2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: BRA-khoo

Translations: short, brief, little, a little, for a short time, briefly, in a short time, by little, gradually

Notes: This word primarily means 'short' or 'brief', referring to duration of time or physical length. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as short or brief. When used adverbially, often with a preposition like 'κατά' (kata), it can mean 'briefly', 'for a short time', 'by little', or 'gradually'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΜΙΚΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'βραχύς' (brachys) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'short'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of shortness or brevity.

G1277

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-lee-PON

Translations: having left off, having ceased, having paused, having intervened, having omitted, having neglected

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διαλείπω', meaning 'to leave off, cease, pause, or intervene'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often indicates a temporal break or an omission. For example, it can describe someone who has stopped speaking, or an interval of time that has passed.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΥΣΑΣ, ΑΦΕΙΣ, ΕΚΛΙΠΩΝ

G0575

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pah-NEE-stah-tai

Translations: departs, withdraws, removes, rises up, stands up

Notes: This verb means to depart, withdraw, or remove oneself from a place or situation. It can also mean to rise up or stand up. It is often used to describe someone leaving a location or moving away from something.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἀπανίστημι (apanistēmi) is a compound word formed from ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to make to stand up' or 'to raise up'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4614

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-NAI-oo

Translations: (of) Sinai, Sinaitic

Notes: This word refers to something or someone associated with Mount Sinai, a significant location in the Old Testament where the Law was given to Moses. It is often used in the genitive case to mean 'of Sinai' or 'Sinaitic', typically modifying a noun like 'mountain' or 'desert'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΣΙΝΑΙΟΣ is derived from the Hebrew word סִינַי (Sinai), referring to the mountain in the desert where the Law was given to Moses.

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ROOS

Translations: (of) mountain, (of) a mountain, (of) hill, (of) a hill

Notes: ὈΡΟΥΣ is the genitive singular form of the Koine Greek noun ὈΡΟΣ, which means 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or separation, often translated as 'of a mountain' or 'from a mountain'. It can refer to a literal elevated landmass or be used metaphorically.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a natural elevation of the earth's surface.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G0282

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-MEP-sas

Translations: having exchanged, having requited, having repaid, having answered, having replied

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ameibō', meaning 'to exchange' or 'to requite'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone who has performed the act of exchanging, requiting, or answering. It can be used to modify a noun or pronoun, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΝΤΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1213

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-LOH-soh-men

Translations: we will make clear, we will show, we will declare, we will reveal

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make clear,' 'to show,' 'to declare,' or 'to reveal.' It is used to express an action that will be performed by a group (we) in the future, indicating that they will make something known or evident.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, First Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΟΜΕΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΔΗΛΟΩ comes from the adjective ΔΗΛΟΣ (delos), meaning 'visible' or 'clear.' It signifies the act of making something visible or clear.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, being named, what is said, what is spoken, a thing said, a thing spoken

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being said, spoken, or called. It can refer to a statement, a saying, or something that is being referred to or named.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ, ΦΑΜΕΝΟΝ

G3918, G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEN

Translations: was present, were present, was advising, was exhorting, was encouraging

Notes: This word is an inflected form that can come from two different Koine Greek verbs. It can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular or plural, of ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. In this sense, it describes someone or something being in a particular place or situation. Alternatively, it can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, of ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, meaning 'to advise', 'to exhort', or 'to encourage'. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Plural (from ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ); Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (from ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ)

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G4714

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: stah-see-AH-zeen

Translations: to revolt, to rebel, to cause dissension, to be in dissension, to be at variance

Notes: This verb means to be in a state of rebellion or to cause a revolt or dissension. It describes the act of stirring up or participating in civil strife, factionalism, or disagreement within a group or community. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are in conflict with authority or with each other.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΕΩ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-dee-MEE-ahn

Translations: a journey abroad, a going abroad, a departure, a sojourn, an absence

Notes: This word refers to a journey away from one's own country or home, often implying a prolonged stay or absence. It can describe a trip abroad, a sojourn in a foreign land, or simply a departure from one's usual residence. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'δῆμος' (people, country).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΙΠΟΡΙΑ, ΕΚΔΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀποδημέω (apodēméō, “to go abroad”), from ἀπό (apó, “away from”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people, country”).

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3985

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-peh-rah-MEH-non

Translations: of those who have been tested, of those who have been tried, of those who have been experienced

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'peiraō' or 'peirazō', which means 'to test', 'to try', or 'to tempt'. This particular form is a perfect passive participle, indicating a state of having been tested or tried. It is used in the genitive plural, often to describe a group of people who have undergone a trial or experience.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΩΝ, ΕΜΠΕΙΡΩΝ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G3982

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pay-SAN-tos

Translations: of one who persuaded, of one who convinced, of one who obeyed, of one who trusted, of one who yielded

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peithō), meaning 'to persuade,' 'to convince,' 'to obey,' 'to trust,' or 'to yield.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by someone. In this form, it refers to 'one who has persuaded,' 'one who has convinced,' or 'one who has obeyed/trusted/yielded,' depending on the context and the specific nuance of 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' being used. It indicates a completed action.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peithō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bind, to tie, to persuade, to believe.' It is related to words signifying trust, faith, and obedience.

G0521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pah-nah-STAY-nai

Translations: to rise up, to depart, to remove oneself, to revolt

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀπο- (apo-, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi, meaning 'to stand up' or 'to raise'). As an infinitive, it means 'to rise up from', 'to depart from', or 'to remove oneself'. It can also imply a more forceful 'to revolt' or 'to rebel'. It is used to describe the action of moving away from a place or situation, often with the implication of standing up to do so.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0684

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ap-ol-ES-ee-an

Translations: destruction, ruin, perdition

Notes: This word refers to destruction, ruin, or perdition. It is often used to describe a state of utter loss or being utterly undone. It can refer to physical destruction or spiritual ruin.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ὈΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΦΘΟΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπώλεια (apōleia) comes from ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to perish'.

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G1161

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PES-kheh-toh

Translations: he promised, she promised, it promised

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to promise' or 'to pledge'. It is used to indicate that someone made a commitment or gave an assurance. In this form, it refers to a singular subject (he, she, or it) who made a promise in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΟΜΝΥΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in return for', and the verb ΙΣΧΝΕΟΜΑΙ (iskhneomai), which is related to ΙΣΧΩ (iskhō), meaning 'to hold' or 'to have'. The combination suggests 'to hold oneself under obligation' or 'to take upon oneself'.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EX-ayn

Translations: to provide, to furnish, to supply, to offer, to grant, to cause, to present, to afford

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō). It means 'to provide' or 'to furnish' something to someone. It can also mean 'to offer' or 'to grant' a benefit or service. In a broader sense, it can imply 'to cause' or 'to present' a certain state or condition. It is often used in contexts where one person or entity makes something available to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΕΙΝ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to hold alongside' or 'to have ready', which evolved into 'to provide' or 'to furnish'.

G2118

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-dah-ee-mo-NEE-as

Translations: of happiness, of well-being, of prosperity, of blessedness

Notes: This word refers to a state of happiness, well-being, or prosperity. It is a compound word derived from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'good', and 'δαίμων' (daimon), meaning 'spirit' or 'divinity', thus literally meaning 'good spirit' or 'good fortune'. It describes a flourishing life, often associated with divine favor or a life lived virtuously. In this form, it indicates possession or origin, as in 'of happiness'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΜΑΚΑΡΙΟΤΗΣ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOW-tays

Translations: to these, with these, by these, in these, these

Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object, means, instrument, or location, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'with', 'by', or 'in'. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0251

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-LOHN-tai

Translations: to be caught, to be taken, to be conquered, to be overcome, to be captured

Notes: This word describes the action of being caught, seized, or overcome, often in a passive sense. It is used when someone or something is captured, taken by force, or falls into a trap or difficulty. For example, a city might be 'taken' or 'conquered', or a person might be 'caught' in a snare.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Present, Subjunctive, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΙΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From an obsolete primary verb ἁλίσκω (haliskō), meaning 'to capture'. It is related to the concept of seizing or taking.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G1955

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-li-PEIN

Translations: to fail, to be lacking, to run out, to cease, to come to an end, to be left behind

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἐπιλείπω (epileipō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. Together, it signifies the act of something failing, running out, or coming to an end, often implying a deficiency or cessation. It can be used to describe resources, time, or even people failing or being insufficient.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ, ΠΑΥΩ

G4819

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-BAH-ee-ay

Translations: happen, occur, come to pass, result, turn out

Notes: This word describes something that happens, occurs, or comes to pass. It can refer to events, circumstances, or outcomes. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it happens that...' or 'it turns out that...'.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound word formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', leading to the sense of 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G5046

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: TEH-leh-on

Translations: complete, perfect, finished, mature, fully, perfectly, completely

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'complete,' 'perfect,' or 'finished.' It can also function as an adverb meaning 'completely' or 'perfectly.' It describes something that has reached its intended end or goal, or someone who has reached full maturity or spiritual perfection. It is often used to emphasize the thoroughness or finality of an action or state.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Adverbial form

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΑΡΤΙΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ

Etymology: From τέλος (telos), meaning 'end,' 'goal,' 'completion.' The adjective refers to something that has reached its end or is complete.

G0622

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-meh-noy

Translations: perishing, being destroyed, losing, being lost, being ruined, being killed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἀπόλλυμι', meaning 'to destroy', 'to lose', or 'to perish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it indicates an ongoing action of perishing, being destroyed, or being lost, often referring to those who are in the process of being ruined or killed. It can be used to describe people or things that are facing destruction or loss.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΠΩΛΟΛΟΤΕΣ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G0435

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-dra

Translations: man, a man, husband, a husband

Notes: This word refers to a male human being, often specifically an adult male, or a husband. It is the accusative singular form of the noun 'ἈΝΗΡ' (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'husband'. It is used when the man or husband is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΝΗΡ' (anēr) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to a male human being.

G1169

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEH-nah

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, dire, awful, grievous, severe, terrible things, dreadful things

Notes: This word describes something that is terrible, dreadful, or severe. It can refer to things that cause fear, great difficulty, or intense suffering. In its plural form, it often refers to 'terrible things' or 'dire circumstances'. It is used to emphasize the gravity or intensity of a situation, event, or punishment.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΧΑΛΕΠΟΣ, ΒΑΡΥΣ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: leh-GON-tohn

Translations: (of) saying, (of) speaking, (of) telling, (of) relating, (of) calling, (of) naming

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It refers to 'those who are saying' or 'of those who are speaking'. It is often used to introduce direct or indirect speech, or to describe the action of a group of people who are speaking.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-AY-nay

Translations: was advising, was exhorting, was urging, was admonishing

Notes: This word is the imperfect tense of the verb 'παραινέω' (paraineō), meaning 'to advise,' 'to exhort,' or 'to urge.' It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was in the process of giving advice or encouragement. It is often used when a person is giving counsel or instruction to another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΝΟΥΘΕΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραινέω' (paraineō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and 'αἰνέω' (aineō), meaning 'to praise' or 'to approve.' The combination suggests an action of praising or approving alongside someone, which evolved into the sense of advising or exhorting.

G3993

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-po-NEE-meh-nohn

Translations: (of) having toiled, (of) having labored, (of) having suffered, (of) having been worn out, (of) having been distressed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having toiled' or 'having suffered'. It describes something that has undergone effort, labor, or distress. It is used to refer to things that have been worked on, endured, or experienced hardship. For example, it could refer to 'the things that have been toiled over' or 'the sufferings endured'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΟΠΙΑΚΟΤΩΝ, ΤΕΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΗΚΟΤΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2839

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: koy-NEES

Translations: (of) common, (of) shared, (of) public, (of) ordinary, (of) a community, (of) a partnership

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective or noun 'ΚΟΙΝΟΣ'. As an adjective, it describes something that is common, shared, public, or ordinary. As a noun, it can refer to a community, a partnership, or something held in common. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΟΥ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣΙΟΣ

G265

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: am-nay-moh-NEH-in

Translations: to forget, to be unmindful of, to be forgetful

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'amnemoneo'. It means to forget or to be unmindful of something, often implying a state of not remembering or a deliberate act of forgetting. It can be used in sentences where one is urged or expected to forget something, or where a state of forgetfulness is described.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΛΑΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, 'not') and 'μνημονεύω' (mnēmoneuō, 'to remember, to call to mind'), which comes from 'μνήμων' (mnēmōn, 'mindful, remembering').

G0640

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-gi-NOH-skeen

Translations: to despair, to give up hope, to renounce, to abandon

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Together, it means to 'know away from' or 'to cease to know', leading to the sense of giving up on something, losing hope, or despairing. It can also mean to renounce or abandon something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΓΝΥΜΙ, ἈΠΟΡΕΩ, ἈΘΥΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. The root γινώσκω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to know'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TEI-neh-toh

Translations: was being stretched, was being intensified, was increasing, was being extended, was being strained

Notes: This word is the imperfect passive indicative form of the verb 'ἐπιτείνω'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, indicating that something was in the process of being stretched, intensified, or increased. For example, it could describe a famine that was continually worsening or a situation that was becoming more severe.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΥΞΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΚΟΠΤΩ

G3948

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-thar-SY-noon

Translations: encouraging, exhorting, comforting, cheering up

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'παραθαρσύνω'. It means to encourage, exhort, or comfort someone, often in a situation where they might be losing hope or courage. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (beside, alongside) and 'θαρσύνω' (to embolden, to cheer). It describes the action of providing encouragement or reassurance to another person.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ

G0640

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-gno-KO-tahs

Translations: despaired, given up, given up hope, given up on, despaired of

Notes: This word describes someone who has despaired or given up hope. It is used to refer to individuals who have reached a point of hopelessness, often in a situation where they feel there is no solution or positive outcome. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'γινώσκω' (to know, to perceive), literally meaning 'to know away from' or 'to cease to know/recognize', which evolves into the sense of giving up or despairing.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΑΠΟΡΟΥΝΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word ἀπογινώσκω (apoginōskō) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb γινώσκω (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Over time, the combination evolved to mean 'to cease to know', 'to give up on', or 'to despair'.

G2539

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: KAI-per

Translations: although, though, even though, even if, notwithstanding

Notes: This word is a compound particle used to introduce a concessive clause, meaning 'although' or 'even though'. It indicates that something is true despite a contrary condition or circumstance. It often appears with a participle, expressing a concession.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ ΚΑΙ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: ΚΑΙΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the conjunction ΚΑΙ (kai), meaning 'and' or 'even', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which is an intensive particle. Together, they form a strong concessive meaning.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G4065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-yoo-BRIS-meh-nos

Translations: insulted, treated with contempt, outraged, abused, dishonored, reviled

Notes: This word describes someone who has been subjected to extreme insult, contempt, or abuse. It implies being treated with great disrespect or being outrageously dishonored. It is a compound word formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'exceedingly', and the verb ὑβρίζω (hybrizō), meaning 'to insult' or 'to treat with insolence'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΤΙΜΑΣΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AH-n

Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain

Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G0569

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pis-TOON-tone

Translations: of disbelievers, of unbelievers, of those who disbelieve, of those who are unbelieving

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to disbelieve' or 'to be faithless'. It refers to a group of people who are in a state of disbelieving or lacking faith. It is used to describe those who do not trust or are not convinced, often in a context of spiritual or factual belief. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to show possession or relationship, meaning 'belonging to' or 'of' the disbelievers.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΑΠΕΙΘΩΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G2065

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-ro-MEH-noo

Translations: of one asking, of one inquiring, of one questioning, of one requesting

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist middle participle of the verb 'ἐρωτάω' (erōtaō), meaning 'to ask, inquire, question, or request'. It is used to describe the action of someone who has asked or inquired, often in a dependent clause, indicating the person to whom the action of the main verb relates. For example, 'of him asking' or 'when he had asked'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TOH-sah-TAIS

Translations: to/for so many, to/for such great, to/for so great

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so many' or 'such great'. It is used to indicate a large or significant quantity or degree. As an adjective, it modifies a noun and agrees with it in number, gender, and case.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΣΑΥΤΟΣ is a compound of ΤΟΣΟΣ (tosós, 'so much, so great') and ΑΥΤΟΣ (autós, 'self, same'). It emphasizes the degree or quantity.

G2141

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-po-REE-see-eh

Translations: to be prosperous, to be well off, to have means, to have resources, to succeed, to be able, to find a way

Notes: This word describes the state of having sufficient means or resources, often financial, to achieve something or to be in a good condition. It can also mean to be able to find a way or to succeed in an endeavor. It implies a state of prosperity or capability.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΟΥΤΕΩ, ΕΥ̓ΘΗΝΕΩ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΠΟΡΕΩ is a compound of the prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the root ΠΟΡΟΣ (poros), meaning 'passage', 'way', or 'means'. Thus, it literally means 'to have a good way' or 'to have good means'.

G4280

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ee-ray-MEH-non

Translations: of the aforementioned, of the aforesaid, of the previously mentioned, of the things said before

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been said beforehand' or 'previously mentioned'. It is used to refer to things, statements, or people that have already been spoken about or referred to earlier in the text or conversation. It functions like an adjective or a noun, often translated as 'the aforementioned' or 'the aforesaid'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΩΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G5104, G3588

Part of Speech: Particle, Definite Article

Sounds like: TOY

Translations: indeed, surely, then, for them, to them, to the, for the

Notes: ΤΟΙ can function as an enclitic particle, adding emphasis or indicating a consequence, often translated as 'indeed,' 'surely,' or 'then.' It can also be the dative masculine or neuter plural form of the definite article 'the,' meaning 'to the' or 'for the,' or referring to 'them' when used as a pronoun. Its meaning depends heavily on context.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle); Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter (as a definite article)

Synonyms: ΓΑΡ, ΔΗ, ΟΙ

Etymology: The particle ΤΟΙ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun. The definite article ΤΟΙ (dative plural) derives from Proto-Indo-European roots related to demonstrative pronouns.

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TAI-ee-men

Translations: we might depart, we might withdraw, we might revolt, we might apostatize

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to stand away from,' 'to depart,' 'to withdraw,' or 'to revolt.' In this specific form, it indicates a potential or hypothetical action by a group, suggesting 'we might depart' or 'we might withdraw.' It can be used to describe physical separation or a more abstract turning away, such as from a belief or allegiance.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

G2572

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KAHM-non-tes

Translations: those toiling, those suffering, those sick, those weary, those afflicted

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'κάμνω' (kamnō). It describes individuals who are in the process of toiling, suffering, or being sick/weary. It functions adjectivally or substantively, meaning it can describe a noun (e.g., 'the toiling men') or stand in for a noun itself (e.g., 'those who are toiling').

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΩΝΤΕΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TAWT

Translations: this, that, these, those

Notes: ΤΑΥΤ is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either near in space or time, or recently mentioned. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural; or Feminine, Genitive, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G4130

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PIM-pla-tai

Translations: is filled, is being filled, becomes full, is full

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be filled' or 'to become full'. It is often used to describe something being filled with a substance, a quality, or a state. For example, a person might be 'filled with joy' or a place might be 'filled with people'. It is the passive voice of the verb 'to fill'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΥΤΑΙ, ΓΕΜΙΖΕΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΜΠΛΗΜΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill'. It is related to other words in Greek and other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of fullness or completion.

G4754

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TOH-peh-don

Translations: camp, an army, an encampment

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'στρατός' (army) and 'πέδον' (ground or plain). It refers to a military camp or an army itself, especially when arrayed for battle or encamped. It is used to describe the physical location where soldiers reside or the collective body of soldiers.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'στρατός' (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army', and 'πέδον' (pedon), meaning 'ground' or 'plain'. It literally means 'army ground' or 'army plain'.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, the whole, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is often used to emphasize the totality or completeness of something. In the provided examples, it appears in the neuter singular form, referring to 'everything' or 'the whole'. It can modify a noun or be used substantively (as a noun) to mean 'everything'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound word formed from the intensive prefix ἀ- (a-) and πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The prefix ἀ- serves to strengthen the meaning of 'all', emphasizing totality.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THROY-zon

Translations: they were gathering, they gathered, they used to gather, they were assembling, they assembled, they used to assemble

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperfect tense, active voice. It means 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. In the imperfect tense, it describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was happening at a specific time in the past. For example, 'they were gathering' or 'they used to assemble'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀθροίζω (athroizō) comes from the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together', and θρόος (throos), meaning 'a noise, a clamor, a crowd'. It implies bringing things or people together into a group, often with some accompanying sound or activity.

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ris-TAN-tes

Translations: standing around, surrounding, standing by, standing near, coming around

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'περίστημι' (peristēmi), meaning 'to stand around' or 'to surround'. It describes a group of people or things that are positioned around someone or something, often implying a sense of encircling or being present in the vicinity. It can be used to describe people gathering around a person or an object.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΘΕΝ

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

G3333

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-TER-kheh-tai

Translations: goes after, pursues, follows, comes after, seeks, avenges

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from μετά (meta, 'with, after') and ἔρχομαι (erchomai, 'to come, to go'). It means to go after something or someone, to pursue, or to follow. In some contexts, it can also mean to seek or to avenge. It is used to describe an action of movement towards a goal or a person, often with a specific intent.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The combination signifies movement 'after' or 'with' something.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1444

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: heb-RAI-oos

Translations: Hebrews, Jews, a Hebrew, a Jew

Notes: This word refers to a Hebrew or a Jew. It can be used as a noun to denote a person of Hebrew descent or Jewish faith, or as an adjective to describe something related to the Hebrews or Jews. In the provided context, it is used to refer to the people whom Moses led out of Egypt.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Hebrew 'Ibhri (עִבְרִי), meaning 'one from beyond' or 'one who crossed over', referring to Abraham who crossed the Euphrates River. It entered Greek through Aramaic.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: o-LI-gon

Translations: little, a little, few, a few, small, a small amount, short, a short time, briefly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'briefly'. As an adjective, it describes a small quantity or number of something. As an adverb, it indicates a small degree or duration of an action. It is often used to denote scarcity or brevity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΛΙΓΟΣ (oligos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to words meaning 'small' or 'scanty'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G2034

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-oh-noo-MEE-an

Translations: name, a name, surname, a surname, appellation, a designation

Notes: This word refers to a name, a surname, or a designation given to someone or something. It can also refer to the act of naming or the origin of a name. It is often used to indicate the source or reason for a name being given.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΗΓΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΩΝΥΜΙΑ (epōnymia) is a compound word derived from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and ΟΝΟΜΑ (onoma), meaning 'name'. It literally means 'that which is upon a name' or 'a name given upon something'.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-MEE-as

Translations: of desire, of longing, of lust, of covetousness, of passion

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire, longing, or craving. It can be used in a neutral sense for any strong desire, but often carries a negative connotation, referring to lust, covetousness, or unbridled passion, especially in a moral or ethical context. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, over) and ΘΥΜΟΣ (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΠΟΘΟΣ, ΗΔΟΝΗ

G3419