2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0683

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-OH-sa-toh

Translations: he pushed away, he rejected, he cast off, he put away, he thrust away

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'απωθεω' (apotheo). It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject pushed away, rejected, or cast off something or someone, often with a sense of personal involvement or for their own benefit (middle voice). It implies a decisive act of removal or renunciation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'απωθεω' (apotheo) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'απο' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'ωθεω' (otheo), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'. Thus, it literally means 'to push away from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1124

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GRA-fay

Translations: writing, a writing, scripture, a scripture, document, a document

Notes: This word refers to something written, such as a document, a letter, or a record. In a religious context, especially within the New Testament, it frequently refers to the sacred writings or the Holy Scriptures. It can be used to denote the act of writing or the result of that act.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write', which comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to scratch, carve'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-TYNG-kha-nei

Translations: he intercedes, he pleads, he meets with, he approaches, he appeals to

Notes: This word describes the action of meeting with someone, often with the purpose of making an appeal or interceding on behalf of another. It implies a direct approach or intervention, particularly in a formal or influential capacity.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en, meaning 'in' or 'among') and the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (tynchanō, meaning 'to happen upon', 'to obtain', or 'to meet'). Thus, it literally means 'to happen upon in' or 'to meet in', evolving to mean 'to intercede' or 'to appeal to'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2704

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-KAP-san

Translations: they demolished, they tore down, they overthrew, they destroyed

Notes: This is a verb meaning to demolish, tear down, overthrow, or destroy. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σκάπτω (skaptō), meaning 'to dig'. Thus, it literally means 'to dig down' or 'to dig up and destroy'. It is used to describe the complete destruction of structures, cities, or altars.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΚΑΠΤΩ (kataskaptō) is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σκάπτω (skaptō), meaning 'to dig'. It conveys the sense of digging something down or out, leading to its destruction.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G5538

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khree-mah-tis-MOS

Translations: divine communication, divine warning, oracle, revelation, a divine response, a business transaction, a public transaction

Notes: This word refers to a divine communication, warning, or oracle, often implying a response from God or a supernatural source. It can also refer to a public or business transaction, particularly in secular contexts, such as a decree or official pronouncement. In religious contexts, it signifies a direct message or revelation from the divine. It is derived from the verb 'χρηματίζω' (chrēmatizō), meaning 'to do business, to transact, to give a divine response'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΙΑ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LEE-pon

Translations: I left behind, I abandoned, I forsook, I deserted, I bequeathed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λείπω (leipō, meaning 'to leave'). It generally means to leave something or someone behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It can also be used in the sense of bequeathing or leaving an inheritance. It is often used to describe leaving a place, a person, or a custom.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0894

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bah-AHL

Translations: Baal

Notes: Baal refers to a chief god of the Canaanites and Phoenicians, often associated with fertility and storms. In the Old Testament, the worship of Baal is frequently condemned as idolatry. The name is also used collectively to refer to various local deities or idols worshipped in the region. The final apostrophe-like character is a keraia, indicating that the word is being used as a numeral (likely 2), or a coronis, indicating an elision. However, in this context, it is most likely a transliteration of the Hebrew name, and the apostrophe is a transcription artifact or a keraia indicating a numeral, though the latter is less common for proper nouns. It is most commonly understood as the proper noun 'Baal'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a proper noun)

Etymology: The name Baal comes from the Semitic word baʿal, meaning 'owner' or 'lord'. It was used as a title for various deities in the ancient Near East, particularly in Canaanite and Phoenician religions.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROH

Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G1589

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-loh-GAYN

Translations: election, choice, selection, an election, a choice, a selection

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of choosing, selecting, or picking out. In a theological context, especially in the Koine Greek of the New Testament, it often refers to God's act of choosing or selecting individuals or groups for a specific purpose, such as salvation or service. It can also refer to the chosen group itself. It is used to describe a deliberate and purposeful selection.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΛΟΓΗ (eklogē) is derived from the Greek verb ἐκλέγω (eklegō), meaning 'to pick out, choose, select'. It is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to gather, pick, say'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nen

Translations: has become, has happened, has come to pass, was, came into being

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can mean 'has become,' 'has happened,' or 'has come into being,' often implying a state of existence or a new reality that has resulted from a past event.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to produce, to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and coming into existence.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-keh-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from ΟΥΚ (not) and ΕΤΙ (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It indicates that something that was true or happening previously is no longer the case. For example, if someone 'no longer' does something, it means they used to do it but have stopped.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥΚ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still). Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rees

Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight

Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEE-neh-tai

Translations: he becomes, she becomes, it becomes, he is born, she is born, it is born, he happens, she happens, it happens, he comes to pass, she comes to pass, it comes to pass, he arises, she arises, it arises, he is made, she is made, it is made

Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It means 'he/she/it becomes', 'is born', 'happens', 'comes to pass', 'arises', or 'is made'. It describes a state of coming into being or a transition from one state to another. For example, 'it becomes light' or 'a child is born'. It can also refer to events that take place or come to pass.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΤΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΙ, ΕΡΧΕΤΑΙ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction, introducing clauses that explain the reason or cause for something, similar to 'because' or 'since'. It can also introduce clauses of time, indicating that something happened 'when' or 'after' another event. Its meaning is determined by the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'in the event that', evolving to 'since' or 'because'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, deed, act, task, labor, a work, a deed

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can encompass a wide range of activities, from physical labor and tasks to moral actions, accomplishments, or even the effects or results of an action. It is often used to describe something that is done or produced.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: From a primary (supposed) verb ERGO (to work); compare English 'erg' and 'energy'.

G1934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-zay-TEH-ee

Translations: he seeks, he desires, he searches for, he requires, he demands

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, over, to) and 'ΖΗΤΕΩ' (to seek, to search for). It means to seek after, to desire, to search for, or to demand something, often with an intensified sense of seeking or a specific purpose. It implies a diligent or earnest search or a strong desire for something.

Inflection: Third person singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G2013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-TOO-kheh

Translations: he obtained, she obtained, it obtained, he achieved, she achieved, it achieved, he succeeded, she succeeded, it succeeded, he found, she found, it found

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΕΠΙΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, meaning 'to obtain', 'to achieve', 'to succeed', or 'to find'. It implies the successful attainment of something desired or sought after.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1589

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-loh-GAY

Translations: choice, election, a choice, an election, selection

Notes: This word refers to the act of choosing or selecting something or someone. It can denote a deliberate selection, often with a specific purpose or outcome in mind. In a theological context, it frequently refers to God's sovereign choice or selection of individuals or groups for a particular purpose or salvation. It is used to describe a chosen people or a chosen vessel.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕϹΙϹ, ΕΠΙΛΟΓΗ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb ΕΚΛΕΓΩ (eklegō), meaning 'to pick out, choose, select'. It is formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say, speak', but in this context, it relates to 'to gather, pick'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G4456

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-oh-ROH-thay-san

Translations: they were hardened, they became callous, they were made dull

Notes: This word describes the state of becoming hardened, dull, or callous, often in a metaphorical sense referring to the mind or heart. It implies a loss of sensitivity or understanding, making one unresponsive to truth or divine influence. It is typically used to describe a spiritual or mental condition rather than a physical one.

Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΥΝΩ, ΤΥΦΛΟΩ

Etymology: The root word ΠΩΡΟΩ (poroo) comes from πῶρος (poros), meaning 'a callus' or 'a hard stone'. The verb thus signifies the process of becoming like a callus or stone, implying a hardening or dulling.

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G2661

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-NYX-eh-ohs

Translations: of stupor, of deep sleep, of insensibility, of compunction, of remorse

Notes: This word refers to a state of spiritual stupor, insensibility, or deep sleep, often implying a lack of spiritual perception or responsiveness. In some contexts, it can also carry the meaning of a piercing grief, compunction, or remorse, a sharp pain of conscience. It is a compound word derived from 'κατά' (down) and 'νύσσω' (to prick or pierce).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΣ, ΝΑΡΚΗ, ΑΝΑΙΣΘΗΣΙΑ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-nay-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be, let it come to pass, let it happen, let it become

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be.' It is used here in the imperative mood, expressing a command or a wish for something to occur or come into existence. It often implies a process of change or development.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and becoming.

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: trah-PEH-zah

Translations: table, a table, bank, a bank, money changer's table, a money changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often used for eating, but also for conducting business, such as exchanging money. In the context of a temple, it could refer to a table used for offerings or sacred purposes. It can also refer to a bank or a money changer's stall, as these activities were conducted on tables.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τράπεζα (trápeza, “table”), a compound of τετράς (tetrás, “four”) and πέζα (péza, “foot, edge”). It originally referred to a table with four feet.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G4625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKAN-da-lon

Translations: stumbling block, an offense, a snare, trap, cause of ruin

Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or impediment that causes someone to stumble or fall, either literally or figuratively. It can also mean a snare or trap. In a moral or spiritual sense, it denotes anything that causes someone to sin, fall away from faith, or be led astray.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to limp' or 'to stumble'. It originally referred to the movable stick or trigger of a trap, which, when touched, caused the trap to spring shut.

G0467

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-ta-PO-do-ma

Translations: recompense, a recompense, reward, a reward, repayment, a repayment

Notes: This word refers to a return or repayment, often in the sense of a recompense or reward for actions. It can signify either a positive return for good deeds or a negative one for bad deeds, depending on the context. It is typically used to describe the outcome or consequence of one's actions.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΟΣ, ΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΣ, ΑΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound noun formed from the prefix ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in return for' or 'opposite to', and the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidomi), meaning 'to give back' or 'to pay back'.

G4654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skoh-TIS-thay-toh-san

Translations: let them be darkened, let them be made dark, let them be blinded

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be darkened' or 'to be made dark'. It is often used metaphorically to describe a spiritual or intellectual blinding, or a loss of understanding. It can also refer to physical darkness or dimness. In a sentence, it would typically be used as an imperative, commanding a group of people or things to become dark or be blinded.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΥΡΟΩ, ΤΥΦΛΟΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-ton

Translations: back, a back

Notes: This word refers to the back of a body, whether human or animal. It can be used literally to describe the physical back, or metaphorically to indicate turning away from something, as in 'turning one's back' on a command or person, implying disobedience or rejection.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΡΑΧΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sneh₁- meaning 'to spin, to twist', possibly referring to the spine.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2578

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-KAMP-son

Translations: bend, bow, cause to bend, cause to bow

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'kamptō', meaning 'to bend' or 'to bow'. In this specific form, it is an aorist active imperative, meaning it is a command to 'bend' or 'bow'. It can be used in contexts where someone is commanded to physically bend their body or to bow in submission or reverence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΙΝΩ, ΚΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The verb κάμπτω (kamptō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It means 'to bend' or 'to curve'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4991

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soh-tee-REE-ah

Translations: salvation, a salvation, deliverance, preservation, safety

Notes: This word refers to the act of saving or being saved from danger, destruction, or sin. In a theological context, it often refers to spiritual deliverance from sin and its consequences, leading to eternal life. It can also refer to physical rescue or preservation from harm.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb σώζω (sōzō, "to save, deliver, preserve"), related to σωτήρ (sōtēr, "savior").

G3863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-zay-LOH-sai

Translations: to provoke to jealousy, to make jealous, to stir to jealousy

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'alongside' or 'beyond', and 'ζηλόω' (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous' or 'to envy'. Together, it means to provoke someone to jealousy or to stir up their zeal, often in a negative sense of rivalry or envy. It describes the act of causing another person to feel jealousy or intense rivalry.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΖΗΛΟΩ is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, by, along', and the verb ζηλόω (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous, to envy'. The combination suggests an action that goes beyond mere zeal, leading to provocation or intense rivalry.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G3900

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-rap-TOH-ma

Translations: transgression, trespass, sin, fault, offense, a transgression, a trespass, a sin, a fault, an offense

Notes: This word refers to a false step, a deviation from the right path, or a lapse in conduct. It signifies a transgression or an offense against a moral or divine law. It is a compound word, formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and 'πτῶμα' (ptoma), meaning 'a fall' or 'a lapse.' Thus, it literally means 'a falling beside' or 'a false step.' It is often used in a moral or ethical sense to denote a sin or a trespass.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παράπτωμα (paráptōma), a compound of παρά (pará, “beside, alongside”) and πτῶμα (ptôma, “a fall, a lapse”).

G4149

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLOO-tos

Translations: wealth, riches, abundance, a wealth, a richness, an abundance

Notes: This word refers to material wealth, riches, or abundance. It is often used in a general sense to describe possessions or prosperity. It can be used in sentences like 'He had great wealth' or 'The abundance of the harvest was evident'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΕΥΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: From πλέω (pleō, "to sail"), referring to the wealth gained through sea trade, or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- ("to fill").

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G2275

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HEET-tay-mah

Translations: defeat, a defeat, loss, a loss, failure, a failure

Notes: This word refers to a defeat, loss, or failure. It can be used in various contexts, such as a military defeat, a loss in a competition, or a moral or spiritual failing. It signifies the state of being overcome or diminished.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΤΤΑ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἥττημα (hēttēma) is derived from the verb ἥτταομαι (hēttaomai), meaning 'to be inferior, to be defeated', which itself comes from ἥττων (hēttōn), meaning 'inferior, weaker'.

G4214

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-soh

Translations: how much, how great, how large, how far, how long

Notes: This word functions as an interrogative or relative adverb, meaning 'how much' or 'how great'. It can also be an adjective, meaning 'of what size' or 'how much/many'. It is used to inquire about quantity, degree, or extent, or to express a relative degree. For example, it can be used in questions like 'How much is it?' or in statements like 'You know how great he is.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΝ, ΟΣΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΣΟΣ (posos) is derived from the interrogative stem *po- (as in πότε, 'when') and the suffix -σος, which indicates quantity or measure.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G4138

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: play-ROH-mah

Translations: fullness, a fullness, completion, what fills, contents, a full measure, a complement, fulfillment

Notes: This word refers to that which fills or completes something. It can denote the contents of a vessel, the full measure or amount of something, or the completion or fulfillment of a period of time, a prophecy, or a purpose. It is often used to describe the abundance or totality of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the verb ΠΛΗΡΟΩ (PLEROO), meaning 'to fill' or 'to complete', which itself comes from ΠΛΗΡΗΣ (PLERES), meaning 'full'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-STO-los

Translations: apostle, a messenger, an envoy, a delegate, a missionary

Notes: This word refers to a person who is sent out on a mission or as a delegate. In a religious context, it most commonly refers to one of the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus, or to other early Christian leaders who were commissioned to spread the Gospel. It is a compound word, formed from 'APO' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and 'STELLO' (meaning 'to send'). Thus, it literally means 'one sent forth'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'apostolos' derives from the Greek verb 'apostello', meaning 'to send forth' or 'to dispatch'. It was used in classical Greek to refer to a naval expedition or a commander of such an expedition, and later came to mean a messenger or delegate.

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dox-AH-zoh

Translations: to glorify, to praise, to honor, to magnify, to esteem, to exalt

Notes: This verb means to glorify, praise, or honor someone or something. It is often used in a religious context to express worship or reverence towards God, but it can also be used more generally to mean to hold in high esteem or to magnify. It describes the act of attributing honor and worth to someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular. This verb inflects for tense, voice, mood, person, and number.

Synonyms: ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΥΨΟΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ

Etymology: From δόξα (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion'. The verb means 'to render or ascribe glory to'.

G3863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-zay-LOH-soh

Translations: I will provoke to jealousy, I will make jealous, I will stir to envy

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ζηλόω (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous' or 'to envy'. In its future tense form, as seen here, it means 'I will provoke to jealousy' or 'I will make someone envious'. It describes the action of causing another person to feel jealousy or envy, often by demonstrating one's own success or favor.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΖΗΛΟΩ, ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The verb παραζηλόω (parazēloō) is formed from the prefix παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and the verb ζηλόω (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous, to envy'. The combination suggests an intensified or directed form of zeal or envy.

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-soh

Translations: I will save, I will heal, I will preserve, I will deliver

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to save," "to heal," "to preserve," or "to deliver." It is used to describe the act of bringing someone or something to safety, health, or a state of well-being. It can refer to physical salvation from danger, spiritual salvation from sin, or healing from illness. In a sentence, it would typically be used to express an action performed by a subject upon an object, indicating a future act of salvation or preservation.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G0576

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-bo-LEH

Translations: loss, a loss, rejection, casting away

Notes: This word refers to the act of casting away or throwing off, resulting in a loss or rejection. It can describe the loss of something tangible, like a ship, or a more abstract concept like the rejection of a people. It is a compound word formed from 'APO' (away from) and 'BOLE' (a throwing or casting).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΖΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: Derived from the verb APOBALLO (to cast off, throw away), which is formed from the preposition APO (from, away from) and the verb BALLO (to throw, cast).

G2643

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tal-la-GAY

Translations: reconciliation, a reconciliation, restoration, a restoration, atonement, a change

Notes: This word refers to the act or state of reconciliation, restoration to favor, or a change from enmity to friendship. It implies a process of bringing two parties back into harmony after a period of estrangement or conflict. In a theological context, it often refers to the reconciliation between God and humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΛΑΓΗ, ΕΙΡΗΝΗ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb καταλλάσσω (katallassō), meaning 'to reconcile,' which is formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἀλλάσσω (allassō, 'to change'). The root idea is to change thoroughly, especially to change from enmity to friendship.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4356

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-LEEMP-sis

Translations: reception, a reception, taking, a taking, assumption, an assumption

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'receive'). It refers to the act of taking to oneself, receiving, or assuming something. It can be used in contexts of taking someone into fellowship, receiving something, or assuming a role or nature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΔΟΧΗ, ΑΝΑΛΗΨΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition πρός (pros, 'to, towards') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, 'to take, receive'). It describes the action of taking something to oneself or receiving it.

G2222

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DZOH-ay

Translations: life, a life

Notes: This word refers to life in its broadest sense, encompassing both physical and spiritual existence. It can denote the principle of life, the period of life, or the way of life. It is often used to describe the state of being alive, as well as the quality of that existence, particularly in a spiritual or eternal context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΨΥΧΗ

Etymology: From the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It is related to the concept of vital breath and existence.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

G0536

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-PAR-khay

Translations: firstfruits, a firstfruit, first-fruit, first-produce, first-offering

Notes: This word refers to the first portion of a harvest or produce that is collected and offered, often as a religious offering to God. It signifies the initial part of something, which then consecrates the whole. It can also refer to the first converts in a region, symbolizing them as the initial offering from that area.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΠΡΩΤΟΤΟΚΙΑ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, "from") and ἄρχομαι (archomai, "to begin"), literally meaning "that which begins from". It refers to the first part of a sacrifice or offering.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-GEE-ah

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy one, a holy thing

Notes: This word means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe people, places, or things that are set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. It can also refer to a holy person or thing as a noun. It is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'ΑΓΙΟΣ' (hagios).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΙΑ' comes from the root 'ΑΓΙΟΣ', which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which is set apart or consecrated.

G4491

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RI-zah

Translations: root, a root, source, origin, descendant

Notes: This word refers to the part of a plant that grows underground and absorbs nutrients, or metaphorically, the source or origin of something. It can also refer to a descendant or offspring, as a 'root' from which a family line grows. It is used in various contexts to denote the foundation or beginning of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΗΓΗ, ΑΡΧΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΡΙΖΑ' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'root'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G0065

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-ree-EH-leh-os

Translations: wild olive tree, a wild olive tree

Notes: This word refers to a wild olive tree, as opposed to a cultivated one. It is a compound word formed from 'agros' (field, wild) and 'elaia' (olive tree). It is typically used to distinguish the uncultivated variety of the olive tree.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἄγριος (agrios), meaning 'wild' or 'of the field', and ἐλαία (elaia), meaning 'olive tree'. It describes an olive tree growing in its natural, uncultivated state.

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G1743

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-ken-TRIS-thees

Translations: you were grafted in, you were pricked, you were stung, you were goaded

Notes: This word describes the action of being pricked, stung, or goaded, often with the implication of being inserted or grafted into something. It is used to convey the idea of being joined or incorporated, much like a branch is grafted onto a tree.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΜΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΣΥΜΦΥΩ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek verb κεντρίζω (kentrizō), meaning 'to prick, sting, goad,' which itself comes from κέντρον (kentron), meaning 'a sharp point, goad, sting.'

G4791

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-koy-no-NOS

Translations: fellow partaker, a fellow partaker, partner, a partner, companion, a companion, associate, an associate

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'κοινωνός' (koinonos), meaning 'partner' or 'sharer'. Therefore, it refers to someone who shares or participates together with another in something. It describes a joint participant or an associate in an activity, experience, or possession. It can be used to describe someone who shares in suffering, blessings, or a common purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΟΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-noo

Translations: you became, you were, you came to be, you were born, you happened

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something came into existence or a person underwent a change of state. It is often used to describe events that took place or a person's origin or transformation.

Inflection: 2nd Person Singular, Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.'

G2620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-KAH-khoo-khoh

Translations: boast against, boast over, glory over, exult over

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'καυχάομαι' (kauchaomai), meaning 'to boast' or 'to glory'. Therefore, 'κατακαυχάομαι' means to boast against someone or something, to glory over them, or to exult over them, often implying a sense of superiority or triumph. It is typically used with the genitive case.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-KAF-khah-sai

Translations: boast against, glory over, triumph over

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to boast against, glory over, or triumph over someone or something. It implies a sense of superiority or pride directed at another. It is often used in a negative sense, indicating an inappropriate or arrogant boasting.

Inflection: 2nd Person Singular, Present Tense, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΚΑΥΧΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ (KAUCHAOMAI), meaning 'to boast' or 'to glory'. The prefix intensifies the action of boasting, often implying boasting against someone or something.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G2054

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-ris

Translations: strife, contention, dispute, rivalry, discord, quarrel, a quarrel

Notes: This word refers to a state of conflict, disagreement, or rivalry. It describes a situation where people are at odds with each other, often leading to arguments or disputes. It can be used to describe both verbal disagreements and more intense forms of contention.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΕΡΙΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be an ancient Greek term for discord or contention.

G1458

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-ken-TRIS-thoh

Translations: let it be grafted in, let it be engrafted, let it be inserted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be grafted in' or 'to be engrafted'. It is used in the context of horticulture, specifically when a branch from one plant is inserted into another plant so that they grow together. Metaphorically, it can refer to being incorporated or joined into something larger. The word is a compound of 'ἐν' (en, 'in') and 'κεντρίζω' (kentrizō, 'to prick, to graft').

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΚΕΝΤΡΙΖΩ (enkentrizō) is derived from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb κεντρίζω (kentrizō), meaning 'to prick, goad, or graft'. The combination signifies the action of inserting or grafting something into another.

G0570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pis-TEE-ah

Translations: unbelief, a lack of faith, faithlessness, distrust

Notes: This noun refers to a state of unbelief or a lack of faith. It describes a condition where one does not trust or believe, often in a spiritual or moral sense. It can also imply a sense of distrust or unfaithfulness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΔΥΣΠΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the Greek negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πιστια' (pistia), meaning 'faith' or 'trust'. Thus, it literally means 'without faith'.

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tee

Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief, a trust

Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can also denote faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe belief in God or Christ, but also in secular contexts to describe trust or loyalty between people. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the root ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded'. It conveys the idea of being convinced or having confidence in something or someone.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: yp-see-LAH

Translations: high, lofty, exalted, proud, haughty, on high, highly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'high' or 'lofty,' referring to physical height, elevated status, or even a proud and arrogant disposition. As an adjective, it can describe things that are physically high, like mountains or walls, or abstract concepts like high thoughts or exalted positions. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'highly' or 'on high,' indicating a high position or an elevated manner of speaking or acting. In the provided examples, it is used both adjectivally (referring to high places or high walls) and adverbially (speaking proudly or haughtily).

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Adverbial (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΑΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΗΛΟΣ (hypsēlos) comes from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is related to the concept of being elevated or high.

G5426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: froh-NEH-ee

Translations: to think, to have understanding, to be minded, to set one's mind on, to be of a certain mind, to be disposed

Notes: This word means to think, to have understanding, or to be minded in a particular way. It describes the act of setting one's mind on something, having a certain disposition, or holding a particular opinion. It can be used to express one's inner thoughts, attitudes, or intentions.

Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΕΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: Unknown

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word appears to be a corrupted or unreadable character from the original manuscript, represented by a question mark. It is not a standard Koine Greek word. In the provided context, it seems to be a placeholder or a misreading of a definite article, likely 'ΤΟΝ' (ton), meaning 'the', or possibly 'ΤΩ' (to), meaning 'to the' or 'for the'. Without the original character, its precise meaning and grammatical function cannot be determined.

Inflection: Unknown

Etymology: Cannot determine etymology as the word itself is unknown or corrupted.

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-see

Translations: nature, by nature, natural disposition, natural order, birth, kind, species

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or natural order of something. It can describe the way things are naturally, or the essential quality of a person or thing. It is often used to contrast with something artificial or supernatural.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb φύω (phyo), meaning 'to grow' or 'to bring forth'. It refers to the process of growth and development, leading to the inherent character or nature of something.

G2186

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PHI-sa-toh

Translations: he stood over, he stood by, he came upon, he appeared, he attacked, he assailed

Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action of standing or coming upon something or someone. It implies a sudden or forceful arrival, or taking a stand in a particular place or against someone. It can describe a physical presence, an appearance, or an aggressive action like an attack. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'over') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, meaning 'to stand').

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἐφίστημι (ephistēmi) is derived from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. It literally means 'to stand upon' or 'to stand over'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G5453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: fee-SEH-tai

Translations: will blow, will puff up, will inflate

Notes: This word is the future indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'physao'. It describes an action that will happen in the future, specifically 'he/she/it will blow' or 'he/she/it will puff up'. It can refer to the action of wind blowing, or metaphorically to someone being inflated with pride or arrogance. It is a compound word, though its root 'physao' is the primary form.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΣΕΤΑΙ, ΦΥΣΗΘΗΣΕΤΑΙ

G2396

Part of Speech: Verb, Interjection

Sounds like: EE-deh

Translations: Behold, look, see, lo

Notes: This word is an imperative verb, meaning 'behold!' or 'look!'. It is used to draw attention to something or someone, often at the beginning of a sentence or clause. It functions similarly to the English 'Lo!' or 'See here!'. It can be used to introduce a new topic, emphasize a point, or express surprise.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΙΔΟΥ, ΟΡΑ

Etymology: From the aorist stem of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of usage.

G5544

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khray-STOH-tay-tah

Translations: goodness, kindness, uprightness, a goodness, a kindness, an uprightness

Notes: This word refers to moral goodness, kindness, or uprightness. It describes a quality of character that is beneficial and benevolent, often implying a gentle and agreeable disposition. It can be used to describe actions or a general state of being.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: This word is derived from the adjective ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ (chrēstos), meaning 'useful, good, kind'. It is related to the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-SOH-tas

Translations: falling, having fallen, those who fall, those who have fallen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΠΙΠΤΩ' (pipto), meaning 'to fall'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this form, it refers to 'those who are falling' or 'those who have fallen', indicating a completed or ongoing action of falling. It can be used to describe people or things that have experienced a fall, either literally or figuratively.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΕΠΤΩΚΟΤΑΣ

G663

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-to-MEE-ah

Translations: severity, cutting off, rigor, strictness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being severe, strict, or rigorous. It implies a decisive cutting off or a sharp, unyielding attitude. In a theological context, it can describe God's sternness or judgment, particularly in contrast to His kindness. It is used to denote a lack of leniency or a firm, uncompromising approach.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΥΣΤΗΡΟΤΗΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb ἀποτέμνω (apotemnō), meaning 'to cut off' or 'to sever'. The noun form emphasizes the result or quality of such an action, leading to the sense of severity or abruptness.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G5544

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khray-sto-TEE-tee

Translations: (to) goodness, (to) kindness, (to) uprightness, (to) a goodness, (to) a kindness, (to) an uprightness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being good, kind, or benevolent. It describes a disposition or character that is gentle, mild, and beneficial. It is often used to describe God's kindness and graciousness towards humanity. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or instrument of an action related to goodness or kindness.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ, ΕΥΝΟΙΑ

G2532, G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: kah-KAY-noy

Translations: and those, and they, and those ones, also those, also they

Notes: This word is a compound of the conjunction 'καί' (kai, meaning 'and, also, even') and the demonstrative pronoun 'ἐκεῖνοι' (ekeinoi, meaning 'those' or 'they'). It is used to refer to a group of people or things that are distinct from the current subject, often emphasizing that the same action or characteristic applies to them as well. It functions as the subject of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Compound, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ ΟΥΤΟΙ, ΚΑΙ ΑΥΤΟΙ

G1961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-meh-NOH-sin

Translations: they may remain, they may continue, they may persevere, they may abide, they may persist

Notes: This word describes the action of remaining, continuing, or persevering in a particular state, place, or action. It implies steadfastness and persistence, often in the face of difficulty or opposition. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ΕΠΙ' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'ΜΕΝΩ' (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G1961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-MEI-noh-sin

Translations: they may continue, they may remain, they may persevere, they may abide, they may persist

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENŌ), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide.' Therefore, ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ means 'to remain upon,' 'to continue in a place or state,' or 'to persevere.' The form ΕΠΙΜΕΙΝΩΣΙΝ indicates a third-person plural aorist subjunctive active, suggesting a potential or hypothetical action of continuing or remaining.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ is derived from the prefix ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENŌ), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide.'

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-tos

Translations: able, powerful, mighty, strong, possible, a mighty one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that possesses power, strength, or ability. It can refer to physical might, moral strength, or the capacity to do something. It can also mean 'possible' when referring to an event or situation. It is often used to describe God as 'the Mighty One'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases/numbers depending on context)

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It relates to the concept of inherent power or capability.

G1726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-ken-TREE-sai

Translations: to graft in, to engraft

Notes: This verb means to graft something into another plant, typically a branch or shoot into a different stock. It is used metaphorically in the New Testament to describe the act of being joined into a new spiritual lineage or family, like a wild branch being grafted into a cultivated tree. It implies a process of integration and becoming part of something larger.

Inflection: Aorist Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΜΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΣΥΜΦΥΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and the verb ΚΕΝΤΡΙΖΩ (kentrizō), meaning 'to prick, to goad, to graft'. The combination signifies the action of grafting something 'into' another.

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-sin

Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

G1602

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ek-O-pees

Translations: you were cut off, you were cut down, you were hewn down, you were amputated

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ekkopto'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action. It means to be cut off, cut down, or hewn down, often implying a violent or decisive separation. For example, a branch might be cut off from a tree, or a person might be cut off from a group.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΤΕΜΝΩ

G0065

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-ree-eh-LAI-oo

Translations: of wild olive, of a wild olive tree

Notes: This word refers to a wild olive tree. It is a compound word formed from 'agros' (field, wild) and 'elaia' (olive tree). In ancient contexts, it often contrasts with the cultivated or 'good' olive tree, symbolizing something natural, untamed, or less refined. It is used to describe the origin or possession related to a wild olive.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΑΓΡΙΕΛΑΙΟΣ is a compound of ΑΓΡΙΟΣ (AGRIOS), meaning 'wild' or 'of the field', and ΕΛΑΙΑ (ELAIA), meaning 'olive tree'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G2565

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kal-lee-EH-lah-yoh

Translations: good olive tree, cultivated olive tree, a good olive tree, a cultivated olive tree

Notes: This is a compound noun, combining 'good' or 'beautiful' (καλός) with 'olive tree' (ἐλαία). It refers specifically to a cultivated or good quality olive tree, as opposed to a wild one. It is used to distinguish a desirable or productive olive tree from a less desirable or uncultivated one.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΚΑΛΟΣ (kalos), meaning 'good, beautiful, noble', and ΕΛΑΙΑ (elaia), meaning 'olive tree'. ΚΑΛΟΣ derives from Proto-Indo-European, and ΕΛΑΙΑ is of pre-Greek origin.

G1726

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-ken-tree-STHEE-so-tai

Translations: will be grafted in, shall be grafted in

Notes: This word describes the action of being grafted into something, typically a plant or a family. It implies a process of integration or incorporation into a new entity, often with the purpose of sharing in its life or benefits. In a metaphorical sense, it can refer to being joined or united with a group or tradition.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΥΩ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ἐν' (en, meaning 'in' or 'into') and 'κεντρίζω' (kentrizō, meaning 'to prick' or 'to goad', from 'κέντρον' (kentron), meaning 'a sharp point' or 'a goad'). Thus, it literally means 'to prick into' or 'to insert by pricking', leading to the meaning 'to graft'.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-dee-ah

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, personal, individually, privately, separately, apart

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar,' referring to something belonging to a specific person or group. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'privately,' 'separately,' or 'individually.' As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Plural; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΞΕΧΩΡΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is 'one's own' or 'private.'

G1636

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LAH-yah

Translations: olive tree, an olive tree, olive, an olive, olive berry, an olive berry

Notes: This word refers to an olive tree, its fruit (the olive), or the olive berry. It is commonly used in contexts related to agriculture, food, and the symbolic significance of the olive tree in ancient culture.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word "ΕΛΑΙΑ" is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is the source of the English word "oil" and related terms, reflecting the importance of olive oil in ancient Mediterranean cultures.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G3466

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: moo-STAY-ree-on

Translations: mystery, a mystery, secret, a secret

Notes: This word refers to something hidden or secret, which is not yet revealed or understood. In a religious context, it often refers to a divine truth or purpose that is revealed only to those who are initiated or enlightened. It can also refer to a secret rite or doctrine.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΟΝ, ΚΡΥΠΤΟΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΥΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ comes from the Greek verb μύω (myō), meaning 'to close the eyes or mouth', referring to the secrecy or silence associated with mysteries or secret rites. It is related to the 'mysteries' of ancient Greek religions.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-teh

Translations: you were, you are

Notes: This is the second person plural imperfect or present indicative form of the verb 'εἰμί' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. In the imperfect tense, it translates to 'you were' (referring to a past continuous state or action involving multiple people). In the present tense, it translates to 'you are' (referring to a current state or action involving multiple people). The context determines whether it refers to the present or imperfect.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Indicative, Present or Imperfect

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-roh-sis

Translations: hardening, a hardening, dullness, blindness, insensitivity

Notes: This word refers to a state of hardening, dullness, or insensitivity, often used in a spiritual or metaphorical sense to describe a lack of perception or understanding. It implies a condition where one's mind or heart has become unyielding or unresponsive to truth or divine influence. It can be used in sentences to describe a spiritual condition, such as 'the hardening of their hearts'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΤΥΦΛΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb πωρόω (pōroō), meaning 'to harden' or 'to make callous'. This verb is derived from πῶρος (pōros), which refers to a type of hard stone, or a callus, indicating a process of becoming like stone or developing a hard, insensitive layer.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction

Sounds like: AKH-rees

Translations: until, up to, as far as, while, even to, unto

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or conjunction, indicating a limit in time or space. It signifies 'up to' a certain point or 'until' a certain event occurs. It is often used to mark the end point of an action or a period.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΧΡΙΣ" is of uncertain origin, possibly related to "ἄκρος" (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4622

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-OHN

Translations: Zion

Notes: Zion refers to a specific hill in Jerusalem, often used to denote the city of Jerusalem itself, especially its spiritual and theological significance as the dwelling place of God and the center of His people. It can also refer to the heavenly Jerusalem or the spiritual community of believers.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΥΣΑΛΗΜ

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin (צִיּוֹן, Tsiyyon), meaning 'fortification' or 'citadel'. It was originally the name of a Jebusite fortress in Jerusalem, which King David conquered and made his capital.

G4506

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: RHOO-oh-me-nos

Translations: delivering, rescuing, saving, the one who delivers, the one who rescues, the one who saves

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ῥύομαι (rhyomai), meaning 'to draw to oneself, rescue, deliver, or save'. It describes an action of delivering or rescuing someone or something from danger, evil, or an undesirable situation. It can function adjectivally, describing 'the one who delivers,' or adverbially, indicating 'while delivering' or 'by delivering'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩΝ, ΕΞΑΙΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-STREP-see

Translations: he will turn away, she will turn away, it will turn away, he will turn back, she will turn back, it will turn back, he will avert, she will avert, it will avert, he will remove, she will remove, it will remove

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'apostrephō', meaning to turn away, turn back, avert, or remove. It describes an action of causing something or someone to go in a different direction, or to withdraw oneself. It can be used transitively (to turn something away) or intransitively (to turn oneself away).

Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-THEH-kee

Translations: covenant, a covenant, testament, a testament, agreement, a will

Notes: This word refers to a solemn agreement or compact, especially one made between God and humans. It can also refer to a last will and testament. In a religious context, it often signifies God's established relationship with His people, as seen in the Old and New Covenants. It is a compound word, formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'between', and 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΟΡΚΟΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ is derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'between', and the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. It originally referred to a disposition or arrangement, particularly a legal one, and evolved to mean a will or a covenant.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on

Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, a good news

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'good news' or 'gospel'. It refers to a message of good tidings, particularly in the New Testament, the message of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is often used to refer to the Christian message itself or one of the four books that tell the story of Jesus' life and teachings.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἀγγελία (angelia), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'. Thus, it literally means 'good message' or 'good announcement'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1589

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-loh-GEN

Translations: election, choice, selection, a choice, a selection

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΕΚΛΟΓΗΝ (eklogēn), the accusative singular form of the noun ΕΚΛΟΓΗ (eklogē). It refers to the act of choosing or selecting, often with a connotation of divine or purposeful selection. It can be used in contexts describing a group of chosen people or the process by which they were chosen.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΓΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐκλέγω (eklegō), meaning 'to pick out, choose, select'. It is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak', but in this context, it relates to 'gathering' or 'picking'.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-TROS

Translations: (of) Father, (of) a Father

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΑΤΡΟΣ (patros), meaning 'of Father' or 'of a Father'. It is the genitive singular form of the noun ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), which means 'father'. This abbreviation is commonly found in ancient manuscripts to save space and time.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΤΩΡ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to a male parent or ancestor, and can also be used metaphorically for a founder or originator.

G278

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-meh-tah-meh-LEE-tah

Translations: without regret, unregretted, irrevocable, unchangeable

Notes: This word describes something that is not to be regretted or cannot be changed. It signifies a state of being beyond repentance or alteration, often used in the context of divine gifts or callings which are permanent and not subject to withdrawal.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΤΑΘΕΤΟΣ, ΑΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the negative prefix 'A-' (meaning 'not') and 'ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ' (meaning 'to regret' or 'to repent'). Thus, it literally means 'not to be regretted' or 'without regret'.

G2821

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-sis

Translations: calling, a calling, invitation, a summons, a divine invitation

Notes: This word refers to a calling or an invitation, often with the implication of a divine summons or a specific purpose. It can be used to describe a general invitation or a specific call to a task or destiny, particularly in a religious or spiritual context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It refers to the act or result of calling.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G0543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pee-THEH-ee-ah

Translations: disobedience, unbelief, obstinacy, a disobedience

Notes: This word refers to the state or act of being disobedient, unpersuaded, or rebellious. It signifies a refusal to believe or obey, often implying a stubborn resistance to authority or truth.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΗΣ, ΑΠΕΙΘΕΩ

Etymology: Derived from the verb APEITHEO (to disobey) and ultimately from the negative prefix A- (not) and PEITHO (to persuade, obey). It describes the quality of not being persuaded or not obeying.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-ay-THOH-sin

Translations: they may have mercy, they may be shown mercy, they may obtain mercy

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'eleeō', meaning 'to have mercy' or 'to show compassion'. In this specific form, it indicates an action that 'they' (a third-person plural subject) might perform or experience, often implying a desire, possibility, or purpose for them to have or receive mercy. It is used to express a plea, a wish, or a potential outcome related to mercy.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eleeō' (from which 'eleēthōsin' is derived) comes from 'eleos' (ἔλεος), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'. It is related to the idea of feeling compassion for someone in distress.

G4938

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ek-KLEE-sen

Translations: inclined together, turned aside together, bent together, bowed together

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the root ΚΛΙΝΩ (to incline, bend), with the prefixes ΣΥΝ- (together, with) and ΕΚ- (out, away from). It means to incline, turn, or bend together with someone or something, or to turn aside completely in a collective sense. It describes a joint action of leaning or deviating.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΚΚΛΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΕΚΚΛΙΝΩΣΙΝ

G0543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pee-THEE-ahn

Translations: disobedience, unbelief, a disobedience, an unbelief

Notes: This word refers to a state of disobedience or unbelief, often implying a refusal to be persuaded or to trust. It describes a condition of being unpersuadable or unfaithful, particularly in a religious or moral context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΙΑ, ΑΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΙΘΙΑ (apithia) is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'πειθώ' (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it signifies a state of not being persuaded or not obeying.

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-EH-see

Translations: he may have mercy, she may have mercy, it may have mercy, he might have mercy, she might have mercy, it might have mercy

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to have mercy' or 'to show compassion'. It describes an action of showing pity or kindness towards someone in need. In this specific form, it indicates a potential or desired action, often translated as 'may he/she/it have mercy' or 'might he/she/it have mercy'. It is typically used in contexts where a request or a wish for mercy is expressed.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek noun ἔλεος (ELEOS), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'.

G0899

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BA-thos

Translations: depth, a depth, deep, profoundness, abyss

Notes: This noun refers to a great vertical extent downwards, indicating depth or profoundness. It can also refer to the deep sea or an abyss. It is used to describe the extent of something from top to bottom, or figuratively, the profoundness of a concept or idea.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΒΥΣΣΟΣ, ΒΥΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the adjective βαθύς (bathys), meaning 'deep'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰedʰ-, meaning 'to sink, to be deep'.

G0421

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-ex-er-AF-nee-tah

Translations: unsearchable, inscrutable, past finding out, unfathomable

Notes: This adjective describes something that cannot be searched out, investigated, or fully understood. It implies a depth or complexity that is beyond human comprehension or discovery. It is often used to describe divine attributes or judgments, emphasizing their mysterious and profound nature. The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'AN-' (meaning 'not') and 'ΕΞΕΡΑΥΝΗΤΟΣ' (meaning 'searchable' or 'investigable').

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΞΙΧΝΙΑΣΤΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΗΠΤΟΣ, ΑΒΥΣΣΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G4823

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-BOO-los

Translations: counselor, a counselor, adviser, a adviser

Notes: This word refers to someone who gives advice or counsel, an adviser or counselor. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βουλή' (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'. It is typically used to describe a person who provides guidance or strategic advice, often to a leader or in a decision-making context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΤΗΣ, ΓΝΩΜΩΝ

Etymology: From the verb συμβουλεύω (symbouleuō, 'to advise'), which is formed from σύν (syn, 'with, together') and βουλή (boulē, 'counsel, plan').

G4272

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EH-doh-ken

Translations: betrayed, delivered up beforehand, gave up beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Together, it means 'to give beforehand' or 'to deliver up beforehand'. In many contexts, it carries the negative connotation of 'to betray' or 'to hand over treacherously'. It describes an action of giving or delivering something or someone into the hands of another, often with harmful or deceitful intent.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G0001, G0467, G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tah-po-doh-thee-SEH-teh

Translations: you will be repaid, you will be recompensed, you will be rewarded

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'αντι' (anti, 'in return for'), 'απο' (apo, 'from, back'), and 'διδωμι' (didomi, 'to give'). It means to give back in return, to repay, recompense, or reward. The form indicates a future passive action directed towards 'you' (plural). It describes an action where the subject will receive something in return for their deeds.

Inflection: Second Person Plural, Future, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΜΟΙΒΟΜΑΙ, ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-sah

Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty

Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.

G0165

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nas

Translations: age, an age, eternity, forever, world, a world, course, a course

Notes: This word refers to a period of time, which can be an age, an era, or even eternity. It can also refer to the world or the present order of things. Its meaning often depends on the context, sometimes denoting a long, indefinite period, and at other times a specific, defined epoch. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΩΝ (aion) comes from an ancient root meaning 'living' or 'vital force', evolving to denote a lifetime, then an age, and eventually eternity. It is related to the concept of continuous existence.

G0281