Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Tischendorf's Greek New Testament / Mark / Chapter 2Mark, Chapter 2
Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-EL-thone
Translations: having entered, having gone in, having come in, entering, going in, coming in
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence, and it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It indicates someone who has performed the action of entering.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G2584
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: kah-far-NAH-oom
Translations: Capernaum
Notes: Capernaum was a significant city located on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee in ancient Israel. It is frequently mentioned in the New Testament as a center of Jesus' ministry, where he performed many miracles and taught extensively. It was also the home of several of his apostles.
Inflection: Singular, Does not inflect (as a proper noun)
Etymology: The name 'Capernaum' is derived from the Hebrew 'Kfar Nahum', meaning 'village of Nahum'. It is believed to be named after the prophet Nahum, though this is not definitively established.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: DEE
Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14
Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ
Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-mer-OHN
Translations: of days
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'day'. It refers to a period of 24 hours, or more broadly, a specific period of time or an era. As a genitive plural, it is often used to indicate possession, origin, or a temporal relationship, such as 'during the days' or 'belonging to the days'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΚΑΙΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It refers to the period of daylight, contrasting with night.
G191
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-KOOS-thay
Translations: was heard, it was heard
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be heard'. It is used to describe an action that was completed in the past and was received passively by the subject. For example, 'the sound was heard' or 'the message was heard'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3624
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-koh
Translations: (to) house, (to) household, (to) family, (to) temple, (to) home
Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a building. It can also refer to a household, meaning the family and all who live within the house, or more broadly, a lineage or a family line. In a religious context, it can refer to a temple or the house of God. The form ΟἸΚΩ is the dative singular, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G4863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-EEKH-theh-san
Translations: they were gathered, they assembled, they came together
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to be gathered together or to assemble. It describes a group of people coming together in one place, often for a specific purpose or in response to an event. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes the action of bringing or leading things or people together.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pol-LOY
Translations: many, much, a lot of
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can be used to say 'many people' or 'much time'. It often appears in the plural form to indicate a multitude.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΙ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝΕΣ
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G3371
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAY-keh-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle "μη" (not) and the adverb "ἔτι" (yet, still). It means "no longer" or "no more," indicating the cessation of an action or state. It is used to express that something that was happening or was true is now no longer the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still).
G5562
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kho-REH-in
Translations: to go, to make room, to contain, to hold, to advance, to withdraw, to have space, to be able to receive
Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'χωρέω'. It describes the action of moving, making space, or containing something. It can be used to express the idea of progressing, withdrawing, or having the capacity to hold or receive something.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΧΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: From the Greek word 'χώρα' (chōra), meaning 'space' or 'place'. The verb 'χωρέω' thus relates to occupying or moving through space.
G3366
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: MEE-deh
Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not
Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ
Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G2374
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THOO-ran
Translations: door, a door, gate, a gate
Notes: This word refers to a door or a gate, the movable barrier that closes an entrance. It is commonly used in sentences to indicate the object that is opened or closed to enter or exit a place.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'door' in many other Indo-European languages.
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAH-lei
Translations: he was speaking, she was speaking, it was speaking, he spoke, she spoke, it spoke
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking in the past. It can be used to refer to a person or thing that was uttering words or sounds.
Inflection: Third person singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ER-khon-tai
Translations: they come, they are coming, they go, they are going
Notes: This word is a verb of motion, meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another, often implying arrival or departure. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things are in the process of moving or arriving.
Inflection: Third person plural, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: FEH-ron-tes
Translations: bearing, carrying, bringing, enduring, leading, those who bear, those who carry, those who bring
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ΦΕΡΩ, meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to bring,' or 'to endure.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'bearing,' 'carrying,' or 'those who bear/carry,' depending on the context. It describes an ongoing action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G3886
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-ly-ti-KON
Translations: paralytic, a paralytic, paralyzed, a paralyzed person
Notes: This word describes someone who is paralyzed or suffering from paralysis. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person's condition or as a noun to refer to a person who is paralyzed. It is often used in contexts describing healing or physical affliction.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ
G0142
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ai-ROH-meh-non
Translations: being taken up, being carried, being lifted, being borne, being removed
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift,' 'to take up,' or 'to carry.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is currently happening to the subject. In this form, it indicates that something is in the process of being lifted, carried, or removed by someone or something else.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ
Etymology: The verb αἴρω (airō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to lift' or 'to raise.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G5259
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: hoo-POH
Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.
G5064
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TESS-sah-rohn
Translations: of four
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the numeral 'four'. It is used to indicate a quantity of four, specifically when the context requires the genitive case, often signifying possession, origin, or a part of a whole.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Etymology: The word 'ΤΕΣΣΑΡΕΣ' (tessares) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'four'. It is a basic numeral found across many Indo-European languages.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-noy
Translations: being able, able, powerful, mighty, capable
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that possesses the ability, power, or capability to do something. It can be used to describe individuals or groups who are strong, mighty, or competent.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ
G4374
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-en-ENG-kai
Translations: to bring to, to offer, to present
Notes: This word means to bring something towards someone or something, or to offer or present something. It is often used in the context of bringing offerings or sacrifices to God, or presenting someone to another person. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bring' or 'to carry.'
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OKH-lon
Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, throng, a throng
Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also denote a throng or a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear him speak.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble', perhaps referring to the commotion a crowd can cause.
G0630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pes-teh-GAH-san
Translations: they unroofed, they uncovered
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στεγάζω (stegazo), meaning 'to cover' or 'to roof'. Therefore, ἀποστεγάζω means 'to unroof' or 'to uncover'. It describes the action of removing a roof or covering from something. In the provided context, it refers to the act of removing the roof of a house.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Etymology: The word ἀποστεγάζω (apostegazo) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and στεγάζω (stegazo), meaning 'to cover' or 'to roof'. The verb στεγάζω itself comes from στέγη (stege), meaning 'roof' or 'covering'.
G4721
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STEG-ayn
Translations: roof, a roof, house, a house, dwelling, a dwelling
Notes: This word refers to a roof, often by extension meaning the entire house or dwelling. It is used to denote the covering of a building or the habitation itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΔΩΜΑ
Etymology: From the root στέγω (stegō), meaning 'to cover' or 'to protect'.
G3699
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-poo
Translations: where, whither, in what place, to what place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'where' or 'whither'. It can indicate a location or a direction. It is often used to introduce a clause that specifies a place, similar to how 'where' is used in English.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΗ, ΟΥ
Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (from which also ΠΟΥ, 'where?') and the particle -ου (from which also ΟΥ, 'where'). It indicates a place or direction.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G1846
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ex-or-YOOX-an-tes
Translations: having dug out, digging out, having gouged out, gouging out
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to dig out' or 'to gouge out'. It describes an action that has been completed or is in the process of being completed, depending on the context. It can refer to literally digging something out of the ground, or more forcefully, to gouging something out, such as eyes.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΟΡΥΣΣΩ, ΕΚΣΚΑΠΤΩ
G5465
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kha-LOH-see
Translations: let down, lower, slacken, loosen, unfasten
Notes: This word means to let down, lower, or slacken. It can refer to lowering something physically, like a basket or a bed, or metaphorically, like relaxing a rule or loosening a grip. In the provided context, it describes the action of lowering a bed.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Present Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ
Etymology: The word ΧΑΛΑΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to loosen' or 'to relax'.
G2895
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kra-BAT-ton
Translations: bed, a bed, mat, a mat, pallet, a pallet
Notes: This word refers to a small, portable bed, mat, or pallet, often used by the poor or sick. It is typically something that can be easily carried or rolled up. In sentences, it functions as a noun, often as the object of verbs like 'take up' or 'carry'.
Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΙΝΗ, ΚΛΙΝΑΡΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word is likely of Macedonian or Thracian origin, possibly related to a word meaning 'oak bed' or 'wooden bed'. It was a common term for a simple bed in the Hellenistic period.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G3886
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: pah-rah-loo-tee-KOS
Translations: paralytic, a paralytic, paralyzed
Notes: This word describes someone who is suffering from paralysis or is afflicted with a paralytic condition. It can be used as an adjective to describe a person or as a noun to refer to a paralytic person.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΛΕΛΥΜΕΝΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραλυτικός (paralutikós), from παραλύω (paralúō, “to paralyze”), from παρά (pará, “beside, amiss”) + λύω (lúō, “to loosen, release”).
G2621
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-KAY-toh
Translations: was lying down, lay, was laid, was situated, was placed
Notes: This word describes someone or something being in a recumbent position, or being situated in a particular place. It is often used to indicate a state of rest, illness, or being laid out. It can also refer to something being placed or located.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: ee-DON
Translations: seeing, having seen, when he saw, after seeing, when he had seen
Notes: This is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'when one saw'. It describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can function adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩΝ, ὉΡΩ͂Ν
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tin
Translations: faith, a faith, belief, a belief, trust, a trust, faithfulness, a faithfulness, conviction, a conviction
Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can describe a deep conviction in something or someone, or the act of being faithful and trustworthy. It is often used in a religious context to denote belief in God or Christ, but can also refer to loyalty or trustworthiness in general relationships.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3886
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-ra-ly-ti-KO
Translations: (to) a paralytic, (to) the paralytic, (to) a paralyzed person, (to) the paralyzed person
Notes: This word describes someone who is paralyzed or suffering from paralysis. It is an adjective that is often used substantively (as a noun) to refer to a paralytic person. In the given context, it is in the dative case, indicating the recipient of an action, such as speaking 'to' a paralytic.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΗΣ
G5043
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEK-non
Translations: child, a child, son, a son, daughter, a daughter
Notes: This word refers to a child, offspring, or descendant. It can be used broadly to refer to a son or daughter, or more generally to a young person. It is often used in a tender or affectionate way, similar to how 'my child' or 'dear child' might be used in English. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone who is a spiritual 'child' or follower of another.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΙΣ, ΥΙΟΣ, ΘΥΓΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: From the root τίκτω (tiktō), meaning 'to beget' or 'to bear'. It refers to that which is born or produced.
G0863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fee-EN-tai
Translations: they are forgiven, they are sent away, they are permitted, they are released
Notes: This word is the third person plural, present indicative, passive voice form of the verb ἀφίημι (aphiēmi). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἵημι (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to let go'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'they are forgiven' (especially of sins), 'they are sent away', 'they are permitted', or 'they are released'. It describes an action being done to a group of people or things.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΟΝΤΑΙ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΝΤΑΙ
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-TEE-ai
Translations: sins, a sin
Notes: This word refers to sins or wrongdoings. It is used to describe actions or states that miss the mark of God's standard or moral righteousness. It often implies a deviation from what is right or a transgression against divine law. In a sentence, it would typically be used to refer to multiple instances of sin.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G1122
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grah-mah-TEH-ohn
Translations: (of) scribes, (of) a scribe, (of) secretaries, (of) a secretary
Notes: This word refers to a scribe, a secretary, or a public notary. In the context of the New Testament, it often refers to those learned in Jewish law, who were responsible for interpreting and teaching it. They were often associated with the Pharisees and were influential figures in Jewish society. It is a compound word, derived from 'gramma' (writing) and 'teus' (one who does).
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΩΝ
G1563
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-KAY
Translations: there, in that place
Notes: This word is an adverb of place, meaning 'there' or 'in that place'. It is used to indicate a specific location that has been previously mentioned or is understood from the context. It can describe where an action takes place or where something is situated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΝΘΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂
Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *eke- (that, there).
G2521
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ka-THEE-meh-noy
Translations: sitting, those sitting, who sit
Notes: This word is a present participle of the verb 'to sit'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting. It can be used to describe people who are seated, or metaphorically, those who are settled in a particular state or place. For example, it can refer to people sitting in darkness or those sitting near someone.
Inflection: Present, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΑΙ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek καθέζομαι (kathézomai, “to sit down”), from κατά (katá, “down”) + ἕζομαι (hézomai, “to sit”).
G1260
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: dee-ah-loh-ghee-ZOH-meh-noy
Translations: reasoning, considering, discussing, pondering, disputing
Notes: This word describes the act of reasoning, considering, or discussing something, often internally or with others. It implies a process of careful thought or deliberation, sometimes leading to dispute or debate. It is typically used to describe people who are thinking deeply or engaging in a mental process of weighing ideas.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-ais
Translations: (to) hearts, (in) hearts, (with) hearts
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of 'ΚΑΡΔΙΑ' (kardia), meaning 'heart'. In Koine Greek, 'heart' refers not only to the physical organ but also, more commonly, to the inner person, encompassing thoughts, emotions, will, and moral character. As a dative plural, it indicates the indirect object of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'in', or 'with', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΑΙΣ, ΝΟΟΙΣ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G2980
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: lah-LEH
Translations: speak, talk, say, tell, utter
Notes: This word means to speak or talk, often referring to the act of uttering sounds or words, or engaging in conversation. It can also mean to declare or tell something. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of verbal communication.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular OR Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering.
G0987
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: blas-fay-MEI
Translations: he blasphemes, he slanders, he reviles, he speaks evil of
Notes: This word describes the act of speaking impiously or irreverently about God or sacred things, or speaking evil of someone. It can also mean to slander or revile a person. It is used in sentences to indicate that someone is uttering words that are disrespectful or injurious, whether towards the divine or towards other individuals.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-tai
Translations: is able, can, is powerful, has power
Notes: This word means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used to express capability or possibility, indicating that someone or something possesses the capacity to perform an action or achieve a state. It can be used with an infinitive to mean 'can do something'.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G0863
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Part of Speech: Infinitive
Sounds like: ah-fee-EH-nai
Translations: to send away, to let go, to forgive, to permit, to leave, to abandon, to dismiss
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἈΦΙΗΜΙ'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'ἵημι' (hiēmi), meaning 'to send' or 'to throw'. Its meaning varies depending on context, but generally involves the idea of sending something away, letting go of something, or leaving something behind. It can be used in the sense of forgiving sins, permitting an action, or abandoning a person or place.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ἈΠΟΛΥΩ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΑΩ
G0266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TEE-as
Translations: of sin, of sins, of a sin, sin, a sin
Notes: This word refers to a sin, an offense, or a transgression against divine or moral law. It can also refer to the state of sinfulness. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relation, often translated as 'of sin' or 'of sins'. It is commonly used in theological contexts to describe moral failings.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: YOO-thoos
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, indicating that something happens without delay or directly. It is used to express immediacy in time, meaning 'at once' or 'straightway'. It can also refer to a direct path or manner, meaning 'straight' or 'directly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. It developed into an adverb indicating immediacy.
G1921
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: eh-pee-GNOOS
Translations: having known, knowing, recognizing, understanding, perceiving, having perceived, having recognized, having understood
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epiginōskō', meaning 'to know fully, to recognize, to understand completely'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It implies a deeper, more complete knowledge than simple 'ginōskō' (to know). It can be translated as 'having known' or 'knowing' depending on the context, often implying a realization or full recognition.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tee
Translations: (to) spirit, (to) a spirit, (to) wind, (to) a wind, (to) breath, (to) a breath, (to) the Spirit, (to) Holy Spirit, (to) mind, (to) disposition
Notes: This word refers to spirit, wind, or breath. In a theological context, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a person's inner disposition or mind. As a dative case, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the spirit/wind/breath, or the instrument by which something is done, meaning 'by' or 'with' the spirit/wind/breath.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΑΝΕΜΟΣ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G1260
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-loh-GHEE-zon-tai
Translations: they reason, they consider, they ponder, they dispute, they discuss
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to reason thoroughly,' 'to consider carefully,' or 'to dispute.' It is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly,' and the verb λογίζομαι (logizomai), meaning 'to reckon' or 'to consider.' It describes the process of internal thought or external discussion, often implying a weighing of different ideas or arguments.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΖΗΤΕΩ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS
Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G1260
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-loh-GHEE-zes-theh
Translations: to reason, to consider, to ponder, to discuss, to dispute
Notes: This word means to reason, deliberate, or consider, often internally within one's mind, or sometimes in discussion or dispute with others. It implies a process of weighing thoughts or arguments. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and λογίζομαι (logizomai, meaning 'to reckon' or 'to consider').
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, Second Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ
G5216
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: hoo-MOHN
Translations: (of) you, your
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the second-person personal pronoun, meaning 'of you' or 'your' when referring to multiple people. It indicates possession, origin, or relationship concerning a group of people being addressed. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the house of you' (your house) or 'from among you'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Genitive
G2109
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-ko-POH-teh-ron
Translations: easier, more easily
Notes: This word is the comparative form of the adjective 'easy' or 'convenient'. It is used to describe something that is more easy, more convenient, or more readily accomplished than something else. It often appears in sentences comparing two actions or states, indicating which one presents less difficulty.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Comparative Degree
Synonyms: ΡᾼΔΙΟΝ, ΚΟΥΦΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΚΟΠΟΣ (eukopos) comes from the prefix εὐ- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and κόπος (kopos), meaning 'toil' or 'labor'. Thus, it literally means 'well-toiling' or 'easy to toil with', which evolved to mean 'easy' or 'convenient'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-PINE
Translations: to say, to speak, to tell
Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive verb meaning 'to say', 'to speak', or 'to tell'. It is used to express the action of speaking or communicating something, often in a general sense without specifying the subject or object of the action. It can be used in various constructions, such as after verbs of commanding or desiring, or to express purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ
Etymology: ΕἸΠΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive of the verb ΕἸΠΩ, which is a suppletive aorist form used with the present tense verbs ΛΕΓΩ and ΦΗΜΙ. Its origin traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or declaring.
G2228, G3588
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral
Sounds like: AY
Translations: or, the, 8
Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)
Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEY-reh
Translations: raise, lift up, awaken, arouse, stir up, build, restore
Notes: This verb means to raise, lift up, or awaken someone or something. It can be used literally, such as raising a person from sleep or from the dead, or figuratively, such as stirring up conflict or building something up. It is often used in the imperative mood, giving a command to 'raise!' or 'awaken!'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΟΡΘΟΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ger- ('to awaken, to rouse'). It is related to other Greek words meaning 'to wake' or 'to rise'.
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AR-on
Translations: take up, lift, carry, take away, remove, forgive
Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to take up,' 'to lift,' 'to carry,' 'to take away,' or 'to remove.' It is often used as a command or an exhortation to perform one of these actions. In some contexts, it can also mean 'to forgive' or 'to bear' (as in bearing a burden or sin).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ
G5217
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: hoo-PAH-geh
Translations: go, depart, get away, withdraw, go away
Notes: This word means to go away, depart, or withdraw. It is often used as a command or instruction to leave a place or situation. It can also imply a movement from one state or condition to another.
Inflection: Imperative, Aorist, Active, 2nd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΔΙΖΩ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-day-teh
Translations: you know, you may know, that you may know
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. It is often used to express a state of knowing or understanding. In the context of the provided examples, it functions as a subjunctive verb, indicating purpose or result, often translated as 'that you may know' or 'in order that you know'.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Perfect Active Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G1849
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an
Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty
Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-ei
Translations: he has, she has, it has, he holds, she holds, it holds, he possesses, she possesses, it possesses
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate ownership, possession, or a state of being. For example, it can describe someone having an object, a quality, or a particular condition.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: an-THRO-poo
Translations: (of) man, (of) a man, (of) human, (of) a human
Notes: This word refers to a human being, mankind, or humanity in general. It can denote an individual person, male or female, or the human race collectively. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of man' or 'of a human'. It is commonly used in contexts discussing human nature, actions, or relationships.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYS
Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region
Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: SOY
Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you
Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-goh
Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean
Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.
Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.
G3624
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-kon
Translations: house, a house, home, a home, household, a household, temple, a temple
Notes: This word refers to a dwelling place, a building where people live, or a household including its inhabitants and possessions. It can also refer to a temple or a place of worship. In the provided context, it is used in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb, often meaning 'to build a house' or 'into the house'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ
G1453
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-GER-thay
Translations: he was raised, he was awakened, he arose, he stood up
Notes: This word describes the action of being raised, awakened, or caused to stand up. It is often used in the context of someone rising from sleep, from a seated or lying position, or being raised from the dead. As a passive verb, the subject is the one who receives the action.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-RAS
Translations: lifting, having lifted, taking up, carrying, removing, taking away
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift,' 'to take up,' 'to carry,' or 'to remove.' As a participle, it describes an action that is happening or has happened, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates the subject is performing the action of lifting or taking something. For example, 'lifting his face' or 'having taken the rod.'
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΑΙΡΩ
G1831
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-EHL-then
Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, he came out, she came out, it came out, he departed, she departed, it departed
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has exited or left a specific area.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G1715
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: em-PROS-then
Translations: before, in front, in front of, in the presence of, ahead, formerly, previously
Notes: This word functions as both an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'before' or 'in front,' indicating a position or time. As a preposition, it means 'in front of' or 'in the presence of,' typically taking the genitive case. It can also refer to something that happened 'formerly' or 'previously.'
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the adverbial form of πρός (pros, 'to, toward'). It literally means 'in front of' or 'in the direction of'.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tone
Translations: (of) all, (of) every, (of) everyone, (of) everything, (of) the whole
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all', 'every', or 'the whole'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for a plural group, signifying 'of all' or 'belonging to all'. It can refer to people, things, or concepts, encompassing a complete set or totality.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1839
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-IS-tas-thai
Translations: to stand out, to be amazed, to be astonished, to be beside oneself, to be out of one's mind, to depart, to remove, to give up, to yield
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb ἐξίστημι. It generally means 'to stand out' or 'to remove oneself from a place or state'. Depending on the context, it can convey the idea of being amazed or astonished, to the point of being 'beside oneself' or 'out of one's mind'. It can also mean to depart from a place or to yield/give up something.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΑΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tas
Translations: all, every, everyone, the whole
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality of something or someone. In this form, it is used for masculine nouns in the accusative plural, meaning 'all (of them)' or 'everyone'. It can also be used substantively to refer to 'all people' or 'everyone'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G1392
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dox-AH-zeen
Translations: to glorify, to praise, to honor, to magnify, to esteem, to exalt
Notes: This word means to glorify, praise, or honor someone or something. It is often used to describe the act of giving glory to God or a deity, acknowledging their greatness and majesty. It can also refer to showing respect or esteem for a person or thing, or to making something appear glorious or splendid. It is a verb that indicates an action of bestowing honor or recognition.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΥΜΝΕΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-ON
Translations: God, a God
Notes: This word refers to God, a god, or a deity. It is used as the direct object in a sentence, indicating the recipient of an action or the one being referred to. For example, one might 'worship God' (where 'God' would be in the accusative case).
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GON-tas
Translations: saying, speaking, telling, relating
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it describes an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing how or when an action occurs. For example, it could be used in phrases like 'the one saying' or 'while saying'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative Plural, or Genitive Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΦΘΕΓΓΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G3763
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: oo-deh-POH-teh
Translations: never, at no time
Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'never' or 'at no time'. It is formed from the negative particle οὐδέ (oude), meaning 'not even' or 'nor', and the indefinite adverb ποτέ (pote), meaning 'at some time' or 'ever'. When combined, they create a strong negation, indicating that something has not happened or will not happen at any point in time. It is used to express absolute negation of an action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΠΩ, ΟΥ̓ΔΑΜΩΣ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DAH-men
Translations: we saw, we have seen
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'we saw' or 'we have seen'. It is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to see'. The aorist tense in Koine Greek often describes an action as a complete event in the past, without emphasizing its duration or repetition. It can be used in sentences like 'We saw the light' or 'We have seen many wonders'.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ὉΡΆΩ
Etymology: The verb ΕἼΔΩ (eídō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weyd-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to English words like 'wit' and 'idea'.
G2281
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: tha-LAS-san
Translations: sea, a sea
Notes: This word refers to a large body of salt water, such as an ocean or a large lake. It is commonly used to describe the sea as a physical location or as a powerful natural force. In sentences, it often appears as the direct object of a verb, indicating something done to or with the sea.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΩΚΕΑΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'thalassa' is of pre-Greek, Mediterranean origin, likely borrowed into Greek from an earlier language spoken in the Aegean region. It is not derived from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAS
Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole
Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.
G3793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OCH-los
Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, mob, a mob
Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a multitude, or a crowd. It can sometimes carry the connotation of a common or unorganized group, or even a disorderly mob. It is typically used to describe a large number of people gathered together, often in a public space.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ὈΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to throng'.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ER-kheh-toh
Translations: was coming, came, was going, went
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, repeated, or habitual action in the past. Therefore, 'ἤρχετο' indicates that someone or something 'was coming' or 'was going' continuously or repeatedly at a past time.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G1321
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DI-das-ken
Translations: he was teaching, she was teaching, it was teaching, he taught, she taught, it taught
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to teach'. It describes an action that was ongoing, continuous, or repeated in the past. It can be translated as 'he/she/it was teaching' or 'he/she/it taught' in a continuous sense.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ, ΠΑΙΔΕΥΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOOS
Translations: them, themselves, these, those
Notes: This word is the masculine accusative plural form of the pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos). It is used to refer to a group of male or mixed-gender individuals as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can mean 'them' or, when used emphatically, 'themselves'.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
G3855
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: pa-ra-GOHN
Translations: passing by, going by, passing along, leading forth, producing
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'παράγω' (parago). It means 'passing by' or 'going along', often indicating movement past a place or person. It can also mean 'leading forth' or 'producing'. In context, it frequently describes someone moving past a location or encountering someone while in motion.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ
G3708
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-den
Translations: he saw, she saw, it saw, he had seen, she had seen, it had seen
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to see'. It describes an action of seeing that occurred in the past, typically as a completed or simple event, without emphasis on its duration. It can be used in sentences like 'He saw the light' or 'She saw the truth'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΟΠΤΟΜΑΙ
G1398
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-LEH-oo-een
Translations: to serve, to be a slave, to be enslaved
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a variant of 'δουλεύειν' (douleuein), which means 'to serve' or 'to be a slave'. It describes the act of being in servitude or performing service, often under compulsion or as a subject. It can be used in contexts of serving a master, a king, or even God.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ
G0025
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: al-FEY-oo
Translations: of Alphaeus
Notes: Alphaeus is a proper noun, referring to a person. In the New Testament, Alphaeus is the name of the father of James, one of Jesus' apostles, and also the father of Levi (Matthew), the tax collector. It is used to identify these individuals, often in the genitive case to indicate 'son of Alphaeus'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The origin of the name Alphaeus is Aramaic, likely meaning 'changing' or 'succeeding'. It was a common name in the ancient Near East.
G2521
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: kah-THEE-meh-non
Translations: sitting, seated, one sitting, a sitting one, that which is sitting
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'sitting' or 'seated'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of sitting or has taken a seated position. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (acting as a noun) meaning 'the one sitting' or 'that which is sitting'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Middle or Passive
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΗΜΕΝΟΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G5058
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-LOH-nee-on
Translations: tax office, a tax office, custom house, a custom house, toll booth, a toll booth
Notes: This word refers to a place where taxes or customs duties are collected, such as a tax office, custom house, or toll booth. It is the place where a tax collector (τελώνης) would sit to collect payments.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΩΝΙΟΝ is derived from τέλος (telos), meaning 'tax' or 'duty', and the suffix -ιον (-ion), which forms a diminutive or place noun. It literally means 'place of taxes'.
G190
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-koh-loo-THEH-ee
Translations: he follows, she follows, it follows, he accompanies, she accompanies, it accompanies, he attends, she attends, it attends
Notes: This word means to follow, accompany, or attend. It is often used in the context of following a person, either physically or in terms of adhering to their teachings or example. It can also mean to conform to something or to be a consequence of something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ἙΠΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΩΚΩ
Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'with', and the noun κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'road'. Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path with'.
G1473
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MOY
Translations: (to) me, (for) me
Notes: ΜΟΙ is the dative form of the first-person singular pronoun 'I'. It is used to indicate the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is performed. It can also express possession or benefit.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, First Person
Synonyms: ΕΜΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient word, found across many Indo-European languages.
G0450
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-na-STAS
Translations: having risen, having stood up, rising, standing up, getting up
Notes: This word is a masculine, singular, nominative participle derived from the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to rise' or 'to stand up'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often indicating an action that has already occurred or is occurring concurrently. It can be translated as 'having risen' or 'standing up', depending on the context.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΣ
G190
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-ko-loo-THEE-sen
Translations: followed, he followed, she followed, it followed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It is used to describe someone or something moving behind another, often in the sense of being a disciple or adherent. For example, 'he followed the teacher' or 'the crowd followed him'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΩΚΩ
Etymology: The word ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō) is derived from the prefix ἀκόλουθος (akolouthos), meaning 'following' or 'attendant', which itself comes from ἀ- (a-, 'together with') and κέλευθος (keleuthos, 'path' or 'road').
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai
Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises
Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ
G2621
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-KAY-sthai
Translations: to lie down, to recline, to be confined to bed, to be ill
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down) and the verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ (to lie). It means to lie down, often in the context of reclining at a meal or being confined to bed due to illness. It describes the state of being in a prone or reclining position.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΕΙΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ (meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'). ΚΕΙΜΑΙ itself comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lie'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G3614
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-KEE-ah
Translations: house, a house, home, a home, household, a household, family, a family
Notes: This word refers to a house, a dwelling place, or a home. It can also refer to the people living in a house, meaning a household or family. It is a feminine noun and is commonly used in various contexts to denote a physical structure or the inhabitants within it.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the root word οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house'.
G5057
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-LOH-nai
Translations: tax collectors, publicans
Notes: This word refers to tax collectors, individuals who were responsible for collecting taxes on behalf of the Roman government. In ancient times, especially during the Roman occupation, tax collectors were often despised and seen as corrupt, as they frequently extorted more money than was due for their own profit. They were often grouped with 'sinners' in the New Testament.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
G0268
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-TOH-loy
Translations: sinners, the sinners
Notes: This word refers to people who are sinners, those who miss the mark or fail to meet a standard, especially in a moral or religious sense. It is often used to describe individuals who are morally corrupt or estranged from God due to their actions.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΤΑΙ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek word 'ἁμαρτάνω' (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin', combined with the suffix '-ωλός' (-ōlos), which indicates a person characterized by the action of the verb. Thus, it literally means 'one who sins' or 'sinful'.
G4876
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soo-nah-neh-KAYN-toh
Translations: they were reclining with, they were eating with, they were dining with
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix συν- (meaning 'with' or 'together'), the prefix ἀνα- (meaning 'up' or 'back'), and the verb κεῖμαι (meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'). In this form, it specifically refers to the act of reclining at a meal or dining together with others, as was the custom in ancient times. It describes multiple people sharing a meal and reclining on couches around a table.
Inflection: 3rd Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΙΠΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΣΘΙΩ
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G3101
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mah-thay-TAIS
Translations: (to) disciples, (to) students, (to) learners
Notes: This word refers to a learner, pupil, or disciple. It is used to describe someone who follows and learns from a teacher or master. In the provided context, it is in the dative plural form, indicating the recipients of an action or the persons to whom something is directed.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΤΗΣ, ΕΚΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G0190
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-koh-LOO-thoon
Translations: they were following, they followed, they kept following
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is often used to indicate someone moving behind or in the company of another person or group, or adhering to a teaching or leader.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΟΝΤΟ, ΕΠΕΒΑΙΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'with', and the noun κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'way'. Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path' or 'to go along with'.
G1122
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grah-mah-TAYSS
Translations: scribes, secretaries, clerks
Notes: This word refers to individuals who were skilled in writing, often serving as copyists, record-keepers, or public notaries. In ancient societies, especially in Jewish contexts, scribes were highly respected for their knowledge of the law and scriptures, often acting as interpreters and teachers. They could also serve in administrative roles for kings or officials.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΟΙ, ΝΟΜΙΚΟΙ
Etymology: From γράμμα (gramma, "a letter, writing") and the suffix -εύς (-eus, indicating an agent or profession). It literally means "one who deals with letters or writing."
G5330
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-ohn
Translations: (of) Pharisees
Notes: This word refers to the Pharisees, a prominent Jewish religious and political party or sect during the Second Temple period. They were known for their strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and their interpretations of it. In the New Testament, they are often depicted as opponents of Jesus.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ee-DON-tes
Translations: seeing, having seen, when they saw, as they saw
Notes: This is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'seeing' in a completed sense. It describes an action that occurred prior to or at the same time as the main verb of the sentence. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can often be translated as a temporal clause (e.g., 'when they saw').
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΘΕΩΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ees-THEE-en
Translations: was eating, ate, did eat
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἘΣΘΊΩ', meaning 'to eat'. It describes an action of eating that occurred in the past, often implying a continuous or repeated action, or simply a completed action in the past. It can be used in sentences like 'he was eating bread' or 'he ate the food'.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ, ΦΑΓΩ
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G5057
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: teh-LOH-nohn
Translations: of tax collectors, of publicans
Notes: This word refers to tax collectors or publicans, individuals who were responsible for collecting taxes, often on behalf of the Roman government. In ancient society, they were frequently viewed with disdain due to their association with foreign rule and accusations of corruption. The word is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or association, as in "friends of tax collectors."
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G0268
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-mar-TOH-lohn
Translations: of sinners, of the sinful
Notes: This word refers to those who commit sin or are characterized by sin. It is used to describe individuals or groups who deviate from divine or moral law. In a sentence, it would typically function as a possessive or descriptive element, indicating something belonging to or related to sinners.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-leh-gon
Translations: they were saying, they said, they used to say
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people were in the process of speaking or had a habit of saying something.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-THEE-ay
Translations: eats, is eating, to eat
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is used to describe the act of taking food into the body. It can be used in various contexts, from literal eating to more metaphorical consumption.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΓΩ
G4095
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PI-nei
Translations: he drinks, she drinks, it drinks, to drink
Notes: This word means 'to drink'. It is used to describe the act of consuming a liquid. For example, one might say 'he drinks water' or 'she drinks wine'. It can also be used in a more general sense, such as 'to partake' or 'to absorb'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-koo-SAS
Translations: having heard, when he heard, after hearing
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having heard' or 'when he heard'. It describes an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence. It is often used to introduce a clause that explains the circumstances or cause of the main action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕἸΣΑΚΟΥΩ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G5532
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHREH-ee-an
Translations: need, a need, necessity, a necessity, use, a use, business, service
Notes: This word refers to a need, necessity, or requirement. It can also denote a use, purpose, or a specific business or service. It is often used to express what is lacking or what is required for a particular situation.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΗ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to need'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oo-sin
Translations: they have, they possess, they hold, they are holding
Notes: This word is the third person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to possess'. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things currently have or are holding something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they have wisdom' or 'they hold power'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΤΆΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΈΧΩ, ἜΧΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G2480
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: iss-KHYOO-on-tes
Translations: being strong, being able, having power, those who are strong, the strong ones
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being strong' or 'having power'. It describes someone or something that possesses strength, ability, or authority. It can be used adjectivally to describe people who are strong or capable, or substantively as 'the strong ones' or 'those who are able'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΤΟΙ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G2395
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-TROO
Translations: of a physician, of a doctor, of a healer
Notes: This word refers to a physician, doctor, or healer. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of' or 'belonging to'. For example, 'the knowledge of a doctor' or 'the skill of a healer'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0243
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Part of Speech: Prefix
Sounds like: ALL
Translations: other, another, different, foreign
Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.
G2560
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ka-KOS
Translations: badly, wrongly, wickedly, ill, severely
Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'κακός' (kakos), meaning 'bad'. It describes an action or state that is done in a bad, evil, wrong, or harmful manner. It can also indicate suffering or being in a poor condition. For example, it might be used to say someone acted 'badly' or was 'ill'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (adverbial form of ΚΑΚΟΣ)
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΩΣ, ΑΣΕΒΩΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: EKH-on-tes
Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EEL-thon
Translations: they came, I came, he came, she came, it came
Notes: This word is an aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action that happened in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be used for the 1st person singular ('I came') or the 3rd person plural ('they came'), and sometimes 3rd person singular ('he/she/it came') depending on context and subject agreement.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G2564
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-LEH-sai
Translations: to call, to invite, to name, to summon
Notes: This word means 'to call' or 'to invite'. As an infinitive, it expresses the action of calling without specifying who is doing the calling or when it happens, often functioning like 'to call' or 'for calling' in English. It can be used in various contexts, such as calling someone by name, inviting guests, or summoning someone to a place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dee-KAI-oos
Translations: righteous, just, upright, innocent
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who is morally upright, or to actions that are fair and equitable. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun, describing its quality of being just or righteous.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed
Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.
G0268
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: hah-mar-TOH-looss
Translations: sinners, the sinful, a sinner, the sinner
Notes: This word refers to a person who commits sin or is characterized by sin. It is often used to describe those who are morally corrupt or estranged from God. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΥΣ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΤΑΣ
G3101
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mah-thay-TAI
Translations: disciples, students, learners
Notes: This word refers to disciples, students, or learners. In the New Testament, it commonly refers to the followers of Jesus, who are learning from his teachings and example. It can also be used more broadly to describe anyone who is a pupil or adherent of a particular teacher or philosophy.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΑΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΙ
G2491
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo
Translations: of John
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It is a common name in the Bible, referring to several individuals, most notably John the Baptist and John the Apostle. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the Gospel of John'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Second Temple period.
G5330
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-oy
Translations: Pharisees
Notes: The Pharisees were a prominent Jewish religious and political party or school of thought in ancient Judea during the Second Temple period. They emphasized strict adherence to the Mosaic Law and oral traditions, often contrasting with the Sadducees. They were influential among the common people and are frequently mentioned in the New Testament.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The word "Pharisee" comes from the Aramaic word "perishaya," meaning "separated ones." This likely refers to their separation from ritual impurity or from other Jewish groups.
G3522
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: nees-TEH-oo-on-tes
Translations: fasting, those who fast, while fasting
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'fasting' or 'those who are fasting'. It describes an ongoing action of abstaining from food, often for religious or spiritual reasons. It can be used to describe a group of people who are currently engaged in fasting.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Etymology: From the Greek word νῆστις (nēstis), meaning 'not eating' or 'fasting'.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-GOO-sin
Translations: they say, they speak, they tell
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they say,' 'they speak,' or 'they tell.' It is used to describe the action of multiple people communicating verbally. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'they say that...' or 'they speak to them.'
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G1223, G5101
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: dee-ah-TEE
Translations: why, wherefore, on account of what
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the interrogative pronoun τί (ti), meaning 'what'. It is used to ask for the reason or cause of something, functioning as 'why' or 'wherefore' in English. It can introduce a direct or indirect question.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΟΥΤΟ, ΔΙΟ
G3522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: nay-stew-OO-sin
Translations: they fast, they are fasting
Notes: This word means 'they fast' or 'they are fasting'. It refers to the act of abstaining from food, often for religious or spiritual reasons. It is used to describe a group of people performing this action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAN-tai
Translations: they are able, they can, they have power, they are strong enough
Notes: This word means 'they are able' or 'they can'. It describes the capacity or power of a group of people or things to do something. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what they are able to do.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OY
Translations: sons, children
Notes: This word refers to male offspring, or more broadly, to descendants or followers. It is the plural form of 'son' and is commonly used to denote a group of male individuals related by birth or by a shared characteristic, such as 'sons of Israel' or 'sons of God'. It can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ
G3566
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: nim-FOH-nos
Translations: (of) bridechamber, (of) wedding hall, (of) bridal chamber
Notes: This word refers to the bridechamber or wedding hall, the place where a wedding ceremony takes place or where the bride and groom reside. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΝΥΜΦΩΝ (nympʰōn) is derived from the Greek word νύμφη (nympʰē), meaning 'bride' or 'young woman'. The suffix -ων (-ōn) indicates a place or dwelling.
G5599, G3739
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Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)
Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever
Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)
Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.
G3566
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NOOM-fee-os
Translations: bridegroom, a bridegroom
Notes: This word refers to a bridegroom, the man who is about to be married or has just been married. It is typically used in contexts related to weddings or marital unions. It can be used in sentences like 'The bridegroom arrived' or 'He is the bridegroom.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From νύμφη (nymphe), meaning 'bride' or 'young woman'. The suffix -ιος indicates a relationship or belonging.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: nees-TEH-oo-een
Translations: to fast, to abstain from food, to observe a fast
Notes: This word means to fast or to abstain from food, often for religious or spiritual reasons. It describes the act of refraining from eating, typically for a period of time, as a form of devotion, mourning, or self-discipline. It is used in contexts where someone is intentionally not consuming food.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
G3745
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-son
Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as
Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').
G5550
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KHRO-non
Translations: time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a period of time, a duration, or a specific point in time. It is used to denote the extent or length of an event or situation. For example, it can refer to a long time, a short time, or a particular season.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ
G3566
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NYM-fee-on
Translations: bridegroom, a bridegroom
Notes: This word refers to a bridegroom, the man who is about to be married or has just been married. It is used in contexts related to weddings and marriage. While the root form is an adjective meaning 'belonging to a bride', in its masculine form it commonly functions as a noun for 'bridegroom'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LEF-son-tai
Translations: they will come, they shall come
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they will come' or 'they shall come'. It describes an action of movement towards a place or person that is expected to happen in the future. It is used to indicate the arrival or appearance of multiple subjects.
Inflection: Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΗΞΟΥΣΙΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-MEH-rahee
Translations: days, (to) days, (in) days
Notes: This word refers to a period of 24 hours or a specific time period. It is the plural form of the noun 'day' (ἡμέρα). It can be used to refer to multiple days or a specific span of time, often appearing in contexts like 'in those days' or 'after many days'.
Inflection: Plural, Feminine, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G0522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-PAR-thay
Translations: is taken away, will be taken away, is removed, will be removed, is carried away, will be carried away
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'apairō', meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. In this passive form, it indicates that something or someone is being taken away or removed. It is often used in contexts where a person or object is being separated from a group or place.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: AP
Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G3522
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: nay-stew-SOO-sin
Translations: they will fast, they will abstain from food
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to fast' or 'to abstain from food'. It refers to the act of refraining from eating, often for religious or spiritual reasons. It is used to describe a future action that a group of people will perform.
Inflection: Future Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΙΜΟΚΤΟΝΕΩ
G1565
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: eh-KEE-nee
Translations: that, that one, she
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point to something distant in space or time, or to refer to something previously mentioned. It functions similarly to the English word 'that' and can modify a noun or stand alone as a pronoun.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-MEH-rah
Translations: day, a day, time, a time, period, a period
Notes: This word refers to a day, which can mean either a 24-hour period or the daylight portion of a day, as opposed to night. It can also be used more broadly to refer to a specific time, season, or period. It is commonly used to mark the passage of time or to refer to a particular point in time.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'warm' or 'hot', referring to the warmth of the day.
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DACE
Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, none, no
Notes: This word is a compound negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one,' 'nobody,' 'nothing,' or 'no.' It is formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not), the connective particle 'δέ' (but, and), and the numeral 'εἷς' (one). It is used to express absolute negation, indicating the complete absence of something or someone. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun to mean 'no' or 'not any.'
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (not), the connective particle ΔΕ (but, and), and the numeral ΕΙΣ (one). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one at all,' emphasizing a complete negation.
G1914
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-IB-lay-mah
Translations: patch, a patch, piece of cloth, a piece of cloth
Notes: This word refers to something thrown or laid upon another thing, specifically a piece of cloth used as a patch. It is often used in the context of mending or repairing garments, signifying a new piece of material applied to an old one.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΡΑΚΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΒΛΗΜΑ is a compound word derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. The suffix -ΜΑ forms a noun indicating the result of the action.
G4470
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RAH-koos
Translations: rag, a rag, tattered garment, a tattered garment
Notes: This word refers to a piece of torn or worn-out cloth, a rag, or a tattered garment. It is typically used to describe something old, worn, or of little value. It can be used in a literal sense for clothing or metaphorically for something worthless.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΣΚΥΤΑΛΗ, ΣΠΕΝΔΟΝΗ
G0052
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ag-NAH-foo
Translations: unshrunk, new, unfulled
Notes: This word describes something that is new, unshrunk, or unfulled, meaning it has not been processed or treated to prevent shrinking. It is typically used to describe cloth or garments that are in their original, raw state before being washed or shrunk.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΝΟΣ, ΝΕΟΣ
G2000
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ee-RAP-tei
Translations: sews on, patches on
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (on, upon) and the verb 'ράπτω' (to sew). It means to sew something onto something else, or to patch something. It is used to describe the action of attaching one piece of fabric or material to another by sewing.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΡΑΠΤΩ, ΣΥΡΡΑΠΤΩ
G2440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-on
Translations: garment, a garment, cloak, a cloak, clothes, clothing
Notes: This word refers to an outer garment or cloak, which was a common piece of clothing in ancient times. It could also refer to clothing in general. It is often used in the context of someone wearing or taking off an article of clothing.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΧΙΤΩΝ, ΕΝΔΥΜΑ, ΣΤΟΛΗ
Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάτιον (híma), meaning 'garment' or 'clothing'. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', suggesting something thrown over or put on.
G3820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-LAI-on
Translations: old, ancient, former, an old thing, the old
Notes: This word describes something that is old, ancient, or belongs to a former time. It can refer to age, as in an old person or an old custom, or to something that existed previously, like a former covenant or an old way of life. It is often used to contrast with something new or recent.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word πάλαι (palai), meaning 'long ago' or 'formerly'.
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AI-rei
Translations: he takes up, she takes up, it takes up, he lifts, she lifts, it lifts, he carries, she carries, it carries, he removes, she removes, it removes, he takes away, she takes away, it takes away
Notes: This is a verb meaning to lift, take up, carry, or take away. It can also mean to remove, destroy, or pick up. It is used to describe an action performed by a third-person singular subject (he, she, or it) in the present tense.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ
G4138
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: play-ROH-mah
Translations: fullness, a fullness, completion, what fills, contents, a full measure, a complement, fulfillment
Notes: This word refers to that which fills or completes something. It can denote the contents of a vessel, the full measure or amount of something, or the completion or fulfillment of a period of time, a prophecy, or a purpose. It is often used to describe the abundance or totality of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣ
Etymology: From the verb ΠΛΗΡΟΩ (PLEROO), meaning 'to fill' or 'to complete', which itself comes from ΠΛΗΡΗΣ (PLERES), meaning 'full'.
G2537
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KAI-non
Translations: new, fresh, a new, a fresh
Notes: This word describes something that is new in quality, fresh, or unprecedented, rather than new in terms of time (which would be 'neos'). It refers to something that is superior, different, or of a new kind. It can be used to describe new creations, new covenants, or new teachings.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ
G3820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-LAI-oo
Translations: of old, of ancient, old, ancient, former
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'old' or 'ancient'. It describes something that has existed for a long time, is worn out, or belongs to a former time. It can refer to things, people, or concepts. In the provided examples, it is used to describe an 'Ancient of Days' (referring to God), 'ancient inhabitants', and something that 'grows old'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
G5501
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: KHEI-ron
Translations: worse, a worse thing, inferior, more evil
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective meaning 'worse' or 'inferior'. It is used to describe something that is of a lower quality, more evil, or in a more disadvantageous state compared to something else. It can function as a predicate adjective or an attributive adjective, often appearing with a genitive of comparison.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΩΝ, ΗΤΤΩΝ
Etymology: The word 'χείρων' is the comparative form of the adjective 'κακός' (bad, evil). Its origin is uncertain, but it is an ancient Greek word used to express a comparative degree of negativity or inferiority.
G4978
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKHIS-ma
Translations: schism, a schism, division, a division, rent, a rent, tear, a tear, split, a split
Notes: This word refers to a division, a split, or a tear. It can describe a physical tearing, like a rent in a garment, or a metaphorical division, such as a disagreement or a faction within a group. It is often used to denote a separation or disunity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative; Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΠΑΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb σχίζω (schizō), meaning "to split" or "to cleave."
G0906
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: BAL-lei
Translations: throws, casts, puts, lays, places
Notes: This word means to throw, cast, or put something. It can also mean to lay or place. It is used to describe an action of propelling an object or placing something in a specific location.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-non
Translations: wine, a wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, a fermented beverage made from grapes. It can be used in various contexts, often appearing as the object of a verb, indicating something that is consumed or provided.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΟἸΝΟΣ is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of the Greek language. It is related to similar words for wine in other Indo-European languages.
G3501
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: NEH-on
Translations: new, young, a new, a young
Notes: This word describes something as new, fresh, or young. It can refer to something recently made or acquired, or to a person who is youthful in age. It is often used to contrast with something old or established.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΦΑΤΟΣ
G0779
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-KOOS
Translations: wineskins, a wineskin
Notes: This word refers to a leather bag, typically made from an animal hide, used for holding liquids, especially wine. In ancient times, new wine would be put into new wineskins, as the fermentation process would cause the skins to expand. Old, rigid wineskins would burst if filled with new, fermenting wine.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to a leather bag or wineskin.
G3820
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: pa-LAI-oos
Translations: old, ancient, former, worn out
Notes: This word describes something as old, ancient, or belonging to a former time. It can also refer to something that is worn out or obsolete. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their age or condition.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ
G4486
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: RAY-xay
Translations: will break, will burst, will tear, will rend
Notes: This word is the third person singular future active indicative form of the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi). It means to break, burst, or tear something apart, often with force or violence. It can be used to describe the breaking of physical objects, the bursting forth of something (like water), or the tearing of garments or relationships.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΧΙΖΩ, ΛΥΩ
Etymology: The verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to break'. It is related to other Greek words that convey the idea of breaking or tearing.
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-nos
Translations: wine, a wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, the fermented juice of grapes. It is commonly used in ancient texts to denote the beverage itself, often in contexts of feasting, offerings, or daily consumption. It can be used in sentences like 'They drank wine' or 'The wine was red.'
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΛΕΥΚΟΣ
Etymology: The word "οἶνος" (oinos) is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of the Greek language. It is related to similar words for wine found in other Indo-European languages, suggesting a very ancient shared root.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G0622
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-POH-loo-tai
Translations: is destroyed, perishes, is lost, is ruined
Notes: This word is the third person singular, present indicative, middle or passive voice of the verb 'ἀπόλλυμι'. It means 'to be destroyed', 'to perish', 'to be lost', or 'to be ruined'. It describes something undergoing destruction or ceasing to exist, often implying a complete and irreversible end. It can be used to describe the destruction of things, people, or even abstract concepts.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΘΕΙΡΕΤΑΙ, ΟΛΛΥΤΑΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΕΤΑΙ
G0779
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: as-KOY
Translations: wineskins, bottles
Notes: This word refers to containers made from animal hides, typically used for holding liquids like wine or water. In ancient times, these were common vessels for storage and transport, especially for wine, as they were durable and flexible.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G4521
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SAH-bah-sin
Translations: Sabbath, Sabbaths, a Sabbath, on the Sabbath, on the Sabbaths
Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, a day of rest and religious observance, particularly for Jews. It is often used in the plural form to refer to the Sabbath day or a series of Sabbaths. In context, it can indicate actions or events that occur on the Sabbath.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter
Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'šabbāt' (שַׁבָּת), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament.
G3899
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Part of Speech: Infinitive Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-por-YOO-es-thai
Translations: to pass by, to go along, to go past, to pass through
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'along', and 'πορεύομαι' (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to journey'. Therefore, it means 'to go alongside' or 'to pass by'. It describes the action of moving past something or someone, often indicating a journey or movement along a path.
Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΙΝΩ
G4703
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: spo-RI-mon
Translations: of sown fields, of grain fields, of cultivated land
Notes: This word refers to land that has been sown or cultivated, typically for growing grain. It is often used in the plural to denote fields of grain or cultivated lands. In the provided examples, it describes the fields through which Jesus and his disciples were passing.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΡΩΝ, ΧΩΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΣΠΟΡΙΜΟΣ (sporimos) comes from the verb σπείρω (speirō), meaning 'to sow' or 'to scatter seed'. It describes something that is sown or capable of being sown.
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: heer-XAHN-toh
Translations: they began, they started
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. In this specific form, it indicates that a group of people 'began' or 'started' an action. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what they began to do.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ho-DON
Translations: way, a way, road, a road, journey, a journey, path, a path
Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, whether literal or figurative. It can describe a physical route or a course of conduct, a manner of life, or a journey. As an accusative singular noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΑΤΡΑΠΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EH-in
Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.
G5089
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: TIL-lon-tes
Translations: plucking, picking, tearing off, pulling off
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'plucking' or 'picking'. It describes an ongoing action of pulling or tearing something off, often referring to plants or crops. It is used to indicate an action performed by the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΘΕΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: The origin of the word ΤΙΛΛΩ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin.
G4719
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sta-KHOO-as
Translations: ear of grain, a head of grain, grain, corn
Notes: This word refers to an ear of grain, such as wheat or barley, or a head of corn. It is commonly used in agricultural contexts to describe the part of the plant that bears the seeds. In the provided examples, it refers to 'ears of grain' that are either thin and wind-blasted or good and full.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΙΤΟΣ, ΚΑΡΠΟΣ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DEH
Translations: behold, see, look, lo
Notes: This word is an aorist imperative verb, meaning 'behold!' or 'see!'. It is used to draw attention to something, similar to saying 'look!' or 'pay attention!' in English. It can be used to introduce a new idea or to emphasize a point.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ὉΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-OO-sin
Translations: they make, they do, they produce, they perform
Notes: This word means 'to make', 'to do', 'to produce', or 'to perform'. It is used to describe actions or creations carried out by a group of people. For example, it can refer to people making something, doing a task, or bringing something into existence.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G1832
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ex-ES-tin
Translations: it is lawful, it is permitted, it is possible, it is proper
Notes: This is an impersonal verb, meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It is often used to express what is permissible or proper according to law, custom, or divine will. It can be followed by an infinitive or a dative case to indicate who is permitted to do something.
Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ἘΝΔΈΧΕΤΑΙ, ΔΥΝΑΤΌΝ ἘΣΤΙΝ
G0314
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: an-EG-noh-teh
Translations: you read, you have read, you did read
Notes: This word means 'to read' or 'to recognize by reading'. It is commonly used in the context of reading written documents, especially sacred texts or scriptures. It implies the act of perusing and comprehending written material.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 2nd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-sen
Translations: he made, he did, she made, she did, it made, it did
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action completed in the past. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from creating something (like God making the sea) to performing an action (like someone doing something for themselves).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G1138
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: dah-oo-EED
Translations: David
Notes: This is the Greek form of the Hebrew name David, who was the second king of the United Kingdom of Israel and Judah. He is a central figure in the Old Testament and is often referred to as 'the son of Jesse'. The name is used to refer to the historical figure.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The name Δαυείδ (Daueid) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name דָּוִד (Dawid), meaning 'beloved' or 'uncle'.
G3753
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-teh
Translations: when, whenever, at which time
Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-khen
Translations: he had, she had, it had, he held, she held, it held, he possessed, she possessed, it possessed
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe someone holding or keeping something.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
Etymology: The word ἔχω (echō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *seǵʰ-, meaning 'to hold, to have'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with a wide range of meanings and uses.
G3983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-pee-NAH-sen
Translations: he hungered, he was hungry, he became hungry
Notes: This word means to be hungry or to hunger, indicating a physical need for food. It is often used to describe someone experiencing hunger. It is a compound word, formed from the root for 'hunger' and a suffix indicating a state or condition.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Etymology: The word ΠΕΙΝΑΩ (peinaō) comes from the noun πεῖνα (peina), meaning 'hunger'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of scarcity or lack.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G4459
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POHS
Translations: how, in what way, by what means, that, in order that
Notes: ΠΩΣ is an adverb used to inquire about the manner or means by which something occurs, translating to "how" or "in what way." It can introduce direct or indirect questions. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning "that" or "in order that," especially when expressing purpose or result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative and interrogative pronominal stems.
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eis-EEL-then
Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G0008
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-bee-AH-thar
Translations: Abiathar
Notes: Abiathar is a proper noun, referring to a high priest in ancient Israel, son of Ahimelech. He was a loyal supporter of King David. In the provided examples, it is used as a name, often in genealogical lists or when referring to him in his capacity as a priest.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative or Genitive
Etymology: From Hebrew אֶבְיָתָר ('Evyatar), meaning 'my father is abundance' or 'father of excellence'.
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohs
Translations: (of) high priest, (of) chief priest
Notes: This is a compound noun, meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the principal priest, often the head of the priestly order, who held significant religious and sometimes political authority. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priest' or 'from the high priest'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ἀρχιερεύς (archiereus) is a compound of ἀρχι- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.
G740
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AR-toos
Translations: bread, loaves
Notes: This word refers to bread or a loaf of bread. It is commonly used to describe food in general, or specifically the staple food made from grain. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the context of offerings or provisions.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΙΤΟΣ, ΤΡΟΦΗ
Etymology: The word ἄρτος (artos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from an Indo-European root meaning 'to fit together' or 'to prepare'.
G4286
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pro-THEH-seh-ohs
Translations: of setting forth, of a setting before, of a purpose, of a plan, of a proposal, of showbread
Notes: This word refers to the act of setting something forth or placing it before others. It can denote a purpose, a plan, or a proposal. In a specific religious context, it refers to 'showbread' or 'bread of the Presence,' which was set before God in the tabernacle or temple. It is a compound word formed from 'πρό' (pro, meaning 'before' or 'in front of') and 'θέσις' (thesis, meaning 'a placing' or 'a setting').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΚΟΠΟΣ, ΓΝΩΜΗ
G2068
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-PHA-gen
Translations: ate, did eat, consumed
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'ate' or 'did eat'. It is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to eat'. It describes a completed action of eating by a single subject in the past. For example, 'he ate' or 'she ate'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Etymology: The verb ΕΣΘΙΩ (esthiō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'. The aorist stem, from which ἘΦΑΓΕΝ is formed, is related to the root ΦΑΓ- (phag-), which also means 'to eat' and is found in other Greek words related to consumption.
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G5315
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fah-GAYN
Translations: to eat, to consume
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb meaning 'to eat' or 'to consume'. It is used to express the action of eating in a general sense, often as the object of another verb or as a purpose clause.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΣΘΙΩ, ΒΙΒΡΩΣΚΩ
Etymology: The root of this word is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to eat'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek for the act of consuming food.
G2409
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-EH-race
Translations: priests
Notes: This word refers to individuals who perform sacred rites and offer sacrifices, acting as intermediaries between people and the divine. In ancient contexts, priests were often associated with temples and religious cults, responsible for maintaining religious traditions and rituals.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΟΙ, ΘΥΤΗΡΕΣ
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-ken
Translations: he gave, she gave, it gave, he has given, she has given, it has given
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It describes an action of giving that was completed in the past by a singular subject (he, she, or it). It is used to state a simple fact about a past event.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: OO-sin
Translations: are, they are, being
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates existence or a state of being, specifically referring to 'they are' or 'being'. It is often used to connect a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-leh-gen
Translations: he was saying, he said, he spoke, he was speaking
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. Therefore, 'ἐλεγεν' indicates that 'he was saying' or 'he used to say' something, rather than a single completed action.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕἸΠΩ
G4521
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sah-BBAH-ton
Translations: Sabbath, a Sabbath, week, a week
Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, the seventh day of the week, observed by Jews as a day of rest and worship. It can also refer to a week, or the period from one Sabbath to the next. It is used in contexts relating to religious observance and the counting of days.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Hebrew שַׁבָּת (šabbāṯ), meaning 'Sabbath' or 'rest'. It refers to the day of rest commanded in the Mosaic Law.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ahn-THROH-pohn
Translations: man, a man, person, a person, human being, a human being
Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is used to denote an individual man or woman, or the human race collectively. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any person.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOKH
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle, meaning "not" or "no." It is used to negate statements of fact or reality. It is a variant of οὐ (ou) and οὐκ (ouk), specifically used before words that begin with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u- (negative particle). It is related to other negative particles in various Indo-European languages.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss
Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir
Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.
G4521
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sahb-BAH-too
Translations: (of) Sabbath, (of) a Sabbath
Notes: This word refers to the Sabbath, which is a day of rest and worship, observed by Jews from Friday sunset to Saturday sunset. In the New Testament, it often refers to the seventh day of the week. The genitive form 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΥ' indicates possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the Sabbath' or 'belonging to the Sabbath'. It is used to specify a time or event in relation to the Sabbath day.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew word 'šabbāṯ' (שַׁבָּת), meaning 'rest' or 'cessation'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint, the Koine Greek translation of the Hebrew Bible.
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