2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5283

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-POP-ton

Translations: suspicious, suspected, a suspicious thing, a suspected thing

Notes: This word describes something that is suspicious, or something that is suspected. It can refer to a person, an action, or an object that arouses suspicion. In a sentence, it would modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses the quality of being suspicious or being under suspicion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΦΘΟΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΒΟΥΛΟΣ, ΥΠΟΠΤΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the Greek preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb ὄπτομαι (optomai), meaning 'to see' or 'to look at'. Thus, it literally means 'looked at from under' or 'looked at with suspicion'.

G647

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-pos-keh-vah-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having divested oneself, having rid oneself, having packed up, having gotten rid of, having put away, having laid aside

Notes: This word is a compound verb participle, meaning 'to divest oneself of something,' 'to get rid of,' or 'to pack up and depart.' It implies a deliberate action of removing or setting aside something, often with the nuance of preparing for a journey or freeing oneself from a burden. It can be used to describe someone who has rid themselves of possessions, or figuratively, of suspicions or concerns.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Participle

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ἈΦΙΗΜΙ

G1239

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-GRAHM-mah

Translations: proclamation, edict, decree, a proclamation, an edict, a decree

Notes: This word refers to a written public notice, an official proclamation, or a decree. It signifies something that is drawn up or written out for public display or announcement, often by an authority. It can be used in sentences to describe a formal declaration or order issued by a ruler or government.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΚΕΛΕΥΣΜΑ

Etymology: The word διαγράμμα (diagrámma) is derived from the verb διαγράφω (diagráphō), meaning 'to mark out, describe, draw up, or write out'. It combines διά (diá, 'through, apart') and γράφω (gráphō, 'to write, draw').

G4388

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: proo-TEE-thay

Translations: he was setting before, he was proposing, he was displaying, he was putting forth, he was purposing

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'protithēmi', meaning 'to set before', 'to propose', 'to display', or 'to purpose'. It is a compound word formed from 'pro' (before) and 'tithēmi' (to place or put). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, where someone was placing something in front of others, presenting an idea, or having a specific intention.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'protithēmi' is a compound of the preposition 'pro' (πρό), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb 'tithēmi' (τίθημι), meaning 'to place', 'to put', or 'to set'. Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0002

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-GRIP-pah

Translations: Agrippa

Notes: Agrippa is a proper noun, referring to a male individual. In the New Testament, it primarily refers to Herod Agrippa I and Herod Agrippa II, who were Roman client kings of Judea. It is used as a direct address or as the subject/object of a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Agrippa is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman cognomen Agrippa. It was traditionally given to children born feet first, from Latin 'aegre partus' meaning 'born with difficulty' or 'aegre pes' meaning 'difficult foot'.

G0950

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: beh-bah-EE-ohn

Translations: confirming, establishing, making firm, making sure, guaranteeing, a confirmer, an establisher

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΒΕΒΑΙΟΩ' (bebaioō). It describes the action of confirming, establishing, or making something firm and secure. It can refer to a person or entity that performs this action, or the action itself. It implies a sense of making something certain, reliable, or valid.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΟΩ, ΣΤΗΡΙΖΩ, ΕΔΡΑΖΩ

G1050

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-ee-oss

Translations: Gaius

Notes: Gaius is a common Roman praenomen, or personal name, frequently found in ancient Greek and Roman texts. It refers to a specific male individual. In the New Testament, several men named Gaius are mentioned, including one who was a traveling companion of Paul and another to whom the Third Epistle of John is addressed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Gaius is of Latin origin, a very common Roman praenomen. Its etymology is uncertain, but it may be related to the Latin verb 'gaudere', meaning 'to rejoice'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eng-KO-mee-ohn

Translations: of praise, of eulogy, of commendation

Notes: This word refers to a formal expression of praise, a eulogy, or a commendation. It is typically used in the context of speeches or writings that extol the virtues or achievements of someone or something. It is a compound word, formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (en, meaning 'in' or 'on') and 'κῶμος' (kōmos, meaning 'revel' or 'procession'), originally referring to a song sung during a celebratory procession.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΑΙΝΩΝ, ΕΥΦΗΜΙΩΝ

G0737

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GOHN

Translations: contest, struggle, fight, race, a contest, a struggle, a fight, a race

Notes: This word refers to a gathering, especially for a contest or struggle. It can denote a physical struggle, a race, a battle, or a more general conflict or struggle in life. It is often used in the context of athletic games or a spiritual struggle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring, to drive'. The noun refers to a gathering or assembly, particularly for a competition or struggle.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAP-pos

Translations: grandfather, a grandfather

Notes: This word refers to a grandfather. It is used to denote the male parent of one's father or mother. In ancient Greek, it could also be used more broadly to refer to an ancestor or an old man, especially one who is respected.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΠΑΤΩΡ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'πάππος' (pappos) is of imitative origin, likely derived from a child's babbling sound 'pa-pa', similar to the origin of 'papa' or 'daddy' in many languages. It is related to Latin 'pappus' (old man) and Sanskrit 'pappa' (father).

G4540

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-mah-REH-ee-an

Translations: Samaria

Notes: This word refers to Samaria, a historical and biblical region in the ancient Near East, located in the central highlands of the Land of Israel. It was the capital city of the northern Kingdom of Israel and later a Roman province. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating motion towards or extension over a place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samaria' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Shomron', which means 'watch-mountain' or 'watch-tower'. It refers to the hill on which the city of Samaria was built.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3784

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: oh-fei-LOH-meh-nah

Translations: things owed, debts, dues, what is due, what is owed

Notes: This word is the neuter plural perfect passive participle of the verb 'ὀφείλω' (opheilō), meaning 'to owe' or 'to be indebted'. As a participle, it functions adjectivally to describe things that are owed or due. It can also be used substantively as a noun, referring to 'debts' or 'dues' in general, or 'what is owed'. It signifies obligations or payments that are rightfully due to someone.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΗ, ΟΦΕΙΛΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'ὀφείλω' (opheilō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to owe' or 'to be obliged'. It is related to words signifying debt or duty in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-kee-OH-tee-tee

Translations: to kinship, to intimacy, to relationship, to familiarity, to a relationship

Notes: This word refers to a close relationship, kinship, or intimacy. It describes the state of being closely connected or familiar with someone or something. It is used to express a sense of belonging or a bond between individuals.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΑ, ΦΙΛΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΕΙΟΤΗΣ (oikeiotēs) is derived from the adjective οἰκεῖος (oikeios), meaning 'belonging to a house or family, domestic, intimate'. This, in turn, comes from οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'.

G0667

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DIH-doo

Translations: he was giving back, he was paying back, he was rendering, he was restoring, he was returning

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to give back,' 'to pay back,' 'to render,' or 'to restore.' It describes an action of returning something, whether it's a physical object, a payment, or a service. It implies a sense of obligation or completion of a transaction. For example, it could be used to say 'he was paying the wages' or 'he was returning the item.'

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΑΙ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΩΣΙΝ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G3030

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lee-BAH-noh

Translations: to frankincense, with frankincense, frankincense

Notes: This word refers to frankincense, a fragrant gum resin obtained from trees, often used in ancient times for incense and perfumes. In the provided examples, it is used to describe aromatic substances or to indicate something being treated or mixed with frankincense.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΙΒΑΝΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΛΙΒΑΝΟΣ (libanos) is of Semitic origin, likely from Hebrew 'levonah' (לְבוֹנָה), meaning 'frankincense' or 'white' (referring to its color).

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ET-ith-ay

Translations: was adding, used to add, kept adding, was putting to, was giving in addition, was continuing

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, place'). It means 'to add to', 'to put to', 'to give in addition', or 'to continue'. The form ΠΡΟΣΕΤΙΘΕΙ is an imperfect active indicative, third person singular, indicating an ongoing or repeated action in the past, such as 'he/she/it was adding' or 'he/she/it used to add'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound verb derived from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, set'. The combination signifies placing something in addition to or toward something else.

G5080

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TEM-neh-tai

Translations: is cut, is being cut, is divided, is being divided, is severed, is being severed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cut' or 'to divide'. In this form, it indicates that something 'is being cut' or 'is being divided' by an external agent, or that it is undergoing the action of cutting or dividing. It is often used to describe the action of severing or separating something.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΤΩ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word τέμνω comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *temh₁-, meaning 'to cut'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also refer to cutting or dividing.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khon

Translations: Antiochus

Notes: Antiochus is a common Greek proper name, frequently used for kings of the Seleucid Empire and other historical figures. In this form, it is the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the person 'Antiochus' is receiving the action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'Ἀντίοχος' (Antíochos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound of 'ἀντί' (antí, 'against, in return for') and 'ἔχω' (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G0851

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: taking away, removing, cutting off, depriving, having taken away, having removed

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ἀφαιρέω' (aphairéō), meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and often functions adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of another action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun. It implies an action of separation or deprivation.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kom-ma-GAY-nay

Translations: Commagene

Notes: Commagene was an ancient Hellenistic kingdom or region located in what is now south-central Turkey, bordering Syria. It was known for its strategic location and rich cultural heritage, often serving as a buffer state between larger empires. The word refers to the territory itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Commagene' is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from an ancient Anatolian or Syrian language. It was the name of the region and kingdom throughout the Hellenistic and Roman periods.

G3089

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LOO-ee

Translations: he looses, she looses, it looses, he unties, she unties, it unties, he releases, she releases, it releases, he destroys, she destroys, it destroys, he breaks, she breaks, it breaks

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to loose, untie, release, destroy, or break. It can be used in various contexts, such as untying a rope, releasing a prisoner, dissolving a marriage, or destroying a building. It refers to the action of bringing something to an end or setting something free.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G0256

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-lah-BAR-khen

Translations: alabarch, an alabarch

Notes: An alabarch was a title for a Jewish official, particularly prominent in Alexandria, Egypt, during the Roman period. This official often held significant administrative and financial responsibilities, sometimes overseeing customs or taxes. The word is a compound of 'Arab' and 'archon' (ruler).

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound derived from 'Arab' (referring to the region or people, possibly related to customs or taxes) and the Greek word 'archon', meaning 'ruler' or 'chief'. It designated a specific type of official, particularly in Egypt.

G5384

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: FEE-lon

Translations: dear, beloved, friendly, a friend, a dear one, a loved one

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dear,' 'beloved,' or 'friendly,' or as a noun meaning 'friend' or 'loved one.' It describes someone or something that is cherished or held in affection. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating a close relationship or value. As a noun, it refers to a person with whom one has a bond of affection.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΠΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥΝΟΥΣ

G0744

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-KHAH-ee-on

Translations: ancient, old, former, an ancient thing, an old thing

Notes: This word describes something that is old, from a long time ago, or original. It refers to things that existed in the past or are of long standing. It can be used to describe people, objects, or concepts that are not new.

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning' or 'first cause', combined with the suffix -αῖος (-aios) which forms adjectives indicating origin or belonging. Thus, it refers to something pertaining to the beginning or ancient times.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-go-NO-tah

Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, that which has come to pass, things that have happened, things that have come into being

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to happen,' or 'to come into being.' As a perfect active participle, it describes an action that has been completed and whose results are ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often referring to 'things that have happened' or 'events that have occurred.'

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΑ, ΣΥΜΒΕΒΗΚΟΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, becoming, or existence.

G2012

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-tro-PEV-san-tah

Translations: having been a guardian, having been a steward, having administered, having managed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἐπιτροπεύω', meaning 'to be a guardian, steward, or administrator'. It describes someone who has performed the action of managing, overseeing, or acting as a trustee. It implies a past action that has been completed, with the result or state continuing into the present context. It is often used in legal or administrative contexts.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΧΕΙΡΙΣΑΝΤΑ, ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΗΣΑΝΤΑ

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAY

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often violent, emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous wrath against sin. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΧΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *werg- meaning 'to work, to do'. The word originally referred to an 'impulse' or 'disposition', which then developed into the meaning of 'anger' or 'wrath' as an internal working or agitation.

G1210

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-non

Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound thing, that which is bound

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been bound or is in a state of being bound. It can refer to a person who is imprisoned or an object that is tied up.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G0001

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ag-RIP-poo

Translations: of Agrippa

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Agrippa'. Agrippa was a common Roman name, notably borne by two Herodian kings mentioned in the New Testament: Herod Agrippa I and Herod Agrippa II. The genitive case indicates possession or origin, so 'of Agrippa' means something belonging to or related to Agrippa.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Agrippa' is of Latin origin, derived from 'Agrippa', a Roman cognomen. It is believed to have originally referred to a child born feet first (from 'aegre partus', meaning 'born with difficulty').

G5053

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lev-TAN

Translations: to end, to finish, to die, to complete, to bring to an end

Notes: This word describes the action of bringing something to an end, completing a task, or reaching a conclusion. It can also refer to the act of dying or passing away. It is often used in contexts where a process or life reaches its final point.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from the noun τέλος (telos), meaning "end" or "completion." It signifies the act of reaching that end or completion.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-PHO

Translations: to brother, to a brother, to fellow believer, to a fellow believer, to countryman, to a countryman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it is also commonly used in a broader sense to refer to a fellow countryman, a fellow human being, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is a dative form, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G0067

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-GRIP-pahs

Translations: Agrippa

Notes: Agrippa is a Roman personal name, often associated with members of the Herodian dynasty who ruled over parts of Judea. It refers to several historical figures, most notably Herod Agrippa I and Herod Agrippa II, both of whom are mentioned in the New Testament. The name signifies a person of Roman origin or influence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Agrippa is of Latin origin, derived from 'Agrippa', a Roman cognomen. It was traditionally given to children born feet first (breech birth).

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ai-tay-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having asked, having requested, having demanded, having begged

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰτέω', meaning 'to ask', 'to request', or 'to demand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates someone who has performed the action of asking or requesting. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man having asked for bread'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΆΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G2804

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KLAU-dee-oo

Translations: of Claudius

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Claudius'. Claudius was a common Roman name, most notably borne by the Roman Emperor Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, who reigned from 41 to 54 AD. The name is used to refer to someone named Claudius, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Claudius' is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens (family name) Claudia. It is believed to be related to the Latin word 'claudus', meaning 'lame' or 'crippled', though this connection is not definitively established for the family name itself.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G5053

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-le-oo-TEE-san-tos

Translations: (of) one who died, (of) a dead person, (of) one having died, (of) someone who has died

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'τελευτάω' (teleutaō), meaning 'to finish', 'to end', or 'to die'. As a genitive masculine singular participle, it indicates an action completed before the main verb, often translated as 'when he died', 'after he died', or 'of one who died'. It describes the state or action of someone who has passed away.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΟΣ, ΕΚΠΝΕΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word τελευτάω (teleutaō) comes from τέλος (telos), meaning 'end' or 'completion'. The verb thus signifies bringing something to an end or reaching a conclusion, which extends to the concept of dying as the end of life.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noo

Translations: of that, of that one, of him, of it, that one's, his

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ', meaning 'that' or 'that one'. In the genitive case, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of that', 'of that one', 'of him', or 'of it'. It can refer to a person or thing previously mentioned or understood from context, distinguishing it from something closer or more immediate.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ' is derived from the demonstrative particle 'ἘΚΕῖ' (there), indicating distance. It points to something or someone far off or distinct from the speaker and listener.

G5013

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: teh-tah-peh-noh-MEH-non

Translations: humbled, abased, brought low, a humbled thing, that which is humbled

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ταπεινόω' (tapeinoō), meaning 'to humble' or 'to abase'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a state of being. In this form, it describes something that has been humbled or brought low, often in a spiritual or social sense, indicating a state of humility or degradation. It can be used to describe a person, an object, or a concept that has undergone this process.

Inflection: Perfect Passive Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΣΤΕΛΛΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΟΝ

G5195

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-BRIS-meh-non

Translations: insulted, abused, treated with contempt, outraged, a thing insulted, a thing abused

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been insulted' or 'having been treated with contempt'. It describes something or someone that has suffered an act of insolence, abuse, or outrage. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun itself).

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΤΙΜΑΣΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΗΜΕΝΟΝ

G459

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-THAR-see-seh

Translations: took courage, was encouraged, cheered up, became confident

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-, meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb θαρσέω (tharseō, meaning 'to be courageous' or 'to be confident'). It means to take courage, to be encouraged, or to cheer up. It describes an action where someone regains or finds courage, often in a situation where they were previously fearful or disheartened. It is typically used in the active voice.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΕΝΘΑΡΡΥΝΩ

Etymology: The root verb θαρσέω (tharseō) comes from θάρσος (tharsos), meaning 'courage' or 'boldness'. The prefix ἀνα- (ana-) indicates an upward movement or repetition, suggesting a renewed or increased state of courage.

G1849

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-AR-khoon-tee

Translations: (to) a governor, (to) a prefect, (to) a ruler, (to) a commander

Notes: This word is a present active participle, used here in the dative case. It refers to someone who is in command, a governor, or a prefect. It describes an individual who holds authority or is in charge of a region or group, and in this dative form, it indicates the recipient of an action or the person to whom something is directed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΙ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΙ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπάρχω (eparchō) comes from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ἄρχω (archō), meaning 'to rule' or 'to begin'. Thus, it literally means 'to rule over' or 'to be in charge of'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-STEL-lai

Translations: to quiet, to calm, to suppress, to restrain, to put down, to check

Notes: This word means to quiet, calm, or suppress something, often referring to a disturbance, a riot, or a person's emotions. It implies bringing something under control or putting an end to disorder. For example, one might use it to describe quelling a rebellion or calming a crowd.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΑΖΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (stellō), meaning 'to send' or 'to arrange'. Together, they convey the idea of sending down or arranging in a way that brings order or suppression.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-ke-KLEE-ko-tohn

Translations: of those who have been called alongside, of those who have been exhorted, of those who have been comforted, of those who have been encouraged

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning "having called alongside," "having exhorted," "having comforted," or "having encouraged." It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with "of those who have..." or "of the ones who have...".

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word παρακαλέω (parakaleō) is a compound of παρά (para), meaning "beside" or "alongside," and καλέω (kaleō), meaning "to call." Thus, its literal meaning is "to call alongside."

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ge-GRA-mme-non

Translations: written, a written thing, what is written, scripture

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been written. When used substantively (as a noun), it refers to 'that which has been written' or 'a writing', often specifically referring to 'Scripture' in a religious context. It indicates a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΓΡΑΦΗ

Etymology: The verb 'γράφω' (graphō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to scratch, to carve, to write'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G5086

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: tee-BEH-ree-os

Translations: Tiberius

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Tiberius Caesar Augustus, the second Roman Emperor. It is used to identify the historical figure in texts. In Koine Greek, proper nouns like this do not inflect for case or gender in the same way common nouns do, but their endings may change to fit Greek grammatical patterns.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Etymology: The name 'Tiberius' is of Latin origin, derived from the Tiber River in Italy. It was a common Roman praenomen (given name) and later became associated with the Roman imperial family.

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar

Translations: Caesar

Notes: This word refers to Caesar, a title used by Roman emperors. It is derived from the family name of Julius Caesar and was adopted by subsequent emperors as a title of imperial authority. It is used in the New Testament to refer to the reigning Roman emperor.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word "ΚΑΙΣΑΡ" is a transliteration of the Latin name "Caesar," which was originally the cognomen of a branch of the gens Julia, most famously Gaius Julius Caesar. After his death, his adopted son Octavian (Augustus) used it as part of his title, and it subsequently became a title for Roman emperors.

G4575

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: seh-bas-TOS

Translations: Augustus, venerable, reverend, worshipful, an Augustus

Notes: This word means 'venerable' or 'reverend'. It is most famously used as a title for the Roman emperor, 'Augustus', which was originally a personal name adopted by Octavian, the first Roman emperor. It signifies someone worthy of honor and respect, often associated with divine or semi-divine status.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. It inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΣΕΜΝΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the verb σεβάζομαι (sebázomai), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere', which itself comes from σέβας (sébas), meaning 'awe' or 'reverence'.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-mar-KHEE-kees

Translations: of a tribune, tribunician, of a magistrate

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'of or pertaining to a demarch' or 'tribunician'. A demarch was a magistrate or leader of the people, similar to a tribune in Roman contexts. It is often used in the phrase 'tribunician power' (δημαρχικῆς ἐξουσίας), referring to the authority held by Roman emperors, which was derived from the power of the tribunes of the plebs.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΔΗΜΑΡΧΙΚΟΣ is derived from the noun ΔΗΜΑΡΧΟΣ (demarchos), which is a compound of ΔΗΜΟΣ (demos, 'people') and ΑΡΧΩ (archo, 'to rule').

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-GNOOS

Translations: having known, knowing, recognizing, understanding, perceiving, having perceived, having recognized, having understood

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epiginōskō', meaning 'to know fully, to recognize, to understand completely'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It implies a deeper, more complete knowledge than simple 'ginōskō' (to know). It can be translated as 'having known' or 'knowing' depending on the context, often implying a realization or full recognition.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G0431

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-kah-then

Translations: from above, from the first, from the beginning, from of old

Notes: This adverb indicates origin, either in terms of place (from above) or time (from the beginning or from of old). It is used to describe something that has existed or occurred since a distant past or from a higher point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΘΕΝ, ΑΡΧΗΘΕΝ, ΕΞΑΡΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἀνέκαθεν is a compound of ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and ἔκαθεν (ekathen), meaning 'from a distance' or 'from afar'. Thus, it literally means 'from up from afar' or 'from a distant high point', which evolved to mean 'from the beginning' or 'from of old' in a temporal sense.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-go-MEH-noos

Translations: being called, said, named, so-called, those being called, those said, those named, the so-called ones

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something as 'being called', 'being said', or 'being named'. It often refers to people or things that are commonly known by a certain name or description, hence 'so-called'. It is used to introduce a descriptive phrase about a noun.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Masculine Gender, Plural Number

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G4790

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soong-kah-toy-kee-STHEN-tas

Translations: having been settled together, having been made to dwell together, having been colonized together

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'συγκατοικίζω' (sygkatoikizō), meaning 'to settle together' or 'to colonize together'. It describes a group of people who have been settled or made to dwell alongside others. It implies a shared habitation or establishment in a place.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΙΣΘΕΝΤΑΣ, ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G2117

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EU-thoo

Translations: straight, direct, right, immediately, at once, directly, truly

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'straight' or 'right', or as an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'directly'. As an adjective, it describes something that is not crooked or deviates from a path, or something that is morally correct. As an adverb, it indicates an action happening without delay or in a direct manner.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular; or Adverbial form

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΘΕΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥ̓ΤΙΚΑ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-ee-ROYS

Translations: to times, in times, for times, of times, seasons, opportunities

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, a season, or a critical moment. It is often used in contrast to 'chronos' (χρόνος), which refers to general, sequential time. 'Kairos' emphasizes the qualitative aspect of time, highlighting a suitable or fitting moment for something to happen. It can be used to indicate a period of time, a season, or a favorable opportunity.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΙΣ, ΩΡΑΙΣ, ΕΥΚΑΙΡΙΑΙΣ

G4174

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-li-TEI-as

Translations: of citizenship, of commonwealth, of state, of government, of way of life, of a way of life

Notes: This word refers to the rights and duties of a citizen, the administration of a state, or the form of government. It can also describe a person's conduct or way of life within a community. It is often used in contexts discussing political systems or the collective body of citizens.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΣ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΑ, ΒΙΟΣ

Etymology: From ancient Greek, derived from the word 'πολίτης' (politēs), meaning 'citizen', which itself comes from 'πόλις' (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state'.

G5177

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: teh-TEF-kho-tas

Translations: having obtained, having met with, having happened upon, those having obtained, those having met with

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle derived from the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen', 'to obtain', or 'to meet with'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that has completed the action of obtaining or meeting. In this form, it refers to 'those who have obtained' or 'those who have met with' something.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΥΡΗΚΟΤΑΣ

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G5319

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: fah-neh-RON

Translations: manifest, evident, clear, visible, apparent, known, a manifest thing, an evident thing

Notes: This word describes something that is visible, apparent, or clear. It is used to indicate that something is easily seen, understood, or made known. It can refer to something that is openly displayed or something that becomes obvious.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΣ, ΕΜΦΑΝΗΣ, ΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From φανερόω (phaneroō, 'to make visible, reveal'), from φανός (phanos, 'light, torch'), from φαίνω (phainō, 'to bring to light, make appear').

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-toh

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it became, it was, it came into being

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative middle/passive of the verb γίνομαι (ginomai). It signifies an event that occurred or a state that came into existence in the past. It is frequently used to introduce a new event or development in a narrative, often translated as 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'. It can also describe something becoming or being made into something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

G1121

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: grahm-MAH-tohn

Translations: of letters, of writings, of documents, of scriptures, of a writing, of a document, of a letter

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'γραμμα' (gramma). It refers to written characters, letters of the alphabet, or more broadly, written documents, scriptures, or literature. It is used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of letters' or 'belonging to writings'. In the provided context, 'πόλις γραμμάτων' (polis grammaton) means 'city of writings' or 'city of scribes/scholars', implying a place known for its literacy or written records.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΩΝ, ΓΡΑΦΩΝ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G1297

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-TAHG-mah-tohn

Translations: of decrees, of ordinances, of edicts, of commands

Notes: This word refers to a formal order, decree, or ordinance issued by an authority. It signifies a command or regulation that is officially established and binding. It is often used in contexts referring to governmental or divine mandates.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ (diatagma) is derived from the verb διατάσσω (diatassō), meaning 'to arrange, appoint, command'. It combines the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', with τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2251

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hay-MEH-teh-rah

Translations: our, ours

Notes: This word is a possessive adjective meaning 'our' or 'ours'. It indicates possession by the first person plural (we). It functions similarly to the English word 'our', modifying a noun to show that something belongs to 'us'. For example, 'our house' or 'our land'.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΗΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΗΜΕΤΕΡΟΣ (hēmeteros) is derived from the first person plural pronoun ΗΜΕΙΣ (hēmeis), meaning 'we'. It is a possessive adjective formed from this pronoun.

G5293

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-takh-THEE-nai

Translations: to be subject, to be submissive, to be obedient, to be brought under

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb ΥΠΟΤΑΣΣΩ (hypotassō), meaning 'to place under' or 'to subject'. As an infinitive, it functions like 'to be subjected' or 'to be made subject'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under', and the verb ΤΑΣΣΩ (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to order'. It describes the act of being placed in a subordinate position or submitting to authority.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ, ΥΠΕΙΚΩ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-foo-LAKH-thai

Translations: to have been guarded, to have been kept, to have been preserved, to have been watched

Notes: This word is the perfect passive infinitive form of the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard' or 'to keep'. As a perfect passive infinitive, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, with the subject of the action being the recipient of the guarding or keeping. It is used to express the idea of something having been protected or maintained.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pem-FTHEN-ton

Translations: of those who were sent, of those having been sent, of those sent

Notes: This word is a passive participle derived from the verb 'ΠΕΜΠΩ' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. It describes individuals who have been sent by someone or something. As a genitive plural, it typically functions to indicate possession or origin, often translated as 'of those who were sent' or 'of those having been sent'. It refers to multiple people who were the recipients of the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΑΛΕΝΤΩΝ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek verb that has been in continuous use since Mycenaean Greek.

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-PAR-khone

Translations: governor, a governor, prefect, a prefect, ruler, a ruler, chief, a chief

Notes: This word refers to a governor, prefect, or chief, someone in a position of authority or leadership. It is often used to describe a provincial governor or a high-ranking official. It can function as a noun or an adjective, describing someone who is in charge or ruling.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔπαρχος (eparchos) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun ἀρχός (archos), meaning 'ruler' or 'leader'. Thus, it literally means 'one who rules over'.

G1313

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ah-FO-roos

Translations: different, various, diverse, excellent, superior, distinguished

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'different,' 'various,' or 'diverse.' It can also convey the sense of 'excellent' or 'superior,' depending on the context. It is used to describe things that are distinct from one another or of a higher quality. In the provided examples, it refers to 'different ones' or 'various ones.'

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ, ΠΟΙΚΙΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΚΕΚΡΙΜΕΝΟΣ

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-deh-MEE-ahn

Translations: no, not one, none, not any, (not) a single

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to emphasize the complete absence of something, often in a prohibitive or conditional context. It combines the negative particle 'μη' (mē) with 'εἷς' (heis), meaning 'one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and εἷς (heis), meaning 'one'. It developed in ancient Greek to express a strong, subjective negation of 'one' or 'any', particularly in contexts of prohibition or potentiality.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G4575

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: seh-bas-TON

Translations: Augustus, an Augustus, venerable, a venerable thing, revered, a revered thing, holy, a holy thing

Notes: This word describes something that is worthy of reverence, respect, or honor. It is often used as a title, particularly referring to the Roman Emperor Augustus, or to things associated with him, such as places or objects named in his honor. It can also describe anything that is majestic or sacred.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΕΜΝΟΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb σεβάζομαι (sebázomai), meaning 'to revere, to worship', which itself comes from σέβας (sébas), meaning 'awe, reverence'. It was used to translate the Latin title 'Augustus', which means 'majestic' or 'venerable'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1481

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eth-NAR-khas

Translations: ethnarch, a ruler of a nation, a ruler of a people

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἔθνος' (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'people', and 'ἄρχων' (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'leader'. An ethnarch is a ruler or governor of a nation or a specific ethnic group, often appointed by a foreign power, and typically holding a position of lesser authority than a king. It describes someone who governs a people or a nation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΘΝΑΡΧΗΣ is derived from the Greek words ἔθνος (ethnos), meaning 'nation' or 'people', and ἄρχων (archon), meaning 'ruler' or 'leader'. It describes a ruler of a nation or an ethnic group.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GIG-nes-thai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be born, to be made

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the process of coming into being, happening, or being made. It is often used to describe events unfolding, changes occurring, or the state of something coming into existence. It can also mean 'to be born' or 'to be produced'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΙΝΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΕΙΝ

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-non

Translations: wanting, wishing, intending, desiring, purposing, choosing, a wanting one, the one wanting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to want' or 'to wish'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is wanting or wishing to do something. It often conveys the idea of a deliberate choice or intention, rather than a mere emotional desire.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-tooss

Translations: each, every, each one, every one

Notes: This word is a distributive adjective or pronoun, meaning 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual members of a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for a noun, often implying 'each one' or 'every one' of a specified group.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Etymology: From an intensive prefix (related to EK) and a form related to the pronoun HOS. It emphasizes individuality within a group.

G1703

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: em-MEH-non-tas

Translations: remaining in, abiding in, continuing in, persisting in, those remaining in, those abiding in

Notes: This word is the accusative masculine plural active participle of the verb 'ἐμμένω' (emmenō). It describes an action of 'remaining in' or 'abiding in' something or someone. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can act as a substantive (a noun itself), referring to 'those who remain' or 'those who abide'. It implies steadfastness, perseverance, or continuance in a state, place, or relationship.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩ

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-oys

Translations: one's own, his own, her own, its own, their own, private, peculiar, proper, a private, a peculiar

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique relationship, indicating something that belongs specifically to a person or group, or is characteristic of them. It can be used substantively, meaning 'one's own people' or 'one's own things'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂, ΟἸΚΕΙ͂ΟΣ

G1485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-theh-sin

Translations: to customs, by customs, with customs, to habits, by habits, with habits, to ways, by ways, with ways

Notes: This word refers to established customs, habits, or ways of doing things within a society or group. It describes the traditional practices or behaviors that are commonly followed. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object or means by which something is done, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'by', or 'with'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΟΣ, ΤΡΟΠΟΣ, ΣΥΝΗΘΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ἔθος (ethos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *swedʰ- meaning 'custom, habit'. It is related to words signifying 'one's own' or 'peculiar to oneself', implying a characteristic way of being or acting.

G3845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-BAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to transgress, to violate, to go beyond, to step over

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'παραβαίνω'. It means to step over or go beyond a boundary, rule, or command. It is often used in the context of breaking a law or commandment, indicating a transgression or violation. For example, one might 'παραβαίνειν' the law.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραβαίνω' is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, by, beyond', and 'βαίνω' (bainō), meaning 'to go, to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to step beside' or 'to step beyond'.

G0318

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nahg-kah-ZOH-meh-noos

Translations: being compelled, being forced, being constrained, being urged

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being compelled' or 'being forced'. It describes someone or something that is currently undergoing the action of being compelled or constrained by an external force or necessity. It can be used to describe individuals who are under duress or obligation to perform an action.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

G3961

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-tree-on

Translations: ancestral, hereditary, traditional, of the fathers, customary

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It refers to customs, laws, or traditions that have been passed down through generations. It can be used to describe anything that is characteristic of one's heritage or lineage.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΩΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the suffix -ιον, indicating belonging or relation.

G1869

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ar-THEE-nai

Translations: to be lifted up, to be raised up, to be exalted, to be arrogant, to be proud

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'epairō', meaning 'to lift up' or 'to raise'. In the passive voice, as it is here, it means 'to be lifted up' or 'to be raised up'. It can also carry the connotation of becoming arrogant or proud, as in 'to be puffed up' or 'to be conceited'. It describes an action of being elevated, either physically or in status, and often implies a negative sense of pride.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ὙΨΟΩ, ἘΠΑΙΡΩ, ΦΥΣΙΟΩ

G2541

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KAI-sar-os

Translations: of Caesar

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Caesar'. It refers to the Roman emperor, or more generally, the imperial authority. In the New Testament, it often refers to the reigning emperor, such as Augustus or Tiberius, or the office itself.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Latin 'Caesar', originally a Roman family name, which became a title for the Roman emperors after Julius Caesar. The name's ultimate origin is uncertain, possibly from 'caesaries' (hair) or 'caesus' (cut).

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3913

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-fro-SY-neen

Translations: madness, insanity, folly, a madness, an insanity, a folly

Notes: This word refers to a state of mental derangement, madness, or extreme folly. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'beyond', and 'φροσύνη' (phrosynē), meaning 'soundness of mind' or 'prudence'. Thus, it literally means 'beside one's mind' or 'beyond one's mind'. It describes a lack of good sense or a state of being out of one's right mind.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ, ΜΑΝΙΑ, ΑΝΟΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ (paraphrosynē) is derived from the preposition παρά (pará), meaning 'beside' or 'beyond', and φροσύνη (phrosynē), meaning 'soundness of mind' or 'prudence', which itself comes from φρονέω (phroneō), 'to think'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G3845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-BEE-nai

Translations: to transgress, to violate, to go beyond, to pass over, to step aside

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'παραβαίνω' (parabainō). It means 'to transgress,' 'to violate,' or 'to go beyond' a boundary, rule, or command. It is often used in contexts of breaking laws or commandments, or stepping outside of what is permitted or proper. For example, one might 'παραβῆναι' a law or a covenant.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΥΩ

G5013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tah-peh-noh-SAN-tos

Translations: having humbled, having abased, having brought low, having made humble, having humiliated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ταπεινόω', meaning 'to humble' or 'to bring low'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It indicates someone or something that has performed the action of humbling or being humbled, often implying a state of lowliness or abasement. It can be used to describe a person who has humbled themselves or who has been humbled by another.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΕΞΟΥΔΕΝΟΩ

Etymology: The word ταπεινόω (tapeinoō) comes from the adjective ταπεινός (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly', 'humble', or 'abased'. This adjective itself is related to the concept of being on the ground or low to the ground.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BOO-loh-my

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to intend, to purpose

Notes: This verb expresses a deliberate and considered wish or intention, often implying a choice or purpose. It is used to indicate what someone wants to do or what they intend to happen. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'I wish to go' or 'He intends to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΘΕΛΩ

Etymology: From the root *βουλ- (boul-), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'. It is related to the noun βουλή (boulē), meaning 'will, counsel, plan'.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G3895

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-pep-TOH-ke-nai

Translations: to fall away, to fall beside, to deviate, to err, to transgress

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb πίπτω (pipto), meaning 'to fall'. It describes the action of falling away from a standard, a path, or a duty, implying deviation, error, or transgression. It is used to express the idea of straying or going astray from what is right or expected.

Inflection: Perfect Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΛΑΝΑΩ, ΑΜΑΡΤΑΝΩ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAS-ses-thai

Translations: to guard, to keep, to observe, to protect, to watch over, to beware, to take heed

Notes: This word means to guard, keep, or observe. It is often used in the context of keeping laws, commands, or traditions, implying careful adherence and protection from violation. It can also mean to protect someone or something, or to be on guard against something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1704

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: em-MEH-noo-see

Translations: they remain, they abide, they continue, they persevere, they endure, they keep, they stand fast

Notes: This word means to remain in a place, condition, or relationship; to abide, continue, or persevere. It implies steadfastness and endurance, often in the sense of adhering to something or someone. It can be used to describe people who continue to follow a teaching, remain loyal to a covenant, or persist in a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ

G1295

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-keh-LEH-oo-mai

Translations: to exhort, to command, to urge, to encourage

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'διά' (through, thoroughly) and 'κελεύω' (to command, order). It means to give a command or exhortation with emphasis or thoroughness, often implying a strong urging or encouragement. It can be used to describe someone giving a detailed order or passionately encouraging others to action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-ay-SAH-sthai

Translations: to make for oneself, to do for oneself, to cause to be done, to perform, to accomplish

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). In the middle voice, the action of the verb is performed by the subject for its own benefit or with a direct involvement of the subject in the result. Therefore, it means 'to make for oneself' or 'to do for oneself', often implying an action that the subject causes to happen or performs for their own advantage or interest.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΙ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΣΘΑΙ

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-DEH-mee-ah

Translations: no one, nothing, not any, no

Notes: ΜΗΔΕΜΙΑ is the feminine singular form of the negative indefinite pronoun/adjective ΜΗΔΕΙΣ. It is a compound word formed from ΜΗΔΕ (mēde), meaning 'not even', and ΜΙΑ (mia), meaning 'one'. It is used to express a complete negation, indicating 'not even one' or 'no one/nothing at all'. It functions similarly to 'no' or 'not any' when modifying a noun, or as a pronoun meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle ΜΗ (mē), meaning 'not', and ΕΙΣ (heis), meaning 'one'. The particle ΜΗ is used for subjective or conditional negations, often in prohibitions or with infinitives and participles. ΕΙΣ is the numeral 'one'.

G5016

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ta-ra-KHEE

Translations: trouble, disturbance, a disturbance, agitation, commotion, a commotion

Notes: This word refers to a state of agitation, disturbance, or commotion. It can describe a physical upheaval, a mental or emotional distress, or a general state of disorder. It is often used to describe a tumultuous situation or a feeling of inner turmoil.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΟΡΥΒΟΣ, ΣΥΓΧΥΣΙΣ, ΑΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ταράσσω (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble, disturb, stir up'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G4388

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-te-THEE-nai

Translations: to set before, to propose, to display, to put forth, to present, to place in front

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. As an aorist passive infinitive, it means 'to be set before', 'to be proposed', or 'to be displayed'. It describes an action where something is placed or presented in a prominent position for others to see or consider.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word προτίθημι (protithēmi) is derived from the prefix πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.

G1297

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-TAHG-mah

Translations: ordinance, a decree, an edict, a command, a regulation

Notes: This word refers to an official order, decree, or regulation issued by an authority. It signifies a formal command or law that must be obeyed. It is often used in contexts of governmental or divine mandates.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the verb διατάσσω (diatassō), meaning 'to arrange, appoint, command', which is formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and τάσσω (tassō, 'to arrange, order').

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nen

Translations: the inhabited earth, the world, the Roman Empire

Notes: This word refers to the inhabited earth, often specifically the Roman Empire during the time of the New Testament. It can also refer more generally to the entire world or a specific region that is populated. It is used to describe the scope of events or authority, such as a decree affecting the whole world.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē) is the feminine present passive participle of the verb ΟΙΚΕΩ (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' or 'that which is inhabited'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AR-khee-eh-REFS

Translations: high priest, a high priest

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'ἀρχή' (arche), meaning 'first' or 'chief', and 'ἱερεύς' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It refers to the chief priest, the highest religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals. It can also refer to a chief priest in a more general sense. It is used in sentences to denote the specific individual holding this esteemed religious office.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΕΥΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'beginning, rule, chief', and ἱερεύς (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It literally means 'chief priest' or 'first priest'.

G3176

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-giss-toss

Translations: greatest, largest, most important, very great

Notes: This word is a superlative adjective, meaning 'greatest' or 'largest'. It is used to describe something that is supreme in size, importance, or degree. It functions similarly to the English 'most' or '-est' suffix when comparing things.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Koine Greek word μέγας (megas), meaning 'great'. ΜΕΓΙΣΤΟΣ is the superlative form of μέγας.

G5227

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: HOO-pah-toss

Translations: consul, a consul, highest, supreme

Notes: This word primarily refers to a 'consul', one of the two chief magistrates of the ancient Roman Republic. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'highest' or 'supreme', indicating the top rank or position. In a sentence, it would describe something or someone at the highest level of authority or importance, or specifically refer to the Roman official.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hyper, 'over, above') and the root of ἄρχω (archō, 'to rule'). It literally means 'one who is above' or 'one who rules from above', referring to the highest authority.

G5500

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kheh-roh-toh-nee-THEYS

Translations: having been appointed, having been chosen, having been elected, having been ordained

Notes: This word is a passive participle, meaning 'having been appointed' or 'having been chosen by a show of hands.' It describes someone who has been selected or designated for a role or office, often through a public vote or a formal process of selection. It is a compound word derived from 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand,' and 'τείνω' (teinō), meaning 'to stretch out,' referring to the ancient practice of voting by stretching out the hand.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word χειροτονέω (cheirotoneō) is a compound of χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand,' and τείνω (teinō), meaning 'to stretch out.' It originally referred to the act of voting by stretching out the hand, a common practice in ancient Greek democracies. Over time, its meaning evolved to include the general sense of appointing or electing someone to an office.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ai-tay-SAH-meh-nohn

Translations: of those who asked, of those who requested, of those who demanded

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αἰτέω', meaning 'to ask', 'to request', or 'to demand'. As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who asked' or 'those who requested' something. It functions like a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of' or implying 'belonging to' or 'from' the group performing the action of asking.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'αἰτέω' (aiteō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'αἴρω' (airō, 'to lift, take up'). It has been used in Greek from ancient times to refer to the act of asking or requesting.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAH-see

Translations: (to) all, (to) every, (to) whole, (to) any, (of) all, (of) every, (of) whole, (of) any

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all,' 'every,' 'whole,' or 'any.' It is used to describe a quantity or entirety. For example, it can be used with a noun to mean 'all the people' or 'every house.' In the provided examples, 'ΠΑΣΗ ΧΩΡΑ' means 'in every land' or 'in all the land,' indicating its use to modify a feminine singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter; or Plural, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'all' or 'every.'

G4514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys

Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans

Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.

G2505

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thah

Translations: as, just as, according as

Notes: ΚΑΘΑ is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'as' or 'just as'. It is used to introduce a comparison or to indicate the manner in which something is done, similar to 'according as'. It does not change its form based on gender, number, or case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑ is a contraction of κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ἅ (ha, 'which things'). It is related to the longer forms καθάπερ (kathaper) and καθώς (kathos).

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-khor-EH-sa

Translations: I allowed, I permitted, I granted, I conceded, I forgave

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb χωρέω (chōreō, meaning 'to make room' or 'to go'). In its combined form, it means to make room for someone or something, thereby allowing, permitting, or conceding. It can also carry the sense of forgiving or pardoning, by 'making room' for a fault to pass.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G0154

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ai-tee-SAH-meh-noys

Translations: having asked, having requested, having demanded, to those who asked, to those who requested, to those who demanded

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to ask' or 'to request'. It describes an action that has already been completed by the subject. In this form, it indicates a plural dative case, meaning 'to those who have asked' or 'for those who have requested'. It functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to provide more information about the action of asking.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine or Neuter, Plural, Dative

Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΆΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ΖΗΤΈΩ

G5483

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kha-ri-ZOH-meh-nos

Translations: granting, giving freely, showing favor, forgiving, bestowing, pardoning

Notes: This word is a present participle, active voice, middle/passive form, derived from the verb 'χαρίζω'. It describes the action of granting something as a favor, giving freely, showing kindness or favor, or forgiving. It implies an act of grace or benevolence. It can be used to describe someone who is in the act of granting or forgiving.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Middle/Passive, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ

Etymology: From 'χάρις' (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. The verb 'χαρίζω' means 'to show favor' or 'to do something agreeable'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-lee-THEEN

Translations: I was comforted, I was exhorted, I was encouraged, I was entreated, I was appealed to, I was called alongside

Notes: This is a verb meaning to be comforted, exhorted, or encouraged. It is the first person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō), which is a compound word formed from παρά (para, "alongside") and καλέω (kaleō, "to call"). Thus, it literally means "to be called alongside" for help, comfort, or instruction. It describes the state of receiving comfort, encouragement, or an appeal.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΗΘΗΝ, ΑΝΕΠΑΥΘΗΝ

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ax-EE-oos

Translations: worthy, deserving, fit, a worthy one, a deserving one, a fit one

Notes: This word describes someone or something as having the appropriate value, merit, or suitability for a particular purpose or position. It indicates that the subject is deserving of something, whether it be honor, punishment, or a specific role. It can be used to describe people who are worthy of respect or things that are worthy of consideration.

Inflection: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΡΕΠΗΣ

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: KREE-nohn

Translations: judging, discerning, deciding, condemning, ruling, a judge, a ruler

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'κρίνω'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can function as a verb, meaning 'judging' or 'deciding', or as an adjective, meaning 'one who judges' or 'a judge'. It often implies the act of making a decision, discerning between right and wrong, or exercising authority in a judicial capacity. It can also carry the sense of condemning or ruling.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G0659

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-toong-KHA-neen

Translations: to fail, to miss, to be unsuccessful, to be disappointed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō, meaning 'to hit the mark', 'to obtain', or 'to happen'). Therefore, it literally means 'to miss the mark' or 'to fail to obtain'. It is used to describe the act of not succeeding in an endeavor, falling short of a goal, or being disappointed in an outcome.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to hit the mark', 'to obtain', or 'to happen'. The combination signifies a movement away from success or hitting the target.

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: ep-AY-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as, seeing that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause for the main clause. It can be translated as 'since,' 'because,' or 'for,' indicating a logical connection between events or statements. It is often found at the beginning of a sentence or clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΓΑΡ, ΕΠΕΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi, 'upon, on') and the conjunction ἘΠΕΙ (epei, 'when, since'), with the particle ΔΗ (de, 'indeed, now'). It emphasizes the causal relationship.

G5083

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: teh-tay-RAY-meh-nah

Translations: kept, guarded, observed, preserved, things kept, things guarded, things observed, things preserved

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been kept' or 'that which has been kept'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being kept, guarded, or preserved. As a participle, it can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to the 'things' that have been kept. In this form, it is plural, neuter, and can be nominative, accusative, or vocative.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΦΥΛΑΣΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ΔΙΑΤΕΤΗΡΗΜΕΝΑ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOH-smoh

Translations: to the world, for the world, to an adornment, for an adornment, to an order, for an order

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'κόσμος' (kosmos). It refers to an orderly arrangement, an adornment, or the world itself, often implying the created universe or humanity. In its dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to' or 'for' the world, order, or adornment, depending on the context. It can also be used to indicate location or instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'κόσμος' (kosmos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb 'κοσμέω' (kosmeō), meaning 'to arrange, to order, to adorn'. It originally referred to order or arrangement, particularly in military or governmental contexts, and later came to mean 'adornment' or 'decoration'. From there, it evolved to describe the ordered universe, and by extension, the world.

G3965

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pat-ree-AH

Translations: family, clan, lineage, ancestry, a family, a clan

Notes: This word refers to a family, clan, or lineage, emphasizing the descent from a common father or ancestor. It can denote a group of people related by blood, a tribe, or a nation. It is often used in contexts describing genealogical lines or the divisions of a people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΟΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word πατήρ (patēr), meaning 'father'. It refers to a group descended from a common father or ancestor.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-rang-GEL-loh

Translations: command, order, instruct, charge, give orders, announce, proclaim

Notes: This verb means to give a command, order, or instruction. It implies a formal or authoritative directive. It can be used in various contexts, such as a general giving orders to soldiers, a teacher instructing students, or a ruler issuing a decree. It often takes an infinitive or a dependent clause to specify what is commanded.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραγγέλλω (parangéllō), formed from παρά (pará, 'beside, by') and ἀγγέλλω (angéllō, 'to announce, report'). The combination suggests 'to announce alongside' or 'to transmit an order'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G5363

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-lan-throh-PEE-ah

Translations: love for mankind, philanthropy, humanity, kindness, a love for mankind, a philanthropy, a humanity, a kindness

Notes: This word is a compound noun meaning 'love for mankind' or 'philanthropy'. It combines 'φίλος' (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and 'ἄνθρωπος' (anthropos), meaning 'man' or 'human being'. It describes a benevolent disposition or action towards humanity in general, often implying kindness, compassion, or generosity. It can be used to describe a general attitude or specific acts of kindness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΑ, ΑΓΑΠΗ, ΕΥΕΡΓΕΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΙΛΑΝΘΡΩΠΙΑ is a compound of φίλος (philos), meaning 'loving' or 'dear', and ἄνθρωπος (anthropos), meaning 'man' or 'human being'. It literally means 'love of man' or 'love for humanity'.

G1933

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-pee-eh-kee-STEH-ron

Translations: more gentle, more reasonable, more fair, more equitable, more mild

Notes: This word is the neuter singular comparative form of the adjective 'epieikes', meaning 'gentle' or 'reasonable'. As a comparative, it indicates a greater degree of these qualities. It can be used to describe something that is more gentle, more fair, or more equitable than something else, often in a moral or ethical sense. It can function as a predicate adjective or an adverb.

Inflection: Comparative, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ἩΣΥΧΩΤΕΡΟΝ

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

G1175

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: day-see-dah-mo-NEE-as

Translations: of superstition, of religion, of reverence, of fear of the gods

Notes: This word refers to a state of being overly religious or superstitious, often implying a fear of the gods or supernatural powers. It can be used in both a positive sense, meaning reverence or piety, and a negative sense, meaning excessive or irrational superstition. In the provided form, it is the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΘΡΗΣΚΕΙΑ

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-oos

Translations: own, one's own, their own, his own, private, peculiar

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own' or 'private'. It is often used substantively, meaning 'one's own people' or 'one's own possessions/things'. It emphasizes a personal connection or belonging.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ, ἘΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self'. It developed to signify something belonging to oneself or peculiar to an individual.

G2894

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-loh-NEE-ohn

Translations: of colonies

Notes: This word refers to a colony, which in the ancient world was a settlement established by a parent state in a foreign territory. It is used to describe the inhabitants or the territory of such a settlement. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of colonies'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΚΟΛΩΝΙΑ (kolōnia) is derived from the Latin word 'colonia', which means 'a settlement, a colony'. It is related to the Latin verb 'colere', meaning 'to cultivate, to inhabit'.

G1413

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: doo-NAS-tas

Translations: ruler, a ruler, potentate, a potentate, lord, a lord, prince, a prince

Notes: This word refers to a powerful person, a ruler, or a potentate. It describes someone who holds authority or power, often in a governmental or influential capacity. It can be used to refer to kings, princes, or other high-ranking officials.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΥΝΑΣΤΗΣ (dynastēs) comes from the Greek word δύναμαι (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It refers to one who possesses power or authority.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn

Translations: of one's own, of private things, of peculiar things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἴδιος' (idios). It refers to something that is one's own, private, or peculiar to an individual or group. It is often used to emphasize possession or a unique characteristic. For example, it can mean 'their own' or 'his own' when referring to possessions or personal matters.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΩΝ, ἙΑΥΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἴδιος (idios) comes from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰ-yo-, meaning 'one's own'. It is related to the reflexive pronoun 'self' and emphasizes personal possession or distinctiveness.

G1449

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eng-GRA-psas-thai

Translations: to enroll oneself, to register oneself, to be enrolled, to be registered

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'ἐγγράφω'. It means 'to enroll oneself' or 'to register oneself', emphasizing the action being done by or for the subject. It can also be translated passively as 'to be enrolled' or 'to be registered'. It is often used in contexts of official records, lists, or citizenship.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΓΡΑΦΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΓΡΑΦΕΣΘΑΙ

G1547

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ek-KEE-meh-non

Translations: lying out, exposed, set forth, displayed, a thing set forth, an exposed thing

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb ἐκκεῖμαι (ekkeimai), meaning 'to lie out' or 'to be exposed.' As a participle, it describes something that is in the state of being laid out, exposed, or set forth. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, referring to 'that which is laid out' or 'an exposed thing.'

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΚΤΕΘΕΙΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ἐκκεῖμαι (ekkeimai) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb κεῖμαι (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid.' Thus, it literally means 'to lie out' or 'to be laid out.'

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LAHT-ton

Translations: less, smaller, fewer, a less thing, a smaller thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'ἐλάττων', meaning 'less', 'smaller', or 'fewer'. It is used to indicate a lesser quantity, size, or number when comparing two things. It can function substantively, meaning 'a less thing' or 'that which is less'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΟΛΙΓΩΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἐλάττων' is the comparative form of 'ἐλαχύς' (small, little), which is related to 'ὀλίγος' (few, little). It comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small' or 'little'.

G5144

Part of Speech: Numeral

Sounds like: tree-AH-kon-tah

Translations: thirty

Notes: This word means 'thirty' and is used to denote the number 30. It functions as an indeclinable numeral, meaning its form does not change regardless of the gender, case, or number of the noun it modifies. It is typically used to quantify nouns, indicating a quantity of thirty units.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From τρεῖς (treis, “three”) and a suffix related to -κοντα (-konta, “-ty”), indicating multiples of ten. It is cognate with Latin triginta and English thirty.

G3606