Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Tischendorf's Greek New Testament / Galatians / Chapter 6Galatians, Chapter 6
Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)
G0080
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-del-FOY
Translations: brothers, fellow believers, kinsmen, countrymen
Notes: This word refers to brothers by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to male relatives, fellow countrymen, or, in a spiritual sense, fellow believers in a community. It is a plural form of the word for 'brother'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΙ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΕΙΣ
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4301
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-leem-FTHAY
Translations: be caught, be overtaken, be surprised, be detected, be found out
Notes: This word is the aorist passive subjunctive form of the verb 'προλαμβάνω' (prolambanō), which means 'to take beforehand', 'to anticipate', 'to surprise', or 'to catch'. As a passive form, it means 'to be taken beforehand' or 'to be caught'. In the subjunctive mood, it often expresses a possibility, a condition, or a command, so it can be translated as 'should be caught' or 'might be caught'. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before', and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ
Etymology: The word προλαμβάνω (prolambanō) is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take', 'to seize', or 'to receive'. Its etymology reflects the idea of taking or seizing something ahead of time or by surprise.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TEE-nee
Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which
Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
G3900
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-rap-TOH-ma-tee
Translations: (to) trespass, (to) transgression, (to) fault, (to) sin, (to) fall
Notes: This word refers to a false step, a deviation from truth or uprightness, or a trespass. It signifies a transgression or a fault, often implying a falling away from a standard or a moral lapse. It is used in a dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' the trespass, or 'in' the trespass, depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΝΟΜΙΑ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MACE
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a second-person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (referring to multiple people). It is used when the 'you' is the subject of the sentence, performing the action of the verb.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin 'vos' and English 'you'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G4152
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pnyoo-ma-ti-KOY
Translations: spiritual, a spiritual one, spiritual ones
Notes: This word describes something or someone as being spiritual, pertaining to the spirit, or influenced by the Holy Spirit. It is often used in contrast to things that are physical or worldly. In a sentence, it might describe people who are spiritually minded or things that have a spiritual nature.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΩΔΗΣ, ΘΕΙΟΣ
G2675
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tar-TEE-zeh-teh
Translations: restore, make complete, prepare, equip, mend, perfect
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the verb ἀρτίζω (artizo, meaning 'to fit' or 'to prepare'). It means to fully restore, make complete, prepare, equip, or mend something. It is often used in the sense of bringing something into a proper or perfect condition, or to set right what is out of order. It can be used to describe mending nets, preparing a body, or restoring a person to a right spiritual state.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΤΕΛΕΙΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G5108
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: toy-OO-ton
Translations: such, such a, of such a kind, such a one, such a thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to describe something that is of a particular nature, quality, or degree, often referring back to something previously mentioned or implied. It can be used to emphasize the quality of a person or thing.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΤΟΙΟΣΔΕ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΤΟΙΟΣ (toios, "such") and the enclitic particle -ΟΥΤΟΣ (-outos, "this").
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee
Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition
Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ
G4240
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: prah-OO-tay-toss
Translations: of gentleness, of humility, of meekness
Notes: This word refers to the quality of gentleness, humility, or meekness. It describes a disposition that is mild, gentle, and considerate, often in the face of provocation or difficulty. It is not weakness, but rather strength under control. In this form, it is the genitive singular, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: The word "πραότης" (praotēs) is derived from the adjective "πραΰς" (praÿs) or "πρᾶος" (praos), meaning 'mild', 'gentle', or 'meek'. It describes a disposition of inner calm and strength.
G4649
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: sko-PON
Translations: looking, looking at, considering, observing, watching, examining, a watcher, an observer
Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or neuter, genitive plural, or masculine or neuter, nominative or accusative singular. It describes the action of looking, observing, or considering something. It can be used to indicate someone who is actively watching or contemplating, or the act of doing so. For example, 'looking at the common good' or 'those who are observing'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive Plural; or Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΟΡΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΣΚΟΠΕΩ comes from the noun ΣΚΟΠΟΣ (skopos), meaning 'watcher' or 'goal'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *spek-, meaning 'to observe'.
G4572
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: seh-ow-TON
Translations: yourself
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'yourself'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'you save yourself' or 'you destroy yourself'.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G3985
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pei-ras-THEES
Translations: you may be tempted, you may be tested, be tempted, be tested
Notes: This word means to test, try, or tempt someone. It can refer to putting someone to the test to prove their character or to entice them to do something wrong. In the New Testament, it is often used in the context of God testing believers or Satan tempting people to sin. The form 'ΠΕΙΡΑΣΘΗΣ' is a second person singular form, meaning 'you' are the one being tested or tempted.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive or Imperative
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ' comes from 'ΠΕΙΡΑ' (peira), meaning 'a trial, an attempt, an experience'. It is related to the idea of making an attempt or putting something to the test.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-lone
Translations: of one another, of each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'of one another' or 'of each other'. It is used to indicate that an action or relationship is mutual among multiple subjects. It always appears in the plural and is used to express actions or relationships that are directed back and forth between individuals within a group.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: This word is derived from the reduplication of the stem of ἄλλος (ALLOS), meaning 'other'. The reduplication indicates reciprocity.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G0922
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: BAH-ree
Translations: weights, burdens, a weight, a burden
Notes: This word refers to a weight, a burden, or something heavy. It can be used literally to describe physical weight or figuratively to describe a burden, difficulty, or responsibility. For example, it might refer to the 'weight' of a problem or the 'burden' of a task.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΦΟΡΤΙΟΝ, ΟΓΚΟΣ
G0941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bah-STAH-zeh-teh
Translations: carry, bear, take up, support
Notes: This verb means to carry, bear, or support something or someone. It can refer to physically carrying a burden, but also to enduring or supporting a difficulty or a person. It is used in various contexts, from carrying a bag to bearing the burdens of others.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΙΡΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G0378
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-play-roh-SEH-teh
Translations: you will fulfill, you will complete, you will fill up
Notes: This word means to fill up, complete, or fulfill something. It implies bringing something to its full measure or conclusion, often in the sense of carrying out a duty or prophecy. It can also mean to supply what is lacking.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ
Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΠΛΗΡΟΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἈΝΑ- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and ΠΛΗΡΟΩ (plēroō), meaning 'to fill' or 'to make full'.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-mon
Translations: law, a law, rule, principle
Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KEI
Translations: it seems, it appears, it is thought, it is decided, it is good, it pleases
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seem', 'to appear', 'to think', 'to suppose', or 'to be thought good'. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it seems' or 'it appears'. It can also convey the idea of something being decided or pleasing.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΕΤΑΙ, ΕΟΙΚΕΝ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: MAY-den
Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one
Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ
Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G5423
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: freh-na-PAH-tah
Translations: deceiver, a deceiver, self-deceiver, a self-deceiver
Notes: This word is a compound noun, combining 'φρήν' (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding,' and 'ἀπάτη' (apatē), meaning 'deceit' or 'deception.' It refers to someone who deceives the mind, either of others or of themselves. It can describe a person who is a deceiver, or, when used reflexively, someone who deludes themselves.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΕΩΝ, ΠΛΑΝΟΣ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ahf-TON
Translations: himself, herself, itself, themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, or themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject. For example, 'he saw himself'. It can be used for singular or plural subjects.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gon
Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business
Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO
Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).
Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.
Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').
G1381
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-kee-MAH-zeh-toh
Translations: let him test, let him examine, let him prove, let him approve, let him discern
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to test, examine, prove, or approve something or someone. It implies a process of scrutiny to determine worth, genuineness, or fitness. In this form, it is an imperative, meaning it is a command or instruction for someone to perform the action of testing or examining.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Imperative, Active
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ, ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ
G1538
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Part of Speech: Pronominal Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EK-as-tos
Translations: each, every, every one, everyone
Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every' and refers to individual members within a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It is used to single out every single person or thing from a larger collection. For example, 'each person' or 'every house'.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown origin, possibly related to ἕκας (hekas, 'far off').
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G2745
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-YOO-khee-mah
Translations: boast, a boast, boasting, glory, a glory, ground for boasting, object of boasting
Notes: This word refers to the act of boasting or the thing one boasts about. It can signify the act of exulting or glorying, or the subject matter of one's pride or joy. It is often used in a positive sense to refer to something that brings honor or glory, but can also refer to empty or self-centered boasting.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΗΣΙΣ, ΕΠΑΙΝΟΣ, ΔΟΞΑ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EX-ei
Translations: will have, will possess, will hold, will be able
Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to possess'. It indicates a future action of having, holding, or being able to do something. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'he/she/it will have' or 'he/she/it will possess'.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΤΗΣΕΙ, ΛΗΨΕΤΑΙ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ron
Translations: another, other, different, a different thing, an other thing
Notes: This word means 'another' or 'other', emphasizing a difference in kind or quality from something else. It is used to refer to something distinct or different from what has been previously mentioned or implied. For example, it might be used to say 'another person' or 'a different kind of thing'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'. It is related to the English word 'other'.
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-on
Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.
G5413
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOR-tee-on
Translations: burden, a burden, load, a load, cargo, a cargo
Notes: This word refers to a burden, a load, or cargo. It can be something physically carried, or it can refer to a responsibility or a heavy obligation. It is often used to describe something that is difficult to bear or a weight that must be carried.
Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΑΡΟΣ, ΓΟΜΟΣ
Etymology: From φόρτος (phortos), meaning 'load, cargo', which comes from φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear, carry'.
G0941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bas-TA-say
Translations: will bear, will carry, will take up, will endure
Notes: This word describes the action of bearing, carrying, or taking up something, whether literally a physical burden or figuratively a responsibility, a consequence, or an affliction. It can also imply enduring or suffering something. It is used to indicate a future action.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΙΡΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ
G2841
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koy-noh-NAY-toh
Translations: let him share, let him have fellowship, let him participate, let him communicate, let him impart
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to share, have fellowship, or participate in something. It implies a mutual involvement or contribution. It can be used to describe sharing material possessions, spiritual blessings, or even suffering with others. It often suggests a close bond or partnership.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Imperative, Active
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΕΤΩ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΙΤΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2727
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun
Sounds like: kah-tay-khoo-MEH-nos
Translations: catechumen, one being instructed, one being taught, a catechumen
Notes: This word refers to someone who is being instructed or taught, particularly in religious or moral principles. It is often used as a noun to describe a 'catechumen,' an individual receiving systematic instruction in the Christian faith before baptism. It can be used in sentences to describe the recipient of teaching.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive
Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2727
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tay-KHOON-tee
Translations: (to) the one who instructs, (to) the one who teaches, (to) the instructor, (to) the teacher
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katecheō', meaning 'to instruct' or 'to teach'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing someone who is actively engaged in the process of instruction or teaching. In this dative case, it indicates the recipient of an action, so it refers to 'the one to whom instruction is given' or 'the one who is doing the instructing', depending on the context. Given the example usage, it refers to the one who is doing the instructing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΟΝΤΙ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΟΝΤΙ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sin
Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, in all
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness, often modifying a noun to show that something applies to every member of a group or every part of a whole. In this dative plural form, it typically translates as 'to all', 'for all', 'with all', or 'in all', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G0018
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-ga-THOYS
Translations: (to) good, (for) good, (with) good, (by) good, (to) beneficial, (for) beneficial, (with) beneficial, (by) beneficial, (to) virtuous, (for) virtuous, (with) virtuous, (by) virtuous
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'good', 'beneficial', or 'virtuous'. It can refer to things that are good in quality, morally good, or beneficial in effect. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object or means, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', or 'by', referring to multiple good things or people.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΙΣ
G4105
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: plah-NAH-stheh
Translations: you are deceived, you go astray, you err, you wander
Notes: This word means to be led astray, to wander, to err, or to be deceived. It is often used in warnings, urging people not to be misled or to make mistakes. It can describe both physical wandering and intellectual or moral straying from the truth.
Inflection: Present, Passive or Middle Voice, Indicative or Imperative Mood, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΗ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G3456
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: myk-tay-REE-zeh-tai
Translations: is mocked, is ridiculed, is scorned, is sneered at
Notes: This verb describes the action of being mocked, ridiculed, or treated with contempt. It implies a turning up of the nose or a sneer, indicating disdain. It is often used in contexts where someone or something is being treated lightly or disrespectfully, especially in relation to divine authority or serious matters.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ
Etymology: From μυκτηρ (myktēr), meaning 'nose' or 'nostril', referring to the act of turning up the nose in scorn.
G4686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SPEI-ree
Translations: cohort, a cohort, company, a company, band, a band
Notes: This word refers to a military unit, specifically a Roman cohort, which typically consisted of about 600 men. It can also refer more generally to any company or band of soldiers. It is used to describe a division of troops.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΑΓΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑ, ΛΟΧΟΣ
Etymology: From Latin 'spira', meaning 'coil' or 'band', referring to a body of troops. It is related to the idea of something wound or gathered together.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G2325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-REE-say
Translations: will reap, will harvest, will gather
Notes: This word means 'to reap' or 'to harvest'. It is used to describe the act of gathering crops or, metaphorically, the consequences of one's actions. For example, one might 'reap what they sow', meaning they will experience the results of their deeds.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΤΡΥΓΑΩ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G4687
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: SPAY-ron
Translations: sowing, a sower, the one who sows
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'σπείρω', meaning 'to sow' or 'to scatter seed'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is in the act of sowing or has the characteristic of sowing. It can be translated as 'sowing' (adjectival) or 'the one who sows' (substantival). It is often used metaphorically in the New Testament to describe the act of spreading the word of God or performing good deeds.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΒΑΛΛΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAR-kah
Translations: flesh, a flesh, body, a body, humanity
Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a living being, including humans and animals. It can also denote human nature, often with an emphasis on its weakness or mortality, or humanity in general. In some contexts, it can refer to the whole person or to earthly existence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KOS
Translations: of flesh, of body, of human nature
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It is often used in a theological sense to denote the sinful or unredeemed aspect of humanity, in contrast to the spirit. It can also simply refer to the physical substance of living beings.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΦΥΣΙΣ
G5356
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ftho-RAHN
Translations: corruption, a corruption, destruction, a destruction, decay, a decay, ruin, a ruin
Notes: This word refers to a state of decay, ruin, or destruction. It can describe physical deterioration, moral corruption, or the process of perishing. It is often used in contexts relating to the perishable nature of earthly things or the destructive consequences of sin.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΟΡΑ
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah
Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath
Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ
Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tos
Translations: of spirit, of a spirit, of wind, of breath, of the Spirit
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πνεῦμα' (pneuma). It refers to a spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. As a genitive case, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ZOH-ayn
Translations: life, a life
Notes: This word refers to life, existence, or vitality. It is a feminine noun and is often used to describe physical life, but can also refer to spiritual or eternal life depending on the context. It is used in sentences to denote the state of being alive or the duration of one's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: From a primary root meaning 'to live'. It is related to the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'.
G0166
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on
Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual
Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age or period of time, often implying a duration that is either without end or of very long duration. It can refer to something that has always existed, will always exist, or is characteristic of a particular age. In many contexts, it is translated as 'eternal' or 'everlasting', emphasizing endless duration.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑἸΔΙΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑἸΩΝ (AIŌN), meaning 'age' or 'eternity'.
G2570
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-LON
Translations: good, beautiful, noble, right, fitting, a good thing, a beautiful thing
Notes: ΚΑΛΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective ΚΑΛΟΣ. It describes something as good, beautiful, noble, excellent, or fitting. It can refer to moral goodness, aesthetic beauty, or practical suitability. It is often used to describe what is morally right or advantageous, or something that is beneficial.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-OON-tes
Translations: doing, making, performing, practicing, those who do, those who make
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an ongoing action. In the provided context, it refers to 'those who are doing' or 'those who are making' something, often implying a continuous or habitual action.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G1457
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-ka-KŌ-men
Translations: lose heart, grow weary, faint, be discouraged
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to lose heart, grow weary, or be discouraged. It is often used in contexts of perseverance, encouraging someone not to give up or faint in the face of difficulties. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in) and 'κακός' (bad, evil) or 'κακόω' (to treat badly), implying to become bad or weak within oneself.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΕΚΛΥΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΚΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΓΚΑΚΕΩ (enkakeō) is derived from the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the verb κακόω (kakoō, 'to treat badly' or 'to make bad'). It literally means 'to act badly in something' or 'to be bad in something', which evolved to mean 'to lose heart' or 'to grow weary'.
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kahee-ROH
Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-oh
Translations: own, private, peculiar, personal
Notes: This word refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It emphasizes possession or a unique characteristic. It can be used to describe property, affairs, or even personal qualities.
Inflection: Dative Singular Masculine, Dative Singular Neuter, Genitive Plural Masculine, Genitive Plural Feminine, Genitive Plural Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΜΟΣ, ΣΟΣ
G2325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-REE-soh-men
Translations: we will reap, we shall reap
Notes: This word means 'we will reap' or 'we shall reap'. It refers to the act of gathering a harvest or receiving the consequences of one's actions in the future. It is used to describe a future action performed by a group of people (we).
Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΚΑΡΠΟΦΟΡΕΩ
G1590
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ek-LOO-oh-men-oy
Translations: fainting, growing weary, losing heart, becoming exhausted, becoming discouraged
Notes: This word describes the state of becoming faint, weary, or discouraged. It implies a loss of strength, energy, or resolve, often due to hardship or prolonged effort. It is used to describe someone who is giving up or losing heart.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΚΕΩ, ΚΑΜΝΩ
Etymology: The word Ἐκλύω (eklyō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. Thus, it literally means 'to loose out' or 'to release from', leading to the sense of becoming weak or faint.
G0686, G0685
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Part of Speech: Particle, Noun
Sounds like: AH-rah
Translations: then, therefore, so, consequently, perhaps, indeed, is it that?, curse, an imprecation
Notes: The word 'ἈΡΑ' can function as a particle or a noun. As a particle, it is used to introduce a question, often expecting a negative answer, or to draw an inference, meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It can also express a degree of uncertainty or possibility, translating to 'perhaps' or 'indeed'. As a noun, 'ἈΡΑ' refers to a curse or an imprecation, a solemn utterance intended to invoke a supernatural power to inflict harm or punishment on someone or something.
Inflection: As a particle, it does not inflect. As a noun, it is Feminine, Singular, Nominative.
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓Ν, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑ
Etymology: The particle 'ἈΡΑ' is of uncertain origin, possibly an onomatopoeic exclamation. The noun 'ἈΡΑ' (curse) is also of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb 'ἀράομαι' (araomai) meaning 'to pray, to curse'.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G5613
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition
Sounds like: OHS
Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that
Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.
G2540
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kai-RON
Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time
Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ
Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh-men
Translations: we may have, let us have, we should have, we might have
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. In this form, it is a subjunctive, which indicates a potential action, a wish, a command, or a purpose. It is used when expressing what 'we' might or should have, or as an exhortation for 'us' to have something.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΕΘΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΘΑ
G2038
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: er-GAH-zoh-meh-thah
Translations: let us work, we may work, we should work, let us do, we may do, we should do, let us labor, we may labor, we should labor
Notes: This word means to work, labor, or perform an action. It is used to describe engaging in an activity, whether physical or mental, or to carry out a task. It can also refer to earning a living or trading. The form provided is a first person plural subjunctive, indicating a suggestion, possibility, or purpose for a group ('we').
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Subjunctive Mood
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
G0018
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ah-gah-THON
Translations: good, a good thing, benefit, advantage, what is good
Notes: This word describes something that is good, beneficial, or morally upright. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. As a neuter noun, it often refers to 'a good thing' or 'what is good' in a general sense, encompassing both moral excellence and practical benefit. It is frequently used to describe actions, outcomes, or qualities that are desirable or virtuous.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, referring to something that is 'good' or 'noble'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3122
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-lis-TA
Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'
Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3625
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: oy-KAY-ooce
Translations: one's own, a relative, a member of one's household, a kinsman, a kinswoman, a domestic, a household member
Notes: This word describes something or someone belonging to one's own household or family. It can refer to relatives, family members, or those who are part of one's domestic circle. It is often used to emphasize a close, personal connection, similar to 'one's own people' or 'those of one's own house'.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑΚΟΣ, ΕΝΔΟΘΕΝ
Etymology: From οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The suffix -ειος indicates belonging or relation.
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pis-TEH-ohs
Translations: of faith, of belief, of trust, of conviction
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πίστις' (pistis), meaning 'faith', 'belief', or 'trust'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English. For example, 'the work of faith' or 'by means of faith'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣΥΝΗ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DEH-teh
Translations: See!, Behold!, Look!
Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'see!' or 'behold!' It is used to command or urge a group of people to observe or pay attention to something. It functions as an exclamation to draw focus to a particular object or situation.
Inflection: Second person plural, Aorist Active Imperative
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΕΤΕ, ΘΕΑΣΑΣΘΕ
G4080
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pay-LEE-koys
Translations: how great, how large, how much, what great, what large, what much
Notes: This word is an interrogative or exclamatory adjective, meaning 'how great' or 'how large'. It is used to express the extent or magnitude of something, often in a question or an exclamation. It can also be translated as 'what great' or 'what large' when emphasizing the size or importance of something.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΣΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G1121
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grahm-MAH-sin
Translations: (to) letters, (by) letters, (with) letters, (to) writings, (by) writings, (with) writings, (to) documents, (by) documents, (with) documents
Notes: This word refers to letters of the alphabet, written characters, or more broadly, written documents, scriptures, or records. It is used to indicate the means or instrument by which something is done, or the recipient of an action, in the dative case.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΑΙΣ, ΒΙΒΛΟΙΣ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΑΙΣ
G1125
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eg-RAP-sa
Translations: I wrote, I have written
Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I wrote' or 'I have written'. It is used to state a fact about something that was written.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G1699
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Part of Speech: Possessive Pronoun, Possessive Adjective
Sounds like: eh-MAY
Translations: my, mine
Notes: This word is a possessive pronoun or adjective, meaning 'my' or 'mine'. It indicates possession by the first person singular. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, meaning 'mine'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
G5495
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHEI-ree
Translations: to hand, by hand, in hand, with hand, by the hand, in the hand, with the hand
Notes: This word refers to the hand, and in this inflected form, it indicates location or means. It is often used to express 'in the hand,' 'by hand,' or 'with the hand,' signifying possession, control, or the instrument by which an action is performed. For example, 'in the hand of God' or 'by the hand of a prophet'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
G3745
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective
Sounds like: OH-soy
Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many
Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-LOO-sin
Translations: they want, they wish, they desire, they will
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to want,' 'to wish,' 'to desire,' or 'to will.' It is used to express intention, volition, or a strong inclination towards something. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'they want to go' or 'they wish for peace.'
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G2146
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-pro-so-PAY-sai
Translations: to make a good showing, to make a fair outward appearance, to look good, to make a good impression
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'euprosōpeō'. It means to present oneself favorably or to make a good outward impression. It often carries the connotation of being concerned with external appearance rather than inner reality or sincerity. It can be used in contexts where someone is trying to gain approval or avoid persecution by appearing to conform.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'πρόσωπον' (prosōpon), meaning 'face' or 'countenance'. Thus, it literally means 'to have a good face' or 'to look good'.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KEE
Translations: flesh, body, a body, human nature, carnal nature
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It can also denote the carnal or sinful aspect of human nature, especially in a theological context. It is often used to distinguish the physical from the spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OO-toy
Translations: these, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they'. It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are nearby or have just been mentioned. It functions similarly to 'these ones' or 'these people' in English.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
G0318
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-gah-ZOH-sin
Translations: they compel, they force, they urge, they constrain
Notes: This word means to compel, force, or urge someone to do something. It describes an action where a group of people are exerting pressure or power to make others comply with their will. It can be used in various contexts, from physical compulsion to moral persuasion.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G4059
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-TEM-nes-thai
Translations: to be circumcised, to circumcise oneself
Notes: This word is the present middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'περιτέμνω' (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around' or 'to circumcise'. In the middle voice, it means 'to circumcise oneself', and in the passive voice, 'to be circumcised'. It is often used in contexts relating to the Jewish practice of circumcision.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Infinitive
Etymology: From 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around', and 'τέμνω' (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stow-ROH
Translations: to crucify, to impale, to fix on a cross
Notes: This verb means to crucify or to impale, referring to the act of putting someone to death by fastening them to a cross or stake. It is often used in the context of execution. For example, one might say 'they crucified him' or 'he was crucified'.
Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular; or Present Active Subjunctive, 1st Person Singular; or Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Singular; or Present Active Infinitive
Etymology: From the Greek word ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. The verb is formed from the noun, indicating the action associated with a cross.
G1377
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tai
Translations: they are persecuted, they are pursued, they are chased, they are driven away
Notes: This word describes an action being done to a group of people, indicating that they are being pursued, chased, or persecuted. It is used in a passive sense, meaning the subjects are receiving the action rather than performing it. It can refer to physical pursuit or hostile treatment.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΩΓΜΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΓΜΟΣ
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G4061
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-ree-TEM-noh-meh-noy
Translations: being circumcised, those being circumcised, circumcised
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being circumcised' or 'those who are being circumcised'. It refers to the act of circumcision, often used in a religious or cultural context, particularly in relation to Jewish law or identity. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who is undergoing or has undergone the action of circumcision.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun that can function in several ways. It can be used as an intensive pronoun meaning 'self' or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. It can also serve as a simple third-person pronoun meaning 'he, she, it, they' or 'him, her, it, them'. When used with the article, it often functions as an adjective meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G5442
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foo-LAS-soo-sin
Translations: they guard, they keep, they watch, they observe, they preserve
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, watch over, or preserve. It is used to describe the action of protecting something or someone, or of observing a law or custom. It can also refer to the act of maintaining or preserving a state or condition. For example, it might be used to say 'they guard the city' or 'they keep the commandments'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G5218
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-MEH-teh-rah
Translations: your, yours, (to) your, (of) your
Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'your' or 'yours', referring to something belonging to 'you' (plural). It is used to indicate possession by a group of people. For example, 'your house' or 'your people'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
G2744
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-khee-SOHN-tai
Translations: they will boast, they will glory, they will exult, they will pride themselves
Notes: This verb means to boast, glory, or exult, often with a sense of pride or confidence. It can be used in a positive sense, such as to glory in God, or in a negative sense, to boast in oneself or in something worldly. It implies a strong expression of self-satisfaction or triumph.
Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΚΟΜΠΑΖΩ
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person personal pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession, agency, or association, depending on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Common Gender
Synonyms: ΜΟΙ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh
Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.
G2744
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kow-KHAH-sthai
Translations: to boast, to glory, to exult, to pride oneself, to brag
Notes: This word is a verb in the infinitive form, meaning 'to boast' or 'to glory'. It describes the act of taking pride in something, often in a positive sense when boasting in God or in one's faith, but it can also be used negatively to describe arrogant or self-centered boasting. It is often followed by a preposition like 'en' (in) or 'epi' (upon) with the dative case to indicate the object of one's boasting.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present Tense, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΚΟΜΠΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master
Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOS-mos
Translations: world, a world, universe, order, adornment, decoration, ornament
Notes: This word refers to the world or the universe, often implying an ordered system. It can also refer to adornment or decoration, such as jewelry or clothing, highlighting the idea of something well-arranged or beautiful. In a broader sense, it can denote humanity or the inhabitants of the earth.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΓΗ
Etymology: From the verb κοσμέω (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to put in order, to adorn'. The noun form thus carries the sense of something ordered, arranged, or beautiful.
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-tow-ROH-tai
Translations: has been crucified, is crucified
Notes: This word is the perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'to crucify'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, with the results of that action continuing into the present. For example, 'he has been crucified' or 'it has been crucified'. It emphasizes the lasting state or consequence of the crucifixion.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
G2532, G1473
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Pronoun
Sounds like: kah-GOH
Translations: and I, but I, I also, I too
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the conjunction "καὶ" (kai, meaning "and" or "but") and the first-person singular pronoun "ἐγώ" (egō, meaning "I"). It therefore means "and I" or "but I," often emphasizing the "I" or indicating that the speaker is also included in an action or statement. It functions as a subject pronoun.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
G2889
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOH-smoh
Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.
G3777
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: OO-teh
Translations: neither, nor, and not
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to connect two or more negative clauses or phrases. It often appears in a correlative construction, meaning 'neither... nor'. For example, 'neither this nor that'. It emphasizes the complete absence or negation of all listed items.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕ
Etymology: From the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the enclitic conjunction τέ (te, 'and'). It literally means 'and not'.
G4061
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MEE
Translations: circumcision, a circumcision
Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. It is often used in a literal sense, but in the New Testament, it can also be used metaphorically to refer to a spiritual transformation or a covenant relationship with God, as opposed to a mere physical act.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative
Etymology: From the Greek verb περιτέμνω (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around', which is a compound of περί (peri, 'around') and τέμνω (temnō, 'to cut').
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G203
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ak-roh-BOOS-tee-ah
Translations: uncircumcision, foreskin, a foreskin
Notes: This is a compound noun referring to the state of being uncircumcised or, more literally, the foreskin itself. It is often used in a religious or theological context to distinguish between Jews (who were circumcised) and Gentiles (who were uncircumcised). It can also refer to the physical foreskin.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΠΕΡΙΤΜΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek elements: ἄκρον (akron), meaning 'top' or 'extremity', and βύω (byō), meaning 'to fill' or 'to stop up', referring to the glans or foreskin. It literally means 'the extreme end of the foreskin'.
G2537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KAI-nee
Translations: new, fresh, a new, a fresh
Notes: This word describes something that is new in terms of quality, freshness, or being recently made, rather than new in terms of age (for which a different word, 'neos', is often used). It implies something that is unprecedented, superior, or of a different kind. For example, it can refer to a new covenant, a new creation, or a new teaching. It is used to describe things that are innovative or renewed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ
G2937
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KTEE-sees
Translations: creation, a creation, creature, a creature, ordinance, foundation
Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of creating or the result of that act, meaning 'creation' or 'creature'. It can also refer to an established order or institution, an 'ordinance' or 'foundation'. It is used to describe the entire created universe or individual created beings.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΓΕΝΕΣΙΣ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb κτίζω (ktizō), meaning 'to create' or 'to found'. It refers to the act of bringing something into existence or establishing something.
G2583
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-no-NEE
Translations: to a rule, to a standard, to a measuring rod, to a carpenter's square, to a plumb line, to a pattern, to a limit, to a boundary, to a list, to a catalogue, to a tribute, to a tax
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κανών' (kanon). It refers to a straight rod, a measuring line, a rule, a standard, or a pattern. In a broader sense, it can denote a limit, a boundary, or a list. It is used to indicate the recipient or object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΡΟΝ, ΟΡΟΣ, ΤΥΠΟΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G4748
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stoy-KHEH-soo-sin
Translations: they will walk, they will follow, they will conform, they will agree
Notes: This word means to walk in line, to follow a rule or standard, or to conform to something. It implies adherence to a principle or a way of life. It is often used in the context of following a spiritual or moral path.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ
G1515
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: i-RAY-nay
Translations: peace, a peace
Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. It is often used in contexts of spiritual peace or a peaceful relationship between individuals or nations.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ
Etymology: From a primary verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join'. The word originally conveyed the idea of binding together or joining, leading to the concept of unity and harmony, and thus peace.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G1656
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-leh-os
Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity
Notes: ἘΛΕΟΣ refers to active compassion, pity, or mercy, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by God to humanity. It implies a deep feeling of sympathy that leads to practical help or forgiveness. It is frequently used in the context of God's benevolent actions towards His people.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ
Etymology: The etymology of ἘΛΕΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to feel pity' or 'to be moved by compassion'.
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: loy-POO
Translations: of the rest, of the remainder, of the others, finally, for the rest, henceforth, from now on, moreover, then, now, what remains
Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the adjective 'λοιπός' (loipos), meaning 'remaining' or 'the rest'. When used as an adjective, it refers to 'of the rest' or 'of the others'. It is very commonly used adverbially, meaning 'finally', 'for the rest', 'henceforth', or 'moreover', indicating a transition or conclusion in discourse. It can also introduce a new point or summarize what has been said.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'λοιπός' (loipos) comes from the verb 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G2873
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KO-poos
Translations: toil, labor, trouble, weariness, effort, hardship
Notes: This word refers to strenuous labor, effort, or the trouble and weariness that results from such work. It can describe physical exertion, mental effort, or the distress caused by difficulties. It is often used in contexts describing hard work or suffering.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΜΟΧΘΟΣ, ΚΑΜΑΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike, cut, or beat', which implies the effort and exertion involved in such actions. The noun form then refers to the result or process of this strenuous activity.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3367
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: may-DEHSS
Translations: no one, nothing, none, no, not any
Notes: This word is a compound of the negative particle 'ΜΗ' (not) and the numeral 'ΕΙΣ' (one). It functions as a negative pronoun meaning 'no one' or 'nothing', or as a negative adjective meaning 'no' or 'not any'. It is used to express a prohibition or a hypothetical negative statement, often in contexts where a specific action or entity is being denied or excluded.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ
G3930
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EKH-eh-toh
Translations: let him provide, let him give, let him cause, let him offer, let him grant, let him present
Notes: This word means to provide, give, cause, or offer something. It is used as a command or instruction, specifically telling a third person (he, she, or it) to perform the action of providing or causing.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G4742
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STIG-ma-ta
Translations: marks, scars, brands
Notes: This word refers to a mark, especially a branded mark or tattoo, often used to identify slaves, soldiers, or devotees. It can also refer to a physical scar or a distinguishing mark. In a figurative sense, it can denote the marks of suffering or ownership.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΑ, ΧΑΡΑΓΜΑΤΑ
G4983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SOH-mah-tee
Translations: to a body, to the body, to a person, to the person, to a slave, to the slave
Notes: This word refers to a body, whether human or animal, or even a collective body like a community. It can also refer to a person or, in some contexts, a slave. The form ΣΩΜΑΤΙ indicates the dative case, meaning it typically answers the question 'to whom?' or 'to what?' and often functions as an indirect object or indicates location or instrument.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G0941
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bas-TAH-zoh
Translations: carry, bear, take up, endure, take away
Notes: This verb means to carry or bear something, whether a physical object, a burden, or a responsibility. It can also mean to endure or tolerate something, or to take something away. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of supporting or conveying.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΙΡΩ, ΥΠΟΦΕΡΩ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be a pre-Greek word or of unknown etymology.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rees
Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight
Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G0281
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Interjection
Sounds like: ah-MEN
Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it
Notes: This word is used to express affirmation, agreement, or a solemn declaration. It can be translated as 'truly' or 'verily' when used to emphasize a statement, or as 'Amen' at the end of prayers, hymns, or declarations to signify 'so be it' or 'let it be so'. It conveys a sense of certainty and truth.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ
Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn' (אָמֵן), meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.
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