Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Tischendorf's Greek New Testament / Galatians / Chapter 2Galatians, Chapter 2
Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)
G1899
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEY-tah
Translations: then, afterward, next, after that, thereupon
Notes: This word is a temporal adverb meaning 'then' or 'afterward'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that one action or state follows another in time. It can introduce the next step in a narrative or a logical progression.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΠΕΙ, ἘΠΕΙΔΗ, ἘΠΙΤΟ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, after') and the particle εἶτα (eita, 'then, next'). It signifies a temporal sequence, indicating what comes after something else.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1181
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEK-ah-TESS-ah-ron
Translations: of fourteen
Notes: This word is a numeral meaning 'fourteen'. It is a compound word formed from 'δέκα' (deka), meaning 'ten', and 'τέσσαρες' (tessares), meaning 'four'. It is used to indicate a quantity of fourteen of something, often appearing before a noun to specify its number.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'δέκα' (deka), meaning 'ten', and 'τέσσαρες' (tessares), meaning 'four'.
G2094
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-TON
Translations: of years, years
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'year'. It is used here in the genitive plural form, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of years' or simply 'years' in context where the genitive case implies duration or a point in time. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'a man of many years' or 'after many years'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-EH-bayn
Translations: I went up, I ascended, I climbed, I came up, I rose
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go up,' 'to ascend,' or 'to climb.' It is used to describe the action of moving upwards, whether literally climbing a mountain or metaphorically rising in status or position. It can also refer to coming up from a lower place, such as out of water or from a valley.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G2414
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah
Translations: Jerusalem
Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G0901
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bar-NAH-bah
Translations: Barnabas, of Barnabas
Notes: Barnabas is a proper noun, referring to a specific person. In the New Testament, it is the surname given to Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, by the apostles. The name itself means 'son of encouragement' or 'son of consolation'. It is used to identify this individual in various contexts, such as 'the Epistle of Barnabas' or 'Joseph, who was called Barnabas'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Barnabas is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'son of encouragement' or 'son of consolation'. It was a surname given to Joseph, a Levite, by the apostles.
G4838
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-pa-ra-la-BOHN
Translations: taking along with, taking with, having taken along with, having taken with
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with), 'παρά' (alongside), and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, receive). It means to take someone or something along with oneself, or to associate someone with oneself in an undertaking. It implies bringing someone along as a companion or helper.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G5103
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: TEE-ton
Translations: Titus
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Titus, a common Roman personal name. In the New Testament, Titus was a companion and fellow worker of the Apostle Paul, to whom the Epistle to Titus is addressed. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G0602
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-KA-loop-sin
Translations: revelation, an unveiling, an apocalypse
Notes: This word refers to an uncovering, an unveiling, or a disclosure of something previously hidden. It is often used in a religious context to describe a divine revelation or a prophetic disclosure of future events. It can be used in a sentence to indicate the act of making something known, such as 'he received a revelation'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΙΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word comes from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and καλύπτω (kalyptō), meaning 'to cover' or 'to conceal'. Thus, it literally means 'an uncovering' or 'a taking away of the cover'.
G0390
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-THEH-meen
Translations: I laid before, I presented, I set forth, I submitted
Notes: This word means to lay before, present, or set forth something, often for consideration or discussion. It implies a formal or deliberate act of placing information or a matter before others. It is used to describe the act of submitting something for review or approval.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΚΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word ἀνατίθημι (anatithēmi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G2098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on
Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, the good news
Notes: This word refers to a message of good news or glad tidings. In a religious context, particularly in Christianity, it specifically refers to the good news of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΜΗΝΥΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ is derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement', which itself comes from ἈΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angello), 'to announce'. It originally referred to a reward for bringing good news, and later to the good news itself.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G2784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kay-ROOS-soh
Translations: preach, proclaim, herald, announce
Notes: This verb means to preach, proclaim, or announce publicly, often as a herald would. It implies a formal, authoritative, and public declaration of a message, news, or a command. It is frequently used in the context of proclaiming the Gospel or a divine message.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ
Etymology: From κῆρυξ (kēryx, 'herald'), meaning to act as a herald. It describes the function of a public messenger or announcer.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EH-theh-sin
Translations: (to) nations, (to) peoples, (to) Gentiles
Notes: ἘΘΝΕΣΙΝ is the dative plural form of the noun ΕΘΝΟΣ, meaning 'nation' or 'people'. In a biblical context, it often refers specifically to non-Israelite peoples, also known as Gentiles. As a dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' the nations/peoples.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΙ, ΓΕΝΗ
G2596
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Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition
Sounds like: KAT
Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.
G2398
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EE-dee-ahn
Translations: one's own, her own, private, peculiar
Notes: This word means 'one's own' or 'private'. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating something that belongs specifically to a person or group, or is distinct to them. It can refer to one's own property, home, or personal affairs.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KOO-sin
Translations: they seem, they think, they suppose, they appear, they are thought
Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to seem," "to think," "to suppose," or "to appear." It is often used impersonally, meaning "it seems good" or "it is thought." It can also be used to express an opinion or a perception, indicating what someone believes or how something appears to them.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G3381
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAY-pohs
Translations: perhaps, lest, whether perhaps, surely not, perchance
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the indefinite adverb ΠΩΣ (pōs). It is used in questions to express doubt or to expect a negative answer, often translated as 'surely not?' or 'can it be that?'. It can also be used after verbs of fearing or caution, meaning 'lest' or 'for fear that', indicating a negative outcome is feared.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΠΩΣ
Etymology: ΜΗΠΩΣ is a compound word derived from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not', and the indefinite adverb ΠΩΣ (pōs), meaning 'somehow' or 'perhaps'.
G2756
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: KEH-non
Translations: empty, a void, vain, in vain, to no purpose, useless, a useless thing
Notes: This word describes something that is empty, void, or without content. It can refer to a physical space that is vacant, or it can be used metaphorically to describe something that is useless, ineffective, or done to no purpose. When used with a preposition like 'εἰς' (eis), it often translates to 'in vain' or 'to no purpose', indicating an action that yields no positive result.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain primary word. It refers to something that is empty or void.
G5143
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: TRE-kho
Translations: run, rush, hasten, make progress
Notes: This verb means 'to run' or 'to rush'. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to make progress' or 'to advance rapidly'. It describes the act of moving quickly on foot or the swift progression of something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΡΑΜΩ, ΕΠΕΙΓΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *drem- 'to run'.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G5143
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-drah-mon
Translations: ran, they ran, I ran
Notes: This is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τρέχω' (trechō), meaning 'to run'. It describes an action of running that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I ran' (first person singular) or 'they ran' (third person plural), depending on the context, though the form itself is ambiguous without a subject.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΡΟΜΟΣ, ΔΙΑΤΡΕΧΩ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G3761
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: oo-DEH
Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ
Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).
G5103
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: TEE-tos
Translations: Titus
Notes: This is a masculine proper name, commonly used for a man. It refers to a specific individual, such as the companion of Paul mentioned in the New Testament.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Titus' is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman praenomen 'Titus'. Its exact meaning is uncertain, but it was a common name in the Roman world.
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G1698
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me, (by) me, (with) me
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the first-person personal pronoun 'I'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession, agency, or association, depending on the context and the preposition it might be used with.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Common Gender
Synonyms: ΜΟΙ
G1672
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEL-lane
Translations: Greek, a Greek, Gentile, a Gentile
Notes: This word refers to a Greek person, someone of Greek origin or culture. In a broader sense, especially in the New Testament, it can refer to a Gentile, meaning anyone who is not a Jew. It is used to distinguish between Jewish people and non-Jewish people, often implying a cultural or religious difference rather than just an ethnic one.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ, ΕΘΝΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the name of the mythical ancestor Hellen. It refers to the inhabitants of Hellas (Greece).
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, a being
Notes: This word is the masculine, singular, nominative form of the present participle of the verb 'to be'. It means 'being' or 'who/which is'. It is used to describe someone or something that exists or is in a particular state, often functioning like a relative pronoun and verb combined.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Present Participle
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G0318
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-nang-KAS-thay
Translations: was compelled, was forced, was constrained
Notes: This word describes an action where someone was compelled or forced to do something, often against their will or due to circumstances. It is used to indicate that an external pressure or necessity led to an action.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ
G4061
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-rit-mee-THEE-nai
Translations: to be circumcised, to circumcise oneself
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to circumcise' or 'to be circumcised'. It refers to the act of cutting around, specifically the religious practice of circumcision. It is often used in contexts discussing Jewish law and identity.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G3920
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: par-eis-AK-tooss
Translations: secretly brought in, privily brought in, false, surreptitiously introduced
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'secretly brought in' or 'surreptitiously introduced'. It describes someone or something that has been brought in by stealth or in a clandestine manner, often with a deceptive or harmful intent. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para, alongside, by), 'εἰς' (eis, into), and 'ἄγω' (ago, to lead, bring).
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΨΕΥΔΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΘΡΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word is derived from the verb 'παρεισάγω' (pareisago), meaning 'to bring in secretly'. It is formed from the prefix 'παρά' (para, alongside, by), 'εἰς' (eis, into), and 'ἄγω' (ago, to lead or bring).
G5571
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: psyoo-DAH-del-foos
Translations: false brothers, pseudo-brothers, false brethren, a false brother
Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'false brother' or 'false brethren'. It refers to individuals who claim to be part of a community or group but are actually deceptive, disloyal, or have ulterior motives. It is used to describe those who are not true members or allies, despite their outward appearance or claims.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a compound of ΨΕΥΔΗΣ (PSEUDES), meaning 'false' or 'lying', and ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ (ADELPHOS), meaning 'brother'. It literally means 'false brother' and describes someone who pretends to be a brother but is not.
G3748
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee-nes
Translations: whoever, whosoever, those who, which
Notes: ΟΙΤΙΝΕΣ is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It refers to a general or indefinite group of people or things, meaning 'whoever' or 'those who'. It is used to introduce a clause that provides additional information about a preceding noun, often implying a characteristic or quality of the group.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙ, ΤΙΝΕΣ
G3922
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-eis-EEL-thon
Translations: came in secretly, slipped in, entered stealthily, stole in, crept in
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside'), 'εἰς' (eis, meaning 'into'), and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). It describes the action of entering or coming in, but with an added nuance of secrecy, stealth, or surreptitiousness. It implies an unobserved or unauthorized entry, often with an ulterior motive. It can be used to describe people or things that infiltrate or insinuate themselves into a place or situation without being noticed.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΔΥΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΥΟΜΑΙ
G2684
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-sko-PEH-sai
Translations: to spy out, to scout, to observe, to examine
Notes: This word means to spy out, to scout, or to examine something carefully, often with the intention of discovering information, especially for hostile purposes or to find fault. It implies a close and often clandestine observation. It is used in sentences to describe the act of sending someone to gather intelligence or to investigate a situation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΞΕΡΕΥΝΑΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G1657
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-lew-the-REE-an
Translations: freedom, liberty, a freedom, a liberty
Notes: This word refers to the state of being free, or the power to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint. It is often used in contexts of political or personal independence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ἈΝΕΣΙΣ, ἈΦΕΣΙΣ
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MOHN
Translations: of us, our
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of us' or 'our'. It indicates possession or origin related to a group of speakers. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of us' or 'our house'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, First Person
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ANE
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was, I was
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It is used to describe a state of being or existence in the past, often indicating a continuous or repeated action or condition. For example, it can mean 'he was' or 'it was'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, 1st or 3rd person singular
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oh-men
Translations: we have, we hold, we possess, we are able, we are
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to be able' or simply 'to be' in certain contexts, often implying a state or condition. It is used to indicate possession or a current state of being.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOH
Translations: (to) Christ, (to) the Anointed One, (to) the Messiah
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It is often used as a proper noun, referring to Jesus Christ. In its dative form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to Christ' or 'for Christ'. It can also refer to anyone who is anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G2249
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: HAY-mas
Translations: us
Notes: This word is the first-person plural pronoun 'we' in the accusative case. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, meaning 'us'. For example, 'He saw us' or 'They spoke to us'.
Inflection: First-person, Plural, Accusative
G2615
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-doo-LOH-soo-sin
Translations: they will enslave, they will bring into bondage, they will make slaves of
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb δουλόω (douloō), meaning 'to enslave' or 'to make a slave'. Together, it means to completely enslave, bring into complete bondage, or reduce to utter slavery. It describes an action where someone is brought under the control or dominion of another, often implying a harsh or oppressive subjugation. It is used to describe a future action by a group of people.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΑΙΧΜΑΛΩΤΙΖΩ
G3739
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OYS
Translations: to whom, to which, to what
Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G5610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HO-ran
Translations: hour, a hour, time, a time, season, a season
Notes: This word refers to a specific point in time, a period of time, or a particular season. It can denote a literal hour of the day, a specific occasion, or a broader period like a season of the year. It is used to indicate when something happens or the duration of an event.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
G1598
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AIK-sah-men
Translations: we yielded, we submitted, we gave way, we conceded
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to yield, give way, or submit. It describes the action of conceding or surrendering to something or someone, often implying a reluctant or necessary yielding rather than a willing one. It can be used in contexts where one gives up a position, a right, or a struggle.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G5292
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-ta-GAY
Translations: subjection, submission, obedience, a subjection, a submission, an obedience
Notes: This word refers to the act of placing oneself under the authority, control, or discipline of another. It implies a voluntary or compelled yielding to a higher power or rule. It is often used in contexts of spiritual or social hierarchy, indicating a state of being subject to someone or something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΗ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΤΑΓΗ (hypotagē) is derived from the verb ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ (hypotassō), meaning 'to place under, to subject'. It is formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō), meaning 'to arrange, to order'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ah
Translations: truth, a truth, reality, veracity, faithfulness
Notes: This word refers to truth, not merely as an abstract concept, but often as a quality of being or action, indicating sincerity, reality, or faithfulness. It can be used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or reliable. For example, one might speak of 'the truth of God' or 'walking in truth'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ
Etymology: From ἀληθής (alēthḗs, “true”), from ἀ- (a-, “un-”) + λήθη (lḗthē, “forgetfulness, oblivion”). Thus, literally 'un-forgetfulness' or 'that which is not hidden'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G2098
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-oo
Translations: of the good news, of good news, of the gospel, of a gospel
Notes: This word refers to the 'good news' or 'gospel', particularly in a religious context, signifying the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'good', and 'ἀγγελία' (angelia), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'. It is used to describe the divine message or the written accounts of Jesus' life and teachings. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition or another noun indicating possession, such as 'the power of the gospel' or 'according to the gospel'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ
G1265
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-MEH-nee
Translations: remain, continue, abide, endure, last
Notes: This verb means to remain, continue, or abide. It implies persistence in a state, place, or action. It can be used to describe something that endures over time or someone who stays in a particular condition or location.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ
G5210
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MAS
Translations: you, you all
Notes: This is a second-person plural personal pronoun, meaning 'you' or 'you all'. It is in the accusative case, indicating that it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used in a sentence like 'He saw you all'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Second Person, All genders
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KOON-tohn
Translations: seeming, appearing, thinking, supposing, being thought, being esteemed, being reputed, being considered
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δοκέω', meaning 'to seem', 'to appear', 'to think', or 'to suppose'. It describes an action or state of seeming or being thought of. It can be used to indicate what is generally accepted or believed, or to express an opinion or judgment. In this form, it functions adjectivally or adverbially, describing those who are seeming or thinking.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural or Neuter, Genitive, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΝΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ
Etymology: The verb δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive'. It is related to Latin decet ('it is fitting') and English 'decent'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-nah-ee
Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to be'. It expresses existence, identity, or a state of being. It can also be used to indicate purpose or result, especially when preceded by the genitive article 'τοῦ' (tou), in which case it can be translated as 'in order to be' or 'for the purpose of being'.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active. Does not inflect for person, number, gender, or case.
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3697
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oh-POY-oy
Translations: what kind of, what sort of, such as, whoever, whatever
Notes: This word is a relative or interrogative pronoun/adjective, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It is used to refer to a quality or characteristic, often introducing a clause that describes the nature of something previously mentioned or asked about. It can function as 'whoever' or 'whatever' when referring to a person or thing of a certain kind.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΙΣ
G4218
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PO-teh
Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEN
Translations: nothing, none, not any, no one
Notes: This word is a negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one' when used as a pronoun, and 'not any' or 'no' when used as an adjective. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the indefinite pronoun εἷς (heis, 'one'). It is used to express absolute negation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΟΣ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G1308
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-FEH-ree
Translations: it differs, it is different, it excels, it is better, it is superior, it is carried through, it is of value, it is of importance
Notes: This verb can have several meanings depending on the context. It commonly means 'to differ' or 'to be different from' something, often followed by a preposition like 'ἀπό' (from). It can also mean 'to excel' or 'to be superior' to someone or something, indicating a higher quality or greater importance. In some contexts, it can mean 'to carry through' or 'to bear through', implying movement or endurance. Additionally, it can signify 'to be of value' or 'to be of importance'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ
Etymology: From the prefix ΔΙΑ- (dia-), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. The combination suggests carrying something through or apart, leading to meanings of differing or excelling.
G4383
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-OH-pon
Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance
Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-THRO-poo
Translations: (of) man, (of) a man, (of) human, (of) a human
Notes: This word refers to a human being, mankind, or humanity in general. It can denote an individual person, male or female, or the human race collectively. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of man' or 'of a human'. It is commonly used in contexts discussing human nature, actions, or relationships.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lam-BAH-neh
Translations: he takes, she takes, it takes, he receives, she receives, it receives, he gets, she gets, it gets, he obtains, she obtains, it obtains
Notes: This word means to take, receive, or get something. It can refer to physically taking an object, receiving a gift or information, or obtaining something through effort. It is used in sentences to describe an action performed by a single person or thing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: doh-KOON-tes
Translations: seeming, appearing, thinking, supposing, reputed, those who seem, those who think
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δοκέω'. It describes someone or something that 'seems' or 'appears' to be a certain way, or 'thinks' or 'supposes' something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, meaning 'those who seem' or 'those who think'. It often implies a subjective perception or a widely held opinion.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ
Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive'. Over time, its meaning evolved in Greek to 'seem, appear, think, suppose', reflecting the idea of forming an opinion or perception.
G4369
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-an-EH-then-toh
Translations: they added, they contributed, they imparted, they communicated, they laid before
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from πρός (pros, "to, toward"), ἀνά (ana, "up, again"), and τίθημι (tithēmi, "to put, place"). It means to add something to what is already present, to contribute, or to impart information or counsel. It implies an action of laying something before others or adding to a discussion or situation.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G3588, G1727
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: too-NAN-tee-on
Translations: on the contrary, the opposite, a contrary thing
Notes: This word is a crasis (a contraction of two words into one) of the definite article 'ΤΟ' (the) and the adjective 'ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ' (opposite, contrary). It functions as an adverbial phrase meaning 'on the contrary' or 'on the other hand', or as a noun meaning 'the opposite' or 'a contrary thing'. It is used to introduce a contrasting idea or to refer to the opposing side of something.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (from the crasis of the definite article ΤΟ and the adjective ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ)
Synonyms: ἈΛΛΑ, ἈΝΤΙ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ee-DON-tes
Translations: seeing, having seen, when they saw, as they saw
Notes: This is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'seeing' in a completed sense. It describes an action that occurred prior to or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can often be translated as a temporal clause (e.g., 'when they saw').
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-mai
Translations: I have been entrusted, I have been committed, I have been believed
Notes: This word is a verb in the perfect passive indicative mood, first person singular. It means 'I have been entrusted' or 'I have been committed' with something, indicating a state of having been given a trust or responsibility. It can also mean 'I have been believed' or 'I have been given faith'. The perfect tense emphasizes the continuing result of a past action.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ (pisteuō) comes from the noun ΠΙΣΤΙΣ (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. The verb form thus means 'to have faith', 'to trust', or 'to entrust'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G203
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ak-roh-by-STEE-as
Translations: of uncircumcision, of foreskin
Notes: This word refers to the state of being uncircumcised or, more literally, the foreskin itself. It is often used in a literal sense to describe the physical state, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to Gentiles or those not part of the covenant community, contrasting them with circumcised Jews. In the provided examples, it refers to the physical foreskin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΒΥΣΤΙΑ
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G4074
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: PEH-tross
Translations: Peter
Notes: This is the name of one of Jesus's twelve apostles, originally named Simon. Jesus gave him the name Peter, which means 'rock' or 'stone'. He is a prominent figure in the New Testament, often depicted as a leader among the disciples.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From the Greek word 'πέτρα' (petra), meaning 'rock' or 'stone'. The name was given by Jesus to Simon, signifying his foundational role.
G4061
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MACE
Translations: of circumcision, a circumcision
Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. It can also refer to the state of being circumcised. In a broader sense, it can be used metaphorically to describe a spiritual cutting away or purification.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΒΥΣΤΙΑ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek περιτέμνω (peritemnō, “to cut around”), from περί (perí, “around”) + τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).
G1754
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: en-er-GAY-sas
Translations: having worked, having been at work, having performed, having accomplished, having operated, having effected
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'energeō', meaning 'to work, to be at work, to operate, to effect'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It conveys the sense of someone having actively performed or accomplished something, often with a powerful or effective outcome.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G4073
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-tron
Translations: of rocks, of the rocks
Notes: This word refers to rocks or stones. It is the genitive plural form of the noun 'petra', meaning 'rock' or 'stone'. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of rocks' or 'belonging to rocks'. It can be used in contexts describing the material of something, the location, or the source.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΙΘΩΝ, ΒΡΑΧΩΝ
G0652
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-pos-toh-LAYN
Translations: mission, a mission, sending, a sending, commission, a commission, dispatch, a dispatch
Notes: This word refers to a sending forth, a mission, or a commission. It describes the act of sending someone or something out for a specific purpose, or the task or duty assigned to the one who is sent. It can be used to describe a divine commission or a human assignment.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΙΣ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ἈΠΟΣΤΟΛΗ (apostolē) comes from the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to send forth'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'.
G1754
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-er-GEE-sen
Translations: worked, performed, accomplished, brought about, was at work, was effective, operated
Notes: This word describes an active and effective working or operation, often implying a divine or powerful influence. It means to be at work, to operate, to effect, or to accomplish something. It is used to describe a force or power that is actively producing results, rather than just being present. It can refer to God's power working in someone or something, or to a person's active engagement in a task.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΈΩ, ΠΡΆΣΣΩ, ἘΡΓΆΖΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nay
Translations: nations, peoples, Gentiles
Notes: This word refers to groups of people, tribes, or nations. In a biblical context, especially in the New Testament, it often refers to non-Israelite peoples, commonly translated as 'Gentiles'. It can be used generally to mean any group of people.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΙ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: GNO-n-tes
Translations: knowing, having known, understanding, perceiving, recognizing, realizing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to know' or 'to understand'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, indicating that the subject has gained knowledge or understanding. It functions like an adjective or adverb in a sentence, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the state of knowing or having known something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G5485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHA-rin
Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks
Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: doh-THEY-san
Translations: given, having been given, that which was given, a given thing
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred and was received by the subject. In this form, it means 'having been given' or 'that which was given', indicating something that was the recipient of the action of giving.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΗΝ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΘΕΙΣΑΝ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΩΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.
G2385
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-bos
Translations: James, Jacob
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name James or Jacob. It is a common name found in the New Testament, referring to several individuals, most notably James, the brother of John, and James, the brother of Jesus. It is used to identify a specific person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name ἸΑΚΩΒΟΣ (Iakōbos) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), which means 'supplanter' or 'he who grasps the heel'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament.
G2786
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAY-fas
Translations: Cephas, Peter, Rock
Notes: This is a proper noun, an Aramaic name meaning 'rock' or 'stone'. It was the name given by Jesus to Simon, who became known as Simon Peter. It is used to refer to the apostle Peter in various New Testament texts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΟΣ
Etymology: Κηφᾶς (Kēphâs) is a transliteration of the Aramaic word 'Kepha' (כֵּיפָא), which means 'rock' or 'stone'. It was given as a surname to Simon by Jesus.
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays
Translations: John
Notes: This is a common male proper name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It is used to refer to various individuals named John, such as John the Baptist or the Apostle John. It functions as the subject of a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Ἰωάννης (Ioannes) is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוֹחָנָן), which means 'Yahweh is gracious'. It was a very common name in ancient Israel and continued to be popular in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.
G4769
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STOO-loy
Translations: pillars, columns, posts
Notes: This word refers to upright supports, typically made of stone or wood, used in construction to bear weight or as decorative elements. It can describe literal architectural columns or be used metaphorically to represent a strong support or foundation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΙΩΝ
Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to stand' or 'to set up'.
G1188
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: de-ksee-AS
Translations: (of) the right, (of) the right hand, (of) the right side, (of) a pledge, (of) an agreement
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or the noun 'δεξιά' (dexia), meaning 'right hand' or 'right side'. It can also refer to a pledge or agreement, often symbolized by the giving of the right hand. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'right hand' or 'right side' (as in 'cup of the right hand of the Lord') and also in the sense of 'pledges' or 'agreements' (as in 'giving pledges').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-kahn
Translations: they gave, they did give
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving that occurred in the past. It is typically used when referring to multiple subjects who performed the act of giving.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ
Etymology: The root word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, common in ancient Greek verbs.
G2842
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koy-noh-NEE-ahs
Translations: of fellowship, of participation, of communion, of sharing, of contribution, of partnership
Notes: This word refers to the state of having something in common, sharing, or participating with others. It can describe a close relationship or association, a joint undertaking, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in a religious context to describe spiritual communion or fellowship among believers.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΔΕΣΜΟΣ
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hay-MACE
Translations: we
Notes: This word is a first-person plural pronoun, meaning 'we'. It is used as the subject of a sentence or clause, indicating that the action is performed by the speaker and one or more other people. For example, 'we go' or 'we believe'.
Inflection: Nominative, Plural, First Person
Etymology: The word 'ΕΓΩ' (ego) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun that can function in several ways. It can be used as an intensive pronoun meaning 'self' or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. It can also serve as a simple third-person pronoun meaning 'he, she, it, they' or 'him, her, it, them'. When used with the article, it often functions as an adjective meaning 'the same'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
G4061
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MEN
Translations: circumcision, a circumcision
Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. In Koine Greek, it often refers to the Jewish practice of circumcision, which was a sign of the covenant with God. It can be used in both a literal sense and a metaphorical sense, referring to a spiritual cleansing or transformation.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From the Greek verb περιτέμνω (peritemnō), meaning 'to cut around'. It is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around', and τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G4434
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PTO-khone
Translations: of the poor, of beggars, of the destitute
Notes: This word refers to those who are poor, destitute, or beggars. It describes someone who is in a state of extreme poverty, often implying a complete lack of resources and dependence on others. It is used to describe individuals or groups who are economically disadvantaged.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΝΗΤΩΝ, ΕΝΔΕΩΝ
G3421
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: mnee-moh-NEH-oo-men
Translations: let us remember, we should remember, we may remember
Notes: This word means 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is used to express the act of recalling something from memory or keeping something in mind. In this form, it suggests a collective action or exhortation, like 'let us remember' or 'we should remember'.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ
G4704
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: es-poo-DAH-sa
Translations: I hurried, I was diligent, I strove, I made haste, I was eager
Notes: This word describes an action performed with eagerness, diligence, or haste. It implies putting effort into something, striving earnestly, or acting quickly. It is often used to convey a sense of urgency or commitment to a task.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ
Etymology: The word σπουδάζω (spoudazō) comes from σπουδή (spoudē), meaning 'haste, earnestness, zeal, diligence'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: it, itself, the same
Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-AY-sah-ee
Translations: to make, to do, to create, to perform, to produce, to bring about
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It expresses the action of making, doing, creating, or performing something. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after other verbs or prepositions to indicate purpose or result.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
G3753
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-teh
Translations: when, whenever, at which time
Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-then
Translations: came, went, arrived
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, specifically that 'he, she, or it came' or 'he, she, or it went'. It is used to indicate movement towards or away from a place or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G0490
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: an-tee-O-khee-an
Translations: Antioch
Notes: This word refers to Antioch, a significant ancient city located in Syria. It was a major center in the Hellenistic, Roman, and Byzantine periods, and played an important role in early Christianity. It is used here as the object of a preposition or verb indicating motion towards it.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G0436
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-TES-tayn
Translations: I resisted, I opposed, I stood against
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Therefore, it means 'to stand against', 'to resist', or 'to oppose'. It is used to describe an action of opposition or resistance towards someone or something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΑΝΤΙΠΙΠΤΩ
G2607
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle
Sounds like: kah-teg-NOHS-meh-nos
Translations: condemned, judged, found fault with, censured
Notes: This word describes someone who has been condemned or judged, often in a negative sense, indicating that they have been found guilty or at fault. It is a perfect passive participle, meaning the action of condemning has been completed upon the subject.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΕΚΡΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΔΙΚΑΣΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word καταγινώσκω (kataginōskō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Thus, it literally means 'to know against' or 'to judge against'.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G4253
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PRO
Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: el-THAYN
Translations: to come, to go, to arrive, to appear
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is used to express the action of coming or going in a general sense, often indicating the purpose or result of another action. For example, it can be used in phrases like 'before coming' or 'in order to come'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nas
Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things
Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine
G2384
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo
Translations: of Jacob
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Jacob'. Jacob is a significant figure in the Old Testament, one of the patriarchs of Israel, whose name was later changed to Israel. The word is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from Jacob'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Jacob' is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'he grasps the heel'. It is a common name in biblical texts.
G1484
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ETH-nohn
Translations: of nations, of Gentiles, of peoples, of the nations, of the Gentiles, of the peoples
Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a group of people, often specifically used in the New Testament to refer to non-Jewish people, i.e., the Gentiles. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of nations' or 'of Gentiles'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ
G4906
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-AYS-thee-en
Translations: to eat with, to dine with
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to eat together with' or 'to dine with'. It describes the act of sharing a meal or food in the company of others. It is often used to emphasize fellowship or association.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΙΠΝΕΩ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-thon
Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came
Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G5288
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-pes-TEL-len
Translations: was drawing back, was shrinking, was holding back, was withdrawing, was concealing
Notes: This word describes the action of drawing back, shrinking, or holding oneself back, often out of fear or caution. It can also mean to withdraw or to conceal something. The form 'υπεστελλεν' is the imperfect tense, indicating a continuous or repeated action in the past.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΣΥΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G0873
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pho-RI-zen
Translations: he was separating, he was setting apart, he was dividing, he was excluding
Notes: This word describes the action of separating, setting apart, or distinguishing something or someone from others. It can imply a physical separation, a division, or an exclusion. It is often used in contexts where something is designated for a specific purpose or removed from a general group.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ahf-TON
Translations: himself, herself, itself, themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, or themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject. For example, 'he saw himself'. It can be used for singular or plural subjects.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝ
G5399
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: foh-BOO-meh-nos
Translations: fearing, being afraid, revering, respecting, one who fears, he who fears
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΦΟΒΕΩ, meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. In a religious context, it can also mean 'to revere' or 'to respect God'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the state of fearing or revering, or describing an action done while fearing. It can be translated as 'fearing' or 'one who fears'.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΙΑΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G4942
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-yoo-pek-ree-THEE-san
Translations: they joined in hypocrisy, they played the hypocrite with, they dissembled with
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to join in hypocrisy or to play the hypocrite with someone. It describes the action of someone pretending to be something they are not, often in a deceptive or insincere way, and doing so in conjunction with others. It implies a shared act of dissimulation or pretense.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΠΟΙΕΟΜΑΙ
G3062
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: LOY-poy
Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover
Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ
Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy
Translations: Jews, the Jews
Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G0901
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bar-NAH-bas
Translations: Barnabas, Son of Encouragement, Son of Exhortation, Son of Consolation
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Barnabas, a prominent figure in the early Christian church, mentioned in the New Testament. His name, given to him by the apostles, means 'Son of Encouragement' or 'Son of Exhortation', reflecting his character and ministry. He was a Levite from Cyprus and a companion of Paul on his missionary journeys.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The name Barnabas is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'Son of Encouragement' or 'Son of Exhortation'. It was a surname given to Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, by the apostles.
G4876
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-ah-PEECH-thay
Translations: to be carried away with, to be led astray with, to be led away with
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'συν-' (together with) and the verb 'ἀπάγω' (to lead away). It means to be led away or carried along with someone or something, often implying being influenced or swayed by them. It is used to describe someone being drawn into a particular action or belief alongside others.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΠΑΡΑΦΕΡΩ, ΣΥΝΕΛΚΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G5272
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hoo-po-KREE-see
Translations: to hypocrisy, in hypocrisy, by hypocrisy, hypocrisy, a hypocrisy
Notes: This word refers to the act of pretending or feigning, often with the intent to deceive. It originally comes from the context of acting or playing a role on stage, hence the idea of putting on a false appearance. In a religious or moral context, it describes a discrepancy between one's outward actions or words and one's true inner beliefs or character.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΛΗΜΨΙΑ, ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ (hypokrisis) comes from the verb ὑποκρίνομαι (hypokrinomai), meaning 'to answer,' 'to interpret,' and later 'to play a part' or 'to pretend.' It is a compound word formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under,' and the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide.'
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EE-don
Translations: I saw, I beheld, I perceived
Notes: This is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It describes a completed action of seeing or perceiving that occurred in the past. It is often used to indicate a direct observation or a profound understanding.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩ, ΘΕΆΟΜΑΙ, ΓΙΝΏΣΚΩ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G3716
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: or-tho-po-DOO-sin
Translations: walk straight, walk uprightly, act straightforwardly
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to walk straight or to act straightforwardly. It implies living in accordance with truth or moral principles. It is often used metaphorically to describe one's conduct or behavior, indicating integrity and honesty.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ
Etymology: The word ὈΡΘΟΠΟΔΕΩ (orthopodeō) is a compound word derived from two Greek words: ὀρθός (orthos), meaning 'straight' or 'right', and πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'. Thus, it literally means 'to walk with straight feet' or 'to walk rightly'.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ahn
Translations: truth, a truth
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is often used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with what is real. In a sentence, it typically functions as the direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing that is known, spoken, or done truthfully.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pon
Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak
Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G2786
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: KAY-fah
Translations: Cephas, Peter
Notes: ΚΗΦΑ is the Aramaic name for Peter, one of Jesus's apostles. It means 'rock' or 'stone' and is often used interchangeably with the Greek name Peter. This form is an inflected form of the name.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΟΣ
G1715
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: em-PROS-then
Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously
Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yoss
Translations: Jewish, a Jew, a Judean, a Judean man
Notes: This word refers to someone who is Jewish, either by ethnicity or religion, or a resident of Judea. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Jewish' or as a noun to refer to 'a Jew' or 'a Judean'. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes between those who follow Jewish law and customs and those who do not.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΣ
Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It came to denote a member of the Jewish people.
G5225
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon
Translations: being, existing, subsisting, to be, to exist
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'υπάρχω' (huparchō), meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It describes a state of being or a pre-existing condition. It is often used to indicate someone or something that 'is' or 'exists' in a particular way or capacity, or to describe a continuous state of being.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G1483
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eth-nee-KOS
Translations: in a Gentile manner, like the Gentiles, heathenishly
Notes: This word describes an action or behavior that is characteristic of or in the manner of Gentiles or non-Jews. It implies acting in a way that is considered pagan or unholy from a Jewish or Christian perspective. For example, one might act 'in a Gentile manner' if they follow customs or practices not aligned with the teachings of the Gospel.
Inflection: Does not inflect (derived from the adjective ἘΘΝΙΚΟΣ)
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G2452
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-koss
Translations: Jewishly, in a Jewish manner, like a Jew
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'Jewish'. It describes an action or behavior that is done in the manner of Jews, according to Jewish customs, or in conformity with Jewish traditions. It indicates that something is performed or happens in a way characteristic of Jewish practice.
Inflection: Does not inflect
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ZAYS
Translations: you may live, you might live, live
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'zaō', meaning 'to live'. It is used to express a potential or desired action, often translated as 'you may live' or 'you might live'. It can also function as a command or exhortation in certain contexts, meaning 'live!'
Inflection: Second person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G4459
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POHS
Translations: how, in what way, by what means, that, in order that
Notes: ΠΩΣ is an adverb used to inquire about the manner or means by which something occurs, translating to "how" or "in what way." It can introduce direct or indirect questions. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning "that" or "in order that," especially when expressing purpose or result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative and interrogative pronominal stems.
G0315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAH-zehss
Translations: you compel, you force, you urge, you constrain
Notes: This verb means to compel, force, urge, or constrain someone to do something. It implies a strong influence or necessity, often against one's will or preference. It can be used in contexts where physical force is applied, or where moral or circumstantial pressure is exerted.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ
G2450
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Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb
Sounds like: ee-oo-dah-EE-zayn
Translations: to Judaize, to live like a Jew, to adopt Jewish customs
Notes: This word describes the act of living according to Jewish customs or adopting Jewish practices. It implies conforming to Jewish traditions, often in a religious or cultural sense. It can be used to describe someone who, despite not being ethnically Jewish, chooses to follow Jewish laws and traditions.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΤΕΜΝΩ
G5449
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FYOO-say
Translations: (to) nature, (to) birth, (to) kind, (to) origin, (to) character, (to) species, (to) natural disposition
Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or natural order of something. It can describe the essential quality or disposition of a person, animal, or thing. In the dative case, as seen here, it often implies 'by nature' or 'naturally,' indicating an inherent quality or manner of being.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G0268
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-TOH-loy
Translations: sinners, the sinners
Notes: This word refers to people who are sinners, those who miss the mark or fail to meet a standard, especially in a moral or religious sense. It is often used to describe individuals who are morally corrupt or estranged from God due to their actions.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek word 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin', combined with the suffix '-ωλός' (-ōlos), which indicates a person characterized by the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who sins' or 'sinful'.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ee-DOH-tes
Translations: knowing, having known, being aware, understanding
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to be aware'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in a state of knowing or having known something. It can be used to indicate the reason for an action or the state of a subject.
Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΕΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The verb 'oida' (from which 'eidotes' is derived) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. In Greek, it evolved to signify knowledge gained through observation or experience.
G1344
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-kah-YOO-tah-ee
Translations: is justified, is declared righteous, is acquitted, is made righteous, is vindicated
Notes: This word means to be declared righteous, just, or innocent. It is often used in a legal sense to mean to be acquitted or vindicated, or in a theological sense to mean to be made right with God. It describes the state of being deemed righteous, rather than the process of becoming righteous.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΟΜΑΙ, ΑΘΩΟΟΜΑΙ
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gohn
Translations: of works, of deeds, of actions, of tasks
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or tasks. It is often used in a broad sense to describe anything that is done or produced, whether good or bad. It can refer to physical labor, moral conduct, or the results of an activity.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑΤΩΝ
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: noh-MOO
Translations: of law, of a law, law
Notes: This word refers to a law, principle, or custom. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Mosaic Law, but can also denote a general principle or rule. It is used to describe a standard of conduct or a body of regulations.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΚΑΝΩΝ
Etymology: From a root meaning 'to parcel out, distribute'. It refers to that which is assigned or appointed, hence a custom or law.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ
Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pis-TEH-ohs
Translations: of faith, of belief, of trust, of conviction
Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'πίστις' (pistis), meaning 'faith', 'belief', or 'trust'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English. For example, 'the work of faith' or 'by means of faith'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣΥΝΗ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: khri-STOO
Translations: of Christ, of the Anointed One, of the Messiah
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ' (Christos), meaning 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. It refers to the one chosen and consecrated by God, particularly Jesus. As a genitive case, 'ΧΡΙΣΤΟΥ' indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of Christ' or 'belonging to Christ'. It can be used to describe something that pertains to Christ or is from Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΣ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRIS-ton
Translations: Christ, the Christ, Anointed One, the Anointed One
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is primarily used as a title for Jesus, signifying his role as the promised deliverer. It is often used with the definite article 'the' (the Christ) or as a proper name (Christ). As an accusative form, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-sa-men
Translations: we believed, we trusted, we had faith
Notes: This word means 'we believed' or 'we trusted'. It is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes an action of believing or trusting that occurred in the past and was completed.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΜΕΝ, ΕΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΘΑ
G1344
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-THOH-men
Translations: we may be justified, we may be declared righteous, we may be acquitted
Notes: This word means to be justified, declared righteous, or acquitted. It is often used in a theological context to describe how a person is made right with God, not through their own works, but through faith. It is a compound word, formed from the root ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (DIKAIOS), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G1344
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-THEE-seh-teh
Translations: will be justified, shall be justified
Notes: This word means to be declared righteous, acquitted, or vindicated. It is used to describe someone who will be shown to be in the right or made righteous, often in a legal or moral sense. As a future passive verb, it indicates an action that will be done to the subject by an external agent.
Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ, ΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ (dikaioō) comes from the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It signifies the act of making or declaring someone righteous.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAH-sah
Translations: all, every, a whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and must agree with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SARX
Translations: flesh, a flesh, body, a body, human nature, a human nature, mankind, a mankind
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature. In a broader sense, it can also refer to humanity or mankind. It is often used to contrast the physical, earthly aspect of existence with the spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΑΡΞ (sarx) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.
G2212
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: zay-TOON-tes
Translations: seeking, looking for, searching for, desiring, requiring
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ζητέω' (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to look for'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially, often translated as 'those who are seeking' or 'while seeking'. It implies an active and continuous effort to find or obtain something.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ
G1344
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-oh-THEE-nai
Translations: to be justified, to be declared righteous, to be acquitted
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be made or declared righteous, or to be acquitted. It is often used in a legal or theological context, referring to a person being deemed just or innocent, especially in the sight of God. It describes the state of being put right or vindicated.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-re-THEY-men
Translations: we were found, we have been found
Notes: This is a verb in the passive voice, meaning 'to be found' or 'to be discovered'. It describes a state where the subject is the one being found, rather than actively finding something. It is used to indicate that a group of people (we) were discovered or revealed to be in a certain state or condition.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 1st Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ
G0686, G0685
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Part of Speech: Particle, Noun
Sounds like: AH-rah
Translations: then, therefore, so, consequently, perhaps, indeed, is it that?, curse, an imprecation
Notes: The word 'ἈΡΑ' can function as a particle or a noun. As a particle, it is used to introduce a question, often expecting a negative answer, or to draw an inference, meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It can also express a degree of uncertainty or possibility, translating to 'perhaps' or 'indeed'. As a noun, 'ἈΡΑ' refers to a curse or an imprecation, a solemn utterance intended to invoke a supernatural power to inflict harm or punishment on someone or something.
Inflection: As a particle, it does not inflect. As a noun, it is Feminine, Singular, Nominative.
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓Ν, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑ
Etymology: The particle 'ἈΡΑ' is of uncertain origin, possibly an onomatopoeic exclamation. The noun 'ἈΡΑ' (curse) is also of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb 'ἀράομαι' (araomai) meaning 'to pray, to curse'.
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOSS
Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-as
Translations: of sin, of sins, of a sin, sin, a sin
Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a transgression against divine or moral law. It can also refer to the state of sinfulness. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, often translated as 'of sin' or 'of sins'. It is commonly used in theological contexts to describe moral failings.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G1249
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-AH-koh-noss
Translations: deacon, a deacon, servant, a servant, minister, a minister
Notes: This word refers to a servant, minister, or deacon. It describes someone who performs service, whether in a general sense of waiting on tables or serving others, or in a more specific religious sense as an official church leader (a deacon). It emphasizes the act of service and ministry.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ
Etymology: From διά (dia, 'through') and κόνις (konis, 'dust'), possibly referring to someone who raises dust by hurrying to serve, or more generally, someone who serves through or by means of something. It denotes one who executes the commands of another, especially in a religious or official capacity.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh
Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ
Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G2647
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-LYOO-sah
Translations: I overthrew, I destroyed, I abolished, I lodged, I stayed
Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb καταλύω (katalyō). It means 'I overthrew,' 'I destroyed,' or 'I abolished' in a context of bringing something to an end or nullifying it. It can also mean 'I lodged' or 'I stayed,' referring to finding a place to rest or reside, especially for the night. The meaning depends on the context.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΤΡΕΨΑ, ΚΑΤΕΣΚΑΨΑ, ΚΑΤΕΛΥΘΗΝ
Etymology: The word καταλύω is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose,' 'to untie,' or 'to destroy.'
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MO
Translations: build, erect, construct, edify, restore, rebuild
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'δομέω' (to build). It means to build a house or any structure, to construct, or to erect. Metaphorically, it can mean to build up or edify someone, referring to spiritual or moral construction. It is used to describe the act of creating or establishing something, whether physical or abstract.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΟΜΕΩ, ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΩ
Etymology: From the Greek noun ΟΙΚΟΣ (house) and the verb ΔΟΜΕΩ (to build). It literally means 'to build a house' and developed to include the broader sense of building or edifying.
G3848
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pah-rah-BAH-teen
Translations: transgressor, a transgressor, lawbreaker, a lawbreaker
Notes: This word refers to someone who violates a law, command, or agreement. It describes a person who steps across a boundary or goes beyond what is permitted, often implying a deliberate act of disobedience or a breach of trust. It is used to describe someone who breaks the law.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word "παραβάτης" (parabatēs) is a compound word derived from "παρά" (para), meaning "beside, by, beyond," and "βαίνω" (bainō), meaning "to go, to step." Thus, it literally means "one who steps beyond" or "one who goes beside/across," referring to someone who oversteps a boundary or rule.
G1683
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOW-ton
Translations: myself
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'myself'. It is used when the action of the verb reflects back on the subject of the sentence. It is a compound word, formed from the personal pronoun 'me' (ἘΜΟΥ) and the intensive pronoun 'self' (ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G4921
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-is-TAH-no
Translations: commend, prove, establish, introduce, recommend, stand with
Notes: This verb means to commend, introduce, prove, or establish. It can be used in various contexts, such as commending someone to another, proving the truth of something, or establishing a fact or a person's standing. It implies bringing something or someone into a position of recognition or firmness.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular (or Infinitive)
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΙΣΤΑΝΩ (HISTANO), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand together' or 'to cause to stand with'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-GOH
Translations: I, me
Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.
G3551
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOH-moh
Translations: (to) law, (to) a law, (to) custom, (to) a custom, (to) principle, (to) a principle
Notes: This word refers to a law, custom, or principle. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Mosaic Law, but can also denote a general principle or rule. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the recipient or indirect object of an action, or the means by which something is done.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THA-non
Translations: I died, they died, he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word means 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is the aorist active indicative form, which describes a past action completed at a specific point in time. It can be either first person singular ('I died') or third person plural ('they died'). In some contexts, it can also be used for third person singular ('he/she/it died').
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΕΚΠΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΘΝῌΣΚΩ (thnēskō), meaning 'to die'. The prefix emphasizes the separation from life.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oh
Translations: (to) God, (for) God, a God
Notes: This is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. It refers to the supreme being in a monotheistic context, or to a deity in a polytheistic context. When used in the dative case, it typically indicates the recipient of an action or the one for whom something is done, hence 'to God' or 'for God'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ZAY-soh
Translations: I will live, I shall live
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. In this form, it indicates a future action, specifically 'I will live' or 'I shall live'. It is used to express the continuation of life or the act of coming to life.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G4871
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-es-tow-RO-my
Translations: I have been crucified with, I am crucified with
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to be crucified with' or 'to be co-crucified'. It is often used metaphorically in a spiritual sense, indicating a deep identification with someone else's crucifixion, particularly in the context of dying to an old way of life alongside Christ. It implies a shared experience of death, leading to a new life.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Indicative, Passive
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (STAUROO), meaning 'to crucify'. ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ is derived from ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (STAUROS), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'.
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ZOH
Translations: I live, I am alive, I have life
Notes: This word means 'to live', 'to be alive', or 'to have life'. It can refer to physical existence, spiritual vitality, or eternal life, depending on the context. It is used to describe the state of being alive or the act of continuing to exist.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary verb, which is of uncertain origin. It is related to the concept of life and existence.
G3765
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ook-EH-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).
G2198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ZAY
Translations: live, to live, be alive, to be alive
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live' or 'to be alive'. It is used to describe the state of being alive or the act of living. In the provided context, it appears to be used in a contrast, such as 'to die or to live'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G4561
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sar-KEE
Translations: flesh, body, a body, human nature, carnal nature
Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature in general. It can also denote the carnal or sinful aspect of human nature, especially in a theological context. It is often used to distinguish the physical from the spiritual.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tei
Translations: (by) faith, (in) faith, (with) faith, (to) faith, (by) trust, (in) trust, (with) trust, (to) trust, (by) belief, (in) belief, (with) belief, (to) belief
Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'faith,' 'trust,' or 'belief.' It refers to a firm conviction or reliance on something or someone. In Koine Greek, it is often used to describe spiritual faith, particularly in God or Christ. As a dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'by,' 'in,' 'with,' or 'to.'
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OO
Translations: of a son, of son, of the son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring or descendant. It is commonly used to denote a son, but can also refer to a male child in general, or even a descendant in a broader sense, such as 'sons of Israel' meaning the people of Israel. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0025
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-gah-pay-SAN-tos
Translations: of the one who loved, of him who loved, of having loved
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb 'Ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone who has performed the action of loving. In this form, it refers to 'the one who loved' or 'him who loved', indicating a completed action of love.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΦΙΛΈΩ, ἘΡΆΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pa-ra-DON-tos
Translations: of having delivered, of having handed over, of having betrayed, of having committed, of having entrusted, of having given up
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραδίδωμι', meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to commit', or 'to betray'. As a genitive participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or cause of an action, similar to 'when he had delivered' or 'because he had handed over'. It describes an action completed in the past relative to the main verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G5228
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-PER
Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than
Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-MOO
Translations: (of) me, my
Notes: This is the genitive case of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It indicates possession or origin, functioning similarly to 'of me' or 'my' in English. It is used to show that something belongs to the speaker or comes from the speaker.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, First Person
Synonyms: ΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the first-person singular pronoun, indicating the speaker.
G0114
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-theh-TOH
Translations: to reject, to nullify, to set aside, to make void, to despise, to disannul
Notes: This verb means to reject, nullify, or set aside something, often implying a disregard for an agreement, law, or authority. It can also mean to despise or treat with contempt. It is used to describe actions that render something ineffective or invalid.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative
Synonyms: ἈΚΥΡΟΩ, ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ
Etymology: From Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to place, to set'), meaning literally 'to not place' or 'to displace'.
G1343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay
Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns.
G1432
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: doh-reh-AHN
Translations: freely, for nothing, without cause, in vain, gratuitously, undeservedly
Notes: This word means 'freely' or 'gratuitously,' indicating something given or done without cost or obligation. It can also mean 'without cause' or 'in vain,' implying that something is done without a valid reason or achieves no purpose. It is used to describe actions that are unmerited or without charge.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΩΡΕΑ
Etymology: From the noun δωρεά (dōrea), meaning 'a gift' or 'a present,' which itself comes from δῶρον (dōron), also meaning 'gift.' The suffix -αν makes it an adverb.
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THA-nen
Translations: he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word means 'he died', 'she died', or 'it died'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to die'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, "to die"). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb, emphasizing the finality of death.
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