2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yp-see-LOYS

Translations: (to) high, (to) lofty, (to) exalted, (on) high places, (to) heights

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'high', 'lofty', or 'exalted'. It can refer to physical height, such as a high mountain or a high place, or to metaphorical elevation, such as a high status or an exalted position. When used substantively, especially in the dative plural as in this form, it often refers to 'high places' or 'heights', which in ancient contexts could be sites of worship or sacrifice.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OH

Translations: to the Lord, for the Lord, to the master, for the master, to an owner, for an owner

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, meaning 'Lord,' 'master,' or 'owner.' In the dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, the recipient, or the beneficiary. It is commonly used in religious contexts to refer to God or Jesus Christ, but can also refer to a human master or owner. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'to give thanks to the Lord' or 'to serve the master.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4672

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-loh-MOHN

Translations: Solomon

Notes: This is the name of King Solomon, the son of David and Bathsheba, who succeeded his father as king of Israel. He is renowned for his wisdom, wealth, and the construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. The word is used to refer specifically to this historical figure.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name Σαλωμών (Salōmōn) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name שְׁלֹמֹה (Shelomoh), which is derived from the Hebrew root שָׁלֹם (shalom), meaning 'peace'. Thus, Solomon's name is often interpreted as 'peaceful' or 'man of peace'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G2379

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-thy-MEE-ah

Translations: incense, a burning of incense, an offering of incense

Notes: This word refers to incense, which is an aromatic material that produces a fragrant smoke when burned. It is often used in religious rituals as an offering or a means of purification. In ancient contexts, it was commonly burned on altars as part of worship or sacrifice.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΙΑΜΑ, ΛΙΒΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb θύω (thyo), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer by burning'. It is related to the concept of burning aromatic substances as an offering to deities.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-bah-OHN

Translations: Gibeon, (of) Gibeon, (in) Gibeon

Notes: Gibeon was an ancient city in Canaan, located northwest of Jerusalem. It is frequently mentioned in the Old Testament as a significant city, particularly in the books of Joshua, Samuel, and Kings. It was known for its inhabitants, the Gibeonites, who made a treaty with Joshua. The word is used to refer to the city itself or to people associated with it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Locative

Etymology: The word ΓΑΒΑΩΝ (Gabaōn) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word גִּבְעוֹן (Giv'on), meaning 'hill city' or 'hilly place'.

G2380

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: thoo-SAI

Translations: to sacrifice, to offer, to kill (for sacrifice)

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive, meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to offer a sacrifice'. It refers to the act of presenting an offering, often an animal, to a deity. It can also mean to kill an animal specifically for the purpose of sacrifice. It is used to express the purpose or result of an action, similar to 'in order to sacrifice' or 'for sacrificing'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: From a primary verb, probably akin to the root of Latin 'fumus' (smoke), suggesting an original meaning related to burning offerings.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoop-see-loh-TAH-tay

Translations: highest, most high, very high, loftiest, most exalted

Notes: This word is the feminine singular nominative form of the superlative adjective 'ΥΨΗΛΟΣ' (hypsēlos), meaning 'high' or 'lofty'. As a superlative, it means 'highest' or 'most high'. It is used to describe something that is at the greatest height, whether literally in terms of elevation or figuratively in terms of status or importance. For example, it could describe a very tall mountain or a person of the highest rank.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΟΣ

G3646

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ho-lo-KOW-toh-sin

Translations: burnt offering, a burnt offering, whole burnt offering, a whole burnt offering

Notes: This word refers to a sacrifice that is completely consumed by fire on an altar, often as an act of worship or atonement. It is a compound word, combining 'holos' (whole) and 'kaustos' (burnt), emphasizing the complete consumption of the offering.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΑΥΤΩΜΑ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὁλόκαυστος (holókaustos, “burnt whole”), from ὅλος (hólos, “whole”) + καυστός (kaustós, “burnt”).

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EEN-eng-ken

Translations: brought up, offered, carried up, bore up

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. In its inflected form, it means 'he/she/it brought up' or 'he/she/it offered'. It is often used in the context of offering sacrifices or carrying something upwards.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀναφέρω (anapherō) is derived from the prefix ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2379

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-see-as-TEE-ree-on

Translations: altar, an altar

Notes: This word refers to an altar, a raised structure or place on which sacrifices or offerings are made to a deity. It is typically used in religious contexts to denote the sacred place where rituals involving offerings take place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ" (thysiastērion) is derived from "θυσιάζω" (thysiazō), meaning 'to sacrifice', which in turn comes from "θυσία" (thysia), meaning 'sacrifice' or 'offering'. It literally means 'place of sacrifice'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G5258

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HYP-noh

Translations: (to) sleep, (to) a sleep, (of) sleep

Notes: This word refers to the state of sleep or slumber. It is often used in a literal sense to describe the act of sleeping, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to a state of spiritual unawareness or even death. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case to mean 'to sleep' or 'for sleep', and in the genitive case to mean 'of sleep'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative or Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΗΣΙΣ, ΝΥΣΤΑΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sup-no- (sleep), from root *swep- (to sleep).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0155

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-TEE-ma

Translations: request, a request, petition, a petition, demand, a demand

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to something that is asked for, a request, or a petition. It can also imply a demand. It is used to describe the act or content of asking for something, whether from a person or from God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΗCΙC, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΑἸ̓ΤΗΜΑ is derived from the verb ΑἸΤΕΩ (aiteō), meaning 'to ask, beg, or demand'. It refers to the result or object of asking.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-loo

Translations: of a slave, of a servant, of a bondservant

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'δούλος' (doulos), meaning 'slave' or 'servant'. It refers to someone who is in a state of servitude, whether by compulsion or by choice, often implying complete devotion or submission to a master or to God. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, so it translates as 'of a slave' or 'of a servant'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΤΗΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity

Notes: ἘΛΕΟΣ refers to active compassion, pity, or mercy, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by God to humanity. It implies a deep feeling of sympathy that leads to practical help or forgiveness. It is frequently used in the context of God's benevolent actions towards His people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΛΕΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to feel pity' or 'to be moved by compassion'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G225

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lay-THEY-ah

Translations: truth, a truth, reality, veracity, faithfulness

Notes: This word refers to truth, not merely as an abstract concept, but often as a quality of being or action, indicating sincerity, reality, or faithfulness. It can be used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or reliable. For example, one might speak of 'the truth of God' or 'walking in truth'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From ἀληθής (alēthḗs, “true”), from ἀ- (a-, “un-”) + λήθη (lḗthē, “forgetfulness, oblivion”). Thus, literally 'un-forgetfulness' or 'that which is not hidden'.

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay

Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns.

G2118

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-THOO-tay-tee

Translations: (to) uprightness, (in) uprightness, (with) uprightness, (to) rectitude, (in) rectitude, (with) rectitude, (to) straightness, (in) straightness, (with) straightness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being straight, upright, or righteous. It denotes moral integrity, rectitude, and honesty. It is often used in a spiritual or ethical sense to describe a person's character or actions, indicating a path or state of moral correctness. It can be used in sentences to describe the manner in which something is done, such as 'in uprightness of heart'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-foo-LAX-ass

Translations: you guarded, you kept, you observed, you preserved

Notes: This word means to guard, keep, observe, or preserve. It is often used in the context of keeping laws, commandments, or promises, or guarding something valuable. It can also refer to protecting someone or something from harm. The form ἘΦΥΛΑΞΑΣ indicates an action that was completed in the past by a single person, specifically 'you'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kas

Translations: you gave, you have given

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. 'ἘΔΩΚΑΣ' specifically means 'you gave' or 'you have given', indicating an action completed in the past by a single person addressed directly. It is used to describe a past action of giving or bestowing something.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΣ, ΕΔΩΚΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, characteristic of many ancient verbs.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-lon

Translations: slave, a slave, servant, a servant

Notes: This word refers to a slave or a servant. In ancient contexts, a 'slave' was someone who was owned by another person and compelled to serve them, often without pay. A 'servant' could be a broader term, sometimes referring to someone who willingly serves another, often in a position of humility or devotion, such as a servant of God. It is often used to describe a person in a position of subservience or obedience.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: know, understand, perceive, be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense verb that functions with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that has resulted from a past act of perceiving or learning. It is often used to express a deep, intuitive, or experiential knowledge, as opposed to merely intellectual knowledge. It can be used with an accusative object, or with a clause introduced by 'ὅτι' (that) or an interrogative pronoun.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense verb with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing that comes from having seen or perceived.

G1841

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EX-oh-don

Translations: exit, an exit, departure, a departure, exodus, an exodus, way out, a way out

Notes: This word refers to a going out, a departure, or an exit. It can be used for a physical exit from a place, or metaphorically for a departure from life, such as death. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of) and 'ὁδός' (way, road).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΗΜΙΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΟΔΟΣ is a compound of the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the noun 'ὁδός' (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. It literally means 'a way out' or 'a going out'.

G1529

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ICE-oh-don

Translations: entrance, an entrance, entry, way in, access

Notes: This word refers to the act of entering or a place through which one enters. It is a compound word formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. It is used to describe a physical point of entry or a means of access.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΟΔΕΥΣΙΣ, ἘΠΙΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΟΔΟΣ is derived from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. It literally means 'a way into'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-los

Translations: servant, a servant, slave, a slave, bondservant, a bondservant

Notes: The word "δούλος" (doulos) refers to a servant, slave, or bondservant. In ancient Greek society, a δούλος was typically someone who was the property of another, lacking personal rights and serving their master. However, in a religious context, it can also denote a devoted servant of God, emphasizing willing submission and loyalty rather than forced servitude.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word "δούλος" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is thought to be related to the concept of being bound or enslaved.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-sees

Translations: you will give, you may give, you should give, that you give

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to give'. It can be either a future tense verb, meaning 'you will give', or an aorist subjunctive verb, which expresses a potential action or a command, often translated as 'you may give' or 'you should give'. It is used when referring to a single person performing the action of giving.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future Active Indicative or Aorist Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present tense form, which emphasizes the ongoing or repeated nature of the action in some contexts.

G1396

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOO-loh

Translations: to enslave, to make a slave, to bring into bondage, to subject, to reduce to servitude

Notes: This verb means to enslave, to bring someone or something into a state of servitude or bondage. It describes the act of making someone a slave or subjecting them to another's will. It can be used in both a literal sense of physical slavery and a figurative sense of being subject to a principle, sin, or another's authority.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative; or Dative Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Participle; or Dative Singular, Feminine, Participle

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ, ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΥΛΟΩ (douloō) is derived from the noun ΔΟΥΛΟΣ (doulos), meaning 'slave' or 'bondservant'. It signifies the act of making someone into a δούλος.

G1252

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-KREE-nayn

Translations: to distinguish, to judge, to discern, to decide, to separate, to dispute, to doubt

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. It generally means to make a distinction, to judge between things, or to discern. It can also imply making a decision after careful consideration, or even to dispute or doubt. It is used in contexts where one needs to differentiate between options or to make a judgment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΔΙΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'.

G4920

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ee-EIN

Translations: to understand, to comprehend, to perceive, to discern, to consider, to grasp

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'συνίημι' (syniēmi), meaning 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἵημι' (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to put'. Thus, it literally means 'to put together' or 'to bring together', leading to the sense of understanding or grasping concepts. It is used to describe the act of mentally processing information to gain insight or knowledge.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'συνίημι' (syniēmi) is derived from the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'ἵημι' (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to put'. The combination conveys the idea of putting things together mentally, leading to comprehension.

G0303

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix

Sounds like: ah-NAH

Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon

Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-gah-THOO

Translations: of good, of a good thing, of a good person

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ἈΓΑΘΟΣ', meaning 'good'. It describes something or someone that is inherently good, beneficial, or virtuous. It can refer to moral goodness, usefulness, or excellence. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of goodness, and its genitive case often implies possession or origin, hence 'of good'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΥ

G2556

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ka-KOO

Translations: (of) evil, (of) harm, (of) bad, (of) wickedness, (of) trouble, (of) misfortune

Notes: This word refers to something that is bad, evil, or harmful. As a noun, it can mean evil, harm, or trouble. As an adjective, it describes something as bad or wicked. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, often after the preposition 'ἀπὸ' (from), indicating 'from evil' or 'from harm'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kree-NEIN

Translations: to judge, to decide, to discern, to condemn, to evaluate

Notes: ΚΡΙΝΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ. It means 'to judge' or 'to decide', encompassing various nuances such as to discern, to evaluate, to distinguish, or even to condemn. It is used to express the action of making a judgment or decision, often in a legal or moral context, or to indicate the act of distinguishing between things.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *krey- (to sift, distinguish, separate).

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G4487

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RHE-ma

Translations: word, a word, saying, a saying, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, utterance, an utterance

Notes: This word refers to something spoken, an utterance, a saying, or a word. It can also refer to a matter or a thing that is spoken about or decided. It is often used in contexts referring to divine pronouncements or significant statements.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss (for the full word)

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the Koine Greek word ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos), meaning 'man,' 'human,' or 'person.' It is not a complete word in itself and would typically be seen as a misspelling or an intentional abbreviation in certain contexts, such as ancient manuscripts where space was limited. It refers to a human being, male or female, and can also refer to humanity in general.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular or Plural (truncated form)

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-TAY-soh

Translations: you asked, he asked, she asked, it asked, I may ask, I might ask

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'to ask' or 'to request'. It is typically used to describe someone making a request or asking for something. The specific form 'ἨΤΗΣΩ' can be either the 2nd or 3rd person singular Aorist Indicative Middle/Passive voice, meaning 'you asked' or 'he/she/it asked', or it can be the 1st person singular Aorist Subjunctive Active voice, meaning 'I may ask' or 'I might ask'. Its precise meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 2nd or 3rd Person Singular; or Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΆΩ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΤΈΩ is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to ask, beg, or demand'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-ah-koo-EH-in

Translations: to hear, to listen, to obey, to answer prayer

Notes: This word is a verb in the infinitive form, meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It often carries the nuance of hearing attentively, heeding, or obeying. In some contexts, particularly when referring to God, it can mean 'to answer prayer' or 'to grant a request'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΚΟΥΩ, ὙΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΑΚΟΥΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἈΚΟΥΩ (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. This combination suggests a directed or attentive hearing.

G2917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-mah

Translations: judgment, a judgment, condemnation, a condemnation, decision, a decision, sentence, a sentence, punishment, a punishment, justice, a justice

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or sentence, often with the implication of a legal or divine verdict. It can also refer to the act of judging or the outcome of a judgment, including condemnation or punishment. It is used in contexts ranging from legal proceedings to divine decrees.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, separate'. It refers to the result or outcome of judging.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-kah

Translations: I have made, I have done, I have produced, I have performed

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. The perfect tense indicates an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. Therefore, 'πεποίηκα' means 'I have made' or 'I have done', emphasizing the present state resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-kah

Translations: I have given, I gave

Notes: ΔΕΔΩΚΑ is the first person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, meaning 'to give'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It indicates that the act of giving has been completed, and its effects are still relevant.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of 'giving'. It is a reduplicated form, characteristic of the perfect tense in Greek.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nen

Translations: has become, has happened, has come to pass, was, came into being

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can mean 'has become,' 'has happened,' or 'has come into being,' often implying a state of existence or a new reality that has resulted from a past event.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to produce, to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and coming into existence.

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAY-seh-tai

Translations: will rise, will stand up, will be raised, will appear, will come into existence

Notes: This word is a future tense form of the verb 'ἀνίστημι'. It means 'he/she/it will rise' or 'he/she/it will stand up'. It can refer to rising from a seated or lying position, being raised from the dead, or a kingdom or person appearing or coming into existence.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, “up, again”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand, to set up”).

G3664

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOY-os

Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar

Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3598

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-DOH

Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail

Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4368

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-TAG-ma-ta

Translations: commandments, ordinances, decrees, statutes

Notes: This word refers to a command, ordinance, or decree, often one issued by an authority. It is a compound word derived from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. In its plural form, it typically refers to a set of rules or laws, such as divine commandments or legal statutes.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΑΙ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑΤΑ, ΝΟΜΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ is derived from the verb προστάσσω (prostassō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. This verb itself is formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'.

G4129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-THOO-noh

Translations: increase, multiply, abound, make abundant, be abundant

Notes: This verb means to increase, multiply, or make abundant. It can be used transitively, meaning to cause something to increase or multiply, or intransitively, meaning to become numerous or abundant oneself. It describes a growth in quantity, number, or degree.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ

Etymology: From πλῆθος (plēthos), meaning 'a great number, multitude'. The verb form indicates the action of increasing or multiplying.

G1843

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-oop-NIS-thay

Translations: was awakened, was roused from sleep, woke up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be awakened' or 'to be roused from sleep'. It is used to describe someone who has been woken up, either naturally or by an external stimulus. It is often used in narratives to indicate a character's transition from sleep to wakefulness.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐξυπνίζω (exypnizō) is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ὕπνος (hypnos), meaning 'sleep', combined with the verb suffix -ίζω (-izō) which forms verbs. Thus, it literally means 'to bring out of sleep'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Dee-ah-THEE-kees

Translations: (of) a covenant, (of) the covenant, (of) a testament, (of) the testament, (of) a will, (of) the will

Notes: This word refers to a solemn agreement or a binding compact, often between God and humans, or between two parties. It can also refer to a last will and testament, a legal document outlining a person's wishes for their possessions after death. Its meaning can shift depending on the context, often referring to a divine covenant in religious texts or a human will in legal contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ

G321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EE-gah-gen

Translations: he brought up, he led up, he took up, he offered up, she brought up, she led up, she took up, she offered up, it brought up, it led up, it took up, it offered up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná, meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb ἄγω (ágō, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). It means 'to bring up', 'to lead up', 'to take up', or 'to offer up'. It is often used in contexts of bringing someone or something to a higher place, or offering sacrifices. It can also refer to leading someone out of a place, such as out of Egypt.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΒΗ, ἘΞΑΓΩ

G3647

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-loh-kow-TOH-sace

Translations: burnt offerings

Notes: This word refers to offerings that are completely consumed by fire, typically as a sacrifice to God. It is a compound word, combining 'holos' (whole) and 'kaustos' (burnt), emphasizing the complete consumption of the offering. It is used in contexts describing religious rituals and sacrifices.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΑΥΤΩΜΑΤΑ, ΘΥΣΙΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΛΟΚΑΥΤΩΣΙΣ is derived from the Greek words ὅλος (holos), meaning 'whole' or 'complete', and καῦσις (kausis), meaning 'burning'. It describes a sacrifice that is entirely consumed by fire.

G1516

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-ray-nee-KAS

Translations: peaceful, peaceable, peace offering, peace offerings

Notes: This word describes something that is peaceful, peaceable, or conducive to peace. In a religious context, particularly when referring to sacrifices, it can mean 'peace offering'. It is an adjective that modifies a noun, indicating a quality of peace or reconciliation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕἸΡΗΝΟΠΟΙΟΣ, ΕἸΡΗΝΕΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΡΗΝΙΚΟΣ (eirēnikos) is derived from the Greek word ΕἸΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē), meaning 'peace'. It describes something pertaining to or characterized by peace.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-FTHAY-san

Translations: they appeared, they were seen, they became visible

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they appeared' or 'they were seen'. It describes something becoming visible or being perceived by sight. It is often used to indicate that someone or something showed themselves or became manifest.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root ὀράω (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. It is related to the Latin 'video' and English 'wit' or 'wise'.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood, they stood still, they set, they appointed, they established

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'histēmi'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point. It can mean 'they stood' or 'they stood still', indicating a state of being or a cessation of movement. It can also mean 'they set' or 'they appointed', referring to the act of placing something or establishing a rule or person in a position.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koh

Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay

Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G3950

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: par-EX

Translations: except, besides, apart from, other than, without

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'besides' or 'except'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and means 'apart from' or 'without', indicating exclusion or separation from something. It is used to specify what is excluded from a general statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside”) and ἔξω (éxō, “out, outside”). It literally means 'beside outside' or 'out from beside'.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1946

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-koy-MEE-thay

Translations: fell asleep, slept upon, lay upon

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to fall asleep upon' or 'to lie upon'. It describes the action of someone falling into a state of sleep while resting on or over something or someone. It is often used in contexts where someone dies, as 'falling asleep' was a common euphemism for death in ancient Greek.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΟΙΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'over') and the verb κοιμάομαι (koimaomai, meaning 'to sleep' or 'to lie down'). The root κοιμάομαι comes from the noun κοῖτος (koitos), meaning 'bed' or 'place of rest'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ES-tayn

Translations: I stood up, I arose, I rose, I was raised

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to stand up,' 'to arise,' or 'to rise.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is often used to describe physical rising from a seated or prone position, or a metaphorical rising, such as from the dead or from a state of inactivity.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνίστημι (anistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' Thus, it literally means 'to stand up' or 'to cause to stand up again.'

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

G2348

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teth-NEE-koss

Translations: dead, a dead one, having died, the one who died

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb 'to die'. It describes someone who is in a state of being dead, having died in the past. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'dead', or as a noun, meaning 'a dead person' or 'the one who has died'.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word θνῄσκω (thnēskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to die'.

G2657

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-NOH-eh-sah

Translations: I understood, I perceived, I considered, I observed, I noticed

Notes: This word means to understand fully, to perceive clearly, or to consider carefully. It implies a thorough and attentive observation or comprehension, going beyond a superficial glance to grasp the full meaning or details of something. It is used to describe the act of fixing one's mind upon something and comprehending it.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΝΟΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΝΟΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'through', and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'. The combination suggests a thorough or complete understanding.

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH-ee

Translations: no, not at all, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative adverb, meaning 'no' or 'not at all'. It is used to express a definite and emphatic denial, often in response to a question or to strongly contradict a statement. It is a more emphatic form of the negative particle οὐ (ou).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou), meaning 'not', and the enclitic particle -χι (-chi), which adds emphasis. It is a more emphatic form of the simple negative particle.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G2198

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ZOHN

Translations: living, alive, a living one, the living one

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It describes someone or something that is currently living or alive. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the living God'), or as a noun itself, referring to 'a living one' or 'the living one'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΣ, ΕΝΕΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ζάω' (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to life or living.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-AY-neng-kan

Translations: they brought, they offered, they presented

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb φέρω (pherō, meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'). In this form, it means 'they brought to', 'they offered', or 'they presented'. It is used to describe the action of bringing something to someone or something, often in the context of an offering or presentation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΙΣΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G3813

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEE-on

Translations: child, a child, infant, an infant, little child, a little child

Notes: This word refers to a young child or an infant. It is a diminutive form of the word 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child' or 'servant', emphasizing the smallness or tenderness of the child. It can be used generally to refer to any young person, often implying innocence or youth.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΒΡΕΦΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'παιδίον' (paidíon), a diminutive of 'παῖς' (paîs, “child, boy, servant”).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-teh

Translations: give, grant, allow, entrust, deliver

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give' or 'to grant'. It is used as a command or an exhortation, instructing someone or a group of people to perform the action of giving. It can also imply entrusting something to someone or delivering something.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΔΩΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃-, meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ta-RAKH-thay

Translations: he was troubled, she was troubled, it was troubled, he was disturbed, she was disturbed, it was disturbed, he was agitated, she was agitated, it was agitated

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō). It means 'to be troubled,' 'to be disturbed,' or 'to be agitated.' It describes a state of inner turmoil, fear, or confusion experienced by a person or thing. It is used to indicate that someone or something was caused to be in a state of disquiet or alarm.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

G3388

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEE-trah

Translations: womb, a womb, mother, a mother

Notes: This word refers primarily to the womb, the organ in which offspring are conceived and grow. By extension, it can also refer to a mother, as the one who possesses the womb. It is used in contexts relating to birth, conception, or the maternal origin.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Dative; Plural, Dative; Feminine

Etymology: The word ΜΗΤΡΑ (mētra) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *méh₂tēr, meaning 'mother'. It is related to words for mother in many Indo-European languages.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G2036

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-POO-see

Translations: having said, having spoken, saying, speaking, a woman who said, a woman who spoke

Notes: This word is a feminine, singular, genitive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a female subject who has performed the action of speaking or saying something. It is often used to introduce a statement made by a woman, functioning similarly to 'of the one who said' or 'of her who spoke'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΗΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΗΣ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KREE-nen

Translations: he judged, he decided, he determined, he condemned, he ruled

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to judge,' 'to decide,' 'to determine,' 'to condemn,' or 'to rule.' It describes an action of making a judgment or decision, often with authority or finality. It is used to indicate that someone has made a definitive choice or rendered a verdict.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to separate, put asunder.'

G5399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-fo-BEE-thay-san

Translations: they feared, they were afraid

Notes: This word means 'they feared' or 'they were afraid'. It describes an action of experiencing fear or being struck with terror, performed by a group of people in the past. It is often used to describe a strong emotional reaction to something awe-inspiring or dangerous.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΔΩ, ΤΡΕΜΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek φόβος (phobos, “fear”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰegʷ- (“to flee”).

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G5428

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: froh-NEE-sis

Translations: prudence, a prudence, wisdom, understanding, insight, a sound mind

Notes: This word refers to practical wisdom, prudence, or understanding. It denotes the ability to make sound judgments and act wisely in practical matters, often implying a thoughtful and discerning mind. It can also refer to a way of thinking or a mindset.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think, to be minded', which is derived from φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind, intellect'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G1345