2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G5104, G3588

Part of Speech: Particle, Definite Article

Sounds like: TOY

Translations: indeed, surely, then, for them, to them, to the, for the

Notes: ΤΟΙ can function as an enclitic particle, adding emphasis or indicating a consequence, often translated as 'indeed,' 'surely,' or 'then.' It can also be the dative masculine or neuter plural form of the definite article 'the,' meaning 'to the' or 'for the,' or referring to 'them' when used as a pronoun. Its meaning depends heavily on context.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (as a definite article)

Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΔΗ, ΟΙ

Etymology: The particle ΤΟΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun. The definite article ΤΟΙ (dative plural) derives from Proto-Indo-European roots related to demonstrative pronouns.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-RAH-kis-koy

Translations: young boy, youth, lad, a young boy, a youth, a lad

Notes: This word refers to a young boy or a youth, typically in the age range between childhood and adulthood. It is a diminutive form of μειράκιον (meirakion), which also means 'youth' or 'lad', implying a slightly younger or more endearing connotation. It is used to describe a male who is no longer a child but not yet a man.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word μειράκισκος (meirakiskos) is a diminutive of μειράκιον (meirakion), which itself is derived from μεῖραξ (meirax), meaning 'youth' or 'young person'. The suffix -ισκος is a common diminutive suffix in Greek, indicating a smaller or younger version of the base word.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3053

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: loh-giss-MOH

Translations: (to) thought, (to) reasoning, (to) calculation, (to) consideration, (to) a thought, (to) a reasoning

Notes: This word refers to a thought, reasoning, or calculation. It describes the act or result of thinking, considering, or deliberating. It can be used to refer to a specific thought or to the faculty of reason itself. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done or the object to which an action is directed, often translated with 'by' or 'to'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΗΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ

G5386

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: fee-loh-soh-FOO-tes

Translations: philosophizing, practicing philosophy, those who philosophize, those who practice philosophy

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'philosophize'. It describes someone or a group of people who are actively engaged in the act of philosophizing or practicing philosophy. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'those who philosophize'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G5467

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-le-POH-teh-rohn

Translations: of more difficult, of more grievous, of more harsh, of more severe, of more troublesome, of more dangerous

Notes: This word is a comparative adjective, meaning 'more difficult,' 'more grievous,' 'more harsh,' 'more severe,' 'more troublesome,' or 'more dangerous.' It describes something that is worse or harder than something else. As a genitive plural, it would typically modify a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, such as 'of more difficult things' or 'belonging to more severe circumstances.'

Inflection: Comparative, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-peh-DEE

Translations: since, because, forasmuch as, inasmuch as

Notes: This word is a causal conjunction used to introduce a reason or cause for something. It functions similarly to 'because' or 'since' in English, explaining why a particular action or state is true. It often appears at the beginning of a clause that provides the justification for the preceding statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, to') and the conjunction ΕΙΔΗ (eide, 'already, now'), which is related to the verb ΟΙΔΑ (oida, 'to know'). It literally means 'upon knowing' or 'since it is known', evolving into a general causal conjunction.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3986

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEI-rahn

Translations: trial, a trial, test, a test, attempt, an attempt, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to a trial, test, or attempt, often implying an experience or proof of something. It can be used in contexts where someone is put to the test, or when an effort is made to achieve something. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb πεῖρα (peira), meaning 'to try, to test'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *per- meaning 'to try, to risk'.

G3528

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-nee-KEE-thay

Translations: was conquered, was overcome, was defeated, was vanquished

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'nikao'. It describes an action that happened in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being conquered or defeated. It indicates that someone or something was overcome by another force.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΗΤΤΑΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The verb ΝΙΚΑΩ (nikao) comes from the noun ΝΙΚΗ (nike), meaning 'victory'. It is related to the concept of achieving triumph or prevailing over an opponent.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: too-RAH-noss

Translations: tyrant, a tyrant, ruler, despot

Notes: This word refers to a ruler who holds absolute power, often one who has seized power unconstitutionally. While in modern English 'tyrant' carries a negative connotation of oppressive rule, in ancient Greek, especially initially, it could simply refer to a powerful ruler or monarch, without necessarily implying cruelty or injustice. It is used to describe a powerful individual in authority.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ, ΑΥΤΟΚΡΑΤΩΡ

Etymology: The word 'tyrannos' is of pre-Greek origin, likely from an Anatolian language. It entered Greek during the Archaic period and originally referred to an absolute ruler, often one who came to power outside of hereditary succession.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: doo-nee-THAYS

Translations: having been able, being able, able, to be able, to be powerful

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, often indicating an action that has already occurred (aorist tense) and is passive in voice. It describes someone or something that has acquired the ability or power to do something, or has been enabled. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the one having been able to speak' or 'having been empowered'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΣΑΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the Ancient Greek word δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power, strength, ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent capability or potential.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4040

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ree-PAH-thohs

Translations: passionately, vehemently, with great feeling, with strong emotion

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'peripathes'. It describes an action performed with intense emotion, strong feeling, or great passion. It can be used to emphasize the emotional intensity behind a verb, indicating that something is done with fervor or vehemence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΕΝΤΟΝΩΣ, ΣΦΟΔΡΩΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the adjective ΠΕΡΙΠΑΘΗΣ (peripathes), meaning 'suffering greatly' or 'deeply affected'. This adjective is a compound of ΠΕΡΙ (peri), meaning 'around' or 'exceedingly', and ΠΑΘΟΣ (pathos), meaning 'suffering' or 'emotion'.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-keh-LEH-oo-seh

Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he urged, he bade

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō). It means 'he commanded' or 'he ordered'. It describes a past action of giving a command or instruction. It is often used when someone in authority gives an order.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κέλλω (kello, 'to drive, to urge').

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: AL-looss

Translations: others, other ones, different ones, of another, of someone else, of something else

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective/pronoun 'allos', meaning 'other' or 'another'. In the form 'allous', it can function as the masculine accusative plural, referring to 'other people' or 'other things' as direct objects. It can also be the genitive singular masculine or neuter, meaning 'of another' or 'of someone/something else', indicating possession or origin. Additionally, it could be the genitive singular feminine, meaning 'of another (female person or thing)'. Its meaning depends on the grammatical context.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine OR Genitive, Singular, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3394, G2068

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-ah-roh-fah-GAY-sah-yen

Translations: to eat defiled things, to eat unclean things, to eat polluted things

Notes: This word is a compound verb, combining the concept of 'defiled' or 'polluted' (from ΜΙΑΡΟΣ) with 'to eat' (from ΕΣΘΙΩ). It describes the act of consuming something that is considered ritually or morally unclean. It would be used in contexts where one is discussing the consumption of forbidden or impure foods, or engaging in practices that are considered defiling.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΔΕΛΥΣΣΟΜΑΙ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΣ

G0483

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-LEH-goy-en

Translations: they might speak against, they might contradict, they might gainsay, they might oppose

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and 'λεγω' (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Therefore, it means to speak against, contradict, or gainsay. It describes an action of verbal opposition or disagreement. It can be used in contexts where someone is disputing a statement or resisting an action through words.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Optative Mood, Present Tense, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΣΣΩ, ΑΝΤΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G4089

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pik-RO-teh-roh

Translations: more bitter, more harsh, more grievous, more painful

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'bitter' (πικρός). It describes something as being 'more bitter' or 'more harsh' than something else. It can refer to a literal taste, but more often it is used metaphorically to describe something that is more grievous, painful, or severe in an emotional or experiential sense. It functions as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a predicate adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΕΡΟ, ΧΑΛΕΠΩΤΕΡΟ

Etymology: The root word ΠΙΚΡΟΣ (pikros) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to prick' or 'to cut', suggesting a sharp or biting quality.

G0928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zayn

Translations: to torment, to torture, to examine by torture, to test, to distress, to vex, to afflict

Notes: This verb describes the act of causing severe pain or distress, either physically through torture or mentally through vexation and affliction. It can also refer to the process of examining someone under torture to extract information, or more generally, to test or prove something through a difficult process. It implies a severe and often prolonged suffering.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑἸΚΙΖΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ, ΚΟΛΑΖΩ

Etymology: From the noun βάσανος (basanos), meaning 'touchstone' or 'test', which was used to test the purity of metals. Over time, it evolved to mean a test or examination by torture, and then simply to torture or torment.

G1299

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-tah-KSAH-meh-noo

Translations: (of) having commanded, (of) having arranged, (of) having ordered, (of) having appointed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diatassō', meaning 'to arrange', 'to command', or 'to appoint'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often functioning adverbially or adjectivally. In this genitive form, it typically indicates the agent or circumstance of an action, often translated as 'of him having commanded' or 'when he had commanded'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΙΛΑΜΕΝΟΥ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΞΑΝΤΟΣ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GOH-meh-noy

Translations: being led, being brought, being carried, being driven, being taken, being gathered

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being led' or 'being brought'. It describes someone or something that is currently in the process of being led, brought, or carried by an external force. It can be used to describe people being led to a place, goods being brought, or even a group of people being gathered together.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5485

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kha-ree-EN-tes

Translations: graceful, charming, elegant, pleasing, agreeable

Notes: This word describes something or someone as possessing grace, charm, or elegance. It can refer to a person who is pleasing in manner or appearance, or to things that are agreeable or delightful. It is often used to describe qualities that evoke pleasure or admiration.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From χάρις (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor', combined with a suffix indicating possession or quality. It describes something as 'full of grace' or 'possessing grace'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: having seen, when he saw, when they saw, seeing, looking, perceiving

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οράω' (orao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It often indicates the cause or circumstance of another action, such as 'having seen this, he did that'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G4024

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-khon-tas

Translations: containing, encompassing, holding around, surrounding, those containing, those encompassing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb περιέχω (periechō), meaning 'to contain,' 'to encompass,' 'to hold around,' or 'to surround.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a noun. In this form, it refers to 'those who are containing' or 'those who are encompassing' something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΚΥΚΛΟΝΤΑΣ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-plah-GAYSS

Translations: amazed, astonished, astounded, struck with amazement, struck with astonishment

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'ekplesso'. It describes someone who has been struck with great amazement, astonishment, or wonder, often to the point of being overwhelmed or stunned. It implies a strong emotional reaction to something unexpected or extraordinary. It is used to describe a state of being utterly surprised or awestruck.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΜΒΕΩ, ΕΚΣΤΑΤΙΚΟΣ

G4368

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-mei-DI-ah-sen

Translations: smiled, smiled at, smiled upon

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to smile at' or 'to smile upon'. It describes the act of directing a smile towards someone or something. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'μειδιάω' (meidiaō), meaning 'to smile'.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΔΙΑΩ, ΓΕΛΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΜΕΙΔΙΑΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΜΕΙΔΙΑΩ (meidiaō), meaning 'to smile'.

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G5380

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: fee-loh-FROH-nohss

Translations: kindly, courteously, hospitably, in a friendly manner, graciously

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning "kindly" or "courteously." It describes an action performed with friendliness, goodwill, or hospitality. It is often used to describe how someone receives or treats another person, indicating a warm and welcoming disposition. It is derived from the adjective φιλόφρων (philophron), meaning "friendly" or "kind-hearted."

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΚΩΣ, ΕΥΜΕΝΩΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΝΩΣ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-too

Translations: of each, of every, of everyone, of each one

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective/pronoun 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual members of a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'of each man') or as a pronoun standing alone (e.g., 'of each one').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ (hekastos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *sek- meaning 'to cut' or 'to separate', implying 'each one separately'.

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thow-MAH-zoh

Translations: to wonder, to marvel, to be amazed, to admire

Notes: This verb means to wonder, marvel, or be amazed at something or someone. It can also mean to admire. It is often used to express a strong emotional reaction to something surprising, impressive, or extraordinary. It can be used with a direct object or with a preposition like 'ἐπί' (epi) or 'περί' (peri) followed by the genitive case to indicate the object of wonder.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ (thaumazo) comes from the noun ΘΑΥΜΑ (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel.' Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the idea of looking at something with awe or astonishment.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAL-los

Translations: beauty, a beauty, splendor, glory

Notes: This word refers to beauty, splendor, or glory. It is often used to describe physical attractiveness or the magnificent appearance of something. It can also refer to the inherent excellence or glory of a person or thing. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the beauty of gold, the splendor of God's glory, and the beauty of Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΛΟΣ derives from the adjective καλός (kalos), meaning 'beautiful, good'. It refers to the quality or state of being beautiful.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-toh

Translations: to/for so much, to/for so great, to/for so many, by so much, by so great, by so many

Notes: This word is an adjective that indicates quantity or degree, meaning 'so much,' 'so great,' or 'so many.' It is used to emphasize the extent or magnitude of something. In this dative singular form, it often conveys 'to/for so much/great/many' or 'by so much/great/many,' indicating the measure or degree by which something is affected or compared.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G4823

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sym-boo-LEH-oo-oh

Translations: to advise, to counsel, to recommend, to deliberate, to consult

Notes: This verb means to give counsel or advice, to recommend a course of action, or to deliberate with others. It is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb βουλεύω (bouleuō), meaning 'to counsel' or 'to plan.' It can be used in contexts where one person offers guidance to another, or where a group discusses and decides on a plan.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular; or Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb βουλεύω (bouleuō), meaning 'to counsel' or 'to plan.' The root βουλεύω comes from βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan.'

G3163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mah-NEE-nai

Translations: to be mad, to be insane, to rave, to be furious

Notes: This word is the aorist infinitive passive form of the verb 'μαίνομαι' (mainomai). It describes the state of being out of one's mind, whether due to madness, divine inspiration, or extreme emotion like fury. It is used to express the action of becoming or being mad.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'μαίνομαι' (mainomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to think, to be mentally active', which also gave rise to words related to mind and mental states.

G0928

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: bah-sah-nis-THEN-tee

Translations: (to) having been tormented, (to) having been tortured, (to) having been vexed, (to) having been distressed

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'basanizo', meaning 'to torment' or 'to torture'. As a dative singular participle, it refers to someone or something that has undergone torment or torture. It describes the state of having been subjected to intense suffering, pain, or distress. It is used to indicate the recipient of the action of being tormented.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΟΜΕΝΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΟΥΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The verb 'basanizo' comes from 'basanos', which originally referred to a touchstone used to test the purity of metals. Over time, it evolved to mean a test by torture, and then torture or torment itself.

G4269

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ba-sa-nis-THEN-tee

Translations: having been previously tortured, having been previously examined by torture

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the prefix 'προ-' (pro-), meaning 'before' or 'previously', and 'βασανίζω' (basanizo), meaning 'to torture' or 'to examine by torture'. Thus, it describes something or someone that has undergone torture or a rigorous examination beforehand. It is used to indicate a past action completed before another point in time, with the subject having been acted upon.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'προβασανίζω' is a compound of 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and 'βασανίζω' (basanizo), meaning 'to torment, torture, or test'. 'Βασανίζω' itself comes from 'βάσανος' (basanos), which originally referred to a Lydian stone used to test the purity of gold, and later came to mean a test or torture.

G1094

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-ROH-tee

Translations: to an old man, for an old man, by an old man, with an old man, an old man

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΓΕΡΩΝ' (geron), which means 'old man' or 'elder'. In the dative case, it indicates the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', or 'with'. It refers to a single male elder.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕϹΒΥΤΕΡΟϹ, ΠΡΕϹΒΥΤΗϹ

Etymology: The word ΓΕΡΩΝ (geron) comes from an ancient root meaning 'old' or 'aged'. It is related to words signifying age and respect for elders.

G3137

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-NEE-an

Translations: madness, a madness, frenzy, a frenzy, rage, a rage

Notes: This word refers to a state of mental derangement, frenzy, or intense passion. It describes a loss of self-control, irrational behavior, or a fit of rage. It is often used to denote a strong, uncontrollable emotion or mental state.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΞΥΣΜΟΣ, ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΟΡΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΝΙΑ (mania) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (to think, to have one's mind aroused). It is related to words signifying mental states, often those involving excitement or derangement.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: EH-mees

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. In Koine Greek, the letter 'Η' (eta) and 'Ι' (iota) were often pronounced similarly, and 'Σ' (sigma) could be confused with 'Ξ' (xi) or 'Ζ' (zeta) in some contexts, or it could be a misreading of another letter. There is no readily identifiable Koine Greek word 'ΕΜΗΣ'. It is possible it is a typo for a word like 'ΕΜΗΣ' (emēs), which is not a standard word, or 'ΕΜΗΣ' (emēs) which could be a form of 'ΕΜΟΣ' (emos) meaning 'my' or 'mine', but the spelling 'ΕΜΗΣ' is not a standard inflection. Given the context of the example sentences, it is highly likely to be a misspelling or a transcription error.

Inflection: Unknown

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-LAH-oo-ayn

Translations: to enjoy, to have the use of, to get benefit from, to receive benefit from

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to enjoy or to have the use of something. It often implies deriving benefit or pleasure from an object or situation. It is typically followed by a genitive case to indicate what is being enjoyed or used.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΡΠΟΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΑΥΩ (LAUO), which is related to taking or receiving. Thus, it conveys the sense of receiving or taking something for one's own benefit or enjoyment.

G5373

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-LEE-as

Translations: of friendship, of affection, of love

Notes: This word refers to the bond of friendship, affection, or love between individuals. It describes a close relationship characterized by mutual regard and goodwill. In a sentence, it would typically indicate the nature of a relationship or the quality of affection, often appearing in a genitive construction to show possession or origin, such as 'the bond of friendship'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΣ, ΕΡΩΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΡΓΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΙΑ (philia) comes from the Greek word φίλος (philos), meaning 'beloved, dear, friendly'. It is related to the verb φιλέω (phileō), meaning 'to love, to be fond of'.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAI-meen

Translations: I might be able, I could, I might be strong, I might have power

Notes: This word means 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It is often used to express possibility, potential, or a wish, particularly in the optative mood. It describes the capacity or capability of someone to do something.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Optative Mood, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the Greek root δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G2849

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-LA-zayn

Translations: to punish, to chastise, to correct, to curb, to restrain

Notes: ΚΟΛΑΖΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΚΟΛΑΖΩ. It means to punish, chastise, or correct someone, often with the aim of improvement or restraint. It can be used in sentences to express the act of inflicting a penalty or discipline upon someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΜΑΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: From κόλαξ (kolax, "flatterer"), originally meaning to prune or curtail, then to chastise or punish. The root is related to the idea of cutting or lopping off, which evolved into the sense of restraining or punishing.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G0000

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pei-THOO-ntas

Translations: disobeying, disobedient, unbelieving

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action of disobedience or unbelief. It describes someone who is actively refusing to be persuaded or to comply. It is often used to characterize those who reject divine authority or truth.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ (apeitheō) is a compound word formed from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'πειθω' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it literally means 'not persuaded' or 'not obeying'.

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G2138

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-pee-THOO-ntahs

Translations: obedient, compliant, obeying, those who obey, those who are obedient

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb εὐπειθέω (eupeitheō), meaning 'to be obedient' or 'to comply'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, describing someone or something that is in the state of obeying or being compliant. It can be translated as 'obedient' or 'compliant', or as 'those who obey' depending on the context.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word εὐπειθέω (eupeitheō) is a compound word formed from εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it literally means 'to be well-persuaded' or 'to obey well'.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEV-sah-teh

Translations: believe, trust, have faith, commit, entrust

Notes: This word means to believe, trust, or have faith in someone or something. It implies a conviction or reliance. It is often used in the context of religious faith, but can also refer to trusting a person or an idea. It is a compound word, formed from the root 'πίστις' (faith) and the verbal ending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πίστις (pístis, “faith, trust”) + -εύω (-eúō, verbal suffix).

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G0720

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ar-nay-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: denying, having denied, renouncing, having renounced, disowning, having disowned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'arneomai', meaning 'to deny', 'to renounce', or 'to disown'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It indicates an action that has already occurred (aorist tense) and is performed by the subject (middle voice). It describes someone who has performed the act of denying or renouncing.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ

G0720

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ar-nay-THEN-tes

Translations: having denied, having renounced, having rejected, having disowned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'arneomai', meaning to deny, renounce, or reject. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has been completed by the subject. It describes someone who has performed the act of denial or renunciation.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΟΥΜΑΙ

G3961

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-tree-on

Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.

G2315

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THES-mon

Translations: ordinance, an ordinance, law, a law, custom, a custom, statute, a statute

Notes: This word refers to an established custom, ordinance, or law. It denotes something that has been laid down or instituted, often by authority, and serves as a rule or regulation. It is used to describe a decree, a statute, or a traditional practice that is followed.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word "ΘΕΣΜΟΣ" comes from the Greek verb "τίθημι" (tithemi), meaning "to place, to set, to establish." Thus, it refers to something that has been set down or established.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G0979

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BEE-oo

Translations: of life, of livelihood, of means of living, a life

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΒΙΟΣ' (bios), which refers to life, especially in the sense of one's earthly existence, way of life, or means of living. It can also refer to one's livelihood or possessions. As a genitive form, 'ΒΙΟΥ' often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of life' or 'of livelihood' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΩΗΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷih₃-wo-s, meaning 'living'. It is related to the verb 'ζάω' (zaō), meaning 'to live'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-dee-ah-ee-tay-THEN-tes

Translations: having lived together, having associated together, having shared a way of life

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'μετά' (with, among) and 'διαιτάω' (to live, to dwell, to regulate one's life). It describes the action of having lived or associated together with others, implying a shared way of life or common habits. It is used to refer to a group of people who have adopted a particular lifestyle or shared experiences.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΙΟΩ, ΣΥΝΔΙΑΙΤΑΩ

G1792

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-try-FEE-sah-teh

Translations: live luxuriously, revel, indulge, delight in, enjoy

Notes: This verb describes the act of living in luxury, indulging in pleasures, or reveling in something. It implies a deep enjoyment or delight, often with a connotation of self-indulgence or extravagance. In this form, it is an aorist imperative, commanding someone to engage in such behavior.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΡΥΦΑΩ, ΣΠΑΤΑΛΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΤΡΥΦΑΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ΤΡΥΦΑΩ (tryphaō), which means 'to live delicately, luxuriously'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of luxurious living or indulgence.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction, introducing clauses that explain the reason or cause for something, similar to 'because' or 'since'. It can also introduce clauses of time, indicating that something happened 'when' or 'after' another event. Its meaning is determined by the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'in the event that', evolving to 'since' or 'because'.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G1303

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-THEES-thai

Translations: to make a covenant, to make a will, to arrange, to dispose, to appoint

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'διατίθημι' (diatithēmi). It means 'to make a covenant' or 'to make a will,' referring to the act of establishing a formal agreement or disposing of property through a testament. It can also mean 'to arrange' or 'to appoint.' In a broader sense, it describes the act of setting something in order or establishing a disposition.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΙΝ, ΤΙΘΕΝΑΙ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G0931

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-SAH-nohn

Translations: of torment, of torture, of trial, of examination, of the touchstone

Notes: This word refers to a test or examination, often implying a severe one, like a touchstone used to test metals. It can also refer to the pain or suffering that results from such a test, thus meaning torment or torture. In a broader sense, it can denote a trial or tribulation. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΩΝ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΩΝ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ (basanos) originally referred to a Lydian stone used to test the purity of gold and silver. From this literal meaning, it developed the figurative sense of a test, examination, or severe trial, and subsequently, the suffering or torment associated with such a trial.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-seh

Translations: he destroyed, he perished, he lost, he was lost, he ruined, he was ruined

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to destroy, to perish, to lose, or to ruin. It can be used transitively (to destroy something) or intransitively (to perish oneself). In this form, it indicates an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point, and performed by a singular subject (he/she/it).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΟΛΛΥΜΙ (OLLUMI), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of destruction or loss.

G2697

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-leh-EH-sah-tai

Translations: have mercy, show mercy, pity

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have mercy upon' or 'to show pity'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'ἐλεέω' (ELEEO), meaning 'to have mercy'. The prefix intensifies the action of showing mercy.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΕΩ, ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek preposition 'κατά' (KATA) and the verb 'ἐλεέω' (ELEEO). The verb 'ἐλεέω' comes from 'ἔλεος' (ELEOS), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-os

Translations: hostile, an enemy, the enemy

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'hostile' or 'at war', or as a noun meaning 'an enemy' or 'adversary'. It is derived from the word for 'war' (πόλεμος) and describes someone or something that is engaged in conflict or opposition. When used as a noun, it refers to an opponent in battle or a personal foe.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ is derived from this root, indicating a relationship to war or conflict.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH-geh

Translations: I, I myself, indeed I, as for me

Notes: This word is an emphatic form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to add emphasis or stress to the speaker, highlighting their personal involvement or perspective. It can be translated as 'I myself' or 'as for me', indicating a strong personal assertion or distinction.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative, Emphatic

Synonyms: ΕΓΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is the common first-person singular pronoun found across many Indo-European languages.

G2162

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-mor-FEE-as

Translations: (of) beauty, (of) comeliness, (of) grace

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being beautiful or comely, often implying a pleasing appearance or grace. It is used to describe physical attractiveness or the aesthetic quality of something. It is a compound word derived from 'ΕΥ' (eu, meaning 'good' or 'well') and 'ΜΟΡΦΗ' (morphē, meaning 'form' or 'shape').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΛΟΣ, ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΜΟΡΦΙΑ (eumorphia) is derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ΜΟΡΦΗ (morphē), meaning 'form' or 'shape'. Thus, it literally means 'good form' or 'well-formedness'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dah-loh-ghee-EI-sthai

Translations: to speak foolishly, to babble, to talk nonsense

Notes: This word is a compound verb, likely formed from a root related to 'foolish' or 'empty' and 'λογίζομαι' (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, consider, or speak'. It describes the act of speaking in a nonsensical, foolish, or empty manner, often implying a lack of substance or wisdom in one's words. It suggests babbling or uttering meaningless phrases.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΜΩΡΟΛΟΓΕΙΝ, ΛΗΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: This word appears to be a compound formed from a root related to 'foolish' or 'empty' (possibly from δάλος, 'blind' or 'ignorant', or related to δάλη, 'folly') and the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, consider, or speak'. The combination suggests 'to speak foolishly' or 'to reason emptily'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pee-THAY-sah-sin

Translations: disobeying, disobedient, refusing to believe, being unpersuaded

Notes: This word is the dative plural masculine/neuter aorist active participle of the verb 'ἀπειθέω' (apeitheō), meaning 'to disobey' or 'to be disobedient'. It describes those who have disobeyed or refused to be persuaded, often implying a willful resistance to authority or truth. It is used to refer to a group of people who are characterized by their past act of disobedience.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Dative Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΕΩ, ΑΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G4761

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: streh-BLOH

Translations: to twist, to distort, to torture, to pervert, to wrench, to make crooked

Notes: This verb means to twist, distort, or make crooked. It can be used literally to describe the physical act of twisting something, or figuratively to describe the perversion or distortion of truth or justice. In a more severe context, it can refer to torturing someone by twisting their limbs or body.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΒΑΣΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek root στρεβλός (streblos), meaning 'twisted' or 'crooked'.

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-thah-NIN

Translations: to die, to be dead, to be about to die

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀποθνῄσκω', meaning 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is often used to express the action of dying or the state of being dead, frequently appearing after prepositions like 'μετά τό' (after) or as the object of verbs like 'ἐπεδέξαντο' (they chose).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΟΙΜΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, 'to die').

G0606

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-KEE-tai

Translations: is laid up, is reserved, is stored up, is appointed, is destined

Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, middle/passive voice of the verb ΑΠΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ (apokeimai). It means 'to be laid up,' 'to be reserved,' or 'to be stored away.' It is often used to describe something that is set aside or destined for a particular purpose or time, implying a future certainty or an established fact. For example, it can refer to a reward or punishment that is awaiting someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid.' Thus, it literally means 'to lie away' or 'to be laid away.'

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G1726

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, (of) before, (of) in front of, (of) in the presence of

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb indicating position or direction, meaning 'before' or 'in front'. It can also be used as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to mean 'in front of' or 'in the presence of' someone or something. It denotes a spatial relationship, indicating that one thing is situated ahead of another, or a relational context, signifying being in the sight or presence of someone.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as an improper preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition 'en' (in) and 'prosthen' (before, from 'pros' - toward). It literally means 'in front' or 'in the forepart'.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tee-THEH-nye

Translations: to put, to place, to set, to lay, to appoint, to establish

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to put', 'to place', 'to set', or 'to lay'. It can also be used in the sense of 'to appoint' or 'to establish' someone or something in a particular position or role. It describes the action of physically placing an object or metaphorically establishing a condition or person.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΘΗΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G3392, G5315

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-ahee-roh-fah-GAY-sahee

Translations: to eat defiled things, to eat things offered to idols, to eat things sacrificed to idols

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'μιαίνω' (to defile, pollute) and 'φαγώ' (to eat). It describes the act of eating something that has been ritually defiled or polluted, often in the context of food sacrificed to idols or otherwise considered unclean according to religious law. It implies partaking in something that would render one impure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΗΛΟΦΑΓΗΣΑΙ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: trokh-LOOS

Translations: pulleys, a pulley, wheels, a wheel

Notes: This word refers to pulleys or wheels, mechanical devices used for lifting or moving objects. It is typically used in contexts describing machinery or mechanisms involving rotation. It is a plural form of the noun 'τροχλός'.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΡΟΧΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'τροχλός' (trochlos) is derived from 'τροχός' (trochos), meaning 'wheel', which itself comes from the verb 'τρέχω' (trecho), meaning 'to run' or 'to move quickly'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-threm-BO-las

Translations: dislocation of a joint, reduction of a dislocation

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'arthron' (joint) and 'embolē' (insertion, dislocation). It refers specifically to the medical condition of a joint being dislocated, or the act of setting a dislocated joint back into place. It is used in medical contexts to describe either the state of dislocation or the procedure for its reduction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΤΩΣΙΣ, ΕΞΑΡΘΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἄρθρον (arthron), meaning 'joint', and ἐμβολή (embolē), meaning 'insertion' or 'dislocation'. It describes a medical procedure or condition related to joints.

G745, G1717

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-threm-BO-lah

Translations: joint-setting, reduction of a dislocation, a joint-setting instrument, a reduction of a fracture

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'arthron' (joint) and 'embolē' (insertion, thrust). It refers to the medical procedure of setting a dislocated joint or reducing a fracture, or to an instrument used for such a purpose. It describes the action of putting a bone back into its proper place within a joint.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tro-khan-TEE-ras

Translations: trochanter, a trochanter, roller, a roller, pulley, a pulley

Notes: This word refers to a trochanter, which is a bony prominence, especially on the femur (thigh bone). It can also refer to a roller or a pulley, indicating something that rotates or facilitates movement. It is used in a general sense to describe such anatomical features or mechanical devices.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "trochanter" comes from the Greek verb "τροχάω" (trochaō), meaning "to run" or "to roll," which is related to "τροχός" (trochos), meaning "wheel." It refers to something that turns or rotates.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-PEL-tas

Translations: catapult, a catapult

Notes: This word refers to a catapult, a type of ancient artillery or siege engine used to hurl projectiles, such as stones or arrows, over long distances. It was commonly employed in warfare for attacking fortifications or enemy formations.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΞΥΒΕΛΗΣ, ΛΙΘΟΒΟΛΟΝ, ΑΦΕΤΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word "καταπέλτης" (katapeltēs) is derived from the Greek words "κατά" (kata), meaning "down" or "against," and "πάλλω" (pallō), meaning "to hurl" or "to throw." Thus, it literally means "that which hurls down" or "that which throws against."

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dak-too-LEE-thras

Translations: of a thimble, of a finger-stall

Notes: This word refers to a thimble or a finger-stall, an object worn on the finger to protect it, especially during sewing or other manual tasks. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to how 'of a thimble' would be used in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΔΑΚΤΥΛΗΘΡΑ is derived from the Greek word δάκτυλος (DAK-too-los), meaning 'finger'. The suffix -ηθρα indicates an instrument or tool, thus 'that which is for the finger'.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G2221

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zoh-POO-rah

Translations: live coals, embers, sparks

Notes: This word refers to live coals, embers, or sparks, which are the glowing remnants of a fire. It can be used to describe the last vestiges of something, or something that keeps a fire or a concept alive.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΑΚΕΣ, ΠΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ζώπυρον (zōpyron) is a compound word derived from ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live', and πῦρ (pyr), meaning 'fire'. Thus, it literally means 'living fire' or 'that which keeps fire alive'.

G4442

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-ros

Translations: of fire, fire, a fire

Notes: This word refers to fire, a fundamental element. It can be used literally to describe a burning flame or figuratively to represent judgment, purification, or divine presence. As a noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, or in this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΛΟΞ, ΚΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'πῦρ' (pyr) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂wr̥, meaning 'fire'. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1392

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dor-oo-PHOR-oy

Translations: bodyguards, spear-bearers, attendants, a bodyguard, a spear-bearer, an attendant

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'δόρυ' (dory), meaning 'spear', and 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It refers to someone who carries a spear, typically as a guard or attendant to a person of importance. It is used to describe bodyguards, royal guards, or armed attendants.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΟΙ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΑΙ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΩΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek noun δόρυ (dory), meaning 'spear', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It literally means 'spear-bearer'.

G4388

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-E-the-san

Translations: they set before, they purposed, they proposed, they displayed, they put forth

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they set before' or 'they purposed'. It describes an action where a group of people placed something in front of others, or made a decision or plan. It can also mean to display something publicly or to propose an idea. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΘΗΚΑΝ, ΕΘΕΝΤΟ, ΕΒΟΥΛΕΥΣΑΝΤΟ

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-LAH-bo

Translations: to take up, to receive, to answer, to suppose, to assume, to understand, to interrupt, to reply

Notes: This verb means 'to take up' or 'to receive' in a literal sense, such as taking someone into a house or receiving a word. It can also mean 'to answer' or 'to reply' in a conversational context, often implying an interruption or a quick response. Furthermore, it can signify 'to suppose,' 'to assume,' or 'to understand' something, indicating a mental grasp or a presumption. The meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying an action of taking something from below or from a subordinate position, or taking up a point in discourse.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under' or 'below,' and the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ (LAMBANO), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive.' This etymology reflects its core meanings of taking something from below or taking up a matter.

G4576

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: seh-BEH-sthai

Translations: to worship, to revere, to venerate, to fear

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to worship, revere, or venerate. It implies a deep respect and awe, often directed towards a deity or a person of high authority. It can also carry the sense of fearing or being afraid of someone or something, especially in a reverential way. It is used to describe the act of showing devotion or honor.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ, ΦΟΒΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an ancient root meaning 'to be in awe' or 'to shrink from'.

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kane

Translations: justice, a justice, judgment, a judgment, penalty, a penalty, punishment, a punishment, vengeance, a vengeance

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, both in the sense of what is right and fair, and in the sense of a legal judgment or the penalty imposed as a result of such a judgment. It can also denote the act of vengeance or retribution. It is often used in contexts relating to divine or human legal proceedings and their outcomes.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΜΑ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΗ (dikē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb δείκνυμι (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out', suggesting an original sense of 'that which is shown to be right' or 'that which is established'.

G2436

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-leh-ohs

Translations: gracious, merciful, propitious, favorable

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is gracious, merciful, or propitious, often in a religious context, indicating a favorable disposition, especially from God. It can be used to describe God's willingness to forgive or show favor. It is often used in prayers or supplications, asking for mercy or favor.

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΕΛΕΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate' or 'to make atonement'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0318

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAYN

Translations: necessity, a necessity, compulsion, a compulsion, distress, a distress, need, a need

Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation, a pressing need, or a difficult situation that forces a certain course of action. It is often used to denote a situation where one is under duress or has no other option.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΒΙΑ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΓΚΗ (anankē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb ἀνάγω (anagō), meaning 'to lead up' or 'to bring back', possibly implying something that brings one back to a necessary state or condition.

G3891

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-no-may-SAH-sin

Translations: to those who acted unlawfully, to those who transgressed, to those who sinned, to those who violated the law

Notes: This word is the dative plural aorist active participle of the verb 'paranomeō', meaning 'to act unlawfully' or 'to transgress'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the action of a noun. In this form, it refers to 'those who have acted unlawfully' or 'to those who have transgressed', indicating the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of a state, specifically in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ, ΑΣΕΒΕΩ, ΑΔΙΚΕΩ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-KOO-san-tes

Translations: having heard, those who heard, after hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It can refer to people who have heard something, or indicate that an action occurred after the act of hearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: oh-RON-tes

Translations: seeing, beholding, looking at, perceiving, observing, those seeing, the ones seeing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'οράω' (oraō), meaning 'to see' or 'to behold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. In this form, 'ο̄ρῶντες' refers to 'those who are seeing' or 'the ones who are beholding'. It can be used to describe people who are actively observing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'οράω' (oraō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G5604

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-dee-NAS

Translations: birth pangs, labor pains, pains, anguish, a birth pang, a labor pain, an anguish

Notes: This word refers to the intense pains experienced during childbirth, often translated as 'birth pangs' or 'labor pains'. By extension, it can also describe any severe pain, distress, or anguish, similar to the suffering of childbirth. It is used metaphorically to describe intense suffering or the 'birth' of something new, often with difficulty.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: MO-no

Translations: only, alone, single, a single, merely

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'only' or 'alone', describing a singular entity or state. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. For example, it can describe someone who is by themselves, or an action that is done exclusively in one way.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular (adjective); Does not inflect (adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (alone, single).

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-te-phi-lo-SO-phe-san

Translations: they philosophized in return, they argued philosophically against, they counter-philosophized

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and 'φιλοσοφεω' (philosopheo), meaning 'to philosophize'. The word describes the action of philosophizing in response to someone else, or engaging in a philosophical debate or argument against a particular viewpoint. It implies a reciprocal or opposing philosophical activity.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LYOO-sahn

Translations: they destroyed, they overthrew, they lodged, they stayed, they dissolved, they abolished

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λύω (lyō, meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'). It can mean to destroy, overthrow, or abolish something, implying a complete breaking down or dissolution. It can also mean to lodge or stay somewhere, particularly for the night, implying a 'breaking down' of one's journey. The specific meaning often depends on the context.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose', 'to release', or 'to untie'. The combination suggests an action of 'loosing down' or 'breaking down'.

G2543

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-toy

Translations: and yet, although, though, nevertheless, yet, even though

Notes: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or qualifies what has just been said. It often implies a sense of 'and yet' or 'nevertheless,' indicating a concession or a surprising fact. It can be used to introduce a counter-argument or to emphasize a point despite previous information.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΤΟΙ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai, 'and, also, even') and the particle ΤΟΙ (toi, 'indeed, surely'). It emphasizes the 'and yet' or 'nevertheless' aspect.

G1374

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-LOH-psee-khoi

Translations: double-minded, irresolute, wavering, undecided

Notes: This word describes someone who is 'double-minded,' meaning they have two souls or two minds. It refers to a person who is indecisive, wavering between two opinions or courses of action, or lacking in conviction and sincerity. It is often used in a negative sense to describe someone who is unstable or unreliable in their faith or commitment. It is a compound word formed from 'δι-' (di-), meaning 'two,' and 'ψυχή' (psyche), meaning 'soul' or 'mind'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΒΟΛΟΣ, ΑΣΤΑΤΟΣ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G4169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: POY-oys

Translations: what kind of, what sort of, what, which, of what kind, of what sort, to what kind of, to what sort of, to what, to which

Notes: This word is an interrogative adjective, meaning 'what kind of' or 'what sort of'. It is used to ask about the quality, nature, or type of something. It can also function as an indefinite adjective, meaning 'some kind of' or 'a certain kind of', though less commonly in this form. In the provided examples, it is used in an interrogative sense, asking about the nature of the 'words' (λόγοις).

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΙΟΣ (poios) is derived from the interrogative pronominal stem *po-, which is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷo-, meaning 'who, what'.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-RAY-san-toh

Translations: they used, they made use of, they dealt with, they treated

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'chraomai'. It means 'they used' or 'they made use of' something, often implying a practical application or interaction. It can also convey the sense of 'they dealt with' or 'they treated' someone or something in a particular manner.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΑΙ, ΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΧΡΑΟΜΑΙ (chraomai) is derived from the root ΧΡΑΩ (chraō), meaning 'to need' or 'to desire'. It evolved to signify 'to use' or 'to employ' something to satisfy a need or desire.

G3780

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-khee

Translations: no, not, by no means, certainly not

Notes: This word is a strong negative particle, used to express an emphatic 'no' or 'not'. It is often used when the speaker expects a negative answer or wants to strongly deny something. It can stand alone as an answer or be used to negate a verb or a phrase, emphasizing the denial more strongly than a simple 'οὐ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From οὐ (ou) and the enclitic particle χί (chi), which adds emphasis. It is a strengthened form of the simple negative particle οὐ.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G5006

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TA-la-nes

Translations: wretched, unhappy, miserable, wretched ones, unhappy ones, miserable ones

Notes: This word describes someone who is in a state of deep misery, distress, or unhappiness. It can be used to express pity or condemnation, often translated as 'wretched' or 'unhappy.' It functions as an adjective and can be used substantively to refer to 'wretched ones' or 'unhappy ones.'

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΘΛΙΟΣ, ΔΥΣΤΥΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΛΑΣ (talas) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the idea of enduring or suffering.

G3029

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G0453

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-NOH-ee-toy

Translations: foolish, senseless, unwise, unintelligent

Notes: This word describes someone who lacks understanding, is thoughtless, or is foolish. It implies a deficiency in mental perception or moral discernment, often used to rebuke those who act without proper consideration or wisdom. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are slow to understand spiritual truths or who act contrary to reason.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine; Plural, Nominative, Feminine; Plural, Vocative, Masculine; Plural, Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΦΡΩΝ, ΜΩΡΟϹ, ΑΣΥΝΕΤΟϹ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'νοητός' (noētos), meaning 'perceptible by the mind' or 'intelligible'. Thus, it literally means 'not intelligible' or 'without understanding'.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-LOON-tos

Translations: of calling, of inviting, of naming, of summoning, of being called, of being invited, of being named, of being summoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call,' 'to invite,' 'to name,' or 'to summon.' As a genitive singular participle, it describes the action of 'one who is calling' or 'one who is being called,' depending on the voice. It functions like an adjective or noun, modifying another noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Present, Active or Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

G2108

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-er-geh-SEE-ah

Translations: benefit, a benefit, good deed, kindness, a kindness

Notes: This noun refers to a good deed, a kindness, or a benefit. It describes an act of benevolence or a favor bestowed upon someone. It is often used in contexts where one person provides assistance or a positive service to another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΔΩΡΕΑ, ΑΓΑΘΟΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word 'εὐεργέτης' (euergetēs), meaning 'benefactor', which itself comes from 'εὖ' (eu, well) and 'ἔργον' (ergon, work/deed). It literally means 'well-doing' or 'good work'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LOON-tos

Translations: of one calling alongside, of one exhorting, of one comforting, of one entreating, of one appealing, of one encouraging

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parakaleo'. It describes someone who is in the act of calling alongside, exhorting, comforting, entreating, or encouraging. As a genitive singular masculine or neuter participle, it often translates as 'of one who is exhorting' or 'of him who is comforting', indicating possession or source.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΛΗΤΟΣ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEE-eh-men

Translations: we believe, we trust, we are convinced, we commit, we entrust

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It indicates an action of faith, reliance, or conviction. It can be used to express belief in a person, a concept, or a divine entity, or to signify entrusting something to someone. The form 'ΠΙΣΘΙΗΜΕΝ' specifically refers to the action being performed by 'we' (first person plural).

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΜΕΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΟΜΕΝ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2756

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KEH-noys

Translations: (to) empty, (to) vain, (to) foolish, (to) worthless, (to) void, (to) hollow

Notes: This word describes something as empty, vain, or worthless. It can refer to a physical emptiness, a lack of substance, or a metaphorical emptiness, such as vain thoughts or foolish ideas. It is often used to describe things that are without purpose or value. In the provided examples, it modifies nouns like 'will' (βουλήμασιν) and 'words' (ρήμασιν), indicating that they are empty or vain.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΝΩΦΕΛΗΣ, ΑΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

G2165

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-FRAI-noh-men

Translations: we rejoice, we are glad, we make merry, we are joyful

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It describes the act of experiencing joy or happiness, often in a celebratory context. It can also mean 'to make merry' or 'to gladden' someone else, though in this form it is reflexive or passive, indicating the subject is rejoicing.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΧΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word εὐφραίνω (euphrainō) is derived from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'heart'. Thus, it literally means 'to be well-minded' or 'to be in good spirits'.

G2287

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: thah-nah-tee-PHO-ron

Translations: deadly, death-bringing, fatal, mortal

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'death-bringing' or 'deadly'. It describes something that causes death or is capable of causing death. It can be used to describe a disease, a weapon, an action, or any other thing that has fatal consequences.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΙΜΟΣ, ΘΑΝΑΣΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ (thanatos), meaning 'death', and ΦΟΡΟΣ (phoros), meaning 'bearing' or 'carrying', derived from ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), 'to bear, carry'. Thus, it literally means 'death-bearing'.

G0543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pee-THEE-ahn

Translations: disobedience, unbelief, a disobedience, an unbelief

Notes: This word refers to a state of disobedience or unbelief, often implying a refusal to be persuaded or to trust. It describes a condition of being unpersuadable or unfaithful, particularly in a religious or moral context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΙΑ, ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΙΘΙΑ (apithia) is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'πειθώ' (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it signifies a state of not being persuaded or not obeying.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tol-MOH-meh

Translations: we dare, we venture, we presume, we are bold

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to dare,' 'to venture,' or 'to be bold.' It describes the act of undertaking something with courage or audacity, often implying a willingness to take risks or act presumptuously. It can be used in contexts where someone is brave enough to do something, or where they are acting with excessive confidence or impudence.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G2756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: keh-no-dox-EE-an

Translations: vainglory, empty glory, conceit, a vainglory

Notes: This word refers to empty or baseless glory, conceit, or a desire for recognition that is not founded on true merit. It describes a state of mind where one seeks praise or admiration for superficial reasons, often leading to pride or arrogance. It is a compound word formed from 'κενός' (kenos), meaning 'empty' or 'vain,' and 'δόξα' (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion.' In a sentence, it would describe the quality or act of being vain or conceited.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: tow-TEEN

Translations: this, this one, this thing, her, it

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΑΥΤΗΝ (TAUTEN). It is the accusative singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'this one'. It is used to point out something specific, often referring to a feminine noun or concept previously mentioned or understood from context. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-EE-so-men

Translations: we will have mercy, we will show pity, let us have mercy, may we have mercy, that we may have mercy

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have mercy' or 'to show pity'. It can function as a future active indicative, indicating an action that will happen in the future, or as an aorist active subjunctive, often used in hortatory contexts to express an exhortation or proposal, such as 'let us have mercy'. It describes the act of feeling or showing compassion towards someone in need.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future Active Indicative or Aorist Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΛΕΕΩ (eleeō) is derived from the noun ΕΛΕΟΣ (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'. It signifies the act of showing compassion or kindness.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G2697

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-toyk-tee-ROH-men

Translations: let us have compassion, let us pity, let us feel pity for

Notes: This word means to have compassion, to pity, or to feel pity for someone. It is often used to express a deep sense of sympathy or mercy towards others. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and οἰκτίρω (OIKTIRO), meaning 'to pity' or 'to have compassion'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of pity.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΕΩ, ΟΙΚΤΙΡΩ

G1760

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-thoo-mee-THOH-men

Translations: let us consider, let us reflect, let us ponder, let us think about

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to consider,' 'to reflect upon,' or 'to ponder.' It implies a deep mental engagement with a thought or idea, often leading to a conclusion or decision. It is used to encourage a group to think carefully about something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Passive (or Middle)

Synonyms: LOGIZOMAI, ANALOGIZOMAI, DIALOGIZOMAI

Etymology: From the prefix EN- (in, into) and THYMOS (mind, spirit, passion). The verb literally means 'to take into one's mind' or 'to put into the heart/spirit'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pee-THOO-ntes

Translations: disobeying, being disobedient, refusing to believe, being unpersuaded

Notes: This is the present active participle, masculine or feminine, nominative plural of the verb ἀπειθέω (apeitheō). It describes someone who is actively in a state of disobedience, unbelief, or refusal to be persuaded. It implies a willful resistance to authority, truth, or persuasion. It is often used in contexts where people reject divine commands or the message of the Gospel.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: APISTEO, ANUPOTAKTOS

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-gno-SEH-tai

Translations: will pardon, will forgive, will excuse, will understand, will know together

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pardon' or 'to forgive'. It is often used in the context of excusing someone for a fault or understanding their situation. It can also imply a shared understanding or knowledge. The form 'ΣΥΝΓΝΩΣΕΤΑΙ' specifically refers to a future action, indicating that someone 'will pardon' or 'will forgive'.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: THEE-ah

Translations: unknown

Notes: It is not clear what this word means. It appears to be a fragment or a misspelling, as 'ΘΙΑ' itself is not a recognized standalone word in Koine Greek. It might be part of a larger word, such as the ending of a feminine noun (e.g., κακοπαθία, 'kakopathia', meaning 'suffering' or 'hardship', as seen in the first example sentence) or a proper noun (e.g., ΚΑΡΙΩΘΙΑΡΟΜ, 'Kariothiarom', as seen in the third example sentence). Without further context or diacritics, its meaning cannot be determined.

Inflection: Unknown

G1349

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEE-kay

Translations: justice, right, judgment, penalty, a justice, a right, a judgment, a penalty

Notes: This word refers to the concept of justice, right, or judgment. It can also denote a penalty or punishment, especially one that is deserved. It is used to describe what is morally right or legally due, often in the context of a legal process or divine retribution.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΕΚΔΙΚΗΣΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the concept of showing or pointing out, thus referring to what is 'pointed out' as right or just.

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-AH-go-men

Translations: we lead out, we bring out, we take out, we drive out, we go out, we depart

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ex-' (out of, from) and the verb 'ago' (to lead, to bring). It means to lead, bring, or take something or someone out of a place. It can also mean to go out or depart oneself. The meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, but it always conveys the idea of movement from an interior to an exterior.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΑΓΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G2234

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HAY-dis-too

Translations: of the sweetest, of the most pleasant, of a sweetest, of a most pleasant

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective ἩΔΥΣ (hēdys), meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. As a superlative, ΗΔΙΣΤΟΥ means 'of the sweetest' or 'of the most pleasant'. It describes something that is supremely agreeable or delightful, often in terms of taste, smell, or general experience. It functions as a modifier indicating possession or relationship to the 'sweetest' or 'most pleasant' quality.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΛΥΚΥΣ, ΤΕΡΠΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sweh₂d- (sweet, pleasant). It is related to English 'sweet' and Latin 'suavis'.

G1100

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gly-KEH-os

Translations: (of) sweet, (of) a sweet

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'sweet' or 'pleasant'. It is used to describe something that is agreeable to the taste, or metaphorically, something that is delightful or pleasing to the senses or mind. It can be used to describe things like food, drink, or even experiences and circumstances.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΔΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'γλυκύς' (glykys) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'sweet'. It is related to words for sweetness in various Indo-European languages.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G2755

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-noh-dox-EH-soh-men

Translations: let us be vainglorious, let us boast, let us be conceited

Notes: This is a verb meaning "to be vainglorious" or "to boast." It is a compound word formed from "empty" (κενός) and "glory" or "opinion" (δόξα), literally meaning "to have empty glory." It describes the act of seeking or displaying empty, worthless glory, often implying conceit or a desire for recognition without substance. It is used to caution against pride or self-importance.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4761

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: STREB-lay

Translations: perverse, crooked, twisted, a perverse (thing/person)

Notes: This word describes something that is twisted, crooked, or distorted, often in a moral or ethical sense, meaning perverse or depraved. It can refer to a person's character, actions, or even a physical path that is not straight. It is used to describe something that deviates from what is right or proper.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΛΙΟΣ, ΔΙΕΣΤΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΕΒΛΟΣ (streblos) comes from the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to twist'. It describes something that has been turned or twisted out of its proper shape or course.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'οὐ' (not) and the enclitic particle 'δέ' (but, and). The apostrophe indicates an elision, meaning the final vowel of 'οὐδέ' has been dropped before a word starting with a vowel. It functions to negate a preceding statement or to introduce an additional negative element, often translated as 'and not', 'neither', or 'nor'. It can also emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (particle/conjunction), but the final vowel is elided before a word beginning with a vowel.

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗ, ΟΥΤΕ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mos

Translations: law, a law, principle, custom

Notes: This word refers to a law, a principle, or a custom. It can denote a specific legal code, such as the Mosaic Law, or a general principle or rule. It is often used in a religious or ethical context, referring to divine commandments or established norms of conduct.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΟΛΗ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΚΑΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΝΟΜΟΣ (nomos) comes from the Greek verb νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute, to assign, to apportion'. It originally referred to that which is distributed or assigned, and thus came to mean an established custom or law.

G5399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: foh-bee-THEN-tas

Translations: having feared, being afraid, those who feared, those who were afraid

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'phobeō', meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the noun it modifies. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past, often translated as 'having feared' or 'being afraid'. It is used to describe a group of people who experienced fear.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G1782

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-TEH-tee-keh

Translations: has melted in, has dissolved in, has wasted away in, has consumed in, has been consumed by

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'entēkō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose effects continue into the present. It means 'to melt in, dissolve in, waste away in, or be consumed by' something. It implies a process of gradual decay or absorption within a context.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΗΚΩ, ΣΥΝΤΗΚΩ

Etymology: The verb ΤΗΚΩ (tēkō) means 'to melt, dissolve'. The prefix ΕΝ- (en-) means 'in, into'. The compound verb ΕΝΤΗΚΩ (entēkō) therefore means 'to melt in, dissolve in'.

G5389

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-loh-nee-KEE-ah

Translations: love of contention, strife, dispute, quarrel, contention, a love of contention, a strife, a dispute, a quarrel, a contention

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'philos' (loving) and 'nike' (victory), literally meaning 'love of victory' or 'love of contention'. It describes a strong desire to win or to be superior, often leading to disputes, quarrels, or rivalry. It is used to denote a contentious spirit or the act of contending.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΙΣ, ΜΑΧΗ, ΑΝΤΙΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek noun ΦΙΛΟΣ (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ΝΙΚΗ (nike), meaning 'victory'. It describes the characteristic of loving victory or contention.

G2287

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: thah-nah-tay-PHO-ros

Translations: deadly, death-bringing, fatal

Notes: This is a compound adjective formed from the words for 'death' (thanatos) and 'to bear/carry' (phero). It describes something that brings or carries death, or is capable of causing death. It is used to describe things that are fatal or lethal.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΣΙΜΟΣ, ΟΛΕΘΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of Ancient Greek θάνατος (thánatos, “death”) and φέρω (phérō, “I bear, I carry”).

G2593

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-teh-REE-ah

Translations: endurance, steadfastness, perseverance, patience, a steadfastness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of enduring or persevering through difficult circumstances, often with a sense of steadfastness and patience. It describes the ability to remain firm and constant in one's purpose or faith despite opposition or suffering.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΟΝΗ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΑ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word καρτερός (karteros), meaning 'strong, mighty, steadfast', which is related to κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power'.

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, the present, the present time, a present thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular nominative or accusative form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be present'. It can function as an adjective meaning 'present' or 'being present', or as a noun referring to 'the present time' or 'a present thing'. It describes something that is currently existing or happening.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΣ, ΝΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΩΝ (PARON) comes from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (PARA), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'being beside' or 'being with', conveying the sense of presence.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-tah-rah-XEE-ahs

Translations: (of) imperturbability, (of) tranquility, (of) calmness, (of) serenity

Notes: This word refers to a state of being free from disturbance or agitation, characterized by calmness, tranquility, and imperturbability. It describes a mental state of serene composure, often associated with philosophical concepts of inner peace. It is used to describe the absence of mental or emotional distress.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗΣ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΤΑΡΑΞΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'ταραχή' (tarachē), meaning 'disturbance' or 'agitation'. Thus, it literally means 'without disturbance'.

G4100

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pis-THEN-tes

Translations: having been believed, having been entrusted, having been persuaded, those having been believed, those having been entrusted, those having been persuaded

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning it describes an action that was completed in the past and the subject received the action. It is derived from the verb 'πιστεύω' (PISTEUO), which means 'to believe', 'to trust', or 'to be persuaded'. Therefore, 'πισθέντες' refers to 'those who have been believed', 'those who have been entrusted', or 'those who have been persuaded'. It functions like an adjective or a noun, describing a group of people who underwent this action.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΕΥΘΕΝΤΕΣ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, said, spoke

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'I spoke'. It is a common verb used to report direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The aorist stem εἶπον (eîpon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense forms of 'to say' (like λέγω). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak'.

G0928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-sah-NEE-zeh-sthai

Translations: to torment, to torture, to vex, to distress, to test, to examine

Notes: This word is a verb that describes the act of putting someone or something to the test, often in a severe or painful way. It can refer to physical torture or torment, but also to mental anguish, distress, or severe suffering. It can also mean to examine or scrutinize closely, like testing a metal for purity.

Inflection: Present, Passive or Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word derives from 'βάσανος' (basanos), meaning 'touchstone' or 'test'. Originally, it referred to a stone used to test the purity of gold, and then evolved to mean any test or examination, and eventually, torture as a means of extracting truth or information.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tes

Translations: about to, going to, intending to, destined to, on the point of

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent or a future event that is certain to happen. It often functions like an auxiliary verb, preceding an infinitive to express future intention or destiny. For example, 'about to go' or 'intending to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G1761

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eth-y-MEE-the-san

Translations: they considered, they thought, they pondered, they reflected, they purposed, they remembered

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb enthymeomai. It describes an action completed in the past, where a group of people were caused to think, consider, or ponder something. It can also imply that they remembered or purposed something in their minds.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From the preposition EN (in) and THYMOS (mind, spirit, passion). It literally means 'to be in mind' or 'to take to heart', evolving to mean 'to consider' or 'to reflect'.

G4024

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ree-FROH-nes

Translations: contemptuous, disdainful, scornful, a contemptuous one, a disdainful one, a scornful one

Notes: This word describes someone who looks down upon or despises something, often implying a sense of superiority or indifference. It can be used to characterize a person's attitude towards difficulties, dangers, or even other people, indicating that they are not easily swayed or intimidated by them. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (around, concerning) and 'φρήν' (mind, understanding).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΗΤΗΣ

G3958, G3804

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pa-THOHN

Translations: suffering, having suffered, passions, affections, emotions, experiences, calamities, misfortunes

Notes: This word can function as a participle derived from the verb 'to suffer' (πάσχω), meaning 'having suffered' or 'suffering'. It can also be the genitive plural form of the noun 'πάθος' (pathos), referring to passions, emotions, or experiences, often with a negative connotation like sufferings or calamities. In context, it describes either someone who has undergone an experience or the experiences themselves.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle (Masculine Nominative Singular, Neuter Nominative/Accusative Singular) of ΠΑΣΧΩ; or Genitive Plural (Masculine or Neuter) of ΠΑΘΟΣ

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΑ, ΣΥΜΦΟΡΑΙ, ΠΕΙΡΑΙ

Etymology: The verb πάσχω (paschō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to suffer' or 'to feel'. The noun πάθος (pathos) is derived from this verb, referring to that which is suffered or experienced.

G0009

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: al-gay-doh-NOHN

Translations: of pain, of suffering, of distress, of anguish

Notes: This word refers to a state of physical or mental pain, suffering, or distress. It is used to describe intense discomfort or anguish. In the provided context, it refers to overcoming or being master over such pains.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΩΝ, ΟΔΥΝΩΝ, ΠΑΘΩΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb 'ἀλγέω' (algeō), meaning 'to suffer pain' or 'to feel pain'. It is related to 'ἄλγος' (algos), meaning 'pain' or 'grief'.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G4823

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sym-boo-LEH-oo-tah

Translations: to advise, to counsel, to give counsel, to consult, to deliberate

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συμβουλεύω' (symbouleuō), which means to advise or counsel. It describes the act of giving or taking advice, or engaging in deliberation. The ending '-οτα' suggests a specific grammatical form, likely a participle or a rare verbal adjective, but in Koine Greek without diacritics, it's most commonly interpreted as a form of the verb 'to advise' or 'to counsel'. Given the ending, it is most likely a misspelling or a very rare/non-standard inflection of the verb 'συμβουλεύω'. It could potentially be a corruption of a form like 'συμβουλευόμεθα' (we are advised/consulting) or 'συμβουλευθέντα' (having been advised, neuter plural). Without diacritics, it's difficult to pinpoint the exact intended form, but the core meaning revolves around giving or receiving counsel.

Inflection: Uncertain; likely a misspelling or rare inflection of a verb form. Potentially a participle or a verbal adjective, possibly neuter plural or related to a first-person plural verb ending. It does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek inflection.

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: HOHS-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, like, exactly as

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is exactly like or in the same manner as something else. The apostrophe at the end (ʼ) indicates a coronis, signifying an elision, meaning the final vowel of ΩΣΠΕΡ has been dropped before a word beginning with a vowel. However, in this specific form, it is most commonly used as a standalone adverb.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form with elision)

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΩΣ (HOS, 'as') and the particle ΠΕΡ (PER, 'indeed, very'). It emphasizes the comparison, meaning 'as indeed' or 'just as'.

G5590