2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0712

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-RIS-tos

Translations: best, excellent, most excellent, noble, a best, an excellent

Notes: This word is a superlative adjective meaning 'best' or 'most excellent'. It describes something or someone of the highest quality, virtue, or ability. It can refer to moral excellence, superior skill, or the highest degree of a quality. It is often used to commend or praise.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the root of ARETE (G703), meaning 'virtue' or 'excellence'. It signifies the highest degree of quality or goodness.

G2940

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koo-ber-NAY-tays

Translations: pilot, a pilot, steersman, a steersman, master, a master, captain, a captain, governor, a governor

Notes: This word refers to someone who steers or pilots a ship, a master of a vessel. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who governs, directs, or guides, much like a pilot guides a ship. It is used in the context of maritime activities but also in a broader sense of leadership or management.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΝΑΥΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΠΛΟΙΑΡΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κυβερνάω (kybernaō), meaning 'to steer, to guide, to govern'. This verb is related to the Latin 'gubernare', which is the root of English words like 'govern' and 'government'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-giss-MOS

Translations: thought, a thought, reasoning, a reasoning, calculation, a calculation, consideration, a consideration, purpose, a purpose, device, a device

Notes: This word refers to a thought, reasoning, or calculation. It can denote the act of thinking or the result of that thought, such as a plan or purpose. It is often used in contexts involving mental processes, deliberations, or the formation of intentions, whether good or bad.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: This word is derived from the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, compute, consider'. It ultimately traces back to λόγος (logos), meaning 'word, reason'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3958, G3804

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pa-THOHN

Translations: suffering, having suffered, passions, affections, emotions, experiences, calamities, misfortunes

Notes: This word can function as a participle derived from the verb 'to suffer' (πάσχω), meaning 'having suffered' or 'suffering'. It can also be the genitive plural form of the noun 'πάθος' (pathos), referring to passions, emotions, or experiences, often with a negative connotation like sufferings or calamities. In context, it describes either someone who has undergone an experience or the experiences themselves.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle (Masculine Nominative Singular, Neuter Nominative/Accusative Singular) of ΠΑΣΧΩ; or Genitive Plural (Masculine or Neuter) of ΠΑΘΟΣ

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΑ, ΣΥΜΦΟΡΑΙ, ΠΕΙΡΑΙ

Etymology: The verb πάσχω (paschō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to suffer' or 'to feel'. The noun πάθος (pathos) is derived from this verb, referring to that which is suffered or experienced.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tahee-KEE-zoh-meh-noss

Translations: being maltreated, being abused, being tormented, being afflicted

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being maltreated' or 'being abused'. It describes someone or something that is currently undergoing severe ill-treatment, torment, or affliction. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun (e.g., 'the maltreated man'), or adverbially, indicating the circumstances under which an action occurs (e.g., 'while being abused, he spoke').

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G2690

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tahn-TLOO-meh-nos

Translations: overwhelmed, being overwhelmed, deluged, being deluged, exhausted, being exhausted

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being overwhelmed' or 'being deluged'. It describes someone or something being completely submerged or overcome, often by a flood or an abundance of something, like troubles or accusations. It implies a state of being completely inundated or exhausted by an external force.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΛΥΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΟΝΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΝΤΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΑΝΤΛΕΩ (antleo), meaning 'to draw water' or 'to pump out'. Thus, it literally means 'to pump down' or 'to draw out completely', leading to the sense of exhausting or overwhelming.

G0931

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-SAH-nohn

Translations: of torment, of torture, of trial, of examination, of the touchstone

Notes: This word refers to a test or examination, often implying a severe one, like a touchstone used to test metals. It can also refer to the pain or suffering that results from such a test, thus meaning torment or torture. In a broader sense, it can denote a trial or tribulation. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΩΝ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΩΝ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ (basanos) originally referred to a Lydian stone used to test the purity of gold and silver. From this literal meaning, it developed the figurative sense of a test, examination, or severe trial, and subsequently, the suffering or torment associated with such a trial.

G5158

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tree-koo-MEE-ais

Translations: to storms, by storms, with storms, to tempests, by tempests, with tempests, to billows, by billows, with billows

Notes: This word refers to a great wave, a heavy sea, or a tempest. It is a compound word formed from 'τρίς' (tris), meaning 'thrice' or 'three times', and 'κῦμα' (kyma), meaning 'wave'. It is used to describe a violent storm or a tumultuous situation, often metaphorically for troubles or afflictions. It can be used in sentences to describe being overwhelmed by difficulties, much like a ship is overwhelmed by a storm.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΕΛΛΑ, ΚΛΥΔΩΝ, ΧΕΙΜΩΝ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G5158

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TRO-poh

Translations: way, manner, custom, mode, style, a way, a manner

Notes: This word refers to a way, manner, or custom of doing something. It describes the method or style by which an action is performed or a state exists. It can be used to indicate 'how' something is done, often appearing in phrases like 'in this manner' or 'in the same way'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΜΕΘΟΔΟΣ, ΕΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb τρέπω (trepo), meaning 'to turn' or 'to change'. The noun refers to a 'turning' or 'direction', which evolved into the meaning of 'way' or 'manner'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ET-rep-se

Translations: he turned, she turned, it turned, he turned away, she turned away, it turned away, he put to flight, she put to flight, it put to flight

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΤΡΕΠΩ' (trepo). It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point. It means 'to turn' or 'to turn away,' often implying a change of direction, position, or even mind. It can also mean 'to put to flight' or 'to rout' in a military context, indicating causing an enemy to turn and flee.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΚΛΙΝΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0027

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-tha-NAH-too

Translations: of immortal, of an immortal, of undying, of deathless

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'immortal' or 'undying'. It describes something that is not subject to death or decay. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. For example, 'the hope of immortal life' or 'the glory of the undying God'. It is a compound word formed from 'α' (alpha privative, meaning 'not') and 'θνητός' (thnetos, meaning 'mortal').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΦΘΑΡΤΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝΙΟΣ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G4164

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: poy-KEE-loys

Translations: (to) various, (to) manifold, (to) diverse, (to) many-colored, (to) variegated

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'various,' 'manifold,' 'diverse,' or 'many-colored.' It describes something that has many different kinds, forms, or qualities. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a multiplicity or variety of the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΔΙΑΦΟΡΟΣ, ΠΑΝΤΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ποικίλος' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to paint' or 'to decorate'.

G0472

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-TES-khe

Translations: he held fast, he held out, he resisted, he endured, he clung to, he devoted himself to

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀντέχω (antechō). It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that 'he' or 'she' held fast, resisted, or endured. It implies a steadfastness or persistence against something, or a devotion to something. For example, it could be used to say 'he held fast to the truth' or 'he resisted the enemy'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀντέχω (antechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to hold against' or 'to hold opposite'.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G4131

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poh-lee-or-koo-MEH-nee

Translations: besieged, under siege, a besieged (city)

Notes: This word is a participle describing something that is being besieged or surrounded by an army. It is used to indicate a state of being under attack or siege, often referring to a city or stronghold.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word πολιορκέω (poliorcheō) is a compound word formed from πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure'. It literally means 'to fence in a city' or 'to besiege a city'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3811

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pan-AH-gee-os

Translations: all-holy, most holy

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning 'all-holy' or 'most holy'. It is formed from 'πᾶν' (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every', and 'ἅγιος' (hagios), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe something or someone that is completely holy, often referring to God or highly sacred entities.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek prefix 'πᾶν' (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every', and the adjective 'ἅγιος' (hagios), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. It literally means 'all-holy'.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word functions as a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, pointing to something or someone distant in space or time, or referring to a person or thing previously mentioned in discourse. It emphasizes distinction from something nearer or more immediate. It can be translated as 'that' when used as an adjective, or 'that one', 'he', 'she', 'it', 'they', or 'those' when used as a pronoun, depending on context and gender/number.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: From a combination of the demonstrative particle 'eke' (indicating distance) and the pronominal ending '-inos'. It points to something 'over there' or 'that one yonder'.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G4761

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: STREB-lais

Translations: perverse, crooked, twisted, distorted

Notes: This word describes something that is twisted, crooked, or distorted, often in a moral or ethical sense, implying perversity or stubbornness. It can refer to physical deformity or, more commonly, to a moral or intellectual deviation from what is right or straightforward. It is used to characterize individuals or their actions as morally corrupt or stubbornly resistant to truth.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ, ΣΚΟΛΙΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G3528

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEE-kay-sen

Translations: he conquered, she conquered, it conquered, he won, she won, it won, he prevailed, she prevailed, it prevailed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to conquer,' 'to overcome,' 'to prevail,' or 'to win.' In this form, it describes an action that was completed in the past by a single subject (he, she, or it). It indicates a decisive victory or successful overcoming of an obstacle.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΝΙΚΑΩ (nikaō) comes from the noun ΝΙΚΗ (nikē), meaning 'victory.' It is related to the concept of achieving triumph or success.

G4136

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: poh-lee-or-KOON-tas

Translations: besieging, those besieging, blockading, those blockading

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'besieging' or 'blockading'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of besieging a city or a place. It is used to indicate the ongoing action of surrounding and attacking a fortified position with the aim of capturing it.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΠΕΡΙΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek words πόλις (polis), meaning 'city', and ἕρκος (herkos), meaning 'fence' or 'enclosure'. It literally means 'to fence around a city'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-per-AS-pee-ZON-tah

Translations: defending, protecting, shielding, guarding

Notes: This word is a present active participle, accusative plural, of the verb 'hyperaspizo'. It means 'defending' or 'protecting' and describes those who are performing the action of defense or protection. It is a compound word formed from 'hyper' (over, above, for) and 'aspizo' (to shield, to defend). It is used to describe individuals or groups who are actively providing defense or protection for someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΜΥΝΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-giss-MOH

Translations: of reasoning, of thought, of calculation, of purpose, of consideration, to reasoning, to thought, to calculation, to purpose, to consideration, reasoning, thought, calculation, purpose, consideration, a reasoning, a thought, a calculation, a purpose, a consideration

Notes: This word refers to a process of reasoning, thinking, or calculating. It can denote a thought, a purpose, a plan, or a conclusion reached through deliberation. It is often used in the context of inner thoughts, intentions, or the outcome of mental processes, whether good or bad. It can also refer to a specific calculation or a logical deduction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ (logismos) derives from the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, calculate, consider,' which in turn comes from λόγος (logos), meaning 'word, reason, account.' It describes the result or act of reasoning.

G4246

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pro-KREEM-no

Translations: precipitous, steep, dangerous, a precipice, a steep place

Notes: This word describes something that is steep, precipitous, or dangerous, like a cliff or a sheer drop. It is often used to describe places that are difficult or perilous to navigate due to their sharp incline. It can also metaphorically refer to a dangerous or perilous situation. The word is a compound of 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'κρημνός' (kremnos), meaning 'a cliff' or 'precipice'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΟΜΟΣ, ΚΡΗΜΝΩΔΗΣ, ΒΑΘΥΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'κρημνός' (kremnos), meaning 'a cliff' or 'precipice'. It literally means 'before a cliff' or 'facing a precipice', hence 'precipitous'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G1648

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: eh-leh-AH-zar

Translations: Eleazar

Notes: Eleazar is a Hebrew proper name meaning 'God has helped' or 'God is my helper'. It refers to several individuals in the Old Testament, most notably the third son of Aaron, who succeeded his father as High Priest of Israel. The apostrophe at the end (keraia) indicates that this is a numerical value, specifically 1401, or it could be a coronis indicating an elision, though less likely for a proper noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Etymology: The name Eleazar is of Hebrew origin, derived from the elements 'el' (God) and 'azar' (to help). It is a common name in the Old Testament, reflecting a theological meaning.

G1614

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-TAY-nas

Translations: stretched out, having stretched out, he stretched out, you stretched out

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ekteinō', meaning 'to stretch out' or 'to extend'. It describes an action of reaching or extending something, often a hand or arm, or even a concept like a line or boundary. It can be used in various contexts where an outward movement or extension is implied.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person Singular; or Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΝΩ, ΕΚΤΕΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ek' (out of, from) and the verb 'teinō' (to stretch, extend). It literally means 'to stretch out from'.

G1982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-MAI-noh-men-oos

Translations: raging against, being enraged at, being furious with, attacking furiously

Notes: This word describes someone who is acting with intense anger, rage, or fury towards another person or thing. It implies a violent or aggressive outburst of emotion, often leading to an attack or strong opposition. It is a compound word formed from 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, against) and 'ΜΑΙΝΟΜΑΙ' (to rage, to be mad).

Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΘΥΜΟΟΜΑΙ, ΛΥΣΣΑΩ

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G2406

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roh-SOO-nays

Translations: of priesthood, of the priesthood, of a priesthood, of priestly office, of the priestly office, of a priestly office

Notes: This word refers to the office, dignity, or function of a priest, or the entire body of priests. It describes the state or condition of being a priest, or the sacred duties associated with that role. It is used to speak about the institution of the priesthood or a specific priestly office.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΑΤΕΙΑ, ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἱερός (hieros), meaning 'sacred' or 'holy', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns indicating a state or condition. Thus, it literally means 'the state of being sacred' or 'the state of being a priest'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROOS

Translations: holy, sacred, consecrated, a holy thing, sacred things

Notes: This word describes something as holy, sacred, or consecrated. It is often used to refer to places, objects, or persons dedicated to a deity or religious purpose. It can also refer to things that are set apart or revered. In the provided examples, it modifies 'gates' (πυλωνας), 'oaths' (ορκους), and 'teeth' (οδοντας), indicating that these are considered sacred or holy.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΘΕΙΟΣ

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kho-RAY-sas-an

Translations: having contained, having held, having made room, having gone, having advanced, having received, having accepted, having contained, having been able to hold

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'χωρέω', which means to make room, to go, to advance, to contain, to hold, or to receive. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun. It can describe something that has contained or held something, or something that has advanced or made progress.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΕΡΙΕΧΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G2840

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koy-NO-sas

Translations: you shared, you made common, you defiled, you profaned

Notes: This word is the second person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κοινόω' (koinoō). In its active voice, it means 'to make common,' 'to share,' or 'to impart.' However, it can also carry the negative connotation of 'to defile' or 'to profane,' especially in a ritual or religious context, meaning to make something sacred common or unclean. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΙΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: From κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common.' The verb κοινόω means to make something common or to share it. Over time, especially in religious contexts, 'making common' something sacred came to mean 'defiling' or 'profaning' it.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-ah-roh-fah-GEE-ah

Translations: eating of defiled things, eating of unclean things, defiled food, unclean food

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from 'μιαρός' (miaros), meaning 'defiled' or 'unclean', and 'φαγία' (phagia), meaning 'eating' or 'food'. It refers to the act of consuming food that is considered ritually impure, defiled, or unclean, often in a religious or moral context. It can also refer to the defiled food itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΔΕΛΥΓΜΑ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek words ΜΙΑΡΟΣ (miaros), meaning 'defiled' or 'polluted', and ΦΑΓΙΑ (phagia), meaning 'eating' or 'food'. The root ΜΙΑΡΟΣ is related to the verb ΜΙΑΙΝΩ (miaino), 'to stain, defile'. The root ΦΑΓΙΑ comes from the verb ΦΑΓΕΙΝ (phagein), 'to eat'.

G4858

Part of Speech: Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: sym-PHOH-neh

Translations: harmonious, agreeing, in agreement, in accord, agreeing, agree, be in harmony

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'harmonious' or 'agreeing'. It can also be an imperative form of the verb 'συμφωνέω' (symphōneō), meaning 'agree' or 'be in harmony'. As an adjective, it describes something or someone that is in agreement or accord with something else. As a verb, it commands someone to agree or be in harmony.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine (as adjective); or Second Person Singular, Present Active, Imperative (as verb)

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΟΣ, ΟΜΟΦΡΩΝ, ΟΜΟΝΟΟΣ

G0979

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-oo

Translations: of life, of livelihood, of means of living, a life

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΒΙΟΣ' (bios), which refers to life, especially in the sense of one's earthly existence, way of life, or means of living. It can also refer to one's livelihood or possessions. As a genitive form, 'ΒΙΟΥ' often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of life' or 'of livelihood' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃-wo-s, meaning 'living'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tooss

Translations: such, such a kind, such as these, such people

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to persons or things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context. It describes the quality or nature of something, indicating that it is of the type or character just described or understood.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the correlative particle 'τοῖος' (such).

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G1216

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: day-mee-oor-GOON-tahs

Translations: creating, making, forming, producing, fashioning

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'creating' or 'making'. It describes someone who is in the process of bringing something into existence, often with skill or craftsmanship. It can refer to a craftsman, an artisan, or even a divine creator. In a sentence, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the action of the subject.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΚΤΙΖΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-oh

Translations: (to) one's own, (to) private, (to) peculiar, (to) personal

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' 'peculiar,' or 'personal.' It is used to describe something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular individual or group, distinguishing it from what is common or public. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

G1081

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: gen-NAI-oh

Translations: nobly, bravely, courageously, generously, gallantly

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'ΓΕΝΝΑΙΟΣ' (gennaios), meaning 'noble' or 'well-born'. As an adverb, it describes an action performed in a noble, brave, or courageous manner. It indicates that something is done with valor, integrity, or a generous spirit. For example, one might 'speak nobly' or 'act courageously'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΕΙΩΣ, ΕΥΓΕΝΩΣ, ΘΑΡΣΑΛΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΓΕΝΝΑΙΟΣ' (gennaios), from which 'ΓΕΝΝΑΙΩ' is derived, comes from 'ΓΕΝΝΑ' (genna), meaning 'birth' or 'descent'. It originally referred to someone of noble birth or good stock, and later evolved to describe qualities associated with such lineage, like nobility, courage, and generosity.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PA-the-sin

Translations: (to) sufferings, (to) passions, (to) emotions, (to) feelings

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'πάθος' (pathos). It refers to experiences, especially those involving strong emotions, suffering, or passions. It can denote physical suffering, emotional distress, or strong desires and affections. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or object of an action related to these experiences, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΓΗΜΑΣΙΝ, ΚΑΚΟΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΙΣ

G5228

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-per-AS-pee-zon-tas

Translations: defending, protecting, championing, guarding

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'defending' or 'protecting'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of defending or championing something or someone. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'for', and 'ἀσπίζω' (aspizō), meaning 'to shield' or 'to defend'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΜΥΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΕΥΟΝΤΑΣ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the Koine Greek preposition ΠΕΡΙ. It is used to express various relationships, primarily 'about' or 'concerning' when followed by a genitive case, indicating the subject or topic of discussion. When followed by an accusative case, it can mean 'around' (referring to place) or 'concerning' (referring to time). It can also mean 'on behalf of' or 'for' when used with the genitive.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (to go through, to pass over).

G2117

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-no-MEE-an

Translations: good order, good government, good law, a good law, good discipline

Notes: This word refers to the state of being well-governed or having good laws. It implies a condition of order, discipline, and proper administration within a society or community. It is often used in contexts describing a well-regulated state or a society living under just and effective laws. The word is a compound of 'ΕΥ' (good, well) and 'ΝΟΜΟΣ' (law, custom).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΤΑΞΙΑ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-sah

Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty

Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.

G2964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koo-ROH-sas

Translations: you confirmed, you ratified, you established, you made valid

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to confirm, ratify, or establish. It implies making something firm, valid, or legally binding. It is used to describe an action where a person or entity gives authority or finality to an agreement, promise, or law.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: BEBAIOO, STEREOS

Etymology: The word κυρόω (kyroō) comes from κύρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority, validity'. It signifies the act of giving power or authority to something.

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LOO-sas

Translations: you destroyed, you overthrew, you pulled down, you abolished, you dissolved, you lodged, you stayed

Notes: This verb means to destroy, overthrow, pull down, abolish, or dissolve. It can also mean to lodge or stay, particularly in the sense of taking down one's tent or breaking camp. It is used to describe the act of bringing something to an end or causing its ruin, or, in a different context, finding a place to rest or reside.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pis-toh-poy-EE-sas

Translations: having made a letter, having written a letter, having sent a letter

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ' (epistole), meaning 'letter' or 'message', and 'ΠΟΙΕΩ' (poieo), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. Therefore, it literally means 'to make a letter' or 'to write a letter'. In context, it often implies the act of sending or dispatching a letter. The form 'ΕΠΙΣΤΟΠΟΙΗΣΑΣ' is an aorist active participle, indicating an action completed in the past by the subject, often translated as 'having made/written/sent a letter'. This word is not commonly found in standard Koine Greek lexicons and may be a rare or unique formation, possibly a hapax legomenon or a neologism.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΨΑΣ, ΠΕΜΨΑΣ

G2304

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: THEY-ahs

Translations: of divine, of a divine, of the divine

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'divine' or 'godlike'. It is used to describe something that pertains to God or a god, or that possesses qualities associated with divinity. It can refer to divine power, nature, or origin. In this form, it is used to modify a feminine singular noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΘΕΟΦΙΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΙΟΣ (theios) comes from ΘΕΟΣ (theos), meaning 'God'. It refers to that which belongs to or is characteristic of God.

G5385

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-soh-FEE-ahs

Translations: of philosophy, of a philosophy

Notes: This word refers to philosophy, the love of wisdom, or a system of philosophical thought. It is used to describe the pursuit of knowledge and understanding, often in a broad sense. In ancient contexts, it could encompass various fields of study, including ethics, logic, and physics.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΓΝΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΙΑ (philosophia) is a compound word derived from ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΣΟΦΙΑ (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. Thus, it literally means 'love of wisdom'.

G0973

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bee-ah-YOH-teh-reh

Translations: more violent, more forceful, more powerful, more impetuous

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'more violent' or 'more forceful'. It describes something that possesses a greater degree of violence, force, or intensity compared to something else. It is used to emphasize a heightened state of power or aggression.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΥΤΕΡΟΣ, ΣΦΟΔΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΙΑΙΟΣ (biaios) comes from βία (bia), meaning 'force' or 'violence'. The suffix -ότερος (-oteros) indicates the comparative degree.

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-ros

Translations: of fire, fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G2158

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-toh-NOH-teh-reh

Translations: more intense, more vigorous, more energetic, more vehement

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'more intense' or 'more vigorous'. It describes something that possesses a quality to a greater degree than something else. It is used to compare two things, indicating that one has a stronger or more forceful characteristic.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine, Comparative

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΩΤΕΡΟΣ, ΣΦΟΔΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΤΟΝΟΣ (eutonos) comes from the prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΤΟΝΟΣ (tonos), meaning 'stretch', 'tension', or 'tone'. Thus, it literally means 'well-stretched' or 'well-toned', leading to the sense of being strong, vigorous, or intense.

G4245

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PRES-boo

Translations: old, elder, an elder, an old man, an ambassador

Notes: This word refers to someone who is old or advanced in age. It can also be used as a noun to mean 'an elder' or 'an old man'. In some contexts, it can refer to an ambassador or a representative, implying someone of seniority or importance. It is the root from which words like 'presbyter' (elder) are derived.

Inflection: Nominative or Vocative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine (as a stem for other forms)

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to 'πρό' (pro, 'before') and 'βαίνω' (bainō, 'to go'), suggesting one who has 'gone before' or is 'ahead' in age or rank. It is the basis for words related to age, seniority, and representation.

G4245

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pres-BYOO-tah

Translations: elder, old man, ambassador, envoy, older, aged

Notes: This word refers to an older person, an elder, or someone who is aged. It can also denote an ambassador or envoy, someone sent on a mission, often implying a person of experience or authority. In the provided examples, it is used in the vocative case to address an elder or old man, and in the nominative plural to refer to 'ambassadors' or 'envoys'.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to PIE *pres- (forward, before), suggesting one who goes before or is older.

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THOH

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure, to feel

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' or 'to undergo.' It can refer to experiencing either good or bad things, though it often implies suffering or hardship. It is used to describe what someone endures or feels. For example, one might 'suffer' an illness or 'experience' a particular emotion.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΑΝΕΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ΠΑΣΧΩ (paschō) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to suffer' or 'to endure.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar meanings of experiencing or undergoing something.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-teh

Translations: greatest, mightiest, biggest, O greatest, O mightiest, O biggest

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΜΕΓΑΣ' (megas), meaning 'great' or 'large'. As a superlative, it means 'greatest', 'mightiest', or 'biggest'. It is used to describe something or someone as being supreme in size, power, or importance. In the provided context, it is used in the vocative case to address someone as 'O greatest' or 'O mightiest'.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΜΕΓΕΘΗΣ, ΠΑΝΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΓΑΣ (megas) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'great' or 'large'.

G0002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AH-a-rohn

Translations: Aaron

Notes: This is the name of Aaron, the elder brother of Moses and the first high priest of Israel. He is a significant figure in the Old Testament, known for his role in the Exodus and the establishment of the Levitical priesthood. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this individual.

Inflection: Singular, Indeclinable

Etymology: The name Aaron is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Aharon (אַהֲרֹן). Its precise etymology is debated, but it is often associated with meanings like 'mountain of strength' or 'enlightened'.

G2368

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-mee-ah-TEE-ree-oh

Translations: (to) censer, (to) altar of incense

Notes: This word refers to a censer, which is a vessel used for burning incense, or the altar of incense itself, particularly in a religious context. It is used to describe the object with which incense is offered. In the provided context, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to/with the censer' or 'to/with the altar of incense'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΙΒΑΝΩΤΟΣ, ΘΥΜΙΑΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΘΥΜΙΑΤΗΡΙΟΝ (thymiaterion) comes from the verb θυμιάω (thymiaō), meaning 'to burn incense', which in turn derives from θύω (thyō), meaning 'to offer by burning, sacrifice'. The suffix -τήριον (-tērion) indicates a place or instrument for an action.

G2528

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-thoh-PLIS-meh-nos

Translations: armed, fully armed, equipped, well-armed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been fully armed' or 'being fully armed'. It describes someone who is completely equipped for battle or a task. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down, completely') and ὁπλίζω (hoplizō, 'to arm'). It implies a thorough and complete state of readiness or defense.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΩΠΛΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΞΩΠΛΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb καθοπλίζω (kathoplizō) is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and the verb ὁπλίζω (hoplizō), meaning 'to arm' or 'to equip with weapons'. The prefix κατά intensifies the meaning of the verb, indicating a thorough or complete arming.

G1749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: em-py-ris-MON

Translations: burning, a burning, conflagration, destruction by fire

Notes: This word refers to the act or result of burning, a conflagration, or destruction caused by fire. It describes a state of being consumed by fire or the event of a fire itself. It is often used in contexts describing judgment or destruction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΥΣΙΣ, ΠΥΡΚΑΪΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the verb ἐμπυρίζω (empurizō), meaning 'to set on fire' or 'to burn up', which itself comes from ἐν (en, 'in') and πῦρ (pur, 'fire').

G3528

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEE-kay-seh

Translations: he conquered, she conquered, it conquered, he won, she won, it won, he prevailed, she prevailed, it prevailed

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'νικάω' (nikaō), meaning 'to conquer,' 'to overcome,' 'to prevail,' or 'to win.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' achieved victory or overcame an obstacle. It is used to express a definitive triumph.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΝΙΚΑΩ

G0002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-a-ROH-nee-dees

Translations: descendant of Aaron, son of Aaron, an Aaronic priest

Notes: This is a proper noun, a compound word formed from 'Aaron' and the patronymic suffix '-ides'. It refers to a male descendant of Aaron, the brother of Moses and the first High Priest of Israel. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to a priest from the Aaronic lineage. It is used to denote someone belonging to the priestly family.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from the Hebrew name 'Aaron' (ΑΑΡΩΝ in Greek) combined with the Greek patronymic suffix '-ίδης' (-ides), meaning 'son of' or 'descendant of'.

G5240

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-per-tee-KO-meh-nos

Translations: melted down, wasted away, consumed, overcome

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been melted down' or 'having been wasted away'. It describes a state of being completely consumed or overcome, often by a powerful force like fire or intense emotion. It implies a thorough and complete transformation or destruction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΤΗΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΗΚΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ὑπέρ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'beyond', and the verb τήκω (tēkō), meaning 'to melt' or 'to waste away'. The compound verb ὑπερτήκω thus means 'to melt down completely' or 'to waste away excessively'.

G2543

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.

G1094

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-ROHN

Translations: old man, an old man, elder

Notes: This word refers to an old man or an elder. It is used to describe someone who is advanced in age, often implying wisdom or respect due to their years. It can be used in a general sense for any elderly male, or specifically for an elder in a community or religious context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΗΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵerh₂- meaning 'to grow old'. It is related to the Greek word γῆρας (gēras), meaning 'old age'.

G3089

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: leh-LY-meh-nohn

Translations: (of) having been loosed, (of) having been released, (of) having been untied, (of) having been destroyed, (of) having been dissolved

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect passive participle of the verb ΛΥΩ (lyō), meaning 'to loose, release, untie, destroy, or dissolve'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun. In this form, it refers to multiple entities that have undergone the action of being loosed, released, or destroyed. For example, it could refer to 'those who have been loosed' or 'of things that have been destroyed'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has already occurred. It emphasizes the immediacy or completion of an action or state. It can be used to mean 'already' in the sense of something having taken place before the expected time, or 'now' in the sense of 'at this very moment'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΡΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-d- (meaning 'already, now'). It is related to words meaning 'at that time' or 'then'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: TOH-non

Translations: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled.

Notes: This word does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word. It is highly likely a misspelling or a garbled form of another word. Without further context or correction, its meaning cannot be determined. It might be a corruption of a word related to 'tone' or 'tension' (from 'τόνος'), or perhaps a miswriting of a genitive plural participle like 'ταπεινῶν' (of the humble/lowly) or 'τεκτόνων' (of carpenters/builders), given the examples provided. However, as it stands, 'ΤΟΝΩΝ' is not a recognized form.

Inflection: Unknown, likely a misspelling.

G4036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-keh-kha-LAS-meh-nohn

Translations: relaxed, loosened, weakened, worn out, exhausted

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'excessively', and χαλάω (chalao), meaning 'to loosen' or 'let down'. In its perfect passive form, it describes something that has been thoroughly or excessively loosened, relaxed, or weakened. It implies a state of being worn out or exhausted, often in a physical sense, where the body's strength or tension has given way.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΥΩ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G4561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sar-KO

Translations: of flesh, of the flesh, of the body, of the human nature, to flesh, to the flesh, to the body, to the human nature

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the noun 'σάρξ' (sarx), meaning 'flesh' or 'body'. It refers to the physical substance of living beings, including humans and animals, and can also denote human nature or the physical aspect of a person, often in contrast to the spirit. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to physical flesh or body parts.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΧΡΩΣ

G2577

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kek-mee-KO-ton

Translations: of those who have grown weary, of those who have toiled, of those who are sick, of those who are ill

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having grown weary' or 'having become ill'. It describes a state of exhaustion or sickness that has been reached. It is used to refer to people or things that are in this state, often in a genitive construction to indicate possession or relation.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΟΠΙΑΚΟΤΩΝ, ΗΣΘΕΝΗΚΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΜΝΩ (kamnō) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to labor' or 'to toil', which evolved to include the sense of becoming weary or sick from labor.

G3586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NEV-rone

Translations: sinew, tendon, nerve, a sinew, a tendon, a nerve

Notes: This word refers to a sinew, tendon, or nerve. It describes the fibrous tissues that connect muscles to bones or transmit impulses in the body. It can be used in a medical or anatomical context to refer to these specific parts of the body.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΝΩΝ, ΙΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)neh₁u- ('sinew, tendon'). It is related to words in other Indo-European languages referring to sinews or threads.

G0365

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-NEH-ah-sen

Translations: he renewed, he restored, he made new again

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀνανεόω (ananeoo). It means 'to renew,' 'to restore,' or 'to make new again.' It describes an action completed in the past, where someone or something was brought back to a fresh or original state. It implies a process of revitalization or making something fresh once more.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΟΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀνανεόω (ananeoo) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'again' or 'up,' and the verb νεόω (neoo), meaning 'to make new.' The root of νεόω is νέος (neos), meaning 'new.' Thus, the word literally means 'to make new again.'

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: PNEE

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word fragment "ΠΝΙ" is not a complete word in Koine Greek. It appears to be a truncation or a misspelling. Based on the provided examples, it likely relates to verbs derived from the root "πνέω" (to breathe, blow) or "πνίγω" (to choke, drown). For instance, "ἀποπνίγω" means to choke or drown, and "πνεῦμα" means spirit or breath. Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and function are unclear. It could also potentially be an abbreviation or a part of a compound word.

Inflection: Unknown

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-giss-MOO

Translations: of thought, of reasoning, of calculation, of consideration, of a thought, of a reasoning, of a calculation, of a consideration

Notes: This word refers to a thought, a reasoning process, a calculation, or a consideration. It describes the act or result of thinking, often implying a deliberate or logical process. It can be used to refer to the inner workings of the mind, such as plans, intentions, or reflections.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ, ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΕΝΝΟΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ (logismos) is derived from the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, calculate, consider'. This verb, in turn, comes from λόγος (logos), which means 'word, reason, account'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-giss-MOH

Translations: (to) thought, (to) reasoning, (to) calculation, (to) consideration, (to) a thought, (to) a reasoning

Notes: This word refers to a thought, reasoning, or calculation. It describes the act or result of thinking, considering, or deliberating. It can be used to refer to a specific thought or to the faculty of reason itself. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done or the object to which an action is directed, often translated with 'by' or 'to'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ

G4183, G2776

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-ly-KEH-fa-lon

Translations: many-headed, a many-headed

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'many-headed'. It describes something that has multiple heads, often used metaphorically to describe something complex, multifaceted, or having many origins or aspects, like a hydra or a problem with many facets. It is used here in the accusative singular neuter form.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'many, much', and 'κεφαλή' (kephalē), meaning 'head'.

G4761

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STREH-blah

Translations: torture, a torture, rack, instrument of torture, perversion, distortion

Notes: This word refers to an instrument of torture, such as a rack, or the act of torturing itself. It can also metaphorically describe a perversion or distortion of truth or meaning, implying something twisted or difficult to understand. It is used to describe severe physical suffering or mental/spiritual corruption.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ, ΑἸΚΙΑ, ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΣΤΡΕΒΛΑ" comes from the verb "στρεβλόω" (strebloo), meaning "to twist" or "to distort," which itself is derived from "στρέφω" (strepho), meaning "to turn" or "to twist."

G3107

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mah-KAH-ree-oo

Translations: of blessed, of happy, of fortunate

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'blessed,' 'happy,' or 'fortunate.' It describes someone who is in an enviable state, often due to divine favor or inner contentment. It is used to describe the state of being truly happy or blessed, often in a spiritual sense. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of the blessed one' or 'belonging to the happy one.'

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ

G4586

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SEM-nees

Translations: of a reverent, of a venerable, of a serious, of an honorable, of a dignified

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something or someone as worthy of respect, reverence, or honor. It can also imply seriousness, dignity, or solemnity. It is used to characterize individuals, actions, or things that possess these qualities, often in a moral or religious context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΑΣΤΟΣ, ΑΙΔΕΣΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb σέβομαι (sebomai), meaning 'to revere, worship'. The word describes that which is worthy of reverence.

G4973

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sfra-GEES

Translations: seal, a seal, signet, a signet

Notes: This word refers to a seal, which is an instrument used for making an impression, or the impression itself. It was commonly used for authentication, to secure documents or property, or as a mark of ownership or authority. It could also signify a mark or token of something, like a spiritual seal.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a verb meaning 'to fence in' or 'to enclose'. It refers to an instrument for sealing or the impression made by it.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-teh-LEH-ee-oh-sen

Translations: he finished, he completed, he perfected, she finished, she completed, she perfected, it finished, it completed, it perfected

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or perfecting a process. It implies reaching a goal or a state of completion, often with the nuance of bringing something to its intended purpose or full potential. It is used to indicate that an action or process has been brought to a definitive conclusion.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G4065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-froh-NEH-ee

Translations: despised, disdained, scorned, disregarded

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'concerning', and the verb φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'. Together, it means to think around or above something, implying a sense of looking down upon or disregarding it. It describes an action of holding something in contempt or treating it as unimportant.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2150

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-SEH-beh-yah

Translations: godliness, piety, reverence, devotion, a godliness

Notes: This word refers to godliness, piety, or reverence towards God. It describes a devout and respectful attitude and conduct in relation to divine matters. It is a compound word formed from 'ευ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'σεβομαι' (sebomai), meaning 'to worship' or 'to reverence'. Thus, it literally means 'well-worship' or 'good reverence'. It is often used in contexts describing a life lived in accordance with God's will.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΕΥΛΑΒΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ (eusebeia) is derived from the Greek prefix ευ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the verb σεβομαι (sebomai), meaning 'to worship' or 'to reverence'. It signifies a proper and reverent attitude towards the divine.

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-MOHN

Translations: ruler, a ruler, governor, a governor, leader, a leader, chief, a chief, commander, a commander, prince, a prince

Notes: This word refers to a leader, ruler, or governor. It can denote someone in a position of authority, such as a provincial governor appointed by a higher power, or a general leading an army. It can also refer to someone who guides or leads in a more general sense, like a chief or a guide.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. The suffix -μων (-mōn) indicates an agent or instrument, thus 'one who leads'.

G2152

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-SEB-ace

Translations: pious, devout, godly, religious, a pious person, a devout person

Notes: This word describes someone who is pious, devout, or godly, indicating a deep reverence and respect for God or the gods, and a life lived in accordance with religious principles. It characterizes a person's inner disposition and outward conduct as being reverent and righteous.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΑΒΗΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ is a compound word derived from ΕΥ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ (sebomai), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere'. Thus, it literally means 'well-worshipping' or 'rightly reverent'.

G2481

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EE-sohs

Translations: perhaps, probably, it may be, it is likely

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'perhaps' or 'probably'. It is used to express possibility or likelihood, suggesting that something is true or will happen, but without absolute certainty. It can be used to introduce a statement that is a conjecture or a mild assertion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΑ, ΕΝΔΕΧΕΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the adjective ἴσος (isos), meaning 'equal' or 'like'. The adverbial form suggests 'in an equal manner' or 'equally likely'.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G5429

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: froh-NEE-mon

Translations: prudent, wise, sensible, intelligent, discreet, a prudent thing, a wise thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something as having practical wisdom, good judgment, or being sensible. It implies a shrewdness or discretion in practical matters, often in contrast to theoretical knowledge. It can be used to describe a person who acts with foresight and caution.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΝΟΥΝΕΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ (phronimos) derives from the Greek verb φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think, to be minded, to be prudent'. This verb itself comes from φρήν (phrēn), which refers to the mind, intellect, or understanding.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-oo-sin

Translations: they have, they hold, they possess, they are

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have,' 'to hold,' or 'to possess.' It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to be' or 'to be in a certain state,' often implying possession of a quality or condition. For example, it can describe someone having a disease or a particular characteristic. It is commonly used to indicate ownership or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G4306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-no-OO-sin

Translations: they provide for, they take thought for, they care for, they foresee

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟ (PRO), meaning 'before' or 'for', and the verb ΝΟΕΩ (NOEO), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'. Together, it means to think beforehand, to provide for, or to care for something or someone. It implies foresight and diligent attention to future needs or well-being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΝΤΙΖΩ, ΜΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kra-TEH-in

Translations: to rule, to hold, to prevail, to master, to overcome, to control, to grasp, to seize

Notes: This word describes the act of exercising power, authority, or control over something or someone. It can mean to rule or govern, to hold fast or grasp firmly, or to overcome and prevail in a struggle. It is often used to indicate dominance or mastery.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The word κρατέω (krateō) derives from κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, might, dominion'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3966

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pat-ree-AR-khai

Translations: patriarchs

Notes: This word refers to the male head of a family or tribe, especially one of the biblical figures regarded as the fathers of the human race, such as Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. It is a compound word formed from 'πατριά' (patria), meaning 'family' or 'lineage', and 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to lead'. It is used to denote a venerable and authoritative leader.

Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗΓΟΙ, ΠΡΟΠΑΤΟΡΕΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'πατριά' (patria), meaning 'family' or 'lineage', and 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to lead'. It literally means 'ruler of a family' or 'head of a lineage'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G2198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ZOH-sin

Translations: they live, they are living, they may live, they might live

Notes: This is the third person plural present active subjunctive or indicative form of the verb 'to live'. It describes an action of living or being alive performed by a group of people or things. It can be used to express a general statement about living (indicative) or a wish, possibility, or purpose related to living (subjunctive). For example, 'that they may live' or 'they are living'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G1727

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-nan-tee-OO-tai

Translations: is opposed, opposes, resists, is contrary, stands against

Notes: This word describes an action of being in opposition or resistance to something or someone. It implies a state of being contrary or hostile, or actively standing against a person, idea, or action. It is often used to describe a conflict or disagreement.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἐναντίος' (enantios), meaning 'opposite, contrary', which itself comes from 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and 'ἀντί' (anti, 'against'). The verb form means to make oneself opposite or contrary.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-tho-kra-TEI-sthai

Translations: to be ruled by passions, to be controlled by emotions, to be overcome by feelings

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to be ruled by passions or emotions'. It describes a state where a person's actions or decisions are dominated by their feelings rather than by reason or self-control. It is formed from 'πάθος' (pathos), meaning 'suffering, passion, emotion', and 'κρατέω' (krateo), meaning 'to rule, to have power over'. The form 'ΠΑΘΟΚΡΑΤΕΙΣΘΑΙ' is the present passive infinitive, indicating the action of being ruled by passions.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΠΑΘΟΣ (pathos), meaning 'suffering, emotion, passion', and ΚΡΑΤΕΩ (krateo), meaning 'to rule, to be strong, to have power over'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0770

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: as-THEH-nay

Translations: weak, feeble, sick, infirm, powerless, a weak one, a sick one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as weak, feeble, or sick. It can refer to physical weakness, illness, or a lack of power or strength in a broader sense. It is often used to describe people who are physically or spiritually infirm.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine; or Singular, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Nominative/Accusative, Masculine/Feminine/Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word comes from the prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'sthenos' (meaning 'strength'). Thus, it literally means 'without strength'.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction, introducing clauses that explain the reason or cause for something, similar to 'because' or 'since'. It can also introduce clauses of time, indicating that something happened 'when' or 'after' another event. Its meaning is determined by the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'in the event that', evolving to 'since' or 'because'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3650

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HO-lon

Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.

G5386

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-lo-SO-fone

Translations: of philosophers, to philosophers, philosophers, a philosopher

Notes: This word refers to those who love wisdom or are engaged in the pursuit of knowledge, commonly translated as 'philosophers'. It is a compound word derived from 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'σοφία' (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'. The form 'ΦΙΛΟΣΟΦΩΝ' is typically used to indicate possession (of philosophers) or as an indirect object (to philosophers), depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΙΣΤΗΣ, ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ

G4100

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-koss

Translations: having believed, one who has believed, trusted, faithful

Notes: This is the perfect active participle of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the one having believed'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the believer').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EYE-dohs

Translations: knowing, having known, having seen, perceiving, understanding, being aware

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'knowing'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge or understanding, often as a result of prior experience or perception. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows'). It is derived from the verb 'oida', which means 'to know' or 'to have seen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G0703

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-reh-TEN

Translations: virtue, excellence, moral excellence, a virtue, an excellence, a moral excellence

Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or goodness. It describes a quality of high moral standing or inherent goodness. It is often used in a moral or ethical sense to denote uprightness of character or praiseworthy conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The etymology of ΑΡΕΤΗ is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from the same root as the Greek word for 'best' (ἀριστος, aristos), implying a sense of being the best or excellent in some quality.

G3449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PO-noo

Translations: toil, labor, pain, suffering, distress, hardship, a toil, a labor, a pain, a suffering, a distress, a hardship

Notes: This word refers to physical or mental exertion, often implying hardship or suffering. It can describe the effort involved in work (toil, labor) or the resulting discomfort or affliction (pain, suffering). It is used to denote a state of distress or difficulty.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΟΣ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word comes from the root word ΠΟΝΟΣ (ponos), which means 'toil, labor, pain'. It is related to the verb πενεσθαι (penesthai), meaning 'to toil, work hard'.

G5278

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-neen

Translations: to endure, to remain, to persevere, to bear up under, to stand firm

Notes: This word means to remain under, to endure, or to persevere. It implies a steadfastness in the face of difficulties, trials, or suffering, indicating a willingness to bear up under adverse circumstances rather than giving up. It can also mean to wait patiently for something or someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΩ, ΑΝΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Thus, it literally means 'to remain under' or 'to abide under', conveying the sense of enduring or persevering through something.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

G4680

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: SOH-foss

Translations: wise, a wise person, skillful, clever

Notes: This word describes someone who possesses wisdom, skill, or cleverness. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun (e.g., 'a wise man') or as a substantive noun itself, meaning 'a wise person' or 'the wise one'. It often implies practical wisdom and understanding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΕΜΦΡΩΝ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European *sap- meaning 'to taste, to perceive'. It is related to the noun σοφία (sophia), meaning 'wisdom'.

G0407

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-DREH-yos

Translations: brave, courageous, manly, valiant

Notes: This word describes someone who is brave, courageous, or manly. It is used to characterize individuals possessing these qualities, often in the context of facing danger or adversity with fortitude. It can be applied to both men and women, though its root relates to 'man'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΑΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΨΥΧΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek word ΑΝΗΡ (ANER), meaning 'man' or 'husband', indicating qualities associated with manliness such as courage and strength.

G2962