2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-THROY-sen

Translations: he gathered, he collected, he assembled, he brought together

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'athroizo'. It means 'he/she/it gathered' or 'he/she/it collected'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often referring to the act of bringing people or things together into one place.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The verb 'athroizo' comes from the Greek word 'athroos' (ἀθρόος), meaning 'crowded, in a mass, all together'. It is formed by combining the prefix 'a-' (ἀ-) meaning 'together' or 'at the same time' with 'throos' (θρόος), related to 'throeo' (θροέω) meaning 'to cry aloud, to make a noise', implying a gathering with sound or commotion.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-KRAH-tay-seh

Translations: he seized, he took hold of, he held fast, he overcame, he prevailed against, he mastered, he held down

Notes: This word describes the action of seizing, taking firm hold of, or gaining mastery over something or someone. It implies a strong, often forceful, grip or control, and can be used to describe overcoming an opponent or a difficult situation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'κρατέω' (KRATEO), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to rule'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ

G2616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-krah-TAY-seh

Translations: he prevailed, he overpowered, he mastered, he held sway, he took control

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and κρατέω (krateō, 'to be strong, to rule'). It means to prevail over, to overpower, or to master someone or something. It implies a decisive victory or the establishment of complete control. It is used to describe a situation where one party gains dominance or exercises authority over another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρατέω is derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to prevail'. The combination emphasizes the idea of gaining complete power or mastery over something.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered a vast empire. In ancient Greek texts, it is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Alexander' or 'from Alexander'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexander' is of Greek origin, derived from the words 'alexo' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man). It means 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G0455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-NY-go

Translations: opened, was opened, had opened, was opened to him, had been opened

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ἀνοίγω' (anoigō), meaning 'to open'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was acted upon (passive voice). In context, it often means 'it was opened' or 'he/she/it opened (for themselves/was opened to them)'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΓΩ

Etymology: From the prefix 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'οἴγω' (oigō), an older verb meaning 'to open'. The combination signifies 'to open up' or 'to open again'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1785

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-to-LEE

Translations: commandment, a commandment, command, an order, instruction

Notes: This word refers to a command, an order, or an instruction, often with a sense of divine or authoritative decree. It is frequently used in the context of religious or moral precepts, such as God's commandments. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a commandment' or 'They kept the commandments.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐντέλλω (entellō), meaning 'to command' or 'to order'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4876

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-an-TAN

Translations: to meet, to encounter, to come together, to happen upon

Notes: This word means to meet or encounter someone or something, often implying a coming together or a confrontation. It can be used in various contexts, such as meeting a person, encountering an obstacle, or coming together for a purpose like battle. It is the present active infinitive form of the verb.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From σύν (syn, 'with') and ἀντάω (antaō, 'to meet, to come opposite'). It literally means 'to meet with'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-eh-por-YOO-eh-toh

Translations: he was entering, he was going in, he was coming in

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'εἰς' (eis, meaning 'into' or 'to') and 'πορεύομαι' (poreuomai, meaning 'to go' or 'to proceed'). It describes the action of going or coming into a place, often implying a continuous or repeated action in the past. It is used to indicate movement into an enclosed space or a specific location.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εἰς (eis, 'into, to') and πορεύομαι (poreuomai, 'to go, to proceed'). The latter is derived from πόρος (poros, 'a way, a passage').

G4425

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PTO-le-MAH-ee-doss

Translations: of Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais was an ancient city on the coast of Phoenicia, known today as Acre or Akko in modern-day Israel. It was a significant port city during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, often mentioned in historical and biblical texts. The name 'Ptolemais' was given to it by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, an Egyptian pharaoh, in the 3rd century BC.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The city was originally known as Akko. It was renamed Ptolemais by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, a king of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in ancient Egypt, in the 3rd century BC. The name 'Ptolemais' is derived from his name.

G0657

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pe-TAS-se

Translations: he was taking leave, he was bidding farewell, he was renouncing, he was divorcing, he was separating himself

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'apotasso'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to take leave, bid farewell, renounce, or separate oneself from someone or something. In some contexts, it can specifically refer to divorcing a spouse or renouncing worldly possessions.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G0032

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HENG-gei-sa

Translations: I announced, I reported, I brought news, I proclaimed

Notes: This is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. It describes a completed action in the past performed by the speaker. For example, 'I announced the good news' or 'I reported what happened'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō) is derived from the noun 'ἄγγελος' (angelos), meaning 'messenger' or 'angel'. It refers to the action of a messenger, which is to deliver a message or news.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G1709

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-pe-py-REES-meh-non

Translations: burned up, consumed by fire, set on fire, inflamed, scorched

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εν' (in, into) and the verb 'πυρίζω' (to set on fire, to burn). It describes something that has been thoroughly burned or consumed by fire. It can also metaphorically refer to something being inflamed or scorched. In its perfect passive form, it indicates a state of having been completely burned or set ablaze.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΦΛΟΓΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ZOH-ton

Translations: Azotus

Notes: Azotus is a proper noun referring to an ancient Philistine city, also known as Ashdod. It was one of the five principal cities of the Philistines, located on the Mediterranean coast. In biblical texts, it is often mentioned in historical narratives, particularly in relation to conflicts and interactions between the Israelites and the Philistines.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative

Etymology: The name Azotus is derived from the Hebrew name Ashdod (אַשְׁדּוֹד), which means 'stronghold' or 'fortress'. It was transliterated into Greek as Azotus.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2503

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kath-eir-GMEH-nah

Translations: shut up, confined, imprisoned, enclosed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been shut up' or 'having been confined'. It describes something that has been enclosed or imprisoned. It is often used to describe places or people that are restricted or held captive.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΛΕΙΣΜΕΝΑ, ΠΕΦΡΑΓΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb εἴργνυμι (eirgnumi), meaning 'to shut in' or 'to confine'.

G4496

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: er-RIM-me-na

Translations: thrown, cast, hurled, cast down, thrown down, scattered, abandoned, rejected

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ῥίπτω' (rhiptō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a participle, it functions both as a verb, indicating a completed action, and as an adjective, describing something that has been thrown or cast. It can refer to objects or people that have been discarded, scattered, or even abandoned.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Plural, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΛΗΜΕΝΑ, ΕΚΒΕΒΛΗΜΕΝΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-pe-py-rees-MEH-noos

Translations: burned up, set on fire, consumed by fire, having been burned

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'empipremi', meaning 'to set on fire' or 'to burn up'. It describes something that has been completely consumed by fire. In this form, it functions as an adjective, modifying a noun that is the object of the action, indicating that the noun has undergone the action of being burned.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΠΥΡΟΩ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2375

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thay-moh-NEE-as

Translations: of a heap, of a pile, of a stack

Notes: This word refers to a heap, pile, or stack of something, often used in the context of agricultural produce like grain or straw. It describes a collection of items gathered together in a mound. This specific form is the genitive singular of the noun, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΩΡΟΣ, ΒΟΥΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word Θειμωνία (theimonia) is derived from the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put', suggesting something that has been placed or piled up.

G3598

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-DOH

Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail

Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0782

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-SPA-san-toh

Translations: they greeted, they embraced, they welcomed, they saluted

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'aspazomai'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that a group of people performed the act of greeting, embracing, or welcoming someone. It conveys a sense of warm reception or salutation.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΕΤΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'aspazomai' is derived from the prefix 'a-' (intensive) and 'spao' (to draw, to pull). It originally meant to draw to oneself, hence to embrace or welcome.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay

Translations: he went, he departed, he traveled, he proceeded

Notes: This word is a verb indicating motion, specifically 'to go' or 'to proceed'. It is used to describe someone moving from one place to another. Although it has a passive form, it functions with an active meaning, as it is a deponent verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ is derived from the noun ΠΟΡΟΣ (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies the act of making one's way or passing through.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G2564

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-noo

Translations: called, named, a called, a named, of the called, of the named

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'to call' or 'to name'. It describes someone or something that is being called or named. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun and indicating that the noun is known by a particular name or title. For example, 'the river called Eleutheros' or 'the place named Gilgal'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G1658

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-lef-theh-ROO

Translations: of a free person, of a liberal person, of a noble person

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'free', 'liberal', or 'noble'. It describes someone who is not enslaved, either literally or figuratively, and can also refer to someone who is generous or high-minded. In this form, it is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΝΕΞΑΡΤΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ' (eleutheros) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grow' or 'to belong to the people'. It has been used since ancient times to denote freedom and independence.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-es-TREP-sen

Translations: he returned, he turned back, he converted, he turned around

Notes: This word is the aorist (simple past) tense, third person singular form of the verb 'epistrephō'. It means 'he returned', 'he turned back', or 'he converted'. It describes an action of turning around, either physically to go back to a place, or metaphorically to change one's course of action, belief, or allegiance, often implying a turning to God or a change of heart.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (STREPHO), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G2961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koo-ree-YOO-sen

Translations: he ruled, he had dominion, he became lord, he gained control, he mastered

Notes: This word describes the act of exercising authority, dominion, or control over something or someone. It signifies becoming or being a lord or master, or gaining power and mastery. It is often used to describe a person or entity taking charge or asserting their rule.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: From the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), meaning 'lord' or 'master'. The verb means 'to be lord' or 'to exercise lordship'.

G4580

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: seh-LEW-kee-as

Translations: of Seleucia

Notes: Seleucia was a prominent city in ancient Syria, located on the Orontes River near the Mediterranean Sea. It was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals, and served as a major port and administrative center during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The word is used to refer to the city in a possessive or origin context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Seleucia' is derived from the name of its founder, Seleucus I Nicator, a general of Alexander the Great and the founder of the Seleucid Empire.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-ra-tha-las-SEE-as

Translations: coastal, by the sea, maritime, of the coast

Notes: This word describes something that is located near or by the sea, or pertains to the coast. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their proximity to the sea or their nature as being coastal. For example, it could describe a coastal city or a region by the sea.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΛΙΟΣ, ΕΝΑΛΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and 'θάλασσα' (thalassa), meaning 'sea'. The suffix '-ιος' forms an adjective.

G1260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-loh-GHEE-zeh-toh

Translations: he was reasoning, he was considering, he was pondering, he was discussing, he was debating

Notes: This word describes the act of reasoning, considering, or pondering deeply, often internally or with others. It implies a process of thought, deliberation, or even debate. It is typically used to describe someone thinking through a problem, a situation, or a question.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-steh-len

Translations: he sent, he sent away, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a delegation of authority or a dispatching from one place to another. It is frequently used in the context of sending messengers, apostles, or even objects.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστέλλω (apostellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G4934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-THOH-meh-tha

Translations: let us agree, let us make a covenant, let us come to terms, let us arrange, let us put together

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Together, it means 'to put together with' or 'to agree'. It is used to express a mutual agreement, a covenant, or a shared arrangement between parties. It implies a collective decision or action.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-THEH-kay

Translations: covenant, testament, will, a covenant, a testament, a will

Notes: This word, ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ, refers to a covenant, an agreement, or a testament (like a last will and testament). In a religious context, it often refers to God's covenant with humanity. It is a feminine noun. The overline on the final Η indicates a scribal abbreviation, likely for the full word ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ, which is a common practice for important theological terms in ancient manuscripts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΟΡΚΟΣ, ΣΥΝΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διατίθημι (diatithēmi), meaning 'to set in order, arrange, dispose of, make a covenant'. It combines διά (dia, 'through, apart') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to place, put').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G3588, G3739

Part of Speech: Article, Pronoun, Numeral

Sounds like: HAY

Translations: the, who, which, what, that, she, a, an, 8

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline. It most commonly represents the feminine nominative singular definite article 'ἡ' (he), meaning 'the' or 'a/an'. It can also represent the feminine nominative singular relative pronoun 'ἥ' (he), meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'. Additionally, 'Η' (eta) can function as the numeral 8 in the Greek numbering system. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for article/pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khen

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed, he contained, she contained, it contained

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. In Koine Greek, the imperfect tense describes continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Therefore, 'εἶχεν' can be translated as 'he/she/it had' (implying a state of possession in the past), 'he/she/it was having', 'he/she/it held', or 'he/she/it was holding'. It can also mean 'to contain' or 'to hold within'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DOOS

Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEE-nai

Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'apokteino', meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the act of causing someone's death and is often used in contexts of violence or execution. The infinitive form indicates purpose or potential action, such as 'to kill' or 'for killing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'apokteino' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'kteino' (meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'). The prefix 'apo' intensifies the action of killing, emphasizing the complete removal of life.

G5589

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EP-se-xe

Translations: he blamed, he found fault, he criticized, he reproached

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ψεγω' (psegō), meaning 'to blame,' 'to find fault with,' or 'to criticize.' The provided form 'ΕΨΕΞΕ' is a misspelling or variant of 'ΕΨΕΓΕ' (epsege) or 'ΕΨΟΓΙϹΕ' (epsogise), as indicated by the example usage. It describes an action of expressing disapproval or censure towards someone or something. It is typically used in a context where someone is being held accountable or is being reproached for their actions or character.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ, ΕΛΕΓΧΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rin

Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks

Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-MEE-sai

Translations: to desire, to long for, to covet, to lust after

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'epithymeo', meaning 'to desire' or 'to long for'. It can also be the aorist middle imperative (second person singular), meaning 'desire!' or 'long for!'. It expresses a strong inclination or craving, which can be either positive (a good desire) or negative (a sinful coveting or lust).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive; or Aorist, Middle, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ

G0851

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: having taken away, having removed, having cut off, having taken off, having deprived

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphairéō', meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates someone or something that has performed the action of taking away or removing something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'aphairéō' (from which 'aphelomenos' is derived) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'hairéō' (meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'). Thus, it literally means 'to take away from'.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-dee-LOH-thay

Translations: it was made clear, it was shown, it was revealed, it was declared, it was made known

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist passive indicative form. It means that something 'was made clear' or 'was shown' by an external agent, rather than the subject performing the action itself. It describes an action that happened in the past and was completed, with the subject being the recipient of the action of being made clear or revealed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΕΙΔΩ

G2189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EKH-thra

Translations: enmity, hatred, hostility, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep-seated hostility, animosity, or hatred between individuals or groups. It describes a condition of being an enemy or having a strong aversion towards someone or something. It is often used to describe a personal or relational antagonism.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΟϹ, ΑΝΤΙΠΑΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΧΘΡΑ (echthra) is derived from the adjective ἔχθρος (echthros), meaning 'hateful' or 'enemy'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *eghs-, meaning 'out, away from', suggesting a sense of being alienated or separated.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: he entered, she entered, it entered, went in, came in

Notes: This word describes the action of entering or coming into a place. It is often used to indicate movement from an outside location to an inside one, or to signify the beginning of a state or condition. It is a compound word formed from 'EIS' (into) and 'ERCHOMAI' (to come/go).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to movement.

G0490

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-O-khee-an

Translations: Antioch

Notes: This word refers to Antioch, a significant ancient city located in what is now modern-day Turkey. It was a major center in the Hellenistic, Roman, and early Christian periods, known for its strategic importance and large population. In the provided context, it is used as the destination for movement, indicating a place where events occurred.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Antioch' comes from the Greek name 'Antiochos', which was common among the Seleucid kings who founded many cities named Antioch. The city of Antioch on the Orontes was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals, and named after his father, Antiochus.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-theh-toh

Translations: put around, place around, put on, clothe oneself with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Thus, it means 'to put around' or 'to place around'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies putting something around oneself, such as clothing, ornaments, or a crown. It describes the action of encircling or adorning.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΦΟΡΕΩ

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-day-mah

Translations: diadem, a diadem, crown, a crown

Notes: A diadem is a type of crown, specifically a headband or fillet worn as a symbol of royalty or authority. It signifies sovereign power and is typically worn by kings, queens, or other rulers. It is often used in contexts describing the investiture or display of royal authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διάδημα (diádēma), from διαδέω (diadéō, “to bind around”), from διά (diá, “through, across”) + δέω (déō, “to bind”). It refers to something bound around the head.

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-DEE-mah-tah

Translations: diadems, crowns

Notes: This word refers to a diadem or a crown, specifically a royal headband or a symbol of sovereignty. It is often associated with kingship or imperial authority. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, "through, across") and δέω (deō, "to bind"), referring to something bound around the head.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ (diadēma) comes from the Greek verb διαδέω (diadeō), meaning "to bind around." It refers to a band or fillet bound around the head, which became a symbol of royalty.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noos

Translations: those, them

Notes: This word is the masculine plural accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ekeinos'. It refers to things or people 'over there' or 'that one/those ones' in contrast to something closer. As a pronoun, it can stand in for 'those (people/things)' or 'them'. As an adjective, it modifies a masculine plural noun in the accusative case, meaning 'those' (e.g., 'those men'). It indicates a greater distance or distinction than 'houtos' (this/these).

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥΣ, ΤΟΥΤΟΥΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KEE-noos

Translations: those, them, they, those ones

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'that' or 'those'. It points to something or someone distant in space or time, or previously mentioned. It functions similarly to 'that' or 'those' in English, indicating a specific item or group distinct from the speaker or listener.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ' (ekeinos) is a demonstrative pronoun/adjective, likely originating from a combination of the demonstrative particle 'εκεῖ' (ekei, 'there') and the pronominal ending '-νος' (-nos). It refers to something distant or previously mentioned.

G0646

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-tah-TOON

Translations: they were revolting, they were rebelling, they were deserting, they were falling away

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb ἀποστατέω (apostateo). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were revolting,' 'they were rebelling,' 'they were deserting,' or 'they were falling away.' It implies a separation or defection from a previous allegiance, authority, or belief.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστατέω (apostateo) is a compound word derived from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and ἵστημι (histemi), meaning 'to stand.' Thus, it literally means 'to stand away from' or 'to stand apart from,' leading to the sense of revolting or deserting.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: (to) that, (for) that, that (one)

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something or someone distant in time or space from the speaker. It is used to point out a specific person or thing, often in contrast to something closer or more immediate. In this dative singular form, it indicates the indirect object of an action or the recipient of something.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he understood, she understood, it understood

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to understand'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or comprehending information. As an aorist tense verb, it describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It is in the third person singular, meaning the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: I came, I went, they came, they went

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The aorist tense describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I came/went' (first person singular) or 'they came/went' (third person plural), depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-then

Translations: he came, she came, it came, he went, she went, it went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he/she/it came' or 'he/she/it went'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes a completed action of movement in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΕΝ, ΕΒΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-AY-gah-gen

Translations: he led out, he brought out, he led forth, he brought forth

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead out' or 'to bring out'. It describes the action of guiding or taking someone or something from one place to another, typically from an enclosed space or a state of confinement into an open or free area. It is often used in contexts of liberation or departure.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξάγω (exagō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EF-yoo-geh

Translations: fled, escaped, ran away, took flight

Notes: This word describes the action of fleeing, escaping, or running away from something or someone. It is used to indicate a rapid departure, often due to danger, fear, or an undesirable situation. It can be used in contexts where someone is escaping from a place, a person, or a difficult circumstance.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word φεύγω (pheugō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewg- meaning 'to flee, to escape'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G0960

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-ra-BEE-an

Translations: Arabia

Notes: This word refers to the geographical region of Arabia, a large peninsula in Western Asia. In ancient contexts, it often denotes the desert regions to the east and south of Judea and Syria. It is used to indicate a destination or a place where events occurred.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΑΒΙΑ' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from a root meaning 'desert' or 'steppe', referring to the characteristic landscape of the region. It was adopted into Greek to denote the land known by its inhabitants as 'Arab'.

G4626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skeh-PAS-theh-nai

Translations: to be covered, to be sheltered, to be protected, to be hidden

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive, meaning 'to be covered' or 'to be protected'. It describes the action of someone or something being covered, sheltered, or protected by another. It is often used in contexts where a person or thing seeks refuge or concealment.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From the root ΣΚΕΠΩ, meaning 'to cover' or 'to shelter'. It is related to the idea of providing a covering or protection.

G688

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AR-aps

Translations: Arab, an Arab

Notes: This word refers to an inhabitant of Arabia, or more broadly, an Arab. It is used to denote a person's ethnicity or origin from the Arabian peninsula. The final apostrophe (keraia) indicates that this word is being used as a numeral, representing the number 1000, but in this context, it is clearly a proper noun referring to an Arab.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΑΡΑΨ" (Araps) is of Semitic origin, likely from a Proto-Semitic root meaning 'desert' or 'nomad', referring to the inhabitants of the Arabian desert.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: gathered, collected, assembled

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb συναγω (synago). It means to gather together, collect, or assemble. It is a compound word formed from the preposition συν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb αγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead or bring together'. It is used to describe the action of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sa-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for 'Jerusalem', a significant city in ancient Israel. It is a proper noun, referring to the capital city of Judea, known for its religious and historical importance. The overlines indicate that it is a contracted form, and the final mark (keraia) signifies that it is an abbreviation, not a number.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim), meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.

G3180

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NAS

Translations: machines, devices, contrivances, schemes, plots

Notes: This word refers to a machine, device, or contrivance, often one used for a specific purpose, such as a military engine or a tool. It can also refer to a clever plan, scheme, or plot, especially one designed to achieve a particular outcome, whether good or bad. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΝΟΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It is related to words signifying ability, means, or contrivance.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-por-EU-thee-men

Translations: we went, we traveled, we journeyed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to travel', or 'to journey'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another. In this specific form, it indicates that the action was completed in the past by a group including the speaker ('we').

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), Past Tense

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'πόρος' (poros), meaning 'a way, a passage, a ford', which itself comes from the verb 'πείρω' (peirō), meaning 'to pass through'. The verb 'πορεύομαι' thus means 'to make one's way' or 'to travel'.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mee-SOON-tes

Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'those who hate'. It describes an ongoing action of strong dislike or enmity towards someone or something. It can function adjectivally to describe people who hate, or substantively as 'those who hate'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'those who hate the good'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentile, a Gentile, heathen, a heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it is frequently used in the plural (ἔθνη) to refer to 'the Gentiles' or 'the nations,' distinguishing non-Jewish peoples from the Jewish people. It can also simply mean a large group of people sharing common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group defined by common customs.

G3891

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pah-RAH-noh-moy

Translations: lawless, unlawful, wicked, unrighteous, lawless ones, wicked ones

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, contrary to law, or disobedient to law. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It can be used to describe actions or people who act in defiance of established laws, whether divine or human. When used as a noun, it refers to 'lawless people' or 'wicked individuals'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'παράνομος' (paranomos) is derived from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, contrary to', and the noun 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It describes something that goes against or is outside of the law.

G0051

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ENG-gee-lah

Translations: I reported, I announced, I declared, I told, I brought word, I proclaimed

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative first person singular form of the verb 'ἀπαγγέλλω' (apaggello), meaning 'to report' or 'to announce'. It describes a completed action of reporting or declaring something, often bringing news or a message. It is used to convey information or a message to someone.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ

G3710

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: or-GISS-thay

Translations: he was angry, she was angry, it was angry, became angry, was enraged

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'οργιζομαι' (orgizomai), meaning 'to be angry' or 'to become angry'. It describes an action of becoming angry that occurred in the past and was completed. The passive voice indicates that the subject of the verb was the one experiencing the anger, rather than actively causing it in someone else.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΑΝΑΚΤΕΩ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-koo-seh

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he obeyed, she obeyed, it obeyed

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ακουω' (akouo), meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to obey'. It describes a completed action of hearing or listening in the past by a single subject (he, she, or it). In some contexts, it can also imply obedience to what was heard.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G2112

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-THEH-ohs

Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith, as soon as

Notes: This adverb signifies an action happening without delay, instantly, or directly. It is often used to emphasize the swiftness or suddenness of an event. It can also imply a direct or straightforward manner of action. In narrative contexts, it frequently serves to advance the plot quickly.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight, direct, immediate'. The suffix -ως is a common adverbial ending in Koine Greek.

G0328

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-ZEYX-as

Translations: having set out, having departed, having broken camp, having marched

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναζεύγνυμι (anazeugnymi). It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that the subject has 'set out' or 'departed'. It often refers to breaking camp or marching, especially in a military context, but can also be used more generally for beginning a journey. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide additional information about the action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀναζεύγνυμι (anazeugnymi) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'. The combination suggests 'unyoking' or 'unharnessing' animals from a wagon, which then implies breaking camp and setting out.

G4410

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAH-ee-dah

Translations: Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais is the name of an ancient city, located on the coast of Phoenicia (modern-day Acre, Israel). It was a significant port city in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It is used in sentences to refer to the city itself, often as a destination or location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ptolemais is derived from the Greek personal name Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος), a common name among the Hellenistic kings of Egypt, particularly Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who refounded and renamed the city.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EG-rap-sen

Translations: he wrote, she wrote, it wrote

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to write'. It is in the past tense, indicating an action that was completed at a specific point in the past. It refers to the action of a single person or thing (he, she, or it) performing the writing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΦΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbh-, meaning 'to scratch, to carve'. It originally referred to scratching or carving marks, which evolved into the meaning of writing.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0206

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: AH-krah

Translations: top, summit, peak, end, extremity, a top, a summit, a peak, an end, an extremity

Notes: This word refers to the highest or outermost point of something, such as the top of a mountain, the end of a limb, or the extreme edge of a place. It can be used to describe physical locations or the culmination of a process. As an adjective, it means 'highest' or 'extreme'.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΕΣΧΑΤΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-MIS-gin

Translations: to mix together, to mingle with, to associate with

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΙΣΓΩ (misgo), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'. Therefore, ΣΥΝΜΙΣΓΙΝ means 'to mix together' or 'to mingle with'. It describes the action of combining or associating different elements or people. It is an infinitive form, indicating the action itself rather than a specific subject performing it.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΚΕΡΑΝΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

G4874

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-MIS-gayn

Translations: to mix with, to mingle with, to associate with, to have intercourse with

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to mix or mingle together with someone or something. It implies a close association or interaction, often in a social or physical sense. It can be used to describe the act of combining substances or the act of people coming together and interacting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΑΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΙΣΓΩ (misgo), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'.

G5035

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tah-KHEES-ten

Translations: swiftest, quickest, a swiftest, a quickest

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΑΧΙΣΤΗΝ (TACHISTEN), which is the superlative form of the adjective ΤΑΧΥΣ (TACHYS), meaning 'swift' or 'quick'. As a superlative, it means 'swiftest' or 'quickest'. It describes something that is extremely fast or prompt. For example, it could be used to describe the quickest way to do something or the swiftest runner.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΩΚΥΣ, ΤΑΧΥΣ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on

Translations: silver, money, a silver, a money

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly, as silver coins or money. It is often used in contexts related to wealth, transactions, or payment. For example, it can refer to the price paid for something or the contents of a treasury.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word 'ἄργυρος' (argyros), meaning 'silver'. The suffix '-ιον' is a diminutive, but in this context, it often refers to a piece of silver or silver currency.

G5553

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHROO-see-on

Translations: gold, a gold, money, a money

Notes: This word refers to gold, either as the precious metal itself or, by extension, as money or wealth. It is commonly used in contexts discussing valuable possessions or currency. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word χρυσός (chrysos), meaning 'gold'. The suffix -ιον (-ion) is a diminutive suffix, but in this case, it often refers to a piece of gold or gold as a substance, rather than a small piece of gold.

G3578

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kseh-NEE-ah

Translations: hospitality, a hospitality, guest-gifts, presents, lodging, entertainment

Notes: This word refers to the practice of hospitality, which was a very important social custom in the ancient world. It can also refer to the gifts given to a guest or host as part of this custom, or to the lodging provided to a guest. It is used to describe the act of receiving and entertaining strangers or guests.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ξένος (xénos), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest'. The suffix -ία is used to form abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality related to the root.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-ee-on

Translations: more, greater, longer, a longer time, the majority, the greater part, a greater thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πλείων' (pleiōn), meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, degree, or duration of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a neuter noun, or as an adverb meaning 'more' or 'longer'. When used with a definite article, it can mean 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah

Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: en-AN-tee-on

Translations: opposite, over against, contrary, in front of, before, against

Notes: This word describes something that is in opposition to, or directly facing, something else. As an adjective, it means 'opposite' or 'contrary'. As an adverb, it means 'over against' or 'in front of', indicating a position or direction. It can be used to describe physical opposition or a state of being contrary to something.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΡΥΣ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΑΠΕΝΑΝΤΙ

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-e-TUNG-kha-non

Translations: they were interceding, they were appealing, they were meeting, they were encountering, they were pleading

Notes: This word describes the action of meeting with someone, often with the purpose of interceding, appealing, or pleading on behalf of or against another person. It implies a direct encounter or intervention. In the provided context, it suggests people were making an appeal or accusation against someone.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΝ (EN), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (TYGCHANO), meaning 'to happen upon', 'to obtain', or 'to meet'. Thus, it literally means 'to happen upon in' or 'to meet with'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0459

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: AH-noh-moy

Translations: lawless, without law, unrighteous, wicked, a lawless one, the lawless ones

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, or that acts contrary to law. It can refer to those who disregard divine or human law, or who are simply outside the sphere of a particular law. When used as a noun, it refers to 'the lawless ones' or 'wicked people'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-, 'not') and νόμος (nomos, 'law'). It literally means 'without law'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-seh

Translations: he made, he did, he performed, he produced

Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'poieō'. It means 'he made' or 'he did'. It describes a completed action in the past, performed by a single male or neuter subject. It is a very common verb used to describe a wide range of actions, from creating something to performing a deed or carrying out a command.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'poieō' comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating creation, action, or performance.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, opposite, against, in front of, a thing opposite

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ἐναντίος' (enantios), meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary'. In its neuter form, 'ἐναντίον' (enantion) is frequently used as an adverb or a preposition, typically taking the genitive case. It signifies being 'in front of', 'in the presence of', or 'opposite to' someone or something. It can also mean 'against' in a hostile sense, or simply 'facing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: The word 'ἐναντίος' (enantios) is derived from the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'opposite' or 'against'. It literally means 'in opposition to'.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-sen

Translations: he stood, he set, he appointed, he established, he made to stand, he caused to stand, he placed, he put, he presented

Notes: This is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi). It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point. It can mean 'he stood' or 'he caused to stand,' 'he set,' 'he appointed,' or 'he established,' depending on the context. It is often used to describe setting something up, establishing a person in a position, or causing someone or something to stand.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

G749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neen

Translations: high priesthood, a high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or dignity of a high priest, or the high priesthood itself. It describes the position and function of the chief religious leader, particularly in the context of the Jewish priestly system. It is an abstract noun formed from 'high priest' (ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ) and a suffix indicating a state or condition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ (archiereus), meaning 'high priest', and the suffix -ΣΥΝΗ (-synē), which forms abstract nouns indicating a state, condition, or quality. Thus, it literally means 'the state or condition of being a high priest'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G5093

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: TEE-mee-ah

Translations: precious, valuable, honorable, esteemed, costly, a precious thing, valuable things

Notes: This word describes something as having great value, being highly esteemed, or being costly. It can refer to material possessions that are expensive or to qualities that are honorable and worthy of respect. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive noun itself, meaning 'a precious thing' or 'valuable things'.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΕΛΗΣ

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-GEH-sthai

Translations: to lead, to rule, to consider, to think, to believe, to regard

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb Ἡγέομαι. It means "to lead" or "to rule" in a literal sense, often implying authority or governance over others. It can also mean "to consider," "to think," or "to believe," indicating a mental process of evaluation or judgment. The specific meaning depends on the context, often taking on the sense of "to regard as" when followed by a predicate accusative.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eek-see-OH-seh

Translations: he deemed worthy, he thought it good, he considered worthy, he counted worthy, he judged worthy

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΑΞΙΟΩ' (axioo). It means 'to deem worthy,' 'to count worthy,' or 'to think it good/proper.' It describes an action completed in the past, where someone made a judgment or decision about the worthiness or appropriateness of something or someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From 'ΑΞΙΟΣ' (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving.' The verb 'ΑΞΙΟΩ' is formed by adding the verbal suffix '-οω' to the adjective, indicating the act of deeming or making something worthy.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-foh-roh-loh-GEE-ton

Translations: untaxed, tax-exempt, free from tribute, not subject to taxation

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'untaxed' or 'tax-exempt'. It describes something or someone that is not subject to taxation or tribute. It is a compound word formed from the alpha privative 'α-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'φορολογητός' (meaning 'taxable' or 'subject to tribute'). Thus, it literally means 'not taxable'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word is a compound of the alpha privative (Α-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and the verbal adjective 'φορολογητός' (phorologētos), which is derived from 'φορολογέω' (phorologeō, 'to collect taxes') and ultimately from 'φόρος' (phoros, 'tribute, tax').

G5116

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: toh-PAR-khee-as

Translations: of a toparchy, of a district, toparchy, a toparchy, district, a district

Notes: This word refers to a toparchy, which is a specific administrative district or region, often governed by a toparch. It is a compound word derived from 'τόπος' (place) and 'ἀρχή' (rule, dominion). It is used to denote a territorial division or a local jurisdiction. For example, one might speak of the 'toparchy of Jericho' to refer to the administrative region around Jericho.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΕΠΑΡΧΙΑ, ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΠΑΡΧΙΑ (toparchia) is a compound of two Greek words: τόπος (topos), meaning 'place' or 'region', and ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'rule', 'dominion', or 'beginning'. Thus, it literally means 'rule of a place' or 'region of rule', referring to an administrative district.

G1861

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pang-GEL-lah-toh

Translations: he promised, she promised, it promised, he proclaimed, she proclaimed, it proclaimed

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'epangellō'. It means 'to promise' or 'to proclaim'. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject's involvement in the action, often implying 'to promise for oneself' or 'to make a promise'. It describes an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ (epangellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'. Thus, it literally means 'to announce upon' or 'to proclaim to', which evolved into the meaning 'to promise'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-OO-sas

Translations: having, possessing, holding, holding fast, keeping, wearing, wearing (a garment), having (a disease), having (a quality), having (a relationship), having (a state), having (a condition)

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of possessing, holding, or keeping something. It can also refer to wearing an item, having a particular quality or condition, or being in a certain relationship. It is a present active participle, indicating ongoing action.

Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣΑΣ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΑΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOH

Translations: to a brother, for a brother, a brother

Notes: This word refers to a brother, a fellow countryman, or a fellow believer. It is often used in a literal sense for a male sibling, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone who shares a common bond, such as a fellow member of a community or faith. It is a compound word, formed from 'a' (meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'delphys' (meaning 'womb'), thus literally 'from the same womb'. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REIN

Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.

G0499

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: an-tee-GRAF-on

Translations: copy, a copy, transcript, a transcript, duplicate, a duplicate

Notes: This word refers to a copy or transcript of an original document. It is a compound word formed from 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return', and 'γραφον' (graphon), meaning 'written' or 'that which is written'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is written in return' or 'a counter-writing'. It is used to denote a duplicate or a reproduction of a text.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΟΝ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΤΙΓΡΑΦΟΝ is derived from the Greek preposition 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and the verb 'γραφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. It describes something written in response to or as a duplicate of another text.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: soon-GEH-nay

Translations: relative, kinsman, kinswoman, kindred, a relative, a kinsman, a kinswoman, (to) a relative, (to) a kinsman, (to) a kinswoman

Notes: This word refers to someone related by birth or kinship, a kinsman or kinswoman. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'related' or 'kindred'. In this form, it is dative singular, indicating 'to' or 'for' a relative, or it can be nominative/accusative plural neuter, referring to 'kindred things' or 'relatives' in a broader sense, or even vocative singular masculine/feminine. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (SYN, 'with') and ΓΕΝΟΣ (GENOS, 'race, family, kin').

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter; or Singular, Vocative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΙΚΟΣ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DEH-teh

Translations: you may see, you may know, you may perceive, you may understand, you may behold

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. It is a compound form, combining elements of the verbs ΟΡΑΩ (to see) and ΕΙΔΩ (to know/see). It is used to express the idea of seeing, perceiving, or understanding something, often with an implication of mental apprehension rather than just physical sight. It is frequently used in contexts where knowledge or understanding is gained through observation or experience.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΕΤΕ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΕΤΕ

G2990

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: las-THEH-nee

Translations: Lasthenes

Notes: Lasthenes was a proper name, specifically referring to a Cretan commander who served as a general under Demetrius I Soter, the Seleucid king. In ancient Greek texts, this name would be used to identify this specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Lasthenes is of Greek origin, derived from 'λαός' (laos, meaning 'people') and 'σθένος' (sthenos, meaning 'strength' or 'power'). It signifies 'strength of the people' or 'powerful among the people'.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHE-rin

Translations: hand, a hand, (by) hand, (with) hand, (in) hand, (to) hand

Notes: This word is an inflected form of 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. It refers to the physical hand, but can also be used metaphorically to denote power, agency, or control. In the provided context, 'χεριν' appears to be a misspelling or variant of 'χαίρειν' (chairein), which means 'to rejoice' or 'greetings', or possibly 'χάριν' (charin), meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'. Given the context of letters or proclamations, 'χαίρειν' (greetings) is a very common salutation.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine (if from ΧΕΙΡ); or Infinitive (if from ΧΑΙΡΩ); or Accusative, Singular, Feminine (if from ΧΑΡΙΣ)

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nee

Translations: to the nation, to the people, to the Gentiles, to the heathen

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ἔθνος' (ethnos). It refers to a nation, a people, or a group of people, often with a connotation of being distinct from others, such as the Jewish people or the Gentiles (non-Jews). In its dative form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, meaning 'to the nation' or 'for the people'. It can also refer to a tribe or a race.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟϹ, ΓΕΝΟϹ

G5083

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-tay-ROO-sin

Translations: they keep, they observe, they guard, they preserve

Notes: This word is a verb indicating the action of keeping, observing, or guarding something. It is used to describe the act of maintaining a state, obeying a command, or protecting something from harm. The prefix 'συν-' (syn-) means 'with' or 'together', suggesting a collective or joint action of keeping or preserving.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The root word ΤΗΡΕΩ (tereo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to watch' or 'to attend to'. The prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-) comes from the Greek preposition meaning 'with' or 'together'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-REE-nah-men

Translations: we judged, we decided, we determined, we condemned, we esteemed, we thought, we considered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to judge,' 'to decide,' 'to determine,' 'to condemn,' 'to esteem,' or 'to think.' It describes an action of making a decision or forming an opinion, often with a sense of passing judgment or making a legal determination. It can be used in contexts ranging from personal opinion to official legal rulings.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-THON

Translations: good, a good thing, what is good, beneficial, virtuous

Notes: This word describes something as good, beneficial, or virtuous. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. It can also be used substantively as a neuter noun, meaning 'a good thing' or 'what is good', referring to a moral or material benefit.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'good' or 'able'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G2133

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-NOY-ahs

Translations: of goodwill, of benevolence, of kindness, of favor

Notes: This word refers to the disposition of goodwill, benevolence, or kindness. It describes a favorable attitude or a state of being well-disposed towards someone or something. It is often used in contexts where a positive and helpful inclination is being expressed.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΤΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΝΟΙΑ (eunoia) is a compound word derived from ΕΥ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ΝΟΥΣ (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. Thus, it literally means 'good-mindedness' or 'well-mindedness'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3725

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ree-AH

Translations: boundaries, borders, limits, regions

Notes: This word refers to physical boundaries, borders, or limits, often denoting the extent of a territory or region. It can also refer to the regions themselves that are defined by these boundaries. It is typically used in the plural to describe the confines or extent of an area.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΤΑ, ΤΕΡΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ὁρίζω (horizō), meaning 'to divide, to limit, to define'.

G0852

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-FAI-reh-mah

Translations: offering, a heave offering, a contribution, a portion, a removal

Notes: This word refers to something taken off or separated, often as a contribution or offering, especially in a religious context. It can also denote a portion or a removal of something. In the Septuagint, it frequently translates the Hebrew term for 'heave offering' or 'contribution'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ (APHAIRHEO), meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. It describes the result of such an action.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-et-EH-thee-san

Translations: they were added, they were joined, they were given in addition, they were put to

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, place'). It means 'to be added to' or 'to be joined to'. It describes an action where something or someone is brought into association with, or becomes part of, something else. It is often used to indicate an increase or an inclusion.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΕΘΗΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΕΚΟΛΛΗΘΗΝ

G4790

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-koo-ROON-tah

Translations: belonging to, pertaining to, accompanying, adjacent, surrounding, the things belonging to, the things pertaining to

Notes: This word is a present active participle, neuter plural, and can function as either nominative or accusative. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΥΡΩ (KYRO), meaning 'to meet', 'to happen', or 'to befall'. Therefore, it generally refers to things that happen together, are associated with, or belong to something else. It describes things that are concurrent, adjacent, or pertain to a specific entity or situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΕΙΜΕΝΑ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΟΝΤΑ, ΣΥΝΟΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΚΥΡΩ (synkyro) is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΥΡΩ (kyro), meaning 'to meet', 'to happen', or 'to befall'. The root ΚΥΡΩ is related to ΚΥΡΟΣ (kyros), meaning 'power' or 'authority', and ultimately to the idea of what is 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G2380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thoo-see-AH-zoh-sin

Translations: they sacrifice, they offer sacrifice

Notes: This word means to offer a sacrifice, to immolate, or to slay for sacrifice. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe the act of presenting an offering to a deity. For example, 'they sacrifice to God' or 'they offer sacrifices in the temple'.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΥΣΙΑΖΩ (thysiazō) is derived from the noun ΘΥΣΙΑ (thysia), meaning 'sacrifice', which itself comes from the verb ΘΥΩ (thyō), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to slay'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, in, among, until, unto, a, one

Notes: This word is most commonly a preposition meaning 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or purpose. It can also function as a numeral meaning 'one' or 'a single one'. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often indicating direction, purpose, or result. When used as a numeral, it refers to a single entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter, Singular (as a numeral)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΕΙΣ (eis) comes from a primary preposition of direction. The numeral ΕΙΣ (heis) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The form ΙΣ is a common uncial spelling for both.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite, in front of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It signifies substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, indicating a replacement. It can also mean 'for' or 'in return for' something, implying an exchange. In some contexts, it can denote 'opposite' or 'in front of' a location or person.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is related to English 'and' and 'anti-'.

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KOHN

Translations: of royal things, of royal possessions, of the king's possessions, of the royal treasury, of the king's property

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'βασιλικός', meaning 'royal' or 'belonging to a king'. It describes something as pertaining to a king, a kingdom, or royalty. In this inflected form, it typically refers to things that are royal or belong to the king, such as royal property, royal funds, or royal family members, often implying possession or origin.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'βασιλικός' (basilikos) is derived from 'βασιλεύς' (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to anything pertaining to a king or kingdom.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: he was taking, he was receiving, he was getting, he was seizing, he was grasping

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambano). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'he/she/it was taking,' 'was receiving,' 'was getting,' or 'was seizing.' It implies a continuous or habitual action rather than a single completed event.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩΝ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1081

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-NAY-ma-ton

Translations: of produce, of fruit, of offspring, of children, of descendants, of products, of crops

Notes: This word refers to something that is produced or generated, such as the fruit of a tree, the produce of the ground, or the offspring of living beings. It can also refer to the result or outcome of an action or process. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the source or origin of something, often in a possessive sense.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΩΝ, ΕΚΓΟΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΙΟΝΤΩΝ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ak-roh-DRY-ohn

Translations: fruit, tree fruit, nuts, dried fruit

Notes: This word refers to the fruit of trees, especially those that are hard-shelled like nuts, or dried fruits. It is a compound word derived from 'AKROS' (highest, outermost) and 'DRYS' (tree, oak), literally meaning 'fruit from the top of a tree'. It is used to describe various kinds of tree-borne produce.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΟϹ, ΟΠΩΡΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΡΟΔΡΥΟΝ' is a compound of 'AKROS' (highest, outermost) and 'DRYS' (tree, oak). It refers to the fruit found at the extremities or top of trees.

G3568, G3571

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: NOO

Translations: now, then, therefore, indeed, night, a night

Notes: This word, without diacritics, can represent two distinct Koine Greek words. It can be the adverb 'νῦν' (nyn), meaning 'now,' 'then,' 'therefore,' or 'indeed,' often used to emphasize a point or indicate a present or immediate state. It can also be the noun 'νύξ' (nyx), meaning 'night,' referring to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. The specific meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect); Noun (Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine)

Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ, ΕΣΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: ΝΥΝ (nyn) comes from Proto-Indo-European. ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European.

G0433

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nee-KON-tohn

Translations: of things belonging, of things fitting, of things proper, of things due, of things pertaining

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'ΑΝΗΚΩ' (anēkō). It refers to things that are fitting, proper, or due, or things that belong or pertain to something or someone. It is often used to describe what is appropriate or what is owed in a particular context.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΑΘΗΚΟΝΤΩΝ

G3041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lim-NON

Translations: (of) lakes, (of) ponds, (of) marshes

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'limne', meaning 'lake', 'pond', or 'marsh'. It is used to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of lakes' or 'belonging to lakes'. For example, one might speak of 'the fish of the lakes' or 'the reeds from the marshes'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΛΗ, ΤΕΝΑΓΗ

Etymology: The word 'limne' (ΛΙΜΝΗ) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a body of standing water, distinct from a river or the sea.

G3041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LIM-nas

Translations: lakes, ponds, marshes, of a lake, of a pond, of a marsh

Notes: This word refers to a body of standing water, such as a lake, pond, or marsh. It is an inflected form of the noun 'ΛΙΜΝΗ' (limnē). In the provided examples, it appears as either the accusative plural, meaning 'lakes' or 'ponds' (as in 'the salt lakes'), or the genitive singular, meaning 'of a lake' or 'of a pond' (as in 'into lakes of water').

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine or Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΙΜΝΟΣ, ΕΛΟΣ

G4735, G4737

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: steh-FAH-noos

Translations: crowns, a crown, to crown, crowning

Notes: This word can be an inflected form of the noun 'στέφανος' (stephanos), meaning 'crown' or 'wreath', typically in the accusative plural case. It can also be an inflected form of the verb 'στεφανόω' (stephanoō), meaning 'to crown' or 'to encircle with a crown', often appearing as a participle. As a noun, it refers to the circular adornments worn on the head, often as a symbol of victory, honor, or royalty. As a verb, it describes the action of placing such an adornment on someone's head, or metaphorically, bestowing honor or victory.

Inflection: Noun: Plural, Accusative, Masculine; Verb: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΑ, ΣΤΕΦΑΝΩΜΑ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G0114

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-the-TAY-seh-teh

Translations: you will reject, you will set aside, you will nullify, you will make void, you will disregard, you will despise

Notes: This word describes the action of rejecting, setting aside, or nullifying something. It implies treating something as invalid or worthless, often in the sense of disregarding a law, covenant, or authority. It can also mean to despise or scorn. This form is used when addressing multiple people in the future tense.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΚΥΡΟΩ, ΚΑΤΑΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to place, set'). It literally means 'to not place' or 'to set aside', implying a rejection or nullification.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah

Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It can refer to a complete group or quantity. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'all people' or 'all time'. When used in the neuter plural, it can be translated as 'all things' or 'everything'.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix Α- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'completely', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-no

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, period, a period, while, a while

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or a specific duration. It can be used to denote a general concept of time or a particular interval. In the provided examples, it consistently refers to a duration or period, such as 'a long time' or 'the greater part of the time'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'chronos' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to time. It is the root of many English words related to time, such as 'chronology' and 'chronometer'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G0499

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GRAF-on

Translations: copy, a copy, transcript, a transcript, duplicate, a duplicate

Notes: This word refers to a copy or a transcript of an original document. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is written in place of' or 'a counter-writing'. It is used to denote a reproduction of a text or record.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ, ΥΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It describes something written as a counterpart or reproduction of an original.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be given, it should be given, may it be given

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It expresses a command or strong request for something to be given or granted. It is used when the subject of the giving action is not specified, but the object being given is. For example, 'Let it be given to him' or 'It should be given'.

Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΗΘΗΤΩ, ΧΑΡΙΣΘΗΤΩ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be placed, let it be laid, let it be put, let it be set

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place, put, or lay'. ΤΕΘΗΤΩ is a command for something to have been placed or laid down. It implies an action that results in a state of being placed, rather than the action of placing itself. It is often used in contexts where an object is to be deposited or established in a particular location.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Perfect, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΣΘΩ, ΒΑΛΛΕΣΘΩ

G1955

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-see-MOH

Translations: I mark, I signify, I make a sign, I indicate, I point out, I give a sign

Notes: This word is the first person singular present active indicative form of the verb 'episēmainō'. It means to mark, signify, or indicate something. It is used to describe the act of giving a sign or pointing something out, often with a sense of making it clear or evident. It can also imply a warning or a premonition.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ἐπισημαίνω (episēmainō) is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb σημαίνω (sēmainō), meaning 'to show', 'to signify', or 'to give a sign'. Thus, it literally means 'to put a sign upon' or 'to signify in addition'.

G2270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-soo-KHA-sen

Translations: he was quiet, she was quiet, it was quiet, he became quiet, she became quiet, it became quiet, he rested, she rested, it rested, he ceased, she ceased, it ceased

Notes: This word means to be quiet, to be still, to rest, or to cease from activity. It describes a state of tranquility or inactivity. It can be used to describe a person, a place, or even a situation becoming calm or peaceful.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἩΣΥΧΑΖΩ comes from the adjective ἥσυχος (hēsychos), meaning 'quiet' or 'still'.

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-oh

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, in front of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also act as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to indicate being in front of someone or something, or in their sight. It emphasizes a direct, face-to-face encounter or a position directly before an entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form). It is derived from the noun 'enopion' (G1799), which is neuter singular.

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition 'en' (in) and 'ops' (face, eye), literally meaning 'in the face' or 'in the sight'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LY-sen

Translations: he released, he sent away, he dismissed, he let go, he set free, he divorced

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apolyo'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. It means to release, send away, dismiss, or set free. In some contexts, it can also mean to divorce or to pardon. It is used to describe someone performing an action of letting go or sending off another person or thing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, private, peculiar, one's own, a thing of one's own, one's own property, private affairs

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to a person or group, or something that is distinctive or peculiar to them. As an adjective, it modifies a noun to indicate possession or uniqueness. As a noun, it can refer to one's own possessions or private matters.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self'.

G5117

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TOH-pos

Translations: place, a place, region, a region, location, a location, spot, a spot, position, a position, site, a site

Notes: This word refers to a physical location, a specific area, or a general region. It can be used to denote a literal spot, a dwelling place, or a broader territory. It is a common noun used to describe where something or someone is situated.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the idea of 'to cut' or 'to mark out'.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: doo-NA-meh-nohn

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being strong, of being capable, of those who are able, of those who are powerful, of those who are strong, of those who are capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In this genitive plural form, it typically refers to 'of those who are able' or 'of those who are powerful'. It can be used to describe the capabilities or strength of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1804

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-en-ol-oh-GEH-sen

Translations: he spoke in foreign tongues, he spoke in other languages, he spoke in unknown tongues

Notes: This verb describes the act of speaking in foreign or unknown languages, often implying a miraculous or divinely inspired ability. It is typically used in contexts where individuals speak languages they have not learned, often associated with the spiritual gift of 'speaking in tongues'. The word is a compound of three parts: 'εξ' (out of), 'ξενος' (foreign, strange), and 'λογος' (word, speech), literally meaning 'to speak out foreign words'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΓΛΩΣΣΟΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΝΟΛΟΓΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΞ (ex, meaning 'out of' or 'from'), the adjective ΞΕΝΟΣ (xenos, meaning 'foreign' or 'strange'), and the verb ΛΟΓΕΩ (logeo, meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'). It literally means 'to speak out foreign things' or 'to speak as a foreigner'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PROHN

Translations: early, in the morning, a morning, of the morning, early in the day, before

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning', indicating a time of day. It can also be used as an adjective to describe something related to the morning or occurring early. It is often used to specify the time an event takes place.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative, Singular (as an adjective)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΩΝ' is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *preh₂- meaning 'before, in front'. It is related to other Greek words indicating precedence or earliness.

G5172

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TROO-fone

Translations: Tryphon

Notes: Tryphon is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating a person's name. It is used to identify a historical figure, specifically a general who later became a king in the Seleucid Empire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Tryphon is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'τρυφάω' (tryphaō), meaning 'to live luxuriously' or 'to live delicately'. It implies a person who is delicate, luxurious, or effeminate.

G2643

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-gong-GY-zoo-sin

Translations: they grumble, they murmur, they complain

Notes: This word describes the act of grumbling, murmuring, or complaining, often with a sense of discontent or dissatisfaction. The prefix 'KATA-' intensifies the action of grumbling, suggesting a strong or persistent complaint, or grumbling 'against' someone or something. It is a compound word formed from 'KATA-' (down, against) and 'ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ' (to grumble).

Inflection: Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ, ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ

G2643

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-gong-GY-zoo-sin

Translations: grumble against, murmur against, complain about

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to grumble, murmur, or complain against someone. It implies a low, often discontented, muttering or whispering. The prefix 'κατά' (kata) intensifies the action and indicates direction 'against' someone or something. The root 'γογγύζω' (gongyzō) means to grumble or murmur.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ, ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ (gongyzō), meaning 'to grumble' or 'to murmur'. The verb ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ is onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of grumbling.

G0626

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-RAH-bah

Translations: Arabah, the Arabah, the Jordan Valley

Notes: This word refers to the Arabah, a geographical region in the Jordan Rift Valley. It specifically denotes the arid or semi-arid land stretching south from the Sea of Galilee to the Gulf of Aqaba, including the Jordan Valley. It is often used in the context of geographical descriptions in ancient texts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew word 'aravah (עֲרָבָה), meaning 'desert' or 'plain'. It refers to a specific geographical region.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ET-rep-sen

Translations: he turned, she turned, it turned, he turned away, she turned away, it turned away, he changed, she changed, it changed, he put to flight, she put to flight, it put to flight

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΤΡΕΠΩ' (trepo). It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point. It means 'to turn,' 'to turn away,' 'to change,' or 'to put to flight.' It can be used to describe a physical turning, a change in state or direction, or causing an enemy to flee.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΦΕΥΓΩ

G5142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ETH-rep-sen

Translations: he nourished, he fed, he brought up, he reared, he supported

Notes: This word describes the act of providing sustenance, care, or upbringing. It can refer to feeding someone, raising a child, or generally supporting someone's life or growth. It implies a sustained effort in nurturing or providing for another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΩ, ΘΑΛΠΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. In ancient Greek, it referred to the act of nourishing or raising, often in the context of children or animals.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ay-DREH-oo-en

Translations: was devoted to, attended, was engaged in, was occupied with, besieged

Notes: This word describes the action of being devoted to, attending to, or being engaged in something or someone. It implies a continuous or persistent presence and focus. In some contexts, it can also mean to besiege, indicating a persistent presence around a place.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΔΡΕΥΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb ἑδρεύω (hedreúō), meaning 'to sit, to be seated'. Thus, it literally means 'to sit near' or 'to sit by', which evolved to imply close attendance or devotion.

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peeng-GEH-len

Translations: he reported, he announced, he told, he brought word, he declared

Notes: This is a verb meaning to report, announce, or tell. It is often used to convey a message or news from one person or place to another. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to tell'. Thus, it literally means 'to announce from' or 'to bring a message from'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ

G4929

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-e-TAS-sen

Translations: he was arranging, he was appointing, he was commanding, he was organizing

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to arrange together,' 'to appoint,' 'to command,' or 'to organize.' It describes the action of putting things in order or giving instructions. The prefix 'συν-' (syn-) means 'with' or 'together,' and the root 'τάσσω' (tasso) means 'to arrange' or 'to order.' In this form, it indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ekh-THRAN

Translations: enmity, hostility, hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep-seated hostility, animosity, or hatred. It describes a condition of being an enemy or having a strong adversarial relationship. It is often used to describe the opposition between groups or individuals, or a general feeling of ill-will.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΧΘΡΑ (echthra) comes from the adjective ΕΧΘΡΟΣ (echthros), meaning 'hateful, hostile, enemy'. It is related to the concept of being an adversary.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EM-ee-nen

Translations: remained, abode, stayed, continued, endured, waited

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating that someone or something remained, abode, stayed, or continued in a particular place or state. It can also imply enduring or waiting.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to remain' or 'to stand still'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: yeh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for 'Jerusalem', a significant city in ancient Israel, known as the capital of Judah and a holy city for Jews and Christians. It is often referred to in the Bible as the place where many important events occurred, including the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus. The abbreviation is formed by taking the first few letters and the last letter of the full word, with an overline indicating its abbreviated form.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is an ancient city with a long history, first mentioned in ancient Egyptian texts.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-sah

Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty

Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-say

Translations: glory, a glory, honor, an honor, splendor, a splendor, majesty, a majesty, renown, a renown, reputation, a reputation, dignity, a dignity

Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, splendor, or majesty. It can describe the inherent nature of God, the visible manifestation of His presence, or the esteem and reputation of a person. It is often used in contexts of praise, worship, or divine revelation. It can also refer to human reputation or dignity.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΞΑ (doxa) comes from the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose'. Over time, it evolved to mean 'opinion, reputation, honor, and then glory'.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G2118

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-keh-REE-ahs

Translations: of good opportunity, of a favorable time, of a convenient season

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'eukeria', which means 'good opportunity' or 'favorable time'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English, signifying that something belongs to or is related to a good opportunity or a convenient season. It describes a situation or period that is well-suited for a particular purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΥ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑΣ

G4161

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poy-EE-sis

Translations: doing, making, deed, work, performance, action, a doing, a making

Notes: This word refers to the act of doing or making something, a performance, or a deed. It describes the execution or accomplishment of an action, often implying the result or product of that action. It can be used to refer to the carrying out of a law or a command.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΗΜΙΟΥΡΓΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ποιέω (poiéō), meaning 'to do, to make'. It describes the act or result of doing.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEE-las

Translations: having sent, having dispatched, having commissioned

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, masculine, nominative singular form of the verb 'apostellō'. It describes an action of sending or dispatching that has been completed, often with the implication of commissioning someone for a specific purpose. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to indicate that the subject has performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΨΑΣ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΕΙΛΑΣ

G4847

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-ma-KHEH-soo-sin

Translations: they will fight with, they will help in war, they will be allies, they will be an ally

Notes: This word means to fight along with someone, to be an ally, or to help in war. It describes the action of providing military assistance or joining forces with another party in a conflict. It is used to indicate future actions where a group of people will engage in such an alliance or assistance.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΑΧΕΟΜΑΙ (macheomai), meaning 'to fight'. Thus, it literally means 'to fight together with'.

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAY-san

Translations: they stood away, they withdrew, they departed, they revolted, they apostatized, they fell away

Notes: This word describes the action of moving away from something or someone, often implying a separation, withdrawal, or even a rebellion. It can be used to describe physical departure or a more abstract falling away from a belief, allegiance, or relationship.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: From G575 (APO) meaning 'from' and G2476 (HISTEMI) meaning 'to stand'. The compound verb literally means 'to stand off from'.

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: gahm-MAH

Translations: three

Notes: This character, Gamma (Γ), when used as a numeral in ancient Greek, represents the number three. The preceding slash (/) is an unusual notation and is not a standard part of the Greek numeral system; it might be a specific transcription mark or a textual variant in the source manuscript. In typical usage, the numeral three would be written as Γʹ (Gamma with a keraia mark).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The letter Gamma (Γ) is derived from the Phoenician letter gimel. Its use as a numeral for 'three' is part of the Greek alphabetic numeral system, where letters were assigned numerical values.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-na-TOOS

Translations: powerful, mighty, able, strong, capable, of the powerful, of the mighty, to the powerful, to the mighty

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning powerful, mighty, or able. It describes someone or something possessing great strength, authority, or capability. It can be used to describe individuals who are influential or have significant power, or things that are possible or achievable. In its plural form, it often refers to 'powerful ones' or 'mighty men' when used substantively.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative or Genitive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: iss-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, by strength, with strength, in strength, to power, by power, with power, in power, to might, by might, with might, in might

Notes: This word is a noun meaning strength, power, or might. It is typically used to describe physical or moral force, ability, or influence. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning it functions as the indirect object of a verb or follows a preposition that takes the dative, often translated as 'to strength,' 'by strength,' 'with strength,' or 'in strength.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

G2165

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-oo-fran-THEH

Translations: rejoiced, was glad, made merry, was joyful

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ευφραίνω' (euphrainō), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It describes an action of experiencing joy or gladness that occurred in the past. As a passive form, it indicates that the subject was the recipient of the action, meaning they were made to rejoice or found themselves in a state of rejoicing.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΧΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ευφραίνω' (euphrainō) is derived from 'ευφρων' (euphrōn), meaning 'cheerful' or 'well-minded'. This in turn comes from 'ευ' (eu), meaning 'well', and 'φρην' (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'heart'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2198

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-fo-doh

Translations: (to) a way, (to) a journey, (to) a road, (to) an approach, (to) an attack, (to) an invasion

Notes: The word 'ΕΦΟΔΩ' is the dative singular form of the noun 'ἔφοδος' (ephodos). It refers to a way, a journey, a road, or an approach. In a military context, it can also mean an attack or an invasion. As a dative case, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' a way/journey/attack, or the means/instrument by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΩ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἔφοδος (ephodos) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the noun ὁδός (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road'. Thus, it literally means 'a way upon' or 'an approach to'.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-BOO-lon-toh

Translations: they wished, they wanted, they intended, they desired

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'boulomai'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that 'they' were wishing, wanting, or intending something. It often implies a deliberate or considered desire, as opposed to a sudden impulse.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gwelh₁- 'to throw, reach', which developed into the sense of 'to choose, to wish'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: AH-neh-lee

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. Given the context of the provided examples, it appears to be a verb form, possibly related to 'go up' or 'take up', but without diacritics, it's difficult to definitively identify. It might be a misspelling or variant of a word like 'ανελεῖ' (aneleí), which is a future active indicative form of 'ἀναιρέω' (anaireō), meaning 'to take up, destroy, kill'. However, without further context or diacritics, its exact meaning and grammatical function remain uncertain.

Inflection: Unknown

G0833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ow-LEN

Translations: courtyard, a courtyard, court, a court, palace, a palace, sheepfold, a sheepfold

Notes: This word refers to an open area, typically enclosed by walls or buildings. It can denote a courtyard, a palace, or even a sheepfold, depending on the context. It is often used to describe the outer area of a house or a royal residence.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΥΛΗ' (aule) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to blow' or 'to breathe', which evolved to refer to a hollow space or a pipe, and then to an enclosed space or courtyard.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-bon-toh

Translations: they seized, they grasped, they overtook, they apprehended, they attained, they comprehended

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). In its various forms, it can mean to seize, grasp, overtake, apprehend, attain, or comprehend. It often implies taking hold of something firmly, either physically or mentally, or catching up with someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G3614

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-kee-AS

Translations: (of) house, (of) home, (of) household, (of) family

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also extend to mean a household or a family, encompassing the people living within the house. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of a house' or 'belonging to a household'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a physical dwelling or a family unit.

G1359

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-OH-doss

Translations: passage, a passage, way through, a way through, road, a road, path, a path, of a passage, of a way through, of a road, of a path

Notes: This word refers to a passage, a way through, a road, or a path. It describes a route or a means of going from one place to another. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to the 'passages' or 'ways' of a city, which could be its roads or entrances.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ, ΤΡΙΒΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΟΔΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through,' and ΟΔΟΣ (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road.' Thus, it literally means 'a way through.'

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xan-toh

Translations: they began, they started

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai', meaning 'to begin' or 'to start'. It indicates an action that was initiated in the past by a group of people, often with the sense of taking the lead or being the first to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἄρχω (archō, “to be first, to rule”) + -ομαι (-omai, middle voice suffix).

G4191, G4192

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee

Translations: hostile, an enemy, a warrior, a fighter, of enemies, to enemies

Notes: This word is an inflected form of either 'polemios' (hostile, enemy) or 'polemistēs' (warrior). As an adjective, it describes something as hostile or belonging to an enemy. As a noun, it refers to an enemy or a warrior. Its meaning can shift depending on the context and the specific inflection, indicating possession, direction, or plurality.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Dative or Genitive

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΜΑΧΗΤΗΣ

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, or a follower of Judaism. In its accusative plural form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions, indicating 'Jews' as the recipients of an action or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ' is derived from 'ΙΟΥΔΑ' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It signifies someone belonging to or originating from Judah.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G1287

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-es-pa-REE-san

Translations: they were scattered, they were dispersed

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'diaspeirō'. It means 'they were scattered' or 'they were dispersed'. It describes a past action where a group of people or things were spread out or separated from one another, often involuntarily or as a result of external forces. It is a compound word formed from 'dia' (through, apart) and 'speirō' (to sow, to scatter).

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΧΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G1709

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-eh-PY-ree-san

Translations: they set on fire, they burned up, they consumed with fire

Notes: This word describes the action of setting something on fire or burning it completely. It is used to indicate that a group of people performed this action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΚΑΙΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb πυρίζω (pyrizō), meaning 'to set on fire', which itself comes from πῦρ (pyr), meaning 'fire'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-soh-san

Translations: they saved, they rescued, they delivered, they preserved, they healed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save,' 'to rescue,' 'to deliver,' 'to preserve,' or 'to heal.' It describes an action where a group of people (implied by 'they') brought someone or something out of danger, sickness, or destruction into a state of safety, health, or well-being. It is often used in contexts of physical deliverance or spiritual salvation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΣΩΖΩ (sōzō) comes from the ancient Greek word σῶς (sōs), meaning 'safe' or 'sound.' It has been used since ancient times to convey the idea of bringing to safety or preserving.

G2616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-krah-TEH-san

Translations: they took possession of, they held fast, they overpowered, they prevailed against, they seized

Notes: This word describes the act of taking firm control or possession of something, often implying a strong or forceful grasp. It can also mean to overpower or prevail against someone or something. It is typically used in a past tense context, indicating that the action of taking control or prevailing has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρατέω (katakrateō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong', 'to rule', or 'to hold power'. Thus, it signifies a strong or complete exercise of power or control.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, Jewish people

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Judea, or more broadly, to the Jewish people, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who adhere to Judaism. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes them from Gentiles (non-Jews). It is used to describe the ethnic and religious group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah and later the kingdom of Judah. The Greek form 'Ioudaios' means 'of Judah' or 'a Judean', which then came to mean 'Jew'.

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAH-tay-san

Translations: they held, they took hold of, they seized, they arrested, they prevailed, they were strong, they mastered, they overcame

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'krateo'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). The core meaning of 'krateo' is to be strong, to hold power, or to take hold of something. Depending on the context, it can mean to seize or arrest someone, to prevail over an opponent, to master a skill, or simply to hold onto something firmly.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ

Etymology: The verb 'krateo' comes from the Greek noun 'kratos' (κράτος), meaning 'strength', 'power', or 'dominion'. It signifies the exercise or possession of power.

G2896

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAX-an

Translations: they cried out, they shouted, they screamed, they proclaimed

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κράζω' (krazō), meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point, and performed by a group of people ('they'). It often implies a loud, urgent, or intense vocalization, whether in distress, excitement, or to make a proclamation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΑΩ, ΚΕΚΡΑΓΑ

Etymology: The verb 'κράζω' (krazō) is of imitative origin, mimicking the sound of a cry or shriek. It is related to the English word 'caw' and similar onomatopoeic words across various languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doss

Translations: give

Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to issue a direct command or instruction to a single person, equivalent to saying 'Give!' or 'You give!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nayne

Translations: peace, a peace, quietness, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can also denote prosperity, welfare, or security. In ancient Greek, it often implies the absence of war or civil strife, but can also refer to inner peace or a state of well-being. The form 'ΙΡΗΝΗΝ' is the accusative singular, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē) is of uncertain etymology, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement. It is related to the concept of a treaty or covenant that brings about peace.

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-dox-AS-theh-san

Translations: they were glorified, they were honored, they were magnified

Notes: This is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'doxazo'. It means 'they were glorified' or 'they were honored/magnified'. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed, and the subjects received the glory or honor.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΔΟΞΑΖΩ (doxazo) is derived from the noun ΔΟΞΑ (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion'. It signifies the act of attributing glory or honor to someone or something.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-TOH

Translations: altogether, entirely, by all means, in every way

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As an adverb, 'παντῶ' means 'altogether' or 'entirely', indicating completeness or totality in an action or state. It can also mean 'by all means' or 'in every way', emphasizing a comprehensive manner.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΛΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΕΛΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'πᾶς' (pas), from which 'παντῶ' is derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-es-TREP-san

Translations: they returned, they turned back, they converted

Notes: This word describes the action of turning around, turning back, or returning. It can also carry the spiritual sense of converting or turning to God. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past by a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (STREPHO), meaning 'to turn'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, holding fast, being in a state of, being able to, being, having power

Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine nominative/vocative plural, or feminine nominative/vocative/accusative plural of the verb 'echo'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of having, holding, or possessing something. It can also indicate a state of being or an ability.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Vocative Masculine Plural, or Nominative/Vocative/Accusative Feminine Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, in front of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or an improper preposition, meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It is used to indicate a position directly in front of someone or something, or to denote being under the observation or authority of someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (en, meaning 'in') and 'ὤψ' (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'countenance'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G4704

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-PEV-sa-to

Translations: he hurried, she hurried, it hurried, he hastened, she hastened, it hastened, he made haste, she made haste, it made haste

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist middle indicative form of the verb σπεύδω (speudō). It describes an action completed in the past, emphasizing the subject's involvement in the action of hurrying or hastening. It can be used to describe someone or something that quickly moved or acted.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΟΜΑΙ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ

G0526

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-lo-tree-O-the-san

Translations: they were alienated, they were estranged, they were made strangers

Notes: This word describes the state of being alienated or estranged from someone or something. It implies a separation or a turning away, often from a relationship, a community, or a set of principles. In a theological context, it can refer to being estranged from God or from a covenant. It is often used to describe a state of being cut off or made a stranger.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΞΕΝΟΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ (allotrios), meaning 'belonging to another', 'foreign', or 'alien'. The verb form means to make someone or something alien or foreign.

G2346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ETH-lee-ben

Translations: he was pressing, he was afflicting, he was troubling, he was oppressing, he was distressing

Notes: This word describes the action of pressing, squeezing, or putting pressure on something or someone. It can be used literally, such as pressing grapes, or figuratively, to mean afflicting, oppressing, or causing distress to a person or group. In the given context, it often refers to the act of a military force pressing or afflicting an enemy or a city.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΩ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-STREP-sen

Translations: he turned away, he turned back, he turned aside, he rejected, he restored

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apostrepho'. It describes an action completed in the past, indicating that 'he' or 'it' turned something away, turned back, rejected, or restored. It can refer to physical turning or a metaphorical turning away from something, such as rejecting a person or a teaching.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-theh-toh

Translations: he put on, he laid on, he placed on, he imposed, he attacked, he added

Notes: This word is the aorist middle/passive indicative third person singular form of the verb 'epitithēmi'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to put or lay something on someone or something', 'to impose something (like a tax or a crown)', 'to attack or assault', or 'to add something'. In the provided examples, it is used to describe putting on a crown, laying earth on one's head, and a king attacking.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word 'epitithēmi' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'on') and the verb 'tithēmi' (meaning 'to put' or 'to place'). It literally means 'to put upon'.

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-koh-RAH-kee-sen

Translations: he cast out, he rejected, he dismissed, he drove away

Notes: This word describes the act of casting out, rejecting, or driving someone or something away with contempt or disdain. It implies a forceful and definitive dismissal. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ΑΠΟ' (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'ΣΚΟΡΑΚΙΖΩ' (SKORAKIZO), which means 'to cast out' or 'to drive away'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tro-POH-thay-san

Translations: they were turned, they were changed, they were converted, they were put to flight

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'trepo'. It describes an action that happened in the past, where a group of subjects underwent a change or turning, rather than performing the action themselves. It can mean to be turned, changed, converted, or even put to flight, depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-lah-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received, he got, she got, it got

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes a completed action in the past performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He took the book' or 'She received the gift.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G2616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-KRAH-tay-sen

Translations: prevailed against, overcame, mastered, held fast, took possession of

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to rule'. It signifies to prevail over someone or something, to overcome, or to take firm hold of. It implies a strong, decisive victory or mastery in a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΥΠΕΡΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρατέω (katakrateō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to prevail'. The verb κρατέω itself derives from κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, dominion'.

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-OH-teh-ross

Translations: younger, newest, youngest, newer

Notes: This word is the comparative and superlative form of the adjective 'ΝΕΟΣ' (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. As a comparative, it means 'younger' or 'newer'. As a superlative, it means 'youngest' or 'newest'. It is used to describe someone or something that is more recent in age or time compared to others, or the most recent among a group.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Comparative or Superlative

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: IS-tay-mee

Translations: stand, set, appoint, establish, cause to stand, place, make to stand

Notes: This verb means to cause something to stand, to set it in place, or to establish it. It can also mean to stand oneself, to take a stand, or to stop. It is used in various contexts, often implying stability, establishment, or a fixed position. When used transitively, it means to set or appoint; when used intransitively, it means to stand.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΚΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stand'. It is related to the English word 'stand'.

G749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neh

Translations: high priesthood, a high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'ΑΡΧΙ' (chief, first) and 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (priesthood). It refers to the office or dignity of a high priest, or the high priesthood itself. The overline on the final 'Η' indicates a scribal abbreviation, where the full word 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' is intended.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'ΑΡΧΙ-' (chief, first) and 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (priesthood). 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' itself comes from 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (priest).

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TEE-mee

Translations: appoint, set, establish, place, make, constitute

Notes: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to set down, to appoint, to establish, or to place someone or something in a particular position or role. It is often used in contexts of authority, such as appointing officials or establishing laws.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The combination implies setting something down or establishing it firmly.

G4095

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PI-nee

Translations: to drink, to imbibe

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'πίνω' (pinō), meaning 'to drink' or 'to imbibe'. It describes the act of consuming a liquid. The form 'πίνι' is not a standard or common inflection in Koine Greek. It is highly likely a misspelling or a rare, non-standard dialectal form. If it were a standard form, it might be a third-person singular present active indicative, but the ending is irregular for that. It could also potentially be a noun related to drinking, but again, the form is unusual.

Inflection: Uncertain; possibly a misspelling or non-standard inflection of 'πίνω'. If it were a standard form, it might be related to a third-person singular present active indicative, but this is speculative.

Synonyms: ΠΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΝΩ

G4209

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-FY-rah

Translations: purple, purple cloth, purple dye, a purple garment

Notes: This word refers to the color purple, or more specifically, to the valuable purple dye extracted from certain mollusks. It can also denote the cloth or garment dyed with this purple color, which was often associated with royalty, wealth, and high status in ancient times. It is used to describe objects or clothing that are purple.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΦΥΡΟΥΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to the purple dye obtained from murex shells.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-DEL-foh

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow countryman, fellow believer, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother, either by birth or in a broader sense, such as a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a fellow believer in a religious or social context. It is a compound word, formed from 'a' (alpha privative, meaning 'same' or 'together') and 'delphys' (womb), literally meaning 'from the same womb'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΣ, ΟΜΟΓΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ' (adelphos) is a compound word derived from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to a sibling.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THROI-sthee-san

Translations: they were gathered, they had gathered, they assembled, they had assembled

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'αθροίζω' (athroizo), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It describes a past action where a group of people or things were brought together or collected. It implies that the gathering was either done to them (passive) or that they gathered themselves (middle voice sense often conveyed by passive forms in Koine).

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1743

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: en-DOKS-ohs

Translations: gloriously, splendidly, magnificently, with glory, in glory

Notes: This word describes an action or state that is performed or exists in a glorious, splendid, or magnificent manner. It emphasizes the honor, dignity, or brilliance associated with something. For example, one might act gloriously or be glorified splendidly.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΩΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ (endoxos), meaning 'glorious, honorable', which is a compound of ΕΝ (en, 'in') and ΔΟΞΑ (doxa, 'glory, opinion').

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, she went away, it went away, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Therefore, 'ἀπῆλθεν' specifically means 'he/she/it went away' or 'he/she/it departed'. It describes movement from one place to another, indicating a departure or withdrawal.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

G1564

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-KAY-then

Translations: from there, thence, from that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating movement or origin from a specific place or point in time. It can be used to describe someone or something coming from a particular location, or an event happening subsequently from a previous point in time. For example, 'he went from there' or 'from that point, he did X'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙ, ΕΝΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ is derived from the demonstrative adverb ΕΚΕΙ (there) and the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or movement from a place. It signifies 'from that place'.

G1047

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zan

Translations: Gaza, a treasure, treasure

Notes: This word can refer to two distinct things: the city of Gaza, a significant city in ancient Philistia, or a store of wealth, a treasury, or treasure itself. When referring to the city, it is a proper noun. When referring to treasure, it is a common noun. Its meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'Γάζα' (Gaza) as a proper noun for the city is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning 'strong' or 'fortress'. As a common noun meaning 'treasure', it is believed to be of Persian origin, referring to the royal treasury.

G0614

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pek-LEE-san

Translations: they turned away, they turned aside, they departed, they deviated

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apoklinō'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, meaning they turned away, turned aside, or deviated from a path or course. It can imply a physical turning or a moral deviation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΙΝΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'apoklinō' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'klinō' (meaning 'to bend' or 'to incline'). Thus, it literally means 'to bend away from'.

G1048

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zays

Translations: of Gaza

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun "Gaza," referring to the ancient city located in the southwestern Levant. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying "of Gaza" or "Gaza's" in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like "the walls of Gaza" or "the king of Gaza."

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Gaza" is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning "strong" or "fortress." It has been known by this name since ancient times.

G4035

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-KAH-thee-sen

Translations: besieged, surrounded, sat around

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb καθίζω (kathizō), meaning 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'. In its inflected form, it means 'he/she/it besieged' or 'he/she/it sat around'. It describes the action of surrounding or encamping around a place or person, often with hostile intent, like laying siege to a city.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around, about', and the verb καθίζω (kathizō), meaning 'to sit down, to cause to sit'. The verb καθίζω itself comes from κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and ἵζω (hizō), meaning 'to sit'.

G1708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-PY-ree-seh

Translations: he set on fire, he burned, he consumed with fire

Notes: This word describes the action of setting something ablaze or burning it completely. It is often used in contexts of destruction or judgment, indicating a thorough consumption by fire.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΚΑΙΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en, meaning 'in' or 'on') and the verb πυρίζω (pyrizō, meaning 'to set on fire'), which comes from πῦρ (pyr, meaning 'fire').

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TAS

Translations: them, these, those, her, it, the same

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' (intensive), 'he, she, it, they' (personal pronoun, often emphatic), or 'the same' (demonstrative). In this specific inflected form, it is the accusative plural feminine, meaning it refers to multiple feminine objects or persons as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can be translated as 'them' (feminine), 'these' (feminine), or 'those' (feminine).

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-xee-OH-san

Translations: they deemed worthy, they thought fit, they demanded, they asked, they requested

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἀξιόω' (axioō). It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, indicating that they considered something or someone worthy, thought it appropriate, or made a demand or request. It implies a judgment of worthiness or a strong assertion of a claim.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀξιόω (axioō) is derived from the adjective ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. It developed to express the idea of deeming something worthy or demanding what is considered due.

G1188

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: de-ksee-AS

Translations: (of) the right, (of) the right hand, (of) the right side, (of) a pledge, (of) an agreement

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or the noun 'δεξιά' (dexia), meaning 'right hand' or 'right side'. It can also refer to a pledge or agreement, often symbolized by the giving of the right hand. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'right hand' or 'right side' (as in 'cup of the right hand of the Lord') and also in the sense of 'pledges' or 'agreements' (as in 'giving pledges').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: AR-khon-toh

Translations: of ruling, of governing, of leading, of beginning, of being first, of being chief

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter form of the present active participle of the verb 'archō'. It describes those who are ruling, governing, or leading. It can also refer to those who are beginning or are first or chief in some capacity. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to these actions or roles.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΩΤΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'archō' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It is related to words signifying 'first' or 'chief'.

G3676

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-may-rah

Translations: hostage, a hostage, hostages

Notes: This word refers to a person given or held as security for the fulfillment of an agreement or demand. It is commonly used in the context of treaties, truces, or military situations where individuals are held to ensure compliance or prevent hostile actions. It can be used in both singular and plural forms, referring to one or multiple hostages.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Etymology: The word "ΟΜΗΡΟΣ" (homēros) is derived from the Greek verb "ὁμηρέω" (homēreō), meaning "to meet, to agree, to be a hostage." It is related to "ὅμηρος" (homēros), meaning "pledge" or "security."

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G1154

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dah-mas-KOO

Translations: of Damascus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Damascus', referring to the ancient city in Syria. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Damascus' or 'Damascus'' in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the king of Damascus' or 'the people of Damascus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, possibly meaning 'well-watered place'. It has been continuously inhabited for millennia and is one of the oldest cities in the world.

G2743

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAY-des

Translations: cares, concerns, troubles, sorrows, griefs, funeral rites, family connections, relatives

Notes: This word refers to a state of care, concern, or anxiety, often implying a burden or sorrow. It can also refer to funeral rites or, in a broader sense, to family connections or relatives, particularly those related by marriage. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from emotional distress to social relationships.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΙ, ΛΥΠΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΗ

Etymology: The word κῆδος (kēdos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κήδω (kēdō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to trouble oneself'.

G1056

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yah

Translations: Galilee

Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in biblical history, particularly as the primary setting for Jesus's ministry. It is often referred to in the New Testament.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Galilee' comes from the Hebrew word 'galil' (גָּלִיל), meaning 'circle' or 'district'. It referred to a district of northern Israel, particularly the region inhabited by Gentiles.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noy

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, wanting, willing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing, desiring, or intending something. It often indicates a deliberate or considered desire, as opposed to a spontaneous one. It can be used to describe the subject of a sentence who is performing an action out of a particular will or intention.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3179

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-thih-STAY-sai

Translations: to remove, to move, to transfer, to change, to turn away, to cause to revolt

Notes: This verb means to move from one place to another, to transfer, or to cause someone or something to change position or allegiance. It can also imply a change in state or condition, or even to cause a revolt or defection. It is used to describe physical movement as well as metaphorical changes.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετά (metá, “among, with, after”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand, to set up”).

G4876

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-een-TEE-san

Translations: they met, they encountered, they came together

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'συναντάω' (synantao), meaning 'to meet with' or 'to encounter'. The overline on the 'Η' indicates a scribal abbreviation for 'ΗΝ', meaning the full word is 'ΣΥΝΗΝΤΗΣΑΝ'. It describes an action where multiple subjects came together or met someone or something.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-TAY-sen

Translations: sought, searched, inquired, investigated, desired, required

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to seek', 'to search for', 'to inquire', or 'to investigate'. It can also mean 'to desire' or 'to require'. The form provided, ΣΥΝΗΤΗΣΕΝ, is the aorist active indicative, third person singular, meaning 'he/she/it sought' or 'he/she/it inquired'. The overline on the 'H' in ΣΥΝ‾Η‾ΤΗΣΕΝ is unusual for a standard scribal abbreviation or nomina sacra within a verb form like this. It is most likely a scribal error in the original manuscript or a transcription error in the provided text, as the word 'συνεζήτησεν' (synezētēsen) is a common form meaning 'he/she/it discussed' or 'he/she/it disputed' (from συνζητέω). If the overline is intentional, it might indicate a less common abbreviation or a specific scribal practice not widely documented for this particular word, but the most probable interpretation is that it's a standard verb form with an anomalous overline.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ζητέω (zēteō, “to seek, search”). The prefix συν- (syn-) means 'with' or 'together', indicating a joint or collective action of seeking or discussing.

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LIH-pen

Translations: he left, he abandoned, he forsook, he remained, he bequeathed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb καταλείπω (kataleipō). It means 'he/she/it left behind,' 'abandoned,' 'forsook,' or 'remained.' It can also imply leaving something as an inheritance or legacy. It is used to describe an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The word καταλείπω (kataleipō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon.'

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow man, a fellow man

Notes: This word refers to a male sibling, a brother. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a member of the same community or faith. It is a masculine noun and is used here in the singular accusative case, typically functioning as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G4613

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SEE-mohn

Translations: Simon, Simeon

Notes: This is a proper noun, a common male personal name in ancient times, particularly prominent in the New Testament. It refers to several individuals, most notably Simon Peter, one of Jesus's apostles. It is also the Greek form of the Hebrew name Simeon.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, derived from the verb 'shama' (שָׁמַע), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G0963

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beth-SOO-rah

Translations: Beth-zur, Bethsura

Notes: Beth-zur (or Bethsura) is a proper noun referring to an ancient fortified city in Judea, located in the hill country of Judah. It is mentioned in the Old Testament and in the books of Maccabees as a strategic stronghold. It is used in sentences to denote the specific location of this city.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew בֵּית צוּר (Beth Tsur), meaning 'house of rock' or 'house of the rock'. It is a compound word formed from 'beth' (house) and 'tsur' (rock).

G4938

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ek-KLEE-sen

Translations: inclined together, turned aside together, bent together, bowed together

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the root ΚΛΙΝΩ (to incline, bend), with the prefixes ΣΥΝ- (together, with) and ΕΚ- (out, away from). It means to incline, turn, or bend together with someone or something, or to turn aside completely in a collective sense. It describes a joint action of leaning or deviating.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΚΚΛΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΚΚΛΙΝΩΣΙΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EH-bal-en

Translations: he cast out, he threw out, he drove out, he sent out, he put out, he expelled, he brought forth, he took out

Notes: This word describes the action of casting, throwing, or driving something or someone out from a place or state. It can imply expulsion, removal, or even bringing something forth. It is often used in contexts of expelling demons, driving people out of a place, or even a tree bearing fruit.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΚΔΙΩΚΩ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-beh-toh

Translations: he seized, he took possession of, he captured, he apprehended, he overtook, he understood

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It means to seize, take possession of, capture, or apprehend. In some contexts, it can also mean to overtake or to understand fully. It describes an action of taking hold of something or someone, often with force or determination.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, he put, he laid, he set, he appointed, he made, he established, he laid down, he laid up, he put for himself, he placed for himself, he laid for himself, he set for himself

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative middle voice of the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to put, place, lay, or set'. In the middle voice, the action is performed by the subject for their own benefit or with a particular interest in the outcome, or it can simply be a reflexive action. Therefore, it often translates as 'he/she/it put/placed/laid/set for himself/herself/itself' or 'he/she/it made/appointed for himself/herself/itself'. It can also mean 'to establish' or 'to lay down' (as in a law or a life).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place, set'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with many derivatives and compounds.

G5432

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHROU-rah

Translations: guard, a guard, garrison, a garrison, watch, a watch, prison, a prison

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a body of guards, a garrison, or a place of confinement like a prison. It can also refer to the act of guarding or keeping watch. It is used to describe military protection or a place where someone is held under guard.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΚΗ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word Φρουρά (phroura) comes from the verb φρουρέω (phroureō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to watch over'. It is related to the idea of foresight and protection.

G3925

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-em-bo-LEE

Translations: camp, an army, a barracks, a fortress, a castle, a camp of Israel, a military camp

Notes: This word refers to a military camp, an encampment, or an army itself. It can also denote a barracks, a fortress, or a castle, particularly in the context of a fortified place where soldiers reside. In the New Testament, it is often used to refer to the Roman barracks in Jerusalem or the camp of Israel in the wilderness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΟΝ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἐμβολή' (embolē), meaning 'an insertion' or 'a thrusting in'. Together, it refers to a place where something is thrown or placed alongside, hence an encampment or camp.

G1080

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gen-NEE-sai

Translations: to beget, to give birth, to bear, to produce, to generate

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ΓΕΝΝΑΩ'. It means 'to beget', 'to give birth to', or 'to produce'. It describes the act of bringing something or someone into existence, often referring to procreation or the origin of something. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after other verbs or prepositions.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΩ, ΦΥΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΕΝΝΑΩ comes from the Greek root γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, kin'. It is related to the idea of origin and family lineage.

G3722

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OR-thri-san

Translations: they rose early, they came early in the morning, they were up early

Notes: This word describes the action of rising or coming early in the morning, often before dawn or at first light. It implies an intentional and prompt start to an activity or journey at the very beginning of the day. It is used to indicate that a group of people performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word ὀρθρίζω (orthrizō) is derived from ὄρθρος (orthros), meaning 'early morning' or 'dawn'. It signifies an action performed at or relating to the early hours of the day.

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G3813

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEE-on

Translations: child, a child, infant, an infant, little child, a little child

Notes: This word refers to a young child or an infant. It is a diminutive form of the word 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child' or 'servant', emphasizing the smallness or tenderness of the child. It can be used generally to refer to any young person, often implying innocence or youth.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΒΡΕΦΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'παιδίον' (paidíon), a diminutive of 'παῖς' (paîs, “child, boy, servant”).

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: ah-SOHR

Translations: 1101

Notes: This word is a numeral in Koine Greek, indicated by the keraia (ʼ) at the end. It represents the number 1101. In the Greek numeral system, letters are assigned numerical values, and these values are summed to form larger numbers. Alpha (Α) represents 1, Sigma (Σ) represents 200, Omega (Ω) represents 800, and Rho (Ρ) represents 100. Adding these values together (1 + 200 + 800 + 100) gives 1101.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: This word is formed by combining Greek letters, each representing a numerical value, to form a number. It is not a lexical word with a traditional etymology.

G0246

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: al-lo-FY-lon

Translations: (of) foreigners, (of) aliens, (of) strangers, (of) other tribes, (of) Philistines

Notes: This word refers to people of another tribe, nation, or race, essentially meaning 'foreigners' or 'aliens'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other', and 'φυλή' (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'. In some contexts, particularly in the Septuagint (the Greek Old Testament), it specifically refers to the Philistines, who were a foreign people to the Israelites. It is used to describe those who are not part of one's own people or group.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΙ, ΕΘΝΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'. It literally means 'of another tribe'.

G522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEEN-tah

Translations: met, encountered, came to meet, went to meet

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ἀπαντάω' (apantaō), meaning 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was meeting or going to meet another person or group. It often implies a movement towards someone for the purpose of a meeting.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΥΠΑΝΤΑΩ

G1749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-EH-dron

Translations: ambush, an ambush, trap, a trap, lying in wait

Notes: This word refers to a place where one lies in wait to attack by surprise, or the act of lying in wait itself. It is often used in military contexts or when describing a deceptive plan to capture or harm someone. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐν' (in) and 'ἕδρα' (seat, base).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΔΡΕΙΑ, ΕΝΕΔΡΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'ἐν' (in) and 'ἕδρα' (a seat, base, or place where one sits). It literally means 'a sitting in' or 'a place for sitting in wait'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-as

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, adverse, (of) the opposite, (of) the contrary, (of) the hostile, (of) the adverse

Notes: This word describes something that is opposite, contrary, or hostile. It can refer to a physical position (facing opposite) or a metaphorical opposition (being against something or someone). It is often used to describe an opposing force, an adversary, or a conflicting idea. In this form, it is the genitive singular, indicating possession or relation to something else.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition 'en' (in) and 'anti' (against), conveying the sense of being 'in opposition to' or 'against'.

G1747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-NEH-drah

Translations: ambush, a lying in wait, a trap

Notes: This word refers to a hidden position from which an attack can be made, or the act of lying in wait to surprise an enemy. It is often used in contexts describing military tactics or plots to harm someone by surprise.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΓΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΔΡΑ is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ΕΔΡΑ (hedra, meaning 'seat' or 'place'). Thus, it literally means 'a sitting in' or 'a lying in wait'.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-an-ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood up, they rose up, they arose, they were raised up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'ἐξ-' (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἀνίστημι' (anistēmi), which means 'to raise up' or 'to stand up'. Therefore, 'ἐξανίστημι' (exanistēmi) means 'to cause to stand up out of', 'to raise up from', or 'to rise up from'. In this specific form, it indicates that a group of people 'stood up' or 'rose up' from a previous state or position.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΣΤΗΣΑΝ, ΕΓΕΙΡΟΝ

Etymology: The verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi) is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The prefix ἐξ- (ex-) is added to form ἐξανίστημι (exanistēmi), indicating movement 'out of' or 'from'.

G4171

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-leh-moh

Translations: war, a war, battle, a battle, conflict, a conflict, (of) war, (of) battle, (of) conflict

Notes: This word refers to a state of armed conflict between different countries or groups, or a particular engagement within such a conflict. It can be used to describe both large-scale warfare and individual battles. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive case, indicating origin or separation (e.g., 'from war'), and in the nominative case, indicating the subject of a sentence (e.g., 'when war comes').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΕΡΙΣ, ΑΓΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'πόλεμος' (polemos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'πάλλω' (pallō), meaning 'to brandish' or 'to shake', referring to the brandishing of weapons. It has been used since ancient Greek times to denote war or battle.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G3161

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mat-tath-EE-as

Translations: Mattathias, Matthew

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to a male personal name. It is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Mattityahu, meaning 'gift of Yahweh'. It is the name of several individuals in the Bible, most notably the father of Judas Maccabeus and one of the apostles, also known as Matthew.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Mattathias is of Hebrew origin, derived from the name Mattityahu (מַתִּתְיָהוּ), meaning 'gift of Yahweh'. It was Hellenized into Mattathias in Greek.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-oh

Translations: of power, of strength, of ability, of might, of force, of a miracle, of a mighty work, of a powerful deed, of an army, of a host

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'δύναμις' (dynamis). It refers to inherent power, strength, or ability, often implying a miraculous or supernatural capacity. It can also refer to a powerful deed, a miracle, or even a military force or host. In context, it often describes the power of God or a powerful individual.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣ

G1284

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-er-RAYK-sen

Translations: tore, ripped, burst, broke open, rent

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'. It means to tear completely, to rip apart, or to burst open. It is often used in the context of tearing clothes as a sign of grief or distress, or of something breaking open violently.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΧΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word διαρρήγνυμι is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'.

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREH-fon

Translations: they were returning, they were going back, they returned, they went back

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. In this form, it describes an ongoing or repeated action of returning or going back in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people was in the process of returning to a place or state.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen

Translations: returned, went back, came back

Notes: This word means 'returned' or 'went back'. It describes the action of someone or something going back to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G5343

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: FEV-gon-tes

Translations: fleeing, running away, escaping, those who flee, those who are fleeing

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to flee' (φεύγω). It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the fleeing people'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'those who are fleeing'). It implies a rapid departure, often from danger or an undesirable situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-dee-OH-kahn

Translations: they pursued, they chased, they persecuted, they followed after, they pressed on

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pursue,' 'to chase,' 'to persecute,' or 'to follow after.' It can describe physical pursuit, but also a more abstract 'pressing on' towards a goal or 'persecuting' someone. In the provided context, it describes a group of people chasing or pursuing someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΩΚΩ is believed to be of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to run' or 'to move quickly.'

G3925