2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he understood, she understood, it understood

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to understand'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or comprehending information. As an aorist tense verb, it describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It is in the third person singular, meaning the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: gathered, collected, assembled

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb συναγω (synago). It means to gather together, collect, or assemble. It is a compound word formed from the preposition συν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb αγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead or bring together'. It is used to describe the action of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G5172

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TROO-fone

Translations: Tryphon

Notes: Tryphon is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating a person's name. It is used to identify a historical figure, specifically a general who later became a king in the Seleucid Empire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Tryphon is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'τρυφάω' (tryphaō), meaning 'to live luxuriously' or 'to live delicately'. It implies a person who is delicate, luxurious, or effeminate.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EL-thayn

Translations: to come, to go, to arrive

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As an infinitive, it expresses the action of coming or going without specifying a subject or a particular tense relative to the main verb in a sentence. It often functions similarly to 'to come' or 'to go' in English, indicating purpose or result.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a very common verb in ancient Greek and its various forms are found throughout Greek literature and the New Testament.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh

Translations: he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao) or 'εἴδω' (eido), which means 'to see' or 'to perceive'. It describes a completed action of seeing in the past, often implying a sudden or definite act of perception. It is used to state that a specific individual (he, she, or it) performed the action of seeing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see'. The aorist stem 'εἶδον' (eidon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense, specifically from an older root related to 'knowing' or 'seeing'.

G1790

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-TROH-mos

Translations: trembling, terrified, afraid

Notes: This word describes someone who is trembling or shaking due to extreme fear or terror. It is used to convey a state of being utterly terrified or greatly alarmed. It can be used to describe a person's reaction to a frightening event or presence.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΟΒΟΣ, ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix 'εν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and 'τρομος' (tromos), meaning 'trembling' or 'shaking'. It literally means 'in a state of trembling'.

G1630

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ek-FOH-bos

Translations: terrified, greatly afraid, in great fear

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is in a state of extreme fear or terror. It is used to emphasize a profound sense of dread or fright, indicating that the person is overwhelmed by fear.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΜΦΟΒΟΣ, ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek preposition 'ek' (meaning 'out of' or 'from') and 'phobos' (meaning 'fear'). It literally means 'out of fear' or 'filled with fear'.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee

Translations: he went up, she went up, it went up, he ascended, she ascended, it ascended, he came up, she came up, it came up, he climbed, she climbed, it climbed

Notes: This word describes the action of going up, ascending, or climbing. It is a past tense form, specifically indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to describe a person or thing moving upwards, such as ascending a mountain, going up to a city, or rising from a lower place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sa-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for 'Jerusalem', a significant city in ancient Israel. It is a proper noun, referring to the capital city of Judea, known for its religious and historical importance. The overlines indicate that it is a contracted form, and the final mark (keraia) signifies that it is an abbreviation, not a number.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim), meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sah-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem), which is the Greek name for Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center. It is a proper noun referring to the city itself. The apostrophe-like mark at the end (ʼ) is a keraia, which can sometimes indicate a number, but in this context, it is most likely a scribal mark or a variant of the abbreviation for the city name. It is used to refer to the city in various contexts, such as its inhabitants, its structures, or people coming from it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative (indeclinable)

Etymology: The name Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem) is of Hebrew origin, derived from יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushalayim). It is a compound word, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-THROY-sen

Translations: he gathered, he collected, he assembled, he brought together

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'athroizo'. It means 'he/she/it gathered' or 'he/she/it collected'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, often referring to the act of bringing people or things together into one place.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The verb 'athroizo' comes from the Greek word 'athroos' (ἀθρόος), meaning 'crowded, in a mass, all together'. It is formed by combining the prefix 'a-' (ἀ-) meaning 'together' or 'at the same time' with 'throos' (θρόος), related to 'throeo' (θροέω) meaning 'to cry aloud, to make a noise', implying a gathering with sound or commotion.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-sen

Translations: he called, he summoned, he urged, he exhorted, he comforted, he encouraged, he appealed, he implored, he requested

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to call to one's side, to summon, to urge, to exhort, to comfort, or to encourage. It can also mean to appeal to, to implore, or to request. Its specific meaning often depends on the context and the direct object it takes. In the provided examples, it seems to be used in the sense of urging or requesting someone to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-kos

Translations: house, a house, home, household, family, temple, dwelling, habitation

Notes: This word refers primarily to a physical dwelling or building, such as a house or home. However, its meaning extends to encompass the inhabitants of a house, thus referring to a household or family. In a broader sense, it can also denote a lineage, a dynasty, or even a temple or place of worship, as it is considered the 'house of God'. It is a very common and versatile word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΟΙΚΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weik-, meaning 'to enter, to settle'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to dwellings or settlements.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-eh-sah-meh

Translations: we made, we did, we produced, we performed, we created

Notes: This is a verb in the first person plural, aorist active indicative. It means 'we made' or 'we did'. The aorist tense typically describes a past action as a simple, completed event, without emphasizing its duration or repetition. It can be used to describe a single action that occurred in the past, or a series of actions viewed as a whole. For example, 'We made a covenant' or 'We did these things'.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΜΕΝ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΘΑ

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rin

Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks

Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hah-GHEE-ohn

Translations: of holy ones, of saints, of holy things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'hagios', meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used substantively, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. It describes something belonging to or associated with those who are set apart for God or dedicated to a sacred purpose. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the words of the holy ones' or 'the temple of holy things'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ, ΚΑΘΑΡΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DOH-men

Translations: we saw, we have seen, let us see, we might see

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horaō), meaning 'to see'. It is used to express the action of seeing performed by a group, specifically 'we'. Depending on the context, it can function as an aorist indicative (we saw/have seen) or an aorist subjunctive (let us see/we might see). The subjunctive form is often used in exhortations or expressions of possibility.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative or Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LIF-thayn

Translations: I was left, I was left behind, I was forsaken, I was abandoned

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΑΤΕΛΙΦΘΗΝ (kateliphthēn). It is the first person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb καταλείπω (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind', 'to forsake', or 'to abandon'. In this form, it means 'I was left behind' or 'I was forsaken'. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being left or abandoned.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROH

Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

G2347

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THLIP-seh-ohss

Translations: (of) tribulation, (of) affliction, (of) distress, (of) trouble, (of) pressure, a tribulation, an affliction, a distress, a trouble, a pressure

Notes: This word refers to a state of pressure, distress, or suffering. It denotes a crushing or pressing together, which can be literal or figurative, leading to hardship or trouble. It is often used in the context of difficulties, persecutions, or severe trials faced by individuals or communities.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΠΙΕΣΙΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΗ

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G1556

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-dee-KEE-soh

Translations: I will avenge, I will vindicate, I will punish, I will take vengeance

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to avenge,' 'to vindicate,' or 'to punish.' It implies taking action to right a wrong, either by punishing the offender or by defending the innocent. It is often used in contexts of divine judgment or human justice.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Future Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΩΡΗΣΩ, ΚΟΛΑΣΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκδικέω (ekdikeo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the noun δίκη (dike), meaning 'justice' or 'right.' Thus, it literally means 'to obtain justice from' or 'to execute justice.'

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-EEKH-theh-san

Translations: they were gathered together, they assembled, they were brought together

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'συν-' (together, with) and the verb 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring). In its full form, 'συνάγω' means 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. The form 'ΣΥΝΕΗΧΘΗΣΑΝ' specifically indicates that a group of people or things were gathered or assembled by an external force, rather than gathering themselves. It describes an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'συνάγω' is formed from the preposition 'σύν' (with, together) and the verb 'ἄγω' (to lead, to bring). It describes the action of bringing multiple entities into a single collection or location.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EEKH-theh-san

Translations: they were gathered, they assembled, they came together

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be gathered together or to assemble. It describes a group of people coming together in one place, often for a specific purpose or in response to an event. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of bringing or leading things or people together.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0329

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ez-oh-PY-ree-sen

Translations: he rekindled, he stirred up, he fanned into flame

Notes: This word describes the act of rekindling or stirring up a fire, often used metaphorically to mean reviving or stimulating something that has become dull or dormant. It implies bringing something back to life or intensity, like fanning embers to produce a flame. It is a compound word formed from 'ανα' (again, up) and 'ζωπυρέω' (to kindle, to keep alive).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΝΕΟΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: Spirit, a spirit, wind, breath

Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (pneuma). It refers to spirit, breath, or wind. In theological contexts, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a human spirit, a demonic spirit, or simply the physical breath or a gust of wind. It is used to describe an invisible, powerful force or essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite, in front of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It signifies substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, indicating a replacement. It can also mean 'for' or 'in return for' something, implying an exchange. In some contexts, it can denote 'opposite' or 'in front of' a location or person.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is related to English 'and' and 'anti-'.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pays

Translations: you may say, you might say, you may speak, you might speak, you say, you speak

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to express a potential or hypothetical action of speaking or saying something, often in a context of possibility, desire, or command. It can be translated as 'you may say' or 'you might say', indicating a subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΗΣ, ΛΑΛΗΣ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΠΩ (eipo) is an aorist stem that serves as the aorist for the verb ΛΕΓΩ (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Its origin is ancient, tracing back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or declaring.

G3735

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-khoo-ROH-sen

Translations: he fortified, he strengthened, he made strong, he secured

Notes: This verb describes the action of making something strong, secure, or fortified. It is used to indicate that a person or entity has built defenses or strengthened a position, often in a military or protective context.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΙΣΧΥΣΕΝ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΧΥΡΟΩ (ochyroo) comes from the Greek adjective ΟΧΥΡΟΣ (ochyros), meaning 'strong' or 'firm'. It describes the process of making something strong or fortified.

G2945

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: KOO-kloh-then

Translations: around, round about, on every side, all around

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'around' or 'on every side'. It is used to describe something that encompasses or surrounds a central point or object, indicating a circular or encompassing direction or position. It can be used to describe people gathering around something, or a geographical area surrounding a place.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΩ, ΠΕΡΙΞ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'κύκλος' (kyklos), meaning 'circle' or 'ring', combined with the suffix '-θεν' (-then), which indicates origin or direction from a place.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-steh-len

Translations: he sent, he sent away, he dispatched

Notes: This word describes the action of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It implies a delegation of authority or a dispatching from one place to another. It is frequently used in the context of sending messengers, apostles, or even objects.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποστέλλω (apostellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'. Thus, it literally means 'to send away from'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EH-bal-en

Translations: he cast out, he threw out, he drove out, he sent out, he put out, he expelled, he brought forth, he took out

Notes: This word describes the action of casting, throwing, or driving something or someone out from a place or state. It can imply expulsion, removal, or even bringing something forth. It is often used in contexts of expelling demons, driving people out of a place, or even a tree bearing fruit.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΚΔΙΩΚΩ

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EM-ee-nen

Translations: remained, abode, stayed, continued, endured, waited

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating that someone or something remained, abode, stayed, or continued in a particular place or state. It can also imply enduring or waiting.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to remain' or 'to stand still'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G0521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EE-ren

Translations: departed, went away, took away, lifted up

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb αἴρω (airō, 'to lift, take up'). In its aorist form, it generally means 'he/she/it departed' or 'he/she/it took away'. It is used to describe movement away from a place or the act of removing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀπαίρω (apairō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift, take up, or remove'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G4425

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PTO-le-MAH-ee-doss

Translations: of Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais was an ancient city on the coast of Phoenicia, known today as Acre or Akko in modern-day Israel. It was a significant port city during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, often mentioned in historical and biblical texts. The name 'Ptolemais' was given to it by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, an Egyptian pharaoh, in the 3rd century BC.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The city was originally known as Akko. It was renamed Ptolemais by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, a king of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in ancient Egypt, in the 3rd century BC. The name 'Ptolemais' is derived from his name.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LAH-kay

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a guard, a place of confinement like a prison, or the act of guarding or keeping. It can also denote a watch or a period of time during which a watch is kept, such as a night watch. It is used to describe both the person who guards and the place or action of guarding.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

Etymology: From the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, or preserve'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0082

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-DEI-nois

Translations: to the fearless, to the terrible, to the dreadful, to the awe-inspiring, to the formidable

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'fearless,' 'terrible,' 'dreadful,' 'awe-inspiring,' or 'formidable.' It describes something or someone that inspires fear or awe, or is without fear. In this inflected form, it is used to indicate the indirect object of an action, referring to multiple entities.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΙΣ, ΔΕΙΝΟΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΔΕΙΝΟΣ' (adeinos) is derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' or 'without,' and 'δεινός' (deinos) meaning 'terrible' or 'fearful.' Thus, it literally means 'without fear' or 'not terrible,' leading to meanings like 'fearless' or 'awe-inspiring' (in the sense of not being easily intimidated).

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G3813

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEE-oo

Translations: of a child, of the child, of a boy, of the boy, of a young person

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of 'παιδίον' (paidion), meaning 'child' or 'young person'. It refers to a young child, whether a boy or a girl, and can also be used for a servant or slave. As a genitive case, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'the book of the child' or 'the child's book'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΝΗΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'παιδίον' (paidion) is a diminutive of 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child' or 'servant'. It comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂w- meaning 'few, small'.

G4613

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SEE-mohn

Translations: Simon, Simeon

Notes: This is a proper noun, a common male personal name in ancient times, particularly prominent in the New Testament. It refers to several individuals, most notably Simon Peter, one of Jesus's apostles. It is also the Greek form of the Hebrew name Simeon.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name is of Hebrew origin, derived from the verb 'shama' (שָׁמַע), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-AP-tin

Translations: to join, to connect, to engage, to engage in battle

Notes: This verb means to join together, to connect, or to engage. It is often used in the context of engaging in battle or conflict, signifying the act of coming together to fight. It can also refer to forming a connection or alliance.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek συνάπτω (sunáptō), from σύν (sýn, “with, together”) + ἅπτω (háptō, “to fasten, to join”).

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-FEI-len

Translations: he ought, he owed, he was obligated, he was indebted, he should have, he had to

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ὀφείλω' (opheilō). It signifies a past obligation, debt, or duty. It can mean 'he owed' in the sense of a financial debt, or 'he ought' or 'he should have' in the sense of a moral or necessary obligation. It describes an action or state that was due or required in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to concepts of debt and obligation, and is connected to the idea of 'owing' or 'being bound'.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-DEL-fos

Translations: brother, a brother, fellow believer, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers primarily to a male sibling, a brother. However, in a broader sense, it can also denote a fellow human being, a countryman, a kinsman, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is commonly used to address or refer to members of a community or group who share a common bond.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΚΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'together' and 'δελφύς' (delphys) meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb', referring to siblings.

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KON

Translations: royal, kingly, a royal thing, a royal palace, a royal court, a royal edict, a royal command, a royal decree, a royal law, a royal building

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'royal' or 'kingly'. It describes something belonging to, characteristic of, or associated with a king or royalty. When used as a substantive (like 'the royal thing'), it can refer to a royal palace, a royal court, a royal edict, or anything that is specifically royal in nature, depending on the context. It is derived from the word for 'king'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΙΚΟΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khen

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed, he contained, she contained, it contained

Notes: This is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. In Koine Greek, the imperfect tense describes continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Therefore, 'εἶχεν' can be translated as 'he/she/it had' (implying a state of possession in the past), 'he/she/it was having', 'he/she/it held', or 'he/she/it was holding'. It can also mean 'to contain' or 'to hold within'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G4912

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-AY-kho-men

Translations: we were constrained, we were held, we were pressed, we were afflicted, we were distressed, we were seized, we were hemmed in, we were shut up, we were held fast

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἔχω' (to have, to hold). It describes being held together, constrained, or pressed upon, often implying a state of being surrounded, afflicted, or distressed. It can refer to physical restraint or emotional/mental pressure.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G3676

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-may-rah

Translations: hostage, a hostage, hostages

Notes: This word refers to a person given or held as security for the fulfillment of an agreement or demand. It is commonly used in the context of treaties, truces, or military situations where individuals are held to ensure compliance or prevent hostile actions. It can be used in both singular and plural forms, referring to one or multiple hostages.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Etymology: The word "ΟΜΗΡΟΣ" (homēros) is derived from the Greek verb "ὁμηρέω" (homēreō), meaning "to meet, to agree, to be a hostage." It is related to "ὅμηρος" (homēros), meaning "pledge" or "security."

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-feh-THEIS

Translations: having been forgiven, having been released, having been sent away, having been permitted, having been left

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'aphiēmi', which means to send away, let go, forgive, permit, or leave. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being forgiven, released, sent away, or permitted. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates a completed action.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΘΕΙΣ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΗΘΕΙΣ

Etymology: From 'apo' (away from) and 'hiēmi' (to send). It literally means 'to send away from'.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TAH-tee-see

Translations: apostasy, defection, rebellion, revolt, desertion

Notes: This word refers to the act of abandoning one's religious, political, or moral principles, or a cause, party, or leader. It signifies a departure or falling away from a previously held belief or allegiance. It is typically used to describe a deliberate and significant break from an established system or faith.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΗ, ΑΠΟΚΛΙΣΗ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΗΣΗ is derived from the verb ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΕΩ (apostateo), meaning 'to revolt' or 'to stand away from', which itself comes from ΑΠΟ (apo, 'from') and ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histemi, 'to stand').

G0575

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, with, of, for, because of, after, since

Notes: This is a prefix or a preposition meaning 'from' or 'away from'. It indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is often used with the genitive case to show the source or origin of something, or the agent by whom something is done. It can also indicate a point in time 'from' which something occurs. When used as a prefix, it often intensifies the meaning of the verb or noun it is attached to, or indicates separation.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix or preposition).

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΑΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- (away, from).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fay-SOH-men

Translations: we will send away, we will let go, we will forgive, we will leave, we will permit, we will abandon

Notes: This word is the first person plural future active indicative form of the verb ἀφίημι (aphiēmi). It means 'we will send away,' 'we will let go,' 'we will forgive,' 'we will leave,' or 'we will permit.' Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a release, dismissal, or cessation of something. For example, it can be used in the sense of forgiving sins, leaving a place, or allowing something to happen.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') + ἵημι (hiēmi, 'to send'). It literally means 'to send away' or 'to let go from'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LOO-sin

Translations: they speak, they say, they talk, they declare

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It refers to the act of uttering words or making sounds, often implying a more informal or general act of speaking compared to 'λέγω' (legō), which can imply a more formal or deliberate statement. It is used to describe what a group of people are doing when they are speaking.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative or Subjunctive Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΥΣΙΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΙΝ, ΕΙΡΟΥΣΙΝ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G3379

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-po-teh

Translations: lest, perhaps, never, at any time, by no means

Notes: ΜΗΠΟΤΕ is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote). It is used to express a negative possibility, a fear that something might happen, or a rhetorical question implying a negative answer. Depending on the context, it can be translated as 'lest,' 'perhaps,' 'never,' or 'at any time.' It often introduces a clause expressing a feared outcome or a possibility that is being denied.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΗΠΩΣ, ΜΗ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not,' and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever.'

G2189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ekh-THRAN

Translations: enmity, hostility, hatred, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep-seated hostility, animosity, or hatred. It describes a condition of being an enemy or having a strong adversarial relationship. It is often used to describe the opposition between groups or individuals, or a general feeling of ill-will.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΧΘΡΑ (echthra) comes from the adjective ΕΧΘΡΟΣ (echthros), meaning 'hateful, hostile, enemy'. It is related to the concept of being an adversary.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1989

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-STEE-lah

Translations: I sent, I wrote, I sent a letter, I wrote a letter

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epistellō'. It means 'I sent' or 'I wrote', specifically in the context of sending a message or a letter. It describes a completed action in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΠΙΣΤΕΛΛΩ (epistellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'. Thus, it literally means 'to send to' or 'to send upon', specifically referring to sending a message or letter.

G694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on

Translations: silver, money, a silver, a money

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly, as silver coins or money. It is often used in contexts related to wealth, transactions, or payment. For example, it can refer to the price paid for something or the contents of a treasury.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word 'ἄργυρος' (argyros), meaning 'silver'. The suffix '-ιον' is a diminutive, but in this context, it often refers to a piece of silver or silver currency.

G1264

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ep-SEV-sah-toh

Translations: deceived, lied, disappointed, broke a promise

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ψεύδομαι (pseudomai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to deceive'. It means to thoroughly deceive, to lie completely, or to disappoint someone by breaking a promise. It describes an action where someone has been thoroughly misled or let down.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ

G863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-ken

Translations: he sent away, she sent away, it sent away, he let go, she let go, it let go, he forgave, she forgave, it forgave, he left, she left, it left, he permitted, she permitted, it permitted

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi, meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'). It means to send away, let go, release, forgive, or leave behind. It is used to describe an action completed in the past, often with a sense of finality or definitive action, such as releasing prisoners, forgiving sins, or leaving a place or person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀφίημι (aphiēmi) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. The combination signifies 'to send away' or 'to let go'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-then

Translations: he came, she came, it came, he went, she went, it went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he/she/it came' or 'he/she/it went'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes a completed action of movement in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΕΝ, ΕΒΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3925

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-em-bo-LEE

Translations: camp, an army, a barracks, a fortress, a castle, a camp of Israel, a military camp

Notes: This word refers to a military camp, an encampment, or an army itself. It can also denote a barracks, a fortress, or a castle, particularly in the context of a fortified place where soldiers reside. In the New Testament, it is often used to refer to the Roman barracks in Jerusalem or the camp of Israel in the wilderness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΟΝ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἐμβολή' (embolē), meaning 'an insertion' or 'a thrusting in'. Together, it refers to a place where something is thrown or placed alongside, hence an encampment or camp.

G0492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-par-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: he led past opposite, he led past in turn, he led past against

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'αντι' (against, opposite, in turn), 'παρα' (beside, past), and 'αγω' (to lead). It means to lead past in an opposing or reciprocal manner, or to lead past against someone or something. It describes an action of leading or bringing something by, but with an added nuance of opposition, exchange, or counter-movement. For example, it could be used to describe leading troops past an enemy position, or leading someone past another person in a specific sequence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΑΓΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΩ, ΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three Greek prepositions/verbs: 'αντι' (anti, meaning 'against' or 'opposite'), 'παρα' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'past'), and 'αγω' (ago, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). The combination creates a specific meaning of leading past in an opposing or reciprocal manner.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G2754

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-SPEV-don-tahs

Translations: hastening, rushing, pressing on, urging on, those who are hastening, those who are rushing, those who are pressing on, those who are urging on

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'κατασπεύδω'. It describes someone or something that is actively hastening, rushing, or pressing on. It can also imply urging someone else to hurry or to do something quickly. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, and can often be translated as 'the one who is hastening' or 'while hastening'. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down, against, according to) and 'σπεύδω' (to hasten, urge on).

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΣΠΕΥΔΩ, ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2047

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-REH-moo

Translations: of a desert, of a wilderness, of a desolate place, of a solitary place, a desert, a wilderness, a desolate place, a solitary place

Notes: This word refers to a desolate, uninhabited, or solitary place, often translated as 'desert' or 'wilderness'. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'desolate' or 'deserted'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'from the wilderness' or 'through the desert'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΕΡΗΜΟΣ

G2090

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-toy-MAH-sen

Translations: he prepared, he made ready

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to prepare' or 'to make ready'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a singular subject (he/she/it). It is used to indicate that something was made ready or put in order for a specific purpose or event.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἑτοιμάζω (hetoimazō) comes from the adjective ἕτοιμος (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'. It signifies the act of making something ready or putting it in a state of readiness.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G1046

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-lah-ah-DEI-tin

Translations: Gileadite, a Gileadite, (of) a Gileadite, (to) a Gileadite

Notes: This word refers to someone from Gilead, a region east of the Jordan River. It is used to describe a person or thing originating from or belonging to Gilead. The final apostrophe (keraia) indicates that this form is likely a numeral, specifically 14, but in this context, it is more probable that it represents an elision or a scribal abbreviation for the accusative feminine singular form of the adjective 'Gileadite'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: Derived from the Hebrew word 'Gilead' (גִּלְעָד), referring to the mountainous region east of the Jordan River. The Greek form adapts this geographical name.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1448

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ENG-ghee-sen

Translations: he approached, it approached, he drew near, it drew near, he came near, it came near

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'εγγίζω' (engizo), meaning 'to draw near' or 'to approach'. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone or something came close to another person or object. It is often used to describe physical proximity or the imminence of an event.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bas-KA-ma

Translations: sorcery, enchantment, evil eye, a spell, a charm

Notes: This word refers to sorcery, enchantment, or the evil eye. It describes a magical spell or charm, often with negative connotations, implying a malevolent influence or a curse. It would be used in contexts discussing magical practices or their effects.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΑΡΜΑΚΕΙΑ, ΓΟΗΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology of ΒΑΣΚΑΜΑ is uncertain, but it is related to the verb βασκαίνω (baskainō), meaning 'to bewitch' or 'to cast an evil eye upon'.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, she went away, it went away, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Therefore, 'ἀπῆλθεν' specifically means 'he/she/it went away' or 'he/she/it departed'. It describes movement from one place to another, indicating a departure or withdrawal.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-lah-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received, he got, she got, it got

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes a completed action in the past performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He took the book' or 'She received the gift.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G2290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thap-sen

Translations: he buried, she buried, it buried

Notes: ΕΘΑΨΕΝ is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΘΑΠΤΩ (THAPTO), meaning 'to bury'. This form indicates a completed action in the past, performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). It is commonly used to describe the act of interring a deceased person or object.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΑΦΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΠΤΩ (THAPTO) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to burial or covering.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: moh-DEIN

Translations: Modein

Notes: This word refers to Modein, an ancient town in Judea, famous as the home of the Maccabees. It is consistently used in the provided context to denote a specific geographical location, often in relation to burials or historical events.

Inflection: Singular, Locative (implied by 'en' + dative case, though the form itself is indeclinable for a place name)

Etymology: The name Modein is of Aramaic origin, likely meaning 'place of judgment' or 'place of assembly'. It is known from historical and biblical texts as a significant town in ancient Judea.

G2875

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KOP-sah-toh

Translations: he cut, he cut off, he mourned, he lamented, he beat, he struck

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'κοπτω' (koptō). It describes an action completed in the past. In the middle voice, the action is performed by the subject on themselves or for their own benefit. It can mean to cut, strike, or beat, but often in the middle voice, it refers to beating one's breast as a sign of mourning or lamentation.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G2870

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-PEH-ton

Translations: lamentation, mourning, wailing, a lamentation, a mourning, a wailing

Notes: This word refers to a loud expression of grief, often accompanied by beating the breast or head, or other outward signs of sorrow. It describes the act of lamenting or wailing, typically in a public or demonstrative manner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΟΣ, ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΟΔΥΡΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ is derived from the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike, beat, cut'. It refers to the act of beating one's breast or head as a sign of extreme grief.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-koh-DOH-may-sen

Translations: he built, he did build, he constructed, he did construct, he erected, he did erect, he rebuilt, he did rebuild

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (oikodomeō). It means 'he built' or 'he constructed'. It describes the action of building or erecting something, often a physical structure like a house or a wall, but it can also be used metaphorically for building up or edifying a person or community.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: XES-toh

Translations: sextarius, a sextarius, a measure, a polished stone, a polished vessel

Notes: This word refers to a Roman liquid or dry measure, equivalent to about a pint, often translated as 'sextarius'. It can also refer to a polished stone or a polished vessel, such as a cup or jug, due to its smooth, 'scraped' surface. Its meaning depends on the context, but it generally denotes a specific type of container or a unit of measurement.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΡΟΝ, ΑΓΓΕΙΟΝ, ΣΚΕΥΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek verb ξέω (xeō), meaning 'to scrape' or 'to polish', referring to something that has been scraped smooth or polished. It is related to the Latin 'sextarius', which was a common Roman measure.

G1726

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: em-PROS-then

Translations: before, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, (of) before, (of) in front of, (of) in the presence of

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb indicating position or direction, meaning 'before' or 'in front'. It can also be used as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to mean 'in front of' or 'in the presence of' someone or something. It denotes a spatial relationship, indicating that one thing is situated ahead of another, or a relational context, signifying being in the sight or presence of someone.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as an improper preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From the preposition 'en' (in) and 'prosthen' (before, from 'pros' - toward). It literally means 'in front' or 'in the forepart'.

G3694

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: OH-pis-then

Translations: behind, after, back, afterward, in the rear, from behind

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'after', indicating position or sequence. It can also be used as a preposition, typically taking the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' something or someone. It describes location or temporal succession.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb/preposition)

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΩ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the ancient Greek root 'ὄπισθεν' (opisthen), which is related to 'ὄπισω' (opisō), meaning 'backwards' or 'behind'. It indicates a position or direction to the rear.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-seh

Translations: he stood, he set, he appointed, he established, he caused to stand, he placed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, often with a sense of completion. It can mean to cause something to stand, to set up, to establish, to appoint, or to place someone or something in a particular position. Depending on the context, it can also mean to stand oneself or to stop.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: TITHĒMI, KATHISTĒMI, ALLOS

G2713

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: kah-teh-NAN-tee

Translations: opposite, before, in front of, over against, in the presence of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a preposition, indicating a position directly facing or opposite to something or someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. It describes being in the presence of, or confronting, another entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΑΠΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the adverb ΕΝΑΝΤΙ (enanti), meaning 'opposite' or 'before'.

G3181

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NEE-ma-ta

Translations: devices, machines, contrivances, inventions, engines, instruments, mechanisms, implements, stratagems, plots, schemes

Notes: This word refers to mechanical devices, tools, or instruments. It can also denote cunning plans, stratagems, or inventions, highlighting the ingenuity involved in their creation. It is used in the plural form.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΛΕΙΑ, ΟΡΓΑΝΑ, ΤΕΧΝΑΣΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It refers to a means, instrument, or contrivance.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-THEYS

Translations: putting around, placing around, surrounding, clothing, crowning, putting on, laying on

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. As a participle, it describes an action of putting or placing something around another object or person. It can refer to physically encircling, clothing, or even metaphorically bestowing something upon someone, such as a crown or honor.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΕΙΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-ga-LOOS

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great one, a large one, a mighty one

Notes: This word is an adjective used to describe something as great, large, or mighty. It can refer to physical size, importance, intensity, or power. It is the masculine plural accusative form of the adjective, meaning it would typically modify a masculine plural noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: null

G3833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pan-op-LEE-an

Translations: full armor, complete armor, a full set of armor

Notes: This word refers to a complete set of armor, including all defensive and offensive weapons. It is a compound word derived from 'πᾶν' (all) and 'ὅπλον' (weapon, armor), literally meaning 'all weapons' or 'full armament'. It is often used metaphorically to describe spiritual armor or complete preparedness.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΑ, ΠΑΝΤΕΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΝΟΠΛΙΑ is a compound of the Greek words πᾶν (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every', and ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor'. It refers to a complete set of military equipment.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on

Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual, an eternal thing, an everlasting thing

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age (αἰών), often implying endless duration or a specific period. It can refer to something that is without end, or something that belongs to a particular age or epoch. It is frequently used to describe the nature of God, life, or punishment, emphasizing their enduring quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G1457

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-ge-GLOO-me-na

Translations: engraved, carved, inscribed, a carved thing, an engraved thing

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ἐγγλύφω' (englyphō), meaning 'to engrave' or 'to carve'. It describes something that has been engraved or carved into a surface, often referring to inscriptions or images. It is used to denote the state of being permanently marked or etched.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΑ, ΚΕΧΑΡΑΓΜΕΝΑ

G2334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: theh-oh-ris-THAI

Translations: to be seen, to be beheld, to be observed, to be contemplated

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'theoreo'. It means 'to be seen' or 'to be observed'. It describes the action of being looked at or contemplated by someone, rather than actively looking oneself. It implies a state of being perceived or examined.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΕΣΘΑΙ, ΟΡΑΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'theoreo' comes from 'theoros' (a spectator) and 'thea' (a sight). It originally referred to looking at a spectacle or a public show, and later broadened to mean observing or contemplating.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3961

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-TON

Translations: treading, walking, trampling, one who treads, he who treads

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'πατέω' (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. It describes an ongoing action of treading or walking. It can function adjectivally, describing someone or something that is treading, or substantively, referring to 'the one who treads' or 'he who treads'. It is often used in contexts of walking on a path, or trampling something underfoot.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΩΝ, ΒΑΙΝΩΝ

G4126

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: PLEH-on-ton

Translations: of those sailing, of those traveling by sea, of those voyaging

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sail' or 'to travel by sea'. It describes an action being performed by a group of people. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, referring to 'those who are sailing' or 'those who are traveling by sea'. It functions like a noun in the genitive case, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΝΑΥΤΩΝ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *plew- 'to flow, to sail'. Cognate with Latin pluit ('it rains'), Old English flōwan ('to flow'), and English 'flow'.

G2281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tha-LAS-san

Translations: sea, a sea

Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the sea as a physical location or as a powerful natural force. In sentences, it often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating something done to or with the sea.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'thalassa' is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, likely borrowed into Greek from an earlier language spoken in the Aegean region. It is not derived from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khoo

Translations: of Antiochus

Notes: Antiochus is a common Greek proper name, particularly known for several Hellenistic kings of the Seleucid dynasty. As a proper noun, it refers to a specific individual. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Antiochus' or 'from Antiochus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Antiochus is of Greek origin, derived from the word 'antiochos' meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It was a popular name among the Seleucid kings.

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-oh-TEH-roo

Translations: of younger, of newer, of later, of a younger, of a newer, of a later

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the comparative adjective 'νεώτερος' (neōteros), meaning 'younger' or 'newer'. It is used to describe something that is more recent in time or less in age compared to something else. It can be used in contexts referring to a younger person or a more recent event or thing.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Comparative

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΝΕΑΝΙΑΣ, ΝΕΟΣ

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AHN-tee

Translations: instead of, in place of, for, in return for, opposite to, against, in exchange for, in comparison with

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, typically governing the genitive case, indicating substitution, opposition, or exchange. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' someone or something. It is also a very common prefix in compound words, conveying meanings such as 'against', 'opposite', 'in return for', or 'in place of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit ánti ('opposite, in front of').

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-theh-toh

Translations: put around, place around, put on, clothe oneself with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Thus, it means 'to put around' or 'to place around'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies putting something around oneself, such as clothing, ornaments, or a crown. It describes the action of encircling or adorning.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΦΟΡΕΩ

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-day-mah

Translations: diadem, a diadem, crown, a crown

Notes: A diadem is a type of crown, specifically a headband or fillet worn as a symbol of royalty or authority. It signifies sovereign power and is typically worn by kings, queens, or other rulers. It is often used in contexts describing the investiture or display of royal authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διάδημα (diádēma), from διαδέω (diadéō, “to bind around”), from διά (diá, “through, across”) + δέω (déō, “to bind”). It refers to something bound around the head.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-koh-DOH-may-seh

Translations: he built, she built, it built, he did build, she did build, it did build

Notes: This word describes the action of building, constructing, or edifying. It is used to indicate that a singular subject (he, she, or it) completed the action of building in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek words οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house', and δομέω (domeō), meaning 'to build'. It literally means 'to build a house'.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yp-see-LOYS

Translations: (to) high, (to) lofty, (to) exalted, (on) high places, (to) heights

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'high', 'lofty', or 'exalted'. It can refer to physical height, such as a high mountain or a high place, or to metaphorical elevation, such as a high status or an exalted position. When used substantively, especially in the dative plural as in this form, it often refers to 'high places' or 'heights', which in ancient contexts could be sites of worship or sacrifice.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΕΞΟΧΟΣ

G5098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEE-kheh-sin

Translations: to walls, for walls, by walls, with walls

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'ΤΕΙΧΟΣ' (teichos), meaning 'wall' or 'fortification'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means or instrument by which something is done, in relation to multiple walls. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'giving something to the walls' or 'by means of the walls'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΕΑ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΙΧΟΣ (teichos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to build' or 'to fix'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: meh-GAH-loys

Translations: to great, with great, by great, to large, with large, by large, to mighty, with mighty, by mighty

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great', 'large', or 'mighty'. It is used to describe the size, importance, or power of nouns. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', or 'by'. It can refer to both people and things.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΣ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, he put, he laid, he set, he appointed, he made, he established, he laid down, he laid up, he put for himself, he placed for himself, he laid for himself, he set for himself

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative middle voice of the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to put, place, lay, or set'. In the middle voice, the action is performed by the subject for their own benefit or with a particular interest in the outcome, or it can simply be a reflexive action. Therefore, it often translates as 'he/she/it put/placed/laid/set for himself/herself/itself' or 'he/she/it made/appointed for himself/herself/itself'. It can also mean 'to establish' or 'to lay down' (as in a law or a life).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place, set'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with many derivatives and compounds.

G1951

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-LEK-sen

Translations: he chose, he selected, he picked out

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to choose' or 'to select'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to gather'. In this context, the 'λέγω' component takes on the sense of 'to gather' or 'to pick out'. It is used to describe an action of making a choice or selection, often implying a deliberate or careful decision.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ

G0859

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AH-feh-sin

Translations: release, forgiveness, remission, pardon, liberty, a release, a forgiveness, a remission, a pardon, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to a sending away, a letting go, or a dismissal. In a legal or moral context, it signifies release from debt, punishment, or captivity, leading to forgiveness or pardon. It can also refer to freedom or liberty. It is often used in the context of the remission of sins or the release of prisoners.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΙΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΗΣΙΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G0520

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pah-GHY

Translations: to lead away, to carry away, to take away, to bring before, to bring to trial, to execute

Notes: This word describes the action of leading or carrying someone or something away from a place. It can imply taking someone into custody, bringing them before an authority for trial, or even leading them to execution. It is often used in legal or judicial contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and ἄγω (agō, "to lead, to bring").

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-thay

Translations: answered, replied

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. In its middle or passive voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to answer back' or 'to reply'. It is commonly used to describe someone giving a verbal response to a question or statement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Middle), 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. The combination suggests a 'separation by judgment' or 'a decision coming forth', which evolved into the meaning of 'to answer' or 'to reply'.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EG-rap-sen

Translations: he wrote, she wrote, it wrote

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to write'. It is in the past tense, indicating an action that was completed at a specific point in the past. It refers to the action of a single person or thing (he, she, or it) performing the writing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΦΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbh-, meaning 'to scratch, to carve'. It originally referred to scratching or carving marks, which evolved into the meaning of writing.

G1992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-is-toh-LEEN

Translations: letter, an epistle, a message

Notes: This word refers to a written communication, such as a letter or an epistle. It is often used in the context of official correspondence or messages sent between individuals or groups. It can also refer to a written message or command.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb ΕΠΙΣΤΕΛΛΩ (epistellō), meaning 'to send a message' or 'to send to'. It is formed from the prefix ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to dispatch'.

G4613

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-MOH-nee

Translations: (to) Simon

Notes: This is the dative singular form of the proper noun 'Simon'. Simon was a very common name in the ancient world, particularly among Jews, and is borne by several significant figures in the Bible, including Simon Peter, Simon the Zealot, and Simon of Cyrene. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to Simon' or 'for Simon'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Simon is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Shim'on (שִׁמְעוֹן), meaning 'he has heard' or 'hearing'. It was a very common name among Jews during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-e-REH-ee

Translations: high priest, a high priest, chief priest, a chief priest

Notes: This word refers to a high priest or chief priest. It is a compound word formed from ΑΡΧΗ (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and ΙΕΡΕΥΣ (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. In the provided examples, it appears in the nominative plural ('ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΙϹ' - high priests), dative singular ('ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΙ' - to the high priest), and nominative plural again ('ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΙϹ' - high priests). The form 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΙ' specifically is the dative singular, indicating 'to the high priest' or 'for the high priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REIN

Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.

G0939

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BAH-ee-neen

Translations: to go, to walk, to step, to come

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to walk'. The trailing apostrophe indicates a coronis, signifying an elision, meaning a letter (likely a final nu) has been dropped, often before a vowel. In this specific form, it is likely an infinitive or a participle that has undergone elision. The verb 'βαίνω' describes the act of moving from one place to another, often on foot, and can be used in various contexts to indicate movement, progression, or arrival.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive (or similar form with elision)

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G0649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-STEE-lah-teh

Translations: you sent, you have sent, you did send

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to send away', 'to dispatch', or 'to commission'. It implies sending someone or something from one place to another, often with a specific purpose or mission. It is frequently used in the context of sending apostles or messengers.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and στέλλω (stellō, 'to send, to prepare'). It literally means 'to send away from'.

G2865

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-KOH-mee-smeh-tha

Translations: we have received, we have obtained, we have carried, we have brought

Notes: This word is the first person plural perfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'κομίζω' (komizō). It means 'we have received' or 'we have obtained', emphasizing a completed action with a present result. In the middle voice, it often implies receiving something for oneself or having something brought to oneself. In the passive voice, it means 'we have been carried' or 'we have been brought'.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Perfect Tense, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΤΕΑΟΜΑΙ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ei-RAY-nayn

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can describe a cessation of conflict, a sense of well-being, or a harmonious relationship between individuals or groups. It is often used in contexts of spiritual or social peace.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē) is derived from the Greek verb εἴρω (eirō), meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together'. It originally conveyed the idea of a state of being joined together in unity and harmony, leading to the meaning of peace.

G5532

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHREH-ee-ohn

Translations: of needs, of necessities, of uses, of services, of duties, of business, of affairs, of requirements, of wants

Notes: This word refers to things that are needed or useful, such as necessities, requirements, or duties. It can also refer to the affairs or business one is involved in. In the provided examples, it appears to refer to 'needs' or 'affairs' in a financial or administrative context.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΩΝ, ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEI-nai

Translations: to let go, to send away, to forgive, to permit, to abandon, to leave, to release

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀφίημι' (aphiēmi). It is a compound verb formed from 'ἀπό' (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and 'ἵημι' (hiēmi, meaning 'to send' or 'to let go'). It is used to express actions like letting something go, sending someone away, forgiving sins, permitting an action, or abandoning a place or person. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a separation or release.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-TAY-sa-men

Translations: we stood, we set, we appointed, we caused to stand, we established

Notes: This word is the first person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi). It means 'we stood,' 'we set,' 'we appointed,' or 'we caused to stand.' The aorist tense indicates a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasis on its duration or repetition. It can be used to describe an action that happened at a specific point in time.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΝ, ΕΣΤΗΚΑΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἵστημι' (histēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stand.' It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings related to standing, placing, setting, and establishing.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ESS-tay-ken

Translations: stands, has stood, is standing, has been appointed, has been established

Notes: This is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek often describes a state resulting from a past action, so 'has stood' or 'is standing' are common translations. It can also mean 'to be appointed' or 'to be established'. It is used to describe something that is in a fixed or stable position, or a state that has been brought about and continues.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fee-EH-men

Translations: we forgive, we let go, we send away, we permit, we allow

Notes: This word is the first person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'aphiēmi'. It means 'we forgive', 'we let go', 'we send away', or 'we permit'. It describes an action being performed by 'we' (the speaker and others) in the present tense.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and ἵημι (hiēmi, "to send"). It literally means 'to send away from'.

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-FEI-le-teh

Translations: you ought, you should, you owe, you are indebted, you are bound

Notes: This verb signifies a moral or legal obligation, indicating that someone 'ought' to do something, 'should' do something, or 'owes' something. It can refer to a debt, a duty, or a moral imperative. In the provided context, it likely refers to something that is owed or due.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative Active

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: From a compound of the intensive prefix 'οφ-' (oph-) and 'ειλω' (eilō), meaning 'to coil, to press, to constrain'. The word thus conveys the sense of being bound or constrained by an obligation or debt.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, a different one, a different thing

Notes: This word refers to something that is distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or implied. It is used to introduce an additional item or person of the same kind, or to indicate a complete difference. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G5056

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-teh-loh-NEH-ee-toh

Translations: he was collecting taxes, he was acting as a tax collector, he was levying taxes

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'τελωνέω' (telōneō). It describes an ongoing action in the past, specifically that someone 'was collecting taxes' or 'was acting as a tax collector'. In the middle voice, it could imply that the action was done for oneself or by oneself, while in the passive voice, it would mean 'was being taxed' or 'was being collected'. Given the context of tax collection, the active or middle sense of 'collecting taxes' is more common.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΙΣΠΡΑΤΤΩ

G5056

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-loh-NEE-sthoh

Translations: let him be taxed, let him pay taxes, let him collect taxes

Notes: This word is a verb in the passive voice, indicating an action being performed upon the subject. It means 'to be taxed' or 'to have taxes collected from oneself'. In some contexts, the root verb can also mean 'to collect taxes' or 'to be a tax collector', so the passive form could also imply 'let him be a tax collector' or 'let him collect taxes'. It is used to command or permit someone to be involved with taxes, either by paying them or by having them collected from them.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΦΟΡΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΕΙΣΦΕΡΩ

G2038

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-TAY-dee-oy

Translations: fit, suitable, convenient, useful, necessary, proper, a fit person, a suitable person, a convenient person, a useful person, a necessary person, a proper person

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being fit, suitable, or convenient for a particular purpose or situation. It can refer to things that are useful or necessary, or to people who are appropriate or well-suited for a task.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΩΝ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb τηδέω (tēdeō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to be concerned with'. It implies being 'cared for' or 'attended to' in a way that makes something suitable or appropriate.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: grah-FEE-nai

Translations: to write, to be written, to record, to register

Notes: This is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'graphō', meaning 'to write'. It indicates an action of writing that is completed or viewed as a whole, and the subject of the action is being acted upon (passive voice). As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun and can be used in various grammatical constructions, often after verbs like 'to command' or 'to wish'. For example, 'he commanded to be written' or 'it is necessary to write'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

G1449

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-grah-FES-thoh-sah

Translations: let them be written, they must be written, they should be inscribed, let them be enrolled, they must be enrolled, they should be enrolled

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to write in,' 'to inscribe,' or 'to enroll.' It is used to command or instruct a group of people (they) to be written, inscribed, or enrolled. For example, it could be used in a decree or an instruction for records.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in,' and the verb 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write.' Thus, it literally means 'to write in' or 'to inscribe.'

G0303

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix

Sounds like: AH-nah

Translations: up, upward, among, through, each, by, again, back, a, an

Notes: ΑΝΑ is a versatile word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement upwards, distribution (each, by), or repetition (again, back). As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upwards'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys ideas of upward movement, reversal, repetition, or distribution.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΚΑΤΑ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂en- 'on, upon'. It is cognate with English 'on' and 'up'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: i-RAY-nay

Translations: peace, a peace, tranquility, harmony, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can denote the absence of conflict, a sense of well-being, or even prosperity. It is often used in greetings or farewells, wishing someone well, and can refer to both internal peace and external societal peace.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement.

G1542

Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral

Sounds like: heh-kah-TOS-too

Translations: of the hundredth, hundredth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral adjective meaning 'hundredth'. It is used to indicate a position in a sequence, such as 'the hundredth year' or 'the hundredth day'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case to specify a particular year, as in 'of the hundredth year'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From the Greek word ἑκατόν (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred'. The suffix -στου indicates an ordinal number.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-thay

Translations: was lifted up, was taken away, was carried, was exalted

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift, take up, or carry away'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past, and the subject of the verb is the one being acted upon (i.e., being lifted or taken away). It can describe something being physically lifted, or metaphorically exalted or removed.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΒΗ, ΥΨΩΘΗ, ΕΞΗΡΘΗ

G2218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: zoo-GOS

Translations: yoke, a yoke, balance, a balance, pair, a pair, scales, a scales

Notes: This word refers to a wooden bar or frame by which two draft animals (like oxen) are joined at the neck for working together. Metaphorically, it can represent a burden, servitude, or submission. It can also refer to a balance or scales used for weighing, or a pair of things. It is used to describe both literal objects and abstract concepts of control or measurement.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ, ΒΑΡΟΣ, ΣΤΑΘΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *yugom, meaning 'yoke'. It is related to English 'yoke' and Latin 'iugum'.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xah-toh

Translations: began, started, commenced

Notes: This is the aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai' (to begin). It signifies an action that began in the past, often used to introduce the start of an event or a series of actions. It can also mean 'to rule' or 'to be first', but in this form, it almost exclusively means 'to begin'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'archē' (ἀρχή), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule'.

G4850

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-grah-FAIS

Translations: (to) writings, (to) documents, (to) contracts, (to) records

Notes: This word refers to writings, documents, or contracts. It is a compound word formed from the preposition "σύν" (syn), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb "γράφω" (graphō), meaning "to write." Thus, it literally means "things written together" or "compiled writings." It is used to denote official or compiled written works, such as records, agreements, or literary compositions.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΑΙΣ, ΒΙΒΛΟΙΣ, ΧΑΡΤΑΙΣ

Etymology: The word συγγραφή (syngraphē) is derived from the verb συγγράφω (syngraphō), which combines σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and γράφω (graphō, meaning 'to write'). It refers to the act or product of writing something together or compiling it.

G4833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-nal-LAG-ma-sin

Translations: transactions, contracts, agreements, dealings

Notes: This word refers to commercial or legal transactions, contracts, or agreements. It describes the act of exchanging goods, services, or promises, often in a formal or binding manner. It is typically used in contexts involving business, legal matters, or formal dealings between parties.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΑΙ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑΙ, ΔΙΑΘΗΚΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΑΛΛΑΓΜΑ (synallagma) is derived from the verb συναλλάσσω (synallassō), meaning "to exchange, to reconcile," which is itself formed from σύν (syn, "with, together") and ἀλλάσσω (allassō, "to change, to exchange"). Thus, it literally refers to things exchanged or agreed upon together.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs

Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, especially the head of the Jewish priesthood. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Jewish high priest or members of the high-priestly family. It is used to denote authority and leadership within the religious hierarchy.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ' is a compound of 'ΑΡΧΗ' (arche), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah-LOO

Translations: (of) great, (of) a great, (to) great, (to) a great, great things

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'great,' 'large,' 'big,' or 'mighty.' It is used to describe something of significant size, importance, or intensity. It can refer to physical size, but also to status, power, or quantity. For example, it might describe a great king, a large city, or a great amount of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOO

Translations: of a commander, of a general, of a governor, of a captain, of a chief magistrate

Notes: This word refers to a military commander, general, or a civil governor or chief magistrate. In ancient Greek city-states, a strategos was an elected official responsible for military affairs, often holding significant political power. It can also refer to a captain or chief officer in a broader sense.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound word derived from ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ (STRATOS), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

G2233

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hay-goo-MEH-noo

Translations: of a leader, of a ruler, of a chief, of a governor, of one who leads, of one who guides, of one who considers

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hegeomai', meaning 'to lead' or 'to rule'. As a genitive singular form, it typically describes something belonging to or associated with a leader, ruler, or guide. It can also refer to the act of leading or considering. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating possession or relationship to a person in authority or someone performing an act of leadership or consideration.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΟΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nais

Translations: (to) those, (to) those ones, (to) those women

Notes: This word is the dative, plural, feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ' (ekeinos), meaning 'that' or 'that one'. As a dative form, it indicates the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It refers to things or people that are distant or distinct from the speaker and listener, specifically feminine plural entities.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G3846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ren-E-bal-len

Translations: he was encamping, he was pitching camp, he was deploying, he was setting up, he was drawing up

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παραβάλλω' (paraballō), meaning 'to throw beside, to compare, to risk'. With the additional prefix 'ἐν' (en), it forms 'παρενβάλλω' (parenballō), which specifically means 'to encamp, to pitch a camp, to deploy troops'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was in the process of setting up a military camp or deploying forces.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΕΥΩ

G1047

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zan

Translations: Gaza, a treasure, treasure

Notes: This word can refer to two distinct things: the city of Gaza, a significant city in ancient Philistia, or a store of wealth, a treasury, or treasure itself. When referring to the city, it is a proper noun. When referring to treasure, it is a common noun. Its meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'Γάζα' (Gaza) as a proper noun for the city is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning 'strong' or 'fortress'. As a common noun meaning 'treasure', it is believed to be of Persian origin, referring to the royal treasury.

G2944

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koo-KLO-sen

Translations: he encircled, she encircled, it encircled, he surrounded, she surrounded, it surrounded

Notes: This word describes the action of encircling or surrounding something or someone. It is used to indicate that a person or group has formed a circle around an object or individual, often with the intent to enclose or besiege.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΚΛΟΩ derives from the Greek noun ΚΥΚΛΟΣ (kyklos), meaning 'circle' or 'ring'. It describes the action of forming or moving in a circle.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-leh-OH-po-lin

Translations: oil-city, a city of oil, a city of olives, a city of mercy, a city of pity

Notes: This is a compound noun, likely formed from 'ἔλαιον' (elaion, meaning 'oil' or 'olive oil') or 'ἔλεος' (eleos, meaning 'mercy' or 'pity') and 'πόλις' (polis, meaning 'city'). Given the context of ancient economies, 'oil-city' or 'city of olives' is a very plausible interpretation, referring to a city known for its olive oil production. The alternative 'city of mercy' or 'city of pity' is less common for a place name but grammatically possible. It would be used to refer to a city, often as a proper noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΕΛΑΙΟΝ (ELAION), meaning 'oil' or 'olive oil', or ΕΛΕΟΣ (ELEOS), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity', and ΠΟΛΙΣ (POLIS), meaning 'city'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: brought to, led to, presented, offered, brought near, led near

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). In its aorist active indicative third person singular form, it means 'he/she/it brought to' or 'he/she/it led to'. It describes the action of bringing someone or something into the presence of another, or moving something closer to a specific point.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-beh-toh

Translations: he seized, he took possession of, he captured, he apprehended, he overtook, he understood

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It means to seize, take possession of, capture, or apprehend. In some contexts, it can also mean to overtake or to understand fully. It describes an action of taking hold of something or someone, often with force or determination.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-leh-OH-po-lee

Translations: city of mercy, a city of mercy, (to) a city of mercy, (to) the city of mercy

Notes: This is a compound noun, likely meaning 'city of mercy' or 'city of pity'. It is formed from ἔλεος (eleos, 'mercy' or 'pity') and πόλις (polis, 'city'). It refers to a city that is characterized by or associated with mercy. In the provided context, it seems to refer to a specific type of siege work or a designated area during a siege, possibly a 'city of siege' or 'siege-city' in a metaphorical sense, implying a place where mercy might be sought or given, or perhaps a place of refuge. However, the primary meaning derived from its components is 'city of mercy'. It is not a standard classical Greek term, suggesting it might be a specific or specialized term within the context of the text.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: This is a compound word formed from the Koine Greek words ἔλεος (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity', and πόλις (polis), meaning 'city'. It is a descriptive term rather than a common proper noun.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee-sahn

Translations: they went up, they ascended, they climbed

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist indicative form of the verb 'ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ', meaning 'to go up', 'to ascend', or 'to climb'. It describes an action of moving upwards, often in the context of physical elevation, such as going up a mountain, a building, or to a city like Jerusalem, which was considered geographically higher. It can also be used metaphorically for rising in status or appearing.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G1284

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-er-RAY-kho-tes

Translations: having torn, having burst, having broken

Notes: This word describes the action of tearing, bursting, or breaking something apart. It is often used in the context of tearing clothes as a sign of grief, distress, or indignation, which was a common practice in ancient cultures. It implies a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΧΙΖΩ, ΛΥΩ

Etymology: From διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'. The compound verb emphasizes the action of tearing or breaking completely apart.

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ax-ee-OON-tes

Translations: deeming worthy, thinking worthy, demanding, asking, those deeming worthy, those thinking worthy, those demanding, those asking

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΑΞΙΟΩ' (axioo). It describes an action of considering someone or something worthy, or of demanding/asking for something as if it were due. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb, often indicating the manner or circumstance of an action. For example, it could describe 'those who are deeming worthy' or 'while deeming worthy'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΖΗΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-as

Translations: one's own, his own, her own, its own, their own, private, peculiar

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It is used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic belonging to the subject. It can refer to something belonging to an individual or a group, distinguishing it from what is common or public. For example, it might be used to describe 'one's own house' or 'their own people'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'ἴδιος' (idios) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'self' or 'apart'. It is related to the Latin 'proprius' (one's own).

G1188

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: de-ksee-AS

Translations: (of) the right, (of) the right hand, (of) the right side, (of) a pledge, (of) an agreement

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or the noun 'δεξιά' (dexia), meaning 'right hand' or 'right side'. It can also refer to a pledge or agreement, often symbolized by the giving of the right hand. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'right hand' or 'right side' (as in 'cup of the right hand of the Lord') and also in the sense of 'pledges' or 'agreements' (as in 'giving pledges').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is a third-person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying that occurred in the past and is viewed as a completed event. It is used to report what a group of people said.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λέγω' (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather', which evolved to mean 'to pick out, count, tell, say' in Greek.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-say

Translations: use, make use of, treat, deal with, consult, need, have need of, be in need of

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to use' or 'to make use of'. It can also mean 'to treat' or 'to deal with' someone or something. In some contexts, it can convey the sense of 'to need' or 'to have need of'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or needed, or how someone is being treated.

Inflection: Second Aorist, Middle Voice, Subjunctive, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: This word comes from the root verb χράω (chraō), which means 'to furnish what is needful', 'to use', or 'to consult'. Its ultimate origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, pity, compassion, a mercy

Notes: This word refers to mercy, pity, or compassion, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by one who has the power to help to one who is in need. It signifies an active demonstration of compassion, not just a feeling. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ

Etymology: The etymology of 'ΕΛΕΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be an ancient word with no clear connection to other Greek roots. It has been used since Homeric times.

G4905

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-LOO-thay

Translations: came together, assembled, gathered, met

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (ERCHOMAI), meaning "to come" or "to go." Therefore, it means "to come together," "to assemble," or "to meet." It is used to describe a group of people gathering in one place.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning "with" or "together," and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (ERCHOMAI), meaning "to come" or "to go." It has been in use since ancient Greek times to denote the act of gathering or assembling.

G3614

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-kee-AS

Translations: (of) house, (of) home, (of) household, (of) family

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also extend to mean a household or a family, encompassing the people living within the house. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, similar to 'of a house' or 'belonging to a household'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling'. It refers to a physical dwelling or a family unit.

G1497

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-DOH-lah

Translations: idols, images, false gods

Notes: This word is the plural form of 'eidolon', referring to images, statues, or representations of deities, often those worshipped by pagans. It is commonly used in a religious context to denote objects of worship other than the true God, thus implying false gods or vain things. In ancient Greek thought, it could also refer to a phantom or a mere appearance.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΜΑΤΑ, ΞΟΑΝΑ

Etymology: The word 'eidolon' comes from 'eidos', meaning 'form' or 'shape'. It originally referred to a likeness or image, but in a religious context, it came to signify an object of worship, particularly a pagan deity or a representation thereof.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: he entered, she entered, it entered, went in, came in

Notes: This word describes the action of entering or coming into a place. It is often used to indicate movement from an outside location to an inside one, or to signify the beginning of a state or condition. It is a compound word formed from 'EIS' (into) and 'ERCHOMAI' (to come/go).

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to movement.

G2127

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-loh-GOHN

Translations: blessing, praising, speaking well of, giving thanks, to bless, to praise, to speak well of, to give thanks

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'eulogeō'. It describes an ongoing action of blessing, praising, or speaking well of someone or something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or verbally, describing an action being performed by the subject. In a religious context, it often refers to blessing God or giving thanks to Him.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word 'eulogeō' is a compound of 'eu' (meaning 'good' or 'well') and 'logos' (meaning 'word' or 'speech'). Thus, it literally means 'to speak well of' or 'to say good words'.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G2730

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-toh-KAY-sen

Translations: he dwelt, he inhabited, he settled, he lived

Notes: This word means 'to dwell', 'to inhabit', 'to settle', or 'to live in a place'. It describes the act of residing in a specific location, often with a sense of permanence or establishment. It is used to indicate that someone took up residence or made their home somewhere.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΕΩ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and οἰκέω (oikeō, 'to dwell, inhabit'). The prefix κατά intensifies the meaning of dwelling, suggesting a settled or permanent residence.

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-soh-see

Translations: they may do, they may make, they may create, they may perform, they may produce

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to do', 'to make', 'to create', or 'to perform'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek with a broad range of applications, often used to describe actions, accomplishments, or the bringing about of something. In this form, it indicates a potential or hypothetical action by a group of people.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-okh-yoo-ROH-sen

Translations: fortified, strengthened, made strong, made secure

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to, toward, in addition to') and the verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo, meaning 'to fortify, strengthen'). It means to fortify or strengthen something, often in a defensive or protective sense. It describes the action of making a place or object more secure and resilient.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΟΩ, ΕΝΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word προσοχυρόω (prosochyroo) is a compound of πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and ὀχυρόω (ochyroo), meaning 'to fortify, strengthen'. The verb ὀχυρόω itself derives from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'firm, strong, secure', which comes from ὄχος (ochos), meaning 'a support, a hold'.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oh

Translations: to justify, to make righteous, to declare righteous, to acquit, to set free

Notes: This verb means to declare someone righteous, to acquit them, or to make them righteous. It is often used in a legal or theological context, implying a declaration of innocence or a state of moral uprightness. It can also mean to set free or release from an obligation.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'δίκαιος' (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. The verb form means to render or declare someone to be in that state.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3613

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-KAY-sin

Translations: dwelling, a dwelling, habitation, a habitation, abode, an abode, house, a house

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to a place where one lives or resides. It can denote a dwelling, a habitation, or an abode, emphasizing the physical structure or space used for living. It is used to describe a permanent or temporary residence.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ (oikēsis) derives from the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which itself comes from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Numeral

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, a, one, fourteen

Notes: This word is primarily a preposition meaning 'in' or 'on', indicating location, time, or means. It can also function as an adverb. The final apostrophe (coronis) indicates an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of the preposition ΕΝ. However, the apostrophe (keraia) can also indicate a numeral, in which case ΕΝ' would represent the number 14. Given the context of ancient manuscripts without diacritics, it's important to consider both possibilities. The most common usage is as the preposition 'in'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or adverb). As a numeral, it represents the number 14.

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΣΥΝ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very common and ancient preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G2425

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-kah-NOY

Translations: sufficient, enough, able, competent, worthy, many, considerable

Notes: This word describes something as being sufficient, adequate, or enough for a particular purpose or task. It can also refer to a considerable number or amount of something, or to people who are capable or competent. It is often used to indicate that someone or something meets a required standard or quantity.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ, ΕΞΑΡΚΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἱκάνω (hikanō), meaning 'to reach, arrive, suffice'. It is related to ἵκω (hikō), 'to come, arrive'.

G3079

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ly-MOH

Translations: meadow, a meadow, pasture, a pasture

Notes: This word refers to a meadow or a pasture, a grassy field where animals might graze. It is typically used to describe an open, green area. While the provided examples show it as part of proper names, its core meaning is a natural, open field.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΗ, ΒΟΣΚΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΛΕΙΜΩΝ' (leimon) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'λειβω' (leibo), meaning 'to pour', perhaps referring to a well-watered place.

G1564

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-KAY-then

Translations: from there, thence, from that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating movement or origin from a specific place or point in time. It can be used to describe someone or something coming from a particular location, or an event happening subsequently from a previous point in time. For example, 'he went from there' or 'from that point, he did X'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙ, ΕΝΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ is derived from the demonstrative adverb ΕΚΕΙ (there) and the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or movement from a place. It signifies 'from that place'.

G3394

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-AS-mah-tohn

Translations: of defilements, of pollutions, of stains

Notes: This word refers to defilement, pollution, or a stain, often in a moral or ritual sense. It describes something that makes a person or thing unclean or impure. It is typically used to denote the result of an act that renders something ceremonially or morally impure.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΣΜΟΣ, ΚΗΛΙΣ, ΡΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΑΣΜΑ (miasma) comes from the Greek verb μιαίνω (miainō), meaning 'to stain, to defile, to pollute'. It refers to the act or result of defiling.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-thon

Translations: I entered, they entered, I came in, they came in, I went in, they went in

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἰσέρχομαι' (eiserchomai), meaning 'to enter' or 'to come/go in'. It describes an action of entering that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration. It is often used to describe physical entry into a place, but can also refer to entering into a state or condition.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G3129, G951

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: mah-kah-BAH-yoh (for Maccabaeus); beh-bah-YOH-sis (for bebaiosis)

Translations: Maccabaeus, to Maccabaeus, of Maccabaeus, confirmation, assurance, a confirmation, an assurance

Notes: This word is a homograph, meaning it can represent different words depending on the original diacritics. It can be an inflected form of the proper noun 'Maccabaeus' (Μακκαβαῖος), referring to a member of the Maccabee family, often Judas Maccabaeus. In this context, it would be a dative or genitive singular, meaning 'to Maccabaeus' or 'of Maccabaeus'. Alternatively, it can be an inflected form of the noun 'bebaiosis' (βεβαίωσις), which means 'confirmation' or 'assurance'. This noun describes the act of making something firm, certain, or valid.

Inflection: Singular, Dative or Genitive (for Maccabaeus); Singular, Nominative or Accusative (for bebaiosis)

Synonyms: ΙΟΥΔΑΣ, ΕΠΙΒΕΒΑΙΩΣΙΣ

G2950

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOOM-bah-loys

Translations: cymbals, to cymbals, with cymbals

Notes: This word refers to cymbals, which are percussion instruments consisting of concave metal plates that are struck together to produce a ringing sound. In ancient contexts, they were often used in religious ceremonies, celebrations, and musical performances. The form 'ΚΥΜΒΑΛΟΙΣ' indicates that it is in the dative case, often used to show the instrument by which an action is performed (e.g., 'with cymbals').

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΚΥΜΒΑΛΟΝ (kymbalon) comes from the Greek word κύμβος (kymbos), meaning 'hollow' or 'cavity', referring to the hollow shape of the instrument.

G4937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-TREE-bee

Translations: was broken, was crushed, was shattered, was bruised

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be broken,' 'to be crushed,' or 'to be shattered.' It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'συντρίβω' (syntribō), indicating an action that was completed in the past and was done to the subject. It can be used to describe physical breaking or crushing, or metaphorically, such as being broken in spirit.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΛΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G2190

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: EKH-thros

Translations: enemy, an enemy, hostile, a foe, foe

Notes: This word refers to an enemy or an adversary. It can be used as a noun to describe a person who is hostile or an opponent, or as an adjective to describe something as hostile or hateful. It is often used in a general sense to refer to anyone who is opposed to someone or something.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ

Etymology: From a primary word (meaning hate); properly, hateful (passively, odious, or actively, hostile); usually as a noun, an adversary.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-sen

Translations: he stood, he set, he appointed, he established, he made to stand, he caused to stand, he placed, he put, he presented

Notes: This is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi). It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point. It can mean 'he stood' or 'he caused to stand,' 'he set,' 'he appointed,' or 'he established,' depending on the context. It is often used to describe setting something up, establishing a person in a position, or causing someone or something to stand.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AH-geen

Translations: to lead, to bring, to carry, to go, to drive, to observe, to celebrate

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'agō'. It means 'to lead', 'to bring', or 'to carry'. It can also mean 'to go' or 'to drive'. In some contexts, it can refer to observing or celebrating a festival. It is used to express the action of leading or bringing something or someone.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΛΚΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- meaning 'to drive, pull, move'.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-okh-yoo-ROH-sen

Translations: he fortified, he strengthened, he made secure

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to fortify' or 'to strengthen' something, often with the implication of making it very secure or impregnable. It describes the action of building up defenses or making something firm and safe. It is formed from the prefix 'προς-' (pros-), meaning 'to' or 'in addition', and the verb 'ὀχυρόω' (ochyroo), meaning 'to fortify' or 'to make strong'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΧΥΡΟΩ, ΕΝΙΣΧΥΩ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition', and the verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo), meaning 'to make strong, fortify'. The verb ὀχυρόω itself comes from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'strong, firm, secure'.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-neen

Translations: John

Notes: This is the name 'John', a very common proper noun in the Koine Greek New Testament and other ancient texts. It refers to several significant figures, most notably John the Baptist, John the Apostle (son of Zebedee), and John Mark. It is used to identify these individuals in various narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name among Jews in the Second Temple period and was transliterated into Greek.

G2233

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: hay-goo-MEH-non

Translations: leading, ruling, governing, a leader, a ruler, a governor, a chief, a commander, a guide

Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ' (hegeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. As a participle, it can function as an adjective, describing someone or something that is leading, or as a noun, referring to 'a leader' or 'a ruler'. It denotes someone in a position of authority or guidance, often implying a person who goes before others or directs them.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΣ

G1048

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-ZAH-roys

Translations: to Gazara, for Gazara, to the Gazarenes, for the Gazarenes

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Gazara, a city in ancient Judea, or to the city itself. It is used in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or a relationship of benefit or possession. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'he went to Gazara' or 'he gave gifts to the Gazarenes'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Gazara' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from a Hebrew or Aramaic term meaning 'cut off' or 'separated place', referring to its geographical location.

G1048