one's mind or attention toward something, often implying caution or careful consideration. It can be used to urge someone to pay attention or to describe the act of being attentive. It often takes a dative object, indicating what one is paying attention to.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΕΠΕΧΩ

G191

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-koo-STHEE-sin

Translations: having been heard, to have been heard, for having been heard

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to hear' (ἀκούω), specifically an aorist passive participle. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, where the subject is the one being acted upon (i.e., 'being heard'). In this dative plural form, it indicates the recipients or beneficiaries of the action of 'having been heard', often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G3379

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-po-teh

Translations: lest, perhaps, never, at any time, by no means

Notes: ΜΗΠΟΤΕ is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote). It is used to express a negative possibility, a fear that something might happen, or a rhetorical question implying a negative answer. Depending on the context, it can be translated as 'lest,' 'perhaps,' 'never,' or 'at any time.' It often introduces a clause expressing a feared outcome or a possibility that is being denied.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΗΠΩΣ, ΜΗ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not,' and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever.'

G3901

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-rar-RHEH-oh-men

Translations: drift away, slip away, fall away, neglect, disregard

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'para' (alongside, by) and 'rheō' (to flow). It means to flow past, to slip away, or to drift away. In a metaphorical sense, it can mean to neglect or disregard something, allowing it to slip from one's grasp or attention. It implies a passive or unintentional departure from a state or teaching.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΡΡΕΩ, ΕΚΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΑΡΟΡΑΩ

Etymology: The word παραρρέω (pararrheō) is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to flow'. It literally means 'to flow past' or 'to flow by'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G0949

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: beh-BAH-ee-os

Translations: firm, sure, steadfast, certain, secure, a firm, a sure

Notes: This adjective describes something that is firm, sure, or steadfast. It is used to indicate reliability, certainty, or security, often in the context of promises, hopes, or foundations. It can be used to describe something that is stable and not easily moved or changed.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ, ΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of Greek βαινω (baino), meaning 'to go, to step', implying something that stands firm or is well-founded.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3847

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-BA-sis

Translations: transgression, a transgression, violation, a violation, trespass, a trespass

Notes: This word refers to a stepping over, a going beyond, or a violation of a boundary or law. It is commonly used in a moral or legal sense to denote an act that breaks a commandment, rule, or agreement. It implies a deliberate deviation from what is right or prescribed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'beyond', and βάσις (basis), meaning 'a stepping' or 'a going'. Thus, it literally means 'a stepping beyond' or 'a stepping over'.

G3876

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-KO-ay

Translations: disobedience, a disobedience, unheeding, neglect

Notes: This word refers to the act of disobedience or a refusal to hear or obey. It implies a failure to listen or pay attention, leading to a disregard for commands or instructions. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'amiss', and 'ἀκοή' (akoē), meaning 'hearing' or 'obedience'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΑΝΥΠΑΚΟΗ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, amiss', and 'ἀκοή' (akoē), meaning 'hearing, obedience'. It literally means 'a hearing amiss' or 'a hearing beside', implying a failure to properly hear or obey.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-lah-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received, he got, she got, it got

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes a completed action in the past performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He took the book' or 'She received the gift.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G1743

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EN-dee-kon

Translations: just, righteous, a just, a righteous

Notes: This word describes something as being just, righteous, or equitable. It implies fairness and conformity to what is right, often in a legal or moral sense. It can be used to describe a judgment, a punishment, or an action that is considered fair and deserved.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΔΙΚΟΣ (endikos) is derived from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and δίκη (dike), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'in justice' or 'according to justice'.

G3406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mis-thah-po-doh-SEE-an

Translations: reward, recompense, retribution, a reward, a recompense, a retribution

Notes: This word refers to a reward or recompense, which can be either positive (a reward for good deeds) or negative (retribution or punishment for wrong actions). It signifies the payment or return for something done, whether good or bad. It is a compound word formed from 'μισθός' (misthos, meaning 'wages' or 'reward') and 'ἀπόδοσις' (apodosis, meaning 'a giving back' or 'repayment').

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ, ΑΝΤΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ

G5082

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tay-lee-KOW-tays

Translations: of so great, of such, of so large, of so mighty

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something of a particular size, degree, or magnitude, often emphasizing its greatness or importance. It functions similarly to 'so great' or 'such a great' in English, indicating a high degree of the quality it describes. As a genitive form, it typically modifies a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words τηλίκος (telikos), meaning 'of such an age, so old, so great', and αὐτός (autos), meaning 'self, same'. It emphasizes the 'very' or 'same' quality of greatness.

G0272

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-meh-lay-SAN-tes

Translations: neglecting, having neglected, being negligent, being careless, disregarding, not caring for

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ameleō', meaning 'to neglect' or 'to be careless'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject, often indicating a state or condition of neglecting something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. It implies a lack of attention, concern, or diligence towards a duty, responsibility, or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΟΡΩΝΤΕΣ

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HEE-tis

Translations: who, which, whoever, whichever, whatever

Notes: ΗΤΙΣ is a relative pronoun, used to introduce a clause that describes a preceding noun. It is a compound word formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' in English, often providing additional information about a person or thing. It is used in a descriptive sense, often emphasizing the quality or characteristic of the antecedent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the feminine definite article 'ἡ' (he) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis). It developed in Koine Greek to provide a more emphatic or descriptive relative pronoun than the simple 'ὅς' (hos).

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHEEN

Translations: beginning, rule, dominion, first place, a beginning, a rule, a dominion, a first place

Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or a position of authority and rule. It can denote the starting point in time or space, or the origin of a concept. It is also used to describe a ruler, a magistrate, or a principality. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, indicating the thing that is being begun, ruled, or held as a first place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΗ, ΚΕΦΑΛΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

G2983

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOO-sah

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, a woman taking, she taking

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past relative to the main verb, and it refers to a feminine singular subject.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-koo-SAN-ton

Translations: of having heard, of those who heard, of having listened, of those who listened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. As a genitive plural participle, it refers to the action of hearing or listening performed by multiple individuals, indicating possession or relationship. It is often translated as 'of those who heard' or 'of having heard'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G4901

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ep-ee-mar-too-ROON-tos

Translations: bearing witness with, testifying with, confirming with

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from three prepositions (σύν, ἐπί, and μάρτυς) and the verb μαρτυρέω (to bear witness). It means to bear witness together with, to testify jointly, or to confirm by joint testimony. It describes an action where multiple parties or elements provide corroborating evidence or affirmation for something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G4592

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: say-MEE-oys

Translations: to signs, for signs, with signs, by signs

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'σημεῖον' (sēmeion), meaning 'sign' or 'miracle'. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done. It is plural, referring to multiple signs or miracles. It can be used to express 'to signs,' 'for signs,' 'with signs,' or 'by means of signs,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣΙΝ, ΕΡΓΟΙΣ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G5059

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-ras-ee

Translations: (to) wonders, (to) marvels, (to) omens, (to) signs

Notes: This word refers to a wonder, marvel, or omen, often implying something extraordinary or supernatural that causes astonishment. It is frequently used in conjunction with 'signs' (σημεῖα) to denote miraculous events or portents, especially those demonstrating divine power or foretelling future events. It can be used to describe both positive and negative phenomena.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΘΑΥΜΑ, ΕΚΠΛΗΞΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of the word 'τέρας' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of something that causes awe or dread.

G3311

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-rees-MOYS

Translations: divisions, distributions, apportionments, allotments

Notes: This word refers to the act of dividing or distributing something, or the result of such an act, like a portion or share. It can describe a division into parts or a distribution of gifts or tasks among people. It is a compound word, coming from the verb 'μερίζω' (merizō) meaning 'to divide' and the suffix '-μος' (-mos) which forms nouns of action or result.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΕΙΣ, ΔΙΑΔΟΣΕΙΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nayn

Translations: the inhabited earth, the world, the Roman Empire, the whole world

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, often specifically denoting the Roman Empire in the context of the New Testament, or more broadly, the entire world. It describes the portion of the earth that is populated by humans, as opposed to uninhabited wilderness. It is derived from the verb 'οἰκέω' (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', and thus literally means 'that which is inhabited'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present passive participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' or 'that which is inhabited'.

G4012

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G1263

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-mar-TOO-rah-toh

Translations: he testified, he solemnly warned, he earnestly affirmed, he charged

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb μαρτύρομαι (martyromai), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. Together, it means to bear witness thoroughly, to testify earnestly, or to solemnly warn. It is often used to emphasize the seriousness or intensity of a testimony or warning, indicating a strong and deliberate declaration.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-throh-pohs

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is a common noun used to denote any individual of the human species, regardless of gender, though it is often translated as 'man' in a generic sense. It can be used to distinguish humans from God or from animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΤΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning "upward-looking" or "earth-faced."

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mim-NEES-kee

Translations: you remember, you are mindful of, you call to mind

Notes: This verb means to remember, to be mindful of, or to call to mind. It is often used in the sense of God remembering or being mindful of humanity. It can be used transitively, taking a direct object of what is remembered.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the root μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is related to the concept of memory and recollection.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1642

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAT-toh-sas

Translations: you made less, you made lower, you diminished, you lessened, you humbled

Notes: This word describes the action of making something smaller, lower, or less significant. It can refer to physical diminution, a reduction in status or importance, or even a humbling action. It implies a decrease or a bringing down from a higher state.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΟΩ, ΣΜΙΚΡΥΝΩ

Etymology: From the adjective ΕΛΑΤΤΩΝ (elattōn), meaning 'less' or 'inferior', which is the comparative form of ΕΛΑΧΥΣ (elachys), meaning 'small'.

G1024

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: BRA-khoo

Translations: short, brief, little, a little, for a short time, briefly, in a short time, by little, gradually

Notes: This word primarily means 'short' or 'brief', referring to duration of time or physical length. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as short or brief. When used adverbially, often with a preposition like 'κατά' (kata), it can mean 'briefly', 'for a short time', 'by little', or 'gradually'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'βραχύς' (brachys) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'short'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of shortness or brevity.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-say

Translations: glory, a glory, honor, an honor, splendor, a splendor, majesty, a majesty, renown, a renown, reputation, a reputation, dignity, a dignity

Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, splendor, or majesty. It can describe the inherent nature of God, the visible manifestation of His presence, or the esteem and reputation of a person. It is often used in contexts of praise, worship, or divine revelation. It can also refer to human reputation or dignity.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΞΑ (doxa) comes from the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose'. Over time, it evolved to mean 'opinion, reputation, honor, and then glory'.

G5092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-may

Translations: honor, a price, value, respect, a sum, esteem, dignity

Notes: This word refers to honor, respect, or esteem, often implying a high regard for someone or something. It can also denote a monetary value or price, indicating the worth of an item or a sum paid. It is used in sentences to describe the value or respect attributed to a person, object, or action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΑΞΙΑ, ΚΕΡΔΟΣ

Etymology: This word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to value' or 'to estimate'. It is related to the verb τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'.

G4737

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-te-fa-NO-sas

Translations: you crowned, you have crowned

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to crown' or 'to encircle with a crown'. It is used to describe the act of placing a wreath or crown upon someone's head, often as a sign of honor, victory, or royalty. It can also imply bestowing honor or glory upon someone.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΩ (stephanoō) is derived from the noun ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ (stephanos), meaning 'crown' or 'wreath'. It refers to the act of adorning with such an object.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pe-TAK-sas

Translations: you subjected, you put under, you put in subjection, you subordinated

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (under) and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (to arrange, to order). It means to place or arrange under, to subject, or to subordinate. It describes the action of bringing something or someone under the authority or control of another. It is used to indicate that someone has been made subservient or obedient.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΓΩ, ΥΠΟΚΑΤΩ

G5270

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-po-KAH-toh

Translations: underneath, below, under

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a preposition, meaning 'underneath' or 'below'. It indicates a position directly beneath something else. As a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. It is a compound word formed from ΥΠΟ (under) and ΚΑΤΩ (down).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΟ, ΚΑΤΩ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and the adverb ΚΑΤΩ (kato), meaning 'down' or 'below'. It is a compound word emphasizing the sense of being directly underneath.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-TAK-sai

Translations: to subject, to put under, to subordinate, to submit, to obey

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb 'τάσσω' (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. Together, it means to arrange or place under, hence to subject or to bring into submission. It is often used to describe the act of bringing something or someone under the authority or control of another, or for oneself to submit to authority.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-ken

Translations: he sent away, she sent away, it sent away, he let go, she let go, it let go, he forgave, she forgave, it forgave, he left, she left, it left, he permitted, she permitted, it permitted

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi, meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'). It means to send away, let go, release, forgive, or leave behind. It is used to describe an action completed in the past, often with a sense of finality or definitive action, such as releasing prisoners, forgiving sins, or leaving a place or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀφίημι (aphiēmi) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. The combination signifies 'to send away' or 'to let go'.

G0425

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-yoo-po-TAK-ton

Translations: unsubdued, not subject, disobedient, unruly

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'unsubdued' or 'not subject'. It describes something or someone that is not brought under control, is disobedient, or unruly. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'AN-' (meaning 'un-' or 'not') and 'ΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ' (meaning 'subject' or 'subdued'). Therefore, it literally means 'not subject' or 'unsubdued'. It can be used to describe people who are rebellious or things that remain outside of control.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΗΣ, ΑΤΑΚΤΟΣ

G3568, G3571

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: NOO

Translations: now, then, therefore, indeed, night, a night

Notes: This word, without diacritics, can represent two distinct Koine Greek words. It can be the adverb 'νῦν' (nyn), meaning 'now,' 'then,' 'therefore,' or 'indeed,' often used to emphasize a point or indicate a present or immediate state. It can also be the noun 'νύξ' (nyx), meaning 'night,' referring to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. The specific meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect); Noun (Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine)

Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ, ΕΣΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: ΝΥΝ (nyn) comes from Proto-Indo-European. ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-ROH-men

Translations: we see, we behold, we perceive

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It is used to describe the act of observing something with one's eyes or understanding something mentally. It can be used in various contexts, such as seeing a physical object, understanding a concept, or experiencing an event.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΑΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *wer- 'to perceive, to watch'. It is related to Latin 'vereor' (to revere, to fear) and Sanskrit 'varati' (to choose, to wish).

G5293

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-po-teh-TAG-meh-nah

Translations: subjected, submissive, obedient, things subjected, those subjected

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb 'hypotassō'. It describes something or someone that has been placed under the authority or control of another, indicating a state of being subjected, submissive, or obedient. It can refer to things that are brought into subjection or people who are made to be obedient.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΚΟΟΣ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'hypotassō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'hypo' (meaning 'under') and the verb 'tassō' (meaning 'to arrange, to order, to place'). Thus, it literally means 'to arrange under' or 'to place under', leading to the sense of subjection or subordination.

G1642

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ay-lat-TOH-meh-noh

Translations: made lower, made less, diminished, lessened, reduced, inferior

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle of the verb 'elattoo', meaning 'to make less' or 'to diminish'. It describes something that has been lowered, diminished, or made inferior. It functions adjectivally, describing a noun that has undergone this action. For example, it could describe someone who has been made lower than angels, or something that has been reduced in value or quantity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΟΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-THEE-ma

Translations: suffering, affliction, passion, experience, a suffering, an affliction

Notes: This word refers to what one experiences or undergoes, often with a connotation of hardship or distress. It can denote suffering, affliction, or a painful experience. In some contexts, it can also refer to a strong emotion or passion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to the result or state of suffering.

G4737

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: es-te-fa-NO-me-non

Translations: crowned, having been crowned, having been encircled, having been wreathed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, indicating an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results, with the subject receiving the action. It describes someone or something that has been crowned or encircled, often with a wreath or garland, signifying honor, victory, or royalty. It is a compound word derived from 'στεφανος' (stephanos), meaning 'crown' or 'wreath', and the verb suffix '-οω' which forms verbs meaning 'to crown' or 'to encircle'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Masculine, Accusative; or Singular, Feminine, Accusative. Perfect Passive Participle.

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΩ

Etymology: From ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ (stephanos, "crown, wreath") and the verbal suffix -ΟΩ, meaning "to crown" or "to encircle with a crown/wreath".

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-gah-GON-tah

Translations: leading, bringing, having led, having brought, bringing forth, leading away, taking away

Notes: This word is the accusative masculine singular form of the aorist active participle of the verb 'ago'. It describes someone or something that has performed the action of leading or bringing. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun in the accusative case, or can be used substantively to refer to 'the one who led/brought'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-THEE-ma-TON

Translations: of sufferings, of passions, of afflictions, of experiences

Notes: This word refers to experiences, particularly those that are painful or difficult, such as sufferings, afflictions, or passions. It can also denote an emotional state or an event that one undergoes. It is often used in contexts describing hardship or trials.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΨΕΩΝ, ΚΑΚΩΝ, ΠΟΝΩΝ

Etymology: From the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lee-OH-sai

Translations: to complete, to finish, to accomplish, to perfect, to bring to an end

Notes: This word signifies the act of bringing something to its full completion, perfection, or intended end. It implies not just stopping an action, but bringing it to a state of fulfillment or maturity. It can be used to describe finishing a task, accomplishing a goal, or perfecting a skill. In this form, it functions as an aorist infinitive, indicating the action of completing or finishing without specifying a subject or tense, or as an aorist imperative, commanding someone to complete or finish something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive or Aorist Middle Imperative (2nd Person Singular)

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

G0037

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hah-gee-AH-zohn

Translations: sanctifying, consecrating, making holy, setting apart, hallowing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ΑΓΙΑΖΩ'. It describes the action of sanctifying, consecrating, or making something holy. It can be used to describe someone or something that is in the process of setting apart or hallowing. In the provided examples, it functions as an adjective modifying 'ΚΥΡΙΟΣ' (Lord), indicating that the Lord is the one who sanctifies.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ahee-skhoo-NEH-tahee

Translations: is ashamed, feels shame, is put to shame

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be ashamed or to feel shame. It describes a state of embarrassment, disgrace, or humiliation. It is often used in the passive voice to indicate being put to shame by someone or something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ (to shame, to disgrace).

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΣΧΥΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΕΠΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ is derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΑΙΣΧΥΝΩ (aischyno), meaning 'to shame' or 'to disgrace'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of shame or disgrace.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-LEH-in

Translations: to call, to invite, to name, to summon, to bid

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ΚΑΛΕΩ'. It means 'to call' in various senses, such as to summon someone, to invite them, or to give them a name. It can also mean to proclaim or to appoint. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to call' and can be used as a noun or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (to shout, to call). It is related to Latin calare (to call out, to proclaim) and Old English hlowan (to low, to bellow).

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-loh

Translations: I will announce, I will report, I will declare, I will tell, I will bring word, I will proclaim

Notes: This verb means to bring a message, report, or announce something. It is often used in the context of delivering news, making a declaration, or giving an account of events. It implies a formal or official communication.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ

Etymology: From ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ἀγγέλλω (angellō, 'to announce, report'). It literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report back'.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as

Translations: of the church, of an assembly, of the congregation, churches, assemblies, congregations

Notes: This word refers to a gathering of people, an assembly, or a congregation. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Christian church, either a local gathering of believers or the universal body of believers. It can also refer to a secular assembly or a mob. The form 'ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣ' can be either the genitive singular (indicating possession or origin, 'of the church') or the accusative plural (indicating the direct object, 'churches').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-oh-mai

Translations: I will be, I shall be

Notes: This word is the first person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (ΕΙΜΙ). It signifies a future state of existence or occurrence, indicating that the subject 'I' will exist or be in a certain condition at a later time. It is commonly used to express future facts or predictions.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent)

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the Greek language, serving as the copula and expressing existence.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-POY-thohss

Translations: having trusted, trusting, confident, having been persuaded, persuaded

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having trusted' or 'being confident'. It describes someone who has placed their trust or confidence in something or someone, and as a result, is in a state of being persuaded or confident. It is often used to describe a settled state of conviction or reliance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩΝ, ΘΑΡΡΩΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3816, G3809

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEE-ah

Translations: children, a child, discipline, instruction, training, correction, punishment, play, childishness

Notes: This word is a compound form that can refer to several related concepts. It can be the nominative/accusative plural of 'παιδίον' (paidion), meaning 'children' or 'little children'. It can also be the nominative singular of 'παιδεία' (paideia), which refers to the upbringing, training, or instruction of children, often implying discipline or correction. In some contexts, it can also refer to 'play' or 'childishness'. The specific meaning depends on the grammatical context and surrounding words.

Inflection: Neuter Plural (children), Feminine Singular Nominative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Accusative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Genitive (discipline/play)

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΝΗΠΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction, introducing clauses that explain the reason or cause for something, similar to 'because' or 'since'. It can also introduce clauses of time, indicating that something happened 'when' or 'after' another event. Its meaning is determined by the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'in the event that', evolving to 'since' or 'because'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G2841

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-koy-no-NEE-ken

Translations: has shared, has participated, has had fellowship, has been a partner

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb κοινωνέω (koinōneō). It means 'he/she/it has shared', 'he/she/it has participated', or 'he/she/it has had fellowship'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or relevance in the present, indicating a state of having shared or participated.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ

G0129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-mah-tos

Translations: of blood

Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G3898

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-rap-lee-SEE-ohs

Translations: similarly, likewise, in like manner, in a similar way

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'similarly' or 'likewise'. It is used to indicate that something is done or happens in a way that is comparable or analogous to something else previously mentioned. For example, one might say 'he acted similarly' to describe an action that mirrors another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΩΣ, ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the adjective ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ (paraplēsios), meaning 'nearly resembling' or 'similar'. It is a compound word formed from ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and ΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ (plēsios), meaning 'near' or 'neighboring'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G2673

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tar-GAY-see

Translations: abolition, nullification, destruction, removal, doing away with, bringing to naught, rendering ineffective

Notes: This word refers to the act of abolishing, nullifying, or rendering something ineffective. It describes the process of bringing something to an end, making it void, or causing it to cease to exist or operate. It implies a complete removal or destruction of a previous state or condition.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΙΣ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the verb καταργέω (katargeō), which is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and ἀργέω (argeō), meaning 'to be idle' or 'to be inactive'. Thus, it literally means 'to render inactive' or 'to make idle', leading to the sense of abolishing or nullifying.

G2904

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KRAH-toss

Translations: power, strength, might, dominion, rule, a power, a strength

Notes: This word refers to power, strength, or might, often implying a forceful or dominant kind of power. It can also denote dominion or rule, indicating authority or control over something or someone. It is frequently used in contexts describing God's power or the power of a ruler.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From a primary verb meaning 'to be strong'. It is related to the idea of physical or inherent strength and ability.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, experiencing, a having, a holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing. It can also be used to describe a state of being or experiencing something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often indicating a continuous action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (héxis, 'habit, state') and ὀχή (ochḗ, 'support').

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1228

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-boh-lon

Translations: devil, a devil, slanderer, an slanderer, accuser, an accuser

Notes: This word refers to an accuser, slanderer, or adversary. In many contexts, especially in the New Testament, it is personified as 'the Devil,' the chief adversary of God and humanity. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (through, across) and 'βάλλω' (to throw, cast), literally meaning 'one who throws across' or 'one who casts accusations.' It is used to describe someone who maliciously attacks another's reputation or character.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΑΤΑΝΑΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΤΗΣ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G5401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHOH-boh

Translations: (to) fear, (to) dread, (to) reverence, (to) awe, fear, dread, reverence, awe, a fear, a dread

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos), meaning 'fear', 'dread', 'reverence', or 'awe'. In the dative case, it often indicates the means by which something is done, or the object to which the fear is directed. For example, it can be translated as 'by fear' or 'with fear', or 'to fear' when used with verbs that imply an object of fear or reverence. It can also denote the state of being in fear or awe.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΣ, ΤΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΟΒΟΣ (phobos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to flee' or 'to be afraid'. It is related to verbs of fleeing and being put to flight.

G1777

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-no-koy

Translations: guilty, liable, subject to, worthy of, deserving of

Notes: This word describes someone who is held accountable or responsible for something, often implying a negative consequence or a legal liability. It means to be 'in' or 'held by' something, hence 'subject to' or 'guilty of'. It is frequently used in legal or moral contexts to indicate culpability or deservingness of a penalty. It is a compound word, formed from the preposition 'εν' (in) and the verb 'εχω' (to have/hold).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ, ΑΙΤΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΟΧΟΣ (enochos) is derived from the Greek preposition 'εν' (en), meaning 'in', and the verb 'εχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'held in' or 'bound by', leading to the sense of being liable or guilty.

G1210

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: DAY-poo

Translations: doubtless, surely, perhaps, I suppose, of course

Notes: This word is an adverb used to express a degree of certainty, an assumption, or a rhetorical question implying an obvious answer. It often conveys a sense of 'surely' or 'doubtless' when the speaker expects agreement, or 'perhaps' when making a mild assumption. It can also be used to introduce a question that expects a negative answer, similar to 'surely not'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the particle δῆ (dē), indicating emphasis or certainty, and the particle που (pou), indicating a place or an indefinite sense. Together, they form an adverb expressing a degree of certainty or an assumption.

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-lam-BAH-neh-tai

Translations: he takes hold of, she takes hold of, it takes hold of, he lays hold of, she lays hold of, it lays hold of, he helps, she helps, it helps, he takes, she takes, it takes

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take hold of,' 'to lay hold of,' or 'to seize.' It can also mean 'to help' or 'to assist,' especially when someone takes hold of another to support them. It implies a firm grasp or intervention, often with the intention of support or control. It is used in the present tense, indicating an ongoing or habitual action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-FEI-len

Translations: he ought, he owed, he was obligated, he was indebted, he should have, he had to

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ὀφείλω' (opheilō). It signifies a past obligation, debt, or duty. It can mean 'he owed' in the sense of a financial debt, or 'he ought' or 'he should have' in the sense of a moral or necessary obligation. It describes an action or state that was due or required in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to concepts of debt and obligation, and is connected to the idea of 'owing' or 'being bound'.

G1655

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-leh-AY-mohn

Translations: merciful, compassionate, a merciful one

Notes: This word describes someone who is full of mercy, compassion, or pity. It is used to characterize a person who shows kindness and forgiveness, especially towards those in need or distress. It can be applied to both God and humans.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΩΝ

Etymology: From ἔλεος (eleos, "mercy") + -μων (-mōn, adjectival suffix). It describes one who possesses or is characterized by mercy.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tos

Translations: faithful, trustworthy, believing, true, a faithful one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is reliable, dependable, and worthy of trust. It can refer to a person who is faithful in their commitments or beliefs, or to God who is true to His promises. When used as a noun, it refers to a 'faithful one' or 'believer'. It is often used to describe someone who has faith or is a follower of a particular belief.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb 'πείθω' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust'. It relates to the concept of being persuaded or having trust, thus leading to the meaning of being trustworthy or faithful.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-e-REH-oos

Translations: high priest, a high priest, chief priest, a chief priest

Notes: This word refers to the chief religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals, especially on the Day of Atonement. It is a compound word formed from 'ΑΡΧΗ' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'ΑΡΧΗ' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It describes the principal or leading priest.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2433

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-LAS-kes-thai

Translations: to propitiate, to make atonement, to reconcile, to appease

Notes: This verb means to propitiate, to make atonement for, or to reconcile. It is often used in a religious context, referring to the act of appeasing a deity or making amends for sins, thereby restoring a favorable relationship. It implies an action taken to avert divine wrath or to gain favor.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΙΛΑΣΚΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai) is derived from the adjective ἵλαος (hilaos), meaning 'gracious' or 'propitious'. It signifies the act of rendering someone gracious or propitious.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G3986

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pei-ras-MOS

Translations: temptation, a temptation, trial, a trial, testing, a testing, enticement, an enticement

Notes: The word "ΠΙΡΑΣΘΙΣ" appears to be a misspelling or a variant form of the Koine Greek word "πειρασμός" (peirasmos), which means 'temptation', 'trial', or 'testing'. It refers to an external enticement to sin or an internal struggle, or a test of one's faith or character. It is often used in the context of spiritual challenges or moral dilemmas.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (assuming it's a misspelling of a feminine noun like 'πειρασις' or 'πειρασμός' which is masculine, but the ending '-θις' is unusual and might suggest a feminine form if it were a different word, however, the most likely scenario is a misspelling of 'πειρασμός' or 'πειρασις')

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΠΕΙΡΑ

G3985