2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he understood, she understood, it understood

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to understand'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or comprehending information. As an aorist tense verb, it describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It is in the third person singular, meaning the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: iss-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, by strength, with strength, in strength, to power, by power, with power, in power, to might, by might, with might, in might

Notes: This word is a noun meaning strength, power, or might. It is typically used to describe physical or moral force, ability, or influence. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning it functions as the indirect object of a verb or follows a preposition that takes the dative, often translated as 'to strength,' 'by strength,' 'with strength,' or 'in strength.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G4369

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-TEE-theh-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those adding, (to) those being added, (to) those joining, (to) those being joined, (to) those attaching, (to) those being attached

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'προστίθημι' (prostithemi), which means 'to add,' 'to put to,' or 'to join to.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this dative plural form, it refers to 'those who are adding' (middle voice) or 'those who are being added/joined' (passive voice), indicating the recipients or beneficiaries of an action. It implies an ongoing process of addition, joining, or attachment.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Dative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΙ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G4334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EL-thoh-sin

Translations: they come to, they approach, they draw near, they go to

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'). It means to come to, approach, or draw near to someone or something. It is often used in a legal or formal context, such as approaching a judge or a court, or in a religious context, such as approaching God.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΓΙΖΩ

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: IS-toh-sin

Translations: they know, they stand, they cause to stand, they set, they appoint, they establish

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), which means 'to stand', 'to cause to stand', 'to set', 'to appoint', or 'to establish'. In some contexts, particularly in the perfect tense, it can also mean 'to know' or 'to be acquainted with', as the perfect tense of ἵστημι (héstēka) can mean 'I stand' or 'I know'. The meaning depends heavily on the context and the specific tense/voice used.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Active Subjunctive or Third Person Plural, Perfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΣΤΑΝ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand'. It is related to many words in various Indo-European languages that convey the idea of standing or setting.

G1334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ay-GAY-san-toh

Translations: they related, they narrated, they recounted, they described, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'διηγέομαι'. It means to relate, narrate, recount, or describe something in detail. It is used when a group of people tell a story, give an account, or provide a detailed description of events.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G0430

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-dra-ga-THEE-as

Translations: (of) manliness, (of) bravery, (of) valor, (of) virtue, (of) goodness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being a good and brave man, encompassing virtues like courage, valor, and moral excellence. It describes the character of someone who acts with integrity and strength, often in challenging situations.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΕΤΗΣ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΑΣ, ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ΑΝΗΡ' (aner), meaning 'man', and 'ΑΓΑΘΟΣ' (agathos), meaning 'good'. It literally means 'good man-ness' or 'the quality of a good man'.

G2616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-krah-TEH-san

Translations: they took possession of, they held fast, they overpowered, they prevailed against, they seized

Notes: This word describes the act of taking firm control or possession of something, often implying a strong or forceful grasp. It can also mean to overpower or prevail against someone or something. It is typically used in a past tense context, indicating that the action of taking control or prevailing has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρατέω (katakrateō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong', 'to rule', or 'to hold power'. Thus, it signifies a strong or complete exercise of power or control.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-gon

Translations: I led, I brought, they led, they brought

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ago' (ἄγω), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The form 'ēgagon' (ἡγαγον) can function as either the first person singular ('I led/brought') or the third person plural ('they led/brought') depending on the context. It describes a completed action in the past, often referring to the act of guiding, conducting, or bringing someone or something from one place to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩΓΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'ago' (ἄγω) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek with a wide range of applications related to movement and leading.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-krah-TAY-sai

Translations: to overpower, to master, to prevail against, to take possession of, to seize, to subdue

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold'. Together, it means to gain complete mastery or control over something or someone, often implying a forceful or decisive action. It describes the act of overcoming an opponent or taking firm possession of a place or thing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΡΑΤΕΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold power'.

G3329

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-TAL-lohn

Translations: of metals, of mines, of a mine, of a metal

Notes: This word refers to metals or mines. It is used to describe something belonging to or associated with metals or mining operations. For example, it could refer to the products of a mine or the mines themselves.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΡΥΓΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΕΤΑΛΛΕΥΜΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon), meaning 'mine, metal'. Its origin is uncertain, possibly from a root meaning 'to search' or 'to explore'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-lay

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will, decision, a decision

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, a plan, a purpose, or a decision. It denotes the act of deliberating or the result of such deliberation, often implying a firm intention or resolution. It can be used in contexts referring to human plans or, more profoundly, to the divine will or purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΜΑ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, wish, or purpose'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G3115

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-kroh-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: patience, longsuffering, endurance, a patience, a longsuffering, an endurance

Notes: This word is a compound noun, combining 'μακρός' (makros), meaning 'long' or 'large', and 'θυμός' (thymos), meaning 'temper', 'passion', or 'spirit'. It refers to the quality of being patient, especially in enduring wrongs or provocations without immediate retaliation or anger. It signifies a long-suffering spirit, a steadfastness in the face of adversity, or a delay in avenging wrongs. It is often used to describe God's patience towards humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΟΝΗ, ΑΝΟΧΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΚΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ is a compound of two Greek words: μακρός (makros), meaning 'long' or 'large', and θυμός (thymos), meaning 'temper', 'passion', or 'spirit'. It literally means 'long-tempered' or 'long-spirited'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3588, G3739

Part of Speech: Article, Pronoun, Numeral

Sounds like: HAY

Translations: the, who, which, what, that, she, a, an, 8

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline. It most commonly represents the feminine nominative singular definite article 'ἡ' (he), meaning 'the' or 'a/an'. It can also represent the feminine nominative singular relative pronoun 'ἥ' (he), meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'. Additionally, 'Η' (eta) can function as the numeral 8 in the Greek numbering system. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for article/pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)

G0568

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-PEKH-ohn

Translations: being distant, being far off, having received in full, having received payment, having enough

Notes: ΑΠΕΧΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΑΠΕΧΩ. It can mean 'to be distant' or 'to be far off' in a spatial sense. It also has a financial or commercial meaning, signifying 'to have received in full' or 'to have received payment,' often implying a complete and final receipt, leaving no further claim.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΕΙ, ΑΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΕΧΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ΕΧΩ (ECHO), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold.' This combination gives rise to its dual meanings of 'holding away from' (being distant) and 'having received in full' (holding something away from further claim).

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-el-THON-ton

Translations: of those who came upon, of those who came against, of those who approached, of those who arrived, of those who befell

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine participle of the verb 'eperchomai', meaning 'to come upon', 'to approach', 'to arrive', or 'to befall'. It describes an action of coming or arriving, often with an implication of hostility or a significant event. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and in this genitive plural form, it refers to 'of those who came upon' or 'of those who arrived'.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1954

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-LOI-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining ones, the others, those who remain

Notes: This word refers to those who are left over or remain from a larger group or quantity. It is often used substantively, meaning 'the remaining ones' or 'the rest' of a group of people or things. For example, after some have departed or been dealt with, this term refers to those who are still present.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΛΟΙΠΟΣ (epiloipos) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the adjective ΛΟΙΠΟΣ (loipos), meaning 'remaining' or 'the rest'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: di-DO-a-sin

Translations: they give, they are giving, they grant, they offer

Notes: This word means 'they give' or 'they are giving'. It describes the action of multiple subjects providing, granting, or offering something. It is used in sentences where a group of people or things are performing the act of giving.

Inflection: Third person plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is related to words for giving in many Indo-European languages.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G2772

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ki-tee-AH-ee-ohn

Translations: of Citium, of the Kittim, of the Cypriots

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Citium (modern Larnaca) on the island of Cyprus, or more broadly, to the people of Cyprus. In some contexts, it can refer to the 'Kittim' mentioned in the Old Testament, who were descendants of Javan and are often associated with Cyprus or other Mediterranean islands. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'from the land of the Kittim' or 'belonging to the people of Citium'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from Κίτιον (Kition), an ancient city-kingdom on the southern coast of Cyprus. The name is of Semitic origin, likely related to the Hebrew 'Kittim'.

G1869

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-eer-MEN-oos

Translations: lifted up, exalted, raised, carried high, arrogant, haughty

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epairo', meaning 'to lift up' or 'to raise'. It describes something or someone that has been lifted up, either literally in position or figuratively in status, often implying arrogance or haughtiness when referring to people. It can be used to describe a state of being elevated or proud.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΥΨΩΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΑΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-YOO-theh-tah

Translations: go, depart, travel, proceed, be gone

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'poreuomai', meaning 'to go' or 'to depart'. It describes an action of moving from one place to another. In this specific form, it indicates a command or instruction for someone to go or depart, or it can describe a state of having gone.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Imperative, Aorist, Passive; or Third Person Plural, Indicative, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'poreuomai' is derived from the Greek noun 'poros', meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies the act of making one's way or journeying.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tah

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, experiencing, a having, a holding

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing. It can also be used to describe a state of being or experiencing something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often indicating a continuous action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is related to other Greek words like ἕξις (héxis, 'habit, state') and ὀχή (ochḗ, 'support').

G1663

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LEH-fahn-tas

Translations: elephant, ivory

Notes: This noun refers to an elephant, the large land mammal. It can also refer to ivory, the material obtained from an elephant's tusks. In ancient texts, it is often used to describe objects made of ivory or to refer to the animal itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "elephas" is of uncertain origin, possibly from a non-Indo-European language, or perhaps from an Egyptian word. It was adopted into Greek and subsequently into Latin, from which many modern European languages derive their words for 'elephant' and 'ivory'.

G4937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-TREE-bee

Translations: was broken, was crushed, was shattered, was bruised

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be broken,' 'to be crushed,' or 'to be shattered.' It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'συντρίβω' (syntribō), indicating an action that was completed in the past and was done to the subject. It can be used to describe physical breaking or crushing, or metaphorically, such as being broken in spirit.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΛΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood, they stood up, they were set, they were appointed, they were established

Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'histemi'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, indicating that they took a stand, were placed, or were established in a particular position or state. It can refer to physical standing or a more metaphorical establishment.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ, ΣΤΗΚΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DI-DOH-nai

Translations: to give, to grant, to bestow, to offer, to deliver

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to express the action of giving, granting, or delivering something. For example, it can be used in constructions like 'to be able to give' or 'for the purpose of giving'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, characteristic of many verbs in Ancient Greek.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ohn-tas

Translations: ruling, reigning, being king, kings, those who rule, those who reign

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'ruling' or 'reigning'. It describes someone who is actively exercising royal power or acting as a king. It can be used substantively to refer to 'those who are ruling' or 'kings'. In the provided context, it is in the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of an action, referring to multiple individuals who are ruling.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΑΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2462

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: in-dee-KEN

Translations: Indian, of India

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Indian' or 'of India'. It is used to describe something that originates from or is related to India. In the provided context, it modifies 'ΧΩΡΑΝ' (country/land), indicating 'the Indian land' or 'the land of India'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΙΝΔΙΚΟΣ' is derived from 'ΙΝΔΟΣ' (Indos), meaning 'Indian' or 'Indus River', which itself comes from the ancient name for the Indus River and the region beyond it.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G2570

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kal-LIS-toh

Translations: most beautiful, fairest, best, most excellent, a most beautiful, the most beautiful

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'καλός' (kalos), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful'. As a superlative, it means 'most beautiful', 'fairest', 'best', or 'most excellent'. It is used to describe something or someone as having the highest degree of beauty, goodness, or quality among a group. For example, it could be used to say 'the most beautiful land' or 'the best thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative; or Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'καλός' (kalos) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to call' or 'to sound'. It developed to mean 'beautiful' or 'good' in Greek, and 'ΚΑΛΛΙΣΤΩ' is its superlative form.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TAS

Translations: them, these, those, her, it, the same

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' (intensive), 'he, she, it, they' (personal pronoun, often emphatic), or 'the same' (demonstrative). In this specific inflected form, it is the accusative plural feminine, meaning it refers to multiple feminine objects or persons as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can be translated as 'them' (feminine), 'these' (feminine), or 'those' (feminine).

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-doh-kahn

Translations: they gave, they did give, they granted, they delivered

Notes: This word is a verb in the past tense, specifically the aorist active indicative, meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving, granting, or delivering that was completed in the past by a group of people. It is often used to describe a straightforward act of bestowing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΩΚΑΝ, ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΑΠΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, indicating a continuous or repeated action in its present forms, though here it is in the aorist, which focuses on the completed action.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1011

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-boo-LEH-oo-san-toh

Translations: they counseled, they consulted, they deliberated, they resolved, they purposed

Notes: This word describes the action of a group of people taking counsel together, deliberating, or making a decision. It implies a process of thought and discussion leading to a resolution or plan. It is often used in contexts where a group of individuals, such as leaders or advisors, come together to decide on a course of action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΓΝΩΜΟΔΟΤΕΩ

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-A-rai

Translations: to take out, to remove, to destroy, to carry away, to lift up, to root out, to pluck out

Notes: This is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἐξαίρω (exairō), which is a compound verb formed from ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of') and αἴρω (airō, meaning 'to lift, to take up'). It means to take something out, remove it, or destroy it completely. It can be used in contexts of physical removal, or more metaphorically, to eliminate or eradicate something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOHS-thay

Translations: was known, was recognized, was learned, became known

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to recognize'. In this form, it indicates that something was known or recognized by someone or became known. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject is the recipient of the action of knowing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΝΩΡΙΣΘΗ, ΕΦΑΝΕΡΩΘΗ

Etymology: The verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-, meaning 'to know'. It is related to Latin 'gnosco' and English 'know'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G5134

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: trow-ma-TEE-ai

Translations: wounded men, wounded people, injured men, injured people

Notes: This word refers to individuals who have suffered a wound or injury. It is used to describe those who are physically harmed, often in battle or through an accident. It functions as a plural noun in a sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΡΩΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΕΠΛΗΓΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΥΜΑΤΙΑΣ (traumatias) comes from the Greek word ΤΡΑΥΜΑ (trauma), meaning 'wound' or 'injury'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G4227

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-proh-noh-MEV-seh

Translations: he plundered, he pillaged, he took as spoil

Notes: This word describes the action of plundering, pillaging, or taking spoil from an enemy or a conquered place. It implies a forceful taking of possessions, often after a military victory or invasion. It is used to describe someone who has seized goods or property.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προνομεύω (pronoméuo) is derived from the noun προνομή (pronomē), meaning 'plunder' or 'booty', which itself comes from πρό (pro, 'before') and νέμω (nemō, 'to distribute' or 'to pasture'). The idea is to take or distribute something before others, implying a seizure of spoils.

G2616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-KRAH-tay-sen

Translations: prevailed against, overcame, mastered, held fast, took possession of

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to rule'. It signifies to prevail over someone or something, to overcome, or to take firm hold of. It implies a strong, decisive victory or mastery in a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΥΠΕΡΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρατέω (katakrateō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to prevail'. The verb κρατέω itself derives from κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, dominion'.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-THEI-len

Translations: he cast down, he pulled down, he threw down, he overthrew, he took down, he brought down

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'καθαιρέω' (kathaireō). It means 'he/she/it cast down,' 'pulled down,' 'threw down,' 'overthrew,' 'took down,' or 'brought down.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, often implying a forceful or decisive removal from a higher position or state. For example, it can be used to describe the overthrowing of rulers or the demolition of structures.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΒΑΛΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΣΤΡΕΨΕΝ, ΑΝΕΤΡΕΨΕΝ

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-THEH-ee-lan

Translations: they pulled down, they threw down, they tore down, they demolished, they cast down

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb καθαιρέω (kathairéō), meaning "to pull down" or "to demolish." It is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (katá), meaning "down," and the verb αἱρέω (hairéō), meaning "to take" or "to seize." Therefore, it literally means "to take down" or "to pull down." It is used to describe the act of dismantling, destroying, or overthrowing something, such as altars, buildings, or even authorities.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

G4227

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ro-no-MEV-san

Translations: they plundered, they pillaged, they took as spoil, they carried off as spoil

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to plunder,' 'to pillage,' or 'to take as spoil.' It describes the act of seizing goods or property, especially during warfare or conflict. It implies a forceful taking of possessions from others. The form provided indicates that a group of people performed this action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G2615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-doo-LOH-sahn-toh

Translations: they enslaved, they brought into bondage, they made slaves of

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'δουλόω' (douloo), meaning 'to enslave' or 'to make a slave'. The combined meaning is to completely enslave or bring into subjection. It describes the act of reducing someone to a state of servitude or bondage.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1954

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-LOI-poos

Translations: remaining, the rest, the others, the ones left over

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'remaining' or 'left over'. It describes what is left after a part has been taken away or dealt with. It can be used to refer to people or things that constitute the remainder of a group or quantity.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΟΙΠΟΥΣ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ΕΠΙ' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and 'ΛΟΙΠΟΣ' (loipos), meaning 'remaining' or 'the rest'. It signifies what is left over or remaining in addition to something else.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NES-tay-san

Translations: they rose up, they stood up, they were raised, they arose

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi). It means 'to cause to rise, to raise up, to stand up, to arise, to rise from the dead'. In this form, it indicates that a group of people or things 'rose up' or 'stood up' in the past. It can refer to physical rising, rising from the dead, or rising in opposition.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and ἵστημι (hístēmi, 'to stand, to set').

G2704

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tef-THEY-ran

Translations: they destroyed, they corrupted, they ruined, they wasted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely,' and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), meaning 'to corrupt' or 'to destroy.' The combined meaning is 'to utterly destroy,' 'to ruin completely,' or 'to corrupt thoroughly.' It describes an action of complete devastation or moral decay carried out by a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ, ΟΛΕΘΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely,' and the verb φθείρω (phtheirō), which means 'to corrupt,' 'to destroy,' or 'to decay.' The prefix intensifies the meaning of the verb, indicating a complete or thorough destruction.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1879

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ah-nah-pah-YOH-meh-noh

Translations: resting, relying, settling, finding rest, to rest upon, to rely upon

Notes: This word describes the act of resting upon something, settling down, or relying on someone or something. It implies a sense of finding peace or security in a particular place or person. It is a compound word formed from 'επι' (upon), 'ανα' (up, again), and 'παυω' (to cease, to rest).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine/Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ

G4933

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-tay-RAY-sahn

Translations: they kept, they preserved, they observed, they guarded, they held fast

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition "σύν" (with, together) and the verb "τηρέω" (to keep, guard, observe). It means to keep together, to preserve, to observe carefully, or to guard. It is used to describe an action where a group of people or multiple entities perform the act of keeping or preserving something collectively or thoroughly.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΤΗΡΕΩ

G1451

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: ENG-goos

Translations: near, nigh, at hand, close, ready, almost, of near

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'at hand', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'near to' or 'close to' something. For example, it might describe a person being physically close to a place, or an event being imminent. It can also convey the sense of 'almost' or 'ready'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΓΥΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁en- meaning 'in' or 'on'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to denote proximity.

G3117

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: MAH-krah

Translations: long, far, distant, a long time, for a long time

Notes: ΜΑΚΡΑ is an adjective meaning 'long' or 'far'. It can describe physical distance, duration of time, or a state of being distant. When used as an adverb, it means 'far away' or 'for a long time'. It is often used to indicate a significant separation in space or time.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; or Feminine, Vocative, Singular; or Neuter, Nominative, Plural; or Neuter, Accusative, Plural; or Neuter, Vocative, Plural. It can also function as an adverb.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΕΚΤΕΝΗΣ, ΑΠΩΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΚΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'long' or 'tall'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of length or distance.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-on

Translations: I was hearing, they were hearing, I heard, they heard, I was listening, they were listening, I obeyed, they obeyed

Notes: This word is an imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'akouo', meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or the beginning of an action. It can also imply obedience, meaning 'to obey' or 'to heed'. The form 'ΗΚΟΥΟΝ' specifically refers to either 'I was hearing/listening/obeying' (first person singular) or 'they were hearing/listening/obeying' (third person plural).

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΕΝΩΤΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo-een

Translations: to reign, to rule, to be king, to be a king

Notes: This word means to reign, to rule, or to act as a king. As an infinitive, it often functions like an English 'to' verb, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to reign' or 'for ruling'. It describes the exercise of royal authority or sovereignty.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ (basileuō) comes from the noun ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ (basileus), meaning 'king'. It describes the action or state of being a king.

G3179

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meth-is-TOH-sin

Translations: they remove, they transfer, they change, they displace, they depose

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to remove, transfer, or change. It implies causing someone or something to move from one place or state to another, often with the sense of displacing, deposing, or altering. It can be used in contexts of political change, physical relocation, or a shift in condition.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετά (metá, 'with, among, after') and ἵστημι (hístēmi, 'to stand, to set'). The combination implies a change of position or state.

G5312

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eep-soh-THEH-san

Translations: they were lifted up, they were exalted, they were raised, they were elevated

Notes: This word describes an action where a group of people or things were lifted up, raised, or exalted. It is in the passive voice, indicating that the subjects of the verb received the action rather than performing it. It can refer to physical elevation or a metaphorical raising in status or pride.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΗΘΗΣΑΝ, ΕΠΑΡΘΗΣΑΝ, ΑΝΥΨΩΘΗΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΟΩ (hypsoo) comes from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It refers to the act of raising something to a higher position or exalting it.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G2029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-then-toh

Translations: they laid upon, they put upon, they attacked, they assailed, they joined in

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and the verb 'τίθημι' (to place, to put). It means to lay or put something upon someone or something, often with the implication of an attack, assault, or imposition. It can also mean to join in with others in an action, especially an attack or a statement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-day-mah

Translations: diadem, a diadem, crown, a crown

Notes: A diadem is a type of crown, specifically a headband or fillet worn as a symbol of royalty or authority. It signifies sovereign power and is typically worn by kings, queens, or other rulers. It is often used in contexts describing the investiture or display of royal authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διάδημα (diádēma), from διαδέω (diadéō, “to bind around”), from διά (diá, “through, across”) + δέω (déō, “to bind”). It refers to something bound around the head.

G4016

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-bah-lon-toh

Translations: they put on, they clothed themselves, they wrapped around, they surrounded

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around,' and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw.' Together, it means to throw around, to put on clothing, to clothe oneself, or to surround something. It is often used to describe the act of putting on garments or other coverings.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-droo-THEE-nai

Translations: to ripen, to mature, to grow ripe, to grow mature

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'αδρύνω' (adrynō), meaning 'to ripen' or 'to mature'. It describes the process of something becoming fully developed or ready, often in a natural sense like fruit ripening. In a sentence, it would indicate the action of something reaching its full state of readiness or maturity.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΙΟΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: The verb 'αδρύνω' (adrynō) is derived from the adjective 'ἁδρός' (hadros), meaning 'thick, stout, strong, ripe'. It signifies the process of becoming 'hadros' or reaching a state of fullness and maturity.

G1010

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: boo-ley-TEE-ree-on

Translations: council-chamber, senate-house, council-hall, a council-chamber, a senate-house, a council-hall

Notes: This word refers to a place where a council or senate meets to deliberate and make decisions. It is a building or hall specifically designated for such gatherings. It is a compound word derived from 'βουλή' (counsel, plan) and the suffix '-τήριον' (place for).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΡΙΟΝ is derived from the Greek word βουλεύω (bouleuo), meaning 'to take counsel, deliberate,' which itself comes from βουλή (boule), meaning 'counsel, plan, will, decision.' The suffix -τήριον (-terion) indicates a place where an action is performed.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G1011

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-boo-LEH-oo-toh

Translations: he was deliberating, he was counseling, he was planning, he was deciding, he was resolving

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'bouleuō', meaning 'to deliberate', 'to counsel', or 'to plan'. In this specific form, it describes an ongoing action in the past, indicating that someone was in the process of deliberating or making a decision. It implies a thoughtful and often collective process of considering options before reaching a conclusion.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'bouleuō' comes from 'boulē' (βουλή), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan', which itself is derived from 'boulomai' (βούλομαι), meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'.

G1011

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LEH-oo-meh-noy

Translations: deliberating, planning, consulting, devising, those who are deliberating, those who are planning

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'deliberating' or 'planning'. It describes individuals who are in the process of making a decision, forming a plan, or consulting together. It can be used to refer to 'those who are deliberating' or 'the ones who are planning'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G2156

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-KOS-main

Translations: to be orderly, to be well-ordered, to be decent, to behave properly

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to be orderly' or 'to behave properly'. It describes the state or action of being well-arranged, decent, or decorous. It is often used in contexts relating to good conduct or appropriate behavior, particularly in a public or religious setting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΕΙΝ, ΕΥΤΑΚΤΕΙΝ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective εὔκοσμος (eukosmos), meaning 'well-ordered, decent', which is a compound of εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and κόσμος (kosmos), meaning 'order, arrangement, ornament'.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-sin

Translations: they believe, they are believing, they trust, they are trusting, they have faith, they are having faith

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to believe', 'to trust', or 'to have faith'. It describes the action of placing one's confidence or reliance in someone or something. It is often used in the context of religious faith, indicating belief in God or a divine message, but can also refer to trusting in a person or an object. It is the third person plural present active indicative form of the verb.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-khein

Translations: to rule, to govern, to lead, to begin, to be first, to hold dominion

Notes: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΑΡΧΩ. It signifies the action of ruling, governing, leading, or beginning. It can be used in sentences where the subject is performing the action of exercising authority or initiating something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΧΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to begin, to lead, to be first'. It is related to words signifying origin, beginning, and authority.

G2961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koo-ree-YOO-ayn

Translations: to rule, to have dominion over, to be lord over, to master, to control, to prevail over

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to exercise authority or control over something or someone. It implies having power, dominion, or mastery. It can be used in contexts where one person or entity holds sway over another, or where a quality or force dominates a situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΔΕΣΠΟΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ (kyrieuō) is derived from ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios), meaning 'lord' or 'master'. It signifies the act of being a lord or master, or exercising the authority of one.

G5355

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FTHO-nos

Translations: envy, jealousy, a grudge, ill-will

Notes: This word refers to the feeling of envy or jealousy, often accompanied by ill-will or a grudge towards another person's possessions, advantages, or success. It describes a negative emotion that can lead to harmful actions or attitudes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΒΑΣΚΑΝΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'φθόνος' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'φθάνω' (to anticipate, to be before), implying a sense of being outdone or surpassed.

G2205

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ZAY-los

Translations: zeal, jealousy, envy, indignation, a zeal, a jealousy, an envy, an indignation

Notes: This word refers to intense passion or fervor, which can manifest in both positive and negative ways. It can mean a strong enthusiasm or devotion (zeal), or a negative emotion like jealousy or envy, often accompanied by indignation or rivalry. Its meaning depends on the context, indicating either a commendable passion for something good or a destructive, resentful feeling towards others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΟΣ, ΕΡΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΖΗΛΟΣ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to boil' or 'to ferment,' suggesting an intense, bubbling emotion. It is related to the verb ζέω (zeō), meaning 'to boil' or 'to be hot.'

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo

Translations: of John

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It refers to the well-known biblical figure, John the Baptist, or other individuals named John. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the book of John'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Yochanan', meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name in ancient Israel and became prominent through figures like John the Baptist and John the Apostle.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-steh-len

Translations: he sent, he sent away, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a delegation of authority or a dispatching from one place to another. It is frequently used in the context of sending messengers, apostles, or even objects.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστέλλω (apostellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from'.

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, (to) Rome, (in) Rome

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ῥώμη (Rhōmē), which refers to the city of Rome. It is a proper noun, typically used to denote the capital city of the Roman Empire. In this abbreviated form, it most likely represents the dative case, meaning 'to Rome' or 'in Rome', or potentially the nominative case 'Rome'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative or Nominative

Etymology: From Greek ῥώμη (rhōmē, “strength, power”), possibly referring to the city's strength or its founding by Romulus.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: STAY-sai

Translations: to stand, to set, to establish, to appoint, to make to stand

Notes: ΣΤΗΣΑΙ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It means 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand,' and can also convey the sense of 'to set,' 'to establish,' or 'to appoint.' As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to' + verb, indicating purpose or result, and can be used in various grammatical constructions.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand.' It is a common verb in ancient Greek, with many derivatives and compounds.

G0142, G0686

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: ah-RAI

Translations: to take up, to lift, to carry away, to remove, to destroy, to curse, a curse, a prayer, a vow

Notes: This word has multiple possible meanings depending on its root. It can be an infinitive form of the verb 'ΑΙΡΩ' (airo), meaning 'to take up, lift, carry away, remove, or destroy'. In this sense, it describes the action of physically moving something upwards or taking it away, or metaphorically removing something from existence. It can also be a form of the noun 'ΑΡΑ' (ara), which means 'a curse', 'a prayer', or 'a vow'. In this sense, it refers to an imprecation or a solemn promise made to a deity.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive (from ΑΙΡΩ); Nominative Plural, Feminine (from ΑΡΑ); Vocative Plural, Feminine (from ΑΡΑ)

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΑ

G2218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zy-GOH

Translations: yoke, a yoke, balance, a balance, pair, a pair

Notes: The word refers to a wooden bar or frame by which two draft animals (like oxen) are joined at the neck or shoulders for working together. Metaphorically, it can represent a burden, servitude, or submission, such as the 'yoke of the law' or the 'yoke of Christ'. It can also refer to a pair of things, or a balance/scales used for weighing, particularly in the context of commerce or justice.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΒΑΡΟΣ, ΖΕΥΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to join' or 'to yoke'. It is related to words for joining and coupling.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh

Translations: he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao) or 'εἴδω' (eido), which means 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It describes a completed action of seeing in the past, often implying a sudden or definite act of perception. It is used to state that a specific individual (he, she, or it) performed the action of seeing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'εἶδον' (eidon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense, specifically from an older root related to 'knowing' or 'seeing'.

G1397

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-LEE-ah

Translations: slavery, bondage, servitude, a slavery, a bondage, a servitude

Notes: This word refers to the state of being a slave or servant, or the condition of servitude. It describes the state of being under the power or control of another, often implying a lack of freedom or autonomy. It can be used in contexts referring to literal slavery or metaphorical bondage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΥΛΙΑ (doulia) is derived from the Greek word ΔΟΥΛΟΣ (doulos), meaning 'slave' or 'servant'. It describes the state or condition associated with a doulos.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, said, spoke

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'I spoke'. It is a common verb used to report direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The aorist stem εἶπον (eîpon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense forms of 'to say' (like λέγω). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak'.

G3129

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Mak-ka-BAH-yos

Translations: Maccabaeus

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Judas Maccabaeus, a Jewish leader who led the Maccabean Revolt against the Seleucid Empire in the 2nd century BC. He is a significant figure in Jewish history, known for his military prowess and his role in the rededication of the Second Temple, which is commemorated by the festival of Hanukkah. The name 'Maccabaeus' itself is thought to mean 'hammer' or 'extinguisher'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Maccabaeus' is believed to be derived from the Aramaic word 'maqqaba' (מַקָּבָא), meaning 'hammer', or from the Hebrew 'makkabi' (מכבי), meaning 'extinguisher' or 'queller'. It was a surname given to Judas, likely due to his military effectiveness.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ei-RAY-nayn

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can describe a cessation of conflict, a sense of well-being, or a harmonious relationship between individuals or groups. It is often used in contexts of spiritual or social peace.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē) is derived from the Greek verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together'. It originally conveyed the idea of a state of being joined together in unity and harmony, leading to the meaning of peace.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: grah-FEE-nai

Translations: to write, to be written, to record, to register

Notes: This is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'graphō', meaning 'to write'. It indicates an action of writing that is completed or viewed as a whole, and the subject of the action is being acted upon (passive voice). As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun and can be used in various grammatical constructions, often after verbs like 'to command' or 'to wish'. For example, 'he commanded to be written' or 'it is necessary to write'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: fee-LOOS

Translations: friends, beloved ones, dear ones, beloved, dear

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'beloved one', or as an adjective meaning 'dear' or 'beloved'. It is used to refer to individuals or groups who are cherished, loved, or closely associated with someone. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to 'friends' or 'beloved ones' in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

G0700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEH-reh-seh

Translations: it pleased, it was pleasing, it was agreeable, it was acceptable

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'areskō'. It means 'it pleased' or 'it was pleasing/agreeable/acceptable'. It describes something that was satisfactory or well-received, often in the sense of being agreeable to someone or something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΡΕΣΚΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀρέσκω (areskō) is derived from the root ἀρ- (ar-), which is related to fitting, joining, or being suitable. It conveys the idea of something being well-fitted or agreeable.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G0499

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GRAF-on

Translations: copy, a copy, transcript, a transcript, duplicate, a duplicate

Notes: This word refers to a copy or a transcript of an original document. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is written in place of' or 'a counter-writing'. It is used to denote a reproduction of a text or record.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ, ΥΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It describes something written as a counterpart or reproduction of an original.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G0479

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-te-GRAHP-san

Translations: they copied, they transcribed, they wrote back, they answered by writing

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. Therefore, it means 'to write back', 'to copy', or 'to transcribe'. It describes the action of reproducing text or responding in written form. For example, one might 'copy' a document or 'write back' a reply to a letter.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΕΓΡΑΦΟΝ, ΑΝΤΕΓΡΑΦΕΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sah-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem), which is the Greek name for Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center. It is a proper noun referring to the city itself. The apostrophe-like mark at the end (ʼ) is a keraia, which can sometimes indicate a number, but in this context, it is most likely a scribal mark or a variant of the abbreviation for the city name. It is used to refer to the city in various contexts, such as its inhabitants, its structures, or people coming from it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative (indeclinable)

Etymology: The name Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem) is of Hebrew origin, derived from יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushalayim). It is a compound word, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G3422

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnee-MO-sy-non

Translations: memorial, remembrance, a memorial, a remembrance

Notes: This word refers to something that serves as a reminder or a monument, often commemorating a person, event, or covenant. It can be used to describe an act of remembrance, a physical object, or a lasting legacy.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΗ, ΥΠΟΜΝΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word μνήμη (mnēmē), meaning 'memory' or 'remembrance'. It refers to something that brings to mind or preserves the memory of a person or event.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nays

Translations: of peace, peace

Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. In a broader sense, it encompasses prosperity and security. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of peace' or 'belonging to peace'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ

Etymology: From the verb ΕΙΡΩ (eirō), meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of being joined or united in harmony. It is related to the concept of wholeness and completeness.

G4849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-ma-KHEE-as

Translations: of alliance, of a military alliance, of confederacy, of assistance in war

Notes: This word refers to a military alliance, a confederacy, or the act of providing assistance in war. It is often used in contexts describing agreements or partnerships between groups or nations for mutual defense or offense. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of an alliance' or 'concerning an alliance'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G4514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys

Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans

Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nee

Translations: to the nation, to the people, to the Gentiles, to the heathen

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ἔθνος' (ethnos). It refers to a nation, a people, or a group of people, often with a connotation of being distinct from others, such as the Jewish people or the Gentiles (non-Jews). In its dative form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, meaning 'to the nation' or 'for the people'. It can also refer to a tribe or a race.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟϹ, ΓΕΝΟϹ

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAS-say

Translations: sea, a sea, (to) the sea, (in) the sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as the ocean or a large lake. In its dative form, as seen here, it often indicates location ('in the sea') or direction/recipient ('to the sea'). It is commonly used in ancient texts to describe literal bodies of water, but can also be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ, ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΛΑΣΣΑ is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of Greek speakers. Its precise etymological roots are uncertain, but it is thought to be related to other words describing the sea or watery environments.

G3584

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: xee-RAS

Translations: dry, of dry, of dry land, of dry ground, of the dry place, of the wilderness

Notes: This word primarily means 'dry' and can be used as an adjective to describe something that is not wet. When used as a noun, it refers to 'dry land' or 'dry ground', often in contrast to water. It can also refer to a 'wilderness' or 'desert' area. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of the dry land'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ

G4501

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rom-FEYE-ah

Translations: sword, a sword, dagger, spear

Notes: This word refers to a large, broad sword, often associated with a Thracian or Dacian weapon, or more generally, any sharp weapon like a dagger or spear. It is frequently used metaphorically in the New Testament to represent divine judgment or spiritual conflict. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΑΙΡΑ, ΞΙΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is of Thracian origin, referring to a type of long, straight or curved sword. It was adopted into Greek and Latin.

G1722

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EKH-thros

Translations: hostile, an enemy, an adversary

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is hostile, an enemy, or an adversary. It is used to denote opposition or enmity. It is a compound word formed from 'EK' (out of, from) and 'CHTHROS' (enemy, hostile).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition 'EK' (meaning 'out of' or 'from') and 'CHTHROS' (meaning 'enemy' or 'hostile'). The combination emphasizes the nature of being an enemy or hostile.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G4171

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-leh-mos

Translations: war, a war, battle, a battle, fight, a fight

Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups, or a particular series of battles or campaigns. It can also refer to a struggle or conflict of any kind. It is typically used in the singular, but can also be found in the plural to denote multiple conflicts or aspects of war.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The etymology of ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to fight' or 'to contend'.

G4516

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: ROH-may

Translations: Rome, strength, power, might, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word can refer to the city of Rome, the capital of the Roman Empire. It can also mean 'strength,' 'power,' or 'might,' referring to physical or moral force. In the context of strength, it describes the inherent ability or vigor to accomplish something. It can be used to describe the strength of a person, an animal, or even a concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ῥώμη (rhōmē) meaning 'strength' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ῥώννυμι (rhōnnymi, 'to strengthen'). The city name 'Rome' (Ῥώμη) is thought to be derived from this word, implying 'the city of strength' or 'the strong city'.

G4848

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sym-MAH-khoys

Translations: (to) allies, (to) confederates

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'σύμμαχος' (symmachos), meaning 'ally' or 'confederate'. It refers to individuals or groups who join forces with another, typically in a military or political context, to achieve a common goal or provide mutual support. It is used when indicating the recipients of an action or the beneficiaries of something, as in 'to the allies' or 'for the confederates'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΙ, ΒΟΗΘΟΙ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentile, a Gentile, heathen, a heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it is frequently used in the plural (ἔθνη) to refer to 'the Gentiles' or 'the nations,' distinguishing non-Jewish peoples from the Jewish people. It can also simply mean a large group of people sharing common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group defined by common customs.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-ROS

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, appointed time, an appointed time, opportune time, an opportune time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical moment or a season of activity, as opposed to chronological time (chronos). It is used to denote the right or proper time for something to happen or be done.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology of 'ΚΑΙΡΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κείρω' (keirō), meaning 'to cut', possibly referring to a 'cut' or 'decisive' moment in time.

G5261

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-gra-FEE

Translations: signature, a signature, subscription, a subscription, description, a description, copy, a copy, example, an example, pattern, a pattern

Notes: This word refers to a writing or drawing made underneath something, or a copy of something. It can mean a signature, a subscription (as in a written agreement), a description, or a copy/example/pattern. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning under) and 'γραφή' (graphē, meaning writing or drawing).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΗ, ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΗ, ΕΙΚΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo, meaning under) and the noun 'γραφή' (graphē, meaning writing or drawing), which comes from the verb 'γράφω' (graphō, meaning to write or draw).

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pleh-MOO-sin

Translations: they fill, they fulfill, they complete, they accomplish, they carry out

Notes: This word is the third person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'πληρόω' (plēroō). It means 'they fill' or 'they fulfill,' indicating an action of bringing something to completion or making it full. It can be used in various contexts, such as filling a container, fulfilling a prophecy, or completing a task.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΟΩ

G1884

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ar-ke-SOU-sin

Translations: they will suffice, they will be sufficient, they will be enough, they will help, they will assist

Notes: This word describes the action of being sufficient, adequate, or providing aid and assistance. It implies that something or someone will be enough for a particular purpose or will come to the aid of another.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΣΟΥΣΙΝ, ΒΟΗΘΗΣΟΥΣΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΡΚΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΑΡΚΕΩ (ARKEŌ), meaning 'to be sufficient' or 'to ward off'. Thus, it conveys the idea of being sufficient or helping in addition to what is already there.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4621

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SEE-tos

Translations: grain, a grain, corn, a corn, wheat, a wheat, food, a food

Notes: This word refers to grain, especially wheat, or more generally, food. It is often used in contexts related to agriculture, provisions, or sustenance. It can be used to describe the crop itself or the prepared food derived from it.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΙΤΕΙΑ, ΣΙΤΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word "σῖτος" (sitos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to refer to grain or food.

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-seh

Translations: it seemed good, it was decided, it was thought, it was resolved, it was determined

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided/resolved'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a resolution made by a group or an authority, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or fitting. For example, 'it seemed good to the Romans' implies that the Romans decided something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΚΡΙΘΗ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAX-oh-tai

Translations: they will be guarded, they will be kept, they will be preserved, they will be watched

Notes: This word is the third person plural future passive indicative form of the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, keep, protect, or preserve'. It indicates an action that will be performed upon the subject in the future, specifically that 'they' will be the recipients of the guarding or keeping. It is used to describe a future state of being protected or observed.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΗΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΧΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ

Etymology: The verb φυλάσσω (phylassō) is derived from φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'watcher'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-then

Translations: nothing, no one, not anything, a nothing

Notes: This word means 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is an alternative form of 'οὐδέν' (ouden) and functions as a negative pronoun or adjective. It is used to express the complete absence or non-existence of something or someone. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'he has nothing' or 'there is no one'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΙΣ (oudeis) is a compound of ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and ΔΕΙΣ (deis, 'one', related to εἷς, heis). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4819

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-BEE

Translations: may happen, may occur, may come to pass, may befall, may result

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'συμβαίνω' (symbainō), meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. In its present form, 'συμβῇ' is used to express a potential or desired event, often translated with 'may' or 'might'. It describes something that comes to pass or takes place.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ

G4847

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ma-KHE-soo-sin

Translations: they will fight with, they will make war with, they will be allies with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ (MACHOMAI), meaning 'to fight'. Therefore, ΣΥΝΜΑΧΗΣΟΥΣΙΝ means 'they will fight together' or 'they will be allies in war'. It describes a future action where multiple parties engage in conflict alongside each other.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΜΑΧΕΩ is derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ (MACHOMAI), meaning 'to fight'. The nu (ν) of ΣΥΝ assimilates to a mu (μ) before a labial consonant like mu (μ) in ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G4847

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-MAH-khoo-see

Translations: they are allied, they are confederate, they are fighting with, they are helping in war

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be an ally,' 'to be confederate,' or 'to fight along with.' It describes the action of people or groups joining forces, typically in a military or combative context, to provide mutual aid or engage in a common struggle. It implies active participation and support in a shared endeavor, often involving conflict.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-sen

Translations: it seemed good, it was decided, it was thought, it seemed, it pleased, it was resolved

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It means 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided/resolved'. It is often used impersonally to express a decision or a consensus, indicating that something was deemed appropriate or agreeable by a group or authority. For example, 'it seemed good to them' or 'it was decided by the Romans'. It can also mean 'it seemed' in a more general sense, referring to an appearance or opinion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word δοκέω (dokeō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek- 'to take, accept'. It is related to words meaning 'to receive' or 'to seem'.

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAS-soo-sin

Translations: they guard, they keep, they watch, they observe, they preserve

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to guard, keep, watch over, or preserve. It is used to describe the action of protecting something or someone, or of observing a law or custom. It can also refer to the act of maintaining or preserving a state or condition. For example, it might be used to say 'they guard the city' or 'they keep the commandments'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G1388

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DO-loo

Translations: of deceit, of guile, of treachery, of fraud, of trickery

Notes: This word refers to deceit, guile, treachery, or trickery. It describes a cunning or deceptive way of acting or speaking, often with the intent to mislead or harm. It is typically used to characterize actions, words, or intentions that are not straightforward or honest.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΥΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ

Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a word meaning 'bait' or 'snare'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-ay-SOHN-tay

Translations: they will make, they will do, they will produce, they will create, they will perform, they will accomplish

Notes: This is a verb in the future middle indicative or aorist middle subjunctive mood. In the future middle indicative, it describes an action that the subject will perform for themselves or on their own behalf. In the aorist middle subjunctive, it expresses a potential or desired action that the subject might perform for themselves, often found in clauses expressing purpose, result, or condition. The core meaning revolves around making, doing, or producing something.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future Middle Indicative or Aorist Middle Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH-sin

Translations: they may take away, they may remove, they may cut off, they may amputate

Notes: This word describes the action of taking something away, removing it, or cutting it off. It can be used in various contexts, from physically removing an object to metaphorically taking away a right or privilege. It implies a separation or detachment from something.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: From ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and αἱρέω (haireō, "to take, seize").

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kah-KOHN

Translations: (of) bad things, (of) evils, (of) calamities, (of) troubles

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ΚΑΚΟΣ', meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. When used substantively, as it often is in the genitive plural, it refers to 'evils', 'calamities', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are harmful, morally corrupt, or cause distress. It can be used to describe the source or nature of something negative.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. It is related to words signifying 'to hurt' or 'to wound'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-teh-LEH-tai

Translations: is completed, is finished, is brought to an end, is accomplished, is fulfilled, is performed, is carried out

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (TELEO), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. It describes an action that is being brought to completion, finished, or accomplished. It is often used in a passive sense, indicating that something is being completed or fulfilled by an external agent or by itself.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΙΤΑΙ, ΠΛΗΡΟΥΤΑΙ, ΓΙΝΕΤΑΙ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0926

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-bah-ROO-nas

Translations: you burdened, you weighed down, you made heavy, you made dull

Notes: This word is the second person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'βαρύνω' (barunō). It means 'to burden,' 'to weigh down,' 'to make heavy,' or 'to make dull.' In a sentence, it would describe an action completed in the past by 'you' (singular) that caused something or someone to become heavy, burdened, or dull.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΒΑΡΥΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΡΥΝΩ

Etymology: The verb 'βαρύνω' (barunō) is derived from the adjective 'βαρύς' (barys), meaning 'heavy' or 'weighty'. It signifies the act of making something heavy or burdensome.

G2218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ZOO-gon

Translations: yoke, a yoke, balance, a balance, pair, a pair

Notes: This word refers to a wooden bar or frame that is fitted over the necks of two animals, typically oxen, and attached to a plow or cart, allowing them to pull together. Metaphorically, it can represent a burden, servitude, or submission, but also a connection or partnership. It can also refer to the beam of a balance scale or a pair of things, such as a pair of scales or a pair of animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΡΟΣ, ΖΕΥΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΖΥΓΟΝ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to join' or 'to yoke'. It is related to English words like 'yoke' and 'join'.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, or a follower of Judaism. In its accusative plural form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions, indicating 'Jews' as the recipients of an action or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ' is derived from 'ΙΟΥΔΑ' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It signifies someone belonging to or originating from Judah.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G2089

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EH-tee

Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-too-KHOH-sin

Translations: they may intercede, they may appeal, they may meet with, they may encounter

Notes: This word describes the act of meeting with someone, often with the purpose of making an appeal or interceding on behalf of another. It implies a direct encounter or a formal approach to someone in authority.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen upon' or 'to obtain'. Together, they convey the idea of 'happening upon someone in a particular way' or 'meeting with someone for a purpose'.

G5228