2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-tis-THEE-nahee

Translations: to be taken captive, to be led captive, to be made captive

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive form of the verb αἰχμαλωτίζω (aichmalōtizō), meaning 'to take captive' or 'to lead captive'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often translated with 'to be' followed by the past participle, indicating the action of being captured or taken prisoner. It is used to describe the state or event of someone or something being made a prisoner of war or being enslaved.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΥΕΙΝ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΕΙΝ

Etymology: The verb αἰχμαλωτίζω (aichmalōtizō) is a compound word derived from αἰχμή (aichmē), meaning 'spear' or 'point', and ἁλωτός (halōtos), meaning 'captured' or 'conquered'. Thus, it literally means 'captured by the spear', referring to being taken captive in war.

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

G2354

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eth-RAY-nay-sen

Translations: lamented, mourned, bewailed

Notes: This word means to lament, mourn, or wail, typically expressing deep sorrow or grief, often for the dead. It describes the act of expressing sorrow audibly, through weeping or wailing. It is used to describe someone who has performed this action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΑΙΩ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ὈΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word θρηνέω (thrēneō) is derived from θρῆνος (thrēnos), meaning 'a lament' or 'a wailing'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Letter

Sounds like: AH-lef

Translations: Aleph, Alpha, first letter, ox

Notes: This word is a transliteration of the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet, 'Aleph'. It is often used in the Septuagint (the Greek Old Testament) to mark the first section of acrostic poems, such as in the book of Lamentations, where each stanza begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The letter 'Aleph' itself originally depicted an ox head, and thus the word can also refer to an 'ox' or 'leader'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word is a direct transliteration of the Hebrew word 'אֶלֶף' (ʾālep̄), which is the name of the first letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The name itself is derived from the Proto-Semitic word for 'ox', reflecting the original pictographic form of the letter.

G3438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MOH-nay

Translations: abode, dwelling place, mansion, room, a dwelling place

Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a residence, or a temporary lodging. It can also denote a stopping place or a stage on a journey. In a theological context, it is famously used to describe the 'mansions' or 'rooms' in the Father's house, signifying a permanent dwelling or resting place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΜΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It refers to a place where one remains or dwells.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NEE-thay

Translations: was, became, happened, came to pass, occurred, was made

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative passive (or deponent middle) form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be made.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state or an event taking place. For example, it can be used to say 'he/she/it became' or 'it happened.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Deponent Middle), 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0757

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHOO-sah

Translations: ruling, a ruler, a female ruler, a princess, a chief woman, a leading woman

Notes: This word describes someone who is in a position of authority or leadership, specifically a female. It can function as an adjective, meaning 'ruling' or 'leading', or as a noun, referring to a 'ruler' or 'chief woman'. It implies having power, command, or preeminence over others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΑ, ΔΕΣΠΟΙΝΑ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. Its core sense relates to being first in time or rank, thus leading or governing.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: BETH

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. In Koine Greek, the sequence 'ΒΗΘ' does not correspond to a known standalone word or a common root in this exact form. It might be a fragment of a larger word, a transliteration of a foreign word (like a Hebrew place name, e.g., 'Beth' as in Bethlehem, which is Βηθλεέμ in Greek), or a typo. Given the context of the example sentences which use forms of 'φοβέω' (to fear), 'ΒΗΘ' is not directly related to those verbs.

Inflection: Unknown

Etymology: Cannot find any information about the origin of this word as a standalone Koine Greek term.

G2799

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: KLAI-oo-sa

Translations: weeping, crying, lamenting

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'weeping' or 'crying'. It describes someone who is in the act of weeping or lamenting. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, describing a noun (e.g., 'the weeping woman'), or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action (e.g., 'she spoke, weeping').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΟΜΕΝΗ, ΘΡΗΝΟΥΣΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΑΙΩ (klaiō) comes from an uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of weeping. It is related to the idea of a loud cry or lament.

G3571

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NYK-tee

Translations: to night, at night, by night, in the night

Notes: ΝΥΚΤΙ is the dative singular form of the noun ΝΥΞ (nyx), meaning 'night'. It is used to indicate the time when something occurs, often translated as 'at night', 'by night', or 'in the night'. It can also indicate the recipient of an action or the means by which something is done, though its primary use is temporal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΣΠΕΡΑ, ΟΨΕ

Etymology: The word ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European *nokʷts, meaning 'night'. It is related to similar words for night in many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOHN

Translations: comforting, exhorting, encouraging, appealing, entreating, inviting, consoling, a comforter, an exhorter, one who comforts, one who exhorts

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is comforting' or 'one who is exhorting'. It describes an ongoing action of providing comfort, encouragement, or an appeal. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the person performing the action, such as 'the comforter' or 'the one who exhorts'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G0025

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-gah-PON-tone

Translations: of those loving, of those who love, of the ones loving, of the ones who love

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to love'. It refers to 'those who love' or 'the ones loving'. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'from' the group of people who love.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΥΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἀγαπάω (agapaō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the noun ἀγάπη (agapē), meaning 'love'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G5368

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: phi-LOON-tes

Translations: loving, a loving one, those loving, fond of, those fond of, kissing, those kissing

Notes: This is a present active participle of the verb 'phileō', meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of'. It describes an ongoing action of loving or being fond of something or someone. It can function as an adjective, describing a noun, or as a substantive, referring to 'those who are loving' or 'those who are fond of'. It can also mean 'to kiss'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΩΝΤΕΣ, ΕΡΩΝΤΕΣ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating a change of state, an event happening, or the coming into existence of something. It is often used to describe what happened or what came about.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΕΝΝΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or originating.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thooss

Translations: of a multitude, of a crowd, of a great number, of a throng, of a quantity, of a great amount, of a fullness, of a great company

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things, a multitude, or a crowd. It can also denote a great amount or fullness. It is used to describe a large gathering of people or a significant quantity of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the root *pleth-, related to the idea of being full or abundant. It is connected to the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₁- meaning 'to fill'.

G2628

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-dee-OH-kon-tes

Translations: pursuing, those pursuing, who are pursuing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'pursuing' or 'those who are pursuing'. It describes an ongoing action of chasing or following with hostile intent. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'διώκω' (diōkō), meaning 'to pursue' or 'to chase'. The compound intensifies the action of pursuit.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΞΑΝΤΕΣ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-bon

Translations: I overtook, I apprehended, I seized, I grasped, I comprehended, I perceived, I found

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take hold of something, either physically by seizing or grasping, or mentally by comprehending or perceiving. It can also mean to overtake someone or something, or to find something. Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often implying a successful or complete act of taking or grasping.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G0303

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix

Sounds like: ah-NAH

Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon

Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: thlee-BON-tone

Translations: of those who afflict, of those who oppress, of those who trouble, of those who distress

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'thlibo', meaning to press, squeeze, or afflict. As a participle, it describes the action of 'those who are pressing' or 'those who are afflicting'. It is used to refer to people or groups who cause distress or hardship.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'thlibo' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to press' or 'to crush'.

Part of Speech: Letter

Sounds like: DAH-leth

Translations: Daleth, the letter Daleth

Notes: This is the fourth letter of the Hebrew alphabet, Daleth (ד). In some biblical texts, particularly acrostic poems like those found in Lamentations, each stanza or section begins with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. Therefore, 'Daleth' here indicates the section of the text that begins with this letter. It also has a numerical value of four.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word 'Daleth' is a direct transliteration of the Hebrew letter 'Dalet' (ד), which means 'door'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: er-KHO-me-noos

Translations: coming, going, those coming, those who come, the ones coming

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'coming' or 'going'. It describes an action that is currently happening or is continuous. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, often referring to 'the one who is coming' or 'those who are coming'. It can be used to describe people or things in motion towards a destination or state.

Inflection: Present, Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1858

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-or-TEE

Translations: feast, a feast, festival, a festival, holiday, a holiday

Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or holiday, a time of celebration and special observance. It is often used in the context of Jewish or Christian religious feasts. It can be used to denote the specific day of a festival or the entire period of celebration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (though it can appear in other cases and numbers depending on context, e.g., Genitive as in ΕΟΡΤΗΣ)

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΟΡΤΗ comes from an older Greek word, perhaps related to a root meaning 'to gather' or 'to celebrate'. It has been used since ancient times to refer to public festivals or holidays.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G4439

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PY-lai

Translations: gates, a gate

Notes: This word refers to a gate, typically a large entrance to a city, fortress, or building. In its plural form, it often refers to the collective gates of a city. It can be used literally for physical gates or metaphorically to represent access, power, or authority.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative; or Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΘΥΡΑ, ΠΥΛΩΝ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the verb 'πελάζω' (pelazo), meaning 'to approach' or 'to bring near', suggesting a place of entry.

G0008

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-fah-nees-MEH-nai

Translations: made invisible, destroyed, perished, vanished, ruined, consumed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'αφανίζω'. It describes something that has been made to disappear, destroyed, or caused to vanish. It implies a state of being completely gone or ruined, often with a sense of finality. It can be used to describe things that are no longer visible or have ceased to exist.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Feminine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΕΞΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

G0389

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-steh-NAH-zoh-sin

Translations: they groan, they sigh, they lament, they sigh deeply

Notes: This word describes the act of groaning or sighing deeply, often as an expression of grief, pain, or distress. It implies a profound and audible expression of sorrow or lamentation. It is typically used to describe a group of people performing this action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ, ὈΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΠΤΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and στενάζω (stenazo), meaning 'to groan' or 'to sigh'. The prefix intensifies the action of groaning, suggesting a deep or repeated sigh.

G0071

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-go-MEH-nai

Translations: being led, being brought, being driven, being carried, being kept, being celebrated

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being led' or 'being brought'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of being led, brought, driven, or carried. It can also refer to something being kept or celebrated, depending on the context. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or it can act as a substantive (a noun).

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΑΙ, ΕΛΚΟΜΕΝΑΙ

G4087

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pik-RAI-noh-meh-nee

Translations: being embittered, being made bitter, being grieved, being distressed

Notes: This word describes the state of being made bitter, whether literally in taste or figuratively in spirit. It can refer to a person becoming resentful, grieved, or distressed. It is often used to describe a state of emotional bitterness or sorrow.

Inflection: Singular, Present, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΥΠΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΣΤΕΝΑΖΟΥΣΑ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word πικρός (pikros), meaning 'bitter'. The verb form means 'to make bitter' or 'to become bitter'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THLEE-bon-tes

Translations: those who afflict, those who trouble, oppressors, persecutors

Notes: This word is a present active participle, plural, masculine, nominative, or accusative case, derived from the verb 'θλίβω' (thlibō). It refers to individuals who are actively causing distress, trouble, or oppression. It can be translated as 'those who afflict' or 'oppressors' and is often used to describe enemies or adversaries.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΩΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΙ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ

G2190

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ekh-THROY

Translations: enemies, foes, adversaries

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial towards someone or something. It is used to describe opponents, whether in conflict, legal disputes, or general opposition. It can be used in a literal sense for military adversaries or in a more figurative sense for those who are opposed to a person's beliefs or actions.

Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine; Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb ἔχθω (echthō), meaning 'to hate'. It is related to the concept of hatred and hostility.

G2157

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-thee-NOO-san

Translations: prospering, thriving, flourishing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'euthēneō', meaning to prosper, thrive, or flourish. It describes something or someone that is currently in a state of prosperity or success. It can be used to describe a person, a nation, or even a venture that is doing well.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΟΔΌΩ, ΕΥ̓ΤΥΧΈΩ

Etymology: From the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well', and θήνη (thēnē), meaning 'abundance' or 'plenty'. It literally means 'to be in good abundance'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G5013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tah-peh-NEE-noh-sen

Translations: he humbled, he brought low, he abased

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to humble,' 'to bring low,' or 'to abase.' It describes the action of someone or something being made humble or being lowered in status or position. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΦΡΟΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΩ (tapeinoō) comes from the adjective ΤΑΠΕΙΝΟΣ (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly,' 'humble,' or 'abased.'

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay-san

Translations: they went, they departed, they traveled, they walked

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to depart', 'to travel', or 'to walk'. It describes the act of moving from one place to another. The form 'ἘΠΟΡΕΥΘΗΣΑΝ' indicates that the action was completed in the past by a group of people (third person plural). It is often used to describe a journey or a movement towards a destination.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) comes from the Greek word πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies movement along a path or route.

G0005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-SEE-ah

Translations: captivity, a captivity, exile, a state of being captive

Notes: This word refers to the state of being held captive, often in war, or the condition of exile. It describes the act of being taken prisoner or the period of time spent in such a state. It is a compound word derived from 'αἰχμή' (spear) and 'ἁλίσκομαι' (to be captured), literally meaning 'captured by the spear'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΤΕΙΑ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ἈΠΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΣΙΑ is a compound noun formed from αἰχμή (aichmē), meaning 'spear' or 'point of a spear', and the verbal root ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. Thus, it literally means 'capture by spear' or 'capture in war'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THLEE-bon-tos

Translations: of those afflicting, of those pressing, of those troubling, of those distressing

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine, neuter, or feminine plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'thlibo'. It refers to someone or something that is currently afflicting, pressing, troubling, or distressing. It is often used to describe those who cause hardship or tribulation.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Singular (Masculine or Neuter) or Plural (Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter)

Synonyms: ΠΙΕΖΟΝΤΟΣ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΘΛΙΨΕΩΣ

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-AIR-thay

Translations: was taken away, was removed, was lifted up, was exalted, was carried away

Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist, indicative, passive form of the verb ΕΞΑΙΡΩ (exairō). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΑΙΡΩ (airō), meaning 'to lift', 'to take up', or 'to carry'. Therefore, ΕΞΑΙΡΩ means 'to take out', 'to remove', 'to lift up', or 'to carry away'. In its passive form, ἘΞΗΡΘΗ indicates that something 'was taken away', 'was removed', or 'was lifted up'. It can be used to describe the removal of something physical, or the lifting up or exalting of something or someone.

Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΥΨΟΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΞΑΙΡΩ (exairō) is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΑΙΡΩ (airō), meaning 'to lift', 'to take up', or 'to carry'. The root ΑΙΡΩ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lift' or 'to raise'.

G2156

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-PREH-peh-yah

Translations: beauty, comeliness, splendor, grace, a beauty, a comeliness, a splendor, a grace

Notes: This word refers to beauty, comeliness, or splendor, often implying an outward appearance that is fitting, proper, or attractive. It can describe the inherent beauty or dignity of something, or the grace and decorum with which something is done. It is a compound word formed from 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and 'πρέπω' (prepo), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΛΟΣ, ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From the Greek adjective εὐπρεπής (euprepēs), meaning 'well-fitting', 'comely', or 'beautiful'. This adjective is derived from εὖ (eu, 'well') and πρέπω (prepō, 'to be fitting', 'to be proper').

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-RIS-kon-tes

Translations: finding, those finding, discovering, those discovering, obtaining, those obtaining

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ', meaning 'to find', 'to discover', or 'to obtain'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can be translated as 'finding' or 'those who are finding', depending on the context. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'those finding the truth' or 'while finding a solution'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-on-toh

Translations: they were going, they went, they traveled, they proceeded

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to travel', or 'to proceed'. It describes an action of movement. The form 'ἘΠΟΡΕΥΟΝΤΟ' indicates that the action was ongoing or repeated in the past, often translated as 'they were going' or 'they went' (in a continuous sense). It is commonly used to describe people moving from one place to another.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: is-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, to power, to might, to ability, by strength, by power, by might, by ability

Notes: This word refers to strength, power, or might. It can denote physical strength, moral power, or inherent ability. It is often used to describe the capacity to do something or to overcome obstacles. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action related to strength.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

G1377

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-OH-kon-tos

Translations: pursuing, persecuting, chasing, following, running after, pressing on, driving, a pursuer, a persecutor

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'διώκω'. It describes someone or something that is actively pursuing, chasing, or persecuting. It can also mean to follow after, press on towards a goal, or drive something. It is often used to describe an ongoing action of pursuit or persecution.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

Part of Speech: Letter

Sounds like: ZAH-een

Translations: Zain, Z

Notes: This is the name of the seventh letter of the Hebrew alphabet, 'Zain' (or 'Zayin'). In the context of the provided examples, it functions as a heading or marker for sections of an acrostic poem, similar to how chapters or verses are marked. Each section of the poem would begin with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. This practice is common in certain books of the Old Testament, such as Lamentations, which is where these examples appear to be drawn from.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Zain' comes from the Phoenician letter 'zayin', which means 'weapon' or 'sword'. It is the seventh letter of the Hebrew alphabet and was adopted into the Greek alphabet as 'zeta'.

G3403

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-NEES-thay

Translations: remembered, was reminded, called to mind

Notes: This verb means to remember, to recall, or to be reminded of something. It is often used in the context of God remembering His covenant or people, or people remembering God's works or commands. It can also mean to make mention of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΟΝΕΥΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From μνάομαι (mnaomai), meaning 'to remember', which is related to μνήμη (mnēmē), 'memory'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: ah-POS-mohn

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. It does not appear to be a standard Koine Greek word. The prefix ἈΠΩ- (apo-) typically means 'from' or 'away from', but the rest of the word does not correspond to known Greek vocabulary. Given the context, it might be a corruption of a word related to 'desolation' or 'turning away'.

Inflection: Unknown

Etymology: Cannot find any information about the etymology of this word, as it does not appear to be a recognized Koine Greek term.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-SEIN

Translations: to fall, to fall down, to fall prostrate, to fall into, to fall upon, to perish

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It can describe a literal physical fall, such as falling to the ground, or a more figurative fall, like falling into sin or error. It can also mean to fall down in worship or submission, or to fall upon something or someone. In some contexts, it can imply perishing or being overthrown.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΕΙΝ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΕΙΝ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word πίπτω (piptō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pet-, meaning 'to rush, to fly, to fall'.

G0997

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boh-ay-THOHN

Translations: helping, a helper, one who helps

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'βοηθέω' (boētheō), meaning 'to help' or 'to come to the aid of'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally (describing someone who is helping) or substantivally (referring to 'the one who helps' or 'a helper'). It indicates someone actively providing assistance or support.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΩΝ, ΕΠΙΚΟΥΡΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'βοηθέω' (boētheō) is a compound word derived from 'βοή' (boē), meaning 'a cry' or 'shout', and 'θέω' (theō), meaning 'to run'. Thus, it literally means 'to run at a cry for help', evolving into the general sense of 'to help' or 'to assist'.

G2733

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-toy-keh-SEE-ah

Translations: habitation, a habitation, dwelling, abode

Notes: This word refers to a place where someone lives or dwells. It signifies a permanent residence or a settled place of habitation. It is used to describe a dwelling place, whether for people or animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΟΙΚΕΣΙΑ (katoikesia) is derived from the verb κατοικέω (katoikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It combines the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', with οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to dwell' or 'to live'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4535

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SAH-los

Translations: commotion, a commotion, shaking, a shaking, tossing, a tossing, surge, a surge, billow, a billow

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, disturbance, or violent motion, often associated with the sea (like the tossing of waves) or with a general shaking or commotion. It can describe a physical disturbance or a metaphorical one, such as a state of upheaval or instability.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΥΔΩΝ, ΤΑΡΑΧΗ, ΣΕΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΑΛΟΣ (salos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the idea of 'to shake' or 'to sway'.

G5013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tah-peh-NOH-sahn

Translations: they humbled, they abased, they brought low, they humiliated

Notes: This word describes the action of humbling, abasing, or bringing someone or something low. It can refer to a literal lowering in status or position, or a metaphorical humbling of pride or power. It is often used in contexts where someone is made to feel less important or is subjected to a lower condition.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΟΦΊΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΟΥΛΌΩ

Etymology: From ταπεινός (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly' or 'humble'. The verb form means to make low or humble.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: I saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Specifically, it is an aorist indicative form, which describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be used for various subjects, such as 'I saw', 'he/she/it saw', or 'they saw', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕἸΔΟΝ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G0808

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: as-khee-mo-SOO-neen

Translations: indecency, an indecency, dishonor, shame, nakedness

Notes: This word refers to a state of indecency, dishonor, or shame. It can also refer to physical nakedness or an unseemly act. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'σχημοσύνη' (schēmosynē, meaning 'form', 'figure', or 'propriety'). Thus, it literally means 'without proper form' or 'improper behavior'. It is used to describe something that is unseemly or disgraceful.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑἸΣΧΥΝΗ, ἈΤΙΜΙΑ, ΓΥΜΝΟΤΗΣ

G4727

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: steh-NAH-zoo-sah

Translations: groaning, sighing, lamenting, a groaning (woman), a sighing (woman), a lamenting (woman)

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'groaning' or 'sighing'. It describes an ongoing action of expressing deep sorrow, pain, or frustration through sounds like groans or sighs. As a participle, it can function like an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the groaning woman'), or like an adverb, describing how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-tra-FEE

Translations: was turned away, was turned back, was returned, turned away, returned

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb ἀποστρέφω. It means 'to be turned away' or 'to be returned'. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (away from) and the verb στρέφω (to turn). It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being turned away or returned.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀποστρέφω is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Its etymology reflects the action of turning something away or back from a point of origin.

G3694

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: O-PI-so

Translations: behind, after, back, backward, afterwards

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'behind' or 'backwards', indicating direction or position. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'behind' or 'after' in terms of place or time. For example, it can refer to following someone or something, or to events that occur later.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the Greek root *ὀπίς (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind'.

G167

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-kah-THAR-see-ah

Translations: uncleanness, impurity, filth, an uncleanness, an impurity, a filth

Notes: This word refers to a state of ritual, moral, or spiritual impurity or defilement. It signifies a lack of cleanliness, often in a figurative sense, referring to sin or moral corruption rather than physical dirt. It can be used to describe actions, thoughts, or a general state of being that is considered impure or defiled.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΜΙΑΣΜΑ, ΡΥΠΑΡΙΑ, ΜΟΛΥΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΚΑΘΑΡΣΙΑ (akatharsia) is derived from the Greek adjective ἀκάθαρτος (akathartos), meaning 'unclean' or 'impure'. This adjective is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and καθαρός (katharos), meaning 'clean' or 'pure'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2078

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ES-kha-tah

Translations: last, final, outermost, end, a last thing, the end

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very end, the furthest point, or the most extreme. It can refer to the last in a series, the outermost boundary, or the ultimate state of something. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun, or as a noun itself meaning 'the end' or 'the last thing'.

Inflection: Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative, or Feminine Singular Nominative

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΙΟΣ, ἘΣΧΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔσχατος (eschatos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *eghs- meaning 'out'. It refers to the extreme or last point in space or time.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-bee-BAH-sen

Translations: brought down, cast down, lowered, caused to descend

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to bring down, cast down, or cause to descend. It is often used to describe the action of moving something from a higher position to a lower one, whether literally or figuratively. It can refer to physical descent, or to a reduction in status or power.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΒΙΒΑΖΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΒΙΒΑΖΩ (BIBAZO), meaning 'to cause to go' or 'to make to step'.

G5246

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-per-ON-gah

Translations: excessive, arrogant, boastful, great swelling, pompous, extravagant, arrogant things, boastful things

Notes: This word describes something that is excessively large, overbearing, or arrogant. It is often used to characterize words or actions that are boastful, pompous, or extravagant, implying a sense of pride or self-importance that goes beyond what is appropriate.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΑ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΑ, ΚΑΥΧΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over, above, beyond', and 'ὄγκος' (onkos), meaning 'bulk, mass, swelling'. Thus, it literally means 'over-swelling' or 'excessively bulky'.

G3170

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-meh-gah-LOON-thay

Translations: was magnified, was made great, was exalted, was glorified

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'μεγαλύνω', meaning 'to magnify' or 'to make great'. In this form, it indicates that the subject was magnified, made great, or exalted by someone or something else. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, with the subject being the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΨΟΩ, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ

G2190

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: EKH-thros

Translations: enemy, an enemy, hostile, hateful

Notes: This word refers to an adversary or opponent, someone who is hostile or an enemy. It can be used as both a noun to describe a person who is an enemy, or as an adjective to describe something as hostile or hateful. It is often used in a personal sense, referring to someone who is actively opposed to another.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ

Etymology: From a primary word ἔχθω (echthō, to hate). It describes someone who is an object of hatred or who harbors hatred.

G1486

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-OH-th

Translations: I am accustomed, I am used to, I am in the habit of

Notes: This word is an archaic perfect form of the verb 'ἔθω' (ethō), meaning 'to be accustomed' or 'to be in the habit of'. It is often used impersonally or with an infinitive to express what is customary or habitual. The form 'ἰῶθ' (iōth) is a rare, archaic perfect form, specifically the third person singular, which would typically be 'εἴωθε' (eiōthe) in more common Koine usage. The presence of the iota subscript (ἰ) suggests a potential scribal variation or a very specific dialectal or archaic usage, possibly indicating a contraction or a variant of the perfect stem. Given its rarity and the context of the provided examples, it is highly probable that 'ἸΩΘ' is a variant or a less common perfect form of 'ἔθω', or potentially a misspelling of 'εἴωθε'.

Inflection: Perfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular (archaic/rare form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΘΙΖΩ, ΕΙΩΘΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *swedʰ- (to be accustomed, own, peculiar). It is related to words meaning 'custom' or 'habit'.

G1600

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-eh-peh-TAH-sen

Translations: stretched out, spread out, extended

Notes: This word means to stretch out, spread out, or extend, often referring to hands, wings, or a net. It describes an action of expanding something outwards. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (out of, from) and 'πετάννυμι' (to spread, to open).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΠΕΤΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐκπετάννυμι is a compound of the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πετάννυμι (petannymi), meaning 'to spread' or 'to open'. The root πετάννυμι is related to words signifying 'to fly' or 'to spread wings'.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: THLI-bon

Translations: pressing, afflicting, oppressing, crushing, squeezing, tribulating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'θλίβω' (thlibō). It describes an action of pressing, squeezing, or causing distress. It can refer to physical pressure, like crushing grapes, or to metaphorical pressure, such as affliction, oppression, or tribulation. It is used to describe someone who is actively causing such pressure or experiencing it.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΕΖΩΝ, ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΘΛΙΒΩΝ

Etymology: The verb θλίβω (thlibō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to press' or 'to rub'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ice-EL-thon-tah

Translations: having entered, entering, who entered, to enter

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having entered' or 'entering'. It describes an action that has been completed or is in the process of being completed by the subject. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or as an adverb, indicating the circumstances of the main verb's action. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'when he entered' or 'the one who entered'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΜΒΑΊΝΟΝΤΑ, ἘΜΠΟΡΕΥΌΜΕΝΟΝ

G0038

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GHEE-as-mah

Translations: sanctuary, a sanctuary, holy place, a holy place, consecrated thing, a consecrated thing, holy thing, a holy thing

Notes: This word refers to something that has been consecrated or made holy. It can denote a sacred place, such as a temple or a part of it, or a sacred object. It is used to describe anything set apart for God's use or presence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΝ, ΝΑΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΑΓΙΑΣΜΑ is derived from the verb ΑΓΙΑΖΩ (hagiazo), meaning 'to sanctify' or 'to make holy'. It refers to the result or product of the act of sanctification.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G1781

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-TEH-lee-loh

Translations: commanded, ordered, charged, enjoined

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to command, order, or give instructions. It is used to describe the act of issuing a directive or a charge to someone. It implies a formal or authoritative instruction that is expected to be followed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΤΕΛΛΩ (entellō) is derived from the prefix ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and τέλλω (tellō), meaning 'to accomplish' or 'to bring to an end'. Thus, it originally conveyed the idea of bringing something to completion by command or instruction.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-EL-thain

Translations: to enter, to go in, to come in

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to enter' or 'to go in'. It describes the action of moving into a place or situation. It is often used to indicate the commencement of an action or the arrival at a destination.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕἸΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕἸΣΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-an

Translations: assembly, a church, the church, a congregation, the congregation

Notes: This word refers to an assembly or a gathering of people, often for a specific purpose. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the Christian church or a local congregation of believers. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. Thus, it literally means 'a calling out' or 'those called out'. It can be used in sentences like 'They gathered the assembly' or 'He spoke to the church'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: KHAHF

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It is not found in standard Koine Greek lexicons and appears to be either a garbled or badly misspelled word, or possibly a transliteration of a non-Greek sound or word. Given the context provided, it seems to precede sentences, which might suggest it's a placeholder, a chapter/verse marker, or an abbreviation, but its exact function and meaning remain unknown.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: Cannot find any information about the origin or development of this word, as it is not a recognized Koine Greek term.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G2660

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-steh-NAH-zon-tes

Translations: groaning, sighing, lamenting, sighing deeply

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'intensifying') and στενάζω (stenazo, 'to groan' or 'to sigh'). It means to groan or sigh deeply, often indicating distress, pain, or sorrow. It describes an action of expressing deep inner feelings through audible sounds.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΑΖΩ, ΣΤΕΝΑΓΜΟΣ

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: zay-TOON-tes

Translations: seeking, looking for, searching for, desiring, requiring

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ζητέω' (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to look for'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially, often translated as 'those who are seeking' or 'while seeking'. It implies an active and continuous effort to find or obtain something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOH-kahn

Translations: they gave, they did give

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they gave' or 'they did give'. It describes an action of giving that occurred in the past. It is typically used when referring to multiple subjects who performed the act of giving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΩΚΑΝ, ΕΔΩΚΑΝ

Etymology: The root word δίδωμι (didōmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, common in ancient Greek verbs.

G1035

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BROH-see

Translations: (to) food, (for) food, (by) food, (with) food, (in) food, (to) eating, (for) eating, (by) eating, (with) eating, (in) eating, (to) corrosion, (for) corrosion, (by) corrosion, (with) corrosion, (in) corrosion, a food, an eating, a corrosion

Notes: This word refers to the act of eating, the food itself, or the process of corrosion or decay. It can be used to describe sustenance or the destructive action of something like rust. In a sentence, it would indicate the means or object related to eating or decay.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΟΦΗ, ΕΔΕΣΜΑ, ΒΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΒΡΩΣΙΣ comes from the verb βιϐρώσκω (bibrosko), meaning 'to eat'. It refers to the act or result of eating.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sai

Translations: to turn, to return, to turn back, to convert, to restore

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to turn' or 'to return'. It is often used to describe a physical turning or returning to a place, but can also signify a moral or spiritual turning, such as converting to a new belief or repenting from sin. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G0818

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-tee-MOH-meh-nee

Translations: dishonored, disgraced, humiliated, despised, treated with contempt, a dishonored one, a disgraced one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been dishonored' or 'having been treated with contempt'. It describes someone or something that has suffered dishonor or disgrace. It can be used to describe a person who has been humiliated or a thing that has been despised.

Inflection: Singular, Perfect, Passive, Participle, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΟΣ, ΑΤΙΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἀτιμάζω (atimazō) comes from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and τιμάω (timaō), meaning 'to honor' or 'to value'. Thus, it literally means 'to treat without honor' or 'to dishonor'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sah-teh

Translations: return, turn back, turn around, convert

Notes: This word means to turn around, to return, or to convert. It can be used literally to describe a physical turning or returning to a place or person. It is also frequently used metaphorically to describe a spiritual turning or conversion, often implying repentance and a change of direction in one's life towards God.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G0009

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AL-goss

Translations: pain, a pain, suffering, grief, sorrow, affliction

Notes: This word refers to physical pain, suffering, or emotional grief and sorrow. It can be used to describe any kind of distress, whether bodily or mental. For example, it might be used to speak of the pain of a wound or the sorrow felt due to a loss.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΥΝΗ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ

Etymology: The word "ἈΛΓΟΣ" comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to suffer' or 'to be in pain'. It is related to other words in various languages that convey a sense of distress or affliction.

G5350

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: fth-ENG-xah-meh-nos

Translations: speaking, uttering, proclaiming, having spoken, having uttered

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to utter' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the sentence, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who has spoken or is in the act of speaking, often with a sense of making a sound or giving voice to something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ

G2372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THY-moo

Translations: (of) passion, (of) anger, (of) wrath, (of) indignation, (of) a passion, (of) an anger, (of) a wrath, (of) an indignation

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often intense and sudden, emotional outburst or passion. It can denote anger, wrath, or indignation, often with the implication of a boiling or surging emotion. It describes a powerful emotional state, sometimes referring to the seat of emotions or the soul itself.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to rush, to rage', referring to a strong, often violent, emotional state.

G3361

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, never

Notes: This word is most likely a misspelling or a scribal error for the Koine Greek negative particle ΜΗ (mē). It is used to express a negative command, prohibition, or a conditional negation. It is often translated as 'not' or 'lest' and is typically used with subjunctive or imperative moods. For example, 'Μὴ κλέψῃς' means 'Do not steal.' It can also introduce a clause expressing fear or caution.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΚ, ΟΥΧ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meh₁- (negative particle).

G5311

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: YP-soos

Translations: of height, of high, of the height, of the high place, height, a height, high place, a high place, from on high

Notes: This word refers to height, a high place, or figuratively, to heaven or the heavens. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, often indicating origin or source, such as 'from on high' or 'from a high place'. It can refer to physical elevation or a spiritual, exalted position.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ, ΥΨΩΜΑ

Etymology: From the adjective ὑψηλός (hypsēlos), meaning 'high' or 'lofty'. It is related to the root *hypo- meaning 'under' or 'below', but in this context, it refers to the opposite, 'up' or 'above'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

G1287

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-peh-TAH-sen

Translations: spread out, stretched out, extended

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb πετάννυμι (petannymi), meaning 'to spread' or 'to unfold'. Together, it means to spread out, stretch out, or extend something completely. It is often used to describe the action of spreading out nets, hands, or tents.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΠΕΤΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb διαπετάννυμι is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb πετάννυμι (petannymi), meaning 'to spread out'.

G0006

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-fah-nee-SMEH-neen

Translations: made invisible, destroyed, perished, vanished, consumed, disfigured, hidden, a hidden one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been made invisible' or 'having been destroyed'. It describes something that has been caused to disappear or be ruined. It can be used to describe things that are hidden, consumed, or have vanished. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can act as part of a verbal phrase.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΞΑΛΕΙΦΩ, ΚΡΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀφανίζω (aphanizō) comes from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and φαίνω (phainō), meaning 'to show' or 'to appear'. Thus, it literally means 'to make not appear' or 'to make invisible'.

G4844

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ep-LAH-kay-san

Translations: they were entangled, they were intertwined, they fought, they engaged in combat

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΠΛΕΚΩ (PLEKŌ), meaning 'to plait', 'to weave', or 'to intertwine'. In its compound form, it means 'to intertwine together', 'to entangle', or metaphorically, 'to engage in combat' or 'to fight'. It describes an action where multiple parties become involved or intertwined, often in a struggle or conflict.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G0770

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ays-THEH-nay-sen

Translations: was weak, became weak, was sick, became sick, was ill, became ill, was feeble, became feeble

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be weak, sick, or feeble. It describes a state of lacking strength, whether physical, moral, or spiritual. It is often used in the context of illness or infirmity, but can also refer to a general state of weakness or inability. In a sentence, it would describe someone or something that became or was in a state of weakness.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΡΩΣΤΕΩ, ΚΑΚΩΣ ΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ is derived from the Greek words ἀ- (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and σθένος (sthenos), meaning "strength" or "vigor." Thus, it literally means "without strength."

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: iss-KHOOS

Translations: strength, power, might, force, ability, a strength, a power, a might

Notes: This word is a noun referring to strength, power, or might. It denotes inherent ability, physical or moral force, and capacity to act or endure. It can be used to describe the power of God, the strength of a nation, or the ability of an individual.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ischys' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ischō' (to have strength, to be able). It refers to inherent strength or power.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: SAM-kh

Translations: unknown

Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It appears to be a sequence of Greek letters (Sigma, Alpha, Mu, Chi) that does not form a recognized word in Koine Greek. Given its placement at the beginning of sentences in the provided examples, it is highly probable that it represents a transliteration or abbreviation of a word from another language, most likely Hebrew. In the context of the Septuagint (the Greek Old Testament), such sequences often indicate the beginning of a new section or chapter, particularly when transliterating Hebrew chapter or verse markers, or possibly a scribal error or a non-Greek element. It is not a standard Greek word and its meaning cannot be determined from Greek alone.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: Cannot find any information about the etymology of this word as it does not appear to be a standard Greek word.

G1807

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-AI-ren

Translations: he took away, he lifted up, he removed, he carried away, he exalted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb αἴρω (airō), meaning 'to lift' or 'to take up'. Therefore, ἐξαίρω means 'to lift out', 'to take away', or 'to remove'. It can also mean 'to exalt' or 'to raise up'. It describes an action of removal or elevation, often with a sense of completion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3319

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: MEH-soo

Translations: middle, midst, among, between, in the middle, in the midst, (of) the middle, (of) the midst

Notes: This word refers to the middle or midst of something. As an adjective, it describes something as being in the middle. When used as a noun, often in the genitive case (like ΜΕΣΟΥ), it functions adverbially to indicate being in the midst of or among something or someone, frequently appearing with prepositions like διά (through) or ἐν (in).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΜΕΣΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *medʰyo- (middle). It is cognate with Latin medius and English mid.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G4937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-TREEP-sai

Translations: to break, to crush, to shatter, to bruise, to destroy

Notes: This word means to break completely, to crush, or to shatter. It can be used literally for breaking objects or metaphorically for destroying power, pride, or a person's spirit. It implies a thorough and often violent breaking.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΘΛΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΝΘΛΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΡΙΒΩ (tribo), meaning 'to rub', 'to wear out', or 'to break'. Thus, it literally means 'to rub together' or 'to wear out completely', leading to the sense of 'to crush' or 'to shatter'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: A-IN

Translations: where, whither, to what place, in what place

Notes: This word is an adverb or particle meaning 'where' or 'whither'. It indicates location or direction. It can be used to ask a question about location or to state a location. It does not inflect.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΥ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The etymology of this specific form is not clearly documented as a standalone root in standard Koine lexicons, often being considered an archaic or poetic form of 'where'. It is likely related to the interrogative/relative pronominal stem *ho-.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-ohn

Translations: returning, turning, turning back, converting, restoring

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'epistrephō'. It describes an action of returning, turning back, or converting that is ongoing or habitual. It can refer to a physical turning or returning, or a spiritual turning or conversion, such as turning to God. It can also imply restoring something to its original state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

G0008

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ee-fah-nees-MEH-noy

Translations: made invisible, destroyed, vanished, disappeared, perished, abolished, consumed, defaced, corrupted

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been made invisible' or 'having been destroyed'. It describes something that has been caused to disappear or be ruined. It can be used to describe things that are no longer seen, or things that have been utterly consumed or abolished.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΕΞΑΛΕΙΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Greek ἀφανής (aphanēs, “invisible”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + φαίνω (phainō, “to show, appear”). Thus, literally 'to make unseen'.

G2901

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-rah-tah-ee-OH-thay

Translations: was strengthened, was made strong, became strong, was mighty, became mighty

Notes: This word describes something or someone being made strong, becoming strong, or being mighty. It is often used to indicate an increase in power, influence, or physical strength, or to describe someone who has been established in power. It is a compound word, derived from the root 'κράτος' (kratos), meaning 'strength' or 'power'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΩ, ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΟΩ

G0614

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-ka-thee-MEH-neen

Translations: sitting, dwelling, residing, remaining, abiding, a sitting one, a dwelling one

Notes: This word is a present participle, indicating an ongoing action of sitting, dwelling, or residing. It is often used to describe someone who is settled in a place or remaining in a particular state. The prefix 'ἀπο-' (apo-) can intensify the meaning or suggest a separation, but in this context, it primarily emphasizes the act of sitting or dwelling firmly.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Middle/Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΗΝ, ΟΙΚΟΥΣΑΝ, ΜΕΝΟΥΣΑΝ

Etymology: The root verb ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ (kathēmai) comes from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and the verb ἧμαι (hēmai), meaning 'to sit'. Thus, it literally means 'to sit down' or 'to be seated'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss

Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G4750

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STOH-mah

Translations: mouth, an mouth, opening, edge, speech, utterance

Notes: This word refers to the mouth of a person or animal. It can also metaphorically refer to an opening or entrance, such as the mouth of a river or a cave. Furthermore, it is often used to denote speech, utterance, or the edge of a sword or other sharp object, implying the 'cutting' or 'speaking' part. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΟΜΑΤΟΣ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΙ, ΣΤΟΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'mouth' or 'opening'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G3949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ep-ik-RAH-nah

Translations: provoked, embittered, grieved, angered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'against', and the verb 'πικραίνω' (pikraino), meaning 'to make bitter'. Together, it means to provoke, embitter, or grieve someone, often implying an act that causes bitterness or resentment. It describes an action that makes someone feel bitter or angry, or to rebel against something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ

G2974

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KOPH

Translations: deaf, dumb, mute, blind, dull, a deaf person, a mute person, a blind person

Notes: This word describes someone who is unable to hear (deaf) or unable to speak (mute/dumb). It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is dull of understanding or spiritually blind, unable to perceive spiritual truths. It can function as a substantive, referring to a deaf or mute person.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΛΟΣ, ΑΦΩΝΟΣ, ΤΥΦΛΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of a dull thud or a muffled sound, which then came to describe the state of being unable to hear or speak.

G2038

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-ras-TAS

Translations: lovers, paramours

Notes: This word refers to a lover or paramour, often with a connotation of illicit or passionate love. It is typically used to describe someone who is romantically or sexually involved with another person, sometimes outside of marriage. In the provided examples, it appears in the accusative plural, indicating that the 'lovers' are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΣ, ἘΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb ἐράω (eraō), meaning 'to love passionately' or 'to desire'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3884

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-loh-GHEE-san-toh

Translations: they deceived, they deluded, they misled, they cheated

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to deceive, delude, or mislead someone, often by false reasoning, sophistry, or trickery. It implies leading someone astray through specious arguments or by taking them by surprise. It is formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon' or 'to consider'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΕΞΑΠΑΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word παράλογίζομαι (paralogizomai) is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, contrary to', and λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon, compute, consider'. The combination suggests a reckoning or reasoning that goes astray or is contrary to truth.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-EH-li-pon

Translations: they failed, they ceased, they vanished, they came to an end, they were consumed, they fainted

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to lack'. Together, it means 'to fail, to cease, to vanish, to come to an end, to be consumed, or to faint'. It describes something that is no longer present or has run out, often implying a complete cessation or disappearance. It can be used to describe resources running out, people dying or disappearing, or strength failing.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΠΑΥΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-soh-sin

Translations: they may return, they may turn back, they may convert

Notes: This word means to turn around, to return, or to convert. It can be used literally to describe a physical turning or returning to a place, or figuratively to describe a spiritual turning or conversion, such as turning to God or turning away from sin. It implies a change of direction or allegiance.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Subjunctive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and στρέφω (strephō, 'to turn'). It literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thlee-BOH-my

Translations: I am afflicted, I am distressed, I suffer tribulation, I am pressed, I am troubled

Notes: This verb describes the state of being pressed, afflicted, or distressed. It is often used to convey suffering or hardship, indicating that one is experiencing tribulation or difficulty. It can be used in contexts of physical pressure or emotional/spiritual distress.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to press' or 'to rub'.

G2836

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koy-LEE-ah

Translations: belly, a belly, womb, a womb, stomach, intestines, inner being, of the belly, to the belly

Notes: This word refers to the belly, abdomen, or stomach. It can also refer to the womb, especially in the context of birth or conception. Metaphorically, it can denote the inner being, the seat of emotions or thoughts, or the innermost part of something. It is used in various contexts, from literal anatomical references to figurative expressions of one's deepest self.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΑΣΤΗΡ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: From Koine Greek, likely related to κοῖλος (koilos), meaning 'hollow' or 'concave', referring to the hollow part of the body.

G5015

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ta-RAKH-thay

Translations: he was troubled, she was troubled, it was troubled, he was disturbed, she was disturbed, it was disturbed, he was agitated, she was agitated, it was agitated

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō). It means 'to be troubled,' 'to be disturbed,' or 'to be agitated.' It describes a state of inner turmoil, fear, or confusion experienced by a person or thing. It is used to indicate that someone or something was caused to be in a state of disquiet or alarm.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Singular, Third Person

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ

G3893

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-pik-RAI-noo-sa

Translations: embittering, provoking, rebellious, provoking to anger, a provoking, a rebellious

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'embittering' or 'provoking to anger'. It describes something or someone that causes bitterness or rebellion. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'against', and 'πικραίνω' (pikrainō), meaning 'to make bitter'. Thus, it literally means 'to make exceedingly bitter' or 'to provoke greatly'. It can be used to describe a person, a generation, or an action that causes strong resentment or opposition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΠΙΚΡΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, against', and the verb πικραίνω (pikrainō), meaning 'to make bitter'. Πικραίνω itself derives from πικρός (pikros), meaning 'bitter'.

G3893

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ep-ik-RAN-thayn

Translations: I was greatly embittered, I was made very bitter, I was provoked, I was greatly provoked

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the root 'pikrainō' (to make bitter) with the prefixes 'para-' (beside, by, beyond) and 'epi-' (upon, over). The combination intensifies the meaning, indicating a strong or excessive embitterment or provocation. It describes a state of being made very bitter or deeply provoked, often implying a strong emotional reaction or resentment. It is used to express that someone has been made to feel extremely bitter or has been greatly angered.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΚΡΑΙΝΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΠΙΚΡΑΙΝΩ (pikrainō) comes from the adjective ΠΙΚΡΟΣ (pikros), meaning 'bitter'. The prefixes ΠΑΡΑ- (para-) and ΕΠΙ- (epi-) are common Greek prepositions used to intensify or modify the meaning of the verb.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-tek-NO-sen

Translations: made childless, rendered childless, bereaved of children

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make childless' or 'to bereave of children'. It describes the act of causing someone to lose their children or to be unable to have children. It is typically used in a past tense context, indicating that the action has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Etymology: The word ΑΤΕΚΝΟΩ (ATEKNOO) is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'τέκνον' (teknon), meaning 'child'. Thus, it literally means 'to make without child'.

G3162

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ma-KHAIR-ah

Translations: sword, a sword, dagger, a dagger, knife, a knife

Notes: This word refers to a sword, dagger, or knife. It is a general term for a short sword or a large knife, often used for cutting or piercing. It can be used in various contexts, from literal weapons to metaphorical representations of conflict or judgment.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΙΦΟΣ, ΡΟΜΦΑΙΑ

Etymology: The origin of the word 'machaira' is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek or Pelasgian origin, possibly related to a word for 'fight' or 'battle'.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koh

Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home

Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

G4727

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: steh-NAH-zoh

Translations: to groan, to sigh, to lament, to sigh deeply

Notes: This verb describes the act of groaning, sighing, or lamenting, often indicating deep emotional distress, pain, or frustration. It can be used when someone is expressing sorrow, grief, or a strong inner feeling through audible sounds.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΤΩ, ΠΕΝΘΕΩ, ΘΡΗΝΕΩ

Etymology: From στενός (stenos, "narrow, confined"), implying a feeling of being constricted or oppressed, leading to a groan or sigh.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kah

Translations: evil things, bad things, evils, misfortunes, troubles, a bad thing, an evil thing

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective ΚΑΚΟΣ (kakos), meaning 'bad' or 'evil'. As 'ΚΑΚΑ', it typically functions as a neuter plural noun or adjective, referring to 'evil things', 'bad things', 'misfortunes', or 'troubles'. It describes things that are morally wrong, harmful, or unpleasant. For example, it can be used to speak of calamities or wicked deeds.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΑ, ΦΑΥΛΑ, ΒΛΑΒΕΡΑ

G1863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-AY-gah-ges

Translations: you brought upon, you brought, you led, you inflicted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to bring upon,' 'to lead,' or 'to inflict.' It is often used in the context of bringing something, such as a judgment or a consequence, upon someone or something. It can also mean to lead or bring someone to a place.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΠΙΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπάγω (epagō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to,' and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.'

Part of Speech: Prefix, Root

Sounds like: THOW

Translations: wonder, marvel, astonishment

Notes: This is not a complete word but a prefix or root element, most commonly found in words related to 'wonder' or 'marvel'. It forms the basis for verbs like 'θαυμάζω' (to wonder, to marvel) and nouns like 'θαῦμα' (a wonder, a marvel) or 'θαυμάσιος' (wonderful, marvelous). It signifies something that causes astonishment or admiration.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix/root)

Etymology: The root ΘΑΥΜΑ (thauma) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to gaze at' or 'to be amazed'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-EL-thoy

Translations: may enter, might enter, let him enter, may go in, might go in, let him go in, may come in, might come in, let him come in

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΕἸΣ (into) and the verb ἘΡΧΟΜΑΙ (to come or go). It means 'to enter,' 'to go in,' or 'to come in.' As an optative mood verb, it expresses a wish, a possibility, or a command in a polite or indirect way, often translated with 'may' or 'might.' It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Aorist, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕἸΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to,' and the verb ἘΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go.' Its meaning is therefore literally 'to come into' or 'to go into.'

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-FYL-lee-dah

Translations: a gleaning, a remnant, a picking over, a picking of leaves

Notes: This word refers to the act of gleaning or picking over something, especially leaves or what is left after a harvest. It can also refer to the remnant or what is left behind. In a broader sense, it implies a thorough examination or picking apart of something, like picking over a topic or a situation. It is a compound word formed from the prefix 'ἐπι-' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and 'φύλλον' (phyllon), meaning 'leaf'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΕΙΜΜΑ, ΛΕΙΨΑΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word is derived from the prefix 'ἐπι-' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and 'φύλλον' (phyllon), meaning 'leaf'. It literally means 'a picking upon leaves' or 'a picking over leaves', referring to the act of gleaning.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3076