2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-FEI-loh-men

Translations: we ought, we owe, we must, we should, we are indebted

Notes: This word means 'we ought' or 'we owe'. It is used to express a moral obligation, a duty, or a necessity. It can also refer to a financial debt or an obligation to pay something. In the provided examples, it consistently conveys a sense of 'we ought' or 'we must' do something.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὀφείλω (opheilō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to be indebted' or 'to owe'. It is related to concepts of obligation and debt.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G0700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-RES-kin

Translations: to please, to be pleasing, to be agreeable, to seek to please, to try to please

Notes: This word describes the act of pleasing someone or something, or of being agreeable. It can also imply an effort to gain favor or approval. It is often used in contexts where one's actions or character are evaluated based on whether they are pleasing to God, to others, or to oneself. It can also refer to the act of being content or satisfied.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΕΩ, ΕΥΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀρέσκω (areskō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἄρα (ara), an ancient particle indicating fitness or suitability. It conveys the idea of fitting well or being agreeable.

G4139

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-see-on

Translations: near, nearby, neighbor, a neighbor, one's neighbor

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'nearby', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used substantively as a noun, typically in the neuter singular, to refer to 'one's neighbor' or 'the person next to you'. When used as a noun, it often refers to a fellow human being, emphasizing a relationship of proximity or community.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular (when used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

G0700

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-RES-keh-toh

Translations: let it please, let it be pleasing, let it be agreeable, let it satisfy

Notes: This word is a verb in the imperative mood, indicating a command or strong suggestion. It means 'to please' or 'to be agreeable to' someone or something, often implying a desire to satisfy or be acceptable. It is used to express that something should be pleasing or satisfactory.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Imperative Mood

Synonyms: ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΕΩ, ΙΚΑΝΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἀρέσκω (areskō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἄρω (arō), meaning 'to fit, join, adapt', suggesting a sense of fitting in or being agreeable.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-gah-THON

Translations: good, a good thing, what is good, beneficial, virtuous

Notes: This word describes something as good, beneficial, or virtuous. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its positive quality. It can also be used substantively as a neuter noun, meaning 'a good thing' or 'what is good', referring to a moral or material benefit.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'good' or 'able'. It has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3619

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEN

Translations: building, a building, edification, a structure, construction

Notes: This word refers to the act of building or constructing something, or to the resulting structure itself. In a metaphorical sense, it can also mean 'edification' or 'spiritual building up,' referring to the process of strengthening or improving someone's character or faith. It is often used in contexts related to the growth and development of the church or individual believers.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΙΑ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOS

Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OOKH

Translations: no, not, never, by no means

Notes: This word is a negative adverb used to express absolute negation. It is typically used before a vowel with a rough breathing mark (like 'ουχί' or 'οὐχ') or before a consonant with a smooth breathing mark (like 'οὐκ'). It denies a statement or fact, indicating that something is not true or does not exist. It can be used to negate verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂u- meaning 'not'. It is an ancient Greek negative particle.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOH

Translations: (to) himself, (for) himself, (to) herself, (for) herself, (to) itself, (for) itself, (to) themselves, (for) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the clause. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject itself. It can be used for singular or plural subjects, and its specific meaning (himself, herself, itself, themselves) depends on the gender and number of the subject it refers to. In this dative form, it often conveys the sense of 'to' or 'for' the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G3680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-nee-DIS-moy

Translations: reproaches, insults, disgrace, shames, revilings

Notes: This word refers to acts of reproach, insult, or disgrace. It describes the state of being subjected to scorn or contempt, often implying public humiliation or verbal abuse. It is typically used in contexts where someone is being reviled or slandered.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΝΕΙΔΗ, ΥΒΡΕΙΣ, ΑΙΣΧΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word ΟΝΙΔΙΣΜΟΣ (oneidismos) derives from the verb ΟΝΕΙΔΙΖΩ (oneidizo), meaning 'to reproach' or 'to revile'. This verb itself comes from ΟΝΕΙΔΟΣ (oneidos), meaning 'reproach' or 'blame'.

G3679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-ney-DI-zon-ton

Translations: of those who reproach, of those who revile, of those who insult, of those who upbraid

Notes: This word is the genitive plural participle of the verb 'ΟΝΕΙΔΙΖΩ' (oneidizo), meaning to reproach, revile, insult, or upbraid. It describes the action of someone casting blame or scorn upon another. In this form, it refers to 'those who are doing the reproaching' or 'those who are reviling'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΗΡΕΑΖΟΝΤΩΝ, ΥΒΡΙΖΟΝΤΩΝ

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-peh-san

Translations: they fell, they fell upon, they fell down, they prostrated themselves

Notes: This is the 3rd person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πίπτω' (pipto), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action of falling that occurred in the past and is completed. It can be used to describe people or objects falling, or metaphorically, to fall upon someone (as in an attack or a sudden event), or to prostrate oneself in worship or submission.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G4270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-eg-ra-FEE

Translations: was written beforehand, was publicly portrayed, was announced beforehand, was previously written

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'πρό' (before) and 'γράφω' (to write). It means to write or record something in advance, or to publicly display or announce something beforehand. In some contexts, it can refer to something being clearly set forth or portrayed before one's eyes.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'πρό' (pro, meaning 'before') and 'γράφω' (graphō, meaning 'to write'). The combination signifies writing or setting forth something in advance or publicly.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-rah

Translations: our, ours

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by the first person plural (we). It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show that something belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'our land'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ (hēmeteros) is derived from the first person plural pronoun ΗΜΕΙΣ (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from this pronoun.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-mo-NAYS

Translations: of endurance, of patience, of perseverance, of steadfastness

Notes: This word refers to the act of remaining under or enduring, often with a sense of steadfastness or patient waiting. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under', and 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It describes the capacity to bear up under difficult circumstances without giving in or losing hope, often implying an active, rather than passive, resistance to adversity. It can be used in contexts of enduring trials, waiting patiently for a promise, or steadfastly holding to one's faith.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΙΑ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΑ, ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΜΟΝΗ (hypomonē) is derived from the Greek preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It literally means 'a remaining under' or 'a patient enduring'.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: grah-FOHN

Translations: writing, drawing, recording, one who writes, he who writes

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to write' or 'to draw'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the writing man'), or substantivally, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who writes'). It can also imply the act of recording or registering something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΡΑΦΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΩΝ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EKH-oh-meh

Translations: we may have, let us have, that we may have, we might have, we should have

Notes: ΕΧΩΜΕ is an inflected form of the verb ΕΧΩ (echo), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. This particular form, ΕΧΩΜΕ, is the first person plural present active subjunctive. It is used to express a wish, a possibility, a command, or a purpose, often translated as 'we may have' or 'let us have'. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'that we may have peace'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G5426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fro-NEEN

Translations: to think, to have in mind, to set one's mind on, to be minded, to be disposed, to be intent on, to be arrogant, to be conceited

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneo). It describes the act of thinking, having a particular mindset, or being disposed towards something. It can also imply setting one's mind on a goal or, in a negative sense, being arrogant or conceited. It is used to express mental activity, intention, or attitude.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΕΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΦΡΟΝΕΩ (phroneo) is derived from the noun φρήν (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. It signifies the exercise of the mind or intellect.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3661

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: oh-moh-thoo-MAH-doh

Translations: with one accord, unanimously, together, with one mind

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'with one accord' or 'unanimously'. It describes an action performed by a group of people who are in complete agreement or have a single purpose. It emphasizes unity of mind, spirit, or will, indicating that everyone involved acts together without dissent. It is often used to describe the collective action of a community or assembly.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΩΝΩΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΣ

Etymology: The word is derived from the combination of ὅμος (homos), meaning 'same' or 'one', and θυμός (thymos), meaning 'spirit' or 'mind'. The suffix -αδόν forms an adverb, indicating 'in the manner of' or 'with'.

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-TEER

Translations: father, a father, (of) father, (to) father

Notes: This is a scribal abbreviation for the Koine Greek word ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to a male parent or an ancestor. It can also be used metaphorically for a founder, originator, or a respected elder. The overline indicates that it is an abbreviation, with the missing letters (ΤΗ) being implied.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΡΟΓΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word found across many Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G4355

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-lam-BAH-nes-thai

Translations: to receive, to take to oneself, to take along, to accept, to welcome, to admit

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'πρός' (towards, to) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to receive). It means to take something or someone to oneself, implying acceptance, welcome, or inclusion. It can refer to receiving a person into fellowship, taking food, or accepting an idea. It is often used in the middle voice to emphasize the action being done for oneself or to oneself.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G4355

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-e-LA-be-toh

Translations: received, accepted, welcomed, took to himself, took along

Notes: This word describes the act of taking someone or something to oneself, receiving them, or welcoming them. It often implies an act of acceptance, hospitality, or taking into fellowship. It can also mean to take along or to assume something. The middle voice, as used here, emphasizes that the action is done for oneself or to oneself.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-geh-NEES-thai

Translations: to have become, to have been, to have been born, to have happened, to have come into being

Notes: This is the perfect middle or passive infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It can be used to express that something has come into existence, has occurred, or has been born. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'He believed it to have happened' or 'It was thought to have been born'.

Inflection: Perfect, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝΑΙ, ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ

G4061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: peh-ree-toh-MACE

Translations: of circumcision, a circumcision

Notes: This word refers to the act of circumcision, a religious or cultural practice involving the removal of the foreskin. It can also refer to the state of being circumcised. In a broader sense, it can be used metaphorically to describe a spiritual cutting away or purification.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΒΥΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek περιτέμνω (peritemnō, “to cut around”), from περί (perí, “around”) + τέμνω (témnō, “to cut”).

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1843

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-oh-moh-loh-GAY-soh-mai

Translations: I will confess, I will acknowledge, I will praise, I will give thanks

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εκ' (out of, from) and 'ομολογεω' (to confess, to agree). It signifies a full and open confession, acknowledgment, or declaration, often with an implication of praise or thanksgiving. It can be used to confess sins, acknowledge truth, or give thanks to God.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle Voice, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΕΩ, ΑΙΝΕΩ

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

G1867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-py-neh-SAH-toh-sahn

Translations: let them praise, they should praise, let them commend, they should commend

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to praise,' 'to commend,' or 'to approve.' It is used to express an act of giving honor, approval, or commendation to someone or something. In this specific form, it is an imperative, indicating a command or exhortation for a group of people to perform the action of praising or commending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΕΥΛΟΓΕΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tai

Translations: will be, shall be, it will be, it shall be

Notes: This word is the third person singular future indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies an action or state that will occur in the future. It is commonly used to express future existence, occurrence, or a future state of being, often translated as 'will be' or 'shall be'. For example, 'it will be done' or 'he will be there'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive (deponent in future)

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (to be). It is a very ancient and fundamental verb in the Greek language, tracing its roots back to the earliest stages of Indo-European.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4491

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RI-zah

Translations: root, a root, source, origin, descendant

Notes: This word refers to the part of a plant that grows underground and absorbs nutrients, or metaphorically, the source or origin of something. It can also refer to a descendant or offspring, as a 'root' from which a family line grows. It is used in various contexts to denote the foundation or beginning of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΗΓΗ, ΑΡΧΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΡΙΖΑ' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'root'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G450

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nis-TAH-noh-meh-nos

Translations: rising up, standing up, being raised up, being restored

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle, meaning it describes an ongoing action. It can be translated as 'rising up,' 'standing up,' or 'being raised up/restored.' It indicates someone or something in the process of getting up, standing, or being brought back to life or a previous state. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun).

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: EGEIROMENOS, ANABAINON

Etymology: The word ἀνίστημι (anistēmi) is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.' Thus, it literally means 'to stand up' or 'to raise up.'

G0757

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AR-khein

Translations: to rule, to govern, to lead, to begin, to be first, to hold dominion

Notes: ΑΡΧΕΙΝ is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΑΡΧΩ. It signifies the action of ruling, governing, leading, or beginning. It can be used in sentences where the subject is performing the action of exercising authority or initiating something.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΡΧΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to begin, to lead, to be first'. It is related to words signifying origin, beginning, and authority.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ei-REE-nes

Translations: of peace, of quietness, of rest, of prosperity

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'eirene,' meaning peace. It refers to a state of tranquility, quietness, rest, or prosperity. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something. Thus, 'eirenes' would typically be translated as 'of peace' or 'belonging to peace,' indicating a quality or state associated with peace.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΕΡΕΜΙΑΣ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-een

Translations: to believe, to trust, to have faith, to be convinced

Notes: This word means to believe, to trust, or to have faith in someone or something. It implies a conviction or reliance. It is often used in the New Testament to describe faith in God or Jesus Christ, indicating a deep conviction and commitment. It can also be used in a more general sense of believing a statement or a person.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ (pisteuō) comes from the Greek word ΠΙΣΤΙΣ (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. It is related to the concept of being persuaded or convinced.

G4052

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SEV-een

Translations: to abound, to be over and above, to excel, to be left over, to have in abundance, to overflow

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to have an abundance of something, to be more than enough, or to excel. It can describe a surplus of material possessions, spiritual blessings, or even a superabundance of something negative. It is often used to indicate a state of overflowing or exceeding a certain measure.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ, ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-PEE-dee

Translations: to hope, to expectation, to trust, to confidence, to a hope, to an expectation, to a trust, to a confidence

Notes: This word refers to the concept of hope, expectation, or trust. It is used to express a confident anticipation of something, often something good or desired. In the provided examples, it appears in the dative case, indicating the object to which the hope or expectation is directed, often translated with 'to' or 'in'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-PIS-mai

Translations: I have been convinced, I have been persuaded, I have been entrusted

Notes: This word is the first person singular, perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō). It indicates a state of having been convinced or persuaded, or having had something entrusted to oneself, with the resulting state continuing into the present. It describes a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΑΙ, ΠΕΠΙΣΤΕΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō) comes from 'πίστις' (pistis), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. It is related to the concept of being firm, reliable, or trustworthy.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G3324

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MES-toy

Translations: full, filled, full of, filled with

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being full or filled with something. It is often used with the genitive case to indicate what it is full of. For example, 'full of wisdom' or 'filled with joy'. It can describe a container, a person's state, or an abstract concept.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΗΣ, ΓΕΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΤΟΣ (mestos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the verb μέω (meō), meaning 'to be full'.

G4137

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pep-lay-ROH-me-noy

Translations: filled, having been filled, completed, having been completed, fulfilled, having been fulfilled

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been filled' or 'having been completed'. It describes a state of being full or complete as a result of a past action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can be used to describe someone or something that has been made full, accomplished, or brought to an end.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩ, ΠΛΗΘΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-noy

Translations: being able, able, powerful, mighty, capable

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that possesses the ability, power, or capability to do something. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are strong, mighty, or competent.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ

G5112

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: tol-may-ROH-teh-ron

Translations: bolder, more boldly, more daring, more daringly, more courageous, more courageously

Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'bold' or 'daring'. It can function as an adjective meaning 'bolder' or 'more daring', or as an adverb meaning 'more boldly' or 'more daringly'. It describes an action or quality that exhibits a greater degree of boldness or courage than usual.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Adverbial (comparative)

Synonyms: ΘΡΑΣΥΤΕΡΟΝ, ΕΝΤΟΛΜΟΤΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ (tolmēros) comes from the verb τολμάω (tolmaō), meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'.

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EG-rap-sa

Translations: I wrote, I have written

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It indicates a completed action in the past, specifically 'I wrote' or 'I have written'. It is used to describe an action of writing that occurred at a specific point in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerbh- 'to scratch, carve'. The meaning evolved from 'to scratch, engrave' to 'to write'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1878

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pah-nah-mim-NEES-kohn

Translations: reminding again, recalling again, bringing to mind again

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefixes 'epi-' (upon, in addition), 'ana-' (again, back), and the verb 'mimnesko' (to remind or remember). It means to remind someone again, to bring something back to their mind, or to recall something repeatedly. It implies a renewed or repeated act of reminding or remembering.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ, ΥΠΟΜΙΜΝΗΣΚΩ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G3011

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lee-toor-GON

Translations: minister, a minister, servant, a servant, public servant, a public servant, public worker, a public worker

Notes: This word refers to a public servant or minister, someone who performs a service for the community or for God. It implies a person engaged in a public or sacred duty, often in an official capacity. In the New Testament, it is frequently used to describe those who serve in a religious or spiritual capacity, such as apostles or deacons, or even Christ himself as a minister of the sanctuary.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Part of Speech: Numeral, Abbreviation

Sounds like: KHEE-oo

Translations: 600, 400, 614, 610, 616, 618, 620, 624, 628, 630, 634, 638, 640, 644, 648, 650, 654, 658, 660, 664, 668, 670, 674, 678, 680, 684, 688, 690, 694, 698, 700, 704, 708, 710, 714, 718, 720, 724, 728, 730, 734, 738, 740, 744, 748, 750, 754, 758, 760, 764, 768, 770, 774, 778, 780, 784, 788, 790, 794, 798, 800, 804, 808, 810, 814, 818, 820, 824, 828, 830, 834, 838, 840, 844, 848, 850, 854, 858, 860, 864, 868, 870, 874, 878, 880, 884, 888, 890, 894, 898, 900, 904, 908, 910, 914, 918, 920, 924, 928, 930, 934, 938, 940, 944, 948, 950, 954, 958, 960, 964, 968, 970, 974, 978, 980, 984, 988, 990, 994, 998, 1000

Notes: This combination of letters, ΧΥ, is not a standalone word in Koine Greek. It is most likely an abbreviation or a numeral. In the Greek numeral system, Χ represents 600 and Υ represents 400. When these letters appear together, especially with a keraia (a small mark resembling an apostrophe) after them, they can represent a number. For example, ΧΥ' would represent 600 + 400 = 1000. Without the keraia, it could be an abbreviation for a word starting with Χ and ending with Υ, or a combination of two separate abbreviations. Given the context of ancient texts, it is most commonly interpreted as a numerical value or part of a larger word.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: This is not a word with a traditional etymology, but rather a combination of two Greek letters used as numerals or abbreviations. Χ (Chi) is the 22nd letter of the Greek alphabet, and Υ (Upsilon) is the 20th letter.

G2418

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hee-eh-roor-GOON-tah

Translations: ministering, performing sacred service, serving as a priest, offering

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hierourgeō', meaning to perform sacred service or to act as a priest. It describes someone who is actively engaged in a religious or sacred ministry, often implying the offering of sacrifices or the performance of priestly duties. It can be used to describe a person who is ministering the Gospel.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ, ΘΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

G2098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on

Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, a good news

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'good news' or 'gospel'. It refers to a message of good tidings, particularly in the New Testament, the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is often used to refer to the Christian message itself or one of the four books that tell the story of Jesus' life and teachings.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἀγγελία (angelia), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'. Thus, it literally means 'good message' or 'good announcement'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G4376

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-fo-RAH

Translations: offering, an offering, sacrifice, a sacrifice, gift, a gift

Notes: This word refers to an offering or sacrifice, typically something brought or presented to God or a deity as an act of worship or devotion. It can also refer more generally to a gift or presentation. It is often used in a religious context, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, to describe various types of offerings, including burnt offerings, grain offerings, or other sacrificial gifts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΣΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΩΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσφέρω (prospherō, “to bring to, offer”), from πρός (pros, “to, toward”) + φέρω (pherō, “to bear, carry”).

G2144

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-pros-DEK-tos

Translations: acceptable, well-pleasing, welcome, agreeable

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'acceptable' or 'well-pleasing'. It describes something that is received favorably or is agreeable. It is a compound word formed from 'ευ' (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and 'προσδεκτος' (prosdektos), meaning 'received' or 'acceptable'. Thus, it literally means 'well-received' or 'good to be received'. It is often used to describe offerings, sacrifices, or actions that are pleasing to God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΚΤΟΣ, ΕΥΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ, ΑΡΕΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΠΡΟΣΔΕΚΤΟΣ (prosdektos), which itself comes from ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (prosdechomai), meaning 'to receive favorably' or 'to welcome'.

G0037

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: hee-gee-ah-SMEH-nee

Translations: sanctified, holy, consecrated, a sanctified one, a holy one

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ἁγιάζω' (hagiazo), meaning 'to sanctify' or 'to make holy'. As an adjective, it describes something or someone that has been set apart, made sacred, or consecrated for a divine purpose. It can also function as a substantive, referring to a person or thing that is sanctified.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΚΑΘΑΡΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tol-MAY-soh

Translations: I will dare, I will be bold, I will presume, I will venture

Notes: This word means to dare, to be bold, or to presume. It indicates an act of courage or audacity, often implying a willingness to take a risk or to speak or act despite potential opposition or danger. It is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb ΤΟΛΜΑΩ.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΧΕΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΛΜΑΩ comes from the ancient Greek noun ΤΟΛΜΑ (tolma), meaning 'courage' or 'daring'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of enduring or bearing.

G5111

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tol-MEH-oh

Translations: I dare, I am bold, I am courageous, I venture

Notes: This verb signifies to dare, to be bold, or to venture. It implies having the courage or audacity to do something, often in the face of potential danger or opposition. It can be used in contexts where someone takes a risk or acts with confidence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΝΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek root τολμα (tolma), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness'. It reflects the concept of having the spirit to undertake something challenging.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LEEN

Translations: to speak, to talk, to say, to tell, to proclaim

Notes: This word means to speak or to talk. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to speaking in tongues, proclaiming the Gospel, or simply engaging in conversation. The form 'ΛΑΛΙΝ' is a common variant or aorist infinitive form of 'ΛΑΛΕΩ', meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

Etymology: From an onomatopoeic root, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering. It is related to the English word 'lullaby' and 'lallation'.

G2716

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-ter-GAH-sah-toh

Translations: he worked out, she worked out, it worked out, he accomplished, she accomplished, it accomplished, he produced, she produced, it produced, he brought about, she brought about, it brought about, he committed, she committed, it committed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'intensifying') and the verb ἐργάζομαι (ergazomai, meaning 'to work'). It means to work out, accomplish, produce, bring about, or commit something, often with a sense of completion or thoroughness. It can be used to describe the completion of a task, the production of a result, or the commission of an act, whether good or bad.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pa-KO-ayn

Translations: obedience, submission, a hearkening, an obedience, a submission

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΥΠΑΚΟΗΝ (hypakoēn), which is the accusative singular form of the noun ΥΠΑΚΟΗ (hypakoē). It refers to the act of listening attentively and consequently obeying or submitting to authority. It implies a readiness to hear and comply with instructions or commands.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΙΑ, ΥΠΟΤΑΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΑΚΟΗ (hypakoē) is derived from the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb ΑΚΟΥΩ (akouō), meaning 'to hear'. Thus, it literally means 'to hear under' or 'to listen attentively', leading to the sense of obedience or submission.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G4592

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: say-may-OHN

Translations: of signs, of marks, of tokens, of wonders, of miracles

Notes: This word refers to a sign, mark, or token, often indicating something else or serving as a distinguishing feature. In a broader sense, it can also denote a wonder or miracle, especially one that serves as proof or evidence of divine power or a significant event. It is used to refer to things that point to or signify something else.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΡΑΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to σῆμα (sēma), meaning 'sign' or 'mark'.

G5059

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: teh-RAH-toh

Translations: to a wonder, to a marvel, to a sign, to a portent

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'τέρας' (teras), meaning a wonder, marvel, or sign. It is often used in the plural, 'τέρατα' (terata), in conjunction with 'σημεῖα' (semeia, signs) to refer to miraculous deeds or extraordinary events, especially those performed by God or His agents. The dative case indicates the indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: Spirit, a Spirit, wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (PNEUMA), meaning 'Spirit', 'wind', or 'breath'. It is often used to refer to the Holy Spirit, but can also denote a human spirit, a demonic spirit, or even a physical wind or breath. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to breathe', related to the concept of air in motion. It developed to encompass both physical breath/wind and the non-physical spirit.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pep-lay-RO-kay-nai

Translations: to have fulfilled, to have completed, to have filled, to have made full, to have accomplished

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'πληρόω' (plēroō). It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results are still relevant or ongoing. It is often used to express the idea of bringing something to its full measure, completion, or fulfillment.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: From 'πλήρης' (plērēs), meaning 'full', and the suffix '-όω' (-oō), which forms verbs. The word signifies the act of making something full or complete.

G5389

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: fee-loh-tee-MOU-meh-non

Translations: being ambitious, striving, making it one's ambition, making it one's aim, being eager, being zealous

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'philotimesthai'. It describes someone who is ambitious, eager, or zealous to achieve something, often with a sense of honor or a desire to excel. It implies a strong personal commitment or a point of honor in undertaking an action. It can be used to describe someone who makes it their aim or strives earnestly to accomplish a goal.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΥΔΑΖΩ, ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΠΡΟΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

G2097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-ang-ghel-ID-zes-thai

Translations: to preach the gospel, to bring good news, to proclaim good tidings, to evangelize

Notes: This word means to announce good news, to preach the gospel, or to evangelize. It is often used in the context of proclaiming the message of salvation or the Kingdom of God. It describes the act of sharing joyful tidings, particularly those related to the Christian faith. The word is a compound of 'eu' (good) and 'angelizomai' (to announce, from 'angelos' meaning messenger).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek adverb ΕΥ (EU), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the verb ΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ (ANGELIZO), meaning 'to announce' or 'to bring a message'. The latter is derived from ΑΓΓΕΛΟΣ (ANGELOS), meaning 'messenger'. Thus, it literally means 'to bring good news'.

G2310

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-MEH-lee-on

Translations: foundation, a foundation, base, a base, groundwork, a groundwork

Notes: This word refers to the base or groundwork upon which something is built, whether literally, like the foundation of a building, or figuratively, like the fundamental principles of a belief system. It signifies the lowest supporting part of a structure or the underlying basis of an idea.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΣ, ΥΠΟΒΑΘΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning "to place" or "to set," indicating something that is laid down as a base.

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOH

Translations: I build, I construct, I edify, I restore, I rebuild

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'οἶκος' (oikos), meaning 'house', and 'δέμω' (demo), meaning 'to build'. It literally means 'to build a house' or 'to construct a dwelling'. In a broader sense, it is used to mean 'to build' or 'to construct' anything. Metaphorically, it can mean 'to edify' or 'to build up' someone spiritually or morally, referring to strengthening their faith or character. It can also mean 'to restore' or 'to rebuild' something that has been damaged or destroyed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound of ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling', and ΔΕΜΩ (demo), meaning 'to build'. It signifies the act of constructing a building, particularly a house, and extends metaphorically to building up or edifying.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G4920

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-SOO-sin

Translations: understand, comprehend, perceive, consider, discern, be wise

Notes: This word means to understand, comprehend, or perceive something. It implies a deep understanding or insight, often involving the ability to put things together or grasp their meaning. It can also mean to be wise or to act wisely. It is often used in contexts where someone gains knowledge or insight into a situation or teaching.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΝΟΕΩ

G1465

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-KOP-toh-meen

Translations: I was hindered, I was prevented, I was cut off

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΕΝΕΚΟΠΤΟΜΗΝ. It is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb ΕΓΚΟΠΤΩ (egkopto), meaning 'to cut into, to impede, to hinder, to prevent'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, where the subject was being hindered or prevented from doing something. It implies an obstruction or an obstacle that made progress difficult or impossible.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the verb ΚΟΠΤΩ (kopto), meaning 'to cut' or 'to strike'. The compound verb thus means 'to cut into' or 'to cut off', leading to the sense of hindering or impeding.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, one who has, he who has

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of having or holding, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can refer to someone who is in possession of something, or simply to someone who is in a certain state or condition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EL-thin

Translations: to come, to go, to arrive

Notes: ΕΛΘΙΝ is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to come' or 'to go', often used to express purpose, result, or as the object of another verb. For example, 'he desired to come' or 'they were ready to go'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The root verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erǵʰ-, meaning 'to go, to move'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek and has cognates in other Indo-European languages.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LOH

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G1679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-PEE-zoh

Translations: hope, expect, trust, believe

Notes: This verb means to hope, to expect, or to trust in something or someone. It implies a confident expectation or a strong belief in a future event or outcome. It can be used to express a general sense of hope or a specific expectation regarding a particular situation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to anticipate' or 'to look forward to'. It is related to the noun 'ελπίς' (elpis), meaning 'hope'.

G1279

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-por-YOO-oh-men-os

Translations: passing through, going through, traveling through, journeying through

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to journey'. Therefore, it means 'to go through' or 'to pass through'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of moving from one point to another, traversing a space or region. It is often used to describe travel or movement through a specific location.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕΥΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΩΝ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2300

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: theh-AH-sah-sthai

Translations: to see, to behold, to gaze upon, to look at, to observe

Notes: This word means to look at something with attention, often implying observation, contemplation, or a spectacle. It suggests a more deliberate and focused act of seeing than simply perceiving with the eyes. It can be used to describe watching a performance, observing a scene, or beholding something with wonder.

Inflection: Aorist, Infinitive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek root 'θεάομαι' (theaomai), meaning 'to behold, to gaze upon', which is related to 'θέα' (thea), meaning 'a sight, a spectacle'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G4311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-pem-FTHAY-nye

Translations: to be sent on one's way, to be escorted, to be accompanied, to be helped on one's journey

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from πρό (pro, 'before, forward') and πέμπω (pempō, 'to send'). It means to be sent forward, to be escorted, or to be helped on one's journey. It implies providing assistance or companionship for someone departing or traveling.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

Etymology: The word προπέμπω is derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward,' and the verb πέμπω (pempō), meaning 'to send.' It literally means 'to send forward.'

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1705

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-PLEES-thoh

Translations: be filled, be satisfied, be full, be sated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be filled' or 'to be satisfied'. It is often used in contexts where someone is filled with food, drink, or a particular emotion or spiritual quality. It can also imply being sated or having one's desires met. As an imperative, it functions as a command or exhortation for someone to be filled or satisfied.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΘΗΤΩ, ΓΕΜΙΣΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἐμπλήθω (emplethō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb πλήθω (plēthō), meaning 'to fill'.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-YOO-oh-my

Translations: I go, I come, I depart, I travel, I walk

Notes: This word is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive grammatical form but an active meaning. It describes the act of moving from one place to another, whether by walking, traveling, or simply going. It can be used in various contexts to indicate movement, departure, or arrival.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: From an assumed derivative of the root of Ancient Greek πόρος (poros, 'a passage, a ford').

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sah-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ἹΕΡΟΥΣΑΛΗΜ (Hierousalem), which refers to the city of Jerusalem. It is a proper noun, used to denote the ancient capital of Judea and a significant religious site. The spelling '‾ΙΗΛΜ‾' appears to be a common scribal variant or a slight misspelling of the standard abbreviation '‾ΙΛΗΜ‾' for ἹΕΡΟΥΣΑΛΗΜ.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Does not inflect (as a proper noun)

Etymology: The name Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem) is of Hebrew origin, derived from יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim). It is believed to mean 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.

G1247

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ah-koh-nee-SOHN

Translations: will serve, going to serve, about to serve, to serve

Notes: This word is a future active participle derived from the verb ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ, meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that will happen in the future. It can describe someone who is about to serve or whose purpose is to serve.

Inflection: Future, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ

G1247

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-ko-NOHN

Translations: of those serving, of those ministering, of those waiting on, of those attending

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diakoneō', meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister'. It describes the action of serving, ministering, or waiting on someone or something. In this form, it refers to 'those who are serving' or 'those who are ministering', indicating a group of people engaged in such activity.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΩΝ

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: AH-gee-oys

Translations: (to) holy, (to) holy ones, (to) saints

Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, sacred, or set apart for God. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its sacred quality. When used as a noun, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. In the provided examples, it functions as a noun in the dative plural, indicating a group of 'holy ones' or 'saints' to or among whom an action is directed or a state exists.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

G2106

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-do-KAY-san

Translations: they were well pleased, they approved, they delighted, they were pleased, they thought good

Notes: This word describes a state of being well-pleased, approving, or delighting in something. It implies a favorable disposition or a decision made with satisfaction. It is often used to express God's approval or pleasure in a person or action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΗΡΕΣΑΝ, ΕΥΦΡΑΝΘΗΣΑΝ, ΑΡΕΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὐδοκέω (eudokeō), a compound of εὖ (eu, 'well') and δοκέω (dokeō, 'to seem, to think, to suppose'). It literally means 'to seem well' or 'to think well of'.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-kah-ee-DOH-nee-ah

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: Macedonia refers to an ancient region and Roman province located north of Greece. In the New Testament, it is frequently mentioned as a significant area where the Apostle Paul traveled and established early Christian communities. It is a geographical proper noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, referring to the land of the Macedonians. It is believed to be derived from an ancient Greek word meaning 'tall' or 'highlanders', possibly describing the inhabitants or the mountainous terrain.

G0882

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-KHAH-yah

Translations: Achaia

Notes: Achaia refers to a Roman province in ancient Greece, encompassing the Peloponnese and parts of central Greece. It was a significant administrative and geographical region during the New Testament period, often mentioned in connection with the apostle Paul's missionary journeys.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Achaia is of ancient Greek origin, referring to the Achaeans, one of the principal tribes of ancient Greece. It was later adopted by the Romans to designate their province.

G2842

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-noh-nee-AH

Translations: fellowship, a fellowship, communion, a communion, participation, a participation, sharing, a sharing, contribution, a contribution, partnership, a partnership

Notes: This word refers to a close association involving mutual interests, sharing, and participation. It can describe a spiritual bond, a joint venture, or a contribution made to a common cause. It is often used in the context of Christian fellowship or sharing in the divine nature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common' or 'shared'. It refers to the state of having something in common or sharing in something.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-ay-SAH-sthai

Translations: to make for oneself, to do for oneself, to cause to be done, to perform, to accomplish

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). In the middle voice, the action of the verb is performed by the subject for its own benefit or with a direct involvement of the subject in the result. Therefore, it means 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', often implying an action that the subject causes to happen or performs for their own advantage or interest.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΙ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΣΘΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hah-GHEE-ohn

Translations: of holy ones, of saints, of holy things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'hagios', meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used substantively, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. It describes something belonging to or associated with those who are set apart for God or dedicated to a sacred purpose. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the words of the holy ones' or 'the temple of holy things'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ, ΚΑΘΑΡΩΝ

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-fei-LEH-tai

Translations: it is necessary, it is proper, it is due, it is fitting, it is right, ought, must, should, it is owed, it is indebted

Notes: This word is the third person singular present passive indicative form of the verb ΟΦΕΙΛΩ (opheilō). It means 'it is necessary,' 'it is proper,' 'it is due,' or 'it is fitting.' It is often used impersonally to express obligation, duty, or what is owed, similar to 'one ought' or 'it must be done.' It conveys a sense of moral or legal obligation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ, ΠΡΕΠΕΙ

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G4152

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pnev-ma-ti-KOYS

Translations: spiritual, (to) spiritual things, (to) spiritual people

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΙΚΟΙΣ (pneumatikois), meaning 'spiritual'. It describes something pertaining to the spirit, whether it's a spiritual person, spiritual gift, or spiritual matter. It is often used in contrast to that which is physical or worldly. In this form, it indicates the dative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' spiritual things/people, or the locative case, meaning 'in' or 'among' spiritual things/people.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΘΕΙΟΣ

G3784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-fei-LOO-sin

Translations: they owe, they are indebted, they are obliged, they ought, they must

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a state of owing, being indebted, or being under an obligation. It can also express a moral necessity, meaning 'ought' or 'must'. It is used to describe what people are bound to do, either financially, morally, or legally. This form is the third person plural, indicating that 'they' are the ones who owe or are obliged.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙ, ΧΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὀφείλω (opheilō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to bind' or 'to be under obligation'.

G3008

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lee-toor-GAY-sai

Translations: to minister, to serve, to perform a public service, to officiate, to worship

Notes: This word describes the act of performing a public service, often with a religious or official connotation. It can refer to serving in a priestly capacity, carrying out a public duty, or engaging in acts of worship or ministry. It implies a dedicated and often formal service.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: From the noun λειτουργία (leitourgia), meaning 'public service' or 'ministry', which is a compound of λεῖτος (leitos, 'public') and ἔργον (ergon, 'work').

G2005

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-teh-LEH-sas

Translations: having completed, having finished, having performed, having accomplished

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'epiteleō', meaning to bring to an end, to complete, or to accomplish. It describes an action that has been fully carried out or brought to a successful conclusion. It is often used to indicate the completion of a task, a promise, or a prophecy.

Inflection: Participle, Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΑΣ, ΠΟΙΗΣΑΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'epiteleō' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, over, in addition to) and the verb 'teleō' (to finish, complete, bring to an end). It signifies the bringing of something to a full and final completion.

G4972

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: sfra-gee-SA-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those who sealed, (to) those having sealed, (to) those who marked, (to) those having marked, (to) those who certified, (to) those having certified

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'sphragizo', meaning 'to seal', 'to mark with a seal', or 'to certify'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by someone or something, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to a group of people who have performed the action of sealing or marking themselves, or who have been sealed/marked. The dative case indicates that they are the indirect object of an action or the recipients of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΕΝΣΦΡΑΓΙΖΩ, ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ

G2590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-PON

Translations: fruit, a fruit, produce, crop, result, profit

Notes: This word refers to the fruit or produce of plants, trees, or the earth. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the result, outcome, or profit of actions or endeavors. In the provided examples, it refers to the literal fruit of plants.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ (karpos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LEF-soh-mai

Translations: I will go away, I will depart, I will leave

Notes: This is a future tense form of the verb 'ἀπέρχομαι' (aperchomai), meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It describes an action of moving from one place to another, specifically indicating a departure or withdrawal. It implies a future action that the speaker will undertake.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΩ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπέρχομαι (aperchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. Thus, it literally means 'to go away from'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having come to know. It can refer to knowing facts, understanding concepts, or being acquainted with people or things. It often implies a deep, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual acquaintance.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the English word 'wit'. It originally meant 'to have seen' (perfect tense of 'to see'), and thus 'to know' (from having seen).

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ER-kho-meh-nos

Translations: coming, going, the one coming, he who comes, about to come

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the process of coming or going. It can also refer to someone who is 'about to come' or 'the one who comes'. Its meaning is dynamic, indicating movement towards or away from a point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek, used to describe various forms of movement.

G4138

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: play-ROH-mah-tee

Translations: (to) fullness, (to) completion, (to) fulfillment, (to) what fills, (to) a full complement

Notes: This word refers to the state of being full or complete, or the act of filling something. It can also denote that which fills or completes something, such as a full complement of people or things, or the fulfillment of a prophecy or time. In some contexts, it can refer to the divine fullness or the totality of God's attributes.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ

G2098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-oo

Translations: of the gospel, of good news, of a gospel, of a good news

Notes: This word refers to 'good news' or 'glad tidings', often specifically referring to the Christian message of salvation. It is used to describe the message proclaimed by Jesus and his followers. In a sentence, it would typically follow a preposition or be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the power of the gospel' or 'the word of good news'. The apostrophe in ΕΥΑΓʼΓΕΛΙΟΥ is a coronis, indicating an elision, but in this specific word, it's likely a scribal mark or a variant spelling rather than a true elision of two words, as the word itself is 'euangelion'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (euangelion) is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angello), meaning 'to announce' or 'to proclaim'. Thus, it literally means 'good announcement' or 'good message'.

G4866

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ah-goh-nee-SAH-sthai

Translations: to contend with, to struggle together, to strive together, to help in a struggle, to assist in a contest

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'ἀγωνίζομαι' (to contend, struggle). It means to join in a struggle or contest with someone, to strive alongside them, or to assist them in their efforts. It implies a shared effort or a cooperative struggle towards a common goal. This form is an aorist infinitive, indicating an action completed or viewed as a whole, without specific reference to time, and often used to express purpose or result.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΜΑΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ (agonizomai), meaning 'to contend' or 'to struggle'. The latter is derived from ΑΓΩΝ (agon), meaning 'a gathering', 'a contest', or 'a struggle'.

G4506

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ry-STHOH

Translations: to be rescued, to be delivered, to be saved, may be rescued, may be delivered, may be saved

Notes: This word means to rescue, deliver, or save someone or something from danger, evil, or an undesirable situation. It implies protection and preservation. ΡΥΣΘΩ is an inflected form, specifically the first person singular, aorist passive subjunctive, indicating a potential or desired action of being rescued or delivered.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΕΞΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ

G0000

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pee-THOO-non-TON

Translations: of disobedient ones, of those who are disobedient, of unbelievers, of those who refuse to believe, of those who are unpersuaded

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine participle of the verb 'ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ' (apeitheō), meaning 'to disobey,' 'to be disobedient,' 'to refuse to believe,' or 'to be unpersuaded.' It describes a group of people who are characterized by their disobedience or lack of faith/persuasion. The provided examples show it used in contexts referring to those who are disobedient or unbelieving.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΩΝ, ΑΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΩΝ

G1248

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-koh-NEE-ah

Translations: service, a service, ministry, a ministry, administration, an administration, relief, ministration

Notes: This word refers to the act of serving or ministering, often in a religious or charitable context. It can describe the performance of duties, the provision of aid, or the office of a minister or servant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΥΠΗΡΕΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΚΟΝΙΑ (diakonia) comes from the verb διακονέω (diakoneō), meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister', which itself is derived from διάκονος (diakonos), meaning 'servant' or 'minister'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, in, among, until, unto, a, one

Notes: This word is most commonly a preposition meaning 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or purpose. It can also function as a numeral meaning 'one' or 'a single one'. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often indicating direction, purpose, or result. When used as a numeral, it refers to a single entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter, Singular (as a numeral)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΕΙΣ (eis) comes from a primary preposition of direction. The numeral ΕΙΣ (heis) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The form ΙΣ is a common uncial spelling for both.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

G5479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-ra

Translations: joy, a joy, gladness, delight

Notes: This word refers to a state of inner gladness, delight, or joy. It is often used to describe a deep-seated happiness that comes from a positive experience or a spiritual blessing. It can be used in sentences like 'He felt great joy' or 'There was much gladness among them.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the root χαίρω (chairō), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It is related to the concept of grace or favor.

G4876

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-nah-nah-PAH-soo-mai

Translations: rest with, be refreshed with, find rest together with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix συν- (syn-, meaning 'with' or 'together'), the prefix ἀνα- (ana-, meaning 'again' or 'up'), and the verb παύω (pauō, meaning 'to cease' or 'to stop'). The combined meaning is to rest together with someone, to be refreshed in company, or to find mutual rest. It implies a shared experience of comfort or cessation from labor.

Inflection: Future, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΕΠΑΥΣΑΜΗΝ, ΣΥΝΑΝΕΠΑΥΣΑΤΟ

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek verb ἀναπαύω (anapauō), meaning 'to give rest, refresh,' which itself comes from ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and παύω (pauō, 'to stop, cease'). The prefix συν- (syn-) was added to denote a shared or joint action.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nays

Translations: of peace, peace

Notes: This word refers to a state of tranquility, harmony, and well-being. It can denote an absence of conflict, a sense of inner calm, or a state of reconciliation. In a broader sense, it encompasses prosperity and security. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or relationship, such as 'of peace' or 'belonging to peace'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ

Etymology: From the verb ΕΙΡΩ (eirō), meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of being joined or united in harmony. It is related to the concept of wholeness and completeness.

G0281