2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tays

Translations: prophet, a prophet

Notes: A prophet is a person who speaks for God, often delivering divine messages, interpreting God's will, or foretelling future events. They are seen as inspired by God to communicate His word to humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs), from πρό (pró, “before”) + φημί (phēmí, “to speak”). It literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks for'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1052

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAL-ah-ahd

Translations: Gilead

Notes: Gilead is a geographical region in ancient Palestine, located east of the Jordan River. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a mountainous and fertile area, known for its balm and pastures. It was inhabited by various tribes of Israel.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name Gilead is of Hebrew origin, from the word גִּלְעָד (Gil'ad), meaning 'heap of witness' or 'mound of testimony'. It is associated with the heap of stones set up by Jacob and Laban as a covenant witness.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah-tos

Translations: mouth, a mouth, (of) mouth, (of) a mouth

Notes: This word refers to the mouth, either literally as a part of the body (of humans or animals) or metaphorically as the source of speech, utterance, or command. It is often used in contexts related to speaking, declaring, or consuming.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΕΙΛΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΟΜΑ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *stom-n-, meaning 'mouth'. It is related to words for mouth in other Indo-European languages.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G4487

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RHE-ma

Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance

Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G1782

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-TEF-then

Translations: from here, hence, thence, from this place, from this time, from that time, from this point

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating origin or sequence. It means 'from this place' or 'from this time/point onward'. It can be used to denote physical departure from a location or a logical progression from a previous statement or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ, ΕΝΘΑΔΕ

Etymology: This word is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the demonstrative stem 'τεῦθεν', indicating origin or direction from a place.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0395

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-to-LAS

Translations: east, the east, sunrise, the risings, the sunrises

Notes: This word refers to the direction where the sun rises, hence 'east' or 'sunrise'. It can also refer to the act of rising itself, such as the rising of the sun or stars. In a broader sense, it can denote the region or lands to the east.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΤΟΛΑΙ

Etymology: From the verb ἀνατέλλω (anatellō), meaning 'to rise up' or 'to cause to rise'. It combines ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up', and τέλλω (tellō), meaning 'to accomplish' or 'to rise'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5494

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-mar-RHO

Translations: winter torrent, a winter torrent, brook, a brook, stream, a stream

Notes: This word refers to a stream or torrent, often one that flows only in winter or during heavy rains, as opposed to a perennial river. It describes a watercourse that can be powerful and fast-flowing due to seasonal precipitation. It is used to denote a specific type of water body.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΑΜΟΣ, ΝΑΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΕΙΜΑΡΡΩ (cheimarrho) is a compound word derived from two Greek words: ΧΕΙΜΑ (cheima), meaning 'winter' or 'storm,' and ῬΕΩ (rheo), meaning 'to flow.' Thus, it literally means 'that which flows in winter' or 'storm-flow.'

G5496

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KHOR-rath

Translations: Cherith

Notes: Cherith is a proper noun referring to a specific wadi or brook mentioned in the Old Testament. It is known as the place where the prophet Elijah hid during a drought, being fed by ravens. As a proper noun, it identifies a unique geographical location.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew word כְּרִית (Kerith), meaning 'a cutting' or 'a cutting off', likely referring to a ravine or a place where a stream cuts through the land.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-TREH-fain

Translations: to nourish, to feed, to sustain, to provide for

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning "through" or "thoroughly," and the verb τρέφω (trephō), meaning "to nourish" or "to feed." Therefore, διατρέφειν means to thoroughly nourish, to provide sustenance for, or to keep alive by feeding. It is used to describe the act of providing food and care to someone or something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΙΤΙΖΩ, ΒΟΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word διατρέφω is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning "through" or "thoroughly," and the verb τρέφω (trephō), meaning "to nourish, to rear, to bring up." The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of the verb, implying a complete or continuous act of nourishment.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G1181

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEI-lees

Translations: evening, a evening, dusk, late in the day

Notes: This word refers to the time of day when the sun sets, specifically evening or dusk. It is often used to indicate the period from late afternoon until nightfall. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to the evening time, such as 'in the evening' or 'at evening'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of 'fear' or 'cowardice' (δείλη, 'cowardice'), possibly referring to the time when shadows lengthen and things become less clear or more uncertain.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3583

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ay-RAN-thay

Translations: it was dried up, it withered, it became dry, it was parched

Notes: This word describes something that has become dry, withered, or parched. It is used to indicate a state of complete dryness or decay, often in reference to plants, land, or even a hand. It is a compound word, formed from the prefix ἐξ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'completely', and the verb ξηραίνω (xērainō), meaning 'to dry up'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΥΑΙΝΩ, ΜΑΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ξηραίνω (xērainō) comes from the adjective ξηρός (xēros), meaning 'dry'.

G5494

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-MAR-roos

Translations: torrent, winter stream, brook, a torrent, a winter stream, a brook

Notes: This word is a compound noun referring to a stream or river that flows only during the winter or rainy season, often with great force, like a torrent. It implies a temporary, often violent, flow of water, as opposed to a perennial river. It is used to describe a rushing stream or a wadi that fills up during heavy rains.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΑΜΟΣ, ΡΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word "χειμάρρους" is a compound of two Greek words: "χείμα" (cheima), meaning "winter" or "storm," and "ῥέω" (rheō), meaning "to flow." Thus, it literally means "winter-flowing" or "storm-flowing."

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: Ah-nas-TAY-thee

Translations: Rise up!, Stand up!, Arise!

Notes: This word is a command, specifically telling one person to 'rise up' or 'stand up'. It can be used literally, such as rising from a seated or prone position, or metaphorically, such as rising to action or from a state of inactivity or death. It functions as a direct order or exhortation.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΟ, ΣΤΗΘΙ

Etymology: The word ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), from which ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ is derived, is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to set'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand up' or 'to cause to stand up again'.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-LEH-gen

Translations: was gathering, was collecting, was assembling, was bringing together

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to gather together,' 'to collect,' or 'to assemble.' It describes an ongoing action of bringing things or people into one place. It can be used for collecting physical objects like wood, or for assembling people, or even for accumulating abstract concepts like suspicions.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΙΡΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3694

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: O-PI-so

Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1474

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-KROO-fee-as

Translations: a cake, a baked cake, a hidden cake, a cake baked under the ashes

Notes: This word refers to a cake, often one baked under the ashes or coals, hence 'hidden' or 'covered' during its preparation. It is a compound word derived from 'ἐν' (in) and 'κρύπτω' (to hide). It describes a type of bread or cake that is prepared in a concealed manner, typically by being buried in hot ashes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΤΟΣ, ΠΛΑΚΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the verb 'κρύπτω' (to hide, conceal), referring to something hidden or baked within something else, specifically ashes.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G1405

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DRAX

Translations: handful, a handful

Notes: This word refers to a handful, specifically the amount that can be held in the hand. It is often used in contexts describing a small quantity of something, such as flour or oil, that can be grasped in one's hand.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΡΑΓΜΑ, ΔΡΑΚΑ

Etymology: The word "δράξ" (drax) is related to the verb "δράσσομαι" (drassomai), meaning "to grasp" or "to take a handful." It is derived from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to grasp."

G1637

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ee-on

Translations: oil, an oil, olive oil, an olive oil

Notes: This word refers to oil, most commonly olive oil, which was a staple in ancient Mediterranean cultures. It was used for food, fuel for lamps, anointing, and medicinal purposes. It can be used in sentences to refer to the substance itself, such as 'they brought the oil' or 'the oil was scarce'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From an assumed root related to the olive tree. It is connected to the word for olive, 'ἘΛΑΙΑ' (ELAIA).

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sool-LEH-goh

Translations: gather, collect, pick up, assemble

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (to gather, to say). It means to gather together, collect, or assemble. It is often used in the context of collecting things, such as crops or people, into one place. For example, one might gather grapes or collect a crowd.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative (1st Person Singular) or Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the prefix ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to pick'. The combination emphasizes the action of bringing things together.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-thah-NOO-meh-thah

Translations: we will die, we shall die

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'we will die' or 'we shall die'. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb θνῄσκω (thnēiskō), meaning 'to die'. The compound emphasizes the finality or completion of the act of dying. It is used to express a future action of death for a group of people (first person plural).

Inflection: First Person Plural, Future Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G1473

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-KROO-fee-ahn

Translations: a cake, a baked cake, a hidden cake

Notes: This word refers to a cake or a baked cake, often one that is hidden or baked under ashes. It is typically used to describe a type of bread or pastry. In the provided context, it refers to a small cake or a barley cake.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΤΟΣ, ΠΛΑΚΟΥΣ

Etymology: From the verb ΕΓΚΡΥΠΤΩ (enkryptō), meaning 'to hide in, to conceal', combined with a suffix indicating a thing that is hidden or baked within. It literally means 'something hidden within' or 'something baked within'.

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G2763

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kap-SAH-kees

Translations: flask, a flask, cruse, a cruse, jar, a jar

Notes: This word refers to a small container, typically a flask, cruse, or jar, used for holding liquids, especially oil or water. It is often depicted as a vessel with a narrow neck, suitable for pouring. In the provided examples, it is used to describe a container for oil or water.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΔΡΙΑ, ΑΓΓΕΙΟΝ, ΠΙΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΨΑΚΗΣ (kapsakēs) is derived from the Greek word κάψα (kapsa), meaning 'box' or 'case', with the diminutive suffix -άκης (-akēs). This suggests a small container or box.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G1578

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EH-lee-pen

Translations: failed, ceased, came to an end, fainted, died, vanished, was wanting

Notes: This word describes something that has failed, ceased to exist, come to an end, or vanished. It can also mean to faint or die. It implies a complete cessation or disappearance of something, often due to a lack or exhaustion.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΠΑΥΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ (ekleipō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon'. Thus, it literally means 'to leave out' or 'to leave off', leading to the sense of failing or ceasing.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koo

Translations: of a house, of a home, of a household, of a temple, of a family, of a dwelling, of a building

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', 'home', 'household', 'family', or 'temple'. It indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'τοῦ οἴκου' would mean 'of the house'. It can refer to a physical dwelling, a family unit, or even a spiritual dwelling like a temple.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'οἶκος' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'dwelling' or 'house'. It is related to words for 'house' in other Indo-European languages.

G769

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahr-roh-STEE-ah

Translations: sickness, a sickness, illness, disease, a disease, infirmity, an infirmity

Notes: This word refers to a state of physical weakness, illness, or disease. It can describe any condition that causes a person to be unwell or infirm. It is used in sentences to denote a specific ailment or a general state of poor health.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΝΟΣΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀρρωστέω (arrhōsteō), meaning 'to be sick' or 'to be ill', which is derived from ἀ- (a-, 'not') and ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). Thus, it literally means 'lack of strength' or 'weakness'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G5277

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LEIF-thay

Translations: was left, remained, was remaining, was left behind

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'remaining', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave'. In this specific form, it indicates that something or someone was left behind or remained. It is often used to describe a remnant or what is left after a larger group or quantity has departed or been removed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-thess

Translations: you entered, you came in

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to come in'. It is formed from the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one, or arriving at a destination. It is often followed by a preposition like 'πρός' (pros) or 'εἰς' (eis) to indicate the place or person entered.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G0363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-MNEH-sai

Translations: to remind, to recall, to bring to remembrance, to remember

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remind' or 'to recall'. It is often used to describe the act of bringing something to someone's mind or remembering something oneself. In the provided examples, it appears in the infinitive form, indicating purpose, such as 'to remind of my iniquities' or 'to recall the day of your youth'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ὙΠΟΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō, 'to remind, remember'). It implies a renewed or intensified act of remembering or bringing to mind.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doss

Translations: give

Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to issue a direct command or instruction to a single person, equivalent to saying 'Give!' or 'You give!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EEN-eng-ken

Translations: brought up, offered, carried up, bore up

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. In its inflected form, it means 'he/she/it brought up' or 'he/she/it offered'. It is often used in the context of offering sacrifices or carrying something upwards.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναφέρω (anapherō) is derived from the prefix ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'.

G5253

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-OH-on

Translations: upper room, a upper room, upper chamber, a upper chamber, loft, a loft

Notes: This word refers to an upper room or an upper chamber, typically found in a house. It was often used for various purposes, such as sleeping, meeting, or storing items, and could be a private or communal space. In ancient houses, the upper room was often a significant part of the dwelling.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΓΕΟΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and a noun related to 'room' or 'place'. It literally means 'that which is above the room' or 'the upper part of a house'.

G3144

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAR-toos

Translations: witness, a witness, martyr, a martyr

Notes: This word refers to a witness, someone who gives testimony or evidence, often in a legal or judicial context. In later Christian usage, it also came to mean a 'martyr,' someone who bears witness to their faith by suffering death. It can be used to describe a person who has seen or heard something and can provide an account of it, or someone who attests to the truth of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΣ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to remember' or 'to be mindful of,' which evolved to mean 'to bear witness' or 'to testify.'

G3326

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G2730

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-toy-KOH

Translations: dwell, inhabit, reside, live, a dweller, one who dwells

Notes: This verb means to dwell, inhabit, or reside in a place. It implies a settled or permanent habitation. It can be used to describe people living in a city or country, or even God dwelling in heaven. When used as a participle, it can function as a noun, meaning 'one who dwells' or 'an inhabitant'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular (I dwell); or Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular (dwelling, the one dwelling)

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΖΑΩ, ΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΙΚΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (OIKEŌ), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. The combination suggests a settled or permanent dwelling.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1720

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eh-FYOO-see-sen

Translations: he breathed into, he blew upon, he breathed on

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to breathe into' or 'to blow upon'. It describes the action of expelling air from the lungs onto or into something. It is often used in contexts where a divine or life-giving breath is imparted, or where a powerful gust of wind is described.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΩ, ΕΜΠΝΕΩ, ΦΥΣΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΜΦΥΣΑΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΦΥΣΑΩ (physaō), meaning 'to blow' or 'to breathe'.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-traf-AY-toh

Translations: let it return, let him return, let her return, let it be turned, let him be turned, let her be turned, let it be converted, let him be converted, let her be converted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to turn around, return, or convert. It is often used in a literal sense of physical movement, such as turning back or returning to a place. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a spiritual turning or conversion, where someone turns away from sin or a previous way of life and turns towards God or a new path. It is used as a command or an exhortation.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLEH-peh

Translations: see, look, behold, perceive, beware, take heed, consider

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It can also mean 'to perceive' or 'to understand'. In some contexts, it carries the sense of 'to beware' or 'to take heed', especially when used as an imperative. It is often used to direct attention to something or to warn someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ΒΛΕΠΩ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin.

G1097