2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOX-ah-sen

Translations: he glorified, he honored, he magnified, he praised, he esteemed, he thought, he decided

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'δοξάζω' (doxazo). It means 'he/she/it glorified' or 'he/she/it honored.' In a broader sense, it can also mean to magnify, praise, or esteem someone or something. Depending on context, it can also mean 'he/she/it thought' or 'he/she/it decided,' especially in classical Greek, though less common in Koine.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ, ΑΙΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: boo-GAH-ee-on

Translations: Bugaean, the Bugaean

Notes: This word is a proper noun, likely a title or an epithet, possibly referring to a specific person or group. It is not a common Koine Greek word found in standard lexicons and appears to be a transliteration or a very specific, perhaps regional, term. In the provided context, it is used as a descriptor for Haman, suggesting it might be a title or a place of origin. It is a singular, masculine or neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The etymology of ΒΟΥΓΑΙΟΝ is uncertain. It does not appear to be derived from common Greek roots and may be a transliteration of a foreign name or title, possibly Persian given the context of Artaxerxes and Haman.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-roh-toh-bath-REH-ee

Translations: he held the first rank, he was preeminent, he was exalted, he was promoted

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb πρωτοβαθρέω (protobathreo), meaning 'to hold the first rank' or 'to be preeminent'. It describes an action in the past that was continuous or repeated. It is a compound word formed from 'πρώτος' (protos, meaning 'first') and 'βαθμός' (bathmos, meaning 'step' or 'rank'), literally meaning 'to hold the first step or rank'. It signifies being elevated to a position of honor or authority.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΨΟΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb πρωτοβαθρέω (protobathreo) is a compound word derived from the adjective πρώτος (protos), meaning 'first', and the noun βαθμός (bathmos), meaning 'step, degree, or rank'. It literally means 'to be first in rank or position'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OW-lay

Translations: courtyard, court, palace, sheepfold, fold, house

Notes: This word refers to an open space, typically a courtyard or an enclosed area. It can denote the courtyard of a house or palace, a sheepfold where sheep are kept, or even metaphorically, a house or dwelling. Its meaning is determined by the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΜΑΝΔΡΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΥΛΗ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ew- meaning 'to dwell, to live'. It originally referred to a dwelling or a place of shelter, evolving to mean an enclosed space like a courtyard or a sheepfold.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-ky-NOO-oon

Translations: they were worshiping, they were bowing down, they were prostrating themselves

Notes: This word describes the act of showing reverence or homage, typically by bowing down, prostrating oneself, or kissing the ground. It can refer to worshiping God or showing respect to a king or a person of authority. In the provided context, it describes people bowing down to someone, likely a king, as a sign of respect or obedience.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word προσκυνέω (proskyneō) is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'in the direction of', and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss'. Thus, it literally means 'to kiss towards' or 'to kiss the ground towards someone', signifying an act of reverence or submission.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-KOO-nay

Translations: was worshipping, was bowing down, was prostrating oneself, was doing obeisance

Notes: This word describes the act of showing reverence or adoration, typically by bowing down, prostrating oneself, or kissing the ground. It can be used to describe worship of God or a deity, but also to show respect or submission to a king, a person of authority, or even an idol. The form 'ΠΡΟΣΕΚΥΝΕΙ' indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was worshipping' or 'he/she/it was bowing down'.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'to', and ΚΥΝΕΩ (kyneo), meaning 'to kiss'. Thus, it literally means 'to kiss towards' or 'to kiss the ground towards someone', signifying an act of reverence or adoration.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-lay-san

Translations: they spoke, they said, they talked, they declared, they preached

Notes: The word ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ (laleō). This verb generally means 'to speak,' 'to say,' or 'to talk.' It can refer to uttering sounds, speaking a language, or engaging in conversation. In a broader sense, it can also mean to declare, proclaim, or preach, especially in a religious context. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past, so ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ means 'they spoke' or 'they said' as a definite, completed event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3878

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KOO-eis

Translations: you disobey, you refuse to hear, you neglect, you disregard

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and the verb ἀκούω (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. Together, it means to hear amiss, to hear incorrectly, or more commonly, to refuse to hear, to disobey, or to disregard. It is used to describe someone who intentionally ignores or acts contrary to what they have heard or been commanded.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΜΕΛΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G5219

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pee-KOO-eh

Translations: he was obeying, he used to obey, he listened, he was listening, he was heeding

Notes: This word means to obey, listen to, or heed. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It often takes a dative object, indicating to whom or what one is listening or obeying.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ (hypakouō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'in response to', and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen in response to', conveying the sense of obedience or compliance.

G5263

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-DIX-en

Translations: showed, pointed out, indicated, made known, revealed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'hypodeiknymi'. It means 'he/she/it showed' or 'he/she/it pointed out'. It is used to describe an action of revealing or making something known, often by pointing or demonstrating. It can also imply giving instruction or warning by example.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The verb ΥΠΟΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ (hypodeiknymi) is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', and the verb ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ (deiknymi), meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. The compound form intensifies or specifies the action of showing, often implying showing from beneath or showing by example.

G0496

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: an-tee-TAS-so-meh-non

Translations: opposing, resisting, setting oneself against, being arrayed against, being hostile to

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'antitassō'. It describes someone or something that is actively setting themselves against, opposing, or resisting another. It implies a posture of antagonism or defiance. As a participle, it can function adjectivally (e.g., 'the opposing one') or adverbially (e.g., 'while opposing'). The word is a compound of 'anti' (against) and 'tassō' (to arrange, to order, to appoint), literally meaning 'to arrange oneself against'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2453

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yos

Translations: Jewish, Jew, a Jew

Notes: This word refers to someone who is from Judea, a descendant of Judah, or a follower of the Jewish religion. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Jewish' or as a noun to refer to 'a Jew' or 'Jews'. In ancient contexts, it often distinguished people from Judea or those adhering to the Mosaic Law from Gentiles.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΗΣ

Etymology: From ΙΟΥΔΑ (IOUDA), referring to Judah, the fourth son of Jacob, whose descendants formed one of the twelve tribes of Israel, and later the kingdom of Judah. The suffix -ΑΙΟΣ indicates origin or belonging.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-GNOOS

Translations: having known, having recognized, having understood, having learned, having perceived, having ascertained

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ΕΠΙ' (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to') and the verb 'ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ' (ginōskō, meaning 'to know'). It signifies a more complete, thorough, or accurate knowledge, recognition, or understanding, often implying a full and precise comprehension or an experiential knowledge. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, leading to a present state of knowing or recognizing. It is often used to describe coming to a full realization or acknowledging something fully.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ' is derived from the prefix 'ΕΠΙ' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. The prefix intensifies the meaning of 'knowing', suggesting a fuller or more complete knowledge.

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-koo-NEH-ee

Translations: worship, bow down, prostrate oneself, do obeisance

Notes: This word means to worship, to bow down, or to prostrate oneself before someone or something, often as an act of reverence, homage, or submission. It can be used to describe an act of worship towards God or a deity, or an act of respect or submission towards a king or a person of authority. It implies a physical act of bowing or kneeling, often touching the ground with the forehead.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ

G2373

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-thoo-MOH-thay

Translations: was angry, became angry, raged, was enraged

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'θυμόω' (thumoo). It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone or something became angry or was enraged. It is often used to describe a strong emotional reaction of anger or wrath.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΧΟΛΑΩ

Etymology: The verb 'θυμόω' (thumoo) is derived from the noun 'θυμός' (thumos), meaning 'passion, spirit, anger'. It refers to the state of being filled with or expressing strong emotion, particularly anger.

G1011

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-boo-LEH-oo-sah-toh

Translations: he consulted, he took counsel, he decided, he purposed, he planned, he deliberated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to consult,' 'to take counsel,' 'to decide,' 'to purpose,' or 'to plan.' It describes the act of deliberating or making a decision, often after seeking advice or considering options. It is used to indicate that someone has made a firm resolution or formed a plan.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΓΝΩΜΕΥΩ

G0008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fah-NEE-sai

Translations: to destroy, to make disappear, to vanish, to corrupt, to consume, to waste, to disfigure, to make unseen, to hide

Notes: This word describes the act of causing something to disappear, to be destroyed, or to become invisible. It can refer to physical destruction, making something vanish, or even corrupting or disfiguring something. It implies a complete removal or obliteration, often with a sense of finality. In the provided form, it is an aorist infinitive, indicating an action completed in the past, often used to express purpose or result.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ comes from the prefix Α- (alpha privative, meaning 'not' or 'without') and ΦΑΝΕΡΟΣ (PHANEROS), meaning 'visible' or 'manifest'. Thus, it literally means 'to make not visible' or 'to make disappear'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, or a follower of Judaism. In its accusative plural form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions, indicating 'Jews' as the recipients of an action or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ' is derived from 'ΙΟΥΔΑ' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It signifies someone belonging to or originating from Judah.

G5586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psay-FEES-mah

Translations: decree, a decree, resolution, a resolution, vote, a vote

Notes: This word refers to a formal decision or resolution, typically one made by a public body or assembly, often through a process of voting. It signifies an official pronouncement or a legislative act. It can be used in sentences to describe a law, an edict, or a formal decision that has been passed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΨΗΦΙΣΜΑ (psephisma) is derived from the verb ψηφίζω (psēphizō), meaning 'to vote' or 'to count with pebbles', which in turn comes from ψῆφος (psēphos), meaning 'pebble' (used for voting or counting). Thus, it literally means 'that which has been voted on' or 'a decision made by voting'.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-toh

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, before, at the first, in the first

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' or 'foremost'. It is used to indicate something that is initial in time, order, or importance. In the dative case, as seen here, it often translates to 'at the first' or 'in the first' when referring to a time or place, or 'to the first' when indicating direction or recipient.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *per-, meaning 'forward' or 'through'. It is the superlative form of 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G3376, G3378

Part of Speech: Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: MAYN

Translations: month, a month, surely, indeed, truly, certainly

Notes: This word has two primary meanings in Koine Greek. As a noun (G3378), it refers to a 'month', a period of time. As an adverb (G3376), it functions as an emphatic particle, meaning 'surely', 'indeed', 'truly', or 'certainly', often used to confirm or emphasize a statement. It can also be used in questions to expect a positive answer.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Genitive, Dative; Adverb: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΣ, ΑΛΗΘΩΣ, ΟΝΤΩΣ

Etymology: The noun 'ΜΗΝ' (month) comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to the moon and its cycle. The adverb 'ΜΗΝ' (surely) is also of uncertain but ancient origin, possibly related to particles of affirmation.

G2089

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EH-tee

Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-bah-leh

Translations: he threw, she threw, it threw, he cast, she cast, it cast, he put, she put, it put

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw,' 'to cast,' or 'to put.' It describes a completed action in the past, performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). It is commonly used to describe the act of throwing an object, casting something down, or placing something in a particular location.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G2819

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLAY-roos

Translations: lots, shares, portions, inheritances

Notes: This word refers to a lot, such as one cast to make a decision, or a share or portion of something, often an inheritance or an assigned part. It is used in contexts where something is divided or allocated, or where a decision is made by chance or divine will through the casting of lots. It can also refer to a person's allotted destiny or inheritance.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'κλῆρος' (klēros) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient Greek word. It originally referred to a piece of wood or stone used for casting lots, and later came to mean the lot itself, and then the portion or inheritance determined by it.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1085

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-nos

Translations: race, kind, family, nation, offspring, stock, a race, a kind

Notes: This word refers to a group of people or things sharing a common origin, characteristic, or lineage. It can denote a family, a nation, a race, a species, or a type. It is often used to describe a lineage or descent, such as 'the race of Israel' or 'the family of David'. It can also refer to a general category or kind of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΗ, ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΣΠΕΡΜΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁- meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generation' in English.

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-peh-sen

Translations: he fell, it fell, he collapsed, it collapsed, he dropped, it dropped, he perished, it perished

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πίπτω' (pipto), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' fell, collapsed, dropped, or perished. It can be used in various contexts, from a physical fall to the collapse of a structure or the perishing of a person or thing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΣΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΠΕΣΕΝ

G2819

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-ros

Translations: lot, a lot, portion, a portion, inheritance, an inheritance, share, a share

Notes: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ (klēros) refers to a lot, a portion, or an inheritance. It is commonly used in the context of casting lots, which was a method of making decisions or determining an outcome, similar to drawing straws or rolling dice. It can also refer to a designated share, a piece of land, or an inheritance received.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine. This word inflects for number and case.

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to break' or 'to divide', referring to a piece of wood used for casting lots. Over time, it came to signify the lot itself, then the portion or inheritance determined by it.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G5067

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tes-sa-res-kai-DEK-a-teen

Translations: fourteenth, a fourteenth

Notes: This word is an ordinal adjective meaning 'fourteenth'. It is used to indicate the position in a sequence, such as 'the fourteenth day' or 'the fourteenth hour'. It is a compound word formed from 'τέσσαρες' (four), 'καί' (and), and 'δέκα' (ten), literally meaning 'four and tenth'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Koine Greek words 'τέσσαρες' (tessares, meaning 'four'), 'καί' (kai, meaning 'and'), and 'δέκα' (deka, meaning 'ten'), with the suffix '-τος' forming the ordinal number. It literally means 'four and tenth'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAL-eh-seh

Translations: he spoke, she spoke, it spoke, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It is used to describe the action of someone uttering words or communicating verbally. It can refer to speaking in general, or to saying something specific. In the provided examples, it describes someone speaking or saying something in a past context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΛΑΛΕΩ (LALEŌ) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering. It is found in various forms in ancient Greek literature.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentile, a Gentile, heathen, a heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it is frequently used in the plural (ἔθνη) to refer to 'the Gentiles' or 'the nations,' distinguishing non-Jewish peoples from the Jewish people. It can also simply mean a large group of people sharing common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group defined by common customs.

G1287

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ess-par-MEH-non

Translations: scattered, dispersed, a scattered one, a dispersed one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been scattered' or 'being in a state of having been scattered'. It describes something that has been spread out or dispersed over an area, often implying a wide distribution or separation. It can be used to describe people, objects, or even ideas that are spread out.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ex-AL-loy

Translations: other, different, strange, foreign

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'different'. It describes something that is distinct from what has been previously mentioned or is considered unusual or foreign. It is not a common word in the Koine Greek New Testament, but can be found in other Koine texts.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΙ, ΕΤΕΡΟΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ΑΛΛΟΙ (alloi), meaning 'others'. It emphasizes a distinction or difference from a group.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3878

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KOO-oo-see

Translations: they hear amiss, they disobey, they refuse to hear, they neglect to hear

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'amiss') and 'ἀκούω' (akouo, meaning 'to hear'). It signifies hearing incorrectly, hearing amiss, or, more commonly, hearing but failing to obey, thus disobeying or refusing to listen. It implies a deliberate act of not heeding what is heard, often with negative consequences.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ, ΑΘΕΤΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, 'beside, amiss') and ἀκούω (akoúō, 'to hear'). It literally means 'to hear beside' or 'to hear amiss', which evolved to mean 'to disobey' or 'to neglect to hear'.

G4851

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-FEH-reh

Translations: it is profitable, it is expedient, it is advantageous, it is useful

Notes: This word means to be profitable, advantageous, or expedient. It is often used impersonally, meaning 'it is profitable' or 'it is expedient' for someone or something. It can also mean to bring together or contribute.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΕΩ, ΛΥΣΙΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Thus, it literally means 'to bear together' or 'to bring together', which then developed the sense of 'to be profitable' or 'to be advantageous'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G1238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-GRAHP-soh

Translations: write off, erase, cancel, prescribe, describe, draw up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'διά' (through, across) and the verb 'γράφω' (to write). It generally means to write something down, often with the nuance of writing it completely, writing it off, or drawing it up. Depending on the context, it can mean to erase or cancel something written, to prescribe or designate something in writing, or to describe or delineate something.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΩ, ΕΚΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΓΡΑΦΩ (grapho), meaning 'to write'.

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-STEE-soh

Translations: I will present, I will stand by, I will place beside, I will show, I will bring before, I will offer

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi). It means 'I will present' or 'I will stand by'. It can refer to presenting a person or thing, offering something, or standing beside someone to assist or support them. The meaning can vary depending on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΞΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'παρίστημι' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, its core meaning is 'to stand beside' or 'to place beside'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-OON-toh

Translations: making, doing, performing, creating, working

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. In this specific form, it functions as a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action by the subject. It can also be interpreted as a third person plural imperative, meaning 'let them do' or 'they should do'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative; or Present, Active, Imperative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-ah-gah-GAYN

Translations: to bring in, to lead in, to introduce, to bring into

Notes: This word means to bring or lead someone or something into a place or situation. It describes the action of introducing or ushering something from an outside position to an inside one. It is often used in contexts of entering a house, a city, or a specific state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΕΙΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The compound verb literally means 'to lead into'.

G1049

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: gah-zoh-foo-LAH-kee-on

Translations: treasury, a treasury, money box, a money box, storehouse, a storehouse

Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'γάζα' (gaza), meaning 'treasure' or 'royal treasury', and 'φυλακή' (phylake), meaning 'a guard' or 'a keeping place'. It refers to a place where money or valuables are kept, such as a treasury, a storehouse, or a money box. It can be used to describe the temple treasury where offerings were deposited.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΤΑΜΕΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Persian loanword 'γάζα' (gaza), meaning 'treasure', and the Greek word 'φυλακή' (phylake), meaning 'a guard' or 'a keeping place'. It literally means 'treasure-keeping place'.

G3461

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: MOO-ree-ah

Translations: ten thousand, countless, innumerable, a myriad, myriads

Notes: This word refers to a very large, indefinite number, often specifically ten thousand. It can function as an adjective meaning 'countless' or 'innumerable', or as a noun referring to a 'myriad' or 'ten thousand'. In the provided examples, it is used to denote a large quantity of people or animals.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΡΟΣ, ΑΝΑΡΙΘΜΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *mey- meaning 'to diminish, to lessen'. In Greek, it evolved to refer to a very large, almost uncountable number, specifically ten thousand.

G4014

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: taking off, removing, taking away, having taken off, having removed, having taken away

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'περιαίρεω' (periaireō), meaning 'to take away from around', 'to remove', or 'to strip off'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject, often indicating a preceding or simultaneous action. It is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΔΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'περιαίρεω' (periaireō) is a compound of the preposition 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb 'αἱρέω' (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. This combination conveys the sense of taking something from around an object or person.

G4972

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: sfra-GHEE-sai

Translations: to seal, to set a seal upon, to mark with a seal, to secure, to authenticate, to confirm

Notes: This word means to seal, to set a seal upon, or to mark with a seal. It can be used literally, such as sealing a document or a tomb, or figuratively, meaning to authenticate, confirm, or secure something. In the provided context, it is used in the sense of sealing a book or a scroll.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive or Aorist Active Imperative (2nd person singular)

Synonyms: ΕΝΣΦΡΑΓΙΖΩ, ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek σφραγίς (sphragís, “a seal, signet”).

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ge-grah-MMEH-noh

Translations: to the one having been written, to the one written, for the one having been written, for the one written, by the one having been written, by the one written

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, indicating an action that has been completed and whose result is ongoing. It is in the dative case, which typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, or the recipient of an action, or means/instrument. Thus, it refers to something or someone 'to whom' or 'for whom' or 'by whom' something has been written. In context, it often refers to 'that which has been written' or 'the written (thing/law/scripture)'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on

Translations: silver, money, a silver, a money

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly, as silver coins or money. It is often used in contexts related to wealth, transactions, or payment. For example, it can refer to the price paid for something or the contents of a treasury.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word 'ἄργυρος' (argyros), meaning 'silver'. The suffix '-ιον' is a diminutive, but in this context, it often refers to a piece of silver or silver currency.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-kheh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, hold fast, be able, be, receive, get, take, obtain, contain, occupy, be subject to, be in a state of

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also convey concepts like possession, ability, or a state of being. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often indicating a relationship of possession, a state of being, or an action of holding or keeping. It is frequently used in various tenses and moods.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- ('to hold, to have'). It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G5530, G5531

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: KHROH

Translations: I use, I employ, I consult, I experience, I deal with, I proclaim, color, complexion, skin, surface

Notes: This word can function as a verb or a noun. As a verb, it means 'to use' or 'to employ,' often implying a habitual or customary use. It can also mean 'to consult' an oracle or 'to experience' something. As a noun, it refers to 'color,' 'complexion,' 'skin,' or 'surface,' often in the context of the body's surface or a visual hue. The meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive (for the verb); Singular, Nominative/Accusative (for the noun)

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΣΙΣ, ΧΡΩΜΑ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to furnish, provide.' The noun 'χρῶμα' (chroma) is derived from the verb, referring to the 'skin' or 'surface' that is 'used' or 'touched,' and later developing the meaning of 'color.'

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1122

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grah-mah-TAYSS

Translations: scribes, secretaries, clerks

Notes: This word refers to individuals who were skilled in writing, often serving as copyists, record-keepers, or public notaries. In ancient societies, especially in Jewish contexts, scribes were highly respected for their knowledge of the law and scriptures, often acting as interpreters and teachers. They could also serve in administrative roles for kings or officials.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΙ, ΝΟΜΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: From γράμμα (gramma, "a letter, writing") and the suffix -εύς (-eus, indicating an agent or profession). It literally means "one who deals with letters or writing."

Part of Speech: Ordinal Numeral, Adjective

Sounds like: trees-keh-DEH-kah-tay

Translations: thirteenth, a thirteenth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral, meaning 'thirteenth'. It is used to indicate position in a sequence, similar to how 'first', 'second', or 'third' are used in English. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. For example, it could describe 'the thirteenth day' or 'the thirteenth hour'.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Dative

Etymology: The word is a compound of τρίς (tris, 'thrice'), καί (kai, 'and'), and δέκατος (dekatos, 'tenth'). Literally, it means 'thrice and tenth', forming 'thirteenth'.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EG-rap-sen

Translations: he wrote, she wrote, it wrote

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to write'. It is in the past tense, indicating an action that was completed at a specific point in the past. It refers to the action of a single person or thing (he, she, or it) performing the writing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩ, ΑΝΑΓΡΑΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΡΑΦΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *gerbh-, meaning 'to scratch, to carve'. It originally referred to scratching or carving marks, which evolved into the meaning of writing.

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-khoo-see

Translations: they rule, they govern, they lead, they begin, they are first

Notes: This word is a verb indicating the action of ruling, governing, leading, or beginning. It is used to describe a group of people who are in a position of authority or who initiate an action. The meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, but it generally conveys the idea of being in charge or taking the lead.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΧΩ (archō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to begin, to rule'. It signifies both the commencement of an action and the exercise of authority.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0001

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ai-thi-o-PI-as

Translations: of Ethiopia

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'ΑΙΘΙΟΠΙΑ' (Aithiopia), which refers to the ancient region of Ethiopia. In ancient Greek texts, it typically denotes the land south of Egypt, often associated with the upper Nile region. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'ΑΙΘΙΟΠΙΑΣ' means 'of Ethiopia' or 'belonging to Ethiopia'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From Greek Αἰθίοψ (Aithíops), meaning 'burnt-face', referring to the dark complexion of its inhabitants. The name was applied to the region inhabited by these people.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0975, G5342

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bee-blee-oh-foh-RON

Translations: of those carrying books, of those bearing documents, of those bringing letters

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'βιβλίον' (book, scroll, document) and 'φέρω' (to carry, bear, bring). It refers to individuals who are in the act of transporting or delivering written materials, such as letters, scrolls, or official documents. It describes the function or role of such persons.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΡΑΜΜΑΤΟΦΟΡΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΟΦΟΡΩΝ

G1283

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ar-PAH-sai

Translations: to plunder, to seize, to carry off, to rob, to spoil

Notes: This word means to plunder, seize, or carry off something by force. It implies a violent or forceful taking of possessions or people. It can be used in contexts where someone is robbed or spoils are taken in war.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From διά (dia, 'through, thoroughly') and ἁρπάζω (harpazō, 'to seize, snatch'). It literally means 'to seize thoroughly' or 'to carry off completely'.

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tah

Translations: possessions, goods, property, a possession, existing things, things that exist

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'υπάρχω' (hyparchō), meaning 'to exist' or 'to be'. When used as a noun, it refers to one's existing things, possessions, or property. It describes what someone has or owns, often in a material sense. It can also refer to things that are currently in existence or are present.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ

G0499

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GRAF-on

Translations: copy, a copy, transcript, a transcript, duplicate, a duplicate

Notes: This word refers to a copy or a transcript of an original document. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is written in place of' or 'a counter-writing'. It is used to denote a reproduction of a text or record.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ, ΥΠΟΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It describes something written as a counterpart or reproduction of an original.

G3592

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TO-deh

Translations: this, this here, the following, a this

Notes: ΤΟΔΕ is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε. It is used to point to something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned, often translated as 'this' or 'this here'. It can also refer to something that is about to be mentioned, meaning 'the following'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΥΤΩΣ

Etymology: From the definite article ὁ (ho) and the enclitic particle -δε (-de), which indicates proximity or direction 'to here'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G5293

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-po-teh-tag-MEH-noys

Translations: to those who are subject, to those who are subordinate, to those who are obedient, to those who are in subjection

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been subjected' or 'those who have been subjected'. It describes individuals who are under the authority or control of another, implying a state of submission or obedience. It is often used to refer to people who are subordinate in rank or position.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΥΠΗΚΟΟΙΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PARX-as

Translations: having begun, having started, having ruled, having governed, having led

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'επαρχω' (eparxō), meaning 'to begin', 'to rule', 'to govern', or 'to lead'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It indicates someone who has completed the action of beginning, ruling, or leading.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΡΞΑΤΟ, ΗΓΗΣΑΤΟ, ΚΑΤΗΡΞΑΤΟ

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-kra-TAY-sas

Translations: having prevailed, having gained power, having overcome, having become strong, having gained the upper hand

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'epikrateō'. It describes an action of prevailing or gaining power that has been completed. It is used to indicate that someone has successfully overcome an obstacle, gained control, or become dominant in a situation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΗΣΑΣ, ΚΡΑΤΗΣΑΣ, ΥΠΕΡΙΣΧΥΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'epikrateō' is a compound of 'epi' (upon, over) and 'krateō' (to be strong, to rule). It literally means 'to be strong over' or 'to rule over', indicating the exercise of power or dominance.

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nays

Translations: of the inhabited earth, of the world, of the universe

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth or the whole world, often implying the Roman Empire or the known world at the time. It is a feminine noun and in this form, it indicates possession or origin, functioning as a genitive case. It describes something belonging to or coming from the inhabited world.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΥ, ΓΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. The word literally means 'the inhabited (land)' or 'the inhabited world'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G2300

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THRA-seh-ee

Translations: (to) boldness, (to) daring, (to) audacity, (to) confidence

Notes: This word refers to boldness, daring, or audacity. It describes a quality of being confident and courageous, sometimes to the point of being reckless or presumptuous. It is often used in a negative sense, implying insolence or overconfidence, but can also denote courage. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'with' boldness.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΑ, ΠΑΡΡΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΘΡΑΣΟΣ (thrasos) is derived from the verb θρασύνω (thrasynō), meaning 'to make bold' or 'to encourage'. It is related to θρασύς (thrasys), meaning 'bold' or 'courageous'.

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ROH-meh-nos

Translations: asking, questioning, inquiring, demanding, requesting

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'erotao', meaning 'to ask' or 'to question'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by or on the subject. In the middle voice, it emphasizes the subject performing the action for themselves or on themselves (e.g., 'asking for oneself'). In the passive voice, it indicates the subject being asked or questioned. It is often used to describe someone who is in the process of asking or making an inquiry.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'erotao' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ero' (to say, speak). It signifies the act of asking or questioning, often with an implication of seeking information or making a request.

G1933

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-eh-kee-STEH-ron

Translations: more gentle, more equitable, more reasonable, more fair, more mild

Notes: This word is the neuter singular nominative or accusative form of the comparative adjective derived from 'ΕΠΙΕΙΚΗΣ' (epieikes). It describes something that is more gentle, more equitable, or more reasonable than something else. It is used to indicate a higher degree of fairness, mildness, or forbearance.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative

Synonyms: ΗΠΙΩΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΡΑΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G4240

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: prah-OH-tay-tos

Translations: of meekness, of gentleness, of humility, of consideration

Notes: This word refers to the quality of meekness, gentleness, or humility. It describes a disposition that is mild, gentle, and considerate, often implying strength under control rather than weakness. It is used to describe a humble and patient attitude, especially in dealing with others.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ (praotēs) comes from the adjective πρᾶος (praos), meaning 'mild, gentle'. It describes a disposition that is calm and gentle, often associated with a humble and patient spirit.

G1334

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-eks-ah-GOHN

Translations: carrying through, leading through, conducting, bringing to an end, completing, managing, administering

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb διεξάγω (diexagō), meaning 'to lead through, carry through, bring to an end, or manage'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally (e.g., 'the one carrying through') or adverbially (e.g., 'while carrying through'). It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, 'through') and ἐξάγω (exagō, 'to lead out').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΛΩΝ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΟΙΚΩΝ

Etymology: The verb διεξάγω (diexagō) is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ἐξάγω (exagō), meaning 'to lead out' or 'to bring forth'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead through and out'.

G5293

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-teh-tag-MEH-non

Translations: of those who are subjected, of those who are subordinate, of those who are obedient, of those who are placed under

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ὙΠΟΤΆΣΣΩ (hypotassō), meaning 'to place under, to subject, to subordinate, to obey.' It describes individuals or things that have been placed under the authority or control of another, or who are in a state of submission or obedience. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing the state or action of being subjected.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΚΟΩΝ, ΔΟΥΛΩΝ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STAY-sai

Translations: to appoint, to establish, to set up, to make, to constitute, to place, to ordain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb καθίστημι. It means to set something or someone in a particular place or position, often with authority or purpose. It can be used to describe appointing someone to an office or position, establishing a rule or order, or simply placing something somewhere.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to set down' or 'to establish'.

G0979, G0980

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: BEE-oos

Translations: life, a life, lives, living, to live, they live

Notes: This word can be either a noun or a verb. As a noun (ΒΙΟΣ), it refers to life, especially the course of life or the means of living. As a verb (ΒΙΟΩ), it means 'to live' or 'to pass one's life'. In the provided examples, it appears to function as both a noun (referring to 'lives' or 'life') and a verb (meaning 'they live'). It is a compound word if it's an inflection of the verb ΒΙΟΩ, which is derived from the noun ΒΙΟΣ.

Inflection: Noun: Masculine, Accusative Plural; Verb: Present Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural, or Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΖΑΩ, ΖΗΝ

G2250

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: HEM-er-on

Translations: today, this day, a day

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ἥμερος' (hēmeros), meaning 'tame' or 'cultivated'. However, in Koine Greek, particularly in adverbial usage, 'σήμερον' (sēmeron) is the common word for 'today' or 'this day'. 'ΗΜΕΡΟΝ' appears to be a misspelling or a less common variant of 'σήμερον' (sēmeron) when used adverbially to mean 'today' or 'this day'. It functions to specify the current day.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter (adverbial use)

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΡΟΝ

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G3930

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-EX-oh-me-nos

Translations: about to provide, about to furnish, about to supply, about to cause, about to present, about to offer

Notes: This word is a future middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to furnish'. As a participle, it describes an action that is about to happen, indicating someone or something that is 'about to provide' or 'about to furnish'. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΩΝ, ΠΟΙΗΣΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩΝ

G0365

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-neh-OH-sas-thai

Translations: to renew, to be renewed, to make new again

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to renew' or 'to make new again'. It implies a process of restoration or transformation, bringing something back to a fresh or original state. It is often used in a spiritual or moral sense, referring to the renewal of one's mind or spirit.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΙΝΟΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up, again') and νεόω (neóō, 'to make new'), from νέος (néos, 'new'). It literally means 'to make new again'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nayne

Translations: peace, a peace, quietness, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can also denote prosperity, welfare, or security. In ancient Greek, it often implies the absence of war or civil strife, but can also refer to inner peace or a state of well-being. The form 'ΙΡΗΝΗΝ' is the accusative singular, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē) is of uncertain etymology, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement. It is related to the concept of a treaty or covenant that brings about peace.

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: py-THOH-meh-noo

Translations: having inquired, having asked, having learned, having heard, of one inquiring, of one asking, of one learning, of one hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to inquire' or 'to learn by inquiry'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone who has performed the act of asking, inquiring, or learning. It is often used to introduce a clause that explains what was learned or asked.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΑΚΟΥΩ

G4441

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: poon-THA-noh-meh-noo

Translations: (of) inquiring, (of) asking, (of) learning, (of) hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πυνθάνομαι', meaning 'to inquire', 'to ask', 'to learn', or 'to hear'. As a genitive participle, it often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of an action, such as 'while inquiring' or 'when he inquired'. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'of the one inquiring' or 'of the one learning'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΑΚΟΥΩ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: akh-THEY-ay

Translations: be led, be brought, be carried, be taken, be weighed down, be burdened

Notes: This word is a verb in the passive voice, indicating that the subject is acted upon rather than performing the action. It means 'to be led,' 'to be brought,' 'to be carried,' or 'to be taken.' In some contexts, particularly when referring to a burden or weight, it can mean 'to be weighed down' or 'to be burdened.' The form 'ΑΧΘΕΙΗ' specifically expresses a wish or possibility that something 'might be led,' 'might be brought,' or 'might be burdened.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Optative, Passive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4009

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEH-ras

Translations: end, a limit, a boundary, a goal, a conclusion

Notes: This word refers to an end, a limit, or a boundary. It can denote the termination of something, a physical border, or the ultimate goal or conclusion of an action or process. It is often used to indicate that something is without limit or endless when combined with a negative.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΟΡΙΟΝ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the root *per-, meaning 'to pass through, to go beyond'. It refers to the point where one passes through or reaches the limit.

G4997

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soh-froh-SOO-nay

Translations: sound-mindedness, self-control, self-discipline, prudence, moderation, a sound mind

Notes: This word refers to the quality of having a sound mind, characterized by self-control, moderation, and prudence. It implies a balanced and disciplined way of thinking and living, often in contrast to excess or impulsiveness. It is used to describe a state of inner harmony and sensible judgment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ, ΝΗΦΑΛΙΟΤΗΣ, ΣΩΦΡΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek adjective σώφρων (sōphrōn), meaning 'sound-minded, self-controlled', which is a compound of σῶς (sōs, 'safe, sound') and φρήν (phrēn, 'mind, intellect'). The suffix -σύνη (-synē) forms abstract nouns.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1308

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-eh-neng-KAS

Translations: having carried through, having differed, having excelled, having been superior, having borne, having endured

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb "διαφέρω" (diafero), which is a compound word formed from "διά" (dia, meaning through or apart) and "φέρω" (phero, meaning to carry or bear). Depending on context, it can mean to carry through, to differ, to excel, or to be superior. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb, often translated as "having carried through" or "having excelled."

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΕΧΩ

G2133

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-NOY-ah

Translations: goodwill, favor, kindness, affection, a good will

Notes: Eunoia refers to the disposition of having a good will or favorable inclination towards someone. It describes a state of kindness, benevolence, or affection. It can be used to express a positive regard or a friendly attitude, often implying a desire for someone's well-being.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗ, ΦΙΛΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words 'eu' (good) and 'nous' (mind), literally meaning 'good-mindedness' or 'goodness of mind'.

G0277

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-pah-ral-LAK-tos

Translations: unalterably, unchangeably, without variation, without change, without shadow of turning

Notes: This word describes something that remains constant and unchanging, without any deviation or alteration. It emphasizes immutability and steadfastness. It is used to describe an action or state that is performed or exists in a way that is absolutely consistent and not subject to change.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΤΑΘΕΤΩΣ, ΑΚΛΙΝΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΑΠΑΡΑΛΛΑΚΤΟΣ (aparallaktos), meaning 'unchangeable, unvarying', which is formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) and 'παραλλάσσω' (parallassō), meaning 'to vary, to change'.

G584

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-po-deh-DIG-meh-nos

Translations: demonstrated, shown, proved, appointed, declared, made known

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, indicating a state of having been demonstrated, shown, or proved. It describes something that has been clearly and conclusively established or appointed. It can also refer to someone who has been publicly declared or made known in a specific role.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΕΙΓΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΦΑΝΕΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΕΧΕΙΡΟΤΟΝΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tee

Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief, a trust

Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can also denote faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe belief in God or Christ, but also in secular contexts to describe trust or loyalty between people. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the root ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded'. It conveys the idea of being convinced or having confidence in something or someone.

G1083

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GEH-ras

Translations: privilege, a privilege, gift, a gift, honor, an honor, reward, a reward

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a privilege, a gift, an honor, or a reward. It often denotes a special mark of respect or a prize given for achievement or status. It can be used in contexts where something is given as a due or a right, rather than a mere gratuity.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΤΙΜΗ, ΜΙΣΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'γέρας' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of old age and the respect or privileges associated with it.

G0667

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-peh-NEEN-ehg-meh-noss

Translations: carried away, brought back, borne away, having been carried away, having been brought back, having been borne away

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb ἀποφέρω (apopherō), meaning 'to carry away' or 'to bring back'. As a perfect passive participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, with the subject being the recipient of the action. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or verbally, indicating a completed state of being carried or brought.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποφέρω (apopherō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear', 'to carry', or 'to bring'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-SAIS

Translations: to all, for all, with all, by all, all

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate the totality or entirety of something. As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. In this form, it is used with feminine plural nouns in the dative case, often indicating the means, instrument, or indirect object.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (to protect, pasture, feed). It developed into the sense of 'all' or 'every' in Greek.

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nayn

Translations: the inhabited earth, the world, the Roman Empire, the whole world

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, often specifically denoting the Roman Empire in the context of the New Testament, or more broadly, the entire world. It describes the portion of the earth that is populated by humans, as opposed to uninhabited wilderness. It is derived from the verb 'οἰκέω' (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit', and thus literally means 'that which is inhabited'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present passive participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' or 'that which is inhabited'.

G0366

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-ME-mikh-theh

Translations: was mixed up, had been mixed up, was mingled, had been mingled

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'αναμιγνυμι' (anamignymi), meaning 'to mix up' or 'to mingle'. The provided form 'ΑΝΕΜΕΜΙΧΘΕ' appears to be a misspelling or variant of 'ΑΝΑΜΕΜΙΧΘΕ', which is the 3rd person singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Passive form of the verb. It describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action, indicating that something had been mixed or mingled.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Pluperfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

G3396

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-MEH-mikh-theh

Translations: you have been mixed, you have been mingled, you have been intermingled

Notes: This word is the second person plural, perfect indicative passive form of the verb ἀναμίγνυμι (anamignymi), meaning 'to mix up, to mingle, to intermingle thoroughly'. It describes a state of having been mixed or intermingled. For example, it could be used to say 'you (plural) have been mixed with them'.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Perfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΚΕΡΑΝΝΥΜΙ

G1419

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doos-MEH-nay

Translations: hostile, ill-disposed, unfriendly

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is hostile, ill-disposed, or unfriendly. It indicates an antagonistic or malevolent attitude. It is often used to describe enemies or those who bear ill will.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ΔΥΣ- (dys-), meaning 'bad, difficult, ill', and ΜΕΝΟΣ (menos), meaning 'mind, spirit, passion'. Thus, it literally means 'ill-minded' or 'ill-spirited'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G0499

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: an-TEE-too-pon

Translations: antitype, a copy, a figure, a pattern, corresponding to

Notes: This word is a compound word formed from 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'corresponding to', and 'τυπος' (typos), meaning 'type', 'pattern', or 'figure'. It refers to something that corresponds to or is prefigured by another thing, often an earlier, less complete representation. It can describe a copy or a counterpart that fulfills or matches an original pattern or type. In theological contexts, it often refers to a reality that corresponds to an Old Testament type or shadow.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΗΜΑ, ΟΜΟΙΩΜΑ, ΕΙΚΩΝ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'corresponding to', and the noun 'τυπος' (typos), meaning 'a blow, impression, mark, or pattern'. It literally means 'that which corresponds to a type'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G3879

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-PEM-pon-tes

Translations: sending, escorting, referring, dismissing, conveying

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'πέμπω' (pempo), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it describes an action of sending, escorting, or referring someone or something alongside or to a particular place or person. It can also mean to dismiss or convey. Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often implying a transfer or delegation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΠΕΜΠΩ

G3889

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-PEM-pon-tas

Translations: sending, escorting, referring, dispatching, conducting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'alongside' or 'by', and 'πέμπω' (pempo), meaning 'to send'. It generally means to send alongside, to escort, to dispatch, or to refer someone or something. It can be used in contexts of sending someone on their way, accompanying them, or directing them to another authority or place.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΠΕΜΠΩ

G2698

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-TEE-thes-theh

Translations: to lay down, to put down, to deposit, to store up, to place, to set, to put, to pay, to render

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. It generally means to lay something down, to deposit it, or to store it away. In a financial context, it can mean to pay or render an amount. It is used in the middle voice, indicating that the action is performed by the subject for their own benefit or interest.

Inflection: Present Tense, Middle Voice, Imperative Mood, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΘΗΣΑΥΡΙΖΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G2720

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tef-thoo-no-MEH-neen

Translations: directed, guided, straightened, made straight, a directed, a guided

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κατευθύνω', meaning 'to direct' or 'to guide'. It describes something that is being directed, guided, or made straight. It is used to indicate an action that is ongoing or has been completed, affecting the subject in a passive sense.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΟΔΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΗΝ, ΔΙΕΥΘΥΝΟΜΕΝΗΝ

Etymology: The word 'κατευθύνω' is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and 'εὐθύνω' (euthynō), meaning 'to make straight' or 'to guide'. It implies a strong or decisive direction.

G1247

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ay-lee-FO-tes

Translations: having taken hold of, having distinguished, having understood, having apprehended, those who have taken hold of, those who have distinguished, those who have understood, those who have apprehended

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb διαλαμβάνω (dialambanō), meaning to take hold of, to distinguish, to understand, or to apprehend. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has completed the action of taking hold, distinguishing, or understanding. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, through, apart) and λαμβάνω (lambanō, to take, to receive).

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: moh-NOH-tah-ton

Translations: most alone, most solitary, most unique, a most unique thing

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ' (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only'. Therefore, 'ΜΟΝΩΤΑΤΟΝ' means 'most alone', 'most solitary', or 'most unique'. It describes something that is singular or unparalleled in its isolation or distinctiveness. It is used to emphasize an extreme degree of uniqueness or solitude.

Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'μόνος' (monos), meaning 'alone' or 'only'. The suffix '-τατος' (-tatos) is used to form the superlative degree of adjectives in Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-tee-pa-ra-go-GAY

Translations: counter-argument, counter-production, counter-development, a counter-argument, a counter-production, a counter-development

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from 'αντι' (anti, meaning 'against' or 'opposite') and 'παραγωγη' (paragoge, meaning 'production' or 'derivation'). It refers to the act of producing something in opposition or as a counter-argument, or a counter-development. In rhetorical contexts, it can mean a counter-argument or a refutation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: This word is a compound of 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and 'παραγωγη' (paragoge), meaning 'production' or 'derivation'. It is formed from ancient Greek roots.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-ah

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, adverse, a hostile, an opposite

Notes: This word describes something that is opposite, contrary, or hostile to something else. It can refer to a physical position (facing opposite) or a metaphorical opposition (being against someone or something). It is often used to describe an opposing force, an adversary, or a conflicting idea. In the provided examples, it describes an 'opposite way' or being 'opposite' to someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἐναντίος (enantios) is derived from the Greek preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the noun ἀντίος (antios, 'opposite, facing'). It describes something that is 'in opposition' or 'facing against'.

G3929

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-rah-go-GAY

Translations: procession, a procession, going forth, a going forth, production, a production, leading forth, a leading forth, departure, a departure

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning a 'leading forth,' 'procession,' 'production,' or 'departure.' It describes the act of bringing something out or causing it to come into being. It can refer to a physical movement, like a procession, or a more abstract concept like the creation or emergence of something. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'from') and 'ἄγω' (ago, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΔΟΣ, ΠΡΟΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word παραγωγή (paragōgē) is derived from the verb παράγω (paragō), meaning 'to lead past,' 'to bring forth,' or 'to produce.' It combines the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside,' 'alongside,' or 'from,' with the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.'

G2758

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-NOO-meh-noh

Translations: emptying, making empty, humbling, abasing, divesting, making of no effect

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'κενόω' (kenoō), meaning 'to empty' or 'to make empty'. In a theological context, it can refer to Christ 'emptying himself' (kenosis) by divesting himself of his divine prerogatives and taking on human form. It can also describe the act of humbling or abasing oneself, or making something of no effect.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle or Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΕΝΟΩ, ΑΔΥΝΑΤΕΩ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ

G3579

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kseh-NEE-zoo-sah

Translations: strange, foreign, unusual, astounding, surprising, a strange, an unusual

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'xenizo'. It describes something that is strange, foreign, or unusual, often in a way that is surprising or astounding. It can be used to describe events, customs, or people that are unfamiliar or unexpected. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being strange or surprising.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΤΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΟΞΟΣ

G3579

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kseh-NEE-zoh-san

Translations: strange, foreign, to entertain, to lodge, to be a stranger, to be surprised, to be astonished, to be amazed

Notes: This word describes something as strange or foreign, or the act of treating someone as a stranger, or entertaining them as a guest. It can also mean to be surprised or astonished by something unusual or unexpected. In a sentence, it might describe an event that is unusual or a person who is a guest.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΚΕΩ, ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΕΩ

G3883

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-ral-LAS-son

Translations: changing, varying, shifting, altering, a changing thing, that which changes

Notes: This word describes something that changes, varies, or shifts. It implies a deviation or alteration from a fixed state. As a participle, it can function adjectivally to describe a noun that is changing, or adverbially to describe an action that involves change.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑΣΣΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, 'beside, by') and ἀλλάσσω (allássō, 'to change'). It literally means 'to change alongside' or 'to change by the side of', implying a deviation or variation.

G3883

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-ral-LAX-in

Translations: change, variation, alteration, shifting

Notes: This word refers to a change, variation, or alteration, particularly in a position or state. It implies a deviation or shifting from a previous condition or standard. It is often used to describe a lack of constancy or stability.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΟΛΗ, ΑΛΛΑΓΗ

Etymology: From the verb παραλλάσσω (parallassō), meaning 'to change, vary, deviate', which is formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and ἀλλάσσω (allassō, 'to change').

G1414

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: dys-NO-oon

Translations: being ill-disposed, being disaffected, being hostile, a hostile one, the hostile ones

Notes: This word is a compound word, formed from the prefix δύς (dys), meaning 'bad' or 'difficult', and νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is ill-disposed, disaffected, or hostile. It can function adjectivally to describe a noun, or substantively as 'one who is hostile' or 'those who are hostile'. As a verb form, it indicates the action of being ill-disposed or hostile.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular; or Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΥΣΝΟΕΩ is a compound of the prefix δύς (dys-), meaning 'bad, difficult, ill-', and νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'. It literally means 'to think badly' or 'to be ill-minded'.

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-roys

Translations: our, our own, our people, our things

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'our own'. It is used to indicate possession by the first person plural (we). It can refer to people ('our people') or things ('our things') belonging to 'us'. In this form, it is a plural dative, meaning 'to/for our' or 'with/by our'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ, ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek pronoun ἡμεῖς (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from the first person plural pronoun.

G4229

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PRAG-ma

Translations: thing, a thing, matter, deed, business, affair, event

Notes: This word refers to a 'thing' in a general sense, encompassing objects, events, actions, or matters. It can denote a concrete object, an abstract concept, a legal or business affair, or an accomplished deed. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΧΡΗΜΑ, ΥΠΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do, to accomplish, to act'. It refers to something done or a result of an action.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: kheh-REE-stah

Translations: worst, the worst, very bad, most evil, most wicked

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of badness, translating to 'worst' or 'most evil'. It can be used to describe things, actions, or people as being of the lowest quality or most morally corrupt. In the neuter plural, as seen in the examples, it often refers to 'the worst things' or 'the worst deeds'.

Inflection: Superlative, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΣΤΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΤΑΤΑ, ΑΝΟΜΩΤΑΤΑ

Etymology: The root word 'κακός' (kakos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages, but its precise etymology is debated.

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-teh-LOON

Translations: they complete, they finish, they accomplish, they bring to an end, they bring about, they perform, they fulfill

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to completion, finishing a task, or accomplishing a goal. It implies a thorough and definitive end to an action or process. It can also refer to the performance of a duty or the fulfillment of a prophecy. In the provided context, it is used to describe people completing or bringing about actions.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kah

Translations: evil things, bad things, evils, misfortunes, troubles, a bad thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. As 'ΚΑΚΑ', it typically functions as a neuter plural noun or adjective, referring to 'evil things', 'bad things', 'misfortunes', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are morally wrong, harmful, or unpleasant. For example, it can be used to speak of calamities or wicked deeds.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΑ, ΦΑΥΛΑ, ΒΛΑΒΕΡΑ

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TIN-kha-ni

Translations: to obtain, to happen, to meet, to attain, to be, to be present, to fall to one's lot

Notes: This word is the third person singular present active indicative form of the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ. It means 'he/she/it obtains,' 'he/she/it happens,' 'he/she/it meets,' or 'he/she/it attains.' It describes an action that is currently taking place or is a general truth. In some contexts, it can also mean 'to be' or 'to be present,' especially when referring to something that falls to one's lot or is encountered.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to hit' or 'to obtain.' It is an ancient Greek verb that has been in use since classical times.

G4591

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: say-meh-NOH-meh-noos

Translations: showing, indicating, signifying, making known, pointing out, revealing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ (sēmainō), meaning 'to show, signify, indicate, or make known'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'showing', 'indicating', or 'making known', depending on the context. It describes someone or something that is in the process of revealing or pointing something out.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Accusative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Feminine Gender

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-GRAH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) written, (to) those who have been written, (to) things written

Notes: This word is the dative plural perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It refers to something that has been written or to those who have been written about. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often referring to 'the things written' or 'those who have been written'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ

G5021

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-TAG-meh-noo

Translations: of having been appointed, of having been ordered, of having been arranged, of having been set, of having been assigned

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been appointed' or 'having been ordered'. It describes something that has been set in order, arranged, or assigned to a specific place or task. It is used to modify a noun, indicating that the noun has undergone the action of being ordered or arranged.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From an assumed root *TAG-, meaning 'to arrange, put in order'.

G5021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-TAG-meh-noo

Translations: of having been appointed, of having been ordered, of having been arranged

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the perfect passive participle of the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō), meaning 'to arrange, appoint, order'. The provided word 'ΤΕΤΑΓΝΕΝΟΥ' appears to be a misspelling or scribal error for 'ΤΕΤΑΓΜΕΝΟΥ' (tetagmenou), which is the correct form. It describes something that has been arranged or appointed.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G2189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ekh-THROH

Translations: to an enemy, for an enemy, by an enemy, with an enemy, an enemy

Notes: This word refers to an enemy or adversary. It is the dative singular form of the noun 'echthros', indicating the indirect object of an action or the means by which something is done. It can also be used to express association or accompaniment.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'echthros' comes from a primary word 'echtho' (to hate). It is related to the concept of hatred and hostility.

G0400

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-eh-oo

Translations: without, apart from, besides

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'without' or 'apart from'. It is always followed by a noun in the genitive case, indicating separation or absence. For example, it can be used to say 'without water' or 'apart from him'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'αν-' (an-) meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'ευ' (eu), which is related to 'εὖ' (eu) meaning 'well' or 'good', or possibly from a root meaning 'to be'. The combination signifies the absence of something.

G3628

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oyk-TROO

Translations: of wretched, of miserable, of pitiable, of lamentable

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'οἰκτρός' (oiktros), meaning wretched, miserable, or pitiable. It describes something or someone that evokes pity or compassion due to their unfortunate state. In the provided context, it appears to be a variant or misspelling of 'οἴκτου' (oiktou), which is the genitive singular of 'οἶκτος' (oiktos), meaning 'pity' or 'compassion'. The example usage suggests it refers to a 'voice of lamentation' or 'voice of pity'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΟΣ, ΑΘΛΙΟΣ

G5067

Part of Speech: Adjective, Ordinal Number

Sounds like: tes-sa-res-KAI-de-tee

Translations: fourteenth, a fourteenth, the fourteenth

Notes: This word is an ordinal number meaning 'fourteenth'. It is a compound word formed from 'τέσσαρες' (four) and 'δέκα' (ten), with the suffix '-τη' indicating the ordinal form. It is used to denote the position in a sequence, such as 'the fourteenth day' or 'the fourteenth hour'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Koine Greek words 'τέσσαρες' (tessares), meaning 'four', and 'δέκα' (deka), meaning 'ten', with the ordinal suffix '-τη'.

G3819

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-LAI

Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently

Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.

G0972

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: bee-AH-ee-ohs

Translations: violently, forcibly, by force, with force

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'βίαιος' (biaios), meaning 'violent'. It describes an action performed with force, compulsion, or violence. It indicates that something is done in a forceful or aggressive manner, often against resistance or naturally occurring processes. For example, water might be carried 'violently' by the wind.

Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form)

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΙΩΣ, ΒΙΑΣΤΩΣ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΣΤΙΚΩΣ

G86

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: HAH-den

Translations: Hades, (to) Hades, (into) Hades, (to) the grave, (into) the grave, (to) death, (into) death, (to) the underworld, (into) the underworld

Notes: This word refers to the realm of the dead, often personified as a god. In ancient Greek thought, it was the place where all souls went after death, not necessarily a place of punishment like 'hell' in later Christian theology, but simply the abode of the departed. It can also refer to the grave or death itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΤΑΡΟΣ, ΓΕΕΝΝΑ

Etymology: The word 'ᾍδης' (Hades) is of uncertain origin, but it is traditionally understood to mean 'the unseen one' or 'the invisible place', possibly from a- ('not') and idein ('to see').

G2718

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tel-THON-tes

Translations: having come down, descending, going down

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having come down' or 'descending'. It describes an action that has been completed before or at the time of the main verb. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down) and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (to come or go). It is used to describe someone or something that has moved from a higher place to a lower one.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΙΩΝ

G3328

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: met-ep-EYE-tah

Translations: afterward, thereafter, later, then

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'afterward' or 'thereafter'. It is used to indicate a sequence of events, showing that something happened at a later time than what was previously mentioned. It can be used to connect clauses or sentences, indicating a subsequent action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΥΣΤΕΡΟΝ, ΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'after' or 'with', and the adverb ΕΠΕΙΤΑ (epeita), meaning 'then' or 'thereupon'.

G2156

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-STA-thay

Translations: stable, steadfast, firm, constant, a stable, a steadfast, a firm, a constant

Notes: This word describes something that is stable, steadfast, or firm. It implies a lack of wavering or change, suggesting reliability and constancy. It can be used to describe a person's character, a foundation, or a situation that is secure.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΑΣΑΛΕΥΤΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΣΤΑΘΗΣ (eustathēs) is derived from the Greek prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to make to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'well-standing' or 'standing well'.

G0814

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-TAH-rah-khon

Translations: undisturbed, unperturbed, tranquil, calm, an undisturbed (thing)

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is free from disturbance, trouble, or agitation. It conveys a sense of peace, tranquility, or calmness. It can be used to describe a state of mind, a situation, or an environment that remains steady and unruffled.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΟϹ, ΓΑΛΗΝΟϹ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the privative alpha (α-) meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'ταραχή' (tarachē), meaning 'disturbance' or 'trouble'. Thus, it literally means 'without disturbance'.

G0815

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-TAH-rah-khah

Translations: tranquility, imperturbability, calmness, undisturbed, unperturbed, a tranquility, an imperturbability

Notes: This word is a compound word formed from the alpha privative 'α-' (meaning 'not') and 'ταραχή' (meaning 'trouble' or 'disturbance'). As a noun, it refers to a state of freedom from disturbance, trouble, or agitation, signifying tranquility or imperturbability. As an adjective, it describes something or someone as undisturbed, calm, or unperturbed. It is often used in philosophical contexts to describe a desired state of mind.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine (as a noun); or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter (as an adjective or noun)

Synonyms: ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΗΣΥΧΙΑ, ΕΙΡΗΝΗ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (alpha privative), meaning 'not' or 'without', combined with 'ταραχή' (tarachē), meaning 'trouble', 'disorder', or 'agitation'. Thus, it literally means 'without trouble' or 'without disturbance'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-loos

Translations: of an end, of a goal, of a completion, of a purpose, of a result, of a tax, of a custom, of a toll

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the neuter noun 'telos'. It refers to an end, a goal, a completion, a purpose, or a result. In some contexts, it can also refer to a tax, custom, or toll. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions or verbs.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- 'to lift, support, weigh'. The word evolved to mean a 'standing place', then 'boundary', and finally 'end' or 'goal'.

G0499

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-GRA-fah

Translations: copies, transcripts, duplicates

Notes: This word refers to written copies or transcripts of documents. It is a compound word formed from 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and 'γραφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is written in return' or 'a counter-writing', implying a copy. It is typically used to refer to multiple copies of a text, such as letters, decrees, or other official documents.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΑ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΑ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix 'αντι' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in return for', and 'γραφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. The noun 'αντιγραφον' is formed from this combination, referring to something written in response or as a copy.

G1620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-e-TI-the-toh

Translations: he was explaining, he was expounding, he was setting forth, he was exposing, he was putting out

Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'εκτιθημι' (ektithēmi). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, indicating that someone was explaining, expounding, setting forth, or exposing something. It is a compound word formed from 'εκ' (out) and 'τιθημι' (to place, to put).

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΔΗΛΟΩ

G4367

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-TAH-gee

Translations: it was commanded, he was commanded, she was commanded, it was ordered, he was ordered, she was ordered

Notes: This word is the 3rd person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'prostassō', meaning 'to command' or 'to order'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject of the verb was the recipient of a command or order. For example, 'it was commanded' or 'he/she was ordered'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koh-thoh-NIZ-on-toh

Translations: they drank, they caroused, they reveled, they drank deeply

Notes: This word describes the act of drinking deeply, carousing, or reveling, often implying excessive or celebratory drinking. It is derived from 'κώθων' (kōthōn), a Laconian drinking cup, suggesting a connection to the use of such a vessel for drinking. The form 'ΕΚΩΘΩΝΙΖΟΝΤΟ' indicates an action that was ongoing in the past, performed by a group of people, and is in the middle or passive voice, though in this context, it functions as a middle voice, meaning 'they themselves drank deeply' or 'they caroused'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΘΥΣΚΟΜΑΙ, ΠΙΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΚΩΘΩΝΙΖΩ is derived from the noun ΚΩΘΩΝ (kōthōn), which refers to a Laconian drinking cup, particularly one used by Spartan soldiers. The suffix -ιζω indicates a verb formed from a noun, meaning 'to act like' or 'to use' the noun. Thus, it means 'to use a kōthōn' or 'to drink like one using a kōthōn'.

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ta-RAS-seh-toh

Translations: he was troubled, he was stirred up, he was agitated, he was disturbed

Notes: This word describes a state of being troubled, agitated, or disturbed, often internally or emotionally. It can refer to a person's mind being stirred up by fear, anxiety, or confusion, or to a physical disturbance like water being stirred. It is used to convey a sense of inner turmoil or external commotion.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΑΛΕΥΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4172