2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G0147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THROI-sen

Translations: gathered, assembled, collected, mustered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gather', 'to assemble', or 'to collect'. It is used to describe the act of bringing people or things together into one place. The form 'ἨΘΡΟΙΣΕΝ' specifically indicates that someone 'gathered' or 'assembled' something in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀθροίζω (athroizō) comes from the Greek word ἄθροος (athroos), meaning 'crowded together' or 'in a mass'. It is related to the word θρόος (throos), which refers to a noise or clamor, suggesting a crowd.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G5491

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-los

Translations: lip, a lip, shore, a shore, bank, a bank

Notes: This word refers to a lip, as in a part of the mouth. It can also refer to the edge or border of something, such as the shore or bank of a body of water. It is used to describe the physical edge or boundary of an object or geographical feature.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΕΙΛΗ, ΑΚΤΗ, ΟΧΘΗ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰei- meaning 'to gape, yawn'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G2615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-krah-TAY-sai

Translations: to overpower, to master, to prevail against, to take possession of, to seize, to subdue

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold'. Together, it means to gain complete mastery or control over something or someone, often implying a forceful or decisive action. It describes the act of overcoming an opponent or taking firm possession of a place or thing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΚΡΑΤΕΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to hold power'.

G223

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-droo

Translations: of Alexander

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'Alexander'. It refers to a person named Alexander, most notably Alexander the Great, the Macedonian king who conquered much of the ancient world. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to 'Alexander's' or 'belonging to Alexander' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek name Alexandros, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It is a compound of 'alexein' (to defend, help) and 'aner' (man, male).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G0932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-ah

Translations: kingdom, reign, royal power, a kingdom

Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, royal rule, or sovereignty. It can denote the territory ruled by a king, the act of reigning, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal authority. It is often used in the New Testament to refer to the 'kingdom of God' or 'kingdom of heaven'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΟΝ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to the domain or authority of a king.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EHL-then

Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out, he came out, she came out, it came out, he departed, she departed, it departed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has exited or left a specific area.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G1516

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-ray-nee-KOYS

Translations: (to) peaceful, (by) peaceful, (with) peaceful, (to) peaceable, (by) peaceable, (with) peaceable

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'peaceful' or 'peaceable'. It describes something or someone that is characterized by peace or promotes peace. It is often used to describe words, actions, or people that are intended to bring about peace or reconciliation, as seen in the example usage where 'peaceful words' are sent.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΙΡΗΝΟΠΟΙΟΣ, ΕΙΡΗΝΕΥΤΗΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1785

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: en-toh-LEE

Translations: commandment, a commandment, command, an order, instruction, a precept

Notes: This word refers to a command, an order, or an instruction, often with a sense of divine or authoritative decree. It is frequently used in religious contexts to denote a divine law or precept that must be obeyed. It can be used in sentences like 'He gave a commandment' or 'They kept the commandments.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΓΜΑ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΗ, ΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐντολή (entolḗ, “command, order”), from ἐντέλλω (entéllō, “I command, enjoin”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + τέλλω (téllō, “I accomplish, perform”).

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G4876

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-an-TAN

Translations: to meet, to encounter, to come together, to happen upon

Notes: This word means to meet or encounter someone or something, often implying a coming together or a confrontation. It can be used in various contexts, such as meeting a person, encountering an obstacle, or coming together for a purpose like battle. It is the present active infinitive form of the verb.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΝΤΑΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From σύν (syn, 'with') and ἀντάω (antaō, 'to meet, to come opposite'). It literally means 'to meet with'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-poh-REH-yoo-eh-toh

Translations: was entering, was going in, entered, went in

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to travel'. Therefore, it means 'to go into' or 'to enter'. It describes an action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It can be used to describe a person or thing entering a place, such as a house, a city, or a temple.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word εἰσπορεύομαι (eisporeuomai) is a compound of the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to travel'. The verb πορεύομαι itself is derived from the noun πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'.

G4425

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PTO-le-MAH-ee-doss

Translations: of Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais was an ancient city on the coast of Phoenicia, known today as Acre or Akko in modern-day Israel. It was a significant port city during the Hellenistic and Roman periods, often mentioned in historical and biblical texts. The name 'Ptolemais' was given to it by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, an Egyptian pharaoh, in the 3rd century BC.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The city was originally known as Akko. It was renamed Ptolemais by Ptolemy II Philadelphus, a king of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in ancient Egypt, in the 3rd century BC. The name 'Ptolemais' is derived from his name.

G657

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-TAS-seh

Translations: he dismissed, he sent away, he bade farewell, he took leave, he renounced

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange' or 'to appoint'. In this form, it means to dismiss, send away, or bid farewell to someone or something. It can also mean to renounce or take leave of something. It describes an action of separation or detachment.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀποτάσσω (apotassō) is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb τάσσω (tassō), meaning 'to arrange', 'to put in order', or 'to appoint'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G1166

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEIK-san

Translations: they showed, they pointed out, they displayed, they made known, they proved

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'δεικνυμι'. It means 'they showed' or 'they pointed out'. It describes an action completed in the past, where a group of people or things revealed or presented something to someone or something else. It can also imply demonstrating or proving something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΦΑΝΕΡΩΣΑΝ, ἘΔΗΛΩΣΑΝ, ἘΠΕΔΕΙΞΑΝ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G1708

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: en-eh-py-rees-MEH-non

Translations: burned, burnt, set on fire, consumed by fire, a burned thing, a burnt thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been set on fire' or 'having been burned'. It describes something that has undergone the action of being burned or consumed by fire. It can function as a verb in a perfect passive construction or as an adjective describing a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΑΙΩ, ΦΛΕΓΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-thee-REE-meh-nah

Translations: pulled down, torn down, destroyed, overthrown, taken down, cast down, demolished, removed, abolished

Notes: This word describes something that has been pulled down, torn down, or destroyed. It is often used in the context of structures or buildings being demolished, or of power being overthrown. It can also refer to the removal or abolition of something.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΕΡΗΜΟΩ

Etymology: From κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. Thus, literally 'to take down'.

G4496

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ehr-RHEEM-meh-nah

Translations: thrown down, cast away, scattered, things thrown down, things cast away

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb ῥίπτω (rhiptō), meaning "to throw" or "to cast." As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that has been thrown down or cast away. It indicates a completed action with a continuing result, often implying a state of being discarded or abandoned.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΛΗΜΕΝΑ, ἘΚΒΕΒΛΗΜΕΝΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3598

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oh-DOH

Translations: to a way, to a road, to a journey, to a path, to a course, to a manner, to a way of life, to a custom, to a means, to a method, to a direction, to a journey, to a travel, to a passage, to a street, to a highway, to a route, to a track, to a trail

Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, and can also metaphorically mean a journey, course of action, or manner of life. It is used to indicate movement along a physical route or to describe a particular custom or method. In this dative form, it often indicates the recipient or direction of an action, or the means by which something is done.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΚΕΛΕΥΘΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

G1334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ay-GAY-san-toh

Translations: they related, they narrated, they recounted, they described, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'διηγέομαι'. It means to relate, narrate, recount, or describe something in detail. It is used when a group of people tell a story, give an account, or provide a detailed description of events.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΚΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G5599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pso-GHEE-sai

Translations: to blame, to find fault, to criticize, to censure

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to blame' or 'to find fault with'. It describes the act of expressing disapproval or criticism towards someone or something. It can be used in contexts where someone is being accused or held responsible for a mistake or wrongdoing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΨΟΓΙΖΩ (psogizo) is derived from the noun ψόγος (psogos), meaning 'blame' or 'reproach'.

G4601

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-see-GAY-sen

Translations: he was silent, she was silent, it was silent, he became silent, she became silent, it became silent

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be silent' or 'to become silent'. It describes the action of someone or something ceasing to speak or make noise. It is used to indicate a state of quietness or a deliberate act of refraining from speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΙΩΠΑΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΙΓΑΩ (sigaō) is derived from σιγή (sigē), meaning 'silence'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G2564

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ka-loo-MEH-noo

Translations: called, named, a called, a named, of the called, of the named

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'to call' or 'to name'. It describes someone or something that is being called or named. It often functions like an adjective, modifying a noun and indicating that the noun is known by a particular name or title. For example, 'the river called Eleutheros' or 'the place named Gilgal'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Passive

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΥ

G1658

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: eh-LEH-theh-ROO

Translations: of a free man, of the free, of a freeman

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective or noun 'ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ' (eleutheros), meaning 'free' or 'a free man'. As an adjective, it describes something or someone as being free. As a noun, it refers to a person who is free, not enslaved. In its genitive form, it typically indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of a free person' or 'belonging to the free'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἈΝΕΞΟΥΣΙΟΣ, ἈΝΕΜΠΟΔΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ἘΛΕΥΘΕΡΟΣ' (eleutheros) is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to grow' or 'to belong to the people'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to denote freedom, both political and personal.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-STREF-sen

Translations: he returned, she returned, it returned, he turned back, she turned back, it turned back

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to turn around,' 'to turn back,' or 'to return.' It is often used to describe a physical turning or a return to a previous location or state. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to convert' or 'to repent,' indicating a turning away from one way of life and towards another. In the provided examples, it describes someone returning to a place or their people.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΥΠΟΝΟΣΤΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koo-ree-YOO-sen

Translations: he ruled, he took control, he gained mastery, he became master, he had dominion

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist tense, meaning 'he ruled' or 'he took control'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. It is often used to indicate someone gaining power, authority, or dominion over a person, place, or situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ (kyrieuō) is derived from the noun ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios), meaning 'lord' or 'master'. It signifies the act of being a lord or master, or exercising the authority of one.

G4580

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: seh-LEW-kee-as

Translations: of Seleucia

Notes: Seleucia was a prominent city in ancient Syria, located on the Orontes River near the Mediterranean Sea. It was founded by Seleucus I Nicator, one of Alexander the Great's generals, and served as a major port and administrative center during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The word is used to refer to the city in a possessive or origin context.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Seleucia' is derived from the name of its founder, Seleucus I Nicator, a general of Alexander the Great and the founder of the Seleucid Empire.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-ra-tha-las-SEE-as

Translations: coastal, by the sea, maritime, of the coast

Notes: This word describes something that is located near or by the sea, or pertains to the coast. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their proximity to the sea or their nature as being coastal. For example, it could describe a coastal city or a region by the sea.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΛΙΟΣ, ΕΝΑΛΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and 'θάλασσα' (thalassa), meaning 'sea'. The suffix '-ιος' forms an adjective.

G1260

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-loh-GHEE-zeh-toh

Translations: he was reasoning, he was considering, he was pondering, he was discussing, he was debating

Notes: This word describes the act of reasoning, considering, or pondering deeply, often internally or with others. It implies a process of thought, deliberation, or even debate. It is typically used to describe someone thinking through a problem, a situation, or a question.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΘΥΜΕΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΛΛΟΓΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΣΚΕΠΤΟΜΑΙ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G4934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-THOH-meh-tha

Translations: let us agree, let us make a covenant, let us come to terms, let us arrange, let us put together

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Together, it means 'to put together with' or 'to agree'. It is used to express a mutual agreement, a covenant, or a shared arrangement between parties. It implies a collective decision or action.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (syn-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-THEH-kane

Translations: covenant, a covenant, testament, a testament, will, a will, disposition, an arrangement

Notes: This word refers to a covenant, agreement, or testament, often implying a formal arrangement or disposition made by one party, which may or may not be reciprocated. In a religious context, it frequently refers to God's covenant with humanity. It can also refer to a last will and testament.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΘΗΚΗ, ΟΡΚΟΣ, ΔΙΑΤΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to set'. It originally referred to an arrangement or disposition, and later came to mean a covenant or testament.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G220

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-lek-SAN-dros

Translations: Alexander

Notes: This is a common Greek proper name, meaning 'defender of mankind' or 'protector of men'. It refers to various historical figures, most notably Alexander the Great, the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon. It is used as a subject in sentences, indicating the person performing an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'Alexandros' is derived from the Greek verb ἀλέξω (alexō), meaning 'to ward off, to defend, to help', and ἀνήρ (anēr), meaning 'man' (genitive ἀνδρός, andros). Thus, it means 'defender of mankind'.

G3338

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-meh-MEH-lee-mai

Translations: I have regretted, I have repented, I have changed my mind

Notes: This word describes a state of having regretted or repented, indicating a change of mind or a feeling of sorrow for past actions. It is often used to express a deep sense of remorse or a decision to alter one's course of action due to regret.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΜΕΛΩ (melō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to be a concern'. Thus, it literally means 'to care for afterwards' or 'to have a concern after', leading to the sense of regret or repentance.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: DOOS

Translations: giving, having given, a giver, one who gives

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to give'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of giving, or has already given. It can function like an adjective, modifying a noun, or like an adverb, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the man giving the gift' or 'he spoke, giving a warning'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩΝ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ok-TEI-nai

Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀποκτείνω'. It means 'to kill' or 'to slay'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to express purpose, result, or as the object of another verb. For example, it can be translated as 'to kill' in a sentence like 'he came to kill'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: From ἀπό (apo, 'from, off') and κτείνω (kteinō, 'to kill'). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of the verb 'to kill'.

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rin

Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks

Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-thoo-MAY-sai

Translations: to desire, to long for, to covet, to lust after

Notes: This word describes a strong desire or longing for something, often with an implication of eagerness or intensity. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, meaning to genuinely desire something good, or to covet something belonging to another, or even to lust after something forbidden. It is used to express a deep yearning or strong inclination towards an object or action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΠΟΘΕΩ, ὈΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ, ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ

G0851

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-feh-LOH-meh-nos

Translations: taking away, removing, cutting off, depriving, having taken away, having removed

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'ἀφαιρέω' (aphairéō), meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and often functions adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of another action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun. It implies an action of separation or deprivation.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ἈΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ἈΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-then

Translations: entered, went in, came in, came into, went into

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go/come in'. It describes the action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It is often used to indicate arrival or penetration into a place or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word εἰσέρχομαι (eiserchomai) is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-theh-toh

Translations: put around, place around, put on, clothe oneself with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Thus, it means 'to put around' or 'to place around'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often implies putting something around oneself, such as clothing, ornaments, or a crown. It describes the action of encircling or adorning.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΦΟΡΕΩ

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-AH-day-mah

Translations: diadem, a diadem, crown, a crown

Notes: A diadem is a type of crown, specifically a headband or fillet worn as a symbol of royalty or authority. It signifies sovereign power and is typically worn by kings, queens, or other rulers. It is often used in contexts describing the investiture or display of royal authority.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διάδημα (diádēma), from διαδέω (diadéō, “to bind around”), from διά (diá, “through, across”) + δέω (déō, “to bind”). It refers to something bound around the head.

G1238

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-DEE-mah-tah

Translations: diadems, crowns

Notes: This word refers to a diadem or a crown, specifically a royal headband or a symbol of sovereignty. It is often associated with kingship or imperial authority. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia, "through, across") and δέω (deō, "to bind"), referring to something bound around the head.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ (diadēma) comes from the Greek verb διαδέω (diadeō), meaning "to bind around." It refers to a band or fillet bound around the head, which became a symbol of royalty.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0646

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAH-toon

Translations: they were revolting, they were rebelling, they were deserting, they were withdrawing, they were apostatizing

Notes: This word describes the act of revolting, rebelling, or withdrawing from allegiance or a previous state. It implies a departure or defection, often with a sense of abandonment or disloyalty. It is used to describe groups of people who are in the process of breaking away or rebelling against authority.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ἈΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G5157

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tro-POH-sah-toh

Translations: he routed, he put to flight, he turned to flight, he turned, he changed

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, middle or passive indicative form of the verb 'τρέπω' (trepō). In the middle voice, it means 'he turned himself' or 'he changed himself'. In the passive voice, it means 'he was turned' or 'he was changed'. However, in the context of warfare, as seen in the examples, it commonly takes on the meaning of 'he routed' or 'he put to flight' the enemy, implying that the enemy was made to turn and flee.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΥΓΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΗΤΤΑΩ

G4626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: skeh-PAS-theh-nai

Translations: to be covered, to be sheltered, to be protected, to be hidden

Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive, meaning 'to be covered' or 'to be protected'. It describes the action of someone or something being covered, sheltered, or protected by another. It is often used in contexts where a person or thing seeks refuge or concealment.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: From the root ΣΚΕΠΩ, meaning 'to cover' or 'to shelter'. It is related to the idea of providing a covering or protection.

G3794

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: okh-yoo-ROH-mah-sin

Translations: (to) strongholds, (to) fortresses, (to) fortifications, (to) bulwarks

Notes: This word refers to a stronghold, fortress, or fortification. It describes a place that is strongly fortified or secured, often for defensive purposes. It can also refer to a bulwark or a strong defense in a more figurative sense, such as a spiritual or intellectual stronghold. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the recipient or location of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΠΥΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word Ὀχύρωμα (ochyroma) comes from the verb ὀχυρόω (ochyroo), meaning 'to make strong, to fortify,' which in turn derives from ὀχυρός (ochyros), meaning 'strong, firm, secure.'

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1542

Part of Speech: Adjective, Numeral

Sounds like: heh-kah-TOS-too

Translations: of the hundredth, hundredth

Notes: This word is an ordinal numeral adjective meaning 'hundredth'. It is used to indicate a position in a sequence, such as 'the hundredth year' or 'the hundredth day'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case to specify a particular year, as in 'of the hundredth year'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: From the Greek word ἑκατόν (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred'. The suffix -στου indicates an ordinal number.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nays

Translations: to those, for those, in those, with those, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective meaning 'that' or 'those'. It points to something distant in time or space from the speaker. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'Ἐκεῖνος' (ekeinos) is formed from the adverb 'ἐκεῖ' (ekei), meaning 'there', combined with the pronominal suffix '-νος' (-nos).

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: gathered, collected, assembled

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb συναγω (synago). It means to gather together, collect, or assemble. It is a compound word formed from the preposition συν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb αγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead or bring together'. It is used to describe the action of bringing people or things into one place.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-po-le-MEH-sai

Translations: to wage war, to make war, to fight a war, to fight

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to wage war' or 'to fight a war'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἐκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb 'πολεμέω' (polemeō), meaning 'to make war'. It describes the act of engaging in combat or hostilities, often with the implication of carrying a conflict through to its conclusion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΕΩ, ΜΑΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΓΩΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἐκπολεμέω (ekpolemeō) is derived from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb πολεμέω (polemeō), meaning 'to make war'. The prefix ἐκ intensifies the action of making war, suggesting a full engagement or carrying out a war.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kran

Translations: highest, outermost, extreme, top, peak, summit, edge, a peak, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, tip, or extreme edge. It can refer to the highest point of a mountain, the tip of a finger, or the outermost part of something. It is used to denote the extremity or culmination of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΡΥΦΗ, ἈΚΡΟΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ak- ('sharp, pointed'). It refers to the sharp or pointed end of something, hence the meaning of 'highest' or 'extreme'.

G3180

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mee-kha-NAS

Translations: machines, devices, contrivances, schemes, plots

Notes: This word refers to a machine, device, or contrivance, often one used for a specific purpose, such as a military engine or a tool. It can also refer to a clever plan, scheme, or plot, especially one designed to achieve a particular outcome, whether good or bad. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΝΟΙΑ, ΤΕΧΝΗ, ΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΧΑΝΗ (mēchanē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *magh- meaning 'to be able, have power'. It is related to words signifying ability, means, or contrivance.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-por-YOO-thay-san

Translations: they went, they departed, they traveled, they walked

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to go', 'to depart', 'to travel', or 'to walk'. It describes the act of moving from one place to another. The form 'ἘΠΟΡΕΥΘΗΣΑΝ' indicates that the action was completed in the past by a group of people (third person plural). It is often used to describe a journey or a movement towards a destination.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) comes from the Greek word πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'. It signifies movement along a path or route.

G3404

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mee-SOON-tes

Translations: hating, those who hate, a hater

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'hating' or 'those who hate'. It describes an ongoing action of strong dislike or enmity towards someone or something. It can function adjectivally to describe people who hate, or substantively as 'those who hate'. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'those who hate the good'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΑΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΥΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentiles, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It can be used to describe a large group of people united by common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'). It refers to a group of people sharing common customs or characteristics.

G3891

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pah-RAH-noh-moy

Translations: lawless, unlawful, wicked, unrighteous, lawless ones, wicked ones

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is without law, contrary to law, or disobedient to law. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'contrary to', and 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It can be used to describe actions or people who act in defiance of established laws, whether divine or human. When used as a noun, it refers to 'lawless people' or 'wicked individuals'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΙ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'παράνομος' (paranomos) is derived from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside, contrary to', and the noun 'νόμος' (nomos), meaning 'law'. It describes something that goes against or is outside of the law.

G0518

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEH-ee-lan

Translations: they reported, they announced, they told, they declared, they brought back word

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and the verb ἀγγέλλω (aggellō, 'to announce, to report'). It means to bring a message from someone or somewhere, to report, announce, or declare. It is often used when conveying news or information, especially when it's a report back to someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΛΕΓΩ

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-ZEV-ksas

Translations: having set out, having departed, having broken camp

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb ἀναζεύγνυμι. It means 'having set out' or 'having departed', often implying a breaking of camp or a starting of a journey. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'back', and ζεύγνυμι (zeugnymi), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'. Thus, it literally means 'to unyoke' or 'to unharness', which then came to mean 'to break camp' or 'to set out'. It describes an action completed in the past that has a bearing on the present situation.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἘΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ἈΝΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναζεύγνυμι is a compound of the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ζεύγνυμι (zeúgnymi), meaning 'to yoke' or 'to join'. The combination originally referred to unyoking animals from a wagon, which then evolved to mean 'to break camp' or 'to set out on a journey'.

G4410

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAH-ee-dah

Translations: Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais is the name of an ancient city, located on the coast of Phoenicia (modern-day Acre, Israel). It was a significant port city in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It is used in sentences to refer to the city itself, often as a destination or location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ptolemais is derived from the Greek personal name Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος), a common name among the Hellenistic kings of Egypt, particularly Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who refounded and renamed the city.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G4874

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-MIS-gayn

Translations: to mix with, to mingle with, to associate with, to have intercourse with

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to mix or mingle together with someone or something. It implies a close association or interaction, often in a social or physical sense. It can be used to describe the act of combining substances or the act of people coming together and interacting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΑΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΙΣΓΩ (misgo), meaning 'to mix' or 'to mingle'.

G1951

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-LEH-xen

Translations: chose, selected, picked out

Notes: This word means 'he/she/it chose' or 'he/she/it selected'. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to gather'. In this context, the combination implies choosing or selecting from a group, often with a specific purpose or preference. It describes an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΛΕΓΩ

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G0694

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-GY-ree-on

Translations: silver, a silver coin, money, a piece of money

Notes: This word refers to silver, either as the metal itself or, more commonly in the New Testament, as silver coins or money in general. It is often used to denote wealth or payment. For example, it can refer to the thirty pieces of silver Judas received for betraying Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἀργύριον (argyriōn), which is a diminutive of ἄργυρος (argyros), meaning 'silver'. It refers to something made of silver or a small piece of silver.

G5553

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHROO-see-on

Translations: gold, a gold, money, a money

Notes: This word refers to gold, either as the precious metal itself or, by extension, as money or wealth. It is commonly used in contexts discussing valuable possessions or currency. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΧΡΥΣΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word χρυσός (chrysos), meaning 'gold'. The suffix -ιον (-ion) is a diminutive suffix, but in this case, it often refers to a piece of gold or gold as a substance, rather than a small piece of gold.

G3578

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kseh-NEE-ah

Translations: hospitality, a hospitality, guest-gifts, presents, lodging, entertainment

Notes: This word refers to the practice of hospitality, which was a very important social custom in the ancient world. It can also refer to the gifts given to a guest or host as part of this custom, or to the lodging provided to a guest. It is used to describe the act of receiving and entertaining strangers or guests.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΞΕΝΟΔΟΧΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word ξένος (xénos), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest'. The suffix -ία is used to form abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality related to the root.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-oh-nah

Translations: more, many, a greater number, a greater amount

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, number, or degree of something. It can function as a comparative adjective, meaning 'more than' or 'greater than', or as a substantive, referring to 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Neuter or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΜΕΙΖΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'full' or 'many'. It is the comparative form of the adjective 'πολύς' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: eh-NAN-tee-on

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, in the presence of, before, against, an opposite thing

Notes: This word can function as an adjective, an adverb, or a preposition. As an adjective, it describes something as being opposite or contrary. As an adverb, it means 'opposite' or 'over against'. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case and means 'in the presence of', 'before', or 'against'. It denotes a position or action in opposition to or in front of something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΝ (in) and ἈΝΤΙΟΣ (opposite, facing).

G1793

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-TUNG-kha-non

Translations: they were meeting, they were encountering, they were interceding, they were appealing, they were petitioning

Notes: This word describes the action of meeting with someone, often with a specific purpose such as to make a request, appeal, or intercede on behalf of another. It implies a direct encounter or interaction. Depending on the context, it can mean to happen upon someone, to meet with them, or to make an earnest appeal to them.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among,' and the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen,' 'to obtain,' or 'to meet.' Thus, it literally means 'to happen upon' or 'to meet in/with.'

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-noos

Translations: of a nation, of the nation, of a people, of the people, of a Gentile, of the Gentile, of a heathen, of the heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people, or a race, often used in the context of non-Israelite peoples or Gentiles. It can also refer to a group of people united by common descent, language, or culture. In the New Testament, it frequently distinguishes between Jews and non-Jews (Gentiles).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group united by common customs.

G2531

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thohss

Translations: just as, even as, according as, as, exactly as, in proportion as, like, according to, inasmuch as

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, meaning 'as' or 'how'). It functions as an adverb or conjunction, primarily used to introduce a comparison, indicating that something is done or happens in the same way as something else. It can also express correspondence or proportion, meaning 'inasmuch as' or 'to the extent that'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and the adverb ὡς (hōs, 'as, how').

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-TEE-sen

Translations: he stood, he set, he established, he appointed, he caused to stand, he fixed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi). It means 'he stood,' 'he set,' 'he established,' or 'he appointed.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking a stand, setting something in place, or establishing a boundary or rule.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΘΗΚΕΝ, ἘΣΤΗΡΙΞΕΝ

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-roh-SY-neen

Translations: high priesthood, office of high priest

Notes: This word refers to the office or position of a high priest. It is a compound word, combining 'ἈΡΧΙ' (archi), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', with 'ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ' (hierosyne), meaning 'priesthood'. It describes the state or function of being a high priest, often in a religious or ceremonial context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἈΡΧΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (archierōsynē) is derived from the combination of the prefix ἈΡΧΙ- (archi-), meaning 'chief' or 'principal', and the noun ΙΕΡΩΣΥΝΗ (hierōsynē), meaning 'priesthood'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G5093

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: TEE-mee-ah

Translations: precious, valuable, honorable, esteemed, costly, a precious thing, valuable things

Notes: This word describes something as having great value, being highly esteemed, or being costly. It can refer to material possessions that are expensive or to qualities that are honorable and worthy of respect. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive noun itself, meaning 'a precious thing' or 'valuable things'.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΕΛΗΣ

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-GEH-sthai

Translations: to lead, to rule, to consider, to think, to believe, to regard

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb Ἡγέομαι. It means "to lead" or "to rule" in a literal sense, often implying authority or governance over others. It can also mean "to consider," "to think," or "to believe," indicating a mental process of evaluation or judgment. The specific meaning depends on the context, often taking on the sense of "to regard as" when followed by a predicate accusative.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΝΟΜΙΖΩ

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ksee-O-sen

Translations: he deemed worthy, she deemed worthy, it deemed worthy, he thought worthy, she thought worthy, it thought worthy, he asked, she asked, it asked, he requested, she requested, it requested, he claimed, she claimed, it claimed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to deem worthy,' 'to think worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to claim.' It implies that someone considered something or someone to be deserving of a particular action or status, or that they made a request based on a sense of entitlement or appropriateness. It is used in sentences to describe an action performed by a third person in the past.

Inflection: Aorist Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑἸΤΈΩ, ΔΈΟΜΑΙ, ἘΠΙΖΗΤΈΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving.' The verb form means 'to consider worthy' or 'to deem worthy.'

G0863

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-fo-ro-lo-GEE-ton

Translations: tax-exempt, untaxed, free from tribute, not subject to tribute

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'tax-exempt' or 'untaxed'. It describes something or someone that is not required to pay taxes or tribute. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'φορολογέω' (phorologeō), meaning 'to collect tribute' or 'to tax'. Thus, it literally means 'not taxed' or 'without tribute'. It is used to describe lands, people, or entities that are granted exemption from taxation.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word ἈΦΟΡΟΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ is derived from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-, 'not, without') and the verb φορολογέω (phorologeō, 'to collect tribute, to tax'). The verb φορολογέω itself comes from φόρος (phoros, 'tribute, tax') and λέγω (legō, 'to collect, to reckon').

G5116

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: toh-PAR-khee-as

Translations: of a toparchy, of a district, toparchy, a toparchy, district, a district

Notes: This word refers to a toparchy, which is a specific administrative district or region, often governed by a toparch. It is a compound word derived from 'τόπος' (place) and 'ἀρχή' (rule, dominion). It is used to denote a territorial division or a local jurisdiction. For example, one might speak of the 'toparchy of Jericho' to refer to the administrative region around Jericho.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΕΠΑΡΧΙΑ, ΔΙΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΠΑΡΧΙΑ (toparchia) is a compound of two Greek words: τόπος (topos), meaning 'place' or 'region', and ἀρχή (archē), meaning 'rule', 'dominion', or 'beginning'. Thus, it literally means 'rule of a place' or 'region of rule', referring to an administrative district.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-PHO

Translations: to brother, to a brother, to fellow believer, to a fellow believer, to countryman, to a countryman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it is also commonly used in a broader sense to refer to a fellow countryman, a fellow human being, or, especially in a religious context, a fellow believer or disciple. It is a dative form, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ἈΔΕΛΦΟΤΗΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: khai-REIN

Translations: to rejoice, to be glad, to greet, hail

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. In ancient Greek letters and documents, it was commonly used as a formal greeting, similar to saying 'Greetings!' or 'Hail!' to the recipient, expressing well-wishing or good health. It can also simply mean 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad' in other contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΙΡΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- 'to desire, to want'. It is related to words meaning 'joy' or 'gladness'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nay

Translations: (to) nation, (to) people, (to) Gentiles, (to) a nation, (to) a people

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it often refers specifically to the Gentiles, meaning non-Jewish people. It is used here in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΓΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἔθνος (ethnos) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'custom, habit'. It refers to a group of people living together, sharing common customs or characteristics, and thus forming a nation or people.

G0499

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-grah-fon

Translations: copy, a copy, duplicate, a duplicate

Notes: This word refers to a copy or a duplicate of an original document or text. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀντί' (anti), meaning 'against' or 'in place of', and 'γράφω' (grapho), meaning 'to write'. It is used to denote something that has been written out again, replicating an original.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΝ, ΑΠΟΓΡΑΦΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀντί (anti, 'against, in place of') and γράφω (graphō, 'to write'). It literally means 'that which is written against' or 'that which is written in place of' (the original).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G4773

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: syng-ge-NEH-ee

Translations: related, kindred, kinsman, kinswoman, a kinsman, a kinswoman

Notes: This word refers to someone who is related by birth or family, a kinsman or kinswoman. It can be used as an adjective meaning 'related' or 'kindred', or as a noun referring to a relative. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the dative case, indicating 'to a kinsman' or 'to a kinswoman', or as a plural referring to 'kinsmen'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΑ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΙΚΟΣ

G1125

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-GRA-pha-men

Translations: we have written, we wrote

Notes: This is the first person plural perfect active indicative form of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. The perfect tense in Koine Greek describes an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. Therefore, 'γεγράφαμεν' means 'we have written' or 'we have been writing', emphasizing the current state resulting from the past action of writing.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Plural

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gerbh- 'to scratch, to carve'.

G4933

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-tay-ROO-see

Translations: they preserve, they keep, they maintain, they guard, they observe

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'τηρέω' (to keep, to guard). It means to keep together, to preserve, to maintain, or to guard carefully. It is used to describe the act of holding something safe, protecting it from harm, or observing a rule or custom diligently. For example, it could be used to say 'they preserve the law' or 'they guard the city'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ΔΙΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΗΡΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΗΡΕΩ (tereo), meaning 'to keep' or 'to guard'. The combination emphasizes the idea of keeping something carefully or completely.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KREE-nah-men

Translations: we judged, we decided, we determined, we condemned

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κρίνω' (krinō). It means 'we judged,' 'we decided,' 'we determined,' or 'we condemned.' The verb 'κρίνω' itself has a broad range of meanings, including to separate, to distinguish, to decide, to judge, to condemn, or to rule. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'κρίνω' (krinō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to separate, to distinguish, to discern.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that carry similar meanings of separation or judgment.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ess-TAH-kah-men

Translations: we have stood, we have set, we have appointed, we have established

Notes: This word is a form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand,' 'to set,' or 'to appoint.' In the perfect tense, as seen here, it indicates a completed action with ongoing results. It signifies that 'we' (the subject) have performed the action of standing, setting, or appointing, and the state resulting from that action continues.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G3725

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-ree-AH

Translations: boundaries, borders, limits, regions

Notes: This word refers to physical boundaries, borders, or limits, often denoting the extent of a territory or region. It can also refer to the regions themselves that are defined by these boundaries. It is typically used in the plural to describe the confines or extent of an area.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΤΑ, ΤΕΡΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ὁρίζω (horizō), meaning 'to divide, to limit, to define'.

G0859

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-fah-EE-reh-mah

Translations: that which is taken away, a portion, a deduction, a heave offering, an offering

Notes: This word refers to something that has been taken away, removed, or set aside from a larger whole. It can denote a deduction, a portion, or specifically, a heave offering, which was a part of a sacrifice or gift lifted up and presented to God or given to the priests.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΡΧΗ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΟΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀφαίρεμα (aphairēma) is derived from the verb ἀφαιρέω (aphairéō), meaning 'to take away' or 'to remove'. It combines the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', with the verb αἱρέω (hairéō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-et-EH-thee-san

Translations: they were added, they were joined, they were given in addition, they were put to

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from πρός (pros, 'to, toward') and τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, place'). It means 'to be added to' or 'to be joined to'. It describes an action where something or someone is brought into association with, or becomes part of, something else. It is often used to indicate an increase or an inclusion.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΤΕΘΗΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΕΚΟΛΛΗΘΗΝ

G4790

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soong-koo-ROON-tah

Translations: happening together, coinciding, meeting, befalling

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb συγκυρέω (synkyreō), meaning 'to happen together' or 'to coincide'. It describes something that is currently happening in conjunction with something else, or something that is meeting or befalling. It is a compound word formed from σύν (syn, 'with, together') and κυρέω (kyreō, 'to happen, to meet').

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

G2380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thoo-see-AH-zoh-sin

Translations: they sacrifice, they offer sacrifice

Notes: This word means to offer a sacrifice, to immolate, or to slay for sacrifice. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe the act of presenting an offering to a deity. For example, 'they sacrifice to God' or 'they offer sacrifices in the temple'.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΘΥΣΙΑΖΩ (thysiazō) is derived from the noun ΘΥΣΙΑ (thysia), meaning 'sacrifice', which itself comes from the verb ΘΥΩ (thyō), meaning 'to sacrifice' or 'to slay'.

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

G0937

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: bah-see-lee-KOHN

Translations: of royal things, of royal possessions, of the king's possessions, of the royal treasury, of the king's property

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'βασιλικός', meaning 'royal' or 'belonging to a king'. It describes something as pertaining to a king, a kingdom, or royalty. In this inflected form, it typically refers to things that are royal or belong to the king, such as royal property, royal funds, or royal family members, often implying possession or origin.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΙΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'βασιλικός' (basilikos) is derived from 'βασιλεύς' (basileus), meaning 'king'. It refers to anything pertaining to a king or kingdom.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAM-bah-nen

Translations: was taking, he was taking, she was taking, it was taking, used to take, was receiving, he was receiving, she was receiving, it was receiving, used to receive

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. Therefore, it indicates that someone or something 'was taking' or 'was receiving' something, or 'used to take/receive' something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1081

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ge-NAY-ma-ton

Translations: of produce, of fruit, of offspring, of children, of descendants, of products, of crops

Notes: This word refers to something that is produced or generated, such as the fruit of a tree, the produce of the ground, or the offspring of living beings. It can also refer to the result or outcome of an action or process. In a sentence, it would typically be used to describe the source or origin of something, often in a possessive sense.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΩΝ, ΕΚΓΟΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΙΟΝΤΩΝ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G0001

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ak-roh-DRY-ohn

Translations: first fruits, tree fruit, fruit of trees, a tree fruit

Notes: This is a compound word derived from 'akros' (highest, outermost) and 'dryon' (tree, especially an oak, but here referring to fruit-bearing trees). It refers to the fruit of trees, especially the first or choicest fruits. It is used to describe produce from trees, often in the context of offerings or harvests.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΠΟΣ, ΟΠΩΡΑ

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: 'akros' (ἄκρος), meaning 'highest' or 'outermost,' and 'dryon' (δρῦον), meaning 'tree' or 'wood,' often specifically referring to an oak tree, but here used more broadly for fruit-bearing trees. The combination signifies the fruit that grows on the highest or outermost parts of trees.

G0433

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nee-KON-tah

Translations: unfitting, improper, not belonging, not suitable, not proper, a thing not belonging, things not belonging

Notes: This word describes something that is not fitting, proper, or suitable. It implies a lack of appropriateness or a deviation from what is right or due. It is often used to describe actions or behaviors that are out of place or morally wrong. As a participle, it can function adjectivally to describe nouns or substantively to refer to 'things that are unfitting'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ΑΚΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἀνήκω (anēkō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀν- (an-), meaning 'up to' or 'belonging to', and the verb ἥκω (hēkō), meaning 'to have come' or 'to be present'. Thus, it originally meant 'to have come up to' or 'to pertain to', and in the negative (as in ἀνήκοντα), it means 'not pertaining to' or 'not fitting'.

G0433

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: an-EE-kon-ton

Translations: of those belonging to, of things belonging to, of what is fitting, of what is proper, of what is appropriate

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ανήκω', meaning 'to belong to', 'to be fitting', or 'to be proper'. It describes something that pertains to or is appropriate for a person or situation. In its genitive plural form, it refers to 'those things' or 'those people' that belong to or are fitting for someone or something.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΗΚΟΝΤΩΝ, ΟΦΕΙΛΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G3041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LIM-nas

Translations: lakes, ponds, marshes, of a lake, of a pond, of a marsh

Notes: This word refers to a body of standing water, such as a lake, pond, or marsh. It is an inflected form of the noun 'ΛΙΜΝΗ' (limnē). In the provided examples, it appears as either the accusative plural, meaning 'lakes' or 'ponds' (as in 'the salt lakes'), or the genitive singular, meaning 'of a lake' or 'of a pond' (as in 'into lakes of water').

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine or Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΙΜΝΟΣ, ΕΛΟΣ

G0433

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: an-AY-kon-tas

Translations: unfitting, improper, not belonging, not fitting, indecent, that which is not fitting

Notes: This word describes something that is not fitting, proper, or suitable. It is often used to indicate something that is out of place, indecent, or inappropriate for a given situation or person. It is the present active participle of the verb 'ἀνήκω' (anēkō), which means 'to belong to' or 'to be fitting for,' combined with the alpha privative (ἀ-) which negates the meaning.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ἈΠΡΕΠΗΣ, ἈΝΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ

G4735, G4737

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: steh-FAH-noos

Translations: crowns, a crown, to crown, crowning

Notes: This word can be an inflected form of the noun 'στέφανος' (stephanos), meaning 'crown' or 'wreath', typically in the accusative plural case. It can also be an inflected form of the verb 'στεφανόω' (stephanoō), meaning 'to crown' or 'to encircle with a crown', often appearing as a participle. As a noun, it refers to the circular adornments worn on the head, often as a symbol of victory, honor, or royalty. As a verb, it describes the action of placing such an adornment on someone's head, or metaphorically, bestowing honor or victory.

Inflection: Noun: Plural, Accusative, Masculine; Verb: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΑ, ΣΤΕΦΑΝΩΜΑ

G1884

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ar-KEH-so-men

Translations: we will assist, we will suffice, we will aid, we will help

Notes: This word means to assist, to suffice, or to provide aid. It is used to describe the act of giving help or support to someone, or to indicate that something will be enough or adequate for a particular purpose. It implies providing what is necessary or sufficient.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΑΡΚΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and ἀρκέω (arkeō, 'to be sufficient, to ward off'). It literally means 'to be sufficient for' or 'to ward off from'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G0114

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-theh-TAY-seh-tai

Translations: will be rejected, will be set aside, will be annulled, will be made void

Notes: This word is the future passive indicative form of the verb ἀθετέω (atheteō). It means to reject, set aside, or annul something, often implying a disregard for authority, a covenant, or a law. As a passive form, it indicates that the subject will be the one acted upon, meaning it will be rejected or annulled by someone or something else. It is a compound word formed from the negative prefix ἀ- (a-) meaning 'not' and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi) meaning 'to place' or 'to set'.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΘΕΤΕΩ, ΑΚΥΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and a derivative of τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to place, set'). The word literally means 'to not place' or 'to set aside'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tah

Translations: all, every, the whole, all things, everything

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'every'. It can refer to a complete group or quantity. It is often used to emphasize the totality of something, such as 'all people' or 'all time'. When used in the neuter plural, it can be translated as 'all things' or 'everything'.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural; or Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Singular or Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΣΥΜΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΑΣ (apas) is a compound word formed from the prefix Α- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'completely', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be given, it should be given, may it be given

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It expresses a command or strong request for something to be given or granted. It is used when the subject of the giving action is not specified, but the object being given is. For example, 'Let it be given to him' or 'It should be given'.

Inflection: Third person singular, Aorist, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΗΘΗΤΩ, ΧΑΡΙΣΘΗΤΩ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-THEE-toh

Translations: let it be placed, let it be laid, let it be put, let it be set

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place, put, or lay'. ΤΕΘΗΤΩ is a command for something to have been placed or laid down. It implies an action that results in a state of being placed, rather than the action of placing itself. It is often used in contexts where an object is to be deposited or established in a particular location.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Perfect, Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΚΕΙΣΘΩ, ΒΑΛΛΕΣΘΩ

G2039

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-TEE-day-oh

Translations: suitable, fit, convenient, proper, necessary, provisions, necessities

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'suitable,' 'fit,' 'convenient,' or 'proper.' It describes something that is appropriate for a particular purpose or situation. When used as a noun, often in the plural (like 'τῶν ἐπιτηδείων'), it refers to 'provisions' or 'necessities,' things that are essential for life or a specific undertaking.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter (as an adjective modifying a dative noun like 'τόπῳ'); Plural, Genitive, Neuter (as a substantive noun, 'τῶν ἐπιτηδείων')

Synonyms: ΑΡΜΟΔΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΩΝ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the verb ἐπιτηδεύω (epitēdeuō), meaning 'to pursue,' 'to practice,' or 'to apply oneself to.' It implies a deliberate suitability or fitness for a purpose.

G1954

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-SEE-moh

Translations: (to) a mark, (to) a sign, (to) a distinguishing mark, (to) a notable thing, (to) a famous thing, (to) a prominent thing

Notes: This word refers to something that is marked, notable, or distinguished. It can describe a sign, a mark, or something that stands out. It is often used to denote something prominent or famous. As an adjective, it can modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these qualities. As a noun, it refers to the mark or sign itself. This word is a compound word, formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and ΣΗΜΑ (a sign, mark).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΓΝΩΡΙΣΜΑ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ is derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun ΣΗΜΑ (sēma), meaning 'a sign' or 'mark'. Thus, it literally means 'upon a mark' or 'marked upon', leading to its meaning of 'distinguished' or 'notable'.

G2270

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-soo-KHA-sen

Translations: he was quiet, she was quiet, it was quiet, he became quiet, she became quiet, it became quiet, he rested, she rested, it rested, he ceased, she ceased, it ceased

Notes: This word means to be quiet, to be still, to rest, or to cease from activity. It describes a state of tranquility or inactivity. It can be used to describe a person, a place, or even a situation becoming calm or peaceful.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΩ

Etymology: The word ἩΣΥΧΑΖΩ comes from the adjective ἥσυχος (hēsychos), meaning 'quiet' or 'still'.

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: oo-THEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not at all, in no way

Notes: This word is an indeclinable form of the indefinite pronoun/adjective meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is used to express absolute negation. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'no' or 'not any'. When used as an adverb, it means 'not at all' or 'in no way'. It emphasizes the complete absence or non-existence of something.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΥ̓ΔΕΙΣ (from which ΟΥ̓ΘΕΝ is derived) is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ̓ (ou, 'not') and ΕἸΣ (heis, 'one'). It literally means 'not one'.

G0436

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-thes-TEE-kay

Translations: was resisting, was opposing, had resisted, had opposed, stood against

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Together, it means 'to stand against' or 'to resist'. It describes an action of opposition or defiance. It can be used to describe someone or something actively opposing another force or individual.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ἈΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ἈΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-on

Translations: own, its own, private, peculiar, a private thing

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own', 'private', or 'peculiar'. It refers to something that belongs to or is characteristic of a particular person or thing. It is often used to emphasize possession or individuality, indicating that something is distinct from what belongs to others. For example, it can be used to say 'his own house' or 'their own brother'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΥ͂, ἙΑΥΤΟΥ͂

Etymology: The word comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'separate, distinct, personal'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey a sense of individuality or privacy.

G4133

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: PLAYN

Translations: but, nevertheless, except, only, however, save, yet, notwithstanding, (except) for

Notes: This word functions as an adverb, conjunction, or preposition, indicating an exception, contrast, or limitation. As an adverb, it means 'nevertheless' or 'only'. As a conjunction, it means 'but' or 'however', introducing a contrasting statement. As a preposition, it means 'except' or 'save', typically followed by a genitive case, indicating exclusion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From an obsolete root, possibly related to πλῆθος (plēthos, 'multitude'), suggesting a sense of 'fullness' or 'completeness' from which something is excluded.

G1809

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-eh-no-lo-GEH-sen

Translations: he enlisted foreign soldiers, he hired mercenaries, he levied foreign troops

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to enlist foreign soldiers or to hire mercenaries. It describes the action of a leader or authority gathering troops from outside their own people or territory. It is used to describe the act of recruiting foreign forces for military purposes.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΘΟΦΟΡΕΩ, ΣΥΝΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of three parts: ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from'; ξένος (xenos), meaning 'foreign' or 'stranger'; and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect'. Thus, it literally means 'to gather out foreigners'.

G2189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-THRA-san

Translations: they became hostile, they were hostile, they hated, they became enemies

Notes: This word describes the action of becoming an enemy or showing hostility towards someone. It is used to indicate that a group of people developed feelings of hatred or opposition. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they became hostile towards him' or 'they hated the king'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΕΩ, ἈΠΕΧΘΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word ἐχθρός (echthros), meaning 'hateful, hostile, enemy'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G5172

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: TROO-fone

Translations: Tryphon

Notes: Tryphon is a masculine proper noun, referring to a specific individual. In the provided examples, it functions as the subject of sentences, indicating a person's name. It is used to identify a historical figure, specifically a general who later became a king in the Seleucid Empire.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Tryphon is of Greek origin, derived from the verb 'τρυφάω' (tryphaō), meaning 'to live luxuriously' or 'to live delicately'. It implies a person who is delicate, luxurious, or effeminate.

G2643

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-gong-GY-zoo-sin

Translations: grumble against, murmur against, complain about

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning to grumble, murmur, or complain against someone. It implies a low, often discontented, muttering or whispering. The prefix 'κατά' (kata) intensifies the action and indicates direction 'against' someone or something. The root 'γογγύζω' (gongyzō) means to grumble or murmur.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ, ΜΕΜΦΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ (gongyzō), meaning 'to grumble' or 'to murmur'. The verb ΓΟΓΓΥΖΩ is onomatopoeic, imitating the sound of grumbling.

G0623

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: AH-rah-bah

Translations: Arabah, Arabia, Arab, Arabian

Notes: This word refers to a specific geographical region, the Arabah, which is a rift valley extending south from the Sea of Galilee to the Gulf of Aqaba. It can also refer more broadly to Arabia or to an Arab person. In the provided examples, it refers to the region in one case and to the people (Arabs) in another.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for the region); Plural, Accusative, Masculine (for the people)

Etymology: From Hebrew 'aravah (עֲרָבָה), meaning 'desert plain' or 'steppe'. It refers to a specific geographical region in the Middle East.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G0491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-TEE-o-khon

Translations: Antiochus

Notes: Antiochus is a common Greek proper name, frequently used for kings of the Seleucid Empire and other historical figures. In this form, it is the direct object of a verb or preposition, indicating the person 'Antiochus' is receiving the action.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'Ἀντίοχος' (Antíochos), meaning 'resisting' or 'steadfast'. It is a compound of 'ἀντί' (antí, 'against, in return for') and 'ἔχω' (ékhō, 'to have, to hold').

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ay-DREH-oo-en

Translations: was devoted to, attended, was engaged in, was occupied with, besieged

Notes: This word describes the action of being devoted to, attending to, or being engaged in something or someone. It implies a continuous or persistent presence and focus. In some contexts, it can also mean to besiege, indicating a persistent presence around a place.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΔΡΕΥΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb ἑδρεύω (hedreúō), meaning 'to sit, to be seated'. Thus, it literally means 'to sit near' or 'to sit by', which evolved to imply close attendance or devotion.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DOY

Translations: he might hand over, he might deliver, he might betray, he might commit, he might entrust, he might give up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' 'to betray,' or 'to commit.' It is often used in contexts of giving something or someone into the power or care of another. It can also refer to the act of passing on traditions or teachings. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of delivering someone or something, or betraying.

Inflection: Aorist, Optative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-TEH-leh-sen

Translations: completed, finished, accomplished, brought to an end

Notes: This word means to bring something to an end, to complete, or to accomplish it. It implies the finalization of an action or process, indicating that a task or event has been fully carried out or concluded. It is often used to describe the completion of a prophecy, a period of time, or a specific work.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'. Thus, it signifies bringing something to a complete end or conclusion.

G2189

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EKH-thran

Translations: enmity, hatred, hostility, a hatred

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep-seated hostility, animosity, or hatred. It describes a condition of being an enemy or having an adversarial relationship with someone or something. It is often used to describe a strong, active dislike or opposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΟΣ, ἈΝΤΙΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word ἔχθρος (echthros), meaning 'hated' or 'hostile', which itself is derived from a root meaning 'to hate'.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEI-nen

Translations: remained, abode, stayed, endured, continued

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain,' 'to abide,' 'to stay,' or 'to endure.' It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed. It can be used to indicate that someone or something stayed in a particular place, continued in a certain state, or persevered through a situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G0206

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-kras

Translations: top, highest, extreme, outermost, tip, summit, edge, end, a top, an edge

Notes: This word describes something that is at the very top, highest point, or extreme edge. It can refer to the tip of an object, the summit of a mountain, or the outermost part of something. It is often used to denote the extreme or ultimate degree of something.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΟΝ, ΚΟΡΥΦΗ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἀκή' (akē), meaning 'a point' or 'edge'. It refers to the extreme point or summit of something.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G1391

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOK-say

Translations: glory, a glory, honor, an honor, splendor, a splendor, majesty, a majesty, renown, a renown, reputation, a reputation, dignity, a dignity

Notes: This word refers to glory, honor, splendor, or majesty. It can describe the inherent nature of God, the visible manifestation of His presence, or the esteem and reputation of a person. It is often used in contexts of praise, worship, or divine revelation. It can also refer to human reputation or dignity.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ

Etymology: The word ΔΟΞΑ (doxa) comes from the Greek verb δοκέω (dokeō), meaning 'to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose'. Over time, it evolved to mean 'opinion, reputation, honor, and then glory'.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G4847

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-ma-KHEH-soo-sin

Translations: they will fight with, they will help in war, they will be allies, they will be an ally

Notes: This word means to fight along with someone, to be an ally, or to help in war. It describes the action of providing military assistance or joining forces with another party in a conflict. It is used to indicate future actions where a group of people will engage in such an alliance or assistance.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΜΑΧΕΟΜΑΙ (macheomai), meaning 'to fight'. Thus, it literally means 'to fight together with'.

G0868

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAY-san

Translations: they departed, they withdrew, they stood away, they revolted, they fell away

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb meaning 'to stand off from', 'to depart', 'to withdraw', or 'to revolt'. It describes an action of separation or defection that occurred in the past. It can be used to describe physical departure or a spiritual or political falling away.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ, ἈΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from") and ἵστημι (histēmi, "to stand"), literally meaning "to stand from" or "to stand off".

G1415

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: doo-na-TOOS

Translations: powerful, mighty, able, strong, capable, of the powerful, of the mighty, to the powerful, to the mighty

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning powerful, mighty, or able. It describes someone or something possessing great strength, authority, or capability. It can be used to describe individuals who are influential or have significant power, or things that are possible or achievable. In its plural form, it often refers to 'powerful ones' or 'mighty men' when used substantively.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Accusative or Genitive

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΣ

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: is-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, to power, to might, to ability, by strength, by power, by might, by ability

Notes: This word refers to strength, power, or might. It can denote physical strength, moral power, or inherent ability. It is often used to describe the capacity to do something or to overcome obstacles. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action related to strength.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

G1996

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-soon-ACH-theh-san

Translations: they were gathered together, they assembled, they collected

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prepositions ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and σύν (syn, 'with, together') combined with the verb ἄγω (agō, 'to lead, bring'). It means to be gathered together or assembled, often implying a collection of people or things from various places into one location. It is used to describe a group coming together for a specific purpose or in a particular place.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-BOO-lon-toh

Translations: they wished, they wanted, they desired

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βούλομαι' (boulomai), meaning 'to wish' or 'to want'. It describes an action or state of desiring something. It is used to express a strong inclination or intention, often implying a deliberate choice or purpose. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they wanted to go' or 'they wished to do it'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle/Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΩ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LEIN

Translations: to take up, to take away, to destroy, to kill, to put to death

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō). It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb αἱρέω (haireō), meaning 'to take' or 'to choose'. Depending on the context, it can mean to take something up, to remove or take away, or more commonly, to destroy or kill someone. It is often used in the sense of putting someone to death.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ἈΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀναιρέω (anaireō) is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to seize').

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-bon-toh

Translations: they seized, they grasped, they overtook, they apprehended, they attained, they comprehended

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). In its various forms, it can mean to seize, grasp, overtake, apprehend, attain, or comprehend. It often implies taking hold of something firmly, either physically or mentally, or catching up with someone or something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G1359

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-OH-doss

Translations: passage, a passage, way through, a way through, road, a road, path, a path, of a passage, of a way through, of a road, of a path

Notes: This word refers to a passage, a way through, a road, or a path. It describes a route or a means of going from one place to another. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to the 'passages' or 'ways' of a city, which could be its roads or entrances.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ, ΤΡΙΒΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΟΔΟΣ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through,' and ΟΔΟΣ (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'road.' Thus, it literally means 'a way through.'

G1287

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-es-pa-REE-san

Translations: they were scattered, they were dispersed

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'diaspeirō'. It means 'they were scattered' or 'they were dispersed'. It describes a past action where a group of people or things were spread out or separated from one another, often involuntarily or as a result of external forces. It is a compound word formed from 'dia' (through, apart) and 'speirō' (to sow, to scatter).

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΧΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: I saw, they saw, he saw, she saw, it saw

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'to see' or 'to perceive'. Specifically, it is an aorist indicative form, which describes an action that happened at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be used for various subjects, such as 'I saw', 'he/she/it saw', or 'they saw', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΕἸΔΟΝ

Etymology: The root verb 'ὁράω' (horaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to watch'.

G2616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-krah-TEH-san

Translations: they took possession of, they held fast, they overpowered, they prevailed against, they seized

Notes: This word describes the act of taking firm control or possession of something, often implying a strong or forceful grasp. It can also mean to overpower or prevail against someone or something. It is typically used in a past tense context, indicating that the action of taking control or prevailing has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρατέω (katakrateō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong', 'to rule', or 'to hold power'. Thus, it signifies a strong or complete exercise of power or control.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, the inhabitants of Judea, or those who are ethnically or religiously Jewish. It is often used in the New Testament to distinguish the Jewish people from Gentiles (non-Jews).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word originates from the Hebrew word 'Yehudi' (יהודי), meaning 'of Judah' or 'from the land of Judah'. It refers to the descendants of Judah, one of the twelve sons of Jacob, and later to the inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah.

G0770

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ees-THEH-nay-san

Translations: they were weak, they became weak, they were sick, they became sick, they were ill, they became ill, they were feeble, they became feeble

Notes: This word describes a state of weakness, sickness, or feebleness. It is used to indicate that someone or something has become weak, ill, or has lost strength. It can refer to physical weakness, but also to a lack of power or influence.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΑΡΡΩΣΤΕΩ, ΝΟΣΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΣΘΕΝΕΩ comes from the Greek prefix 'ἀ-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'σθένος' (sthenos), meaning 'strength' or 'vigor'. Thus, it literally means 'to be without strength'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doss

Translations: give

Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active imperative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to issue a direct command or instruction to a single person, equivalent to saying 'Give!' or 'You give!'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, 2nd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΧΑΡΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G1188

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: de-ksee-AS

Translations: (of) the right, (of) the right hand, (of) the right side, (of) a pledge, (of) an agreement

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'δεξιός' (dexios), meaning 'right' (as opposed to left), or the noun 'δεξιά' (dexia), meaning 'right hand' or 'right side'. It can also refer to a pledge or agreement, often symbolized by the giving of the right hand. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in the sense of 'right hand' or 'right side' (as in 'cup of the right hand of the Lord') and also in the sense of 'pledges' or 'agreements' (as in 'giving pledges').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΔΕΞΙΟΝ

G3696

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OP-lah

Translations: arms, weapons, armor, hoofs

Notes: This word is a plural noun that can refer to military equipment such as arms, weapons, or armor. It can also refer to the hoofs of an animal. Its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΙΣΙΣ, ΟΠΛΙΣΜΟΣ, ΟΝΥΞ

Etymology: The word ὅπλον (hoplon) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *sep-, meaning 'to handle, to grasp'. It originally referred to any tool or implement, and later specialized to mean 'weapon' or 'armor'.

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-dox-AS-thay-san

Translations: they were glorified, they were honored, they were magnified, they were praised

Notes: This word describes an action where a group of people were glorified, honored, or praised. It indicates that they received recognition, respect, or renown, often implying a divine or significant source of this honor. It is used to describe individuals or groups who have achieved a state of high esteem or recognition.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΑΩ, ΕΠΑΙΝΕΩ, ΜΕΓΑΛΥΝΩ

Etymology: From δόξα (doxa, 'glory, opinion') and the suffix -άζω (-azo), forming verbs of action. The verb means 'to glorify' or 'to honor'.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-es-TREP-san

Translations: they returned, they turned back, they converted, they turned around

Notes: This word means to turn back, return, or convert. It can be used literally to describe physical movement, such as returning to a place, or metaphorically to describe a change in one's behavior, beliefs, or allegiance, often implying a conversion or repentance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, to) and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (to turn).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΑΜΠΤΩ, ΥΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ is derived from the prefix ἘΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn to'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, those who have, while having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It functions like an adjective or adverb, providing additional information about the subject of a sentence, often translated as 'having' or 'those who have'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G0467

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tah-peh-DOH-ken

Translations: he repaid, he rendered back, he recompensed, he restored, he gave back

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἀνταποδίδωμι' (antapodidōmi). It is a compound verb meaning 'to give back in return', 'to repay', or 'to recompense'. It implies a reciprocal action, often in the sense of returning a favor or a debt, or rendering a reward or punishment. It can be used in contexts of both positive and negative repayment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΜΕΙΒΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀνταποδίδωμι (antapodidōmi) is a compound verb formed from three parts: ἀντί (anti), meaning 'in return for' or 'opposite to'; ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back'; and δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. Thus, it literally means 'to give back in return'.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-theh-toh

Translations: put on, laid upon, placed, set upon, imposed, applied

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (on, upon) and the verb 'τίθημι' (to put, place). It generally means to put something on or upon something else, to lay upon, or to impose. It can be used in various contexts, such as putting on clothing, laying hands on someone, or imposing a crown or a burden.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'on, upon, over', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to put, place, set'. Its meaning is therefore 'to put upon' or 'to place on'.

G0654

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-koh-RAH-kee-sen

Translations: cast off, reject, spurn, dismiss, send away

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from ἀπο- (apo-, meaning 'away from' or 'off') and σκορακίζω (skorakizo, meaning 'to cast off like a raven' or 'to reject with contempt'). It means to cast off, reject, or spurn someone or something with disdain. It implies a forceful and contemptuous dismissal. It is used to describe actions where someone is decisively pushed away or repudiated.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used to describe someone taking an object, receiving something, or even grasping an idea.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G2616

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-KRAH-tay-sen

Translations: prevailed against, overcame, mastered, held fast, took possession of

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to rule'. It signifies to prevail over someone or something, to overcome, or to take firm hold of. It implies a strong, decisive victory or mastery in a situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΥΠΕΡΙΣΧΥΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word κατακρατέω (katakrateō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb κρατέω (krateō), meaning 'to be strong, to rule, to prevail'. The verb κρατέω itself derives from κράτος (kratos), meaning 'strength, power, dominion'.

G3501

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: neh-OH-teh-ross

Translations: younger, newest, youngest, newer

Notes: This word is the comparative and superlative form of the adjective 'ΝΕΟΣ' (neos), meaning 'new' or 'young'. As a comparative, it means 'younger' or 'newer'. As a superlative, it means 'youngest' or 'newest'. It is used to describe someone or something that is more recent in age or time compared to others, or the most recent among a group.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Comparative or Superlative

Synonyms: ΝΕΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: IS-tay-mee

Translations: stand, set, appoint, establish, cause to stand, place, make to stand

Notes: This verb means to cause something to stand, to set it in place, or to establish it. It can also mean to stand oneself, to take a stand, or to stop. It is used in various contexts, often implying stability, establishment, or a fixed position. When used transitively, it means to set or appoint; when used intransitively, it means to stand.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΗΚΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to stand'. It is related to the English word 'stand'.

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-this-TEE-mee

Translations: appoint, set, establish, place, make, constitute

Notes: ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi, 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to set down, to appoint, to establish, or to place someone or something in a particular position or role. It is often used in contexts of authority, such as appointing officials or establishing laws.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The combination implies setting something down or establishing it firmly.

G1849

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ex-oo-SEE-an

Translations: authority, power, right, a right, jurisdiction, a jurisdiction, liberty, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to the right or power to do something, often implying delegated authority or freedom to act. It can describe official power, the ability to act, or even the freedom to choose.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἔξεστι (exesti), meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It denotes the state of being free to act, hence authority or power.

G4209

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-FY-rah

Translations: purple, purple cloth, purple dye, a purple garment

Notes: This word refers to the color purple, or more specifically, to the valuable purple dye extracted from certain mollusks. It can also denote the cloth or garment dyed with this purple color, which was often associated with royalty, wealth, and high status in ancient times. It is used to describe objects or clothing that are purple.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΟΡΦΥΡΟΥΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly pre-Greek. It refers to the purple dye obtained from murex shells.

G80

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FON

Translations: brother, a brother, fellowman, countryman, kinsman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it can also be used more broadly to refer to a fellow countryman, a kinsman, or a spiritual brother (such as a fellow believer in a religious community). It is often used in the New Testament to address members of the Christian community. In a sentence, it would function as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition when in the accusative case.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ, ΟΜΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΔΕΛΦΟΣ is a compound word derived from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and δελφύς (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G4008

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: peh-RAN

Translations: beyond, over, on the other side, across

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'beyond' or 'on the other side,' indicating a location or direction. It can also be used as a preposition, typically with the genitive case, to mean 'beyond' or 'across' something, indicating movement or position relative to a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΚΕΙΝΑ, ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ

Etymology: From the root *per- meaning 'to pass through, to go over.' It is related to the verb περάω (peraō), meaning 'to pass through' or 'to cross.'

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peen-TEE-san

Translations: they met, they encountered, they went to meet

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to meet', 'to encounter', or 'to go to meet'. It describes the action of coming face to face with someone or something, often with the intention of interaction. It is typically used in the context of people meeting each other.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ΥΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, "from, away from") and ἀντάω (antaō, "to meet, to come opposite to"). The prefix ἀπό indicates movement away from a point, while ἀντάω signifies meeting or confronting.

G0565

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-EEL-then

Translations: he went away, he departed, he left

Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to go away' or 'to depart'. It is formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes an action of moving from one place to another, specifically moving away from a point of reference. It is often used to indicate a final departure or a permanent leaving.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G1047

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zan

Translations: Gaza, a treasure, treasure

Notes: This word can refer to two distinct things: the city of Gaza, a significant city in ancient Philistia, or a store of wealth, a treasury, or treasure itself. When referring to the city, it is a proper noun. When referring to treasure, it is a common noun. Its meaning depends entirely on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΗΣΑΥΡΟΣ, ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: The word 'Γάζα' (Gaza) as a proper noun for the city is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning 'strong' or 'fortress'. As a common noun meaning 'treasure', it is believed to be of Persian origin, referring to the royal treasury.

G1048

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-zays

Translations: of Gaza

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun "Gaza," referring to the ancient city located in the southwestern Levant. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying "of Gaza" or "Gaza's" in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like "the walls of Gaza" or "the king of Gaza."

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name "Gaza" is of Semitic origin, likely from a word meaning "strong" or "fortress." It has been known by this name since ancient times.

G4035

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-KAH-thee-sen

Translations: besieged, surrounded, sat around

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb καθίζω (kathizō), meaning 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'. In its inflected form, it means 'he/she/it besieged' or 'he/she/it sat around'. It describes the action of surrounding or encamping around a place or person, often with hostile intent, like laying siege to a city.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΙΟΡΚΕΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around, about', and the verb καθίζω (kathizō), meaning 'to sit down, to cause to sit'. The verb καθίζω itself comes from κατά (kata), meaning 'down', and ἵζω (hizō), meaning 'to sit'.

G4661

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-ky-LEU-sen

Translations: plundered, despoiled, stripped, spoiled

Notes: This word means to strip someone of their possessions, to plunder, or to despoil. It is often used in the context of taking spoils of war or seizing property from others. It describes an action that has been completed in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΑΦΥΡΑΓΩΓΕΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΥΛΕΥΩ is derived from the noun σκῦλον (skylon), meaning 'spoil' or 'booty'. It refers to the act of taking spoils.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OW-tas

Translations: them, themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun meaning 'them' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer to a group of feminine nouns or persons in the accusative case, indicating that they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can function as a simple pronoun or as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the subjects themselves.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΦΑΣ, ΣΦΕΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek pronoun that has been in use since classical times, referring to 'self' or 'same', and developing into a general third-person pronoun.

G0515

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eex-ee-OH-san

Translations: they deemed worthy, they thought fit, they requested, they asked, they demanded

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to consider someone or something worthy, to think it appropriate, or to make a request or demand. It is often used to express that a group of people considered something to be deserved or fitting, or that they made a formal petition.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΩΤΑΩ

Etymology: The word ἀξιόω (axioō) comes from the Greek word ἄξιος (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'.

G3676

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-may-rah

Translations: hostage, a hostage, hostages

Notes: This word refers to a person given or held as security for the fulfillment of an agreement or demand. It is commonly used in the context of treaties, truces, or military situations where individuals are held to ensure compliance or prevent hostile actions. It can be used in both singular and plural forms, referring to one or multiple hostages.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Etymology: The word "ΟΜΗΡΟΣ" (homēros) is derived from the Greek verb "ὁμηρέω" (homēreō), meaning "to meet, to agree, to be a hostage." It is related to "ὅμηρος" (homēros), meaning "pledge" or "security."

G1154

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dah-mas-KOO

Translations: of Damascus

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Damascus', referring to the ancient city in Syria. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of Damascus' or 'Damascus'' in English. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the king of Damascus' or 'the people of Damascus'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, possibly meaning 'well-watered place'. It has been continuously inhabited for millennia and is one of the oldest cities in the world.

G2743

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAY-des

Translations: cares, concerns, troubles, sorrows, griefs, funeral rites, family connections, relatives

Notes: This word refers to a state of care, concern, or anxiety, often implying a burden or sorrow. It can also refer to funeral rites or, in a broader sense, to family connections or relatives, particularly those related by marriage. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, ranging from emotional distress to social relationships.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΕΡΙΜΝΑΙ, ΛΥΠΑΙ, ΠΕΝΘΗ

Etymology: The word κῆδος (kēdos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κήδω (kēdō), meaning 'to care for' or 'to trouble oneself'.

G1056

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: gah-lee-LAH-yah

Translations: Galilee

Notes: Galilee is a region in northern ancient Israel, known for its fertile land and significant role in biblical history, particularly as the primary setting for Jesus's ministry. It is often referred to in the New Testament.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, or Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Galilee' comes from the Hebrew word 'galil' (גָּלִיל), meaning 'circle' or 'district'. It referred to a district of northern Israel, particularly the region inhabited by Gentiles.

G1014

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: boo-LOH-meh-noy

Translations: wishing, desiring, intending, purposing, wanting, willing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βούλομαι', meaning 'to wish' or 'to desire'. It describes someone who is in the act of wishing, desiring, or intending something. It often indicates a deliberate or considered desire, as opposed to a spontaneous one. It can be used to describe the subject of a sentence who is performing an action out of a particular will or intention.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΕΛΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3179

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-thih-STAY-sai

Translations: to remove, to move, to transfer, to change, to turn away, to cause to revolt

Notes: This verb means to move from one place to another, to transfer, or to cause someone or something to change position or allegiance. It can also imply a change in state or condition, or even to cause a revolt or defection. It is used to describe physical movement as well as metaphorical changes.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek μετά (metá, “among, with, after”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand, to set up”).

G0963

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: beth-SOO-rah

Translations: Beth-zur, Bethsura

Notes: Beth-zur (or Bethsura) is a proper noun referring to an ancient fortified city in Judea, located in the hill country of Judah. It is mentioned in the Old Testament and in the books of Maccabees as a strategic stronghold. It is used in sentences to denote the specific location of this city.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew בֵּית צוּר (Beth Tsur), meaning 'house of rock' or 'house of the rock'. It is a compound word formed from 'beth' (house) and 'tsur' (rock).

G4788

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ek-KLEI-sen

Translations: shut up, enclose, confine, shut in, close up, deliver up

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΚΛΕΙΩ (to shut). It means to shut up, enclose, or confine something or someone, often implying a complete or secure closure. It can also mean to deliver up or hand over, especially in a context of being shut in or confined for a purpose. It is used to describe the act of closing something completely, like a gate or a tent, or to describe the act of confining people or things.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΙΩ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΕΙΩ, ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EH-bah-len

Translations: he cast out, he threw out, he drove out, he sent out, he expelled

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἐκβάλλω (ekballō), which means to cast out, throw out, drive out, or send out. It describes the action of forcefully removing someone or something from a place, position, or state. It can be used in various contexts, such as expelling demons, sending out workers, or throwing something away.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-beh-toh

Translations: he seized, he took possession of, he captured, he apprehended, he overtook, he understood

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It means to seize, take possession of, capture, or apprehend. In some contexts, it can also mean to overtake or to understand fully. It describes an action of taking hold of something or someone, often with force or determination.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he made, she made, it made, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' 'to make,' or 'to appoint.' It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point in time. It can be used in sentences like 'He placed the book on the table' or 'She appointed him as leader.' The middle/passive voice suggests the subject either performed the action for themselves or had the action done to them.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἘΒΑΛΕΝ, ἘΠΟΙΗΣΕΝ, ἘΘΗΚΕΝ

G3925

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: par-em-bo-LEE

Translations: camp, an army, a barracks, a fortress, a castle, a camp of Israel, a military camp

Notes: This word refers to a military camp, an encampment, or an army itself. It can also denote a barracks, a fortress, or a castle, particularly in the context of a fortified place where soldiers reside. In the New Testament, it is often used to refer to the Roman barracks in Jerusalem or the camp of Israel in the wilderness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΠΕΔΟΝ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and 'ἐμβολή' (embolē), meaning 'an insertion' or 'a thrusting in'. Together, it refers to a place where something is thrown or placed alongside, hence an encampment or camp.

G4404

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-ee

Translations: early, in the morning, morning, a morning

Notes: This word primarily functions as an adverb meaning 'early' or 'in the morning'. It can also be used as a noun referring to 'the morning' itself. It describes the time of day, specifically the early hours.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as a noun)

Synonyms: ΟΡΘΡΟΣ, ΠΡΩΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρωί' (prōi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro-, meaning 'forward' or 'before'. It is related to words indicating precedence or an early time.

G246

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: al-LO-foo-LOHN

Translations: of foreigners, of aliens, of other tribes, of other nations, of strange people

Notes: This word is a compound adjective or noun, meaning 'of another tribe or nation'. It refers to people who are not of the same race, tribe, or nationality as the speaker, often implying a sense of being foreign or alien. It is used to describe things belonging to or associated with such people.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΩΝ, ΞΕΝΩΝ, ΑΛΛΟΓΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another', and φυλή (phylē), meaning 'tribe' or 'race'.

G522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-PAHN-tah

Translations: met, encountered, came to meet, happened, occurred

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'apantaō'. It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was meeting' or 'he/she/it was encountering'. It can also mean 'it happened' or 'it occurred', especially in impersonal constructions. It implies a coming face-to-face or a coming into contact with someone or something.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΝΤΑΩ, ὙΠΑΝΤΑΩ

Etymology: The verb 'apantaō' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'apo' (ἀπό), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'antao' (ἀντάω), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite'. The combination suggests meeting someone who is coming from a different direction, or meeting face-to-face.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-EH-bal-on

Translations: they cast out, they threw out, they drove out, they expelled

Notes: This word means 'they cast out,' 'they threw out,' or 'they expelled.' It is a compound verb formed from the prefix ἘΞ- (ex-), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the root ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw.' It describes an action of forcefully removing someone or something from a place, completed in the past by a group of people.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΚΔΙΩΚΩ, ΕΚΠΕΜΠΩ

G1747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EN-ed-ron

Translations: ambush, a snare, a trap, an ambush

Notes: This word refers to a place where one lies in wait to attack by surprise, or the act of lying in wait itself. It can also denote a snare or trap, something that catches or entraps. It is often used in contexts describing military tactics or plots.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΓΙΣ, ἘΠΙΒΟΥΛΗ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΕΔΡΟΝ (enedron) comes from the Greek preposition ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in', and the verb ἙΔΡΑ (hedra), meaning 'seat' or 'place'. Thus, it literally means 'a sitting in' or 'a place for sitting in wait'.

G3735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-RE-sin

Translations: to mountains, on mountains, in mountains, with mountains, like mountains, mountains, hills

Notes: This word refers to mountains or hills. It is the dative plural form of the noun 'ὄρος' (oros), meaning 'mountain' or 'hill'. As a dative case, it can indicate location (on/in/at mountains), instrument (with mountains), or comparison (like mountains), depending on the context.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΝΟΙ, ΟΡΗ

Etymology: The word ὄρος (oros) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for 'rise' or 'height'.

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-as

Translations: (of) opposite, (of) contrary, (of) hostile, (of) adverse

Notes: This word is the genitive singular feminine form of the adjective 'ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΣ', meaning 'opposite' or 'contrary'. It is often used in the adverbial phrase 'ἐξ ἐναντίας' (ex enantias), which means 'from the opposite side', 'opposite', 'in opposition', or 'face to face'. It describes something that is in opposition or contrary to something else.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ

G1747

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-NEH-drah

Translations: ambush, an ambush, lying in wait, a snare, a trap

Notes: This word refers to a hidden position from which to attack, or the act of lying in wait for someone. It can also refer to the group of people who are in such a hidden position, ready to spring an attack. It describes a deceptive and often dangerous situation where an enemy is concealed, waiting to surprise an unsuspecting target.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΠΑΓΙΣ, ΕΝΕΔΡΕΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΝΕΔΡΑ is derived from the Greek preposition ἘΝ (in) and the verb ΕΔΡΑΩ (to sit, to be seated), literally meaning 'a sitting in' or 'a sitting within'.

G1817

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-an-ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood up, they rose up, they arose, they rose, they stood

Notes: This word means to stand up, to rise up, or to arise. It is often used to describe a group of people getting to their feet, either literally from a seated or prone position, or metaphorically to take action or begin a journey. It can also imply a sudden or decisive action of rising.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ἘΓΕΙΡΩ, ὈΡΘΟΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξανίστημι (exanistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to stand up' or 'to raise'. The prefix ἐξ- (ex-) intensifies the action of rising.

G3761

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: oo-DEH

Translations: not even, neither, nor, and not

Notes: This is a compound word formed from the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the conjunction 'δέ' (but, and). It is used to emphasize a negation, meaning 'not even' or 'neither/nor'. It can connect clauses or phrases, indicating that something is also not true or not happening. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He did not go, nor did he send anyone.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓, ΜΗΔΕ, ΜΗ

Etymology: From the negative particle 'οὐ' (not) and the postpositive conjunction 'δέ' (but, and).

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LEIF-thay

Translations: was left behind, was forsaken, was abandoned, was left, was remaining

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb λείπω (leipō, meaning 'to leave'). In its passive form, as seen here, it means 'to be left behind,' 'to be forsaken,' or 'to be abandoned.' It describes a state where someone or something is remaining after others have departed or been removed, often implying a sense of being alone or desolate. It is used to indicate that a person or thing has been left in a particular state or place.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The verb καταλείπω (kataleipō) is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb λείπω (leipō), meaning 'to leave' or 'to abandon.' The combination emphasizes the act of leaving something behind, often with a sense of finality or completeness.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

G3161

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mat-tah-THEE-as

Translations: Mattathias

Notes: This is a masculine proper name, equivalent to the Hebrew name Mattithiah or Mattithyahu, meaning 'gift of Yahweh'. It refers to several individuals in the Old Testament and Apocrypha, including the father of Judas Maccabeus. It is used to identify a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Mattathias is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Mattithiah or Mattithyahu, which means 'gift of Yahweh' or 'gift of the Lord'. It was a common name among Jews during the Second Temple period.

G2448

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAHS

Translations: Judas, Judah

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to a person or a geographical region. In the New Testament, it most commonly refers to Judas Iscariot, one of the twelve apostles who betrayed Jesus, or to Judas, the brother of Jesus. It can also refer to the tribe of Judah or the kingdom of Judah in the Old Testament context. It is used as a subject or object in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew יְהוּדָה (Yehudah), meaning 'praised'. It refers to the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, and subsequently to the tribe and kingdom descended from him.

G1284

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-er-RAYK-sen

Translations: tore, ripped, burst, broke open, rent

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'. It means to tear completely, to rip apart, or to burst open. It is often used in the context of tearing clothes as a sign of grief or distress, or of something breaking open violently.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΣΧΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word διαρρήγνυμι is formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break' or 'to tear'.

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: FY-gon-tes

Translations: having fled, fleeing, those who fled, having escaped, escaping

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adjectivally, describing the subject as 'the ones who fled' or adverbially, indicating the circumstances under which an action took place, such as 'by fleeing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΦΕΥΓΩ, ΑΠΟΦΕΥΓΩ

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEE-oh-kon

Translations: they were pursuing, they were persecuting, they were chasing, they were following, they were running after

Notes: This is a verb in the imperfect active indicative, third person plural. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The verb generally means 'to pursue,' 'to chase,' 'to persecute,' or 'to follow.' It can be used literally, as in chasing an enemy, or figuratively, as in pursuing a goal or persecuting someone for their beliefs.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΔΙΩΓΜΟΣ

G3925