2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-OY-no-kho-os

Translations: chief cupbearer, a chief cupbearer, chief butler, a chief butler

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'chief cupbearer' or 'chief butler'. It refers to the head servant responsible for serving wine to a king or high-ranking official. This person would often hold a position of trust and importance within the royal court. It is used as a singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), derived from ἈΡΧΩΝ (archon), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ΟΙΝΟΧΟΟΣ (oinochoos), meaning 'wine-pourer' or 'cupbearer'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-see-toh-poy-OS

Translations: chief baker, a chief baker, head baker, a head baker

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'chief baker' or 'head baker'. It refers to the person in charge of preparing bread and other baked goods, often for a royal household or a significant establishment. It is used to denote a high-ranking official responsible for the culinary aspect of baking.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: This is a compound word formed from three elements: ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal'; ΣΙΤΟ- (sito-), derived from σῖτος (sitos), meaning 'grain' or 'food'; and -ΠΟΙΟΣ (-poios), from ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do', here referring to a 'maker'. Thus, it literally means 'chief food maker' or 'chief grain maker'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH

Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

G5328

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-rah-OH

Translations: Pharaoh

Notes: This word refers to the title of the ancient Egyptian kings. It is used to denote the ruler of Egypt, particularly in the context of the Old Testament and New Testament narratives, such as the Exodus story. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of its grammatical function in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The word Φαραώ (Pharaō) is a transliteration of the Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (parʿōh), which itself comes from the Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ, meaning 'great house' or 'palace'. This term eventually became a title for the king.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G1416

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DYS-in

Translations: setting, sunset, west, a setting, a sunset, a west

Notes: This word refers to the act of setting, particularly of the sun or other celestial bodies. It can also refer to the direction where the sun sets, which is the west. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate the time of day when the sun goes down or the geographical direction of the west.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΜΗ

Etymology: From the verb δύω (dyō), meaning 'to enter, to sink, to set'. It refers to the action of something sinking or setting, especially the sun.

G2135

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-NOO-khoys

Translations: to eunuchs, for eunuchs

Notes: This word refers to a eunuch, a castrated man, often employed in ancient courts as an attendant, chamberlain, or guardian of a harem. It can also refer to someone who is celibate or abstains from marriage for religious or spiritual reasons. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' eunuchs.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΠΑΔΩΝ

Etymology: The word Εὐνοῦχος (eunouchos) comes from two Greek words: εὐνή (eunē), meaning 'bed', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to keep'. Thus, it literally means 'bed-keeper' or 'guardian of the bedchamber', referring to their role in royal households.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he made, she made, it made, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' 'to make,' or 'to appoint.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used in sentences like 'He placed the book on the table' or 'She appointed him as leader.' The middle/passive voice suggests the subject either performed the action for themselves or had the action done to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΒΑΛΕΝ, ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ, ἘΘΗΚΕΝ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LAH-kay

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a place of confinement like a prison, or the act of guarding or keeping. It can also denote a watch or a period of time during which a watch is kept, such as a night watch. It is used to describe both the person who guards and the place or action of guarding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

Etymology: From the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, or preserve'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1201

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: des-moh-TEE-ree-on

Translations: prison, a prison, jail, a jail, dungeon, a dungeon

Notes: This word refers to a place of confinement or imprisonment, such as a prison, jail, or dungeon. It is used to describe a facility where individuals are held captive, often as a form of punishment or detention. It can be used in sentences like 'He was cast into the prison' or 'They were held in the dungeon.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΟΧΥΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ (desmōtērion) is derived from the Greek word ΔΕΣΜΟΣ (desmos), meaning 'bond' or 'fetter', combined with the suffix -ΤΗΡΙΟΝ (-tērion), which denotes a place or instrument. Thus, it literally means 'a place of bonds' or 'a place for binding'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-es-TAY-sen

Translations: he commended, he introduced, he established, he proved, he stood together, he brought together

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb συνίστημι (synistēmi). It is a compound verb formed from σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'he commended' or 'he introduced' someone, 'he established' or 'he proved' something, or 'he brought together' or 'he stood together' with others. It describes an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-des-MOH-tays

Translations: chief jailer, a chief jailer, chief prison keeper, a chief prison keeper

Notes: This is a compound noun meaning 'chief jailer' or 'chief prison keeper'. It refers to the person in charge of a prison and its prisoners. It is formed from 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'ruler', and 'δεσμώτης' (desmōtēs), meaning 'prisoner' or 'one in bonds', but in this compound, it refers to the one who holds the bonds, i.e., the jailer. It is used to describe the head of a prison facility.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'δεσμώτης' (desmōtēs), meaning 'jailer' or 'prisoner'. 'Ἀρχι-' comes from 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule'. 'Δεσμώτης' comes from 'δεσμός' (desmos), meaning 'bond' or 'fetter'.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ES-tee

Translations: stood by, presented, appeared, assisted, stood near, stood ready, offered, showed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi). It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'near', and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Therefore, it generally means 'to stand beside', 'to present oneself', 'to appear', 'to assist', or 'to offer'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating someone or something stood by, presented themselves, or appeared in a specific situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: I saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Specifically, it is an aorist indicative form, which describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be used for various subjects, such as 'I saw', 'he/she/it saw', or 'they saw', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕἸΔΟΝ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.

G0297

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: am-foh-TEH-roy

Translations: both

Notes: This word means 'both' and is used to refer to two people or things collectively. It emphasizes that two distinct entities are included in a statement or action.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., masculine, feminine, neuter; singular, plural; nominative, genitive, dative, accusative).

Etymology: The word 'ἀμφότεροι' is derived from the prefix 'ἀμφί' (amphi), meaning 'on both sides' or 'around', combined with a form related to 'ἕτερος' (heteros), meaning 'other' or 'one of two'.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAH-teh-ross

Translations: each, each one, both

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'each' or 'each one' of two distinct entities. It is used to refer to one of two individuals or groups, emphasizing their distinctness while still considering them within a pair. It can also be translated as 'both' when referring to two things individually rather than as a collective unit.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΟΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: From a combination of the prefix 'heka-' (each) and 'heteros' (other). It refers to one of two, or each of two.

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G1797

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-YOO-pnee-oo

Translations: of a dream, of dream, of a vision, of vision

Notes: This word refers to a dream or a vision, often one that occurs during sleep. It is used to describe the content or nature of a dream, or something that is seen in a vision. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, such as 'of the dream' or 'of the vision'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ὈΝΕΙΡΟΥ, ὈΡΑΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔνυπνος (enyupnos, “in sleep, dreaming”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + ὕπνος (hupnos, “sleep”).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G5015

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: teh-ta-RAG-meh-noy

Translations: troubled, disturbed, agitated, perplexed, those who are troubled, those who are disturbed

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been troubled or is in a state of being troubled. It indicates a state of agitation, confusion, or distress, often referring to a mental or emotional disturbance. It can be used to describe people who are anxious, perplexed, or upset.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΚΕΧΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΩΝΤΕΣ

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ROH-tah

Translations: asked, was asking, questioned, was questioning, inquired, was inquiring, requested, was requesting

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to question', or 'to inquire'. It is in the imperfect tense, active voice, and indicative mood, indicating an action that was ongoing, repeated, or in progress in the past. It is used for a third-person singular subject.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΠΥΝΘΆΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΡΩΤΆΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to ask' or 'to speak'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SOH-pah

Translations: faces, countenances, presences, persons, appearances

Notes: This word refers to faces, countenances, or presences. It can also denote a person or an outward appearance. In a broader sense, it can refer to the surface of something. It is the plural form of the noun 'prosopon'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΕΙΣ, ΕΙΔΗ, ΥΠΟΣΤΑΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'prosopon' is a compound word formed from 'pros' (πρός), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ops' (ὤψ), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It originally referred to the part of the face that is seen, then extended to mean the face itself, and later a person or presence.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DOH-men

Translations: we saw, we have seen

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we saw' or 'we have seen'. It is the first person plural form of the aorist tense of the verb 'to see'. It is used to describe an action of seeing that occurred in the past and is completed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ἘΘΕΑΣΑΜΕΝ, ἘΒΛΕΨΑΜΕΝ

Etymology: The root verb εἶδον (eidon) is an aorist form used as the past tense of ὁράω (horaō, 'to see'). It comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'.

G4793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-KREE-nohn

Translations: comparing, interpreting, discerning, explaining, judging, a comparer, an interpreter

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who compares' or 'one who interprets'. It describes the action of bringing things together to discern their differences or similarities, or to explain the meaning of something, especially in the context of dreams or visions. It can be used to describe someone who is in the process of comparing or interpreting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΚΡΙΝΩΝ

Etymology: From σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. The combination implies judging or separating things together, leading to the sense of comparing or interpreting.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH-ee

Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1285

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-SAH-fay-sees

Translations: explanation, an explanation, interpretation, a clear understanding

Notes: This word refers to a clear explanation, interpretation, or a making plain of something. It is used to describe the act of clarifying or making understandable something that was previously obscure or difficult to grasp. It is a compound word, formed from 'διά' (through, thoroughly) and 'σαφής' (clear, distinct).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΑ, ΕΠΙΛΥΣΙΣ, ΔΗΛΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb διασαφέω (diasapheō), meaning 'to make clear, explain thoroughly', which is itself derived from διά (dia, 'through, thoroughly') and σαφής (saphēs, 'clear, distinct').

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5258

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HYP-noh

Translations: (to) sleep, (to) a sleep, (of) sleep

Notes: This word refers to the state of sleep or slumber. It is often used in a literal sense to describe the act of sleeping, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to a state of spiritual unawareness or even death. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case to mean 'to sleep' or 'for sleep', and in the genitive case to mean 'of sleep'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative or Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΗΣΙΣ, ΝΥΣΤΑΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sup-no- (sleep), from root *swep- (to sleep).

G0288

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AM-peh-los

Translations: vine, a vine, vineyard

Notes: This word refers to a vine, specifically a grape vine, or by extension, a vineyard. It is commonly used in agricultural contexts and can also be used metaphorically, such as in the New Testament where Jesus refers to himself as 'the true vine'. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΜΑ, ΟΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ἈΜΠΕΛΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used since ancient times to refer to the grape vine.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-on

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, in the presence of, before, against, an opposite thing

Notes: This word can function as an adjective, an adverb, or a preposition. As an adjective, it describes something as being opposite or contrary. As an adverb, it means 'opposite' or 'over against'. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case and means 'in the presence of', 'before', or 'against'. It denotes a position or action in opposition to or in front of something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and ἈΝΤΙΟΣ (opposite, facing).

G4439

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pyth-MEH-nes

Translations: bottoms, roots, stocks, trunks

Notes: This word refers to the bottom part of something, such as the base, foundation, or the root/stock of a plant or tree. In a figurative sense, it can refer to the origin or fundamental part of something. It is used to describe the lowest part or the supporting structure.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΙΖΑΙ, ΒΑΣΕΙΣ, ΘΕΜΕΛΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΥΘΜΗΝ (pythmēn) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'depth' or 'bottom'. It refers to the lowest part or foundation.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: thal-LOO-sah

Translations: flourishing, blooming, thriving, budding, sprouting

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'flourishing' or 'blooming.' It describes something that is actively growing, thriving, or putting forth new shoots. It is used to indicate a continuous state of growth or vitality.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΘΑΛΛΩ, ΒΛΑΣΤΑΝΩ, ΑΥΞΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΛΛΩ (thallō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bloom' or 'to sprout.' It is associated with concepts of growth and vitality.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-NEH-noh-khoo-ee-ah

Translations: having brought up, having offered up, having borne up, having produced

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, feminine, singular, nominative, derived from the verb ἀναφέρω (anapherō). It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It means 'having brought up' or 'having offered up,' often implying the act of bearing fruit or producing something, or carrying something upwards.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΓΩ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-bon

Translations: I took, they took, I received, they received, I seized, they seized

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to seize'. The ending '-ον' indicates that it can be either the first person singular ('I took/received/seized') or the third person plural ('they took/received/seized'). The aorist tense describes a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasis on its duration or repetition. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they took the book' or 'I received the message'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ETH-lip-sa

Translations: I squeezed out, I pressed out, I crushed, I oppressed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb θλίβω (thlibō), meaning 'to press' or 'to afflict'. Therefore, it literally means 'to press out' or 'to squeeze out'. It can be used in a literal sense, such as squeezing juice from grapes, or metaphorically, meaning to oppress or crush someone, forcing them out of a place or position.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΘΛΙΒΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΣΥΝΘΛΙΒΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soong-KREE-sees

Translations: comparison, interpretation, explanation, a comparison, an interpretation, an explanation

Notes: This noun refers to the act of comparing things, or to the interpretation or explanation of something, such as a dream or a difficult passage. It implies bringing things together to discern their meaning or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΑ, ΔΙΑΣΑΦΗΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΛΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb συγκρίνω (synkrinō), meaning 'to compare, to interpret', which is formed from σύν (syn, 'with, together') and κρίνω (krinō, 'to judge, to discern').

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-kah-tah-STEE-say

Translations: restore, will restore, establish, will establish, put back, will put back, return, will return

Notes: This word means to restore, establish, or put back into a former state. It is often used in the context of returning something to its original condition or bringing about a restoration. It can also imply establishing something firmly. In a sentence, it would function as the main verb, indicating an action of restoration or establishment.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΝΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-sees

Translations: you will give, you may give, you should give, that you give

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to give'. It can be either a future tense verb, meaning 'you will give', or an aorist subjunctive verb, which expresses a potential action or a command, often translated as 'you may give' or 'you should give'. It is used when referring to a single person performing the action of giving.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future Active Indicative or Aorist Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present tense form, which emphasizes the ongoing or repeated nature of the action in some contexts.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mnays-THEE-tee

Translations: remember, be mindful of, recall

Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'remember!' or 'be mindful of!'. It is a command or an entreaty to recall something to mind or to keep something in memory. It is often used in prayers or direct addresses, urging someone to not forget a person, an event, or a covenant.

Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΜΝΗΜΑΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the root μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is related to the concept of memory and recollection.

G4572

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: seh-af-TOO

Translations: of yourself, of thyself

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'of yourself' or 'of thyself'. It is used when the action of the verb reflects back on the subject. It is a compound word formed from the second person pronoun 'σύ' (you) and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (self).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the second person pronoun ΣΥ (you) and the intensive pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self). It developed from earlier forms of these words in Ancient Greek.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity

Notes: ἘΛΕΟΣ refers to active compassion, pity, or mercy, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by God to humanity. It implies a deep feeling of sympathy that leads to practical help or forgiveness. It is frequently used in the context of God's benevolent actions towards His people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΛΕΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to feel pity' or 'to be moved by compassion'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-AX-eis

Translations: you will lead out, you will bring out, you will take out, you will lead forth, you will bring forth, you will take forth

Notes: This word means to lead, bring, or take someone or something out from a place. It is used to describe the action of guiding or drawing something forth from a specific location or state. For example, it can refer to leading people out of a country or bringing an object out of a container.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ

G3795

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: okh-y-ROH-mah-tos

Translations: of a fortress, of a stronghold, of a prison, of a defense, of a fortified place

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, a stronghold, or a prison. It can be used literally to describe a physical structure built for defense or confinement. In a metaphorical sense, it can refer to a spiritual or intellectual stronghold, such as arguments or philosophies that are strongly held and resist attack. It is the genitive singular form of the noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G1445

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eb-RAH-ee-ohn

Translations: of Hebrews, of the Hebrews, of Jews, of the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the descendants of Eber, more commonly known as the Jewish people or Israelites. It is used to describe the people group, their language, or their customs. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the customs of the Hebrews' or 'one of the Hebrews'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word Ἐβραῖος (Hebraios) comes from the Hebrew word עִבְרִי (ʿivrī), meaning 'one from beyond' or 'one who crossed over', referring to Abraham who crossed the Euphrates River.

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay-sah

Translations: I made, I did, I created, I produced

Notes: This is a common verb meaning 'to make', 'to do', 'to create', or 'to produce'. It describes the act of bringing something into existence or performing an action. The form 'ἘΠΟΙΗΣΑ' specifically indicates a completed action in the past, performed by the speaker ('I'). It is often used in contexts of creation, performance of deeds, or the execution of commands.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1688

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-BAH-lon

Translations: they cast in, they threw in, they put in, they inserted

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΕΜΒΑΛΛΩ', meaning 'to cast in' or 'to throw in'. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point, and performed by a group of people ('they'). It is often used to describe putting something into a container or a place.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΤΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G4793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EK-ree-nen

Translations: he interpreted, he compared, he judged

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ (to judge, discern). In this specific form, it means 'he interpreted' or 'he compared' or 'he judged'. It describes the action of someone making a judgment, discernment, or comparison, often in the context of explaining or understanding something, such as dreams or situations.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΚΡΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ (meaning 'to judge', 'to decide', 'to separate'). The combination implies bringing things together to judge or compare them.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-REIN

Translations: to take up, to lift, to carry, to remove, to take away, to bear, to raise

Notes: ΑἸΡΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΑΙΡΩ. It means 'to take up,' 'to lift,' 'to carry,' or 'to remove.' It is used to express an action without specifying the subject or tense, often functioning like the English 'to' + verb (e.g., 'to lift the weapons'). Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, but it generally involves the action of moving something upwards or away.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΥΨΟΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The verb ΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the idea of lifting or raising.

G2577

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KAH-noh

Translations: to do, to make, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about, to produce, to create, to appoint, to observe, to keep

Notes: This verb means 'to do' or 'to make' and is a very common and versatile verb in Koine Greek. It can refer to performing an action, creating something, bringing about a result, or even observing a custom or law. Its meaning often depends on the context and the direct object it takes.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΝΩ is a variant of the verb ΚΑΜΝΩ (kamnō), meaning 'to toil, to work, to be weary'. Over time, its meaning evolved to the more general 'to do' or 'to make'.

G1883

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-pa-NOH

Translations: above, over, on, upon, up, more than

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'above' or 'on top'. It can also be used as a preposition, often taking the genitive case, to indicate position 'over' or 'upon' something, or to mean 'more than' in a comparative sense. It describes location or superiority.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΙ, ὙΠΕΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above'.

G1081

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-NAY-ma-ton

Translations: of produce, of fruit, of offspring, of children, of descendants, of products, of crops

Notes: This word refers to something that is produced or generated, such as the fruit of a tree, the produce of the ground, or the offspring of living beings. It can also refer to the result or outcome of an action or process. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the source or origin of something, often in a possessive sense.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΩΝ, ΕΚΓΟΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΙΟΝΤΩΝ

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.

G2719

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kat-ays-THEE-en

Translations: was eating up, was devouring, was consuming, devoured, consumed

Notes: This word is an imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'κατεσθίω' (katesthiō), meaning 'to eat up' or 'to devour'. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It implies a complete consumption or destruction of something by eating.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word κατεσθίω (katesthiō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. The combination emphasizes the thoroughness or completeness of the action of eating.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-NEES-thay

Translations: remembered, was reminded, called to mind

Notes: This verb means to remember, to recall, or to be reminded of something. It is often used in the context of God remembering His covenant or people, or people remembering God's works or commands. It can also mean to make mention of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember', which is related to μνήμη (mnēmē), 'memory'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-oy-NO-kho-oo

Translations: of the chief cupbearer, of a chief cupbearer

Notes: This is a compound noun meaning 'chief wine-pourer' or 'chief cupbearer'. It refers to the head servant responsible for serving wine, often a high-ranking official in a royal court. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the cup of the chief cupbearer'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΑΡΧΙΟΙΝΟΧΟΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ΑΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and ΟΙΝΟΧΟΟΣ (oinochoos), meaning 'wine-pourer' or 'cupbearer'. ΟΙΝΟΧΟΟΣ itself comes from ΟΙΝΟΣ (oinos), 'wine', and ΧΕΩ (cheo), 'to pour'.

G0600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-kah-TEH-steh-sen

Translations: restored, returned, put back, reinstated

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to restore, return, or put back something or someone to a former state or place. It is often used in the context of bringing something back to its original condition or reinstating someone to a previous position. It can also mean to pay back or give back.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three parts: ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back'; κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'again'; and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Together, these elements convey the idea of causing something to stand back again or restoring it to its original position.

G2505

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thah

Translations: as, just as, according as

Notes: ΚΑΘΑ is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'as' or 'just as'. It is used to introduce a comparison or to indicate the manner in which something is done, similar to 'according as'. It does not change its form based on gender, number, or case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑ is a contraction of κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ἅ (ha, 'which things'). It is related to the longer forms καθάπερ (kathaper) and καθώς (kathos).

G1950