2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3957

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PAS-kha

Translations: Passover

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Passover, which commemorates the liberation of the Israelites from slavery in ancient Egypt. It is a central event in the Old Testament and is observed annually. In the New Testament, it is often associated with the sacrifice of Jesus Christ.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The word "ΠΑΣΧΑ" is a transliteration of the Aramaic word "pasḥā" (פַּסְחָא), which itself comes from the Hebrew word "pesaḥ" (פֶּסַח). This Hebrew word is derived from the verb "pasach" (פָּסַח), meaning "to pass over" or "to spare," referring to the angel of death passing over the houses of the Israelites during the tenth plague in Egypt.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-di-DOH-tai

Translations: is handed over, is delivered, is betrayed, is given up

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. In its passive form, as seen here, it means to be handed over, delivered, or given up, often in a context of surrender, betrayal, or tradition. It describes an action where something or someone is transferred from one party to another, sometimes against their will or for a specific purpose.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΟΤΑΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΟΤΑΙ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EEKH-theh-san

Translations: they were gathered, they assembled, they came together

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be gathered together or to assemble. It describes a group of people coming together in one place, often for a specific purpose or in response to an event. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of bringing or leading things or people together.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REIS

Translations: high priest, chief priest, a high priest, chief priests

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the head of the priestly order, particularly the chief religious official in ancient Israel. In the plural, 'chief priests' often refers to the leading members of the priestly class, including the current high priest, former high priests, and heads of the priestly families. It is used to denote those with significant religious authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOH-meh-noo

Translations: (of) said, (of) called, (of) named, (of) spoken of, (of) being said, (of) being called

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it means 'of one who is being said' or 'of one who is being called/named'. It often refers to someone or something that is commonly known by a certain name or description.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΥ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'λέγω' (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *leǵ-, meaning 'to gather, collect', which evolved to 'to pick out, choose' and then 'to speak' or 'to say' in Greek, implying the 'picking out' of words.

G4823

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-voo-LEH-oo-san-toh

Translations: they consulted, they advised, they took counsel together, they deliberated

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative, middle voice, third person plural form of the verb συμβουλεύω (symbouleuō). It describes an action where a group of people consulted with each other, advised one another, or deliberated together. It implies a mutual exchange of counsel or ideas.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word συμβουλεύω (symbouleuō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βουλεύω (bouleuō), meaning 'to counsel' or 'to plan'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G2424

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON

Translations: Jesus, Joshua

Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1858

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TEE

Translations: feast, a feast, festival, a festival, holiday, a holiday

Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or holiday, a time of celebration and special observance. It is often used in the context of Jewish or Christian religious feasts. It can be used to denote the specific day of a festival or the entire period of celebration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though it can appear in other cases and numbers depending on context, e.g., Genitive as in ΕΟΡΤΗΣ)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΟΡΤΗ comes from an older Greek word, perhaps related to a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to celebrate'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to public festivals or holidays.

G2351

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THO-roo-bos

Translations: tumult, an uproar, a disturbance, a noise, a clamor

Notes: This word refers to a loud noise, a commotion, or a state of disorder and confusion, often caused by a crowd or a group of people. It can describe a general disturbance, an uproar, or the noise associated with a crowd's activity. It is used to describe situations ranging from a simple noise to a violent riot.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ, ΗΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb θορέω (thoreō), meaning 'to leap, to spring up', suggesting a sense of agitation or commotion.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-noo

Translations: having become, having come to pass, of having become, of having come to pass

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a genitive singular participle, it often indicates a causal or temporal relationship, meaning 'of one who has become' or 'when something has happened.' It describes an action that has already taken place and is often used to modify a noun in the genitive case.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

G0963

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beh-thah-NEE-ah

Translations: Bethany

Notes: Bethany is a proper noun referring to a specific village located near Jerusalem, on the Mount of Olives. It is frequently mentioned in the New Testament as the home of Mary, Martha, and Lazarus, and a place where Jesus often stayed when visiting Jerusalem. It is also the site of Lazarus's resurrection and Jesus's ascension.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Bethany' is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'house of dates' or 'house of figs', or possibly 'house of misery/affliction'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-oo-sah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, a having one, a possessing one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding'. It describes an ongoing action of possession or holding. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also act as a verb within a clause. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the nominative case, indicating the subject of a sentence or a predicate nominative.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΗ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession or state.

G0211

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lah-BAS-tron

Translations: alabaster, alabaster box, alabaster jar, an alabaster box, an alabaster jar

Notes: This word refers to a small container, typically a box or jar, made from alabaster, a soft, translucent stone. These containers were commonly used to hold precious ointments or perfumes, often with a narrow neck that could be sealed to preserve the contents. The material, alabaster, was valued for its beauty and ability to keep liquids cool.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: The word comes from Greek 'alabastros', referring to a type of stone, often used for vessels without handles. It is thought to be derived from 'a-' (privative, meaning 'not') and 'labē' (handle), suggesting a vessel without handles, or from the name of the city Alabastron in Egypt, where the stone was quarried.

G2722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tekh-EH-en

Translations: to hold fast, to hold back, to restrain, to possess, to occupy, to keep, to retain, to hold down, to suppress, to check, to hinder, to seize, to take possession of

Notes: This verb describes the action of holding something firmly, whether literally holding an object, or metaphorically holding back, restraining, or possessing something. It can imply keeping something in one's power or preventing something from happening. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often indicating control or retention.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΕΧΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. This combination suggests the idea of holding something down or holding it firmly.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0345

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-KEE-meh-noo

Translations: of those reclining, of those lying down, of those at table, of those feasting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ανακειμαι', meaning 'to recline' or 'to lie down'. It often refers to people reclining at a meal, which was a common practice in ancient times. Therefore, it can also mean 'to be at table' or 'to feast'. In this genitive plural form, it refers to 'of those who are reclining' or 'of those who are at table'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter, Middle or Passive Voice, Present Tense

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΙΝΩ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0684

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-LEH-yah

Translations: destruction, ruin, perishing, waste, loss, perdition

Notes: This word refers to a state of ruin, destruction, or utter loss. It can describe physical destruction, but often carries a stronger sense of spiritual or eternal ruin, especially in religious contexts. It implies a complete undoing or perishing, rather than mere damage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ὈΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΚΑΤΑΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: From ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi), meaning 'to destroy, lose', which is formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ὄλλυμι (ollymi, 'to destroy, lose').

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DY-nah-toh

Translations: was able, could, had power

Notes: This word is the imperfect tense of the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It describes an ongoing or repeated ability or capacity in the past. It is often used to express that someone 'could' or 'was able' to do something, or 'had the power' to do it, but the action might not have been completed or was a continuous state.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἸΣΧΥΩ, ἘΞΕΣΤΙΝ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pra-THEE-nai

Translations: to be sold, to be bought, to be put up for sale

Notes: This is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'pipraskō', meaning 'to sell'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to be sold' or 'for sale'. It indicates the action of being sold, rather than the act of selling by an agent. It can be used in various constructions where the action of being sold is the focus, such as after prepositions or as the subject or object of another verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΩΛΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-THEE-nai

Translations: to be given, to be granted, to be bestowed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, 'δοθῆναι' means 'to be given' or 'to be granted'. It describes an action of receiving something without specifying who is doing the giving. It is often used in constructions where the subject of the main verb is the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΙΝ, ΠΑΡΕΧΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present tense verb, characteristic of many ancient Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G2873

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KO-poos

Translations: toil, labor, trouble, weariness, effort, hardship

Notes: This word refers to strenuous labor, effort, or the trouble and weariness that results from such work. It can describe physical exertion, mental effort, or the distress caused by difficulties. It is often used in contexts describing hard work or suffering.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΜΟΧΘΟΣ, ΚΑΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike, cut, or beat', which implies the effort and exertion involved in such actions. The noun form then refers to the result or process of this strenuous activity.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bah-LOO-sah

Translations: throwing, casting, putting, placing, laying, striking, a throwing, a casting, a putting, a placing, a laying, a striking

Notes: ΒΑΛΟΥΣΑ is a participle derived from the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ, which means 'to throw,' 'to cast,' 'to put,' or 'to place.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by a noun or pronoun. It can indicate a simultaneous action or a preceding action, depending on the context. For example, it could describe a woman who is 'throwing' or 'having thrown' something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G3464

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOO-ron

Translations: ointment, an ointment, perfume, a perfume, myrrh

Notes: This word refers to a fragrant oil, ointment, or perfume, often made from myrrh or other aromatic substances. It was commonly used for anointing, for medicinal purposes, for burial preparations, or simply as a pleasant fragrance.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΙΟΝ, ΑΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "μύρον" is of Semitic origin, likely related to the Hebrew word "mor" (מֹר), meaning myrrh. It entered Greek through trade and cultural exchange.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G0281

Part of Speech: Adverb, Interjection

Sounds like: ah-MEN

Translations: Amen, truly, verily, so be it

Notes: This word is used to express affirmation, agreement, or a solemn declaration. It can be translated as 'truly' or 'verily' when used to emphasize a statement, or as 'Amen' at the end of prayers, hymns, or declarations to signify 'so be it' or 'let it be so'. It conveys a sense of certainty and truth.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Hebrew word 'āmēn' (אָמֵן), meaning 'certainly', 'truly', or 'so be it'. It is derived from a root meaning 'to be firm' or 'to be reliable'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G2098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on

Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, the good news

Notes: This word refers to a message of good news or glad tidings. In a religious context, particularly in Christianity, it specifically refers to the good news of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΜΗΝΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ is derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement', which itself comes from ἈΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angello), 'to announce'. It originally referred to a reward for bringing good news, and later to the good news itself.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G3422

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnee-MO-sy-non

Translations: memorial, remembrance, a memorial, a remembrance

Notes: This word refers to something that serves as a reminder or a monument, often commemorating a person, event, or covenant. It can be used to describe an act of remembrance, a physical object, or a lasting legacy.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΗ, ΥΠΟΜΝΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word μνήμη (mnēmē), meaning 'memory' or 'remembrance'. It refers to something that brings to mind or preserves the memory of a person or event.

G4198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: por-yoo-THEYS

Translations: having gone, going, departing, proceeding

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle derived from the verb 'poreuō', meaning 'to go' or 'to depart'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring. It often indicates the manner or circumstance of the main verb's action, such as 'having gone, he did X' or 'going, he did X'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS

Translations: Judas, Judah

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.

G2469

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: is-ka-ree-OH-tays

Translations: Iscariot

Notes: This word is a surname or epithet, most famously associated with Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus. It is used to distinguish him from other individuals named Judas. The exact meaning of 'Iscariot' is debated, but it is often thought to mean 'man of Kerioth' or 'dagger-man'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The origin of 'Iscariot' is uncertain, but it is widely believed to derive from the Hebrew 'Ish Kerioth', meaning 'man of Kerioth', referring to a town in Judea. Another theory suggests it comes from 'sicarius', meaning 'dagger-man' or 'assassin'.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-DOH-soh

Translations: I will hand over, I will deliver, I will give up, I will betray

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It means to hand over, deliver, or transmit something or someone. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a person into custody, handing over a tradition, or even betraying someone.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood, they stood still, they set, they appointed, they established

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'histēmi'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point. It can mean 'they stood' or 'they stood still', indicating a state of being or a cessation of movement. It can also mean 'they set' or 'they appointed', referring to the act of placing something or establishing a rule or person in a position.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5144

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: tree-AH-kon-tah

Translations: thirty

Notes: This word means 'thirty' and is used to denote the number 30. It functions as an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It is typically used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of thirty units.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From τρεῖς (treis, “three”) and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”), indicating multiples of ten. It is cognate with Latin triginta and English thirty.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ZAY-tay

Translations: he was seeking, she was seeking, it was seeking, he sought, she sought, it sought

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ζητέω' (zēteō), meaning 'to seek,' 'to look for,' 'to inquire,' or 'to demand.' The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted or begun. It indicates that someone or something was in the process of seeking or looking for something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑἸΤΕΩ, ἘΚΖΗΤΕΩ

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-ZOO-mon

Translations: of unleavened (things), of unleavened bread, of the Feast of Unleavened Bread

Notes: This word refers to something that is unleavened, meaning it has not been raised with yeast or leaven. It is commonly used in the context of bread, specifically unleavened bread, which is flat and crisp. In a broader sense, it can refer to the Jewish Feast of Unleavened Bread (Passover), during which only unleavened bread is consumed. It is an adjective that is often used substantively as a noun.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΖΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἄζυμος (azymos) is a compound word formed from the privative prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and ζύμη (zymē), meaning 'leaven' or 'yeast'. Thus, it literally means 'without leaven'.

G2090

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-toy-MAH-so-men

Translations: let us prepare, that we may prepare, we should prepare

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. It is used to express a command or exhortation for a group (us) to perform the action of preparing. It can also indicate purpose or a potential action.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἑτοιμάζω (hetoimazō) comes from the adjective ἕτοιμος (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-nah

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, dire, awful, grievous, severe, terrible things, dreadful things

Notes: This word describes something that is terrible, dreadful, or severe. It can refer to things that cause fear, great difficulty, or intense suffering. In its plural form, it often refers to 'terrible things' or 'dire circumstances'. It is used to emphasize the gravity or intensity of a situation, event, or punishment.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PAH-teh

Translations: you said, you spoke, say, speak

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to convey a command or a statement directed at a group of people. It can be translated as 'you said' (referring to a past action by a group) or 'say!' / 'speak!' (as a command to a group).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural (you said) OR Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural (say! / speak!)

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΠΩ is a primary verb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is a very old verb with a complex history, often considered to be of uncertain or pre-Greek origin, though it has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G1320

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: di-DAS-ka-los

Translations: teacher, a teacher, master, instructor

Notes: This word refers to a teacher, instructor, or master. It is used to denote someone who imparts knowledge or provides instruction, often in a formal or authoritative capacity. It can be used in various contexts, from a general educator to a religious or philosophical leader.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ, ΡΑΒΒΙ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διδάσκω (didaskō), meaning 'to teach', combined with the suffix -καλος (-kalos), which forms nouns indicating a person who performs the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who teaches'.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-ROS

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, appointed time, an appointed time, opportune time, an opportune time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical moment or a season of activity, as opposed to chronological time (chronos). It is used to denote the right or proper time for something to happen or be done.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology of 'ΚΑΙΡΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κείρω' (keirō), meaning 'to cut', possibly referring to a 'cut' or 'decisive' moment in time.

G1451

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective, Preposition

Sounds like: eng-GYS

Translations: near, close, at hand, nigh

Notes: This word indicates proximity, either in terms of physical distance (near, close) or temporal closeness (at hand, imminent). It is often used to describe something that is about to happen or is very close in time. It can function adverbially, modifying a verb, or adjectivally, describing a noun, and sometimes as a preposition taking the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΓΓΥΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the root for 'hand' or 'reach', suggesting something within reach.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-OH

Translations: do, make, produce, create, perform, cause, appoint, keep, observe

Notes: This verb means to do, make, or produce something. It can refer to physical creation, performing an action, or causing an event to happen. It is often used in contexts of carrying out commands, observing laws, or bringing about a state of being. Its meaning can vary depending on the context and the object it takes.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- 'to build, make'. It is related to words meaning 'to build' or 'to construct'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G2068

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ess-THEE-on-tone

Translations: of eating, of those eating, of them eating

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'of those who are eating' or 'of eating'. It describes an ongoing action of consumption and is used to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating that the noun or pronoun is performing the action of eating. It is often translated as 'of those who eat' or 'of them eating' in a genitive context.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΓΕΙΝ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOH-say

Translations: he will hand over, he will deliver, he will betray, he will entrust, he will give up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to betray,' 'to entrust,' or 'to give up.' It describes the act of transferring something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a message, handing over a prisoner, betraying someone, or entrusting a task.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΚΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3076

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ly-POO-meh-noy

Translations: grieving, sorrowing, being sad, distressed, being grieved, being distressed

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being grieved' or 'being sorrowful'. It describes a state of experiencing sadness or distress, often as a result of something that has happened to them. It indicates an ongoing or continuous state of being affected by grief or sorrow.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΟΔΥΡΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G3381, G3382

Part of Speech: Particle, Noun

Sounds like: MAY-tee

Translations: surely, perhaps, whether, lest, counsel, wisdom, plan, skill

Notes: This word has two primary meanings depending on context. As an interrogative particle (G3381), it is used to introduce a question expecting a negative answer, often translated as 'surely...not?' or 'perhaps'. It can also introduce a question where the answer is uncertain, meaning 'whether' or 'lest'. As a noun (G3382), it refers to 'counsel', 'wisdom', 'plan', or 'skill'. This noun form is typically feminine.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΟΦΙΑ

Etymology: The particle 'μητί' (G3381) is a compound of the negative particle 'μή' (not) and the enclitic interrogative particle 'τι' (what, why). The noun 'μῆτις' (G3382) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'μάομαι' (to seek, strive).

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ

G1709

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-BAP-sas

Translations: having dipped, one who dipped, having immersed, one who immersed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'ἐμβάπτω' (embaptō), meaning 'to dip in' or 'to immerse'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before the main verb, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It refers to someone who has performed the action of dipping or immersing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΠΤΩ, ΒΑΠΤΙΖΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3759

Part of Speech: Interjection

Sounds like: OO-ah-ee

Translations: Woe, alas

Notes: This word is an exclamation used to express lament, grief, or warning. It is often translated as 'woe' or 'alas' and can be used to pronounce a curse or a solemn warning of impending disaster or judgment. It is typically followed by the person or thing to whom the 'woe' is directed, often in the dative case or introduced by a preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word 'οὐαι' is of imitative origin, mimicking a cry of lamentation. It is found in various forms across different languages, suggesting a common, ancient root for such an exclamation.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1080

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-gen-NEE-thay

Translations: was born, was begotten, was produced

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'γεννάω' (gennaō). It means 'he/she/it was born' or 'he/she/it was begotten'. It describes the act of being brought into existence or being given birth to, emphasizing the recipient of the action rather than the one performing it.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Etymology: From the Greek word γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family', which itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to produce, to beget'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nos

Translations: that, that one, he, she, it, those, they

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a pronoun, it refers to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, often emphasizing distance or distinction from the speaker or listener. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating 'that' specific noun. It is used to point out something or someone 'over there' or 'the one previously mentioned', contrasting with 'this' (οὗτος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From ἐκεῖ (ekeî, 'there'). It refers to something or someone at a distance, contrasting with οὗτος (hoûtos, 'this one, here').

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-dee-DOOS

Translations: handing over, delivering, giving up, betraying, committing, entrusting, transmitting

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'paradidomi'. It describes the action of 'handing over' or 'delivering' something or someone. Depending on the context, it can mean to deliver into custody, to give up, to betray, to commit or entrust something to someone, or to transmit traditions or teachings. It implies a transfer of responsibility, possession, or information.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G4461

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rahb-BEE

Translations: Rabbi, Master, Teacher

Notes: This word is a transliteration of a Hebrew/Aramaic term meaning 'my great one' or 'my master'. In Koine Greek, it is used as a title of respect and honor, particularly for religious teachers or leaders. It functions as an indeclinable noun, meaning its form does not change regardless of its grammatical role in a sentence. It is often used as a direct address, similar to 'Sir' or 'Teacher' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΡΑΒΒΕΙ" is a direct transliteration from the Aramaic word 'rabbi', which itself comes from the Hebrew 'rav', meaning 'great' or 'master'. The suffix '-i' indicates 'my'. It entered Koine Greek as a loanword due to the influence of Aramaic and Hebrew in the region.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G2127

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-loh-GAY-sas

Translations: having blessed, blessed, having praised, praised

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'eulogeō', meaning 'to bless' or 'to praise'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of blessing or praising. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'he, having blessed them, sent them away'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑἸΝΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΧΑΡΙΣΤΕΩ

G2806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-LAH-sen

Translations: broke, he broke, she broke, it broke, shattered, he shattered, she shattered, it shattered

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κλάω' (klaō), meaning 'to break' or 'to shatter'. It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' broke something. It is commonly used in contexts involving the breaking of objects, such as bread or other materials.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DOOS

Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Dee-ah-THEE-kees

Translations: (of) a covenant, (of) the covenant, (of) a testament, (of) the testament, (of) a will, (of) the will

Notes: This word refers to a solemn agreement or a binding compact, often between God and humans, or between two parties. It can also refer to a last will and testament, a legal document outlining a person's wishes for their possessions after death. Its meaning can shift depending on the context, often referring to a divine covenant in religious texts or a human will in legal contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ

G1632

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-KHYN-noh-meh-non

Translations: being poured out, poured out, shed, being shed, flowing

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'ekcheō', meaning 'to pour out' or 'to shed'. It describes something that is currently in the process of being poured out or shed. It is often used in contexts referring to the shedding of blood or the pouring out of liquids.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΧΕΩ, ΕΚΧΥΝΩ, ΕΚΧΥΝΝΩ

Etymology: From 'ek' (out of) and 'cheō' (to pour). It literally means 'to pour out from'.

G266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN

Translations: of sins, of a sin

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G1081

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-NAY-mah-tos

Translations: of fruit, of produce, of offspring, of a product, of a generation

Notes: This word refers to something produced or generated, such as the fruit of the ground, the produce of a harvest, or the offspring of living beings. It can also refer to the result or product of an action or process. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the origin or source of something, or to describe what something consists of.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΕΚΓΟΝΟΝ, ΑΠΟΓΟΝΟΣ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KEE-ness

Translations: of that, of her

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something or someone distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated with 'of' or 'from'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a feminine noun in the genitive case. When used as a pronoun, it stands in for a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHL-thon

Translations: they went out, they came out, they departed, they went forth, they came forth

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist indicative active form of the verb "exerchomai," meaning "to go out" or "to come out." It describes an action of moving from an inside location to an outside one, or departing from a place. It can refer to people, animals, or even abstract concepts like spirits or words emerging.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning "out of" or "from," and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning "to come" or "to go." Thus, its etymological meaning is literally "to come/go out from."

G1636

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-lah-EE-ohn

Translations: of olives, of olive trees, of an olive grove

Notes: This word refers to something belonging to or consisting of olives or olive trees. It is often used in the genitive case to describe a place, such as the Mount of Olives, or to refer to the produce of olive trees. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ἘΛΑΙΑΣ, ἘΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek word ἘΛΑΙΑ (ELAIA), meaning 'olive tree' or 'olive'. The suffix -ων (-on) often denotes a place or collection of something, thus forming 'olive grove' or 'place of olives'.

G4624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skan-da-li-STHAY-ses-theh

Translations: you will be caused to stumble, you will be offended, you will be entrapped, you will fall away

Notes: This word is a future passive indicative verb, meaning 'you will be caused to stumble' or 'you will be offended'. It describes an action where the subject is made to stumble, fall into sin, or take offense, rather than actively stumbling themselves. It is often used in a spiritual sense, referring to a loss of faith or a moral lapse.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΙΠΤΩ

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G4166

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poy-MEH-nah

Translations: shepherd, a shepherd, pastor, a pastor

Notes: This word refers to a shepherd, someone who tends and cares for sheep. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a leader, a guide, or a spiritual pastor who cares for a flock of people. In its literal sense, it describes a person whose occupation is to look after sheep. In a figurative sense, it describes someone who provides guidance and protection, much like a shepherd protects their flock.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΚΟΛΟΣ, ΑΙΠΟΛΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GER-thay-nai

Translations: to be raised, to be awakened, to be aroused, to rise, to arise

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'egeirō'. It means 'to be raised' or 'to be awakened'. It is often used in the context of rising from sleep, rising from a seated or prone position, or being raised from the dead. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often following verbs that indicate a command, necessity, or ability.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ

G4254

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-AX-oh

Translations: I will go before, I will lead, I will precede, I will lead forth

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Therefore, it means 'to lead before', 'to go before', or 'to precede'. It is used to indicate that someone will go ahead of others, either literally in terms of physical movement or figuratively in terms of leadership or priority.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΑΓΩ (proago) is a compound of the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The verb ἄγω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, lead, or pull'.

G4624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skan-da-lee-STHEE-son-tai

Translations: they will be offended, they will stumble, they will be caused to sin, they will be entrapped

Notes: This word describes the action of being caused to stumble, to be offended, or to fall into sin or error. It is often used in a spiritual sense, referring to someone being led astray or experiencing a moral or spiritual downfall. It is a passive form, meaning the subjects are acted upon, rather than performing the action themselves.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ

G3763

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oo-deh-POH-teh

Translations: never, at no time

Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'never' or 'at no time'. It is formed from the negative particle οὐδέ (oude), meaning 'not even' or 'nor', and the indefinite adverb ποτέ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever'. When combined, they create a strong negation, indicating that something has not happened or will not happen at any point in time. It is used to express absolute negation of an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΠΩ, ΟΥ̓ΔΑΜΩΣ

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G0593

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-PAR-nay-see

Translations: denial, a denial

Notes: This word refers to the act of denying, disowning, or renouncing something or someone. It signifies a refusal to acknowledge or accept a truth, a person, or a relationship. It is often used in contexts of disavowal or repudiation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΡΝΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the verb ἀπαρνέομαι (aparnéomai), meaning 'to deny utterly' or 'to disown'. It is formed with the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀρνέομαι (arnéomai), meaning 'to deny'.

G1189, G1162

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: deh

Translations: to beg, to pray, to entreat, to ask, a prayer, an entreaty, a petition

Notes: This word is a stem that appears in various forms of the verb 'to beg' or 'to pray' (ΔΕΟΜΑΙ) and the noun 'prayer' or 'petition' (ΔΕΗΣΙΣ). As a verb, it describes the act of making a request or supplication, often to a higher power or authority. As a noun, it refers to the act of prayer or the specific request itself. It is commonly used in contexts of earnest appeal or humble petition.

Inflection: This is a stem that forms parts of various inflections. For the verb ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, it can be found in forms like the aorist passive (e.g., ἐδεήθην, δεηθῆναι, δεηθείς). For the noun ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, it is the root of the word, which inflects for case and number (e.g., nominative singular δεήσις, genitive singular δεήσεως).

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ, ΙΚΕΤΕΙΑ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, a thing said, a thing spoken

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being said, spoken, or called. It can refer to a statement, a saying, or something that is being referred to or named.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΑΜΕΝΟΝ

G1068

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Geth-SE-ma-nee

Translations: Gethsemane

Notes: Gethsemane is a proper noun referring to a garden or olive press located at the foot of the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem. It is famously known as the place where Jesus prayed and was arrested before his crucifixion. The name itself is a transliteration from Aramaic, meaning 'oil press'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word Γεθσημανει (Gethsemane) is a transliteration of the Aramaic words 'Gat Shemanim', which means 'oil press'. It refers to a specific location near Jerusalem.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ap-el-THOHN

Translations: having gone away, having departed, having gone, having left

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aperchomai', meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed, often functioning adverbially to modify the main verb in a sentence. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of going away before or concurrently with the action of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΩΝ, ΥΠΑΓΩΝ

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

G3076

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: loo-PEES-thai

Translations: to be grieved, to be sorrowful, to be distressed, to feel pain, to be sad

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'λυπέω' (lypeō). It means 'to be grieved' or 'to be sorrowful'. It describes the state of experiencing sadness, pain, or distress, often due to external circumstances or the actions of others. It is used to express the action of feeling sorrow or being made sad.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΙΝ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΕΙΝ, ΟΔΥΡΕΣΘΑΙ

G0026

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-day-mo-NEH-in

Translations: to be distressed, to be troubled, to be in anguish, to be greatly distressed

Notes: This verb describes a state of extreme distress, anxiety, or anguish. It implies a feeling of being lost, perplexed, or without a clear path forward, often accompanied by deep sorrow or mental agitation. It is used to express a profound sense of trouble or overwhelming sadness.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ἘΚΘΑΜΒΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ἈΓΩΝΙΑΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'δῆμος' (dēmos, meaning 'people' or 'public'). It originally conveyed the idea of being 'away from one's people' or 'out of one's element', leading to a sense of being lost or distressed.

G4036

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: peh-REE-loo-poss

Translations: very sorrowful, exceedingly sorrowful, deeply grieved, sad

Notes: This word is a compound adjective formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'exceedingly', and 'λύπη' (lype), meaning 'grief' or 'sorrow'. It describes a state of intense or profound sadness, indicating someone who is overwhelmed by grief or sorrow. It is used to emphasize a deep emotional state.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΗΡΟΣ, ΣΚΥΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΣΤΥΓΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΡΙΛΥΠΟΣ is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around, about, exceedingly', and the noun λύπη (lype), meaning 'grief, sorrow'.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G5602

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-deh

Translations: here, hither, in this place, to this place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location or direction, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to point to a specific location or to indicate movement towards the speaker or a particular spot. For example, it can be used in commands like 'Come here!' or to state that something is located 'here'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΑΔΕ, ΕΝΤΑΥΘΑ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (this) and the locative suffix -de. It indicates proximity to the speaker.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pros-EL-thohn

Translations: having come to, approaching, having approached, coming near

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come to' or 'having approached'. It describes an action that happened prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to indicate someone drawing near to a person or place, or coming forward to do something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΕΓΓΙΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'toward', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G4336

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pros-yoo-KHO-meh-nos

Translations: praying, one who prays, a praying one

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'praying' or 'one who prays'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in prayer. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun (e.g., 'the praying man'), or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action (e.g., 'he spoke while praying').

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΙΤΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EL-tha-toh

Translations: let it pass by, let it go away, let it depart, let it come to an end

Notes: This word means to pass by, go away, or come to an end. It is often used to describe something that is moving past, ceasing to exist, or being removed. It can refer to time passing, events concluding, or individuals departing from a place or situation. In this form, it is a command or wish for something to happen.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Imperative, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AH-n

Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain

Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.

G1129

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gree-gor-EH-sai

Translations: to watch, to be awake, to be watchful, to be vigilant

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γρηγορέω'. It means 'to watch' or 'to be awake'. It is often used in a figurative sense to mean 'to be vigilant' or 'to be on guard', especially in a spiritual context, urging one to be alert to dangers or opportunities. It can be used in sentences like 'He told them to watch' or 'They ought to be vigilant'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΥΠΝΕΩ, ΝΗΦΩ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G4289

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pro-THOO-mon

Translations: eager, willing, ready, zealous, a willing thing, a ready thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is eager, willing, or ready to do something. It implies a cheerful and prompt disposition towards an action or task. It can be used to describe a person's attitude or a quality of something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΘΥΜΟΣ (prothumos) is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward,' and θυμός (thumos), meaning 'passion,' 'spirit,' or 'mind.' Thus, it literally means 'forward-minded' or 'eager-spirited,' conveying the sense of readiness and willingness.

G4561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SARX

Translations: flesh, a flesh, body, a body, human nature, a human nature, mankind, a mankind

Notes: This word refers to flesh, the physical body, or human nature. In a broader sense, it can also refer to humanity or mankind. It is often used to contrast the physical, earthly aspect of existence with the spiritual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΜΑ, ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΑΡΞ (sarx) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymological root is not definitively established.

G0772

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: as-theh-NEES

Translations: weak, feeble, sick, infirm, a weak person, a sick person

Notes: This word describes something or someone as weak, feeble, or sick. It can refer to physical weakness, illness, or a lack of strength or power in a broader sense. It can be used to describe a person's physical condition or a general state of being. When used as a noun, it refers to a weak or sick person.

Inflection: Singular, All genders, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ἈΡΡΩΣΤΟΣ, ἈΣΘΕΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not') and σθένος (sthenos, 'strength, might'). Thus, it literally means 'without strength'.

G3928

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-el-THAYN

Translations: to pass by, to pass away, to come beside, to go beyond, to neglect, to transgress, to perish, to come to an end

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'παρέρχομαι' (parerchomai), meaning 'to pass by' or 'to pass away'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It can describe something moving past, an event coming to an end, or even a command being disregarded or transgressed. For example, it can be used to say that something will not pass away or that someone passed by a certain place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-nay-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be, let it come to pass, let it happen, let it become

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be.' It is used here in the imperative mood, expressing a command or a wish for something to occur or come into existence. It often implies a process of change or development.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and becoming.

G2307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: the-LEE-mah

Translations: will, desire, purpose, a will, a desire, a purpose

Notes: This word refers to a will, desire, or purpose, often implying a deliberate intention or choice. It can be used to describe the will of God, the will of a person, or a general intention. It is frequently used in contexts relating to divine purpose or human obedience to that purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to will, wish, desire'. It denotes the result or object of willing.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEIS

Translations: you may let go, you may send away, you may forgive, you may permit, you may abandon, you may leave

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'aphiēmi', meaning to send away, let go, forgive, permit, or abandon. It is used to express an action that the subject might do or is permitted to do, often implying a condition or a wish. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'If you forgive their sin...' or 'You may let go of the rope.'

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: LOY-pon

Translations: remaining, the rest, the remainder, other, finally, henceforth, for the rest

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'other', a noun meaning 'the rest' or 'the remainder', or an adverb meaning 'finally', 'henceforth', or 'for the rest'. As an adjective, it describes what is left over. As a noun, it refers to the remaining portion or people. As an adverb, it introduces a concluding thought or indicates a future time.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GOH-men

Translations: let us go, we go, we lead, let us lead

Notes: This word is the first person plural present active subjunctive form of the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to go'. In the subjunctive mood, especially in the first person plural, it is often used hortatively, expressing an exhortation or suggestion, similar to 'let us go' or 'let us lead'. It can also simply indicate 'we go' or 'we lead' depending on the context.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΩΜΕΝ, ΒΑΙΝΩΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word ἄγω (agō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, to lead, to pull'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LOON-tos

Translations: of speaking, of talking, of saying, of proclaiming

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'laleō', meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It describes someone who is in the act of speaking or has just spoken. In this form, it is a genitive singular participle, often translated as 'of one speaking' or 'while speaking'. It can refer to a person, a voice, or a message being uttered.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OCH-los

Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, mob, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a multitude, or a crowd. It can sometimes carry the connotation of a common or unorganized group, or even a disorderly mob. It is typically used to describe a large number of people gathered together, often in a public space.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ὈΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to throng'.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loos

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, a great many

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can refer to a large crowd of people or a significant amount of something. It can also be used to describe something as 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn

Translations: of high priests, of chief priests

Notes: This word refers to those who hold the highest priestly office. In ancient Israel, this was the head of the priesthood, responsible for leading religious ceremonies and sacrifices. In the New Testament, it often refers to the leading members of the Jewish priestly class, including the high priest and other prominent priests.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

G4592

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: say-MAY-on

Translations: sign, a sign, mark, a mark, miracle, a miracle, wonder, a wonder

Notes: This word refers to a sign, a mark, or an indication of something. It can also denote a miracle or a wonder, especially one that serves as a divine sign or attestation. It is used to point to something, to distinguish it, or to signify a future event. In a sentence, it might be used like 'the sign of the times' or 'he performed a great sign'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣ, ΕΝΔΕΙΞΙΣ, ΣΥΜΒΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb σημαίνω (sēmainō), meaning 'to show, signify, or indicate'. It is related to σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'a mark, sign, or token'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kra-TAY-sa-teh

Translations: hold fast, seize, grasp, take hold of, retain, overcome, prevail

Notes: This word means to take hold of, seize, or grasp something firmly. It can also imply retaining possession or control over something. In some contexts, it means to overcome or prevail over an opponent or difficulty. It is often used in commands or exhortations.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΤΕΩ comes from the Greek word κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, might'. It signifies the exercise of power or control.

G2705

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-fee-LEE-sen

Translations: he kissed, she kissed, it kissed, he kissed fervently, she kissed fervently, it kissed fervently

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'καταφιλέω' (kataphileō), meaning 'to kiss' or 'to kiss fervently'. The prefix 'κατα-' (kata-) intensifies the action of the verb, suggesting a strong or repeated kissing, often translated as 'kissed much' or 'kissed fervently'. It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject (he, she, or it).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΕΩ, ΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'καταφιλέω' (kataphileō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against' and used here to intensify the action, and the verb 'φιλέω' (phileō), meaning 'to love' or 'to kiss'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having come to, approaching, drawing near, coming forward, those who came to, when they came to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of an action, such as 'when they came to' or 'after they had approached'. It can also function adjectivally, describing 'those who came to'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-BAH-lon

Translations: they cast upon, they laid upon, they threw upon, they put upon, they imposed, they applied

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (to throw, cast). It means to cast, lay, or throw something upon someone or something. It can also imply imposing a burden, applying oneself to a task, or even attacking someone. Its meaning can vary depending on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΡΡΙΠΤΩ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAH-tay-san

Translations: they held, they seized, they took possession of, they prevailed, they arrested, they grasped

Notes: This word describes the action of holding, seizing, or taking control of something or someone. It can also mean to prevail or be victorious over an opponent. It implies a firm grip, mastery, or establishment of authority. It is used to describe actions like arresting someone, taking possession of property, or maintaining a hold on a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

G1614

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-TEI-nas

Translations: having stretched out, stretching out, extending, having extended

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ekteinō', meaning 'to stretch out' or 'to extend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It typically refers to the stretching out of a limb, such as a hand or arm, or the extension of something else, like a thought or a line.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΝΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'ekteinō' is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ek-' (meaning 'out of' or 'from') and the verb 'teinō' (meaning 'to stretch' or 'to extend').

G0660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-PA-sen

Translations: he drew out, he pulled away, he separated, he withdrew

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull.' Therefore, it means to draw or pull something away from something else, to separate, or to withdraw. It is often used to describe the action of drawing a sword or pulling someone away from a group.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΠΑΩ, ἈΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ἘΚΣΠΑΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀποσπάω (apospaō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw, pull, or tear.'

G3960

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-TA-xass

Translations: having struck, who struck, struck, smote, having smitten

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πατάσσω' (patassō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb, indicating the agent of the action. It can be translated as 'having struck' or 'the one who struck', and is used to describe someone who performed the action of striking.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ

G1401

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-lon

Translations: slave, a slave, servant, a servant

Notes: This word refers to a slave or a servant. In ancient contexts, a 'slave' was someone who was owned by another person and compelled to serve them, often without pay. A 'servant' could be a broader term, sometimes referring to someone who willingly serves another, often in a position of humility or devotion, such as a servant of God. It is often used to describe a person in a position of subservience or obedience.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ

G3775

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-tee-on

Translations: ear, a little ear, a small ear

Notes: This word is a diminutive noun meaning 'a little ear' or 'a small ear'. It refers to the organ of hearing. In a figurative sense, it can refer to the act of hearing or paying attention, as in 'to open one's ear' meaning to reveal or disclose something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓Σ

Etymology: The word ὨΤΙΟΝ (ōtion) is a diminutive of the Greek noun ΟΥ̓Σ (ous), meaning 'ear'. The suffix -ιον (-ion) is used to form diminutives.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G3162

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ma-KHAIR-ay

Translations: sword, a sword, (to) a sword, (with) a sword, (by) a sword

Notes: This word refers to a sword or a dagger, a short sword, or a knife. It is a common term for a weapon used for cutting or thrusting. In the provided context, it is used to indicate the instrument by which an action is performed, such as 'I will destroy with my sword'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It refers to a short sword or dagger.

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-n-tai

Translations: they will perish, they will be destroyed, they will be lost, they will die

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. In the middle or passive voice, it means 'to perish', 'to be destroyed', or 'to be lost'. It describes an action where something or someone ceases to exist or is brought to ruin.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOO-na-mahee

Translations: I am able, I can, I have power, I am strong enough

Notes: This verb means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used to express capability or possibility, indicating that someone has the capacity or permission to do something. It can be followed by an infinitive to show what one is able to do.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: From δύναμις (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to the concept of inherent strength or capacity.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-ka-LEH-sai

Translations: to call to one's side, to exhort, to comfort, to encourage, to entreat, to appeal, to beseech, to implore

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive form of the verb 'παρακαλέω'. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (beside, alongside) and 'καλέω' (to call). Its core meaning is to call someone to one's side, which then extends to various nuances depending on the context. It can mean to urge or exhort someone to action, to comfort or encourage them, or to entreat or appeal to them for something. It is often used to describe a plea or a strong request.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'παρακαλέω' is derived from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It literally means 'to call alongside' or 'to call to one's side'.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-STAY-see

Translations: will present, will stand by, will provide, will show, will offer, will bring

Notes: This word is the future active indicative form of the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi). It means 'to present,' 'to stand by,' 'to provide,' 'to show,' or 'to offer.' It can be used in various contexts, such as presenting someone or something, standing alongside someone, or offering something for a purpose.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΕΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΞΕΙ, ΔΩΣΕΙ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLEH-yoh

Translations: more, greater, many, much, a lot

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. 'Πλείω' specifically functions as the comparative form, meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, degree, or number of something compared to another. It can be used adverbially to mean 'more' or 'further'.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular; or Masculine/Feminine/Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΠΛΕΟΝ

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ang-GEH-lohn

Translations: of angels, of messengers

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ἈΓΓΕΛΟΣ' (angelos), which means 'messenger' or 'angel'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to using 'of' in English. Therefore, 'ἈΓΓΕΛΩΝ' typically translates to 'of angels' or 'of messengers', indicating something belonging to or related to multiple angels or messengers.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΩΝ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EHL-thah-teh

Translations: you went out, you came out, they went out, they came out

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state or condition to another. It can be used in various contexts, such as leaving a house, departing from a country, or emerging from a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Second Person Plural or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐξέρχομαι (exérkhomai), a compound of ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἔρχομαι (érkhomai, 'to come, to go').

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G3650

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HO-lon

Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nen

Translations: has become, has happened, has come to pass, was, came into being

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can mean 'has become,' 'has happened,' or 'has come into being,' often implying a state of existence or a new reality that has resulted from a past event.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to produce, to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and coming into existence.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fay-TON

Translations: of prophets

Notes: This word refers to those who speak for God or interpret His will, often foretelling future events. It is a compound word, combining 'pro' (before, forth) and 'phemi' (to speak). It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or act as spokespersons for God.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' (prophetes) comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks before' (either in time or on behalf of someone).

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-FEN-tes

Translations: having sent away, having let go, having left, having forgiven, having allowed, having abandoned

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphiēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed, often translated as 'having sent away,' 'having let go,' 'having left,' 'having forgiven,' or 'having allowed.' It indicates that the subject has performed the action of sending, letting, leaving, or forgiving something or someone. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'having left their nets,' referring to fishermen who have abandoned their equipment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ἘΚΒΑΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΛΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: krah-TAY-san-tes

Translations: having taken hold of, having seized, having grasped, having held, having overcome, having prevailed, having gained control, having mastered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κράτεω' (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold fast, to seize'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of taking hold, seizing, or gaining control. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'the soldiers, having seized the city, rested'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΣΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΡΑΤΟΥΝ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ah

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This word refers to a high priest, the chief religious official in ancient Israel. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It is used to denote the head of the priestly order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G1122

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grah-mah-TAYSS

Translations: scribes, secretaries, clerks

Notes: This word refers to individuals who were skilled in writing, often serving as copyists, record-keepers, or public notaries. In ancient societies, especially in Jewish contexts, scribes were highly respected for their knowledge of the law and scriptures, often acting as interpreters and teachers. They could also serve in administrative roles for kings or officials.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΙ, ΝΟΜΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: From γράμμα (gramma, "a letter, writing") and the suffix -εύς (-eus, indicating an agent or profession). It literally means "one who deals with letters or writing."

G3113

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-kro-THEN

Translations: from afar, from a distance, far off

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating distance, meaning 'from afar' or 'from a distance'. It describes an action or state that originates from a distant point or occurs at a significant remove. It can be used to describe someone seeing something from far away, or an event happening at a distance.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΤΗΛΕ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΜΑΚΡΟΣ (makros), meaning 'long' or 'far'. The suffix -θεν indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-EL-thone

Translations: having entered, having gone in, having come in, entering, going in, coming in

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence, and it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It indicates someone who has performed the action of entering.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-SOH

Translations: I save, I deliver, I preserve, I heal

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō), meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is used to describe the act of rescuing someone or something from danger, harm, or destruction. It can also refer to healing or preserving life. In the provided context, 'ἘΣΩ' appears to be an incomplete form or a prefix, as the full verb forms like 'ἘΣΩΘΗΣΑΝ' (they were saved) and 'ἘΣΩΣΕΝ' (he saved) are seen. The word itself is not typically used in isolation in Koine Greek.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice (of σῴζω)

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂w- 'to save, to protect'.

G5256, G5257

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pee-reh-TON

Translations: serving, ministering, attending, assisting, of servants, of ministers, of attendants

Notes: This word can function as a present active participle of the verb 'ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ' (hypereteo), meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister', or as the genitive plural of the noun 'ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ' (hyperetes), meaning 'a servant' or 'an attendant'. As a participle, it describes someone who is actively engaged in service or ministry. As a noun, it refers to a group of servants or ministers. The root word is a compound of 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo, 'under') and 'ΕΡΕΤΗΣ' (eretes, 'rower'), originally referring to an under-rower on a ship, hence one who serves or assists.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Genitive, Plural; or Noun, Masculine, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΩΝ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΩΝ, ΔΟΥΛΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ (hypereteo) comes from the noun ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ (hyperetes), which is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and ΕΡΕΤΗΣ (eretes), meaning 'rower'. It originally referred to an under-rower on a ship, someone who served by rowing, and later broadened to mean any kind of servant, assistant, or minister.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEIN

Translations: to see, to perceive, to behold, to look, to know, to understand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing or perceiving in a general sense, often without a specific time frame. It can also imply understanding or knowing something through observation. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He desired to see the truth' or 'It is good to see the light'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'ἰδ-' (id-) is derived from a different, but related, Proto-Indo-European root, which also means 'to see' or 'to know'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ED-ree-on

Translations: council, a council, Sanhedrin, a Sanhedrin, assembly, an assembly

Notes: This word refers to a council or an assembly, particularly a judicial body. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish court in Jerusalem. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (seat).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting together' or 'an assembly of those sitting together'.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ZAY-toon

Translations: they were seeking, they sought, they were asking, they asked, they were desiring, they desired

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to seek, to look for, to ask for, to demand, or to desire. It is used to describe an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'They were seeking the truth' or 'They asked for mercy'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΖΗΤΕΩ (zēteō) is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek verb that has been in use since classical times.

G5577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psyoo-doh-mar-ty-REE-an

Translations: false testimony, a false testimony, false witness, a false witness

Notes: This word refers to a false statement given under oath, or a lie presented as truth in a legal or formal context. It is a compound word formed from 'ψεῦδος' (pseudos), meaning 'falsehood' or 'lie', and 'μαρτυρία' (martyria), meaning 'testimony' or 'witness'. It is typically used in the context of legal proceedings or accusations.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΕΥΔΟΜΑΡΤΥΣ, ΨΕΥΔΟΛΟΓΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΨΕΥΔΟΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ is a compound of two Greek words: ΨΕΥΔΟΣ (pseudos), meaning 'falsehood' or 'lie', and ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ (martyria), meaning 'testimony' or 'witness'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2289

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thah-nah-TOH-soo-sin

Translations: they will put to death, they will kill

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to put to death' or 'to kill'. It describes the action of causing someone's death. It is used to indicate a future action, specifically that a group of people will perform this act.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΝΑΤΟΩ (thanatoō) is derived from the noun ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ (thanatos), meaning 'death'. The suffix -όω indicates the action of causing or bringing about the state of the root noun.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-el-THON-ton

Translations: (of) those who came to, (of) those who approached, (of) those who drew near

Notes: This word is a genitive plural participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. It describes the action of people moving towards someone or something. In a sentence, it functions like a noun or adjective, indicating the group of individuals who performed the action of coming near, often implying a purpose for their approach.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΛΘΟΝΤΩΝ

G5577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psyoo-doh-MAR-too-rohn

Translations: of false witnesses, of perjurers

Notes: This word refers to those who give false testimony or bear false witness, often in a legal context. It is a compound word formed from 'ψεῦδος' (falsehood) and 'μάρτυς' (witness). It describes individuals who intentionally lie under oath or provide untrue statements.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΨΕΥΔΟΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΕΥΔΟΜΑΡΤΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ψεῦδος (pseudos), meaning 'falsehood' or 'lie', and μάρτυς (martys), meaning 'witness'. It literally means 'false witness'.

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G2647

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-LOO-sai

Translations: to destroy, to abolish, to overthrow, to pull down, to lodge, to unyoke, to dissolve, to put an end to

Notes: This word means to destroy, abolish, or overthrow something, often referring to institutions, laws, or structures. It can also mean to pull down a building or to dissolve a relationship. In a different context, it can mean to unyoke animals or to lodge for the night, implying a stopping or resting place. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against) and 'λύω' (to loose, to release, to destroy).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0450

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-na-STAS

Translations: having risen, having stood up, rising, standing up, getting up

Notes: This word is a masculine, singular, nominative participle derived from the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to rise' or 'to stand up'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often indicating an action that has already occurred or is occurring concurrently. It can be translated as 'having risen' or 'standing up', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΣ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

G1844

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-OR-kid-zoh

Translations: I adjure, I put under oath, I solemnly implore, I exorcise

Notes: This verb means to put someone under oath, to solemnly implore them, or to adjure them. It can also mean to exorcise, especially in the context of driving out evil spirits by invoking a higher power. It is used to bind someone by an oath or to command them with authority.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΡΚΙΖΩ, ΟΜΝΥΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ὁρκίζω (horkizō), meaning 'to put under oath'. The root of ὁρκίζω is ὅρκος (horkos), meaning 'oath'. Thus, it literally means 'to put out by oath' or 'to bind by oath'.

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOSS

Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One

Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: op-SEH-stheh

Translations: you will see, you shall see

Notes: This word means 'you will see' or 'you shall see'. It is a future tense form of the verb 'to see', indicating an action that will happen in the future. It is used when addressing multiple people.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΈΨΕΤΕ, ΘΕΆΣΕΣΘΕ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of the primary verb ὉΡΆΩ (horao), meaning 'to see'. The future stem 'ὀψ-' is derived from the aorist stem of ὈΠΤΟΜΑΙ (optomai), which is also related to seeing.

G2521

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: kah-THEE-meh-non

Translations: sitting, seated, one sitting, a sitting one, that which is sitting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'sitting' or 'seated'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting or has taken a seated position. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun) meaning 'the one sitting' or 'that which is sitting'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ER-kho-me-non

Translations: coming, going, about to come, the coming one, that which is coming, a coming thing

Notes: This word is a present participle, indicating an action that is in progress or about to happen. It describes something or someone that is 'coming' or 'going'. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantivally, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'the one coming' or 'that which is coming'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΑ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΑ

G1284

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-er-RAYK-sen

Translations: tore, ripped, burst, broke open, rent

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'. It means to tear completely, to rip apart, or to burst open. It is often used in the context of tearing clothes as a sign of grief or distress, or of something breaking open violently.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΧΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word διαρρήγνυμι is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'.

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G0611

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEN-tes

Translations: having answered, answering, they answered

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having answered' or 'answering'. In Koine Greek, participles often function adverbially or as a substitute for a finite verb, especially when the action of the participle precedes or accompanies the action of the main verb. It is frequently translated into English as a finite verb, such as 'they answered' or 'he answered', depending on the context and subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

G1777

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EN-okh-os

Translations: guilty, liable, subject to, worthy of, deserving of

Notes: This adjective describes someone or something as being held in, bound by, or subject to something, often with a negative connotation. It is frequently used to indicate guilt or liability for a crime, sin, or penalty, meaning 'guilty of' or 'liable to'. It can also mean 'deserving of' or 'worthy of' a particular fate or consequence. It is often followed by a genitive case indicating what one is guilty or deserving of.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative; Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΔΙΚΟΣ, ΥΠΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΦΕΙΛΕΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the root of ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to hold'). It literally means 'held in' or 'bound in', referring to being held by a charge or obligation.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3817

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pai-SAS

Translations: having struck, striking, beating, hitting, having beaten, having hit

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'παίω' (paiō), meaning 'to strike,' 'to beat,' or 'to hit.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed or occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having struck' or 'striking' depending on the context, often indicating the agent of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ

Etymology: The verb 'παίω' (paiō) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, mimicking the sound of a blow. It is found in ancient Greek literature from Homer onwards.

G1854

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EX-oh

Translations: outside, out, without, abroad

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'out'. It indicates a position or direction away from an interior or a boundary. It can be used to describe something that is physically located outside, or metaphorically, something that is excluded or beyond a certain limit.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΞΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the suffix -ω, which forms adverbs of place. It denotes a position or movement from the inside to the outside.

G0833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OW-lay

Translations: courtyard, a courtyard, court, a court, palace, a palace, sheepfold, a sheepfold, fold, a fold

Notes: This word refers to an open space surrounded by walls or buildings, such as a courtyard or a court. It can also denote a palace, as the main residence of a king or ruler often included such a court. In a more rustic context, it can refer to a sheepfold or a pen where animals are kept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΥΛΙΣ, ΕΠΑΥΛΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew- (to dwell, to live). It refers to an enclosed space, often for dwelling or keeping animals.

G3814

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: py-DEES-kay

Translations: maid, a maid, servant girl, a servant girl, young woman, a young woman, slave girl, a slave girl

Notes: This word refers to a young female servant or slave, often a domestic worker. It can also simply mean a young woman or girl, especially one who is unmarried. It is used to describe a female attendant or a bondservant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΡΑΠΑΙΝΑ

Etymology: From PAIS (child, servant) and the diminutive suffix -ISKE. It originally referred to a young girl or child, and later came to mean a young female servant or slave.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ

G1056

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yoo

Translations: of Galilee, of a Galilean, Galilean, a Galilean

Notes: This word refers to someone or something from Galilee, a region in northern Israel. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as being from Galilee, or as a noun to refer to a person who is a native or inhabitant of Galilee. In the provided context, it refers to 'Judas the Galilean', indicating a person from that region.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Γαλιλαία (Galilaia), the name of the region, which is of Hebrew origin. It means 'circle' or 'district'.

G1715

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously

Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: know, understand, perceive, be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense verb that functions with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing that has resulted from a past act of perceiving or learning. It is often used to express a deep, intuitive, or experiential knowledge, as opposed to merely intellectual knowledge. It can be used with an accusative object, or with a clause introduced by 'ὅτι' (that) or an interrogative pronoun.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Greek, it developed into a perfect tense verb with a present meaning, signifying a state of knowing that comes from having seen or perceived.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eks-EL-thon-tah

Translations: having gone out, going out, coming out, having come out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring. It indicates someone or something that has departed from a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G240

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AL-lay

Translations: another, other, a different one

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ἈΛΛΟΣ', meaning 'another' or 'other'. It is used to refer to a distinct or different entity from one already mentioned or implied. In the provided examples, it appears as part of the reciprocal pronoun 'ἀλλήλων' (one another), but 'ἈΛΛΗ' itself, when standing alone, refers to a feminine singular 'other' or 'another'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Dative

Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ess-TOH-tess

Translations: standing, having stood, those standing, they who stood

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in a state of having stood or having taken a stand. It can refer to individuals or groups who are currently standing, or who have previously taken a position and remain in that state.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΕΣΤΩΤΕΣ

G2981

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-LEE-ah

Translations: speech, a speech, talk, a talk, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: This word refers to speech or talk, the act of speaking, or what is spoken. It can denote a specific utterance, a conversation, or the general faculty of speech. It is used to describe human communication.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΡΗΜΑ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: From the verb λαλέω (laleō), meaning 'to talk, chatter, babble'. It originally referred to informal or childish talk, but in Koine Greek, it broadened to mean speaking in general.

G3660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OM-noo-ane

Translations: to swear, to take an oath, to make an oath

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to swear' or 'to take an oath'. It is used to express the action of making a solemn declaration, often calling upon a deity or sacred object as a witness. It can be used in contexts where someone is pledging truthfulness or making a vow.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΟΡΚΙΖΩ, ΟΡΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὄμνυμι (omnymi) comes from an ancient Indo-European root meaning 'to swear' or 'to bind by an oath'.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-NEES-thay

Translations: remembered, was reminded, called to mind

Notes: This verb means to remember, to recall, or to be reminded of something. It is often used in the context of God remembering His covenant or people, or people remembering God's works or commands. It can also mean to make mention of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember', which is related to μνήμη (mnēmē), 'memory'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-RAY-koh-toss

Translations: of having said, of having spoken, of one who has said, of one who has spoken

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes someone or something that has completed the action of speaking or saying something. It is often used to refer to 'one who has said' or 'of what has been said'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΟΣ