2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0683

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-OH-sah-toh

Translations: he pushed away, he rejected, he cast off, he thrust away, he repudiated

Notes: This word describes the action of pushing something or someone away, rejecting, or casting off. It implies a forceful or decisive act of removal or dismissal. It is often used in contexts where someone is being rejected or repudiated.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ἈΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ἈΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὠθέω (ōtheō), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GEH-noi-toh

Translations: let it be, may it be, so be it, amen

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to become' or 'to happen'. In this specific form, it is in the optative mood, which expresses a wish, a prayer, or a strong desire. It is often translated as 'let it be' or 'may it happen', similar to the English 'amen' when used to affirm a statement or prayer.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Optative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΙΗ, ΓΕΝΗΘΗΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-MEE

Translations: I am, to be, exist, happen

Notes: This is the Koine Greek verb 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to happen'. It is a fundamental and highly irregular verb, often used as a copula (a linking verb) to connect the subject of a sentence to a predicate noun or adjective, indicating identity or a state of being. It can also indicate existence or occurrence. For example, 'Ἐγὼ εἰμι' translates to 'I am'.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: This verb is one of the oldest and most fundamental verbs in the Greek language, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G0011

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-brah-AHM

Translations: Abraham, (to) Abraham, (of) Abraham

Notes: This is the proper name Abraham, a pivotal figure in the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam). He is considered the patriarch through whom God established a covenant, promising him numerous descendants and a land. The name means 'father of a multitude'. It is used in sentences to refer directly to the person Abraham.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Etymology: The name Ἀβραάμ (Abraham) is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name אַבְרָהָם ('Avraham), which means 'father of a multitude' or 'father of many nations'. It was originally Abram, meaning 'exalted father', before God changed it.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1124

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GRA-fay

Translations: writing, a writing, scripture, a scripture, document, a document

Notes: This word refers to something written, such as a document, a letter, or a record. In a religious context, especially within the New Testament, it frequently refers to the sacred writings or the Holy Scriptures. It can be used to denote the act of writing or the result of that act.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb γράφω (graphō), meaning 'to write', which comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to scratch, carve'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-TYNG-kha-nei

Translations: intercedes, pleads, meets with, entreats, makes petition

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and the verb 'τυγχάνω' (to happen, to meet). It generally means to meet with someone, especially for the purpose of making a request or petition on behalf of another. It can also mean to intercede or plead for someone. It is often used in contexts of prayer or advocacy.

Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ἘΝ (en, 'in') and the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (tynchanō, 'to happen, to meet'). The combination implies 'to fall in with' or 'to meet with' someone, often with the purpose of making a request.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2704

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-KAP-san

Translations: they demolished, they tore down, they overthrew, they destroyed

Notes: This is a verb meaning to demolish, tear down, overthrow, or destroy. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σκάπτω (skaptō), meaning 'to dig'. Thus, it literally means 'to dig down' or 'to dig up and destroy'. It is used to describe the complete destruction of structures, cities, or altars.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΚΑΠΤΩ (kataskaptō) is derived from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σκάπτω (skaptō), meaning 'to dig'. It conveys the sense of digging something down or out, leading to its destruction.

G5277

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-LEI-fthayn

Translations: I was left behind, I remained, I survived

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ὑπολείπω' (hypoleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to remain'. In this specific form, it indicates that the subject 'was left behind' or 'remained' after others had gone or after an event. It is a compound word formed from 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'behind', and 'λείπω' (leipō), meaning 'to leave'.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΠΕΡΙΛΕΙΠΩ

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MOH-nos

Translations: only, alone, single, a single one

Notes: This word describes something as being unique, solitary, or singular. It emphasizes exclusivity, meaning 'one and no other'. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that stands by itself or is the sole instance of something. For example, it can refer to someone being 'alone' or 'the only one' of a kind.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular. This word inflects for gender, number, and case (e.g., feminine ΜΟΝΗ, neuter ΜΟΝΟΝ, plural ΜΟΝΟΙ).

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (to remain, stay). It is related to the idea of being fixed or standing alone.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G5538

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khree-mah-tis-MOS

Translations: divine communication, divine warning, oracle, revelation, a divine response, a business transaction, a public transaction

Notes: This word refers to a divine communication, warning, or oracle, often implying a response from God or a supernatural source. It can also refer to a public or business transaction, particularly in secular contexts, such as a decree or official pronouncement. In religious contexts, it signifies a direct message or revelation from the divine. It is derived from the verb 'χρηματίζω' (chrēmatizō), meaning 'to do business, to transact, to give a divine response'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΙΑ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LEE-pon

Translations: I left behind, I abandoned, I forsook, I deserted, I bequeathed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λείπω (leipō, meaning 'to leave'). It generally means to leave something or someone behind, to abandon, or to forsake. It can also be used in the sense of bequeathing or leaving an inheritance. It is often used to describe leaving a place, a person, or a custom.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ, ΑΠΟΛΕΙΠΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0896

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bah-AHL

Translations: Baal, a Baal

Notes: Baal refers to a prominent Canaanite and Phoenician deity, often associated with fertility, storms, and kingship. In the Old Testament, the worship of Baal is frequently depicted as a major rival to the worship of Yahweh, the God of Israel. The term can also be used more generally to refer to a false god or idol.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΙΔΩΛΟΝ, ΨΕΥΔΟΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From Hebrew בַּעַל (baʿal), meaning 'owner,' 'lord,' or 'master.' It was a common Semitic title for a deity.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROH

Translations: to time, to season, to opportunity, to a proper time, to a fixed time, to a due season, to a critical time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, often implying a critical or decisive moment. It is distinct from 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to chronological or sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, focusing on the right or fitting moment for something to happen. It is used in contexts where a particular event or action is expected or appropriate.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΩΡΑ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GOH-nen

Translations: has become, has happened, has come to pass, was, came into being

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΕΝ is the third person singular perfect active indicative form of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can mean 'has become,' 'has happened,' or 'has come into being,' often implying a state of existence or a new reality that has resulted from a past event.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to beget, to produce, to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and coming into existence.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ook-EH-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from the negative particle 'οὐκ' (not) and the adverb 'ἔτι' (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It can also mean 'not yet' in certain contexts, indicating that something has not happened up to the present time. It is used to express that something that was true or happening is no longer the case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ, ΟΥ̓Κ, ἜΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΚΕΤΙ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓Κ (not) and the adverb ἜΤΙ (yet, still).

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rees

Translations: grace, a grace, favor, a favor, kindness, a kindness, thanks, gratitude, charm, a charm, delight, a delight

Notes: This word is a feminine noun that generally refers to grace, favor, or kindness. It can also mean thanks or gratitude, especially in expressions like 'to give thanks'. In some contexts, it can refer to charm or delight. It is often used to describe divine favor or unmerited divine assistance given to humans.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ, ΕΛΕΟΣ, ΔΩΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- ('to desire, to like'). In ancient Greek, it developed to mean 'that which delights' or 'favor'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G1934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-zay-TEH-ee

Translations: he seeks, he searches for, he desires, he demands, he requires

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ΖΗΤΕΩ (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to search.' Therefore, ἘΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ means to seek or search for something with intensity, to desire something strongly, or to demand/require something. It implies a focused or persistent search.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑἸΤΕΩ, ἘΚΖΗΤΕΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1589

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-loh-GAY

Translations: choice, selection, election, a choice, a selection, an election

Notes: This word refers to the act of choosing or selecting, or the state of being chosen or selected. It can denote a divine selection or a special group of people who have been chosen. It is often used in a theological context to refer to God's act of choosing individuals or a people for a specific purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ, ΕΠΙΛΟΓΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΛΟΓΗ (eklogē) comes from the Greek verb ἐκλέγω (eklegō), meaning 'to pick out, choose, select'. It is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to gather, pick, say'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-poy

Translations: the rest, the remaining, the others, the leftover

Notes: This word refers to what is left over or remaining from a group or quantity. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate the 'remaining' ones, or as a substantive noun, meaning 'the rest' or 'the others'. It is often used to distinguish a particular group from the remainder.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΙ, ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: From the verb λείπω (leípō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to remain'.

G4456

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-oh-ROH-thay-san

Translations: they were hardened, they became hardened, they were made dull, they became dull, they were made calloused, they became calloused

Notes: This word describes the act of becoming hardened, dull, or calloused, often in a metaphorical sense referring to the mind or heart. It implies a loss of sensitivity or understanding, making one unresponsive to truth or spiritual insight. In this form, it indicates that a group of people underwent this process.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΥΝΩ, ΤΥΦΛΟΩ

G2509

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: ka-THA-per

Translations: just as, even as, as, according as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb and conjunction meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done in the same way or to the same extent as something else. It functions similarly to 'like' or 'as' in English, setting up a parallel between two actions or states.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΟ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and the particle ΠΕΡ (per), which emphasizes the preceding word. It literally means 'down just as' or 'exactly according to'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: spirit, a spirit, wind, a wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word refers to 'spirit,' 'wind,' or 'breath.' In a physical sense, it can mean a gust of wind or the act of breathing. Theologically, it often refers to the Holy Spirit, a spiritual being, or the human spirit. It is a neuter noun and its meaning can vary depending on the context, from a literal breeze to a divine essence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: The word ΠΝΕΥΜΑ derives from the verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe,' 'to blow,' or 'to gasp.' It refers to something that is breathed or blown.

G2661

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-NYX-eh-ohs

Translations: of stupor, of deep sleep, of insensibility, of compunction, of remorse

Notes: This word refers to a state of spiritual stupor, insensibility, or deep sleep, often implying a lack of spiritual perception or responsiveness. In some contexts, it can also carry the meaning of a piercing grief, compunction, or remorse, a sharp pain of conscience. It is a compound word derived from 'κατά' (down) and 'νύσσω' (to prick or pierce).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΝΟΣ, ΝΑΡΚΗ, ΑΝΑΙΣΘΗΣΙΑ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-nay-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be, let it come to pass, let it happen, let it become

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be.' It is used here in the imperative mood, expressing a command or a wish for something to occur or come into existence. It often implies a process of change or development.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words signifying birth, origin, and becoming.

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: trah-PEH-zah

Translations: table, a table, bank, a bank, money changer's table, a money changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often used for eating, but also for conducting business, such as exchanging money. In the context of a temple, it could refer to a table used for offerings or sacred purposes. It can also refer to a bank or a money changer's stall, as these activities were conducted on tables.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek τράπεζα (trápeza, “table”), a compound of τετράς (tetrás, “four”) and πέζα (péza, “foot, edge”). It originally referred to a table with four feet.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G4625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKAN-da-lon

Translations: stumbling block, an offense, a snare, trap, cause of ruin

Notes: This word refers to an obstacle or impediment that causes someone to stumble or fall, either literally or figuratively. It can also mean a snare or trap. In a moral or spiritual sense, it denotes anything that causes someone to sin, fall away from faith, or be led astray.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΜΜΑ

Etymology: The word is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to limp' or 'to stumble'. It originally referred to the movable stick or trigger of a trap, which, when touched, caused the trap to spring shut.

G0467

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-tah-POH-doh-mah

Translations: recompense, a recompense, repayment, a repayment, retribution, a retribution, reward, a reward

Notes: This word refers to a return or requital for actions, whether good or bad. It signifies something given back in response to what has been done, often implying a just or deserved outcome. It can be used to describe a reward for good deeds or a punishment/retribution for bad ones.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΑΠΟΔΟΣΙΑ, ἈΝΤΙΜΙΣΘΙΑ

Etymology: This is a compound word formed from three Greek elements: ἀντί (anti, 'in return for'), ἀπό (apo, 'from'), and δίδωμι (didomi, 'to give'). It literally means 'a giving back in return'.

G4654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skoh-TIS-thay-toh-san

Translations: let them be darkened, let them be made dark, let them be blinded

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be darkened' or 'to be made dark'. It is often used metaphorically to describe a spiritual or intellectual blinding, or a loss of understanding. It can also refer to physical darkness or dimness. In a sentence, it would typically be used as an imperative, commanding a group of people or things to become dark or be blinded.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΥΡΟΩ, ΤΥΦΛΟΩ

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-ton

Translations: back, a back

Notes: This word refers to the back of a body, whether human or animal. It can be used literally to describe the physical back, or metaphorically to indicate turning away from something, as in 'turning one's back' on a command or person, implying disobedience or rejection.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΡΑΧΙΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *sneh₁- meaning 'to spin, to twist', possibly referring to the spine.

G4781

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-KAMP-son

Translations: bend, bow down, make to stoop

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to bend together, to bow down, or to make someone stoop. It is often used in a figurative sense to describe a state of oppression, humiliation, or spiritual blindness, where someone is made to bend under a burden or judgment. It is formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΚΑΜΠΤΩ (KAMPTŌ), meaning 'to bend'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΚΥΠΤΩ, ΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΓΚΑΜΠΤΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with, together', and the verb ΚΑΜΠΤΩ (KAMPTŌ), meaning 'to bend, curve'. ΚΑΜΠΤΩ itself derives from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to bend, turn'.

G4417

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-TAI-san

Translations: they stumbled, they fell, they failed, they sinned

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πταίω' (ptaiō), meaning 'to stumble' or 'to fall'. It is used to describe an action that occurred in the past, indicating that a group of people stumbled, fell, failed, or sinned. It can refer to a physical fall or a moral failure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΟΛΙΣΘΑΝΩ, ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ

Etymology: The root word 'πταίω' (ptaiō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4991

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soh-tee-REE-ah

Translations: salvation, a salvation, deliverance, preservation, safety

Notes: This word refers to the act of saving or being saved from danger, destruction, or sin. In a theological context, it often refers to spiritual deliverance from sin and its consequences, leading to eternal life. It can also refer to physical rescue or preservation from harm.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΛΥΤΡΩΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΣΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb σώζω (sōzō, "to save, deliver, preserve"), related to σωτήρ (sōtēr, "savior").

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-zay-LOH-sai

Translations: to provoke to jealousy, to make jealous, to stir to jealousy

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'alongside' or 'beyond', and 'ζηλόω' (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous' or 'to envy'. Together, it means to provoke someone to jealousy or to stir up their zeal, often in a negative sense of rivalry or envy. It describes the act of causing another person to feel jealousy or intense rivalry.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΕΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΟΞΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΖΗΛΟΩ is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside, by, along', and the verb ζηλόω (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous, to envy'. The combination suggests an action that goes beyond mere zeal, leading to provocation or intense rivalry.

G3900

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-rap-TOH-ma

Translations: transgression, trespass, sin, fault, offense, a transgression, a trespass, a sin, a fault, an offense

Notes: This word refers to a false step, a deviation from the right path, or a lapse in conduct. It signifies a transgression or an offense against a moral or divine law. It is a compound word, formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and 'πτῶμα' (ptoma), meaning 'a fall' or 'a lapse.' Thus, it literally means 'a falling beside' or 'a false step.' It is often used in a moral or ethical sense to denote a sin or a trespass.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παράπτωμα (paráptōma), a compound of παρά (pará, “beside, alongside”) and πτῶμα (ptôma, “a fall, a lapse”).

G4149

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLOO-tos

Translations: wealth, riches, abundance, a wealth, a richness, an abundance

Notes: This word refers to material wealth, riches, or abundance. It is often used in a general sense to describe possessions or prosperity. It can be used in sentences like 'He had great wealth' or 'The abundance of the harvest was evident'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΕΥΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: From πλέω (pleō, "to sail"), referring to the wealth gained through sea trade, or from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- ("to fill").

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-moo

Translations: (of) world, (of) universe, (of) adornment, (of) order, (of) a world, (of) an adornment

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' (kosmos). It refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean an adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In a sentence, it often indicates possession or origin, such as 'of the world' or 'belonging to the world'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗΣ, ΑΙΩΝΟΣ, ΚΟΣΜΗΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΚΟΣΜΟΣ' comes from the Greek verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to put in order'. From this, it developed the sense of an orderly arrangement, then an adornment, and finally the ordered universe or world.

G2275

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HEET-tay-mah

Translations: defeat, a defeat, loss, a loss, failure, a failure

Notes: This word refers to a defeat, loss, or failure. It can be used in various contexts, such as a military defeat, a loss in a competition, or a moral or spiritual failing. It signifies the state of being overcome or diminished.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΤΤΑ, ΑΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἥττημα (hēttēma) is derived from the verb ἥτταομαι (hēttaomai), meaning 'to be inferior, to be defeated', which itself comes from ἥττων (hēttōn), meaning 'inferior, weaker'.

G4214

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PO-soh

Translations: how much, how great, how large, how far, how long

Notes: This word functions as an interrogative or relative adverb, meaning 'how much' or 'how great'. It can also be an adjective, meaning 'of what size' or 'how much/many'. It is used to inquire about quantity, degree, or extent, or to express a relative degree. For example, it can be used in questions like 'How much is it?' or in statements like 'You know how great he is.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial

Synonyms: ΠΟΣΟΝ, ΟΣΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΟΣΟΣ (posos) is derived from the interrogative stem *po- (as in πότε, 'when') and the suffix -σος, which indicates quantity or measure.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G4138

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: play-ROH-mah

Translations: fullness, a fullness, completion, what fills, contents, a full measure, a complement, fulfillment

Notes: This word refers to that which fills or completes something. It can denote the contents of a vessel, the full measure or amount of something, or the completion or fulfillment of a period of time, a prophecy, or a purpose. It is often used to describe the abundance or totality of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΩΣΙΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the verb ΠΛΗΡΟΩ (PLEROO), meaning 'to fill' or 'to complete', which itself comes from ΠΛΗΡΗΣ (PLERES), meaning 'full'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-STOH-los

Translations: apostle, a messenger, an envoy, a delegate

Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out with a specific mission or message, acting as a representative or delegate. In a Christian context, it often refers to one of the twelve disciples of Jesus, or other early Christian leaders who were commissioned to spread the gospel. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to send'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΕΥΤΗΣ, ΚΗΡΥΞ

Etymology: The word ἀπόστολος (apostolos) is derived from the verb ἀποστέλλω (apostellō), meaning 'to send away' or 'to dispatch'. It originally referred to a naval expedition or a fleet, and later to a person sent on a mission, an envoy, or a messenger.

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dox-AH-zoh

Translations: to glorify, to praise, to honor, to magnify, to esteem, to exalt

Notes: This verb means to glorify, praise, or honor someone or something. It is often used in a religious context to express worship or reverence towards God, but it can also be used more generally to mean to hold in high esteem or to magnify. It describes the act of attributing honor and worth to someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular. This verb inflects for tense, voice, mood, person, and number.

Synonyms: ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΥΨΟΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ

Etymology: From δόξα (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion'. The verb means 'to render or ascribe glory to'.

G3863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-zay-LOH-soh

Translations: I will provoke to jealousy, I will make jealous, I will stir to envy

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ζηλόω (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous' or 'to envy'. In its future tense form, as seen here, it means 'I will provoke to jealousy' or 'I will make someone envious'. It describes the action of causing another person to feel jealousy or envy, often by demonstrating one's own success or favor.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΖΗΛΟΩ, ΖΗΛΟΩ, ΕΠΙΖΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The verb παραζηλόω (parazēloō) is formed from the prefix παρά (para), meaning 'beside, alongside', and the verb ζηλόω (zēloō), meaning 'to be zealous, to envy'. The combination suggests an intensified or directed form of zeal or envy.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: SOH-soh

Translations: I will save, I will heal, I will preserve, I will deliver

Notes: This word is a verb meaning "to save," "to heal," "to preserve," or "to deliver." It is used to describe the act of bringing someone or something to safety, health, or a state of well-being. It can refer to physical salvation from danger, spiritual salvation from sin, or healing from illness. In a sentence, it would typically be used to express an action performed by a subject upon an object, indicating a future act of salvation or preservation.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G0605

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-bo-LEE

Translations: loss, a loss, rejection, a rejection, casting away, a casting away

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb βάλλω (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It refers to the act of throwing away or casting off, resulting in a loss or rejection. It is used to describe the deprivation of something, often implying a negative outcome or a state of being cast aside.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΩΛΕΙΑ, ΖΗΜΙΑ

G2643

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tal-la-GAY

Translations: reconciliation, a reconciliation, restoration, a restoration, atonement, a change

Notes: This word refers to the act or state of reconciliation, restoration to favor, or a change from enmity to friendship. It implies a process of bringing two parties back into harmony after a period of estrangement or conflict. In a theological context, it often refers to the reconciliation between God and humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΛΛΑΓΗ, ΕΙΡΗΝΗ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb καταλλάσσω (katallassō), meaning 'to reconcile,' which is formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἀλλάσσω (allassō, 'to change'). The root idea is to change thoroughly, especially to change from enmity to friendship.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4356

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-LEEMP-sis

Translations: reception, a reception, taking, a taking, assumption, an assumption

Notes: This word is a compound noun formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'receive'). It refers to the act of taking to oneself, receiving, or assuming something. It can be used in contexts of taking someone into fellowship, receiving something, or assuming a role or nature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΔΟΧΗ, ΑΝΑΛΗΨΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition πρός (pros, 'to, towards') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, 'to take, receive'). It describes the action of taking something to oneself or receiving it.

G2222

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DZOH-ay

Translations: life, a life

Notes: This word refers to life in its broadest sense, encompassing both physical and spiritual existence. It can denote the principle of life, the period of life, or the way of life. It is often used to describe the state of being alive, as well as the quality of that existence, particularly in a spiritual or eternal context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ, ΨΥΧΗ

Etymology: From the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'. It is related to the concept of vital breath and existence.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

G0536

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-PAR-khee

Translations: firstfruits, a firstfruit, first portion, first offering

Notes: This word refers to the first portion of a harvest or offering, which was typically dedicated to God or a deity as a sign of gratitude and consecration. It signifies the initial part of something, often implying a dedication or a promise of more to come. It can be used in both a literal sense for agricultural produce and metaphorically for the first of a group or a spiritual offering.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΩΤΟΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΠΡΩΤΟΤΟΚΙΑ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from') and ἀρχή (archē, 'beginning'). It literally means 'from the beginning' or 'first beginning', referring to the initial part of something.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-GEE-ah

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy one, a holy thing

Notes: This word means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe people, places, or things that are set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. It can also refer to a holy person or thing as a noun. It is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'ΑΓΙΟΣ' (hagios).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΙΑ' comes from the root 'ΑΓΙΟΣ', which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which is set apart or consecrated.

G4491

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RI-zah

Translations: root, a root, source, origin, descendant

Notes: This word refers to the part of a plant that grows underground and absorbs nutrients, or metaphorically, the source or origin of something. It can also refer to a descendant or offspring, as a 'root' from which a family line grows. It is used in various contexts to denote the foundation or beginning of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΗΓΗ, ΑΡΧΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΡΙΖΑ' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'root'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-ree-E-lah-yos

Translations: wild olive tree, a wild olive tree

Notes: This word refers to a wild olive tree. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀγριος' (agrios), meaning 'wild' or 'of the field', and 'ἐλαία' (elaia), meaning 'olive tree' or 'olive'. It is used to distinguish it from a cultivated or domesticated olive tree.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ἀγριος (agrios), meaning 'wild' or 'of the field', and ἐλαία (elaia), meaning 'olive tree' or 'olive'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-ken-TRI-sthes

Translations: you were grafted in, you were engrafted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be grafted in' or 'to be engrafted'. It is used to describe the process of inserting a shoot or branch from one plant into another, so that it grows as part of the second plant. In a metaphorical sense, it can refer to being incorporated or joined into a group or system.

Inflection: 2nd Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Etymology: From the prefix ΕΝ (en, meaning 'in' or 'into') and the verb ΚΕΝΤΡΙΖΩ (kentrizō, meaning 'to prick, goad, spur'). The combination forms the idea of pricking or inserting into, leading to the meaning 'to graft in'.

G4791

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-koy-no-NOS

Translations: fellow partaker, a fellow partaker, partner, a partner, companion, a companion, associate, an associate

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'κοινωνός' (koinonos), meaning 'partner' or 'sharer'. Therefore, it refers to someone who shares or participates together with another in something. It describes a joint participant or an associate in an activity, experience, or possession. It can be used to describe someone who shares in suffering, blessings, or a common purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΟΣ

G2620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-KAH-khoo-khoh

Translations: boast against, boast over, glory over, exult over

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'καυχάομαι' (kauchaomai), meaning 'to boast' or 'to glory'. Therefore, 'κατακαυχάομαι' means to boast against someone or something, to glory over them, or to exult over them, often implying a sense of superiority or triumph. It is typically used with the genitive case.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2620

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-KAF-khah-sai

Translations: boast against, glory over, triumph over

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to boast against, glory over, or triumph over someone or something. It implies a sense of superiority or pride directed at another. It is often used in a negative sense, indicating an inappropriate or arrogant boasting.

Inflection: 2nd Person Singular, Present Tense, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΚΑΥΧΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (KATA), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΚΑΥΧΑΟΜΑΙ (KAUCHAOMAI), meaning 'to boast' or 'to glory'. The prefix intensifies the action of boasting, often implying boasting against someone or something.

G2046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-REIS

Translations: you will say, you shall say, you will speak, you shall speak

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak' in the future tense. It is used when referring to an action of speaking that will happen in the future, often in a declarative or prophetic context. For example, 'you will say to them' or 'you shall speak the word'.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΣ, ΦΗΣΕΙΣ

Etymology: The verb ἔρομαι (eromai) 'to ask' and ἐρῶ (erō) 'to say' are related to the Proto-Indo-European root *werh₁- 'to say, speak'.

G0570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pis-TEE-ah

Translations: unbelief, faithlessness, distrust, an unbelief

Notes: This word refers to a state of lacking faith, trust, or conviction. It can describe a general absence of belief, a specific act of distrust, or a condition of being unconvinced. It is often used in contrast to 'faith' or 'belief'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ, ΔΥΣΠΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound noun formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'πίστις' (pistis, meaning 'faith' or 'trust'). Thus, it literally means 'not faith' or 'without faith'.

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tei

Translations: (by) faith, (in) faith, (with) faith, (to) faith, (by) trust, (in) trust, (with) trust, (to) trust, (by) belief, (in) belief, (with) belief, (to) belief

Notes: This word is a noun meaning 'faith,' 'trust,' or 'belief.' It refers to a firm conviction or reliance on something or someone. In Koine Greek, it is often used to describe spiritual faith, particularly in God or Christ. As a dative case, it indicates the means, instrument, or recipient of an action, often translated with prepositions like 'by,' 'in,' 'with,' or 'to.'

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ, ΕΛΠΙΣ

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: yp-see-LAH

Translations: high, lofty, exalted, proud, haughty, on high, highly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'high' or 'lofty,' referring to physical height, elevated status, or even a proud and arrogant disposition. As an adjective, it can describe things that are physically high, like mountains or walls, or abstract concepts like high thoughts or exalted positions. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'highly' or 'on high,' indicating a high position or an elevated manner of speaking or acting. In the provided examples, it is used both adjectivally (referring to high places or high walls) and adverbially (speaking proudly or haughtily).

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Adverbial (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΑΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΗΛΟΣ (hypsēlos) comes from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is related to the concept of being elevated or high.

G5426

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: froh-NEH-ee

Translations: to think, to have understanding, to be minded, to set one's mind on, to be of a certain mind, to be disposed

Notes: This word means to think, to have understanding, or to be minded in a particular way. It describes the act of setting one's mind on something, having a certain disposition, or holding a particular opinion. It can be used to express one's inner thoughts, attitudes, or intentions.

Inflection: Third person singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΕΟΜΑΙ, ΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-sin

Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

G5339

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FEI-sah-toh

Translations: he spared, he had pity on, he refrained from, he withheld

Notes: The word ἘΦΕΙΣΑΤΟ is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb φείδομαι. It means 'to spare,' 'to have pity on,' or 'to refrain from.' It is often used to describe an action where someone shows mercy or holds back from harming or punishing another, or refrains from doing something. For example, 'he spared the people' or 'he did not refrain from.'

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΩ, ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G5544

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khray-STOH-tay-tah

Translations: goodness, kindness, uprightness, a goodness, a kindness, an uprightness

Notes: This word refers to moral goodness, kindness, or uprightness. It describes a quality of character that is beneficial and benevolent, often implying a gentle and agreeable disposition. It can be used to describe actions or a general state of being.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: This word is derived from the adjective ΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ (chrēstos), meaning 'useful, good, kind'. It is related to the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'.

G0663

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-to-MEE-ahn

Translations: severity, a severity, harshness, a harshness, rigor, a rigor

Notes: This word refers to a quality of being severe, harsh, or rigorous. It describes a strictness or sternness, often in judgment or action. It can be used to describe the character of a person or the nature of a situation.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΣΤΗΡΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀποτέμνω (apotemnō), meaning 'to cut off' or 'to cut away'. The noun form thus implies a cutting off or abruptness, leading to the sense of severity or harshness.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G663

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-po-to-MEE-ah

Translations: severity, a severity, rigor, strictness

Notes: This word refers to severity, rigor, or strictness. It describes a quality of being harsh or unyielding, often in a disciplinary or judgmental sense. It can be used to describe the character of a person or the nature of an action or policy.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΣΤΗΡΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'. The word literally implies 'a cutting off' or 'cutting short', leading to the sense of abruptness, harshness, or severity.

G5544

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khray-STOH-tays

Translations: goodness, a goodness, kindness, a kindness, uprightness, an uprightness, benevolence, a benevolence

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being good, kind, or benevolent. It describes a moral excellence and a disposition to act kindly towards others. It can be used to describe the character of God or the virtuous behavior of people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek adjective χρηστός (chrēstos), meaning 'useful, good, kind'.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G5544

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khray-sto-TEE-tee

Translations: (to) goodness, (to) kindness, (to) uprightness, (to) a goodness, (to) a kindness, (to) an uprightness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being good, kind, or benevolent. It describes a disposition or character that is gentle, mild, and beneficial. It is often used to describe God's kindness and graciousness towards humanity. In a sentence, it would indicate the recipient or instrument of an action related to goodness or kindness.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΩΣΥΝΗ, ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ, ΕΥΝΟΙΑ

G1579

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-ko-PAY-see

Translations: cutting off, an excision, a being cut off, to a cutting off

Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of cutting off, excising, or being cut off. It implies a separation or removal from something. It can be used in contexts where something is severed or eliminated.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΗ, ἘΚΤΜΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἐκκοπή (ekkopē) is derived from the verb ἐκκόπτω (ekkoptō), meaning 'to cut out' or 'to cut off'. It is formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb κόπτω (koptō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to cut'.

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-NAH-tos

Translations: able, powerful, mighty, strong, possible, a mighty one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that possesses power, strength, or ability. It can refer to physical might, moral strength, or the capacity to do something. It can also mean 'possible' when referring to an event or situation. It is often used to describe God as 'the Mighty One'.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be Feminine or Neuter, and other cases/numbers depending on context)

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai), meaning 'to be able, to have power'. It relates to the concept of inherent power or capability.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-ken-TREE-sai

Translations: to graft in, to engraft

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to graft in' or 'to engraft'. It describes the action of inserting a shoot or bud from one plant into another, so that they grow together as one. In a figurative sense, it can refer to incorporating or joining someone or something into a group or system. It is formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in) and 'κεντρίζω' (to prick, to goad, to graft).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΜΦΥΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΟΛΛΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΚΕΝΤΡΙΖΩ is a compound of the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'into', and κεντρίζω (kentrizō), meaning 'to prick', 'to goad', or 'to graft'. The root κεντρίζω comes from κέντρον (kentron), meaning 'a sharp point' or 'a sting'.

G1579

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ek-O-pees

Translations: you were cut off, you were hewn down, you were amputated

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ekkopto', meaning to cut out, cut off, or hew down. It can also mean to amputate or to hinder. In this form, it indicates an action that was done to the subject in the past, specifically 'you' (singular). It is often used metaphorically to describe being separated or removed from something, like a branch being cut from a tree.

Inflection: Second Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΤΕΜΝΩ

G0065

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-ree-EH-lah-yoo

Translations: of a wild olive tree, of a wild olive

Notes: This word refers to a wild olive tree. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀγρός' (agros), meaning 'field' or 'wild', and 'ἐλαία' (elaia), meaning 'olive tree'. It is used to distinguish the uncultivated, natural olive tree from the cultivated, fruitful one. In a sentence, it would describe something belonging to or derived from a wild olive tree.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἀγριέλαιος (agrielaios) is a compound of ἀγρός (agros), meaning 'field' or 'wild', and ἐλαία (elaia), meaning 'olive tree'. It refers to an olive tree growing in the wild, as opposed to a cultivated one.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G2565

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kal-lee-EH-lah-ee-on

Translations: good olive tree, cultivated olive tree, a good olive tree, a cultivated olive tree

Notes: This is a compound word meaning 'good olive tree' or 'cultivated olive tree'. It refers to an olive tree that is of good quality or has been cultivated, as opposed to a wild olive tree. It is used to distinguish between different types of olive trees, often in a metaphorical sense.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Etymology: ΚΑΛΛΙΕΛΑΙΟΝ is a compound word formed from ΚΑΛΟΣ (kalos), meaning 'good' or 'beautiful', and ΕΛΑΙΑ (elaia), meaning 'olive tree'.

G1636

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-LAH-yah

Translations: olive tree, an olive tree, olive, an olive, olive oil, an olive oil

Notes: This word refers to an olive tree, its fruit (olives), or the oil produced from olives. It is often used in a literal sense to describe the tree or its products, but can also be used metaphorically, for example, to symbolize peace or prosperity. It is a common term in agricultural contexts and biblical narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἘΛΑΙΩΝ, ἘΛΑΙΟΝ

Etymology: From an unknown pre-Greek source, possibly Semitic. It refers to the olive tree and its products, a plant of significant cultural and economic importance in the ancient Mediterranean world.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G0050

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ag-no-EH-in

Translations: to be ignorant of, not to know, to ignore, to misunderstand, to be unaware

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀγνοέω' (agnoeō). It means 'to be ignorant of' or 'not to know' something. It can also imply a deliberate act of ignoring or overlooking. It is used to express a lack of knowledge or understanding about a person, fact, or situation.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἈΓΝΩΣΙΑ, ἈΓΝΩΜΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀγνοέω (agnoéō), a compound of ἀ- (a-, 'not') and νοέω (noéō, 'to perceive, to know'). It literally means 'not to know' or 'to be without knowledge'.

G3466

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: moo-STAY-ree-on

Translations: mystery, a mystery, secret, a secret

Notes: This word refers to something hidden or secret, which is not yet revealed or understood. In a religious context, it often refers to a divine truth or purpose that is revealed only to those who are initiated or enlightened. It can also refer to a secret rite or doctrine.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΥΦΟΝ, ΚΡΥΠΤΟΝ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΨΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΥΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ comes from the Greek verb μύω (myō), meaning 'to close the eyes or mouth', referring to the secrecy or silence associated with mysteries or secret rites. It is related to the 'mysteries' of ancient Greek religions.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G4456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-roh-sis

Translations: hardening, a hardening, dullness, blindness, insensitivity

Notes: This word refers to a state of hardening, dullness, or insensitivity, often used in a spiritual or metaphorical sense to describe a lack of perception or understanding. It implies a condition where one's mind or heart has become unyielding or unresponsive to truth or divine influence. It can be used in sentences to describe a spiritual condition, such as 'the hardening of their hearts'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΚΑΡΔΙΑ, ΤΥΦΛΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb πωρόω (pōroō), meaning 'to harden' or 'to make callous'. This verb is derived from πῶρος (pōros), which refers to a type of hard stone, or a callus, indicating a process of becoming like stone or developing a hard, insensitive layer.

G0008

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: AKH-ris

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, as long as

Notes: This word functions as a preposition, adverb, or conjunction, indicating a limit in time, place, or degree. It means 'until' when referring to a point in time, 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to a place, and 'even to' or 'to the point of' when indicating a degree or extent. It is often followed by the genitive case when used as a preposition, but can also be used with other cases depending on context, or stand alone as an adverb or conjunction.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΜΕΧΡΙ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word ἄκρος (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme point', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or boundary.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4622

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: see-OHN

Translations: Zion

Notes: Zion refers to a specific hill in Jerusalem, often used to denote the city of Jerusalem itself, especially its spiritual and theological significance as the dwelling place of God and the center of His people. It can also refer to the heavenly Jerusalem or the spiritual community of believers.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable)

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΥΣΑΛΗΜ

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin (צִיּוֹן, Tsiyyon), meaning 'fortification' or 'citadel'. It was originally the name of a Jebusite fortress in Jerusalem, which King David conquered and made his capital.

G4506

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: RHOO-oh-me-nos

Translations: delivering, rescuing, saving, the one who delivers, the one who rescues, the one who saves

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ῥύομαι (rhyomai), meaning 'to draw to oneself, rescue, deliver, or save'. It describes an action of delivering or rescuing someone or something from danger, evil, or an undesirable situation. It can function adjectivally, describing 'the one who delivers,' or adverbially, indicating 'while delivering' or 'by delivering'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩΝ, ΕΞΑΙΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-STREP-see

Translations: will turn away, will turn back, will return, will avert, will cause to return

Notes: This word means to turn something away or back, or to turn oneself away or back. It can be used both transitively (to turn something) and intransitively (to turn oneself). It often implies a physical turning, but can also be used metaphorically, such as turning away from a path or turning back to a previous state or person. It can also mean to cause something to return or to avert something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: EPISTREPHO, STREPHO, APOTREPO

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-THEH-kee

Translations: covenant, a covenant, testament, a testament, agreement, a will

Notes: This word refers to a solemn agreement or compact, especially one made between God and humans. It can also refer to a last will and testament. In a religious context, it often signifies God's established relationship with His people, as seen in the Old and New Covenants. It is a compound word, formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'between', and 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΟΡΚΟΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ is derived from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'between', and the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. It originally referred to a disposition or arrangement, particularly a legal one, and evolved to mean a will or a covenant.

G3752

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-tan

Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ

Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).

G2098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on

Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, the good news

Notes: This word refers to a message of good news or glad tidings. In a religious context, particularly in Christianity, it specifically refers to the good news of salvation through Jesus Christ. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΜΗΝΥΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΥ̓ΑΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ is derived from the Greek prefix ΕΥ̓- (eu-), meaning 'good' or 'well', and the noun ἈΓΓΕΛΙΟΝ (angelion), meaning 'message' or 'announcement', which itself comes from ἈΓΓΕΛΛΩ (angello), 'to announce'. It originally referred to a reward for bringing good news, and later to the good news itself.

G2190

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ekh-THROY

Translations: enemies, foes, adversaries

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or adversarial towards someone or something. It is used to describe opponents, whether in conflict, legal disputes, or general opposition. It can be used in a literal sense for military adversaries or in a more figurative sense for those who are opposed to a person's beliefs or actions.

Inflection: Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine; Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΙ, ἈΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb ἔχθω (echthō), meaning 'to hate'. It is related to the concept of hatred and hostility.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0027

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-gah-pay-TOY

Translations: beloved, dear, a beloved one, a dear one

Notes: This word describes someone who is loved or dear. It is often used to address someone affectionately, like 'my beloved' or 'dear friends'. It can also refer to a specific person who is highly esteemed or cherished. In the provided examples, it appears in the plural, referring to 'your beloved ones' or 'your dear ones'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΙ, ΕΚΛΕΚΤΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀγαπητός' (agapetos) is derived from the verb 'ἀγαπάω' (agapaō), meaning 'to love'. It signifies someone who is loved or worthy of love.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G278

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-meh-tah-meh-LEE-tah

Translations: irrevocable, unregretted, not to be repented of, things irrevocable

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be regretted or changed, something that is firm, unalterable, and not subject to repentance. It is used to emphasize the unchanging nature of a gift, calling, or decision, particularly from God. For example, God's gifts and calling are irrevocable, meaning they are permanent and will not be taken back.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΜΕΤΑΘΕΤΟΣ, ΑΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix 'α-' (a-, meaning 'not' or 'un-') and 'μεταμελητός' (metamelētos), which means 'regrettable' or 'to be repented of'. 'Μεταμελητός' comes from 'μεταμελέω' (metameleō), meaning 'to change one's mind, regret, repent'. Thus, 'ἀμεταμέλητος' literally means 'not to be regretted' or 'unregrettable'.

G2821

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KLEE-sis

Translations: calling, a calling, invitation, a summons, a divine invitation

Notes: This word refers to a calling or an invitation, often with the implication of a divine summons or a specific purpose. It can be used to describe a general invitation or a specific call to a task or destiny, particularly in a religious or spiritual context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΛΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It refers to the act or result of calling.

G5618

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-sper

Translations: just as, as, even as, like, in the same way as

Notes: This word functions as a comparative adverb or conjunction, meaning 'just as' or 'even as'. It is used to introduce a clause that draws a comparison or analogy, indicating that something is happening or is true in the same manner or degree as something else. It emphasizes the similarity between two things or actions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑΠΕΡ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs, "as") and the particle περ (per, "indeed, very"), emphasizing the comparison.

G4218

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PO-teh

Translations: at some time, ever, once, formerly, when, at any time, sometime

Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates a point in time, often indefinite. It can mean 'at some time' or 'ever,' referring to an unspecified past or future moment. It can also mean 'once' or 'formerly' when referring to a past event. In interrogative contexts, it means 'when?'. It is used to ask about or state the timing of an action or event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the interrogative stem *po- (related to 'who,' 'what') combined with the temporal suffix -te. It refers to an indefinite point in time.

G543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pay-THEY-ah

Translations: disobedience, unbelief, a disobedience, an unbelief

Notes: This word refers to the state or act of refusing to be persuaded or to obey. It signifies a willful resistance to authority or truth, often implying a lack of faith or trust. It is used to describe a condition of rebellion or obstinacy.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ἈΠΙΣΤΙΑ, ἈΝΥΠΟΤΑΞΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΕΙΘΕΙΑ is derived from the adjective ἈΠΕΙΘΗΣ (apeithēs), meaning 'disobedient' or 'unbelieving', which itself is formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) and the verb ΠΕΙΘΩ (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'.

G0544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-PAY-thee-san

Translations: they were disobedient, they disobeyed, they refused to believe, they were unbelieving

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be disobedient,' 'to refuse to believe,' or 'to be unbelieving.' It describes an action of resistance or lack of compliance, often implying a deliberate refusal to obey or trust. It is typically used in the past tense to describe actions that have already occurred.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΙΣΤΕΩ, ΑΝΥΠΟΤΑΚΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀπειθέω (apeitheō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the verb πείθω (peithō), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it literally means 'not to be persuaded' or 'not to obey'.

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EL-eh-ee

Translations: (to) mercy, (to) compassion, (to) pity, (to) a mercy, (to) a compassion, (to) a pity

Notes: This word refers to mercy, compassion, or pity. It is often used in a religious context to describe God's benevolent actions towards humanity. As a dative case, it indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for', or indicating the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟἸΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἔλεος (eleos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to lament' or 'to feel pity'. It is a common term in the Septuagint and New Testament, reflecting a deep theological concept.

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-ay-THOH-sin

Translations: they might be shown mercy, they might obtain mercy, they might be pitied

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to be shown mercy or to receive pity. It describes the act of someone being the recipient of compassion or kindness from another. It is used to express a potential or desired outcome where mercy is granted.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΛΕΕΩ (eleeō) comes from ἔλεος (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'. It is related to the concept of deep compassion and concern for others.

G4788

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ek-KLEI-sen

Translations: shut up, enclose, confine, shut in, close up, deliver up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΚΛΕΙΩ (to shut). It means to shut up, enclose, or confine something or someone, often implying a complete or secure closure. It can also mean to deliver up or hand over, especially in a context of being shut in or confined for a purpose. It is used to describe the act of closing something completely, like a gate or a tent, or to describe the act of confining people or things.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΕΙΩ, ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΩ

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-EH-see

Translations: he may have mercy, he will have mercy, he might show pity, he will show pity

Notes: This verb means to have mercy, to show pity, or to feel compassion for someone. It is often used in a religious context, referring to God's mercy towards humanity. It describes an action of showing kindness or clemency, especially to those in distress or who are deserving of punishment.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active

Synonyms: ΟἸΚΤΕΊΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΊΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἘΛΕΈΩ (eleeō) is derived from the noun ἔλεος (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'. It signifies the act of showing compassion or kindness.

G0899

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BA-thos

Translations: depth, a depth, deep, profoundness, abyss

Notes: This noun refers to a great vertical extent downwards, indicating depth or profoundness. It can also refer to the deep sea or an abyss. It is used to describe the extent of something from top to bottom, or figuratively, the profoundness of a concept or idea.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΒΥΣΣΟΣ, ΒΥΘΟΣ

Etymology: From the adjective βαθύς (bathys), meaning 'deep'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰedʰ-, meaning 'to sink, to be deep'.

G0421

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-ex-er-AV-nee-tah

Translations: unsearchable, untraceable, inscrutable, unsearchable things

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be searched out, investigated, or fully understood. It implies a depth or complexity that is beyond human comprehension or discovery. It is often used in a theological context to describe the ways, judgments, or wisdom of God, indicating that they are beyond human ability to fully grasp. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀν- (an-, 'not'), ἐκ- (ek-, 'out of'), ἐραυνάω (eraunao, 'to search'), and the suffix -τος (-tos, forming an adjective).

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΞΙΧΝΙΑΣΤΟΣ

G0421

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: an-ex-ikh-NEE-as-toy

Translations: unsearchable, past finding out, inscrutable

Notes: This word describes something that cannot be traced, searched out, or fully understood. It is often used to refer to the ways or judgments of God, implying that they are beyond human comprehension or investigation. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀν-' (an-, a negative prefix meaning 'not'), 'ἐξιχνιάζω' (exichniazo, meaning 'to trace out' or 'to track'), and the adjectival suffix '-τος' (-tos).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΞΕΡΕΥΝΗΤΟΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΛΗΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the negative prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the verb ἐξιχνιάζω (exichniazo), which means 'to trace out' or 'to track', derived from ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἴχνος (ichnos, 'footprint' or 'track'). Thus, it literally means 'not able to be traced out'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G4823

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soom-BOO-los

Translations: counselor, a counselor, adviser, a adviser

Notes: This word refers to someone who gives advice or counsel, an adviser or counselor. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'βουλή' (boulē), meaning 'counsel' or 'plan'. It is typically used to describe a person who provides guidance or strategic advice, often to a leader or in a decision-making context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΤΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΤΗΣ, ΓΝΩΜΩΝ

Etymology: From the verb συμβουλεύω (symbouleuō, 'to advise'), which is formed from σύν (syn, 'with, together') and βουλή (boulē, 'counsel, plan').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G4272

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-EH-doh-ken

Translations: betrayed, delivered up beforehand, gave up beforehand

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Together, it means 'to give beforehand' or 'to deliver up beforehand'. In many contexts, it carries the negative connotation of 'to betray' or 'to hand over treacherously'. It describes an action of giving or delivering something or someone into the hands of another, often with harmful or deceitful intent.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-sah

Translations: glory, a glory, splendor, honor, praise, reputation, dignity, majesty

Notes: This word refers to glory, splendor, or honor. It can describe the inherent majesty of God, the praise given to someone, or a person's reputation. It is often used in a theological context to refer to the divine nature or manifestation of God's presence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΕΥΚΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think'. The noun originally referred to an opinion or expectation, then evolved to mean 'reputation' and eventually 'glory' or 'splendor'.

G0281