Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Tischendorf's Greek New Testament / Mark / Chapter 15Mark, Chapter 15
Interlinear version from Tischendorf's Greek New Testament (Beta)
15:28
The manuscript does not contain this verse.
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G2112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: YOO-thoos
Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith
Notes: This word functions as an adverb, indicating that something happens without delay or directly. It is used to express immediacy in time, meaning 'at once' or 'straightway'. It can also refer to a direct path or manner, meaning 'straight' or 'directly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the Greek word εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct'. It developed into an adverb indicating immediacy.
G4404
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun
Sounds like: PRO-ee
Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning
Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)
Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.
G4824
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soom-boo-LEE-on
Translations: council, counsel, plan, advice, a council, a plan, an advice
Notes: This word refers to a meeting or assembly for consultation, a council, or the advice or plan that results from such a meeting. It is a compound word formed from σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and βουλή (boulē, meaning 'will' or 'counsel'). It can be used to describe a formal body of people meeting to make decisions or give advice, or the act of taking counsel itself.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΣΥΝΕΔΡΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΟΝ is derived from the verb συμβουλεύω (symbouleuō, 'to consult, advise'), which itself comes from the prefix σύν (syn, 'with, together') and the noun βουλή (boulē, 'will, counsel, plan').
G2090
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: eh-toy-MAH-san-tes
Translations: having prepared, having made ready, having made arrangements
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, indicating an action that was completed prior to the main verb of the sentence. It describes someone who has already prepared or made something ready. It is often used to introduce a clause that explains the circumstances or background of the main action.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G0749
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REIS
Translations: high priest, chief priest, a high priest, chief priests
Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'high priest' or 'chief priest'. It refers to the head of the priestly order, particularly the chief religious official in ancient Israel. In the plural, 'chief priests' often refers to the leading members of the priestly class, including the current high priest, former high priests, and heads of the priestly families. It is used to denote those with significant religious authority.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'ἀρχι-' (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest'.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides
Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G4245
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Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-ron
Translations: of elders, of older men, of presbyters, of older, of older ones
Notes: This word refers to older men, elders, or presbyters. It is often used in a religious or administrative context to denote leaders or respected individuals within a community, such as church elders or members of a council. It can also simply mean 'older' when used as an adjective.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΕΣΤΩΤΩΝ
G1122
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: grah-mah-TEH-ohn
Translations: (of) scribes, (of) a scribe, (of) secretaries, (of) a secretary
Notes: This word refers to a scribe, a secretary, or a public notary. In the context of the New Testament, it often refers to those learned in Jewish law, who were responsible for interpreting and teaching it. They were often associated with the Pharisees and were influential figures in Jewish society. It is a compound word, derived from 'gramma' (writing) and 'teus' (one who does).
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΚΩΝ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΩΝ
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: HO-lon
Translations: whole, entire, all, complete, a whole, an entire
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'whole' or 'entire'. It describes something as being complete or undivided. It can be used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole house' or 'all the people'. In the provided examples, it refers to the entirety of a task or a place.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΛΟΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary word; properly, 'all', 'the whole', 'entire'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4892
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: soon-ED-ree-on
Translations: council, a council, Sanhedrin, a Sanhedrin, assembly, an assembly
Notes: This word refers to a council or an assembly, particularly a judicial body. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Sanhedrin, the supreme Jewish court in Jerusalem. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'ἕδρα' (seat).
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ
Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἕδρα' (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'sitting'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting together' or 'an assembly of those sitting together'.
G1210
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: DAY-san-tes
Translations: having bound, binding, when they bound, those who bound
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It indicates that the subject of the participle has performed the action of binding.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'. It is related to various words across Indo-European languages with similar meanings.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOON
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, the Greek form of the Hebrew name 'Joshua'. It refers primarily to Jesus Christ, the central figure of Christianity. It can also refer to other individuals named Joshua in the Old Testament or other historical figures. In a sentence, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The Greek name ἸΗΣΟΥΣ (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'.
G0667
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-pee-NENG-kan
Translations: they carried away, they brought back, they bore away, they offered up
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀποφέρω (apopherō). It means "they carried away" or "they brought back/forth." It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning "from" or "away from," and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning "to carry" or "to bear." Therefore, it literally means "to carry away from" or "to bear away."
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ἈΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΦΕΡΩ
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-EH-doh-kahn
Translations: they delivered, they handed over, they betrayed, they committed, they entrusted
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to hand over', 'to deliver', 'to entrust', or 'to betray'. It describes the action of giving something or someone into the power or care of another. It can be used in various contexts, such as delivering a message, handing over a prisoner, or betraying someone to an enemy.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G4091
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: pei-LA-toh
Translations: (to) Pilate
Notes: This word refers to Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judea who presided over the trial of Jesus. As a proper noun, it is used to identify him specifically. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating that Pilate is the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for' him.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
G1905
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ay-roh-TAY-sen
Translations: he asked, he questioned, he inquired
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to question', or 'to inquire'. It is often used when someone seeks information or makes a request. It can be used in various contexts, such as asking a question to gain knowledge, questioning someone's actions, or inquiring about a situation.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: him, it, himself, itself
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, typically meaning 'him' or 'it' when used as a personal pronoun. It can also be used intensively to mean 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject or object. It refers to a previously mentioned male person or a neuter object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter
Sounds like: OH
Translations: the, who, which, O
Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)
Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.
G4091
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: pei-LAH-tos
Translations: Pilate
Notes: This word refers to Pontius Pilate, the fifth Roman governor of Judea, who presided over the trial of Jesus and ordered his crucifixion. It is used to identify him as a specific historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Pilate' is of Latin origin, likely derived from 'pilatus', meaning 'armed with a javelin' or 'pilum'. It was a Roman cognomen (surname).
G4771
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: you
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun meaning 'you' (singular). It is used when addressing a single person directly, typically as the subject of a sentence. It can also be used emphatically to highlight the person being addressed.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Second Person
Etymology: The word 'ΣΥ' is an ancient Greek pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been consistently used throughout various stages of the Greek language to refer to the second person singular.
G1519, G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: E
Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are
Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS
Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign
Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.
G2453
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-ohn
Translations: of Jews, of the Jews
Notes: This word refers to people from Judea or those who are adherents of Judaism. It is a plural noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of Jews' or 'belonging to Jews'. It can be used to describe the people, their customs, or their land.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G0611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-kree-THEIS
Translations: having answered, answering, replied, having replied
Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It describes an action that has already occurred, often translated as 'having answered' or 'having replied'. It is typically used to introduce a statement or action that is a response to something previously said or done, functioning adverbially to describe the manner or timing of the main verb.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕἸΠΩΝ, ΛΕΓΩΝ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-ghei
Translations: says, speaks, he says, he speaks, she says, she speaks, it says, it speaks
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is frequently used to introduce direct quotes or to state what someone (or something) is declaring. It is often translated as 'he says' or 'the Lord says' in biblical contexts.
Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-gays
Translations: you say, you speak, you tell
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to say,' 'to speak,' or 'to tell.' It is used when addressing a single person directly, indicating that 'you' are performing the action of speaking or saying something. It describes an ongoing or habitual action in the present time.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ
G2723
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tay-go-ROON
Translations: they accuse, they bring a charge against, they prosecute
Notes: This word means 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against someone'. It is used when one party formally blames or indicts another, often in a legal or public context. It can also imply a general act of fault-finding or condemnation.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΜΗΝΥΩ, ΔΙΑΒΑΛΛΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOO
Translations: (of) him, his, (of) it, its
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun. In this genitive singular form, it typically means 'of him,' 'his,' 'of it,' or 'its,' indicating possession or origin. It can refer to a male person or a neuter object/concept.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ (autos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'self'. It is an ancient Greek word that has been in continuous use.
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb
Sounds like: POL-lah
Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things
Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G1905
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ay-ROH-tah
Translations: he was asking, he asked, he questioned, he inquired
Notes: This word means to ask, question, or inquire. It is often used when someone is seeking information or clarification from another person. It can be used in a general sense of asking a question, or more specifically, to interrogate or demand an answer.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ΑἸΤΕΩ, ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.
G0611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-KREE-nee
Translations: answer, reply, respond
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to answer', 'to reply', or 'to respond'. It is often used in contexts where someone is speaking in response to a question or statement. It can also refer to giving a decision or a judgment. In some contexts, it can mean 'to separate' or 'to set apart', though 'to answer' is its most common usage.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Subjunctive, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ἈΝΤΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ὙΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ
G3762
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: oo-DEN
Translations: nothing, none, not any, no one
Notes: This word is a negative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one' when used as a pronoun, and 'not any' or 'no' when used as an adjective. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle οὐ (ou, 'not') and the indefinite pronoun εἷς (heis, 'one'). It is used to express absolute negation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝΟΣ
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DEH
Translations: behold, see, look, lo
Notes: This word is an aorist imperative verb, meaning 'behold!' or 'see!'. It is used to draw attention to something, similar to saying 'look!' or 'pay attention!' in English. It can be used to introduce a new idea or to emphasize a point.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ὉΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ
G4214
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: PO-sah
Translations: how many, what number, how much
Notes: This word is an interrogative adjective or pronoun used to ask about quantity or number. It translates to 'how many' or 'how much' and is used in questions or indirect questions. For example, it can be used to ask 'how many things' or 'what number of things'.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G4771
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Part of Speech: Personal Pronoun
Sounds like: soo
Translations: of you, your, yours
Notes: ΣΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the second-person personal pronoun 'you'. It indicates possession or relationship, similar to 'your' or 'of you' in English. It can be used to show that something belongs to the person being addressed, or to indicate the object of certain prepositions or verbs that take the genitive case.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, All genders
G2723
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tay-go-ROO-sin
Translations: they accuse, they bring a charge against, they speak against
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against'. It is often used in legal or formal contexts where someone is making an accusation against another person. It can also mean 'to speak against' someone in a general sense. This is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἀγορεύω (agoreuō, 'to speak in the assembly').
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word κατηγορέω (katēgoreō) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak in the assembly' or 'to declare'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak against' someone in a public or formal setting.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOOS
Translations: Jesus, Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, transliterated from the Hebrew name Yeshua or Yehoshua. It refers to the central figure of Christianity, Jesus Christ, or to Joshua, the successor of Moses in the Old Testament. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The Koine Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsous) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (Yehoshua), meaning 'Yahweh is salvation' or 'Yahweh saves'. It is also related to the shorter form יֵשׁוּעַ (Yeshua).
G3765
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ook-EH-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ
Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).
G611
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-thay
Translations: answered, replied
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it answered' or 'he/she/it replied'. It is used to indicate a response given by a person or entity to a question, statement, or situation. It is a common verb in narratives where dialogue or reactions are described.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΠΕΝ, ΛΕΓΩ
G5620
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: HOH-steh
Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ
Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.
G2296
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: thav-MAH-zayn
Translations: to wonder, to marvel, to be amazed, to admire
Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'θαυμάζω'. It means to be filled with wonder, amazement, or admiration. It can be used to express surprise, awe, or a deep sense of respect for something or someone. For example, one might 'wonder at' a great deed or 'marvel at' a beautiful sight.
Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'θαυμάζω' (thaumazō) comes from 'θαῦμα' (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel, a sight'. Its origin is likely related to the root 'thea-' meaning 'to see' or 'to gaze at', implying something that causes one to gaze in wonder.
G4091
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: pei-LA-ton
Translations: Pilate
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Pontius Pilate, the Roman prefect of Judea who presided over the trial of Jesus and ordered his crucifixion. It is used to identify the person in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Pilate is of Latin origin, likely derived from 'pilatus', meaning 'armed with a javelin' or 'pilum'.
G2596
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: KAH-tah
Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along
Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.
G1859
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-or-TEN
Translations: feast, festival, a feast, a festival
Notes: This word refers to a religious festival or a holiday, often involving celebrations or special observances. It is commonly used in contexts describing Jewish or Christian feasts, such as the Feast of Unleavened Bread or the Feast of Tabernacles. It can also refer more generally to any festive occasion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΗΓΥΡΙΣ, ΘΥΣΙΑ
G0630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-LOO-en
Translations: was releasing, was setting free, was sending away, was dismissing, was divorcing
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ἀπολύω (apolyo). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was releasing,' 'was setting free,' 'was sending away,' or 'was dismissing.' It can also be used in the context of divorcing someone. The word is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and λύω (lyo), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release.'
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
G1520
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Part of Speech: Numeral, Adjective, Pronoun
Sounds like: EH-nah
Translations: one, a, an, a certain
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the numeral 'one'. It can be used as a numeral to indicate a single unit, or as an indefinite article meaning 'a' or 'an'. It can also function as an indefinite pronoun, meaning 'a certain one' or 'someone'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to other words meaning 'one' in various Indo-European languages.
G1199
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DES-mee-on
Translations: prisoner, a prisoner, captive, a captive
Notes: This word refers to a person who is bound or imprisoned, hence a prisoner or captive. It is derived from the word for 'bond' or 'chain' and is used to describe someone held in physical restraint.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΙΧΜΑΛΩΤΟΣ, ΦΥΛΑΚΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ON
Translations: being, existing, a being, that which is
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'being' or 'existing'. It describes something that is in a state of being or existence. As a neuter singular form, it often refers to 'that which is' or 'a being', and can function as a noun.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G3868
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: par-ay-TOON-toh
Translations: they were asking for, they were begging for, they were excusing themselves, they were refusing, they were rejecting, they were deprecating
Notes: This word is the imperfect middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'παραιτέομαι'. It describes an ongoing action in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to ask for, to beg for, to request' (often with the implication of asking for release or a favor), or 'to excuse oneself, to decline, to refuse, to reject' (often to avoid something or to deprecate something). It implies an action directed by the subject towards themselves or another, or an action done for themselves.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, from, by', and 'αἰτέω' (aitéō), meaning 'to ask, to beg'. The combination suggests asking or begging from someone or for something, or asking to be excused from something.
G2258
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: HAYN
Translations: was, he was, she was, it was
Notes: This word is the imperfect indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes a continuous or ongoing state or action in the past. It can be translated as 'was', 'he was', 'she was', or 'it was', depending on the subject implied by the context. It is often used to set the scene or describe background information in a narrative.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: leh-GO-meh-noss
Translations: being said, being spoken, being called, called, named, the one being said, the one being called
Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes something or someone that is being said, spoken about, or called. It often functions as an adjective meaning 'called' or 'named', or as a noun referring to 'the one being called' or 'the one being spoken of'. It can be used to introduce a common name or a description of something.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Passive, Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G0912
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-RAB-bas
Translations: Barabbas
Notes: This is the name of a specific individual mentioned in the New Testament. He was a notorious prisoner, described as a robber and an insurrectionist, who was released by Pontius Pilate instead of Jesus, according to the Gospels. It is used as a proper name for this historical figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Barabbas is Aramaic in origin, meaning 'son of Abba' or 'son of the father'. It is a compound of 'bar' (son of) and 'Abba' (father).
G4716
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stah-see-ah-STOHN
Translations: of rebels, of insurrectionists, of rioters, of seditionists
Notes: This word refers to individuals who engage in rebellion, insurrection, or sedition. It describes someone who causes or participates in civil unrest or a revolt against authority. It is a compound word derived from 'stasis' (standing, party, faction, discord) and the agent suffix '-astes'.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΤΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΕΩΝ, ΤΑΡΑΧΩΝ
G1210
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-nos
Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound one, a prisoner
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been bound or tied. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'bound' or 'tied', or substantively, referring to 'one who is bound' or 'a prisoner'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ
Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.
G3748
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee-nes
Translations: whoever, whosoever, those who, which
Notes: ΟΙΤΙΝΕΣ is a compound relative pronoun, formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It refers to a general or indefinite group of people or things, meaning 'whoever' or 'those who'. It is used to introduce a clause that provides additional information about a preceding noun, often implying a characteristic or quality of the group.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΙ, ΤΙΝΕΣ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: en
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).
Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G4714
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: STA-seh
Translations: to a standing, for a standing, to a rebellion, for a rebellion, to a division, for a division, to a party, for a party
Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state. It can also denote a rebellion, an insurrection, or a division, often implying a faction or party. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or purpose of an action related to these concepts.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ
G5408
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FOH-non
Translations: murder, a murder, slaughter, a slaughter
Notes: This word refers to the act of murder or slaughter. It is used to describe the violent killing of a person or people. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb, indicating what was done.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΚΟΠΗ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-kay-san
Translations: they had made, they had done, they had produced, they had performed
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'poieō', meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. This specific form indicates an action that was completed in the past and whose results were still relevant at a later point in the past. It is used to describe what 'they' (a group of people) had done or made.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Perfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷey- (to build, make). In Koine Greek, it developed from earlier forms of the verb 'poieō'.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-na-BAS
Translations: going up, having gone up, ascending, having ascended
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb ἀναβαίνω, meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often functioning adverbially to modify a verb or adjectivally to describe a noun. It indicates someone who has performed the action of going up or ascending.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΝΙΩΝ
G3793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OCH-los
Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, mob, a mob
Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a multitude, or a crowd. It can sometimes carry the connotation of a common or unorganized group, or even a disorderly mob. It is typically used to describe a large number of people gathered together, often in a public space.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ
Etymology: The etymology of ὈΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be of pre-Greek origin or possibly related to words meaning 'to press' or 'to throng'.
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-XAH-toh
Translations: began, started
Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'he/she/it began' or 'he/she/it started'. It is used to indicate the commencement of an action or state, often implying that the subject initiated the action themselves (middle voice) or that the action simply began (passive voice).
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek word ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to be first, to rule, to begin'. The middle voice ἄρχομαι means 'to begin' or 'to take the lead'.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ai-TEES-thai
Translations: to ask, to request, to demand, to beg
Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'αἰτέω'. It means 'to ask for oneself', 'to request', or 'to demand'. It implies seeking something for one's own benefit or with a sense of entitlement, and can also be used in a more general sense of asking or begging.
Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word αἰτέω is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to seek' or 'to desire'.
G2531
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: KAH-thohss
Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ
Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POI-ei
Translations: he was doing, he was making, he was performing, he was producing
Notes: This word describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It means 'to do', 'to make', 'to perform', or 'to produce'. It is often used to describe someone's continuous activity or a repeated action in a past context.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GOHN
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-LEH-teh
Translations: you want, you wish, you desire, you will
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to want', 'to wish', 'to desire', or 'to will'. It is used to express a strong inclination or intention. It often takes an infinitive to indicate what is wanted or desired, such as 'you want to go' or 'you wish to do'.
Inflection: 2nd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ
G0630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-LOO-soh
Translations: I will release, I will set free, I will send away, I will dismiss, I will divorce
Notes: This word means to release, set free, send away, or dismiss. It is often used in the context of releasing someone from custody, sending someone away, or even divorcing a spouse. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb λύω (lyo), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G5213
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: yoo-MEEN
Translations: (to) you, (for) you
Notes: This word is a second person plural pronoun, meaning 'you' (plural). It is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action. It can be translated as 'to you' or 'for you', depending on the context.
Inflection: Plural, Dative
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah
Translations: king, a king
Notes: This word refers to a king, monarch, or ruler. It is used to denote the sovereign head of a state or people. In its accusative form, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G1097
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-gi-NOH-sken
Translations: was knowing, knew, was understanding, understood, was perceiving, perceived
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know', 'to understand', or 'to perceive'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. It describes someone who was in the process of knowing or understanding something, or who habitually knew something. For example, 'he was knowing' or 'he used to know'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G5355
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: FTHO-non
Translations: envy, jealousy, a grudge
Notes: This word refers to the feeling of envy or jealousy, often accompanied by ill will or resentment towards another's success or possessions. It can also denote a grudge or spite. It is typically used to describe a negative emotion that can lead to harmful actions or attitudes.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΗΛΟΣ, ΒΑΣΚΑΝΙΑ
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pa-ra-de-DOH-kee-san
Translations: they had delivered up, they had handed over, they had betrayed
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to deliver over', 'to hand over', or 'to betray'. It is formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. In this form, it describes an action that was completed in the past before another past action, indicating that a group of people had delivered someone or something over.
Inflection: Pluperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G0389
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-neh-SAY-san
Translations: they stirred up, they incited, they agitated
Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb σείω (seíō), meaning 'to shake' or 'to move'. Together, ἀνασείω means to stir up, incite, or agitate. It is used to describe the action of rousing a crowd or a group of people to a particular action or state, often implying a negative or rebellious connotation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ
Etymology: The verb ἀνασείω (anaseíō) is formed from the prefix ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb σείω (seíō), meaning 'to shake' or 'to move'. The root σείω is related to the idea of shaking or causing movement.
G3793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OKH-lon
Translations: crowd, a crowd, multitude, a multitude, throng, a throng
Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also denote a throng or a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear him speak.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ
Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to disturb' or 'to trouble', perhaps referring to the commotion a crowd can cause.
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G3123
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MAHL-lon
Translations: more, rather, much more, especially
Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ
Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.
G0912
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: bah-RAHB-bahn
Translations: Barabbas
Notes: This is the name of a historical figure mentioned in the New Testament, Barabbas, who was a prisoner released by Pontius Pilate instead of Jesus. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this individual.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Barabbas is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'son of Abba' or 'son of the father'. It is a compound of 'bar' (son of) and 'Abba' (father).
G0630
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-LY-see
Translations: release, a release, dismissal, a dismissal, divorce, a divorce
Notes: This word refers to the act of releasing, dismissing, or sending away. It can be used in various contexts, such as the release of a prisoner, the dismissal of an assembly, or, notably, the act of divorce. It signifies a separation or setting free from a previous state or connection.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΦΕΣΙΣ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΟΛΗ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-leh-gen
Translations: he was saying, he said, he spoke, he was speaking
Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. Therefore, 'ἐλεγεν' indicates that 'he was saying' or 'he used to say' something, rather than a single completed action.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕἸΠΩ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-EE-soh
Translations: I will do, I will make, I will perform, I will create
Notes: This word is a verb indicating an action that will be carried out in the future. It means 'to do', 'to make', 'to perform', or 'to create'. It is often used to describe the execution of a task, the production of something, or the bringing about of an event.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΩ, ΕΡΓΑΣΟΜΑΙ
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: LEH-geh-teh
Translations: you say, you speak, say!, speak!
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It can be used in a declarative sense, indicating that 'you (plural) are saying' or 'you (plural) are speaking'. It can also be used as a command, meaning 'say!' or 'speak!' (to multiple people).
Inflection: 2nd Person Plural, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative or Imperative Mood
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G2896
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-RAX-an
Translations: they cried out, they shouted, they screamed
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'krazō', meaning 'to cry out' or 'to shout'. It describes an action of loud vocalization that happened in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is often used to express a strong emotional outburst, a plea, or a command.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΟΑΩ, ΚΕΚΡΑΓΑ
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stow-ROH-son
Translations: crucify, impale
Notes: This word means to crucify or to impale on a cross. It is often used as a command or an urgent plea, as seen in the example usage where people are demanding someone be crucified. It refers to the act of putting someone to death by fastening them to a cross.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Plural
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POY-ee-sen
Translations: he made, he did, she made, she did, it made, it did
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It describes an action completed in the past. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from creating something (like God making the sea) to performing an action (like someone doing something for themselves).
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
G2556
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: KAH-kon
Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster
Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.
G4057
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: peh-ris-SOHSS
Translations: exceedingly, abundantly, much, greatly, beyond measure, extremely
Notes: This word is an adverb used to emphasize the degree or intensity of an action or quality. It indicates something is done or exists to an exceptional or extraordinary extent, often translated as 'exceedingly' or 'abundantly'. It can be used to describe how much something is done or how strong a quality is.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΛΙΑΝ
Etymology: The word "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΩΣ" is derived from the adjective "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΣ" (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous'.
G1014
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-nos
Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, wanting
Notes: This word is a present participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is currently wishing, desiring, or intending to do something. It often indicates the subject's will, purpose, or intention in a given action.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩΝ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩΝ
G4160
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: poy-AY-sah-ee
Translations: to make, to do, to create, to perform, to produce, to bring about
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to make' or 'to do'. It expresses the action of making, doing, creating, or performing something. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used after other verbs or prepositions to indicate purpose or result.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ
G2425
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ee-kah-NON
Translations: sufficient, enough, adequate, competent, worthy, considerable, many, much, a sufficient thing, an adequate thing
Notes: This word describes something as being sufficient, adequate, or enough for a particular purpose or situation. It can also refer to a considerable quantity or number of something, meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to indicate that something meets a required standard or amount.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ, ΕΞΑΡΚΗΣ, ΠΛΗΡΗΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G3793
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OKH-loh
Translations: to the crowd, to a crowd, to the multitude, to a multitude, to the throng, to a throng
Notes: This word refers to a crowd, multitude, or throng of people. It can also refer to the common people or the rabble. In its dative singular form, as presented, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning "to the crowd" or "for the crowd."
Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ, ΔΗΜΟΣ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ὄχος (ochos, 'anything that holds or carries').
G630
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-LYOO-sen
Translations: he released, he sent away, he dismissed, he set free
Notes: This word means to release, dismiss, send away, or set free. It is often used in contexts of letting someone go, whether from custody, a gathering, or a position. It can also refer to divorcing a spouse or sending a message.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ
G3860
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pah-reh-DOH-ken
Translations: handed over, delivered, gave up, betrayed, committed, entrusted
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It generally means to hand something over to someone, to deliver, or to give up. Depending on the context, it can also mean to betray someone, to commit something to someone's care, or to entrust. It is often used in the sense of delivering someone into custody or handing over a tradition.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ
G5453
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: phra-gel-LOH-sas
Translations: having scourged, having flogged
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'to scourge' or 'to flog'. It describes an action that was completed before the main action of the sentence. It indicates that someone performed the act of scourging or flogging.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΜΑΣΤΙΖΩ, ΔΕΡΩ
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stah-vroh-THEE
Translations: be crucified, be impaled, be fixed to a cross
Notes: This word means 'to be crucified' or 'to be impaled on a stake'. It describes the act of being put to death by being fastened to a cross or stake. It is often used in the context of the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ
Etymology: From σταυρός (stauros, "cross, stake"). The verb means to fix to a cross or stake.
G4757
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tai
Translations: soldiers, the soldiers
Notes: This word refers to soldiers, military personnel, or warriors. It is typically used in a plural sense to denote a group of individuals serving in an army or military force. It can be used in sentences to refer to a body of troops or individual members of the military.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΟΠΛΙΤΑΙ
G0520
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ap-ay-GAH-gon
Translations: led away, brought away, took away
Notes: This word means 'to lead away', 'to bring away', or 'to take away'. It is the aorist active indicative form, indicating a completed action in the past. It is often used in contexts of arrest, deportation, or simply moving someone or something from one place to another.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΓΩ, ΦΕΡΩ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SOH
Translations: I save, I deliver, I preserve, I heal
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'σῴζω' (sōzō), meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is used to describe the act of rescuing someone or something from danger, harm, or destruction. It can also refer to healing or preserving life. In the provided context, 'ἘΣΩ' appears to be an incomplete form or a prefix, as the full verb forms like 'ἘΣΩΘΗΣΑΝ' (they were saved) and 'ἘΣΩΣΕΝ' (he saved) are seen. The word itself is not typically used in isolation in Koine Greek.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice (of σῴζω)
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂w- 'to save, to protect'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G0833
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ow-LEES
Translations: of a courtyard, of a court, of a palace, of a sheepfold, of a fold
Notes: This word refers to an open space, typically a courtyard or a court, often attached to a house or a palace. It can also refer to a sheepfold or a pen where animals are kept. In a broader sense, it can denote a dwelling or a place of residence. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΛΙΣ, ἘΠΑΥΛΙΣ, ΜΑΝΔΡΑ
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, a is
Notes: This word is the third person singular present indicative form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It means 'he is', 'she is', 'it is', or 'there is'. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being, often linking a subject to a predicate. It can also imply 'exists' or 'happens'.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
G4232
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PRAI-toh-ri-on
Translations: Praetorium, palace, governor's headquarters, barracks, a Praetorium, a palace, a governor's headquarters, a barracks
Notes: This word refers to the official residence of a Roman governor or military commander. It could also denote the headquarters of a Roman army camp, or even the barracks of the Praetorian Guard in Rome. In the New Testament, it often refers to the palace or official residence of Pontius Pilate in Jerusalem.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΟΙΚΙΑ
Etymology: The word is a transliteration of the Latin 'praetorium', which originally referred to the tent of a Roman general (praetor) in a camp. Over time, it came to mean the official residence of a governor or military commander.
G4786
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-kah-LOO-sin
Translations: they call together, they assemble, they summon
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'καλέω' (to call). It means to call people together, to assemble them, or to summon them. It is used to describe an action where a group of individuals are brought together by someone's command or invitation.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word ΣΥΓΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call'.
G3650
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: OH-len
Translations: whole, all, entire, a whole
Notes: This word means 'whole', 'all', or 'entire'. It is an adjective used to describe something as complete or undivided. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'the whole city' or 'all the people'. In this form, it is the feminine singular accusative case, meaning it would modify a feminine singular noun that is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΑΣ, ΑΠΑΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G4687
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SPAY-ran
Translations: to sow, to scatter seed, to plant
Notes: This word refers to the act of sowing seeds, scattering them over the ground for growth. It can also be used more broadly to mean to scatter or to plant. In the provided examples, it appears in various past tense forms, indicating actions of 'sowing' that have already occurred or are conditional.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative (3rd Person Plural) or Aorist Active Participle (Accusative Singular Feminine or Neuter, or Accusative Plural Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter)
Synonyms: ΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: From an unconfirmed root, possibly related to the idea of 'scattering' or 'spreading'.
G1746
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-DI-doos-koo-sin
Translations: they put on, they clothe, they array
Notes: This word describes the action of putting on clothing or arraying someone. It is used to indicate that a group of people (they) are performing this action. It can be used in contexts where someone is being dressed or adorned with something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΕΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, "in") + δύω (duō, "to enter, to put on").
G4209
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: por-FY-ran
Translations: purple, a purple garment, purple dye
Notes: This word refers to the color purple, or more commonly, a purple garment or cloth, often associated with royalty, wealth, or high status due to the expense of the dye. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G4060
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-ree-TEE-thay-ah-sin
Translations: they put around, they place around, they put on, they place on
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Therefore, it means 'to put around' or 'to place around'. It is used to describe the action of encircling something or placing something upon or around another object, such as clothing, a crown, or a fence.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΔΥΩ
G4120
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: PLEX-an-tes
Translations: having braided, having woven, braiding, weaving
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having braided' or 'having woven'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb of the sentence. It indicates that the subjects performed the action of braiding or weaving.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
G0002
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-KAN-thee-non
Translations: thorny, made of thorns, a thorny
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'thorny' or 'made of thorns'. It describes something that is composed of or pertains to thorns, such as a crown made from thorn branches. It is typically used to describe objects or materials.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
G4735
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: steh-FAH-non
Translations: crown, a crown, wreath, a wreath, garland, a garland
Notes: This word refers to a crown, wreath, or garland, typically worn on the head as a symbol of royalty, victory, honor, or festive adornment. It can be made of various materials, such as gold, leaves, or flowers. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object when in the accusative case, indicating the thing being given, worn, or possessed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΙΣ
G0756
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: heer-XAHN-toh
Translations: they began, they started
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to begin' or 'to rule'. In this specific form, it indicates that a group of people 'began' or 'started' an action. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what they began to do.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΩ
G0782
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: as-PAH-zes-thai
Translations: to greet, to salute, to embrace, to welcome
Notes: This verb means to greet, salute, or embrace someone. It can also imply welcoming or taking leave of someone. It is often used in the context of showing respect, affection, or hospitality.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word comes from a root meaning 'to draw to oneself' or 'to welcome'.
G5463
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: KHAH-ee-reh
Translations: rejoice, be glad, hail, greetings
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. It is often used as a greeting, similar to 'Hail!' or 'Greetings!' in English, expressing a wish for someone to be well or happy. It can also be used as an imperative command to express joy or happiness.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ
G0935
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-oo
Translations: king, a king
Notes: This word refers to a king or ruler. It is used to denote a sovereign, monarch, or any person holding royal authority. In the provided examples, it refers to kings in general or a specific king, such as the Assyrian king.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ
G5180
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-toop-ton
Translations: they were striking, they kept striking, they used to strike, they beat, they were beating
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'τύπτω' (typtō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to beat'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted. So, 'ἘΤΥΠΤΟΝ' means 'they were striking' or 'they kept striking'. It can be used in sentences to describe a group of people repeatedly hitting or beating something or someone.
Inflection: Imperfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ, ΚΟΠΤΩ
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LEEN
Translations: head, a head
Notes: This word refers to the physical head of a body. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a leader, chief, or origin, depending on the context, such as 'the head of a household' or 'the head of a river'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'head' or 'top' in other Indo-European languages.
G2563
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ka-la-MOH
Translations: (to) a reed, (to) a stalk, (to) a cane, (to) a measuring rod, (to) a pen
Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ' (kalamos), meaning 'reed', 'stalk', 'cane', 'measuring rod', or 'pen'. It indicates the indirect object of an action, signifying 'to' or 'for' a reed/stalk/etc. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'he wrote with a reed' (where 'with a reed' implies 'to/for a reed' in the Greek dative case). It can refer to a plant, a tool for measurement, or an instrument for writing.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΡΑΒΔΟΣ, ΞΥΛΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'ΚΑΛΑΜΟΣ' is of Semitic origin, likely borrowed into Greek from a word related to 'qaneh' in Hebrew, meaning 'reed' or 'stalk'. It refers to the hollow stem of a plant, particularly a reed or cane.
G1716
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-EP-too-on
Translations: they were spitting on, they kept spitting on, they spit on
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to spit upon' or 'to spit on'. It is used to describe the act of spitting on someone or something, often as a sign of contempt or insult. The word is a compound of the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in' or 'on') and the verb ΠΤΎΩ (ptuō, meaning 'to spit').
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Etymology: The word ἘΜΠΤΎΩ is formed from the prefix ἘΝ- (en-, meaning 'in' or 'on') and the verb ΠΤΎΩ (ptuō, meaning 'to spit').
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: tee-THEN-tes
Translations: placing, putting, setting, laying, those who place, those who put, those who set, those who lay
Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place, put, set, or lay'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially. It often translates as 'placing' or 'those who place', indicating the ones performing the action of putting or setting something.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΙΣΤΑΝΤΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G1119
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GOH-na-tah
Translations: knees
Notes: This word refers to the knees, the joints in the middle of the legs. It is the plural form of the word for 'knee' and is used to describe both human and animal knees. It can be used in contexts referring to kneeling or physical actions involving the knees.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'knee' in many other Indo-European languages.
G4352
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-eh-ky-NOO-oon
Translations: they were worshiping, they were bowing down, they were prostrating themselves
Notes: This word describes the act of showing reverence or homage, typically by bowing down, prostrating oneself, or kissing the ground. It can refer to worshiping God or showing respect to a king or a person of authority. In the provided context, it describes people bowing down to someone, likely a king, as a sign of respect or obedience.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ
Etymology: The word προσκυνέω (proskyneō) is a compound word formed from πρός (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'in the direction of', and κυνέω (kyneō), meaning 'to kiss'. Thus, it literally means 'to kiss towards' or 'to kiss the ground towards someone', signifying an act of reverence or submission.
G3753
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-teh
Translations: when, whenever, at which time
Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.
G1702
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-neh-PAI-ksan
Translations: they mocked, they ridiculed, they made sport of, they scoffed at
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, among) and the verb 'παίζω' (to play, to sport). It means to mock, ridicule, or make sport of someone, often with contempt or derision. It describes an action where a group of people treat someone with scorn or contempt, often through jesting or abusive behavior.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (in, among) and the verb ΠΑΙΖΩ (to play, to sport). The root ΠΑΙΖΩ comes from ΠΑΙΣ (child), suggesting the idea of childish play or sport, which in this context takes on a negative connotation of making fun of someone.
G1562
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-EH-doo-san
Translations: they stripped off, they took off, they undressed, they divested
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εκδύω' (ekdyo). It means 'to strip off', 'to take off', or 'to undress' something or someone. It is often used in contexts where clothing or armor is removed. As a compound word, it combines 'εκ' (out of, from) and 'δύω' (to enter, to put on or off).
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΓΥΜΝΟΩ
G1746
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: en-EH-doo-san
Translations: they put on, they clothed, they dressed
Notes: This verb means to put on clothing, to dress oneself, or to clothe someone else. It can be used literally for putting on garments or metaphorically for being invested with a quality or characteristic. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group of people.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ἈΜΦΙΈΝΝΥΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΒΆΛΛΩ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐν (en, "in") and δύω (duō, "to enter, to put on").
G2440
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah
Translations: garments, clothes, raiment
Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.
G1806
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-AH-goo-sin
Translations: they lead out, they bring out, they take out, they cast out
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to lead, bring, or take out. It describes the action of moving someone or something from an inner place to an outer one, or from one location to another, often implying a forceful or deliberate removal. It can also mean to cast out or expel.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stow-ROH-soo-sin
Translations: they will crucify, they will impale
Notes: This word means to crucify, to fix to a cross, or to impale. It describes the act of putting someone to death by nailing or binding them to a cross. It is used to refer to the method of execution commonly practiced by the Romans.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Etymology: From the Greek word σταυρός (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'.
G0029
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ang-gar-EH-oo-sin
Translations: they compel, they force, they press into service
Notes: This word describes the act of compelling or forcing someone to perform a service, often against their will. It specifically refers to the practice of impressment, where an authority, like a king or a government official, could force individuals or their animals into service for transport or other duties. It implies a non-voluntary, authoritative demand for service.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: The Greek word ἀγγαρεύω (angareuō) is derived from the Persian word 'angaros', which referred to a mounted courier or messenger in the ancient Persian postal system. These couriers had the authority to compel people or animals into service for their journeys, leading to the word's meaning of 'to compel' or 'to press into service'.
G3855
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pah-rah-GON-tah
Translations: passing by, going by, a passerby, one passing by
Notes: This word is the accusative singular masculine or neuter form of the present active participle of the verb 'παράγω' (parago), meaning 'to pass by' or 'to go along'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of passing by or moving alongside. In the provided context, it refers to a person who is passing by.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΔΕΥΩΝ, ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE-nah
Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything
Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.
Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter
G4613
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: see-MOH-nah
Translations: Simon
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the personal name Simon. It is used to identify individuals named Simon, such as Simon Peter, Simon the Zealot, or Simon of Cyrene, and functions as the direct object in a sentence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G2956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: koo-ree-NAI-on
Translations: Cyrenian, a Cyrenian, of Cyrene
Notes: This word describes someone or something originating from Cyrene, an ancient Greek city in modern-day Libya. It is often used to refer to a person from Cyrene, such as Simon of Cyrene in the New Testament.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G2064
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: ER-kho-me-non
Translations: coming, going, about to come, the coming one, that which is coming, a coming thing
Notes: This word is a present participle, indicating an action that is in progress or about to happen. It describes something or someone that is 'coming' or 'going'. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantivally, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'the one coming' or 'that which is coming'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive
Synonyms: ΗΚΟΝΤΑ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΑ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: AP
Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since
Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.
G0068
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ag-ROO
Translations: of a field, of the country, of land, of the field, of the country, of the land
Notes: This word refers to a field, cultivated land, or the open country outside of a city. It is often used to denote agricultural land or a rural area. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a field' or 'from the country'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΗ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to Latin ager (field).
G3962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-TEH-ra
Translations: father, a father
Notes: This word refers to a father or a male parent. It is used in a general sense to denote a biological father, an ancestor, or even a spiritual father figure. In this form, it functions as the direct object of a verb or preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G223
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo
Translations: of Alexander
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).
G4513
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ROO-foo
Translations: of Rufus
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Rufus'. Rufus was a common Roman surname, meaning 'red' or 'red-haired'. In the New Testament, a Rufus is mentioned as the son of Simon of Cyrene, who carried Jesus' cross, and another Rufus is greeted by Paul in Romans 16:13, whose mother is also mentioned.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: From Latin 'Rufus', meaning 'red' or 'red-haired'.
G0142
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-REH
Translations: take up, lift, carry, take away, remove, pick up, bear
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to take up,' 'to lift,' 'to carry,' or 'to take away.' It can be used in various contexts, such as lifting an object, carrying a burden, or removing something from a place. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΦΕΡΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
Etymology: From an unstated primary verb, meaning 'to take up' or 'to lift.'
G4716
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stow-RON
Translations: cross, a cross, stake, a stake
Notes: This word refers to an upright stake, pole, or a cross. In the New Testament, it commonly denotes the instrument of crucifixion, particularly the cross on which Jesus Christ was crucified. It can also be used metaphorically to represent the suffering or sacrifice associated with following Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
G5342
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FAIR-oo-sin
Translations: they bear, they carry, they bring, they lead, they endure
Notes: This is a common Koine Greek verb meaning 'to bear,' 'to carry,' 'to bring,' 'to lead,' or 'to endure.' It is used to describe the action of moving something from one place to another, or to signify the act of sustaining or tolerating something. The form ΦΕΡΟΥΣΙΝ specifically indicates an action performed by 'they' (a group of people or things) in the present tense. While the user inquired about a potential future tense, this form is definitively present indicative active.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEE
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to
Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.
G1115
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gol-go-THAN
Translations: Golgotha
Notes: Golgotha is a proper noun referring to the place where Jesus was crucified. Its name means 'place of a skull' or 'skull place'. It is used to denote this specific location.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The word Γολγοθᾶ (Golgotha) is a transliteration of an Aramaic word, likely 'Gulgulta' (גֻּלְגָּלְתָּא), which means 'skull'.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TO-pon
Translations: place, a place, region, a region, spot, a spot, location, a location
Notes: This word refers to a specific physical location, area, or region. It can be used to denote a particular spot, a general area, or even a position or status. For example, it might be used to say 'this place' or 'in that region'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G3177
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: meth-er-may-NEH-oo-meh-non
Translations: being translated, which means, interpreted, being interpreted
Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being translated' or 'being interpreted'. It is often used to introduce an explanation or definition of a preceding word or phrase, indicating that the word or phrase is being explained or given its meaning in another language or in simpler terms. It is a compound word formed from μετά (with, after), ἑρμηνεύω (to interpret, translate), and the passive participle ending.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΔΗΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΝ
G2898
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kra-NEE-oo
Translations: of a skull, of the skull, skull, a skull
Notes: ΚΡΑΝΙΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the noun ΚΡΑΝΙΟΝ, which means 'skull' or 'cranium'. It refers to the bony framework of the head. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession or origin, so it translates as 'of a skull' or 'of the skull'. In the provided context, it is used to describe a place, 'the place of a skull', which is also known as Golgotha.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Etymology: The word ΚΡΑΝΙΟΝ comes from the Greek word κρανίον (kranion), which is related to κράνος (kranos), meaning 'helmet'. It refers to the part of the head that covers the brain.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poss
Translations: place, a place, location, region, space, site
Notes: This word refers to a specific location, area, or region. It can denote a physical spot, a general area, or even a metaphorical space or opportunity. It is commonly used to indicate where something is situated or where an event occurs.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΟΙΚΟΣ, ΕΔΡΑ
Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of 'cutting' or 'marking out'.
G1325
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DIH-doon
Translations: I was giving, I used to give, they were giving, they used to give, I gave, they gave
Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. The imperfect tense describes an action that was ongoing, repeated, or habitual in the past. It can also describe an action that was attempted or begun in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'I was giving' or 'they were giving'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΩ
Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated verb, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.
G4687
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: es-myr-NIS-me-non
Translations: myrrhed, having been mixed with myrrh, a myrrhed thing
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been mixed with myrrh' or 'myrrhed'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being mixed with myrrh. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, and can also be used substantively to refer to 'that which has been myrrhed'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From σμύρνα (smýrna), meaning 'myrrh', and the suffix -ίζω (-ízō), which forms verbs. The word literally means 'to mix with myrrh' or 'to anoint with myrrh'.
G3631
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OY-non
Translations: wine, a wine
Notes: This word refers to wine, a fermented beverage made from grapes. It can be used in various contexts, often appearing as the object of a verb, indicating something that is consumed or provided.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΟἸΝΟΣ is of Pre-Greek origin, meaning it existed in the region before the arrival of the Greek language. It is related to similar words for wine in other Indo-European languages.
G3739
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Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction
Sounds like: HOS
Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when
Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben
Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received
Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: stow-ROO-sin
Translations: they crucify, they are crucifying, they impale, they are impaling
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to crucify' or 'to impale'. It describes the action of putting someone to death by fastening them to a cross or stake. It is used in the third person plural, indicating that 'they' are performing the action. It can be used in sentences like 'They crucify him' or 'They are impaling them'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΡΕΜΑΝΝΥΜΙ
Etymology: The word ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (stauroō) is derived from the noun ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (stauros), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'. It refers to the act of affixing someone to a stauros.
G1268
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ah-meh-REE-zon-tai
Translations: they divide, they distribute, they separate
Notes: This word means to divide, distribute, or separate something among multiple parties. It can refer to the physical act of splitting something into parts or the act of assigning portions to different individuals. It is often used in contexts where possessions or resources are being shared or allocated.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΙΑΝΕΜΩ
G0906
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: BAL-lon-tes
Translations: throwing, casting, putting, laying, those throwing, while throwing
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or simultaneous with another action. It can be translated as 'throwing' or 'those who are throwing', depending on the context. For example, it might describe people who are in the act of throwing something.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ
G2819
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KLEE-ron
Translations: inheritance, an inheritance, lot, a lot, portion, a portion, share, a share
Notes: This word refers to an inheritance, a lot, or a portion of something, often land or property. It can also refer to a share or part received, or even a lot cast to determine something. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb, indicating what is being inherited, received, or determined by lot.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ep
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with
Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).
Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TAH
Translations: them, these things, it, the same
Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun/adjective 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ' (autos). In this form, it functions as a neuter plural pronoun, meaning 'them' or 'these things', referring to inanimate objects or concepts. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'the same'. It typically serves as the subject or direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΙΝΑ
G5101
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Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective
Sounds like: TEES
Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing
Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.
Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.
G5610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-rah
Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment
Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.
G5154
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral
Sounds like: TREE-tay
Translations: third, a third, the third
Notes: This word is an ordinal number meaning 'third'. It is used to indicate position in a sequence, such as 'the third day' or 'the third person'. It functions as an adjective, modifying a noun, and agrees with it in gender, number, and case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΤΟΣ (tritos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *trei- meaning 'three'.
G4717
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-tow-ROH-san
Translations: they crucified, they impaled
Notes: This word means 'they crucified' or 'they impaled'. It describes the action of putting someone to death by fastening them to a cross or stake. It is typically used in historical or narrative contexts to describe the execution method.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΝΑΚΡΕΜΑΝΝΥΜΙ
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G1923
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-grah-FEE
Translations: inscription, an inscription, superscription, a superscription, title, a title
Notes: This word refers to something written on a surface, such as an inscription, a superscription, or a title. It can be found on monuments, coins, or other objects, indicating ownership, purpose, or a name. For example, it might refer to the writing on a coin or the title above a section of text.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΓΡΑΦΗ, ΤΙΤΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ἐπιγράφω (epigraphō), meaning 'to write upon' or 'to inscribe', which is formed from ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and γράφω (graphō, 'to write').
G0156
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ai-TEE-as
Translations: of cause, of reason, of charge, of accusation, of fault, of a cause, of a reason, of a charge, of an accusation, of a fault
Notes: This word refers to the cause or reason behind an event or action. It can also denote a charge or accusation, particularly in a legal or judicial context, indicating the grounds for a complaint or indictment. It is used to explain why something happened or to assign blame.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑἸΤΙΟΝ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ἘΓΚΛΗΜΑ
G1923
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ep-ee-geh-grap-MEH-nee
Translations: written upon, inscribed, written over, having been written, a written thing, an inscribed thing
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been written upon' or 'inscribed'. It describes something that has had writing or an inscription placed on it. It is often used to refer to titles, labels, or names that are written on objects or documents.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine, Perfect, Passive
Synonyms: ΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΗ, ἘΓΓΕΓΡΑΜΜΕΝΗ
G4862
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: soon
Translations: with, together with, along with
Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.
G1417
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: DEE-oh
Translations: two
Notes: This word is a cardinal numeral meaning 'two'. It is used to indicate a quantity of two of something. It is indeclinable, meaning its form does not change regardless of gender, case, or number.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'two'.
G3027
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: lees-TAS
Translations: robbers, bandits, brigands
Notes: This word refers to robbers, bandits, or brigands. It describes someone who commits robbery, often with violence, and can be used to refer to a group of such individuals. In the provided context, it is used as the direct object, indicating those who are brought upon others.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΠΤΗΣ, ΑΡΠΑΞ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of
Notes: ἘΚ is a preposition meaning 'out of' or 'from,' indicating origin, source, or separation. It always governs the genitive case, meaning the noun or pronoun following it will be in the genitive form. It can also be used to express the cause or means by which something occurs.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἈΠΌ
Etymology: From a primary preposition, meaning 'out of' or 'from'. It is a fundamental word in Greek, indicating separation or origin.
G1188
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: dehk-see-OHN
Translations: of the right, of the right hand, right, right hand
Notes: This word refers to the right side or the right hand. It is often used in a spatial sense to indicate direction or position, such as 'on the right' or 'from the right'. In a figurative sense, it can also denote a place of honor or authority, as in 'at the right hand of God'.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΣ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: ex
Translations: out of, from, of, by, with
Notes: ἘΞ is a preposition that signifies origin, separation, or source. It always governs the genitive case. It can denote movement 'out of' a place, 'from' a point in time or a source, 'of' a material or composition, or 'by' an agent. It often implies a complete separation or a clear point of departure.
Inflection: Does not inflect; always takes the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with Latin ex and English out.
G2176
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoo-OH-noo-mohn
Translations: of the left, of the unlucky, of the ominous
Notes: This word is an adjective that literally means 'well-named' or 'of good name', but it is used euphemistically to refer to the 'left' side. In ancient cultures, the left side was often associated with bad omens or misfortune, so 'well-named' was used to avoid speaking directly of the 'unlucky' side. It can also mean 'unlucky' or 'ominous' directly. It is used to describe something belonging to or coming from the left side.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ἈΡΙΣΤΕΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΩΝΥΜΟΣ is a compound word formed from ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ὈΝΟΜΑ (onoma), meaning 'name'. It literally means 'well-named' or 'of good name', and was used as a euphemism for 'left' or 'unlucky'.
G3899
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: pa-ra-por-YOO-oh-men-oy
Translations: passing by, going by, passing along
Notes: This word is a compound participle, meaning 'passing by' or 'going along'. It describes an action of moving alongside or past something or someone. It is often used to refer to people who are traveling or walking past a particular location or event.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G987
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eb-blas-fay-MOO-oon
Translations: they blasphemed, they were blaspheming, they reviled, they were reviling
Notes: This word describes the act of speaking impiously or disrespectfully, particularly towards God or sacred things. It can also mean to revile or slander someone. In the provided context, it indicates that a group of people were engaged in such speech, either continuously or at a specific past time.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΥΒΡΙΖΩ
G2795
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kee-NOON-tes
Translations: moving, shaking, stirring, removing, agitating, inciting
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'moving' or 'shaking'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can be used to describe physical movement, like shaking one's head, or to describe something that is being stirred or agitated, or even to incite someone to action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΟΝΤΕΣ, ΤΑΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΕΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kin- (to move, set in motion).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G2776
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: keh-fah-LAS
Translations: heads, (of) heads, (to) heads
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical head of a living being. It can also be used metaphorically to denote a chief, leader, or the top part of something. In the provided examples, it is used in the plural to refer to multiple heads, often in the context of people or deities.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative or Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ΑΡΧΗ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, of themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun indicating possession or relation, specifically for a group of people or things. It is used to mean 'of them' or 'their', often referring back to a previously mentioned plural noun or pronoun.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
G3004
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: leh-GON-tes
Translations: saying, speaking, telling
Notes: This is the present active participle of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or saying something, often functioning adverbially to describe how an action is performed, or adjectivally to describe those who are speaking.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G3759
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Part of Speech: Interjection, Noun
Sounds like: OO-ah
Translations: Woe, alas, a woe
Notes: This word is primarily used as an interjection to express grief, pain, or denunciation. It often introduces a prophetic warning or a lamentation, indicating a dire consequence or a state of misery. It can also function as a noun, referring to a 'woe' or a 'calamity' itself.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From a primary interjection of grief.
G2647
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-LOO-ohn
Translations: destroying, pulling down, overthrowing, lodging, staying, abolishing, dissolving, putting an end to, a destroyer, one who pulls down
Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something down, whether literally like a building or tent, or figuratively like a law or custom. It can also mean to lodge or stay overnight, especially in the context of a journey. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of destroying, pulling down, or lodging.
Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΛΥΩ
Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and λύω (lyō), meaning 'to loose' or 'to release'. The compound verb thus means 'to loose down' or 'to pull down'.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-on
Translations: temple, a temple, shrine, a shrine
Notes: ΝΑΟΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΝΑΟΣ, meaning 'temple' or 'shrine'. It specifically refers to the inner sanctuary of a temple, the dwelling place of the deity, as distinct from the broader temple complex (ἱερόν). It is used when the temple is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition that takes the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
G3618
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MOHN
Translations: building, constructing, a builder, one who builds
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is building' or 'the one building'. It is a compound word formed from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'δομέω' (to build), literally meaning 'to build a house'. It refers to the act of constructing or erecting something, often a building, but can also be used metaphorically for building up or edifying, such as a community or a person's character.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩΝ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound verb derived from the noun ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling', and the verb ΔΟΜΕΩ (domeō), meaning 'to build'. It literally means 'to build a house' and developed to mean 'to build' in a general sense.
G5140
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Part of Speech: Numeral
Sounds like: TREE-sin
Translations: (to) three
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the numeral 'three'. It is used to indicate the number three, often in the sense of 'to three' or 'for three', depending on the context. It can refer to three of any gender (masculine, feminine, or neuter).
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hee-MEH-raiss
Translations: (to) days, (in) days, (on) days
Notes: This is the dative plural form of the noun 'day'. It refers to a period of twenty-four hours, a specific time period, or a particular occasion. In the dative case, it often indicates the time when something occurs or the duration over which an action takes place, hence translations like 'in days' or 'on days'.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙ, ΚΑΙΡΟΙ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SOH-son
Translations: save, deliver, make whole, preserve, heal
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save' or 'to deliver'. It is often used in a plea or command, asking someone to provide salvation, rescue, or healing. It can refer to physical deliverance from danger or illness, or spiritual salvation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ
Etymology: From an assumed primary verb of uncertain affinity. It is related to the concept of safety and soundness.
G4572
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: seh-ow-TON
Translations: yourself
Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'yourself'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'you save yourself' or 'you destroy yourself'.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
G2597
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: kah-tah-BAS
Translations: descending, coming down, going down
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'καταβαίνω' (katabainō), meaning 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It describes an action of descending that has already occurred or is completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or verb, indicating someone or something that has descended.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΙΣΧΥΩ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, out of, off, (of), by, since, after
Notes: ἈΠΟ is a common Koine Greek preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or source. It is always used with the genitive case. It can mean 'from' or 'away from' a place or person, indicating movement away. It can also denote the cause or agent ('by'), or a temporal starting point ('since', 'after').
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ἘΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is cognate with English 'off' and 'of'.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4716
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: stow-ROO
Translations: (of) a cross, (of) the cross, (of) a stake, (of) the stake
Notes: This word refers to an upright stake, pole, or a cross, often used for crucifixion. In the New Testament, it primarily denotes the instrument of Jesus' crucifixion, symbolizing his death and the Christian faith. It can also refer to the act of crucifixion itself or metaphorically to the suffering and self-denial required of a follower of Christ.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΠΑΣΣΑΛΟΣ
Etymology: From the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The noun refers to something that stands upright, hence a stake or pole.
G3668
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ho-MOY-ohss
Translations: likewise, similarly, in like manner, even so
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'likewise' or 'similarly'. It is used to indicate that something is done in the same way as something else, or that a situation is comparable to one previously mentioned. It can connect clauses or sentences, showing a parallel action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣΑΥΤΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΩΣ
G1702
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: em-PAI-zon-tes
Translations: mocking, making sport of, ridiculing, deriding, scoffing at, playing with
Notes: This word describes the action of mocking, ridiculing, or making sport of someone or something. It implies treating someone with contempt or scorn, often through jest or play. It can also mean to play with or trifle with. In a sentence, it would be used to describe people who are engaged in such an action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ
G4314
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: PROSS
Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to
Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.
Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).
Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.
G240
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Part of Speech: Reciprocal Pronoun
Sounds like: al-LAY-loos
Translations: one another, each other
Notes: This word is a reciprocal pronoun, meaning 'one another' or 'each other'. It is used to indicate that the action of the verb is performed by each member of a group upon the other members. For example, 'they loved one another'. It is a compound word formed from the word ἈΛΛΟΣ (ALLOS), meaning 'other'.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine. Reciprocal pronouns do not have singular forms and are only found in the genitive, dative, and accusative cases.
G3004
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-leh-gon
Translations: they were saying, they said, they used to say
Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is used to indicate that a group of people were in the process of speaking or had a habit of saying something.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ
G0243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-looce
Translations: others, other, another, different
Notes: This word refers to 'other' people or things, distinct from those already mentioned or implied. It is used to indicate a different one or a different group. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He saw others' meaning he saw different people.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ἙΤΕΡΟΣ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-SOH-sen
Translations: he saved, she saved, it saved
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it saved' or 'he/she/it rescued'. It describes an action of saving or delivering that occurred in the past. It is often used in contexts of physical deliverance from danger, illness, or death, but can also refer to spiritual salvation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΣΩΤΗΡΙΑ
G1438
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: eh-ahf-TON
Translations: himself, herself, itself, themselves
Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, or themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action of the verb is directed back to the subject. For example, 'he saw himself'. It can be used for singular or plural subjects.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΝ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no
Notes: ΟΥ̓ is a negative particle used to express a factual negation. It typically negates verbs in the indicative mood, stating that something is not true or does not happen. It can also negate other parts of speech. When combined with ΜΉ (ou mē), it forms a very strong negation, meaning "by no means" or "never."
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΉ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ΟΥ̓ΧΊ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental negative particle in Greek.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-tai
Translations: is able, can, is powerful, has power
Notes: This word means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used to express capability or possibility, indicating that someone or something possesses the capacity to perform an action or achieve a state. It can be used with an infinitive to mean 'can do something'.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SOH-sai
Translations: to save, to deliver, to preserve, to heal
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'to save'. It expresses the purpose or result of an action, often translated as 'to save' or 'in order to save'. It can refer to physical salvation, deliverance from danger, preservation of life, or spiritual salvation.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ
G5547
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun
Sounds like: khree-STOSS
Translations: Christ, Anointed One, Messiah, a Christ, an Anointed One
Notes: This word refers to the 'Anointed One' or 'Messiah'. In the New Testament, it is predominantly used as a title for Jesus, identifying him as the promised Messiah. It can also be used more generally to refer to anyone who has been anointed, such as a king or priest.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ
Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb χρίω (chriō), meaning 'to anoint'. The noun form refers to someone who has been anointed, typically for a special office or purpose.
G2474
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL
Translations: Israel
Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.
Inflection: Indeclinable
Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).
G2597
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-BAH-toh
Translations: let him go down, let him come down, may he go down, may he come down, descend
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go down' or 'to come down'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. It is often used in contexts where someone or something is moving from a higher place to a lower one.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present, Imperative or Subjunctive, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΒΗΝ
G3568
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: NOON
Translations: now, at present, at this time
Notes: ΝΥΝ is an adverb meaning 'now' or 'at present'. It refers to the current moment in time. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a conclusion in a discourse, indicating a shift to the present situation or a logical consequence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now'. It is cognate with Latin nunc and English 'now'.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-DOH-men
Translations: let us see, that we may see, we may see
Notes: This word is a form of the verb meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As an aorist active subjunctive, first person plural, it expresses a hortatory (encouraging) or deliberative action, often translated as 'let us see' or 'may we see'. It can also indicate purpose, meaning 'in order that we may see'.
Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩ, ὉΡΆΩ
G4100
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pis-TEV-so-men
Translations: let us believe, we may believe, we should believe, we might believe
Notes: This word means 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It is a verb form that expresses a hortatory subjunctive, which is used to encourage or urge a group (in this case, 'us') to perform an action. Therefore, it translates to 'let us believe' or 'we should believe'. It can be used in sentences where a speaker is proposing an action for a group to undertake.
Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΜΕΝ, ΕΛΠΙΖΟΜΕΝ
G4871
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-es-tow-RO-meh-noy
Translations: crucified with, having been crucified with, fellow crucified ones
Notes: This word describes someone who has been crucified together with another. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'σταυρόω' (to crucify). It is used to refer to those who share the experience of crucifixion with someone else, often metaphorically in a spiritual sense of dying to sin with Christ.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine
Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ (STAUROO), meaning 'to crucify'. ΣΤΑΥΡΟΩ is derived from ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ (STAUROS), meaning 'cross' or 'stake'.
G3679
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: oh-NEH-dee-zon
Translations: they were reproaching, they were reviling, they were insulting, they were taunting, they were upbraiding
Notes: This word describes the act of reproaching, reviling, or insulting someone. It implies a strong verbal attack, often with the intent to shame or humiliate. It is used to describe people who were verbally abusing or taunting others.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΒΡΙΖΩ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΕΩ
G1096
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays
Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle
Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ
G5610
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OH-ras
Translations: of an hour, of a time, of a season, of a moment, of a day, of a time of day
Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, such as an hour, a season, or a particular moment. It can also denote a specific time of day or a critical juncture. In this genitive form, it often indicates possession or a relationship, such as 'of an hour' or 'belonging to a time'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΥ, ΧΡΟΝΟΥ
G1622
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EK-tays
Translations: of the sixth
Notes: This word is an ordinal number, meaning 'sixth'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its position in a sequence. The form 'ΕΚΤΗΣ' is the genitive singular feminine, meaning 'of the sixth' (feminine noun). It would be used in contexts like 'the sixth hour' (τῆς ἕκτης ὥρας).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: From the Greek word ἕξ (hex), meaning 'six'. It is the ordinal form derived from the cardinal number.
G4655
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SKO-tos
Translations: darkness, gloom, a darkness
Notes: This word refers to darkness, either literal absence of light or metaphorical darkness, such as spiritual or moral obscurity, ignorance, or a state of wickedness. It can be used to describe a physical condition or a spiritual one.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΖΟΦΟΣ, ΣΚΟΤΙΑ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'shadow' or 'darkness'.
G1096
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh
Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix
Sounds like: EHF
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by
Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.
Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G1093
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: GAYN
Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region
Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ
G2193
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: EH-ohs
Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ
Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.
G1766
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-NAH-tays
Translations: (of) ninth, (of) a ninth
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'ninth'. It is used to indicate the ordinal position in a sequence, such as the ninth hour or the ninth day. In the provided examples, it refers to the ninth hour or the ninth day of the month.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G1766
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral
Sounds like: eh-NAH-tay
Translations: ninth, a ninth
Notes: This word means 'ninth' and is used to indicate the ordinal position in a sequence. It functions as an adjective, describing a noun that is the ninth in order.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Genitive
Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἐννέα' (ennea), meaning 'nine'.
G0994
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-BO-eh-sen
Translations: he cried out, he shouted, he called out
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cry out,' 'to shout,' or 'to call aloud.' It describes a loud vocalization, often indicating urgency, distress, or a strong command. It is used to describe someone making a loud sound with their voice.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ
Etymology: The word βοάω (boao) is of uncertain origin, possibly onomatopoeic, mimicking the sound of a shout.
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAY
Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise
Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gah-lay
Translations: great, large, mighty, a great, a large, a mighty
Notes: ΜΕΓΑΛΗ is a feminine adjective meaning 'great' or 'large'. It is used to describe feminine nouns, indicating their size, importance, or intensity. For example, it can describe a 'great city' or a 'large crowd'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ
G1679
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: eh-LOY
Translations: God, My God
Notes: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic/Hebrew word 'Eloi' or 'Eli', meaning 'My God'. It is used as a direct address to God, often in a cry or prayer. It appears in the New Testament as part of Jesus' cry from the cross.
Inflection: Does not inflect (transliteration)
Etymology: This word is a direct transliteration from the Aramaic/Hebrew word אֱלָהִי (ʾĔlāhī), meaning 'my God'. It is a vocative form of 'God'.
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: LEH-mah
Translations: unknown
Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. Given the context of the example usage, which mentions 'Ptolemy' (ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΣ), it is highly probable that 'ΛΕΜΑ' is a misspelling or a fragment of 'ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΣ' (Ptolemaios), which is a common proper noun in Koine Greek texts, referring to the name of several Egyptian kings. If it is a misspelling of Ptolemaios, it would refer to the king or a person named Ptolemy.
Inflection: Unknown
G4518
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: sah-bakh-THAH-nei
Translations: you have forsaken, you abandoned
Notes: This word is a transliteration of an Aramaic verb, meaning 'you have forsaken' or 'you have abandoned'. It is famously quoted by Jesus on the cross in the Gospels, as part of the phrase 'My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?' It is used to express a feeling of abandonment or being left alone.
Inflection: Second Person Singular, Perfect Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Aramaic verb 'šəḇaqtani' (שְׁבַקְתַּנִי), meaning 'you have forsaken me'. It is a compound of the verb 'šəḇaq' (to leave, abandon) and the second person singular suffix '-tani' (you me).
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THEH-os
Translations: God, a God, Lord
Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G1700
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: moo
Translations: of me, my, mine
Notes: ΜΟΥ is the genitive singular form of the first-person personal pronoun, meaning "of me," "my," or "mine." It indicates possession or origin, similar to how "my" or "mine" is used in English. It can be used with nouns to show ownership (e.g., "my house") or with verbs to indicate the source or object of an action (e.g., "he heard of me").
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Common Gender
G1519
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.
G1459
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eng-ka-teh-LEE-pes
Translations: you abandoned, you forsook, you left behind
Notes: This word means to abandon, forsake, or leave behind. It implies a complete desertion or giving up of someone or something. It is often used in contexts where someone is left alone or in a difficult situation.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΕΚΛΕΙΠΩ
G1691
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: MEH
Translations: me
Notes: This word is the first-person singular pronoun 'me' in the accusative case. It is used as the direct object of a verb or as the object of certain prepositions, indicating the recipient of an action or the object being affected.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, First Person
Etymology: The word ΜΕ (me) derives from the ancient Greek first-person singular pronoun. Its form has remained largely consistent throughout various stages of the Greek language.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
G3936
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: par-es-TOH-tohn
Translations: of those standing by, of those present, of those standing near, of those standing beside, of those standing before
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρίστημι' (paristēmi), meaning 'to stand by,' 'to be present,' 'to stand near,' or 'to present oneself.' As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who are standing by' or 'those who are present,' indicating possession or relationship. It is often used to describe people who are observers or attendants in a given situation.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΤΩΝ, ΠΑΡΟΝΤΩΝ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: ah-koo-SAN-tes
Translations: having heard, hearing, listening, having listened
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing or listening that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can indicate a cause or a preceding action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΠΥΝΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ
G2338
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: thay-LI-an
Translations: female, a female
Notes: This word, ΗΛΕΙΑΝ, is almost certainly a misspelling or a variant of ΘΗΛΕΙΑΝ (thēleian). It is the accusative singular feminine form of the adjective ΘΗΛΥΣ (thēlys), meaning 'female' or 'feminine'. It is used to describe a female animal or person, often in contexts referring to gender.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G5455
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-NEH-ee
Translations: he calls, she calls, it calls, he speaks, she speaks, it speaks, he sounds, she sounds, it sounds
Notes: This word means to utter a sound, to speak, or to call out. It is often used to describe the act of making a vocal sound, whether it's a human voice, an animal's cry, or the sound of an instrument. It can be used in contexts where someone is calling to another person, speaking a word, or making a sound.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΩΝΕΩ (phōneō) comes from the noun ΦΩΝΗ (phōnē), meaning 'sound' or 'voice'.
G5143
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: drah-MOHN
Translations: running, having run, ran
Notes: ΔΡΑΜΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΤΡΕΧΩ, meaning 'to run'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject. It can be translated as 'running' or 'having run', indicating an action completed in the past relative to the main verb. For example, 'he, having run, arrived'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle
Synonyms: ΘΕΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ
Etymology: The verb ΤΡΕΧΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *dregʰ-, meaning 'to run'.
G1072
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: geh-MEE-sas
Translations: having filled, when he filled, after filling
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'γεμίζω' (gemizo), meaning 'to fill' or 'to load'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed, often preceding or accompanying the main verb of the sentence. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of filling something.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΜΠΙΠΛΗΜΙ
G4699
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SPON-gon
Translations: sponge, a sponge
Notes: This word refers to a sponge, a porous material often used for absorbing liquids or for cleaning. In ancient contexts, it was commonly used to soak up liquids like vinegar or water.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: The word ΣΠΟΓΓΟΣ (spongos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a Mediterranean substrate language. It is related to Latin 'spongia' and English 'sponge'.
G3690
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OX-oos
Translations: vinegar, a vinegar, of vinegar
Notes: This word refers to vinegar, a sour liquid often used as a condiment or a cheap drink. In ancient times, it was also sometimes mixed with water to create a refreshing beverage for travelers or soldiers. It is used here in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Etymology: The word 'ΟΞΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'sharp' or 'sour'.
G4060
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: peh-ree-THEYS
Translations: putting around, placing around, surrounding, clothing, crowning, putting on, laying on
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. As a participle, it describes an action of putting or placing something around another object or person. It can refer to physically encircling, clothing, or even metaphorically bestowing something upon someone, such as a crown or honor.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΕΡΙΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΚΕΙΜΑΙ
G4222
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-POH-tid-zen
Translations: was watering, was giving to drink, used to water, used to give to drink
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to water' or 'to give to drink'. It is used to describe an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. For example, it could describe someone continuously watering plants or repeatedly offering a drink to someone.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
G863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-FEH-teh
Translations: Let go, forgive, allow, leave, send away
Notes: This word is a verb meaning to let go, forgive, allow, leave, or send away. It is often used in commands or requests, indicating an action of releasing, permitting, or abandoning something or someone. It can be used in various contexts, such as forgiving sins, leaving a place, or allowing an action to happen.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Imperative
Synonyms: ἘΑΩ, ΠΑΡΙΗΜΙ
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ER-kheh-tai
Translations: he comes, she comes, it comes, he is coming, she is coming, it is coming
Notes: This word means 'he/she/it comes' or 'he/she/it is coming'. It is a very common verb used to describe movement towards a speaker or a specified point. It can also mean 'to go' in certain contexts, especially when the destination is implied or clear from the context.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G2243
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: hay-LEE-as
Translations: Elias, Elijah
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the prophet Elijah, a significant figure in the Old Testament. He is known for his prophetic ministry, miracles, and ascension into heaven. The name is used to identify the individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: From Hebrew אֵלִיָּהוּ ('Eliyyahu), meaning 'My God is Yahweh'.
G2507
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-theh-LEIN
Translations: to take down, to pull down, to cast down, to destroy, to overthrow, to demolish
Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'καθαιρέω'. It means 'to take down' or 'to pull down'. It can be used literally to describe the act of dismantling or demolishing a physical structure, or metaphorically to describe the overthrowing of a power, authority, or system. It implies an action of bringing something or someone from a higher position to a lower one, often with destructive intent.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ
G0863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-FEIS
Translations: you may let go, you may send away, you may forgive, you may permit, you may abandon, you may leave
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'aphiēmi', meaning to send away, let go, forgive, permit, or abandon. It is used to express an action that the subject might do or is permitted to do, often implying a condition or a wish. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'If you forgive their sin...' or 'You may let go of the rope.'
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΕΩ
G5456
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: foh-NAYN
Translations: voice, a voice, sound, a sound, report, a report
Notes: This word refers to a voice, sound, or report. It is often used to describe the sound produced by a living being, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal. It can also refer to a general sound or noise, or a message or report that is heard.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ, ΛΑΛΙΑ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: meh-GAH-len
Translations: great, large, mighty, a great, a large, a mighty
Notes: This word describes something as being great in size, importance, or intensity. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of greatness. For example, it can refer to a large city, a significant event, or a powerful emotion.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ
G1606
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eks-EP-noo-sen
Translations: breathed out, expired, died
Notes: This word means to breathe out, to expire, or to die. It is often used to describe someone taking their last breath or passing away. It can be used in a sentence to indicate the moment of death.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝῌΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ
G2665
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kah-tah-PEH-tahs-mah
Translations: veil, a veil, curtain, a curtain
Notes: This word refers to a veil or curtain, often a large and thick one. In biblical contexts, it specifically denotes the curtain that separated the Holy Place from the Most Holy Place in the Tabernacle and the Temple, or the curtain at the entrance of the Tabernacle. It is used to describe a physical barrier that conceals or divides.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΣΚΗΝΙΟΝ, ΠΑΡΑΠΕΤΑΣΜΑ
Etymology: This word is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΠΕΤΑΣΜΑ (petasma), meaning 'something spread out' or 'a covering'. It describes something spread out or hung down, hence a curtain or veil.
G3485
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: NAH-oo
Translations: of a temple, of the temple, to a temple, to the temple, temples
Notes: This word refers to a temple or a sanctuary, specifically the inner part of a temple where the deity was worshipped. It can also refer to the entire sacred edifice. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive singular (of the temple) and the nominative/accusative plural (temples).
Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Dative; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΝ, ΝΕΩΣ
Etymology: The word ΝΑΟΣ (naos) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It refers to a dwelling place, particularly of a god.
G4977
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-KHIS-thay
Translations: it was torn, it was split, it was divided
Notes: This word describes something being torn, split, or divided. It is often used to describe a physical tearing, like a curtain or a garment, or a division, such as a group of people splitting into factions. It is used in the passive voice, indicating that the action is done to the subject, rather than by the subject.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΠΤΩ
G0509
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AH-noh-then
Translations: from above, from the top, again, anew, from the beginning
Notes: This word is an adverb that can have both a spatial and a temporal meaning. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from the top,' indicating origin or direction from a higher place. Temporally, it means 'again,' 'anew,' or 'from the beginning,' indicating a repetition or a fresh start. Its specific meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΑΛΙΝ, ἘΚ ΠΡΩΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ἈΝΩΘΕΝ is formed from the adverb ἄνω (anō), meaning 'upwards' or 'above,' combined with the suffix -θεν (-then), which indicates origin or direction 'from' a place. Thus, it literally means 'from above' or 'from an upper place,' and by extension, 'from the beginning' or 'again'.
G2736
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: KAH-toh
Translations: down, below, beneath, underneath
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'down' or 'below'. It indicates a position or direction that is lower than something else. It can be used to describe movement downwards or a location at a lower level.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΥΠΟΚΑΤΩ, ΚΑΤΩΘΕΝ
Etymology: From the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to'.
G1492
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: ee-DON
Translations: seeing, having seen, when he saw, after seeing, when he had seen
Notes: This is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having seen' or 'when one saw'. It describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can function adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΛΈΠΩΝ, ὉΡΩ͂Ν
G2760
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ken-too-REE-ohn
Translations: centurion, a centurion
Notes: A centurion was a professional officer in the Roman army who commanded a 'century' of 80 to 100 men. This word is a transliteration of the Latin 'centurio'. In the New Testament, centurions are often depicted in a positive light, showing faith or compassion.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative. This word inflects for case and number.
Etymology: This word is a transliteration of the Latin word 'centurio', which itself comes from 'centum' meaning 'one hundred'. It refers to the commander of a century, a unit of approximately one hundred soldiers.
G3936
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Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective
Sounds like: par-es-TEE-kōs
Translations: standing by, present, assisting, standing near, a bystander, one who stands by
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'one who has stood by' or 'one who is standing by'. It describes someone who is present, standing near, or assisting. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or substantively as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one standing by').
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle
Synonyms: ΕΦΕΣΤΩΣ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩΝ, ΠΑΡΩΝ
G1727
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-as
Translations: (of) opposite, (of) contrary, (of) hostile, (of) adverse
Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the adjective 'ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ', meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary'. It is often used in the adverbial phrase 'ἐξ ἐναντίας' (ex enantias), which means 'from the opposite side', 'opposite', 'in opposition', or 'face to face'. It describes something that is in opposition or contrary to something else.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ
G3779
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-tohs
Translations: thus, so, in this way, in such a way
Notes: This adverb indicates manner or degree, meaning 'in this way,' 'thus,' or 'so.' It can refer back to something previously mentioned or forward to something about to be stated. It often introduces a consequence or result, showing how something is done or to what extent.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ
Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (OUTOS), meaning 'this' or 'that'.
G2036
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-pen
Translations: he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It is commonly used to introduce direct speech or to report what someone said.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ
G0230
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: ah-lay-THOHS
Translations: truly, indeed, certainly, verily, in truth, really
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'truly' or 'indeed'. It is used to emphasize the truthfulness or certainty of a statement, often appearing at the beginning of a clause or phrase to affirm what is being said. It can also be used to confirm something that has been stated.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΝΤΩΣ, ΑΜΗΝ, ΒΕΒΑΙΩΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: OO-tos
Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.
Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-throh-poss
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HUI-os
Translations: son, a son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THAY-oo
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΘΕΟΣ' (theos), meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or relationship, similar to the English 'of' or the possessive apostrophe 's'. Therefore, 'ΘΕΟΥ' typically translates to 'of God' or 'of a god', depending on the context. It can refer to the one true God or to a pagan deity.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: AY-sahn
Translations: they were, were
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'to be'. It indicates an action or state that was ongoing or habitual in the past, referring to a plural subject. It functions similarly to 'were' in English, describing the state or existence of multiple entities in a past context.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
G1135
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: goo-NAI-kes
Translations: women, wives
Notes: This word refers to women or wives in the plural form. It is commonly used to denote a group of adult females or married women. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'The women gathered together' or 'His wives were present'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine
G3113
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: MA-kro-THEN
Translations: from afar, from a distance, far off
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating distance, meaning 'from afar' or 'from a distance'. It describes an action or state that originates from a distant point or occurs at a significant remove. It can be used to describe someone seeing something from far away, or an event happening at a distance.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΤΗΛΕ
Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΜΑΚΡΟΣ (makros), meaning 'long' or 'far'. The suffix -θεν indicates origin or direction 'from'.
G2334
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: theh-oh-ROO-sai
Translations: seeing, beholding, observing, gazing, looking on
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'seeing' or 'beholding'. It describes an ongoing action of observing or looking at something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun (in this case, feminine plural nouns like 'women') while also carrying verbal force, indicating an action they are performing.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΟΥΣΑΙ, ΟΡΩΣΑΙ, ΣΚΟΠΟΥΣΑΙ
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Part of Speech: Unknown
Sounds like: AISS
Translations: unknown
Notes: It's not clear what this word means. It could be garbled or badly misspelled. In Koine Greek, 'ΑΙΣ' does not appear as a standalone word with a clear meaning. It might be a fragment of a larger word, a typo, or an abbreviation. Without further context or correction, its meaning remains unknown.
Inflection: Unknown
G3137
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: mah-REE-ah
Translations: Mary
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the name Mary. In the New Testament, it is the name of several prominent women, most notably Mary, the mother of Jesus, and Mary Magdalene. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Mary is derived from the Hebrew name Miryam (מִרְיָם), which is of uncertain meaning but possibly related to 'bitterness' or 'rebellion', or alternatively, 'beloved' or 'sea of bitterness'. It came into Greek as Mariam and Maria.
G3094
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: Mag-da-lay-NAY
Translations: Magdalene, Mary Magdalene
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Mary Magdalene, a prominent figure in the New Testament. She is often identified as a follower of Jesus and is mentioned as being present at his crucifixion and as the first witness to his resurrection. It is used to specify 'Mary who is from Magdala' or 'Mary the Magdalene'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The word is derived from the Hebrew/Aramaic place name Magdala, meaning 'tower' or 'fortress'. It designates a person from the town of Magdala, located on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.
G2384
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boo
Translations: of Jacob
Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Jacob'. Jacob is a significant figure in the Old Testament, one of the patriarchs of Israel, whose name was later changed to Israel. The word is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'belonging to Jacob' or 'from Jacob'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name 'Jacob' is of Hebrew origin, from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), meaning 'supplanter' or 'he grasps the heel'. It is a common name in biblical texts.
G3398
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: mee-KROO
Translations: (of) small, (of) little, (of) short, (of) young, (of) unimportant, (of) the small one, (of) the little one, (of) the least
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΜΙΚΡΟΣ' (mikros), meaning 'small' or 'little'. It can describe something as being of small size, quantity, or importance. When used substantively, it refers to 'the small one' or 'the least'. It is often used in phrases contrasting with 'great' or 'large', such as 'from great to small' (ἀπὸ μεγάλου ἕως μικροῦ), meaning 'from the greatest to the least' or 'from everyone, regardless of status'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ (mikros) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to the Latin 'minor' and 'minimus'.
G2602
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-oh-SAY-tos
Translations: of Joses
Notes: This is a proper male name, Joses, which is a variant of Joseph. It is used to refer to a person named Joses, often in the context of indicating parentage or association, such as 'the mother of Joses' or 'the brother of Joses'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Etymology: The name Ἰώσητος (Iōsētos) is a Greek form of the Hebrew name יוסף (Yosef), meaning 'He will add'. It is a common biblical name.
G3384
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MAY-tair
Translations: mother, a mother
Notes: This word refers to a female parent, a mother. It is a common noun used to denote the woman who has given birth to or raised a child. It can be used in various contexts to refer to a biological mother, an adoptive mother, or even a metaphorical mother figure.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'mother'. It is a widely attested word across various Indo-European languages.
G4532
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: sah-LOH-may
Translations: Salome
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Salome, a common name for women in ancient times. Most notably, it refers to the daughter of Herodias, who danced for Herod Antipas and requested the head of John the Baptist. It is used to identify a specific person.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Etymology: The name Salome is derived from the Hebrew word 'shalom', meaning 'peace'. It was a common name among Jewish women during the Second Temple period.
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral
Sounds like: AI
Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11
Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)
Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.
G1056
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yah
Translations: Galilee
Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in biblical history, particularly as the primary setting for Jesus's ministry. It is often referred to in the New Testament.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Galilee' comes from the Hebrew word 'galil' (גָּלִיל), meaning 'circle' or 'district'. It referred to a district of northern Israel, particularly the region inhabited by Gentiles.
G0190
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ay-koh-LOO-thoon
Translations: they were following, they followed, they kept following
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is often used to indicate someone moving behind or in the company of another person or group, or adhering to a teaching or leader.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΕΠΟΝΤΟ, ΕΠΕΒΑΙΝΟΝ
Etymology: The word ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'with', and the noun κέλευθος (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'way'. Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path' or 'to go along with'.
G1247
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: dee-ay-ko-NOO-n
Translations: were serving, were ministering, were waiting on, served, ministered, waited on
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to serve,' 'to minister,' or 'to wait on.' It describes the act of providing service or assistance to someone. The form 'ΔΙΗΚΟΝΟΥΝ' is the third person plural imperfect active indicative, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'they were serving' or 'they used to serve.' It can be used in contexts where people are attending to the needs of others, whether by providing food, financial support, or general assistance.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΕΩ
G243
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: AL-lai
Translations: other, another, different
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to something distinct from what has already been mentioned. In this form, it is a plural feminine adjective, often used to describe multiple feminine nouns or concepts that are 'other' or 'different'. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'other women' or 'other things' (if the 'things' are grammatically feminine).
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: POL-lahee
Translations: many, much, numerous, great
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'many' or 'much'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of things, people, or concepts. It can be used attributively (e.g., 'many people') or substantively (e.g., 'the many').
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative or Vocative, Plural
Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ
G4872
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: soo-nah-nah-BAH-sai
Translations: having gone up with, who went up with, accompanying up
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having gone up with' or 'accompanying up'. It describes an action that happened in the past, indicating that someone ascended or went up together with another person or group. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (with), 'ἀνά' (up), and 'βαίνω' (to go).
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΩ
G2414
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah
Translations: Jerusalem
Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).
G3798
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: op-SEE-as
Translations: evening, late, of evening, of late
Notes: This word refers to the time of evening or late in the day. It is often used to indicate when an event takes place, such as 'in the evening' or 'when it was late'. It can also refer to the evening itself as a period of time.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΕΙΛΗ
G1893
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: eh-PEI
Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as
Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ
Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.
G3904
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pa-ra-ske-OO-ay
Translations: preparation, a preparation, equipment, provision, Friday
Notes: This word refers to the act of preparing or making ready for something. It can also denote the things that are prepared, such as equipment or provisions. In a specific religious context, it refers to the day of preparation for the Sabbath, which is Friday.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ
Etymology: From the Greek verb παρασκευάζω (paraskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare' or 'to get ready'. It is formed from παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and σκευάζω (skeuazō, 'to prepare, to equip').
G4390
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: pros-SAH-bah-ton
Translations: the day before the Sabbath, preparation day, Friday
Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'before', and 'σάββατον' (sabbaton), meaning 'Sabbath'. It refers to the day immediately preceding the Sabbath, which in the Jewish calendar was Friday, a day of preparation for the Sabbath. It is used to denote the day before the Sabbath.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to, toward, before', and the Hebrew loanword ΣΑΒΒΑΤΟΝ (sabbaton), meaning 'Sabbath'. It literally means 'before the Sabbath'.
G2064
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: el-THOHN
Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed before the main verb's action. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or circumstance of the main action, such as 'when he came' or 'after he had come'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ
G2501
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: EE-oh-SAYF
Translations: Joseph
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to the biblical name Joseph. It is used to identify individuals named Joseph, such as Joseph, the son of Jacob, or Joseph, the husband of Mary. It functions as a subject or object in a sentence, much like any other proper name.
Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)
Etymology: From Hebrew יוֹסֵף (Yosef), meaning 'he adds' or 'may he add'.
G0707
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-ri-ma-THAI-as
Translations: of Arimathea
Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Arimathea, a town in Judea. It is primarily known as the hometown of Joseph, a wealthy disciple of Jesus who buried Jesus' body.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The origin of the name 'Arimathea' is uncertain, but it is believed to be a Hellenized form of a Hebrew place name, possibly 'Ramathaim' or 'Ramah'.
G2157
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: yoos-KHE-mone
Translations: respectable, honorable, proper, decent, comely
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is respectable, honorable, or proper in appearance, conduct, or character. It implies a sense of decorum, dignity, and good standing. It can be used to describe a person who is well-regarded in society or an action that is appropriate and becoming.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΣΕΜΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΣΧΗΜΩΝ is a compound word derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓ (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ΣΧΗΜΑ (schēma), meaning 'form', 'figure', or 'appearance'. Thus, it literally means 'of good form' or 'well-formed'.
G1011
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: boo-LEH-oo-tays
Translations: counselor, a counselor, councilor, a councilor, senator, a senator, member of the council, a member of the council
Notes: This word refers to a member of a council or senate, a counselor, or a senator. It is used to describe someone who holds a position of authority and gives advice or makes decisions in a governing body.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΔΡΟΣ, ΓΕΡΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΗΣ (bouleutēs) is derived from the Greek word βουλεύω (bouleuō), meaning 'to take counsel, to deliberate', which in turn comes from βουλή (boulē), meaning 'counsel, plan, will, council'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOS
Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very
Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.
Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.
G4327
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pros-DEKH-oh-meh-nos
Translations: waiting for, expecting, looking for, receiving, welcoming
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'πρός' (towards, to) and 'δέχομαι' (to receive, to accept). As a participle, it describes someone who is actively waiting for, expecting, or receiving something or someone. It implies a sense of anticipation or readiness to welcome.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ, ΑΝΑΜΕΝΩ
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LAY-ahn
Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, reign, kingship, royal power, dominion
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, a realm ruled by a king, or the act of reigning and exercising royal power. It can describe a physical territory or the abstract concept of royal authority and dominion. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ
G5111
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: tol-MAY-sas
Translations: daring, having dared, having been bold, having ventured, having presumed, having been courageous
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τολμάω', meaning 'to dare' or 'to be bold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state of having dared. It can be used to describe someone who has taken a risk, acted courageously, or presumed to do something.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΗΡΟΣ
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eis-EEL-then
Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.
G0154
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ee-TAY-sah-toh
Translations: he asked, he requested, he begged
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to beg.' It is used when someone makes a petition or seeks something from another person. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past by a single individual.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ
G4983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SOH-mah
Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave
Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ
Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.
G2424
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ee-ay-SOO
Translations: of Jesus, to Jesus, of Joshua, to Joshua
Notes: This is a proper name, referring to either Jesus Christ or Joshua, the successor of Moses. It is used to identify a specific individual.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Genitive or Dative
G2296
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-THOW-mah-zen
Translations: he was amazed, he was wondering, he was marveling, he was admiring
Notes: This word describes the act of being amazed, wondering, or marveling at something or someone. It implies a sense of wonder, astonishment, or admiration. It is used to express a strong emotional reaction to something extraordinary or unexpected. For example, one might say 'he was amazed at the miracle' or 'he wondered about the strange event'.
Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ
G2348
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: teth-NEE-ken
Translations: he has died, he is dead, he died
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to die'. It indicates an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present, meaning 'he has died' or 'he is dead'. It is used to describe the state of someone who has passed away.
Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΙΣΚΩ, ΚΟΙΜΑΩ
G4341
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: pros-kal-eh-SAH-meh-nos
Translations: having called to oneself, having summoned, having invited, having called, having sent for
Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that they 'called to themselves' or 'summoned' someone. It implies an initiative taken by the subject to bring someone closer, often for a specific purpose like giving instructions or having a discussion.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΟΜΑΙ
G2760
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ken-too-ree-OH-nah
Translations: centurion, a centurion
Notes: This word refers to a centurion, a Roman military officer who commanded a century (typically 80-100 men). It is used to denote the direct object of a verb, indicating someone or something that receives the action.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΗΣ
Etymology: The word ΚΕΝΤΥΡΙΩΝ (kentyriōn) is a transliteration of the Latin word 'centurio', which is derived from 'centum' meaning 'hundred'.
G3819
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: pa-LAI
Translations: long ago, of old, formerly, anciently
Notes: This word is an adverb of time, meaning 'long ago' or 'of old'. It is used to refer to events or states that occurred in the distant past. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, indicating that the action or quality described happened or existed a considerable time before the present.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ
Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to spread, flat'. In Greek, it developed to refer to something that is 'old' or 'ancient', leading to its use as an adverb for 'long ago'.
G0599
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-peh-THA-nen
Translations: he died, she died, it died
Notes: This word means 'he died', 'she died', or 'it died'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'to die'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, "to die"). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb, emphasizing the finality of death.
G1097
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: GNOOS
Translations: knowing, having known, understanding, perceiving, recognizing
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'knowing' in a completed sense. It describes someone who has gained knowledge or understanding. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who knows' or 'the one who has known'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active
Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΣ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ
G2760
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ken-too-ree-OH-nos
Translations: (of) a centurion
Notes: A centurion was a professional officer in the Roman army who commanded a 'century' of 80 to 100 men. They were typically veteran soldiers, responsible for training, discipline, and leading their troops in battle. The word is a Latin loanword into Koine Greek.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
G1431
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-DOH-ray-sah-toh
Translations: he gave, he granted, he bestowed, he presented
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to give a gift, to grant, or to bestow'. It is used to describe the act of someone providing something to another person, often as a present or a favor. It implies a voluntary act of giving, rather than an obligation.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G4439
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PTOH-mah
Translations: fall, a fall, corpse, a corpse, dead body, a dead body, ruin, a ruin
Notes: This noun refers to a 'fall' in a literal sense, such as falling down, or in a metaphorical sense, like a moral or spiritual downfall. It can also refer to something that has fallen, specifically a 'corpse' or 'dead body'. In some contexts, it can signify 'ruin' or 'destruction'. It is used to describe both physical and abstract concepts of falling or collapse.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΝΕΚΡΟΣ, ΠΤΩΣΙΣ, ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ
Etymology: From the Koine Greek verb πίπτω (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes the result or state of falling.
G0059
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-go-RAH-sas
Translations: having bought, having purchased, buying, purchasing
Notes: This is a participle derived from the verb 'to buy' or 'to purchase'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, often translated as 'having bought' or 'after buying'. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of another action.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular
Etymology: From ἀγορά (agora), meaning 'marketplace' or 'assembly'. The verb literally means 'to do business in the agora' or 'to go to market', hence 'to buy' or 'to purchase'.
G4616
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SIN-doh-nah
Translations: linen cloth, a linen cloth, sheet, a sheet, shroud, a shroud
Notes: This word refers to a piece of fine linen cloth, often used for clothing, wrapping, or burial shrouds. It is a common term for a garment or covering made of linen. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in contexts related to clothing or coverings.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΘΟΝΗ, ΛΙΝΟΝ
G2507
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ka-theh-LOHN
Translations: taking down, pulling down, throwing down, casting down, destroying, abolishing, deposing
Notes: ΚΑΘΕΛΩΝ is the masculine singular aorist active participle of the verb ΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down) and the verb ΑΙΡΩ (to take, lift). It generally means 'taking down' or 'pulling down' and can refer to physical objects, structures, or even abstract concepts like power or authority. It implies an action of bringing something from a higher position to a lower one, or completely dismantling it.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ
G1792
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-nay-EE-lee-sen
Translations: wrapped, wound, enfolded
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to wrap, wind, or enfold something, often used in the context of wrapping a body. It describes the action of covering or enclosing something tightly with material.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΤΥΛΙΣΣΩ, ΠΕΡΙΕΝΕΙΛΕΩ
G4616
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: SIN-doh-nee
Translations: to a linen cloth, to a shroud, to a winding sheet
Notes: This word refers to a piece of fine linen cloth, often used for clothing or as a burial shroud. It is typically used to describe a wrapping or covering made of linen.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΘΟΝΗ
G2697
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-THEE-ken
Translations: he laid down, he put down, he deposited, he stored, he placed, he laid up
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb κατατίθημι (katatithēmi), meaning 'to lay down,' 'to put down,' 'to deposit,' or 'to store.' It describes an action completed in the past, often with the sense of placing something in a specific location or setting it aside for safekeeping. It can be used for physical objects, but also metaphorically for things like laying down one's life or depositing something of value.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΘΕΩ
Etymology: The word κατατίθημι (katatithēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put,' 'to place,' or 'to set.'
G3418
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: MNEE-mah-tee
Translations: to a tomb, to a monument, to a sepulchre, to a grave
Notes: This word refers to a tomb, monument, or grave. It is used to denote a place of burial or a memorial structure. In this inflected form, it indicates the dative case, meaning 'to' or 'for' a tomb, or 'in' a tomb when referring to location.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ
G2991
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: leh-lah-TOH-mee-meh-non
Translations: hewn out, cut out, quarried
Notes: This word describes something that has been cut or carved out, typically from rock or stone. It is often used to refer to tombs or caves that have been excavated or quarried from a larger rock formation. It is a compound word, combining 'λίθος' (stone) and 'τέμνω' (to cut).
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΤΕΜΝΩ
Etymology: The verb ΛΑΤΟΜΕΩ (latomeō) is derived from the Greek words λίθος (lithos), meaning 'stone', and τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. It literally means 'to cut stone' or 'to quarry'.
G4073
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PEH-tras
Translations: of rock, of a rock, of stone, of a stone
Notes: This word refers to a large mass of stone, a rock, or a cliff. It is often used to describe a solid foundation or a place of refuge. In the genitive case, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a rock' or 'from a rock'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΛΙΘΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
G4320
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pros-eh-KYOO-lee-sen
Translations: rolled to, rolled against, rolled up
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to roll to' or 'to roll against'. It is often used to describe the action of moving a heavy object, such as a stone, by rolling it into place or against something. The prefix 'προς-' indicates movement towards or against something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΚΥΛΙΩ, ΑΠΟΚΥΛΙΩ
G3037
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thon
Translations: stone, a stone
Notes: This word refers to a stone or rock. It is a common noun used to describe a piece of rock or mineral, often used in construction, as a boundary marker, or as a weapon. It can also be used metaphorically.
Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑ, ΒΡΑΧΟΣ
G2374
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: THOO-ran
Translations: door, a door, gate, a gate
Notes: This word refers to a door or a gate, the movable barrier that closes an entrance. It is commonly used in sentences to indicate the object that is opened or closed to enter or exit a place.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'door' in many other Indo-European languages.
G3419
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: mnay-MEH-oo
Translations: of a tomb, of a monument, of a memorial, of a sepulchre
Notes: This word refers to a place of remembrance, such as a tomb, monument, or memorial. It is often used to denote a burial place or a structure erected to commemorate a person or event. It can be used in sentences like 'They went to the monument' or 'The inscription on the tomb was ancient.'
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟΣ, ΜΝΗΜΑ, ΤΥΜΒΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΜΝΗΜΕΙΟΝ (mnēmeion) comes from μνῆμα (mnēma), meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance', which itself is derived from μιμνήσκω (mimnēskō), meaning 'to remind' or 'to remember'.
G2334
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-theh-OH-roon
Translations: I was observing, I was looking at, I was beholding, they were observing, they were looking at, they were beholding
Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'θεωρέω' (theōreō). It describes an action of observing, looking at, or beholding that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It can be translated as 'I was observing' (first person singular) or 'they were observing' (third person plural), depending on the context. It implies a sustained or continuous gaze, often with a sense of contemplation or careful consideration.
Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΣΚΟΠΕΩ
G4226
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction
Sounds like: POO
Translations: where, whither, wherever
Notes: This word functions as an adverb or conjunction indicating place. It can be used to ask 'where?' or to state 'where' something is located or moving towards. It often introduces a relative clause, specifying the location of an action or state.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΟΥ, ΠΟΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words indicating location or direction.
G5087
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: te-THEH-tai
Translations: it has been placed, it has been laid, it has been set, it has been appointed
Notes: This is a form of the verb 'tithemi', meaning 'to place, put, or set'. 'Tethetai' specifically indicates that something 'has been placed' or 'has been laid' by someone or something else, emphasizing the completed state of the action. It is often used to describe the establishment or appointment of something.
Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΚΕΙΤΑΙ, ΙΣΤΑΤΑΙ
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