2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having come to, approaching, drawing near, coming forward, those who came to, when they came to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of an action, such as 'when they came to' or 'after they had approached'. It can also function adjectivally, describing 'those who came to'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-oy

Translations: Pharisees

Notes: The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish religious and political party or school of thought in ancient Judea during the Second Temple period. They emphasized strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often contrasting with the Sadducees. They were influential among the common people and are frequently mentioned in the New Testament.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "Pharisee" comes from the Aramaic word "perishaya," meaning "separated ones." This likely refers to their separation from ritual impurity or from other Jewish groups.

G4523

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sahd-doo-KAI-oy

Translations: Sadducees

Notes: The Sadducees were a prominent Jewish sect during the Second Temple period, known for their strict adherence to the written Torah and rejection of oral traditions and the concept of resurrection. They were often associated with the priestly and aristocratic classes in Jerusalem.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Sadducees' is believed to derive from Zadok, the high priest during the time of King David and Solomon, suggesting a connection to the priestly lineage.

G3985

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pei-RAH-zon-tes

Translations: tempting, testing, trying, putting to the test, those who tempt, those who test

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'peirazo', meaning to test, try, or tempt. It describes an action of putting someone or something to the test, often with the intention of discovering their character, ability, or loyalty, or to entice them into wrongdoing. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the subject or the manner of an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΠΕΙΡΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'peirazo' comes from 'peira', meaning 'a trial, an attempt'. It is related to the verb 'perao', meaning 'to pass through, to cross over'.

G1905

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ay-roh-TAY-san

Translations: they asked, they inquired, they questioned

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to ask,' 'to inquire,' or 'to question.' It is often used when someone seeks information or clarification from another person. It can be used in various contexts, such as asking a question, making a request, or consulting someone for advice.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπερωτάω (eperōtaō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ἐρωτάω (erōtaō), meaning 'to ask' or 'to question.'

G4592

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: say-MAY-on

Translations: sign, a sign, mark, a mark, miracle, a miracle, wonder, a wonder

Notes: This word refers to a sign, a mark, or an indication of something. It can also denote a miracle or a wonder, especially one that serves as a divine sign or attestation. It is used to point to something, to distinguish it, or to signify a future event. In a sentence, it might be used like 'the sign of the times' or 'he performed a great sign'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣ, ΕΝΔΕΙΞΙΣ, ΣΥΜΒΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb σημαίνω (sēmainō), meaning 'to show, signify, or indicate'. It is related to σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'a mark, sign, or token'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G2117

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-DEE-ah

Translations: fair weather, a calm, good weather, a calm sea

Notes: This word refers to a state of calm, clear, and pleasant weather, often specifically a calm sea. It is used to describe favorable atmospheric conditions, contrasting with storms or rough seas. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a state of tranquility or peace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΝΗΝΕΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'day' or 'light'. Thus, it literally means 'good day' or 'good weather'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-ra-NOS

Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky

Notes: This word refers to the visible sky, the atmosphere above the earth, or the dwelling place of God and the angels. It is often used in the plural to refer to the heavens, encompassing the celestial bodies and the spiritual realm. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑἸΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It is related to the name of the Greek god Uranus, who personified the sky.

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G4768

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: stoog-NAH-zohn

Translations: being gloomy, looking sad, being sad, looking downcast, being downcast

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being gloomy' or 'looking sad'. It describes someone or something that has a somber or dejected appearance, often due to internal sadness or a foreboding atmosphere. It can be used to describe a person's countenance or, as in the example, the appearance of the sky.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΑΖΩ, ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G1252

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-KREE-nayn

Translations: to distinguish, to judge, to discern, to decide, to separate, to dispute, to doubt

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. It generally means to make a distinction, to judge between things, or to discern. It can also imply making a decision after careful consideration, or even to dispute or doubt. It is used in contexts where one needs to differentiate between options or to make a judgment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΔΙΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-NAH-stheh

Translations: you are able, you can, you may, you all are able, you all can, you all may

Notes: This word means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used in conjunction with an infinitive verb, indicating the ability or capacity to perform an action. For example, 'you are able to do something'. It can also imply permission or possibility.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the root δύνα- (dyna-), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to words like δύναμις (dynamis, 'power') and δυνατός (dynatos, 'powerful').

G1074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-neh-AH

Translations: generation, an age, a race, a kind, a generation, an age

Notes: This word refers to a generation, meaning a period of time (typically around 30-40 years), or a group of people born around the same time. It can also denote a race, lineage, or family, or even a particular kind or class of people. It is used to describe a succession of people or a specific era.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to come into being, to be born, to become'. It refers to that which is begotten or produced.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-NEE-rah

Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, malicious, an evil thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or harmful. It can refer to moral depravity, physical badness, or something that causes trouble or pain. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In the provided examples, it describes 'counsel' (βουλευομενος) as evil and 'things' (implied) that one should not see as evil.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ' comes from 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'. It originally referred to something that caused toil or pain, and later evolved to mean 'evil' or 'wicked' in a moral sense.

G3432

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: moy-KHA-lees

Translations: adulteress, an adulteress, adulterous, unfaithful

Notes: This word refers to a woman who commits adultery, or by extension, someone who is unfaithful. It can be used literally to describe a person engaged in illicit sexual relations, or figuratively to describe a people or generation that is spiritually unfaithful to God, often likened to a marriage covenant. When used as an adjective, it describes something as adulterous or unfaithful.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word μοιχός (moichos), meaning 'adulterer'.

G1934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-zay-TEH-ee

Translations: he seeks, he searches for, he desires, he demands, he requires

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ΖΗΤΕΩ (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to search.' Therefore, ἘΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ means to seek or search for something with intensity, to desire something strongly, or to demand/require something. It implies a focused or persistent search.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑἸΤΕΩ, ἘΚΖΗΤΕΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON

Translations: leaving, forsaking, abandoning, deserting, remaining, being left behind

Notes: ΚΑΤΑΛΙΠΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, meaning 'to leave behind, forsake, abandon, or desert'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down, against) and the verb ΛΕΙΠΩ (to leave). As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often translated as 'having left' or 'by leaving'. It can also imply a state of being left behind or remaining.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΛΕΙΠΩ

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, he departed, he left

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action of moving from one place to another, specifically moving away from a point of reference. It is often used to indicate a final departure or a permanent leaving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4008

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: peh-RAN

Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'

G1950

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-LA-thon-toh

Translations: they forgot, they had forgotten

Notes: This word means "they forgot" or "they had forgotten." It is a compound verb formed from "ἐπί" (upon, over) and "λανθάνομαι" (to forget). It describes the action of someone losing memory of something or someone, often implying a complete or deliberate act of forgetting. It is typically used with a genitive object (of the thing forgotten) or an accusative object (of the person forgotten).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΚΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-eh-teh

Translations: pay attention, take heed, beware, give heed, attend to, apply oneself

Notes: This word means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, to be cautious, or to apply oneself diligently. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command or warning, urging someone to be careful or to listen closely. It can also mean to hold to or devote oneself to something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to direct towards'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4523

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sad-doo-KAI-ohn

Translations: of Sadducees, Sadducees

Notes: This word refers to the Sadducees, a prominent Jewish sect during the Second Temple period, active from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE. They were typically aristocratic and priestly, adhering strictly to the written Torah and rejecting oral traditions, the resurrection of the dead, angels, and spirits. The word is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin, as in 'of the Sadducees'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Sadducee' is believed to derive from Zadok, the high priest during the time of King David and Solomon, suggesting a connection to the priestly lineage.

G1260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-loh-GHEE-zon-toh

Translations: they were reasoning, they were discussing, they were considering, they were deliberating

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon' or 'to consider'. It describes the act of reasoning, discussing, or deliberating thoroughly, often internally or among a small group. It implies a process of careful thought or debate.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΖΗΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-boh-men

Translations: we took, we received, we got, we obtained

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It indicates a completed action in the past by 'we' (the speaker and their group). It can be used in various contexts, such as taking an object, receiving a gift, or obtaining knowledge.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, First Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grasp' or 'to take.' It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-loh-GHEE-zes-theh

Translations: to reason, to consider, to ponder, to discuss, to dispute

Notes: This word means to reason, deliberate, or consider, often internally within one's mind, or sometimes in discussion or dispute with others. It implies a process of weighing thoughts or arguments. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and λογίζομαι (logizomai, meaning 'to reckon' or 'to consider').

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

G3640

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oh-li-GOH-pis-toy

Translations: you of little faith, those of little faith

Notes: This is a compound adjective meaning "of little faith" or "having little faith." It is often used to describe individuals who lack strong trust or confidence, particularly in a divine context. It combines "ὀλίγος" (oligos), meaning "little" or "few," and "πίστις" (pistis), meaning "faith" or "trust." It is typically used as a direct address or to describe a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΟΣ, ΔΕΙΛΟΣ

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G3421

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mnee-moh-NEH-oo-eh-teh

Translations: remember, call to mind, be mindful of, make mention of

Notes: This verb means to remember, to call to mind, or to be mindful of something or someone. It implies an active process of recalling or keeping something in one's thoughts. It is often used in the imperative to command someone to remember.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From μνήμων (mnēmōn, 'mindful, remembering'), which comes from μνάομαι (mnaomai, 'to remember, to call to mind').

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G4214

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-SOOS

Translations: how many, how great, as many as, as great as

Notes: This word is an interrogative and indefinite adjective. As an interrogative, it asks about quantity or size, meaning 'how many?' or 'how great?'. As an indefinite adjective, it refers to an unspecified quantity or size, meaning 'as many as' or 'as great as'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΣΟΣ' is derived from the interrogative pronominal stem 'πο-' (po-) combined with the suffix '-σος' (-sos), indicating quantity or measure. It is related to other interrogative and indefinite pronouns and adjectives in Greek.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4920

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EE-kahn

Translations: understood, comprehended, perceived, discerned

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to understand, comprehend, or perceive, often implying a deep or complete understanding. It is formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (to send, to set in motion), literally meaning 'to send together' or 'to bring together in the mind'. It is used to describe the act of grasping the meaning or significance of something, whether it be words, events, or concepts.

Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-ayn

Translations: to pay attention, to give heed, to attend to, to beware, to apply oneself, to hold to

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb προσέχω. It means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, often implying caution, diligence, or adherence. It can be used to mean 'to pay attention to', 'to be careful', 'to beware of', 'to apply oneself to', or 'to hold to' a teaching or person. It often takes a dative object or a prepositional phrase.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word προσέχω is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to have towards', which developed into the sense of directing one's attention or mind towards something.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G1322

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: di-DA-khees

Translations: of teaching, of doctrine, of instruction, a teaching, a doctrine, an instruction

Notes: This word refers to teaching, instruction, or doctrine. It is used to describe the act of teaching, the content that is taught, or a body of instruction. In this inflected form, it is in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fee-LIP-poo

Translations: (of) Philip

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Philip'. It refers to a person named Philip and is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Philip' or 'Philip's'. It is a common name found in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament and historical writings.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Greek Φίλιππος (Philippos), meaning 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses', derived from φίλος (philos, 'dear, beloved, loving') and ἵππος (hippos, 'horse').

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ROH-tah

Translations: asked, was asking, questioned, was questioning, inquired, was inquiring, requested, was requesting

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to question', or 'to inquire'. It is in the imperfect tense, active voice, and indicative mood, indicating an action that was ongoing, repeated, or in progress in the past. It is used for a third-person singular subject.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΠΥΝΘΆΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΡΩΤΆΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to ask' or 'to speak'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἶπον' (eîpon), which functions as the aorist tense for 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that a group of people 'said' or 'spoke' something. It is used to report direct speech or to state what was communicated by multiple individuals.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ, ΕΦΑΣΑΝ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones

Notes: This word refers to other people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a difference or distinction between entities. For example, it can be used to say 'some others' or 'different ones' in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fay-TON

Translations: of prophets

Notes: This word refers to those who speak for God or interpret His will, often foretelling future events. It is a compound word, combining 'pro' (before, forth) and 'phemi' (to speak). It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or act as spokespersons for God.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' (prophetes) comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks before' (either in time or on behalf of someone).

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOSS

Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One

Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3107

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mah-KAH-ree-os

Translations: blessed, happy, fortunate, a blessed one, a happy one, a fortunate one

Notes: This word describes someone who is blessed, happy, or fortunate. It often refers to a state of inner well-being and contentment, particularly a happiness that comes from divine favor or a favorable condition. It can be used to describe individuals who are divinely favored or those who experience a deep sense of joy and fulfillment.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΔΑΙΜΩΝ, ΟΛΒΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μακάριος' (makarios) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to 'μάκαρ' (makar), meaning 'blessed' or 'happy'. It describes a state of blessedness or happiness, often associated with the gods or those favored by them.

G4561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SARX

Translations: flesh, a flesh, body, a body, human nature, a human nature, mankind, a mankind

Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature. In a broader sense, it can also refer to humanity or mankind. It is often used to contrast the physical, earthly aspect of existence with the spiritual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΑΡΞ (sarx) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4073

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEH-trah

Translations: rock, a rock, stone, a stone

Notes: This word refers to a large mass of stone, a rock, or a cliff. It is a feminine noun and can be used to describe a literal geological formation or metaphorically as a foundation or source of strength. It is often used in contexts referring to solid ground or a place of refuge.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΙΘΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to πίσος (písos, 'pea, pebble'). It refers to a large stone or rock, distinct from λίθος (líthos) which can refer to a smaller stone or pebble.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MAY-soh

Translations: I will build, I will construct, I will erect

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to build a house' or 'to construct' in a general sense. It is formed from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'δομέω' (to build). It is used to describe the act of constructing physical structures, but can also be used metaphorically for building up or establishing something, such as a community or a spiritual edifice. In this form, it indicates an action that will happen in the future.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-an

Translations: assembly, a church, the church, a congregation, the congregation

Notes: This word refers to an assembly or a gathering of people, often for a specific purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out'. It can be used in sentences like 'They gathered the assembly' or 'He spoke to the church'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

G4439

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-lai

Translations: gates, a gate

Notes: This word refers to a gate, typically a large entrance to a city, fortress, or building. In its plural form, it often refers to the collective gates of a city. It can be used literally for physical gates or metaphorically to represent access, power, or authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative; or Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΘΥΡΑ, ΠΥΛΩΝ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the verb 'πελάζω' (pelazo), meaning 'to approach' or 'to bring near', suggesting a place of entry.

G2729

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-ee-skhoo-SOO-sin

Translations: they will prevail, they will be strong, they will overcome, they will overpower

Notes: This word means to be strong, to prevail, or to overcome. It implies a sense of superiority or victory in a contest or struggle. It is used to describe someone or something gaining the upper hand or being able to withstand an opposing force.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΙΣΧΥΩ

Etymology: The word καταϊσχύω (kataischyō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἰσχύω (ischyō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'. Thus, it literally means 'to be strong against' or 'to prevail over'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G1210

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DAY-sace

Translations: you bind, you might bind, you may bind

Notes: This word means 'to bind, tie, fasten, or imprison'. It is often used in a literal sense for physically tying something or someone, but can also be used metaphorically, such as binding by law or obligation, or in the sense of forbidding something. In the provided context, it refers to the act of binding or forbidding.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: From a primary verb, meaning 'to bind'.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G1210

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-non

Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound thing, that which is bound

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been bound or is in a state of being bound. It can refer to a person who is imprisoned or an object that is tied up.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G3089

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: leh-LOO-meh-non

Translations: loosed, released, set free, unbound, dissolved, destroyed, a loosed one, a released one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'λύω' (luō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to set free'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been loosed, released, or set free. It can also refer to something that has been dissolved, destroyed, or untied. In a sentence, it would describe the state of an object or person after an action of loosing or releasing has occurred.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G1291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ess-TEH-lah-toh

Translations: he commanded, he charged, he gave orders, he warned

Notes: This word means to command, charge, or give orders, often with the implication of a warning or strict instruction. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to arrange'. In this form, it describes an action completed in the past by a single male subject, emphasizing the definitive nature of the command or warning given.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-DEH-nee

Translations: to no one, to nothing, for no one, for nothing, by no one, by nothing, with no one, with nothing, in no one, in nothing

Notes: This word is an indefinite negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. It is often used in prohibitions or to state that something is not done by anyone or to anything. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, and as an adjective, it modifies a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē, 'not') and ΕΙΣ (heis, 'one').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G3958

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-THAYN

Translations: to suffer, to experience, to undergo, to endure

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πάσχω' (paschō). It means 'to suffer,' 'to experience,' 'to undergo,' or 'to endure.' It is used to express the action of experiencing something, often something difficult or painful, but it can also refer to experiencing something generally. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to suffer' or 'to experience' and can be used as the object of another verb or to express purpose.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn

Translations: of high priests, of chief priests

Notes: This word refers to those who hold the highest priestly office. In ancient Israel, this was the head of the priesthood, responsible for leading religious ceremonies and sacrifices. In the New Testament, it often refers to the leading members of the Jewish priestly class, including the high priest and other prominent priests.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G1122

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grah-mah-TEH-ohn

Translations: (of) scribes, (of) a scribe, (of) secretaries, (of) a secretary

Notes: This word refers to a scribe, a secretary, or a public notary. In the context of the New Testament, it often refers to those learned in Jewish law, who were responsible for interpreting and teaching it. They were often associated with the Pharisees and were influential figures in Jewish society. It is a compound word, derived from 'gramma' (writing) and 'teus' (one who does).

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΩΝ

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GER-thay-nai

Translations: to be raised, to be awakened, to be aroused, to rise, to arise

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'egeirō'. It means 'to be raised' or 'to be awakened'. It is often used in the context of rising from sleep, rising from a seated or prone position, or being raised from the dead. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often following verbs that indicate a command, necessity, or ability.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G4355

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-la-bo-MEH-nos

Translations: taking, taking to oneself, receiving, associating with, taking along, helping, assuming, admitting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to, toward') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take, receive'). As a participle, it describes an action of taking or receiving, often with the nuance of taking something or someone to oneself, or associating with them. It can imply taking someone along as a companion, receiving someone into one's company, or even assuming a role or responsibility. It is used to describe an ongoing or completed action that functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word προσλαμβάνω is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take, receive'. The combination signifies taking something or someone to oneself or in addition to what one already has.

G2008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-tee-MAN

Translations: to rebuke, to warn, to censure, to admonish, to charge, to command

Notes: This word, in its infinitive form, means to rebuke, warn, or censure someone. It implies a strong disapproval or a command given with authority, often with the intent to prevent further action or to correct behavior. It can be used in contexts where someone is being told off, forbidden from doing something, or given a strict instruction.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἘΛΈΓΧΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΈΩ, ΚΩΛΎΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΤΙΜΆΩ (timao), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. The combination suggests an action of placing a value or judgment upon someone, leading to the sense of rebuking or censuring.

G2436

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-leh-ohs

Translations: gracious, merciful, propitious, favorable

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is gracious, merciful, or propitious, often in a religious context, indicating a favorable disposition, especially from God. It can be used to describe God's willingness to forgive or show favor. It is often used in prayers or supplications, asking for mercy or favor.

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΟΣ, ΕΛΕΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb ἱλάσκομαι (hilaskomai), meaning 'to propitiate' or 'to make atonement'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: stra-FEIS

Translations: having turned, having turned around, having returned, having been turned, having been changed

Notes: ΣΤΡΑΦΕΙΣ is a participle derived from the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, meaning 'to turn' or 'to turn around'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can mean 'having turned' or 'having been turned,' depending on whether it's active or passive. It often implies a change of direction, position, or even a change in one's life or attitude.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G3694

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: O-PI-so

Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.

G4625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKAN-da-lon

Translations: stumbling block, an offense, a snare, trap, cause of ruin

Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or impediment that causes someone to stumble or fall, either literally or figuratively. It can also mean a snare or trap. In a moral or spiritual sense, it denotes anything that causes someone to sin, fall away from faith, or be led astray.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to limp' or 'to stumble'. It originally referred to the movable stick or trigger of a trap, which, when touched, caused the trap to spring shut.

G5426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: phro-NEH-ees

Translations: you think, you understand, you set your mind on, you are minded, you are wise, you are prudent

Notes: This word means to think, to have understanding, or to set one's mind on something. It can also imply being wise or prudent. It is used to describe the mental attitude or disposition of a person, indicating what they are focused on or how they perceive things. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'you think about these things' or 'you are minded to do good'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-RAH-toh

Translations: let him take up, let him lift, let him carry

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take up,' 'to lift,' or 'to carry.' It is often used in the context of taking up a burden or responsibility. In the provided example, it refers to taking up one's cross, symbolizing the acceptance of suffering or sacrifice.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to lift' or 'to raise.'

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G2309, G2307

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: THEH-lee

Translations: to wish, to desire, to will, to want, will, desire, purpose

Notes: The word "ΘΕΛΗ" is not a standard standalone word in Koine Greek. It appears to be a truncated or inflected form, most likely related to the verb "ΘΕΛΩ" (to wish, to desire, to will) or the noun "ΘΕΛΗΜΑ" (will, desire, purpose). In the provided context, it seems to function as a noun meaning 'will' or 'desire', or as part of a verb form. It is possible it is a misspelling or an unusual inflection.

Inflection: Uncertain, potentially a truncated form of a noun or verb, or a misspelling. If a noun, it would be Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Accusative. If a verb, it would be a form of the verb 'to will'.

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-see

Translations: he will destroy, she will destroy, it will destroy, he will perish, she will perish, it will perish

Notes: This is the third person singular, future active indicative form of the verb ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ (apollymi). It means 'he/she/it will destroy' or 'he/she/it will perish'. The verb can be used transitively to mean 'to destroy, to ruin, to put an end to' or intransitively to mean 'to perish, to be lost, to die'. Its meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ὈΛΕΘΡΕΥΣΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΣΩ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EN-eh-ken

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of, (of) for, (of) by reason of

Notes: ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an improper preposition that typically takes the genitive case, meaning 'because of' or 'on account of'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'for this reason' or 'therefore'. It is used to express the cause or reason behind an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect; takes the genitive case when used as a preposition.

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an ancient Greek word, likely formed from the preposition 'en' (in) and a form related to 'heka' (on account of). It has been in use since classical Greek and continued into Koine Greek.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-REE-say

Translations: he will find, she will find, it will find, you will find (singular)

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. It is used to indicate that someone or something will locate or come across something in the future. It can also imply a discovery or an invention. It is a compound word, formed from the prefix 'ευ-' (eu-), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the root 'ρισκω' (riskō), which relates to finding or searching.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular, or Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5623

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-feh-lay-THEE-seh-tai

Translations: he will be profited, he will be benefited, he will gain

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be helped, benefited, or profited. It is in the future passive voice, indicating that the subject will receive the benefit or advantage from an action, rather than performing it. It describes a future state of being advantaged or gaining something.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΡΔΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ὠφελέω (ōpheleō) comes from ὄφελος (ophelos), meaning 'help, advantage, profit'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek term related to usefulness and benefit.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G3650

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HO-lon

Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.

G0465

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-TAL-lag-ma

Translations: exchange, an exchange, equivalent, an equivalent, ransom, a ransom, compensation, a compensation, price, a price

Notes: This word refers to something given or received in exchange for something else, often as a substitute or equivalent. It can denote a price paid, a ransom, or compensation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in place of' or 'instead of', and the verb ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to exchange'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΥΤΡΟΝ, ἈΝΤΙΛΥΤΡΟΝ, ἈΜΟΙΒΗ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΤΑΛΛΑΓΜΑ is derived from the verb ἀνταλλάσσω (antallassō), meaning 'to exchange' or 'to give in exchange'. It is formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in place of' or 'instead of', and ἀλλάσσω (allassō), meaning 'to change' or 'to exchange'.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-say

Translations: glory, a glory, honor, an honor, splendor, a splendor, majesty, a majesty, renown, a renown, reputation, a reputation, dignity, a dignity

Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, splendor, or majesty. It can describe the inherent nature of God, the visible manifestation of His presence, or the esteem and reputation of a person. It is often used in contexts of praise, worship, or divine revelation. It can also refer to human reputation or dignity.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΞΑ (doxa) comes from the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose'. Over time, it evolved to mean 'opinion, reputation, honor, and then glory'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ang-GEH-lohn

Translations: of angels, of messengers

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ἈΓΓΕΛΟΣ' (angelos), which means 'messenger' or 'angel'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to using 'of' in English. Therefore, 'ἈΓΓΕΛΩΝ' typically translates to 'of angels' or 'of messengers', indicating something belonging to or related to multiple angels or messengers.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΩΝ

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DOH-see

Translations: he will give back, he will pay back, he will render, he will restore, he will repay

Notes: This word describes the action of giving something back, paying a debt, or rendering what is due. It often implies a return or restoration, whether of an object, a payment, or a consequence. It can be used in contexts of repayment, retribution, or fulfilling an obligation.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΤΙΝΩ, ἈΝΤΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0281

Part of Speech: Adverb, Interjection

Sounds like: ah-MEN

Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it

Notes: This word is used to express affirmation, agreement, or a solemn declaration. It can be translated as 'truly' or 'verily' when used to emphasize a statement, or as 'Amen' at the end of prayers, hymns, or declarations to signify 'so be it' or 'let it be so'. It conveys a sense of certainty and truth.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn' (אָמֵן), meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hess-TOH-tohn

Translations: of those standing, of those who stand, of those who have stood, of those who are standing, of those who are present

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having stood' or 'standing'. It is used to describe people or things that are in a standing position or have taken a stand. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'of those who are standing' or 'of those who have stood'. It can also refer to those who are present or established.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΝ, ΕΝΕΣΤΩΣ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DOH-sin

Translations: they may see, they might see, they may perceive, they might perceive, they may know, they might know

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to see', 'to perceive', or 'to know'. It is often used in a literal sense of physical sight, but can also be used figuratively to mean understanding or coming to know something. As a subjunctive form, it often expresses possibility, desire, or purpose, translating as 'they may see' or 'they might see'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ὉΡΑΩ

Etymology: The root ΕἸΔΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'wit' and 'idea'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ER-kho-me-non

Translations: coming, going, about to come, the coming one, that which is coming, a coming thing

Notes: This word is a present participle, indicating an action that is in progress or about to happen. It describes something or someone that is 'coming' or 'going'. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantivally, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'the one coming' or 'that which is coming'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΑ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΑ

G0932