2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2718

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TEEL-thon

Translations: I came down, I went down, they came down, they went down

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative form of the verb 'κατέρχομαι' (katerchomai), meaning 'to come down' or 'to go down'. It describes an action of descending or arriving at a lower place, completed in the past. It can refer to a single person (first person singular) or multiple people (third person plural) performing the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΒΗΝ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DOH-thee

Translations: was given back, was restored, was paid back, was rendered, was delivered

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἀπό (apo, 'from, back') and δίδωμι (didōmi, 'to give'). It means 'to give back,' 'to restore,' 'to pay back,' or 'to render.' In the provided context, it signifies something being returned or restored to someone, often implying a rightful return or a payment being made. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is receiving the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pen-tay-kos-TEE

Translations: Pentecost, a Pentecost, fiftieth

Notes: This word refers to the fiftieth day, specifically the Jewish Feast of Weeks, which occurred fifty days after Passover. It is also known as Pentecost in Christian tradition, commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit. It is used to denote this specific festival.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From the Greek word 'πεντήκοντα' (pentēkonta), meaning 'fifty'. The suffix '-στη' indicates an ordinal number, making it 'fiftieth'.

G1858

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TEE

Translations: feast, a feast, festival, a festival, holiday, a holiday

Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or holiday, a time of celebration and special observance. It is often used in the context of Jewish or Christian religious feasts. It can be used to denote the specific day of a festival or the entire period of celebration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though it can appear in other cases and numbers depending on context, e.g., Genitive as in ΕΟΡΤΗΣ)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΟΡΤΗ comes from an older Greek word, perhaps related to a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to celebrate'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to public festivals or holidays.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-GEE-ah

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy one, a holy thing

Notes: This word means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe people, places, or things that are set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. It can also refer to a holy person or thing as a noun. It is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'ΑΓΙΟΣ' (hagios).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΙΑ' comes from the root 'ΑΓΙΟΣ', which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which is set apart or consecrated.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay

Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G0712

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-RIS-ton

Translations: breakfast, dinner, a breakfast, a dinner, best, excellent

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'breakfast' or 'dinner', referring to the first or main meal of the day. It can also be an adjective meaning 'best' or 'most excellent'. As a noun, it is often used in the neuter form to refer to 'the best thing' or 'the meal'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΠΝΟΝ, ΠΡΩΙΝΟΝ

Etymology: From the root ἀρετή (aretē), meaning 'excellence' or 'virtue'. It originally referred to the best or most excellent, and later came to denote the best meal.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2300

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-theh-AH-sah-mehn

Translations: I saw, I beheld, I gazed, I looked at, I observed

Notes: This is a verb that means to gaze, behold, or observe with attention. It implies a deliberate and often prolonged act of looking, often at something remarkable or significant. It is used to describe the act of seeing or witnessing something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Etymology: The word θεάομαι (theaomai) comes from the Greek noun θέα (thea), meaning 'a sight' or 'a spectacle'. It is related to the concept of viewing or observing something.

G3795

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-sah

Translations: foods, dishes, viands, provisions, meat

Notes: This word refers to prepared food, especially cooked dishes or provisions, often implying something savory or a delicacy, as opposed to basic staples like bread. It is used in the plural form to denote multiple items of food or a meal.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΡΩΜΑΤΑ, ΣΙΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ὄψον (opson) is derived from the verb ὀψάω (opsaō), meaning 'to cook' or 'to prepare food'. It originally referred to anything eaten with bread, especially cooked provisions.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-REES

Translations: you will find, you may find, you shall find

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'εὑρίσκω' (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. 'ΕΥΡΗΣ' specifically is the second person singular future active indicative or subjunctive form. It indicates an action of finding that will occur in the future, often translated as 'you will find' or 'you may find'. It is used when referring to a single person finding something.

Inflection: Singular, Second Person, Future, Active, Indicative or Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mem-NEE-tai

Translations: he remembers, she remembers, it remembers, he has remembered, she has remembered, it has remembered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to remember' or 'to call to mind'. It is often used to indicate an ongoing state of remembering or a completed action with continuing results. It can be used with a genitive object (e.g., 'he remembers of the Lord') or an accusative object (e.g., 'he remembers every sorrow').

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-re-TE-thay

Translations: was set before, was placed before, was laid before, was presented, was offered

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'παρατίθημι' (paratithēmi). It means 'it was set before' or 'it was placed before'. It is often used in contexts where food or objects are presented to someone, or when something is entrusted or committed to someone's care. As a passive voice, the subject is the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: trah-PEH-zah

Translations: table, a table, bank, a bank, money changer's table, a money changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often used for eating, but also for conducting business, such as exchanging money. In the context of a temple, it could refer to a table used for offerings or sacred purposes. It can also refer to a bank or a money changer's stall, as these activities were conducted on tables.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τράπεζα (trápeza, “table”), a compound of τετράς (tetrás, “four”) and πέζα (péza, “foot, edge”). It originally referred to a table with four feet.

G3795

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: op-SAH-ree-ah

Translations: fish, a fish, (of) fish

Notes: This word refers to fish, especially as food or a dish of fish. It is often used in the plural to denote a quantity of fish. It is a diminutive of ὄψον (opson), which means 'anything eaten with bread', often referring to fish.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΙΧΘΥΣ, ΟΨΟΝ

Etymology: From ὄψον (opson), meaning 'anything eaten with bread', especially fish, with the diminutive suffix -άριον. The word ὄψον itself is derived from ὀψέω (opseō), meaning 'to cook' or 'to prepare food'.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah

Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: toh-BEY-ah

Translations: Tobiah, Tobias

Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a transliteration of the Hebrew name 'Tobiah' or 'Tobias'. It refers to a male individual. In the provided context, it appears to be used as a name for a person, as seen in phrases like 'sons of Tobiah' or 'Tobiah said'. It is a common name found in various ancient texts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Hebrew name 'Toviyah' (טוֹבִיָּה), meaning 'Yahweh is good' or 'my good is Yahweh'. It is derived from the Hebrew root 'tov' (good) and a shortened form of the divine name Yahweh.

G3813

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEE-on

Translations: child, a child, infant, an infant, little child, a little child

Notes: This word refers to a young child or an infant. It is a diminutive form of the word 'παῖς' (pais), meaning 'child' or 'servant', emphasizing the smallness or tenderness of the child. It can be used generally to refer to any young person, often implying innocence or youth.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΒΡΕΦΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'παιδίον' (paidíon), a diminutive of 'παῖς' (paîs, “child, boy, servant”).

G0916

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-DEE-zeh

Translations: Go!, Walk!, Depart!

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to walk,' 'to go,' or 'to depart.' It is often used as a command or instruction, telling someone to move from one place to another. It can also describe the act of walking or traveling.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΔΙΖΩ is derived from the root ΒΑΔ- (bad-), which is related to the idea of stepping or walking. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G4434

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PTO-khon

Translations: poor, a poor person, beggar, a beggar, destitute, needy

Notes: This word describes someone who is poor, needy, or destitute. It often implies a state of extreme poverty, where one is reduced to crouching or cowering, often relying on begging. It can be used to describe a person who is financially impoverished, but also someone who is spiritually poor or humble. In a sentence, it would modify a noun or function as a noun itself, meaning 'a poor person' or 'the poor one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΗΣ, ΕΝΔΕΗΣ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4357

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-MEH-noh

Translations: remain, abide, continue, persevere, wait for, cleave to

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain, abide'. It signifies to remain with someone or something, to continue in a state or place, to persevere, or to wait for someone or something. It can be used to describe physical presence or a steadfast commitment.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, with', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain, abide'. It literally means 'to remain toward' or 'to remain with'.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G4496

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-rip-tai

Translations: has been thrown, has been cast, has been hurled, has been laid

Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action of throwing, casting, or hurling that has been completed and whose result persists. It is in the perfect tense, meaning the action is finished, and in the passive voice, meaning the subject is receiving the action. It is often used to describe something that has been cast down, discarded, or laid in a particular place.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Tense, Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΒΈΒΛΗΤΑΙ, ΚΈΧΥΤΑΙ

G0058

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH

Translations: marketplace, a marketplace, market, a market, public square, a public square

Notes: This word refers to a public place, typically an open space in a city or town, used for assemblies, public discussions, and especially for buying and selling goods. It can be translated as 'marketplace' or 'public square'. In ancient Greek cities, the agora was a central hub of social and commercial activity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ, ἘΜΠΟΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb ἀγείρω (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. The noun refers to a place where people gather.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G1994

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sas

Translations: having turned, having returned, turning back, returning

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action completed prior to the main verb of the sentence. It means 'having turned back' or 'having returned' and describes someone who has performed the action of turning or returning. It often implies a change of direction, a reversal of course, or a coming back to a previous state or place.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ὙΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and στρέφω (strephō, 'to turn'). It literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn back'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pah

Translations: I said, I spoke

Notes: This is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action of speaking or saying something in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'I said to them' or 'I spoke the word'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb λέγω (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, recount, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to say' or 'to speak', often implying a reasoned or deliberate utterance.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS

Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-foh-NEV-tai

Translations: has been murdered, has been killed

Notes: This word is a verb in the perfect tense, passive voice, third person singular. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results, where the subject is the recipient of the action. It means 'he/she/it has been murdered' or 'he/she/it has been killed'.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word φονεύω (phoneuō) is derived from φονεύς (phoneus), meaning 'murderer', which in turn comes from φόνος (phonos), meaning 'murder, slaughter'.

G4250

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: PRIN

Translations: before, sooner, until, ere

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a conjunction, indicating a point in time prior to another event or action. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'sooner'. As a conjunction, it means 'before' or 'until', often introducing a clause that describes an event that has not yet happened. It is frequently used with an infinitive or a subjunctive verb.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (forward, through). It is related to the preposition πρό (pro, before).

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G0380

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-pee-DAY-sas

Translations: leaping up, jumping up, springing up

Notes: This word describes the action of suddenly leaping, jumping, or springing upwards. It is often used to convey a quick, energetic movement, such as someone jumping to their feet or an animal leaping. It implies a sudden, upward motion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΠΗΔΑΝ, ἘΞΑΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΙΡΤΑΩ

Etymology: From ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and πηδάω (pēdáō, 'to leap, spring'). It literally means 'to leap up'.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-ney-LOH-mehn

Translations: I took up, I took away, I picked up, I destroyed, I killed

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb ἀναιρέω. It generally means to take up, pick up, or carry away. In some contexts, it can also mean to destroy or kill, especially when referring to taking someone's life. The middle voice emphasizes the subject acting for themselves or on their own behalf, or experiencing the action.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΑἸΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (hairéō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3613

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-KAY-mah

Translations: dwelling, a dwelling, house, a house, room, a room, chamber, a chamber, building, a building

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a house, a room, or any kind of building or habitation. It is a general term for a structure or space where one lives or stays. It can be used to describe a private room, a larger house, or even a public building.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', which itself comes from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G1416

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-doo

Translations: sank, set, entered

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb δύω (dyō). It describes a completed action in the past, meaning 'he/she/it sank,' 'he/she/it set' (as in the sun setting), or 'he/she/it entered.' It is often used to describe something going down or into something else.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΒΑΠΤΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΥΩ

Etymology: The verb δύω (dyō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to plunge, sink, set'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the idea of entering or going down.

G0863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FEE-kah

Translations: I left, I sent away, I forgave, I permitted, I let go, I abandoned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi, meaning 'to send' or 'to let go'). It means to send away, let go, permit, or forgive. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a release or abandonment of something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΆΩ, ΠΑΡΊΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΈΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-EE-roo-my

Translations: I take up, I destroy, I kill, I remove, I do away with

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take up', 'to destroy', 'to kill', or 'to remove'. It can be used in various contexts, from physically taking something up to causing the death of someone, or abolishing something. The specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἈΝΑ (ANA), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ΑΙΡΕΩ (AIREO), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3077

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOO-pay

Translations: sorrow, grief, pain, sadness, a sorrow, a grief, a pain, a sadness

Notes: This word refers to a state of emotional distress, sadness, or grief. It can also denote physical pain or affliction. It is commonly used to describe deep emotional suffering or sorrow caused by loss, disappointment, or adverse circumstances.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΣΤΕΝΑΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the root λύπη (lupē), meaning 'pain, grief'. It is related to the verb λύω (luō), 'to loosen, release', possibly implying a loosening or breaking of the spirit.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-NEES-thayn

Translations: I remembered, I recalled, I thought of

Notes: This verb means 'to remember' or 'to recall'. It describes the act of bringing something back into one's mind. Although morphologically passive, it often carries a middle voice meaning in Koine Greek, indicating an action performed by the subject upon themselves or for their own benefit, hence 'I remembered' rather than 'I was remembered'.

Inflection: 1st Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive (with a middle voice meaning)

Synonyms: ΜΕΜΝΗΜΑΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: strah-fee-SOHN-tai

Translations: they will be turned, they will turn, they will return, they will be converted

Notes: This word means 'they will be turned' or 'they will turn themselves'. It is often used to describe a change in direction, a turning around, or a conversion. It can refer to physical turning or a metaphorical turning, such as turning away from sin or returning to God. In a sentence, it would describe a group of people or things undergoing this action in the future.

Inflection: Future, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΕΦΩ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to turn' or 'to twist'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings of turning or bending.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1859

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TAI

Translations: feasts, festivals, holidays

Notes: This word refers to religious or public festivals and holidays. It is used to describe a time of celebration or observance, often with specific rituals or gatherings. For example, it might refer to the Jewish Passover or other annual celebrations.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΗΜΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂- (to sow, to plant), referring to a time of harvest or celebration. It is related to the concept of a fixed or appointed time.

G3997

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEN-thoss

Translations: mourning, a mourning, grief, sorrow, lamentation

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep sorrow, grief, or lamentation, often expressed outwardly through weeping or other signs of distress. It is commonly used to describe the emotional response to death, loss, or disaster.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΟΣ, ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G2355

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THRAY-nos

Translations: lament, wailing, mourning, a lament, a wailing, a mourning

Notes: This word refers to a lamentation, wailing, or mourning, typically expressed through songs, cries, or other outward displays of grief. It is often associated with funerals, times of great sorrow, or public expressions of distress.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΟΣ, ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ

Etymology: From an imitative root, possibly related to the sound of wailing. It is connected to the verb θρηνέω (thrēneō), meaning 'to lament' or 'to wail'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OH-kho-main

Translations: I was going, I went, I was coming, I came

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'erchomai', meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Specifically, it is the first person singular imperfect middle or passive indicative. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that happened to the subject or was done by the subject for themselves. In the provided context, it consistently means 'I was going' or 'I went'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Imperfect, Middle or Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G5407

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foh-nef-THEE-nai

Translations: to be killed, to be murdered, to be slain

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'phoneuō', meaning 'to kill' or 'to murder'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated as 'to be killed' or 'to be murdered'. It indicates the action of being killed or murdered, without specifying who performs the action, and refers to a completed action in the past from the perspective of the main verb. It is commonly used in contexts discussing the act of killing or being put to death.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G0646

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PEH-drah

Translations: fled, ran away, escaped

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποδιδράσκω, meaning 'to flee from' or 'to run away'. It describes an action of escaping or taking flight that occurred in the past. It is often used to describe someone who has escaped from danger, captivity, or a difficult situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποδιδράσκω is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-), meaning 'away from', and the verb διδράσκω (didraskō), meaning 'to run' or 'to flee'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2606

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-GEL-ohn

Translations: they laughed at, they ridiculed, they mocked

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down, against') and the verb γελάω (gelao, 'to laugh'). It means to laugh at someone or something, often in a scornful or mocking way. It describes an action of derision or ridicule directed towards another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb καταγελάω (katagelao) is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb γελάω (gelao), meaning 'to laugh'. The compound verb intensifies the action of laughing, specifically directing it 'against' someone, thus implying ridicule or scorn.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-zay-TAY-thayn

Translations: I was sought, I was searched for, I was demanded, I was required

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to') and the verb ζητέω (zēteō, meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'). In this form, it means 'I was sought after' or 'I was searched for' or 'I was demanded'. It describes an action that was performed upon the speaker in the past, indicating that someone or something was looking for or requiring them.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΖΗΤΗΘΗΝ, ΕΠΕΖΗΤΟΥΜΗΝ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

G3392

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: meh-mee-AM-meh-nos

Translations: defiled, polluted, stained, contaminated, having been defiled, one who has been defiled

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been defiled' or 'one who has been defiled'. It describes a state of impurity or contamination, often in a ritual or moral sense. It can be used to describe a person, object, or place that has been made unclean. As a participle, it functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΣ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word μιαίνω (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to stain' or 'to dye'. It refers to the act of defiling or polluting.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EL-thon

Translations: they entered, they came in, they went in

Notes: This word is the aorist form of the verb 'to enter' or 'to come in'. It describes an action of moving into a place or situation that occurred in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things performed the action of entering.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0343

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nah-keh-kah-LYM-meh-non

Translations: uncovered, unveiled, revealed, disclosed, a revealed thing, an uncovered thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been uncovered' or 'having been unveiled'. It describes something that has had a covering removed, making it visible or known. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀνά' (ana, 'up, again') and 'καλύπτω' (kalypto, 'to cover'). It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a substantive (a noun formed from a participle).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-dane

Translations: I knew, you knew, he knew, she knew, it knew, we knew, they knew, to know

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know'. It is a pluperfect form, which describes an action completed in the past relative to another past action, but it functions with the meaning of a simple past tense (imperfect) in Koine Greek. It can be used for any person (I, you, he/she/it, we, they) depending on the context, as the ending is the same for all persons in this specific tense and mood. It describes a state of knowing or having knowledge.

Inflection: Pluperfect, Indicative, Active, All persons (1st, 2nd, 3rd singular and plural)

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G455

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-neh-oh-GO-tohn

Translations: of having opened, of those who have opened, of things having been opened

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It is in the genitive plural case, and can be masculine or neuter. It describes the state of something or someone having been opened.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΞΑΝΤΩΝ, ΑΝΟΙΓΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, 'up, back') and οἴγω (oígō, 'to open').

G0861

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-FOH-de-oo-san

Translations: they defecated, they went to stool

Notes: This verb describes the act of defecating or going to stool. It is used literally to refer to the expulsion of waste from the body. In the provided form, it indicates that a group of subjects performed this action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and ὅδος (hodos, 'way, road'), literally meaning 'to go off the road' or 'to go away'. It came to refer to going to a private place to relieve oneself.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2340

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ther-MON

Translations: hot, warm, a hot thing, a warm thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'hot' or 'warm'. It is used to describe something that has a high temperature. It can be used to describe objects, liquids, or even abstract concepts like passion or zeal. In the provided examples, it describes the temperature of a house and bird droppings.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΥΡΙΝΟΣ, ΖΕΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΘΕΡΜΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰer-, meaning 'warm, hot'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to heat.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G5623

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-feh-LEE-san

Translations: they benefited, they profited, they helped, they gained

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person plural. It means to benefit, profit, help, or be useful. It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that a group of people (they) received a benefit or provided help.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ὨΦΕΛΕΩ (ōpheleō) is derived from the noun ὄφελος (ophelos), meaning 'advantage' or 'profit'. It signifies the act of bringing advantage or profit.

G0001

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Ah-khee-AH-khar-os

Translations: Achiacharus

Notes: Achiacharus is a proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the Book of Tobit, Achiacharus is a prominent figure, described as Tobit's nephew and a wise and influential man in the court of the Assyrian king. He is known for his wisdom and administrative skills.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Achiacharus is of Aramaic origin, derived from 'Ahiqar', meaning 'my brother is precious' or 'my brother is glorious'. It is known from the ancient Aramaic story of Ahiqar, which influenced various literary traditions.

G1883

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-pa-NOH

Translations: above, over, on, upon, up, more than

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'above' or 'on top'. It can also be used as a preposition, often taking the genitive case, to indicate position 'over' or 'upon' something, or to mean 'more than' in a comparative sense. It describes location or superiority.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΠΙ, ὙΠΕΡ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soh

Translations: as much as, as many as, how much, how many, whatsoever, whosoever, all that, (to) as much as, (to) as many as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective, indicating quantity or extent. It means 'as much as' or 'as many as' and is used to refer to a quantity or number that is equal to or corresponds with another. It can also be translated as 'whatsoever' or 'whosoever' when referring to an indefinite amount or group. It is often used in a dative construction to indicate 'to' or 'for' a certain amount or number.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Neuter; or Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΟΙ, ΟΣΑ

G5331

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FAR-ma-ka

Translations: drugs, medicines, potions, enchantments, sorceries, magical arts

Notes: This word refers to substances that can be used for various purposes, including medicine, poison, or magical potions. In ancient contexts, it often carried the connotation of magical arts or sorcery, especially when used to influence or harm others. It can be used in a sentence to describe the tools or practices of those who engage in such activities.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΑΓΕΙΑ, ΓΟΗΤΕΙΑ

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-toh

Translations: to/for so much, to/for so great, to/for so many, by so much, by so great, by so many

Notes: This word is an adjective that indicates quantity or degree, meaning 'so much,' 'so great,' or 'so many.' It is used to emphasize the extent or magnitude of something. In this dative singular form, it often conveys 'to/for so much/great/many' or 'by so much/great/many,' indicating the measure or degree by which something is affected or compared.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G5186

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-eh-ty-PHLOON-toh

Translations: they were being blinded, they were blinded, they were made blind

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect tense, indicative mood, passive or middle voice, and third person plural. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The root verb means 'to blind' or 'to make blind'. With the prefix 'ἐκ-' (ex-), it intensifies the action, meaning 'to completely blind' or 'to utterly blind'. Thus, 'they were being completely blinded' or 'they were utterly blinded'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive or Middle, Third Person, Plural

G3004

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: le-KO-ma-sin

Translations: (to) white spots, (to) films, (to) cataracts

Notes: This word refers to a white spot or film, particularly on the eye, often describing a cataract or a similar affliction that causes blindness or impaired vision. It is used here in the dative plural, indicating the recipient or object of an action, such as something happening 'to' or 'for' these white spots.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΛΕΥΚΩΜΑ (leukoma) is derived from the Greek adjective λευκός (leukos), meaning 'white'. It refers to something that has become white or a white condition.

G616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-too-floh-THEE-nai

Translations: to be blinded, to become blind

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'apotyphloō', meaning 'to blind' or 'to make blind'. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to be blinded' or 'to become blind' in English, indicating the action of being deprived of sight.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Etymology: The word ἀποτυφλόω is a compound verb formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and τυφλόω (typhloō), meaning 'to blind'. The root τυφλόω comes from τυφλός (typhlos), meaning 'blind'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-DY-nah-tos

Translations: impossible, weak, impotent, a weak person, an impotent person

Notes: This word describes something that is impossible to do or achieve, or someone who is weak, powerless, or without strength. It can refer to a physical inability or a general lack of power or capacity. It is often used to describe things that cannot happen or people who are unable to act effectively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΣΘΕΝΗΣ, ἈΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'δυνατός' (dynatos) meaning 'able' or 'powerful'. Thus, it literally means 'not able' or 'not powerful'.

G3076

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LY-poo-NTO

Translations: they were grieved, they were distressed, they were sorrowful, they were saddened

Notes: This is a verb meaning to cause pain, grief, or distress to someone, or in the passive/middle voice, to be grieved, distressed, or sorrowful oneself. The form ἘΛΥΠΟΥΝΤΟ indicates an ongoing state of being grieved or distressed in the past, specifically referring to a group of people (they). It describes an emotional state of sadness or sorrow.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ, ὈΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-khee-AH-khar-os

Translations: Ahikar

Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a transliteration of the name Ahikar, a wise and influential figure in ancient Assyria, known from the Book of Tobit and other ancient texts. It refers to a specific individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: This is a proper noun, likely derived from an Aramaic or Persian name, transliterated into Greek. The exact etymology of the original name is debated but often linked to meanings like 'my brother is glorious' or 'brother of the moon'.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G1677

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: eh-loo-MAH-ee-dah

Translations: Elymais, to Elymais, into Elymais

Notes: Elymais was an ancient region and later a semi-independent kingdom located in the southwestern part of Persia, in what is now modern Iran. It was known for its wealth and strategic importance. The word in the example usage is in the accusative case, indicating motion towards or a direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Elymais' is of ancient origin, referring to a region and kingdom in Persia. It is thought to be derived from the name of the Elamites, an ancient civilization that inhabited the area.

G2051

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ree-THEV-eh-toh

Translations: was working, was laboring, was toiling, was striving

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'ἐριθεύομαι'. It describes an action that was ongoing in the past, indicating that someone 'was working' or 'was laboring'. In some contexts, it can also imply striving or acting from a partisan spirit, but in the provided context, it clearly refers to engaging in work or tasks.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΡΓΆΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΠΙΆΩ, ΜΟΧΘΈΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐριθεύομαι (eritheuomai) is derived from ἔριθος (erithos), meaning 'a day-laborer' or 'one who works for hire'. It originally referred to working for wages, and later broadened to mean to work or labor generally.

G5550

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHRO-noh

Translations: (to) time, (in) time, a time, season, period

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a season, or a specific moment. It is often used to indicate when something occurs, frequently appearing with prepositions like 'ἐν' (in) to denote 'in time' or 'at a certain time'. It can also refer to a duration or an appointed time.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΟΣ (chronos) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a duration of time, as opposed to καιρός (kairos), which refers to a specific, opportune time.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G0649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-STEL-leh

Translations: he was sending, he sent, he used to send, he was dispatching, he dispatched, he used to dispatch

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, or an action that began in the past and continued for some time. It means 'he was sending away' or 'he was dispatching' someone or something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DOH-kahn

Translations: they gave back, they paid, they rendered, they restored, they delivered, they returned

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidomi). It means "they gave back," "they paid," "they rendered," or "they restored." It is often used in contexts of returning something, paying a debt, or fulfilling an obligation. For example, it could be used to say "they paid the money" or "they returned the items."

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἀποδίδωμι is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "back," and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning "to give." Thus, its core meaning is "to give back."

G4316

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-DON-tes

Translations: giving in addition, adding, contributing, having given in addition, those who gave in addition

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having given in addition' or 'those who gave in addition'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'in addition to', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, it signifies the act of giving something extra or adding to what is already given.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ

G2056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-RI-fon

Translations: kid, a kid, young goat, a young goat

Notes: This word refers to a young goat, often called a kid. It is used to denote the offspring of a goat, typically before it reaches maturity. It can be used in various contexts where a young goat is mentioned, such as in agricultural settings or as an animal for sacrifice or food.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ἔριφος (eriphos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'to jump' or 'to be lively', characteristic of young goats.

G1618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ET-eh-meh

Translations: he cut out, he cut off, he cut away, he amputated

Notes: This verb means to cut out, cut off, or amputate. It is often used in contexts of removing something by cutting. For example, it could describe cutting out an eye, cutting off a limb, or excising something from a body.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΕΜΝΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἐκτέμνω (ektémnō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb τέμνω (témnō), meaning 'to cut'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kahn

Translations: they gave, they did give

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving that occurred in the past. It is typically used when referring to multiple subjects who performed the act of giving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: The root word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, common in ancient Greek verbs.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2078

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ess-TEE-ah

Translations: hearth, a hearth, house, a house, home, a home, family, a family

Notes: This word refers to a hearth, which is the central part of a home where a fire is kept, often symbolizing the home or family itself. It can also refer more broadly to the house or dwelling. It is used to denote the physical place of residence or the concept of family and domestic life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁wes- (to dwell, live, stay). It is related to Latin Vesta and Sanskrit Vasati.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh

Translations: began, started

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: klep-SEE-mah-ee-on

Translations: stolen, a stolen thing

Notes: This word describes something that has been taken unlawfully or by stealth. It is used to indicate that an object or item is the result of theft. For example, one might ask if an item is 'stolen' (κλεψιμαῖον) to inquire about its origin.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΟΠΙΜΑΙΟΝ, ΚΛΟΠΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek verb κλέπτω (kleptō), meaning 'to steal'. The suffix -ιμαῖος is used to form adjectives indicating something that is the result of an action.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-POH-doss

Translations: give back, pay back, render, restore, fulfill

Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'apodidomi', meaning 'to give back', 'to pay back', 'to render', 'to restore', or 'to fulfill'. It is used to command someone to return something, pay a debt, or fulfill a vow or obligation. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'Give back the money!' or 'Fulfill your vows!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΤΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ἈΠΟΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποδίδωμι (apodidomi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to give away' or 'to give back'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G2301

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: THEM-ee-ton

Translations: lawful, right, proper, just, a lawful thing, a right thing

Notes: This word describes something that is lawful, right, or proper, especially in the sense of being permitted by divine or moral law. It refers to what is permissible or in accordance with established custom or divine will. It can be used to describe actions, situations, or things that are considered morally or legally acceptable.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΕΣΤΙ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word θέμις (themis), meaning 'that which is laid down', 'custom', 'law', or 'divine ordinance'. It refers to what is established by custom or divine law.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3379

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY-po-teh

Translations: lest, perhaps, never, at any time, by no means

Notes: ΜΗΠΟΤΕ is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (mē) and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote). It is used to express a negative possibility, a fear that something might happen, or a rhetorical question implying a negative answer. Depending on the context, it can be translated as 'lest,' 'perhaps,' 'never,' or 'at any time.' It often introduces a clause expressing a feared outcome or a possibility that is being denied.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΗΠΩΣ, ΜΗ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not,' and the indefinite adverb ΠΟΤΕ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever.'

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-DOH-tai

Translations: it has been given, it is given, it was given

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results in the present. Therefore, it translates to 'it has been given' or 'it is given' (implying a past action with present effect). It is used when something has been bestowed or granted.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, which is common for verbs of giving in ancient languages.

G3409

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mis-THOH

Translations: to hire, to rent, to pay wages, to let out for hire, to employ, to lease

Notes: This word generally means 'to hire' or 'to rent'. It can refer to hiring someone for work, or renting out property. It can also mean to pay wages or to be employed. In some contexts, it can imply letting something out for hire or leasing it.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular OR Present, Active, Subjunctive, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΕΥΩ, ΜΙΣΘΑΡΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΣΘΟΩ (misthoō) is derived from the noun ΜΙΣΘΟΣ (misthos), meaning 'wages' or 'pay'. It signifies the act of engaging in a transaction involving payment for service or use.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEH-oo-on

Translations: I was believing, they were believing, I believed, they believed, I trusted, they trusted, I had faith, they had faith

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'pisteuō', meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It is in the imperfect active indicative tense, which describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be translated as 'I was believing' or 'they were believing', depending on the context. It can also imply a past action that was continuous or habitual, such as 'I used to believe' or 'they kept on believing'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-DIH-doh-nye

Translations: to give back, to pay back, to render, to restore, to repay, to yield, to deliver

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'back') and the verb δίδωμι (didomi, meaning 'to give'). It generally means 'to give back' or 'to return something that is due'. It can be used in contexts of repaying a debt, rendering an account, or yielding fruit. For example, one might 'give back' money, 'render' an explanation, or a field might 'yield' a harvest.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΥΣ

G2070

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-roo-three-OHN

Translations: blushed, was ashamed, became red, turned red

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to blush' or 'to be ashamed'. It describes a physical reaction of the face turning red due to embarrassment, shame, or modesty. It can also simply mean to turn red in color. In the provided context, it indicates someone was ashamed or embarrassed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑἸΣΧΥΝΟΜΑΙ, ἘΝΤΡΕΠΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐρυθριάω (eruthriao) is derived from the Greek adjective ἐρυθρός (eruthros), meaning 'red'. It describes the act of becoming red, particularly in the face.

G0611

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEY-sah

Translations: having answered, she answered, having replied, she replied

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb in the sentence, often functioning adverbially to provide context for the subsequent action. In this specific form, it refers to a singular feminine subject who performed the action of answering or replying.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΦΘΕΓΓΟΜΑΙ, ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ

G1654

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-leh-eh-mo-SY-nai

Translations: alms, acts of mercy, deeds of compassion, charity

Notes: This word refers to acts of compassion, mercy, or charity, often specifically referring to the giving of alms to the poor. It emphasizes the practical expression of pity or kindness towards those in need. In the provided context, it appears in a plural form, indicating multiple acts of mercy or charitable deeds.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ, ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΛΕΗΜΟΣΥΝΗ (eleēmosynē) comes from the Greek word ἔλεος (eleos), meaning 'pity' or 'mercy'. It developed to refer to the practical expression of this feeling, particularly through charitable giving.

G1110

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gno-STA

Translations: known, things known, a known thing

Notes: This word describes something that is known, familiar, or understood. It refers to something that has been perceived, recognized, or made evident. It can be used to describe facts, people, or concepts that are within one's knowledge.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ, ΔΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ comes from the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It is related to the concept of knowledge and understanding.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-doo-NAI

Translations: to give back, to pay back, to render, to restore, to repay, to return

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidōmi). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, it literally means 'to give back' or 'to give away from oneself'. It is used to express the action of returning something, paying a debt, rendering what is due, or restoring something to its original state or owner. It can be used in contexts of financial transactions, fulfilling obligations, or divine retribution.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΑΙ, ἈΠΟΤΙΝΕΙΝ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΝ

G5485