2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5328

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-rah-OH

Translations: Pharaoh

Notes: This word refers to the title of the ancient Egyptian kings. It is used to denote the ruler of Egypt, particularly in the context of the Old Testament and New Testament narratives, such as the Exodus story. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of its grammatical function in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The word Φαραώ (Pharaō) is a transliteration of the Hebrew פַּרְעֹה (parʿōh), which itself comes from the Egyptian pr-ꜥꜣ, meaning 'great house' or 'palace'. This term eventually became a title for the king.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ess-TAH-nai

Translations: to stand, to have stood, to be set, to be appointed, to be established

Notes: This word is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It generally means 'to stand' or 'to have stood', indicating a state of having taken a stand or being in a standing position. It can also convey the sense of being set, appointed, or established in a particular place or role. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'he desired to stand firm' or 'they were appointed to a position'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΤΑΝΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΝΑΙ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΑΝΑΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EH-by-non

Translations: they were going up, they were ascending, they were coming up, they were climbing, they were rising

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go up,' 'to ascend,' 'to come up,' or 'to climb.' It describes an action of moving upwards, whether literally climbing a mountain, ascending to a higher place, or rising in some other context. It is often used to describe people or things moving from a lower to a higher position.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-KHEH-ee

Translations: Achei, Achi

Notes: This word appears to be a proper noun, likely a variant spelling or a truncated form of a name like 'Achi' or 'Achei', which could be a transliteration of a Hebrew name. In the provided examples, it seems to be part of a longer name like 'Acheitob' (Ahitub), suggesting it might be a component of a compound name or a scribal abbreviation/error. It is not a common standalone word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive

Etymology: This word is likely a transliteration from a Semitic language, possibly Hebrew, into Greek. It does not have a clear Greek etymology.

G3552

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEH-mon-toh

Translations: they were pasturing, they were feeding, they were grazing, they were distributing, they were parceling out

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'νέμω' (nemo). In the middle voice, it means 'to pasture oneself' or 'to feed oneself,' often referring to animals grazing. In the passive voice, it means 'to be pastured' or 'to be fed.' It can also mean 'to distribute' or 'to parcel out,' especially in the active voice, but in this form, the 'feeding' or 'grazing' sense is more common. It describes an ongoing action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΩ, ΠΟΙΜΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign,' which evolved in Greek to also mean 'to pasture' or 'to feed,' as land was distributed for grazing.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5491

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-los

Translations: lip, a lip, shore, a shore, bank, a bank

Notes: This word refers to a lip, as in a part of the mouth. It can also refer to the edge or border of something, such as the shore or bank of a body of water. It is used to describe the physical edge or boundary of an object or geographical feature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΕΙΛΗ, ΑΚΤΗ, ΟΧΘΗ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰei- meaning 'to gape, yawn'.

G2719

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-PHA-gon

Translations: devoured, ate up, consumed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἐσθίω (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'. Together, it means 'to eat down', 'to eat up', or 'to devour completely'. It implies a thorough and destructive consumption, often used metaphorically for destruction or ruin. It can be used in contexts where something is completely consumed, like fire consuming wood, or people consuming resources, or even metaphorically, like enemies destroying a nation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ

G1588

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ek-LEK-tas

Translations: chosen, elect, choice, excellent, select

Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been chosen or selected, often implying a special status or superior quality. It can refer to individuals chosen by God, or to things that are of the highest quality or most desirable. It is used to describe things that are 'choice' or 'excellent'.

Inflection: Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΛΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'eklektos' comes from the verb 'eklegomai', meaning 'to pick out, choose for oneself'. It is formed from 'ek' (out of) and 'legomai' (to pick, gather, say).

G1797

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-yoop-nee-AS-thay

Translations: dreamed, had a dream, was dreaming

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to dream' or 'to have a dream'. It is used to describe the act of experiencing a dream while sleeping. For example, one might say 'he dreamed a dream' or 'she had a dream'. It is often used in narratives to introduce a dream sequence.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Etymology: The word ἘΝΥΠΝΙΑΖΟΜΑΙ (eny̌pniazomai) is derived from the noun ἘΝΥΠΝΙΟΝ (eny̌pnion), meaning 'a dream', which itself comes from ἘΝ (en, 'in') and ΥΠΝΟΣ (hypnos, 'sleep').

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G0417, G5351

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-neh-mo-FTHOR-oy

Translations: blighted by the wind, wind-blasted, wind-damaged, withered by the wind

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from 'wind' (ἄνεμος) and 'destroyed/corrupted' (φθείρω). It describes something that has been damaged or ruined by the wind, such as plants or crops that have withered or been blighted due to exposure to strong winds. It is used to describe things that are in a state of decay or destruction caused by natural elements.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΗΡΟΙ, ΕΞΗΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΑΡΕΝΤΕΣ

G0393

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-FYOO-on-toh

Translations: were springing up, were growing up, were sprouting up

Notes: This word describes something growing or springing up, often from the ground. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb φύω (phyō), meaning 'to bring forth' or 'to grow'. It is used to indicate a process of emergence or development.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΛΑΣΤΑΝΩ, ΑΝΑΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναφύω (anaphyō) is derived from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb φύω (phyō), meaning 'to bring forth, produce, or grow'. The root φύω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grow, become, or appear'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ta-RAKH-thay

Translations: he was troubled, she was troubled, it was troubled, he was disturbed, she was disturbed, it was disturbed, he was agitated, she was agitated, it was agitated

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō). It means 'to be troubled,' 'to be disturbed,' or 'to be agitated.' It describes a state of inner turmoil, fear, or confusion experienced by a person or thing. It is used to indicate that someone or something was caused to be in a state of disquiet or alarm.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0518

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-lohn

Translations: reporting, announcing, telling, declaring, bringing word, one who reports, he who reports

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'reporting' or 'announcing'. It describes someone who is in the act of bringing a message or news. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to tell'. Thus, it literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report back'. It is used to describe the action of delivering a message or news, often with a sense of returning with information.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπαγγέλλω (apangellō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to tell'. The root ἀγγέλλω is related to ἄγγελος (angelos), meaning 'messenger'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G0750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-OY-no-kho-os

Translations: chief cupbearer, a chief cupbearer, chief butler, a chief butler

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'chief cupbearer' or 'chief butler'. It refers to the head servant responsible for serving wine to a king or high-ranking official. This person would often hold a position of trust and importance within the royal court. It is used as a singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), derived from ἈΡΧΩΝ (archon), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ΟΙΝΟΧΟΟΣ (oinochoos), meaning 'wine-pourer' or 'cupbearer'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-MIM-nays-koh

Translations: remind, recall, remember, bring to mind

Notes: This verb means to remind someone of something, or to recall something to one's own mind. It can be used transitively to mean 'to remind someone' or intransitively to mean 'to remember' or 'to recall'. It implies bringing something back into memory or causing it to be remembered.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ὙΠΟΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he made, she made, it made, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' 'to make,' or 'to appoint.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used in sentences like 'He placed the book on the table' or 'She appointed him as leader.' The middle/passive voice suggests the subject either performed the action for themselves or had the action done to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΒΑΛΕΝ, ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ, ἘΘΗΚΕΝ

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LAH-kay

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a place of confinement like a prison, or the act of guarding or keeping. It can also denote a watch or a period of time during which a watch is kept, such as a night watch. It is used to describe both the person who guards and the place or action of guarding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

Etymology: From the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, or preserve'.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koh

Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

G0778

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-des-moh-FYOO-lah-koss

Translations: of the chief jailer, of the chief prison keeper, of the captain of the guard

Notes: This is a compound noun referring to the chief or head of the prison guards or the jailers. It describes the person in charge of the prison or the one who oversees the prisoners and their confinement. The word is formed from 'archi' (chief), 'desmos' (bond/prison), and 'phylax' (guard/keeper).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΦΥΛΑΞ, ΦΥΛΑΞ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three Greek elements: ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first'; δεσμός (desmos), meaning 'bond', 'chain', or 'prison'; and φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'guard' or 'keeper'. It literally means 'chief prison-keeper'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DOH-men

Translations: we saw, we have seen

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'we saw' or 'we have seen'. It is the first person plural form of the aorist tense of the verb 'to see'. It is used to describe an action of seeing that occurred in the past and is completed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ἘΘΕΑΣΑΜΕΝ, ἘΒΛΕΨΑΜΕΝ

Etymology: The root verb εἶδον (eidon) is an aorist form used as the past tense of ὁράω (horaō, 'to see'). It comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to know'.

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G3816

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAIS

Translations: child, a child, boy, a boy, girl, a girl, servant, a servant, slave, a slave

Notes: This word refers to a child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also denote a servant or slave, regardless of age. Its meaning often depends on the context, indicating a young person or someone in a position of servitude. For example, it can refer to a son or daughter, or a male or female attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΚΟΡΑΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peh₂w- ('small, few'). It is related to words meaning 'child' or 'small' in various Indo-European languages.

G1444

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eb-RAH-ee-os

Translations: Hebrew, a Hebrew

Notes: This word refers to a person of Hebrew descent, an Israelite, or someone who speaks the Hebrew language. It can be used as a noun to denote a Hebrew person or as an adjective to describe something as Hebrew.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΗΣ

Etymology: From Aramaic and Hebrew עִבְרִי (ʿiḇrī), meaning 'Hebrew' or 'one from beyond'. It is related to the verb עָבַר (ʿāḇar), meaning 'to pass over' or 'to cross'.

G1334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ay-gee-SAH-meh-tha

Translations: we related, we recounted, we told, we narrated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to relate, recount, narrate, or tell in detail. It describes the act of giving a full account of something, often a story or an event. It is used when a group of people (we) performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout,' and the verb ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ (hegeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to consider.' Thus, it conveys the idea of leading a narrative through to its completion or recounting something thoroughly.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EK-ree-nen

Translations: he interpreted, he compared, he judged

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ (to judge, discern). In this specific form, it means 'he interpreted' or 'he compared' or 'he judged'. It describes the action of someone making a judgment, discernment, or comparison, often in the context of explaining or understanding something, such as dreams or situations.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΚΡΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ (meaning 'to judge', 'to decide', 'to separate'). The combination implies bringing things together to judge or compare them.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay

Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G0600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-kah-tah-stah-THEE-nai

Translations: to be restored, to be re-established, to be brought back, to be returned

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'apokathistēmi'. It means 'to be restored' or 'to be re-established'. It describes an action of being brought back to a former state, position, or condition, or of something being returned. It is often used in contexts of physical restoration, political re-establishment, or spiritual renewal.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ἈΝΑΚΑΙΝΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'ἀπο-' (apo-), meaning 'from' or 'back', and 'καθίστημι' (kathistēmi), meaning 'to set down', 'to establish', or 'to appoint'. Thus, it literally means 'to set back' or 'to re-establish'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G2910

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kre-mas-THE-nai

Translations: to be hanged, to be suspended, to be crucified

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive, meaning 'to be hanged' or 'to be suspended'. It describes the action of being hung up or suspended, often referring to execution by hanging or crucifixion. It can be used in contexts where something is literally suspended, or metaphorically, as in a law 'hanging' on principles.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΤΑΥΡΩΘΗΝΑΙ, ΑΝΑΡΤΗΘΗΝΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek κρεμάννυμι (kremánnumi), meaning 'to hang, suspend'.

G3795

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: okh-y-ROH-mah-tos

Translations: of a fortress, of a stronghold, of a prison, of a defense, of a fortified place

Notes: This word refers to a fortified place, a stronghold, or a prison. It can be used literally to describe a physical structure built for defense or confinement. In a metaphorical sense, it can refer to a spiritual or intellectual stronghold, such as arguments or philosophies that are strongly held and resist attack. It is the genitive singular form of the noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ

G0236

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eel-LAX-an

Translations: they changed, they exchanged, they altered

Notes: This word describes the action of changing, exchanging, or altering something. It is used to indicate that a group of people (they) performed this action in the past. For example, it can refer to changing clothes, altering laws, or exchanging one thing for another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΜΕΙΒΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀλλάσσω (allassō) comes from the Greek word ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It signifies the act of making something different or turning it into something else.

G4793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-KREE-nohn

Translations: comparing, interpreting, discerning, explaining, judging, a comparer, an interpreter

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who compares' or 'one who interprets'. It describes the action of bringing things together to discern their differences or similarities, or to explain the meaning of something, especially in the context of dreams or visions. It can be used to describe someone who is in the process of comparing or interpreting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΚΡΙΝΩΝ

Etymology: From σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. The combination implies judging or separating things together, leading to the sense of comparing or interpreting.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn

Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-koo-SAN-tah

Translations: having heard, after hearing, when they heard, a hearer

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is completed, indicating that someone 'having heard' or 'after hearing' something, then proceeds to do something else. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the circumstances of an action. For example, 'having heard the news, he departed'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G4793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-KREE-nai

Translations: to compare, to interpret, to discern, to judge, to explain

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ (KRINO), meaning 'to judge' or 'to discern'. In its various forms, it can mean to bring things together for comparison, to interpret or explain something (like a dream), or to judge and discern between things. It implies a process of evaluating or understanding by bringing elements into relation with each other.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ

G0427

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ah-NEH-oo

Translations: without, apart from, besides

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'without' or 'apart from'. It is used to indicate the absence of something or someone, or to denote separation. It typically takes the genitive case, indicating that something is done or exists in the absence of the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ, ΕΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'without' or 'not', combined with the adverb εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good'.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEE-seh-tai

Translations: he will answer, she will answer, it will answer, he will reply, she will reply, it will reply

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to answer" or "to reply." It is often used in contexts where someone is responding to a question, a statement, or a situation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "away from," and the verb κρίνομαι (krinomai), meaning "to judge" or "to decide," implying a response that comes out of a judgment or decision.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G4992

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: so-TEE-ree-on

Translations: salvation, deliverance, saving health, a salvation, a deliverance, a saving health

Notes: This word refers to that which brings salvation or deliverance. It is often used to describe God's act of saving or the state of being saved. It can also refer to the means or instrument of salvation. In the New Testament, it frequently denotes the spiritual salvation offered through Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ, ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save, preserve, rescue'. From this verb came the noun σωτήρ (sōtēr), meaning 'savior', and then the adjective σωτήριος (sōtērios), meaning 'saving' or 'salvific'. ΣΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ is the neuter form of this adjective, often substantivized to mean 'salvation' or 'that which saves'.

G5258

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HYP-noh

Translations: (to) sleep, (to) a sleep, (of) sleep

Notes: This word refers to the state of sleep or slumber. It is often used in a literal sense to describe the act of sleeping, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to a state of spiritual unawareness or even death. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case to mean 'to sleep' or 'for sleep', and in the genitive case to mean 'of sleep'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative or Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΗΣΙΣ, ΝΥΣΤΑΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sup-no- (sleep), from root *swep- (to sleep).

G3694

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: O-PI-so

Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-ahs

Translations: such as, of what kind, what kind of, what sort of, of what sort, as, like

Notes: ΟΙΑΣ is an adjective or relative pronoun meaning 'such as' or 'of what kind'. It is used to introduce a clause that describes the nature or quality of something previously mentioned. It can also function as a relative pronoun, referring back to an antecedent and specifying its nature. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He is a man of what kind of character?' or 'He did such deeds as were righteous.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ (hoios) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos, 'this') or to the interrogative pronoun 'τίς' (tis, 'who, what'). It is used to express comparison or quality.

G0150

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-SKHRO-teh-ras

Translations: more shameful, more base, more ugly, more disgraceful

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective meaning 'more shameful', 'more base', 'more ugly', or 'more disgraceful'. It describes something that is worse or more morally reprehensible than something else. It is used to compare two things, indicating that one possesses the quality of shamefulness, baseness, or ugliness to a greater degree.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΤΕΡΑΣ, ΚΑΚΟΤΕΡΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΣΧΡΟΣ (aischros) comes from αἶσχος (aischos), meaning 'shame' or 'disgrace'.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-tas

Translations: first, a first, former, earliest, chief, principal

Notes: This word describes something that is first in time, order, rank, or importance. It can refer to the initial item in a sequence, the original or former thing, or something that holds a preeminent position. In the provided examples, it is used to describe 'first violence,' 'first tablets,' and 'first cows,' indicating an initial or original state.

Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the Greek preposition πρό (pró, before).

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EL-thon

Translations: they entered, they came in, they went in

Notes: This word is the aorist form of the verb 'to enter' or 'to come in'. It describes an action of moving into a place or situation that occurred in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things performed the action of entering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2836

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-lee-AS

Translations: of the belly, of the womb, of the stomach, of the innermost being

Notes: ΚΟΙΛΙΑΣ is the genitive singular form of the noun ΚΟΙΛΙΑ (koilia). It primarily refers to the physical belly or abdomen. However, it can also metaphorically denote the womb, the stomach, or even the innermost being or heart, representing one's deepest feelings or thoughts. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'from the belly' or 'of the womb'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΣΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΙΛΙΑ (koilia) derives from the Greek adjective κοῖλος (koilos), meaning 'hollow' or 'concave', referring to the hollow space of the abdomen.

G1213

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ah-dee-LOI

Translations: clear, manifest, evident, plain, obvious

Notes: This word describes something that is clear, manifest, or evident. It is used to indicate that something is made plain or easily understood. It can be used in a sentence to describe a situation or fact that is not hidden or obscure.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word διαδηλόω (diadēloō) is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb δηλόω (dēloō), meaning 'to make clear' or 'to show'. Thus, it means 'to make thoroughly clear' or 'to make manifest'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2505

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thah

Translations: as, just as, according as

Notes: ΚΑΘΑ is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'as' or 'just as'. It is used to introduce a comparison or to indicate the manner in which something is done, similar to 'according as'. It does not change its form based on gender, number, or case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑ is a contraction of κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ἅ (ha, 'which things'). It is related to the longer forms καθάπερ (kathaper) and καθώς (kathos).

G1825

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ex-eh-GER-thays

Translations: having arisen, having awakened, having been roused, having been stirred up

Notes: This word is a past participle derived from the verb 'ex-egeiro', meaning 'to awaken' or 'to rouse'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It implies a state of being awakened or having been stirred into action, often from sleep or inactivity. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'having arisen from sleep' or 'having been roused to action'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΣΤΑΣ, ἘΓΕΡΘΕΙΣ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: I saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Specifically, it is an aorist indicative form, which describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be used for various subjects, such as 'I saw', 'he/she/it saw', or 'they saw', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕἸΔΟΝ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OH-men-oy

Translations: having, holding, possessing, next to, adjoining, following, bordering, contiguous

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. When used as a participle, it often describes something that is 'having' or 'holding' something. However, in Koine Greek, it frequently takes on a spatial or temporal meaning, indicating something that is 'next to', 'adjoining', 'following', or 'bordering' something else. It can describe proximity or succession.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΓΓΥΣ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΑΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G0305

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-BIGH-noo-sigh

Translations: going up, ascending, rising, coming up, climbing, embarking, growing up

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'going up' or 'ascending'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be used to describe people, animals, or things that are moving upwards, such as climbing a mountain, rising from the dead, or plants growing. It often implies movement from a lower to a higher place.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go up' or 'to step up'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-SON-tai

Translations: they will be, they shall be

Notes: This word is the third person plural future indicative form of the verb 'to be'. It signifies that a group of subjects will exist or will be in a particular state or condition at some point in the future. It is used to express future existence, identity, or a future state of being for multiple entities.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to the earliest stages of the Indo-European language family.

G4487

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RHE-ma

Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance

Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-RAY-kah

Translations: I have said, I have spoken, I have told

Notes: This is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or relevance in the present. It is used to express that the speaker has completed the act of saying something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΛΑΛΗΚΑ, ΕΙΠΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb ἐρέω (eréō), meaning 'to ask, say, speak'. The perfect stem εἴρηκα (eírēka) is used for the perfect tense of this verb.

G2150

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-thay-NEE-ah

Translations: abundance, prosperity, a prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of abundance, prosperity, or well-being. It describes a situation where there is plenty of something, often in a material sense, indicating a flourishing or thriving condition. It is typically used to describe a period or state of affluence.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΟΡΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΗΜΕΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΘΗΝΙΑ (euthēnia) is derived from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and θηνία (thēnia), related to θάλλω (thallō), meaning 'to flourish' or 'to bloom'. Thus, it literally means 'good flourishing' or 'well-being'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0355

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-LOH-say

Translations: will consume, will destroy, will spend, will waste

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to consume,' 'to destroy,' 'to spend,' or 'to waste.' It is often used to describe something being completely used up or destroyed, such as by fire, famine, or other destructive forces. It can also refer to spending money or resources.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΝΑΛΙΣΚΩ, ΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ, ΕΚΔΑΠΑΝΑΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, again, back') and ἁλίσκω (halískō, 'to be captured, to be taken'). The combination implies being 'taken up' or 'consumed completely'.

G3042

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LEE-mos

Translations: famine, a famine, hunger

Notes: This word refers to a severe scarcity of food, leading to widespread hunger and starvation. It is commonly used to describe a period of great want or scarcity, often with devastating consequences for a region or its people. It can also refer more generally to hunger itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΝΑ, ΑΥΧΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'λιμός' (limos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to lack' or 'to be hungry'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to denote hunger or famine.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-gno-STHEE-seh-tai

Translations: will be known, will be recognized, will be fully known, will be understood

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, in addition to) and the verb 'γινώσκω' (to know). It means to know fully, to recognize, to understand completely, or to become aware of. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future and is passive, meaning the subject will be the one known or recognized by others.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπιγινώσκω is formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. The prefix ἐπί intensifies the meaning of knowing, suggesting a full or complete knowledge.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-SOH-meh-noo

Translations: of being about to be, of the future, of that which is to come

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the future participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something that is 'about to be' or 'that which is to come'. It functions like an adjective or noun, indicating a future state or event, often translated as 'future' or 'coming'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Future Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The verb εἰμί (eimi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁es-, meaning 'to be'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G2478

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: iss-khoo-ROS

Translations: strong, mighty, powerful, a strong one, a mighty one

Notes: This word describes something or someone possessing great strength, power, or might. It can refer to physical strength, but also to authority, influence, or effectiveness. It is often used to describe God or powerful individuals.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΡΩΜΑΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἸΣΧΥΡΟΣ (ischyros) is derived from the noun ἸΣΧΥΣ (ischys), meaning 'strength' or 'might'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G0227

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-lay-THES

Translations: true, real, a true thing, the truth

Notes: This word means 'true' or 'real'. As an adjective, it describes something as being in accordance with fact or reality. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'that which is true' or 'the truth' itself, often referring to a concept or statement that is factual and reliable. In the provided examples, it is used substantively to refer to 'the truth' or 'a true thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ

G5429

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: froh-NEE-mon

Translations: prudent, wise, sensible, intelligent, discreet, a prudent thing, a wise thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something as having practical wisdom, good judgment, or being sensible. It implies a shrewdness or discretion in practical matters, often in contrast to theoretical knowledge. It can be used to describe a person who acts with foresight and caution.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΝΟΥΝΕΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ (phronimos) derives from the Greek verb φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think, to be minded, to be prudent'. This verb itself comes from φρήν (phrēn), which refers to the mind, intellect, or understanding.

G4908

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: soo-NEH-ton

Translations: intelligent, understanding, discerning, prudent, wise, a wise person

Notes: This word describes someone who possesses understanding, intelligence, or discernment. It refers to a person who is quick to grasp concepts, make sound judgments, or act prudently. It can be used to describe a wise or discerning individual.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΕΜΦΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ (synetos) comes from the verb ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ (syniemi), meaning 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the root ΙΗΜΙ (hiemi), meaning 'to send' or 'to put'.

G5115

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: toh-PAR-khas

Translations: toparchs, governors, rulers of a district, a toparch, a governor, a ruler of a district

Notes: This word refers to a ruler or governor of a specific district or region. It is a compound word derived from 'τόπος' (place) and 'ἄρχω' (to rule). It describes someone who holds authority over a particular locality, often a smaller administrative division within a larger kingdom or empire.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΣΑΤΡΑΠΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΠΑΡΧΗΣ is a compound of two Greek words: τόπος (topos), meaning 'place' or 'region', and ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to lead'. Thus, it literally means 'ruler of a place'.

G0649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-PEMP-toh-sah-toh-sahn

Translations: let them send away, they should send away, let them dismiss, they should dismiss, let them release, they should release

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to send away, dismiss, or release. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send'. It is used to command or instruct a group of people to perform the action of sending someone or something away.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΑΤΩΣΑΝ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΙΛΑΤΩΣΑΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: er-KHO-meh-nohn

Translations: coming, going, a coming, a going, those coming, those going, of those coming, of those going

Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. In this form, it refers to 'those who are coming' or 'those who are going', often implying a group or a general state of arrival or departure. It can be used to describe people, events, or things that are in the process of arriving or moving.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΙΟΝΤΩΝ

G2570

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-LON

Translations: good, beautiful, noble, excellent, right, of good, of beautiful, of noble, of excellent, a good thing, a beautiful thing, a noble thing, an excellent thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning good, beautiful, noble, or excellent. It describes the quality or nature of something or someone. It can refer to moral goodness, physical beauty, or high quality. It is used to modify nouns, agreeing with them in gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Masculine, Genitive, Plural; or Neuter, Nominative, Singular; or Neuter, Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΓΕΝΗΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G5442

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: peh-foo-LAG-meh-nah

Translations: guarded, kept, preserved, protected, things guarded, things kept, things preserved, things protected

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle (neuter plural) of the verb 'φυλάσσω' (phylassō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been guarded or kept. It can also be used substantively as a noun, referring to 'things that have been guarded' or 'that which is kept'. It implies a state of being protected or maintained.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΗΡΗΜΕΝΑ, ΔΙΑΤΕΤΗΡΗΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word 'φυλάσσω' (phylassō) comes from the Greek root 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'. It is related to the idea of keeping watch or protecting something.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G1633

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-tree-BEE-seh-tai

Translations: it will be destroyed, it will be wiped out, it will be blotted out, it will be utterly destroyed

Notes: This word describes an action that will happen in the future, indicating that something will be completely destroyed, wiped out, or blotted out. It is used in a passive sense, meaning the subject of the verb will be the one acted upon, rather than performing the action. It emphasizes complete annihilation or removal.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΣΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΤΑΙ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ

Etymology: From ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and τρίβω (tribō), meaning 'to rub' or 'to wear out'. The compound verb thus means 'to rub out' or 'to wear out completely'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-on

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, in the presence of, before, against, an opposite thing

Notes: This word can function as an adjective, an adverb, or a preposition. As an adjective, it describes something as being opposite or contrary. As an adverb, it means 'opposite' or 'over against'. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case and means 'in the presence of', 'before', or 'against'. It denotes a position or action in opposition to or in front of something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and ἈΝΤΙΟΣ (opposite, facing).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-ton

Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G5429

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: froh-nee-MOH-teh-ross

Translations: wiser, more prudent, more sensible, more understanding

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'wiser' or 'more prudent'. It is derived from the adjective 'ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ' (phronimos), which means 'prudent' or 'sensible'. As a comparative, it indicates a higher degree of wisdom or prudence than something else. It would be used in sentences like 'He is wiser than his brother' or 'This decision is more prudent'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΩΤΕΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΤΩΤΕΡΟΣ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-see

Translations: you will be

Notes: This word is a form of the verb "to be" in Koine Greek. It indicates a future state or existence for a single person being addressed. For example, it can be used in sentences like "you will be happy" or "you will be there."

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice (deponent)

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to be" or "to exist." It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G5247

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-EX-oh

Translations: I will be preeminent, I will excel, I will surpass, I will be superior

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition "ὑπέρ" (hyper), meaning "over" or "above," and the verb "ἔχω" (echō), meaning "to have" or "to hold." Together, it means to be preeminent, to excel, or to be superior. It describes a state of being above or having power over something or someone, indicating a position of authority or supremacy. It is used to express that one will hold a position of greater power or authority than another.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition "ὑπέρ" (hyper), meaning "over, above, beyond," and the verb "ἔχω" (echō), meaning "to have, hold." The prefix "ὑπέρ" is from Proto-Indo-European, and "ἔχω" is also from Proto-Indo-European roots related to holding or possessing.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TEE-mee

Translations: appoint, set, establish, place, make, constitute

Notes: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to set down, to appoint, to establish, or to place someone or something in a particular position or role. It is often used in contexts of authority, such as appointing officials or establishing laws.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The combination implies setting something down or establishing it firmly.

G4014

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: taking off, removing, taking away, having taken off, having removed, having taken away

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'περιαίρεω' (periaireō), meaning 'to take away from around', 'to remove', or 'to strip off'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often indicating a preceding or simultaneous action. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΔΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'περιαίρεω' (periaireō) is a compound of the preposition 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. This combination conveys the sense of taking something from around an object or person.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ross

Translations: of hand, of a hand, of the hand, of power, of authority, of control

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In Koine Greek, 'hand' can refer not only to the physical limb but also metaphorically to power, authority, control, or agency. When used in the genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the agent by which something is done, thus translating to 'of hand' or 'by the hand of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'χείρ' (cheir) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰesr-, meaning 'hand'. It is related to words for hand in other Indo-European languages.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-thee-ken

Translations: he put around, he placed around, he put on, he clothed, he adorned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri, 'around') and the verb τίθημι (tithemi, 'to put, place'). It means to put or place something around another object or person, often implying an act of clothing, adorning, or encircling. It can be used to describe putting on garments, placing a crown, or even bestowing honor or authority upon someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΟΣΜΕΩ

G2853

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kloh-EE-on

Translations: collar, a collar, chain, a chain, yoke, a yoke, bond, a bond

Notes: This word refers to a collar, chain, or yoke, typically something worn around the neck. It can signify either an adornment, like a golden necklace, or a symbol of servitude and bondage, such as a yoke placed on an animal or a person.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΖΥΓΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb κλείω (kleiō), meaning 'to shut' or 'to close', suggesting something that encloses or binds.

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-A-ree

Translations: he will take away, he will remove, he will destroy, he will lift up, he will exalt

Notes: ἘΞΑΡΕΙ is a form of the verb ἐξαίρω, meaning 'to take out, remove, lift up, destroy, or exalt'. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (out of) and the verb αἴρω (to lift, take up). Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a complete removal or elevation. It can be used to describe the removal of something physical, the destruction of enemies, or the exaltation of a person or concept.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΕΛΩ

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or even authority, as a name often represents the person or entity itself. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive; Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. It is cognate with Latin nōmen and English name.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: psohn-THOHM-fah-nekh

Translations: Psomthomphanech, Zaphnath-Paaneah

Notes: This word is a proper noun, specifically a transliteration of an Egyptian name given to Joseph by Pharaoh. It is generally understood to mean 'revealer of secrets' or 'savior of the world'. It functions as a name in a sentence, identifying a specific person.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of an ancient Egyptian name, likely 'Djed-pa-netjer-iw-f-ankh' or a similar form, which was given to Joseph by Pharaoh in the biblical narrative. It is not derived from Greek roots.

G5144

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: tree-AH-kon-tah

Translations: thirty

Notes: This word means 'thirty' and is used to denote the number 30. It functions as an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It is typically used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of thirty units.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From τρεῖς (treis, “three”) and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”), indicating multiples of ten. It is cognate with Latin triginta and English thirty.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHL-then

Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, he came out, she came out, it came out, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has exited or left a specific area.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: gathered, collected, assembled

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb συναγω (synago). It means to gather together, collect, or assemble. It is a compound word formed from the preposition συν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb αγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead or bring together'. It is used to describe the action of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G3976

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-dee-OHN

Translations: of plains, of fields, of flatlands

Notes: This word refers to a plain, a field, or a flat, open area of land. It is used to describe geographical features, often in the context of battles, agriculture, or travel across open country. In the provided examples, it describes the plains of Judea and the trees of the fields.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΩΝ, ΧΩΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word "πεδίον" (pedion) comes from the Ancient Greek word "πέδον" (pedon), meaning "ground" or "soil."

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G4621

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SEE-tos

Translations: grain, a grain, corn, a corn, wheat, a wheat, food, a food

Notes: This word refers to grain, especially wheat, or more generally, food. It is often used in contexts related to agriculture, provisions, or sustenance. It can be used to describe the crop itself or the prepared food derived from it.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΙΤΕΙΑ, ΣΙΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word "σῖτος" (sitos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to refer to grain or food.

G5616

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-say

Translations: as if, as, like, about, approximately, some, nearly

Notes: ΩΣΕΙ is an adverb or conjunction used to indicate comparison, approximation, or similarity. It can mean "as if," "like," "about," or "approximately." It is often used to describe a quantity or duration that is not exact, or to introduce a hypothetical situation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὡς (hōs), meaning "as" or "like," combined with the particle εἰ (ei), meaning "if."

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0706

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-rith-MOS

Translations: number, a number

Notes: This word refers to a quantity, a count, or a total. It is used to denote how many of something there are, or a specific numerical value. For example, it can refer to the number of people, the number of days, or a specific number like 'sixty'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΠΟΣΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ri-dʰh₁-mo-, related to counting or fitting. It is connected to the verb ἀρέσκω (areskō), meaning 'to please' or 'to fit'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G2364

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-GAH-teer

Translations: daughter, a daughter

Notes: This word refers to a female offspring, a daughter. It is a common noun used to denote a familial relationship. It can be used in various contexts to refer to someone's child who is female, or metaphorically to refer to a female descendant or inhabitant of a place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΗ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΥΓΑΤΗΡ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰugʰ₂tḗr, meaning 'daughter'. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G1950

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-lah-THEH-sthai

Translations: to forget, to neglect, to overlook

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and the verb 'λανθάνω' (to escape notice, to be hidden). It means to forget, to neglect, or to overlook something. It often implies a complete or deliberate act of forgetting, or a failure to remember due to neglect. It can be used in sentences like 'He forgot the law' or 'They neglected their duties'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΚΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ἈΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb 'λανθάνω' (lanthanō), meaning 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden'. The combination suggests something that 'falls out of mind' or 'is hidden from memory'.

G2181

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: EF-ra-im

Translations: Ephraim

Notes: Ephraim refers to a significant figure, tribe, and territory in ancient Israel. It was the name of the younger son of Joseph and the grandson of Jacob, whose descendants formed one of the twelve tribes of Israel. The name 'Ephraim' also came to represent the northern kingdom of Israel, particularly after the division of the kingdom, due to the tribe's prominence and influence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Ephraim' is of Hebrew origin, from the verb 'parah' (פָּרָה), meaning 'to be fruitful' or 'to bear fruit'. It signifies 'fruitful' or 'doubly fruitful'.

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEL-thon

Translations: I passed by, they passed by, it passed away, I went by, they went by, it went away, I came by, they came by, it came away, I passed away, they passed away, it passed away, I disappeared, they disappeared, it disappeared

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The combined meaning is 'to pass by', 'to go past', 'to come alongside', or 'to pass away' in the sense of ceasing to exist or disappearing. It is used to describe movement past something or the cessation of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-NAH-sen

Translations: he hungered, he was hungry, he became hungry

Notes: This word means to be hungry or to hunger, indicating a physical need for food. It is often used to describe someone experiencing hunger. It is a compound word, formed from the root for 'hunger' and a suffix indicating a state or condition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΝΑΩ (peinaō) comes from the noun πεῖνα (peina), meaning 'hunger'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of scarcity or lack.

G1631

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEK-rax-en

Translations: cried out, shouted, screamed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἐκκράζω' (ekkrazō), which means 'to cry out' or 'to shout loudly'. It describes a sudden, forceful vocalization, often due to strong emotion like pain, fear, or urgency. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'κράζω' (krazō), meaning 'to cry' or 'to croak'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ, ΚΡΑΖΩ

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: see-toh-boh-LOH-nahs

Translations: granary, a granary, storehouse, a storehouse

Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'σῖτος' (sitos), meaning 'grain' or 'corn', and 'βολών' (bolōn), which relates to a place for throwing or storing. Therefore, 'σιτοβολών' refers to a place where grain is stored, a granary or storehouse. It is used to describe a building or area specifically designated for keeping harvested grain.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΜΙΕΙΟΝ, ΑΠΟΘΗΚΗ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: σῖτος (sitos), meaning 'grain' or 'food', and βολών (bolōn), which is related to the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to put'. Thus, it literally means 'a place where grain is put/stored'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came

Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G0059

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH-zayn

Translations: to buy, to purchase, to redeem

Notes: This word means to buy or to purchase, often implying a transaction in a public place or marketplace (agora). It can also carry the sense of redeeming or acquiring something through payment. It is used to describe the act of obtaining goods or services in exchange for money or other value.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΩΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΙΑΜΑΙ, ΚΤΑΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀγοράζω (agorazō) is derived from ἀγορά (agora), meaning 'marketplace' or 'assembly place'. The verb literally means 'to do business in the agora' or 'to go to market', and thus 'to buy'.

G1943