2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psal-MOS

Translations: psalm, a psalm, song, a song

Notes: This word refers to a psalm or a sacred song, often accompanied by stringed instruments. It is commonly used in the context of religious hymns or poetic compositions, particularly those found in the Book of Psalms in the Old Testament. It can be used to describe the act of singing or playing such a song.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΜΝΟΣ, ΩΔΗ

Etymology: From ψάλλω (psallō, "to pluck, play a stringed instrument"). It originally referred to the plucking of a stringed instrument, then to the song sung to the accompaniment of such an instrument.

G4672

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-loh-MOHN

Translations: Solomon

Notes: This is the name of King Solomon, the son of David and Bathsheba, who succeeded his father as king of Israel. He is renowned for his wisdom, wealth, and the construction of the First Temple in Jerusalem. The word is used to refer specifically to this historical figure.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The Greek name Σαλωμών (Salōmōn) is a transliteration of the Hebrew name שְׁלֹמֹה (Shelomoh), which is derived from the Hebrew root שָׁלֹם (shalom), meaning 'peace'. Thus, Solomon's name is often interpreted as 'peaceful' or 'man of peace'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

G0268

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: ah-mar-TOH-lon

Translations: sinner, a sinner, sinful, wicked, ungodly

Notes: This word refers to a person who commits sin or is characterized by sin. It can be used as a noun to describe a 'sinner' or as an adjective to describe something as 'sinful' or 'wicked'. It is often used in a moral or religious context to denote someone who deviates from divine or moral law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ, ΠΑΡΑΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΜΑΡΤΩΛΟΣ is derived from the verb ἀμαρτάνω (hamartanō), meaning 'to miss the mark, to err, to sin'. The suffix -ωλος indicates a person characterized by or prone to the action of the verb.

G2596

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-BAL-leh

Translations: cast down, throw down, overthrow, lay down, demolish, pull down, bring down

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down') and the verb βάλλω (ballō, meaning 'to throw'). It generally means to throw or cast something down, often with force or with the intention of destruction or defeat. It can be used in various contexts, such as casting down walls, overthrowing an enemy, or laying a foundation.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb καταβάλλω is formed from the prefix κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. The combination signifies the action of throwing something downwards or bringing it low.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2379

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-see-as-TEE-ree-on

Translations: altar, an altar

Notes: This word refers to an altar, a raised structure or place on which sacrifices or offerings are made to a deity. It is typically used in religious contexts to denote the sacred place where rituals involving offerings take place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΣΙΑΣΤΗΡΙΟΝ" (thysiastērion) is derived from "θυσιάζω" (thysiazō), meaning 'to sacrifice', which in turn comes from "θυσία" (thysia), meaning 'sacrifice' or 'offering'. It literally means 'place of sacrifice'.

G245

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: al-LO-tree-ah

Translations: another's, foreign, strange, alien, a stranger, an alien

Notes: This word describes something that belongs to another person, or something that is foreign, strange, or alien. It can refer to a person who is a stranger or an outsider, or to a place that is not one's own. It is often used to denote something that is not one's own property or is outside of one's control or experience.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Accusative, Neuter; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΞΕΝΟΣ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

G2662

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-pa-TOO-san

Translations: they were trampling, they were treading down, they were trampling underfoot

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb πατέω (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk'. Together, it means to tread down, trample, or treat with contempt. It describes an action of forcefully stepping on something or someone, often implying disrespect or destruction. It is used to describe past, continuous actions.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΤΕΩ

G5266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-DEE-ma-sin

Translations: to sandals, with sandals, in sandals

Notes: This word refers to footwear, specifically sandals or shoes. It is used to describe something worn on the feet. In the provided context, it indicates the means by which someone is walking or treading, often implying a specific manner or condition of movement.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΑΝΔΑΛΙΟΝ, ΠΕΔΙΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under' or 'beneath', and the verb ΔΕΩ (DEO), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is bound under' the foot.

G5243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-ee-fah-NEE-ah

Translations: pride, arrogance, haughtiness, a pride, an arrogance, a haughtiness

Notes: This word refers to an excessive sense of one's own importance or superiority, often leading to contempt for others. It describes a state of being overly proud or arrogant, and is generally used in a negative sense to denote a sinful or undesirable attitude. It can be used in sentences to describe the characteristic of a person or an action stemming from such a characteristic.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΚΑΥΧΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words 'ὑπέρ' (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', and 'φαίνω' (phainō), meaning 'to appear' or 'to show'. Thus, it literally means 'appearing above' or 'showing oneself superior', leading to the sense of pride or arrogance.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss (for the full word)

Translations: man, a man, human, a human, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word appears to be a truncated or abbreviated form of the Koine Greek word ἈΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ (anthrōpos), meaning 'man,' 'human,' or 'person.' It is not a complete word in itself and would typically be seen as a misspelling or an intentional abbreviation in certain contexts, such as ancient manuscripts where space was limited. It refers to a human being, male or female, and can also refer to humanity in general.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular or Plural (truncated form)

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-GEE-ah

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy one, a holy thing

Notes: This word means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is used to describe people, places, or things that are set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. It can also refer to a holy person or thing as a noun. It is the feminine singular form of the adjective 'ΑΓΙΟΣ' (hagios).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΙΑ' comes from the root 'ΑΓΙΟΣ', which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which is set apart or consecrated.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-OO

Translations: of Lord, of the Lord, of God, of the Master

Notes: This word refers to a lord, master, or owner. In religious contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it is frequently used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, often as a title of reverence and authority. It can be used in sentences like 'the house of the Lord' or 'the word of the Lord'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΘΕΟΣ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (kyrios) derives from the root κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'power, authority'. It originally referred to someone who possessed authority or control, such as a master or owner, and later evolved to be used as a title for deities or rulers.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EN-eh-ken

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of, (of) for, (of) by reason of

Notes: ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an improper preposition that typically takes the genitive case, meaning 'because of' or 'on account of'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'for this reason' or 'therefore'. It is used to express the cause or reason behind an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect; takes the genitive case when used as a preposition.

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΝΕΚΕΝ is an ancient Greek word, likely formed from the preposition 'en' (in) and a form related to 'heka' (on account of). It has been in use since classical Greek and continued into Koine Greek.

G0658

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-RIP-sah-teh

Translations: cast away, throw away, reject, discard

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to cast away, throw off, or reject something. It implies a decisive act of getting rid of something, often with the sense of discarding it completely or pushing it far away. It is used in commands or exhortations.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ἈΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ἘΚΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἀπορρίπτω (aporrhíptō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apó), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ῥίπτω (rhíptō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Thus, it literally means 'to throw away from'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, of, by, with, after, since

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), which means 'from' or 'away from'. It is commonly used to indicate separation, origin, or cause. It can also function as a prefix in compound words, carrying a similar sense of separation or completion. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. The apostrophe indicates that the final vowel (omicron) has been dropped because the next word begins with a vowel.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition); functions as a prefix in compound words

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The Greek preposition 'ἀπό' (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G2570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAL-los

Translations: beauty, a beauty, splendor, glory

Notes: This word refers to beauty, splendor, or glory. It is often used to describe physical attractiveness or the magnificent appearance of something. It can also refer to the inherent excellence or glory of a person or thing. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the beauty of gold, the splendor of God's glory, and the beauty of Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΛΟΣ derives from the adjective καλός (kalos), meaning 'beautiful, good'. It refers to the quality or state of being beautiful.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G1799

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: en-OH-pee-on

Translations: before, in the presence of, in the sight of, (of) before, (of) in the presence of, (of) in the sight of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'in the presence of'. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'in the presence of' or 'in the sight of' someone or something. It often conveys the idea of being directly in front of, or under the observation of, another.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.

Synonyms: ἘΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΩΠΙΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ἘΝ (en, meaning 'in') and the noun ὬΨ (ōps, meaning 'face' or 'eye'). It literally means 'in the face of' or 'in the sight of'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

G5056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: TEH-los

Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty

Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.

G0005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-khma-loh-SEE-ah

Translations: captivity, a captivity, exile, a state of being captive

Notes: This word refers to the state of being held captive, often in war, or the condition of exile. It describes the act of being taken prisoner or the period of time spent in such a state. It is a compound word derived from 'αἰχμή' (spear) and 'ἁλίσκομαι' (to be captured), literally meaning 'captured by the spear'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΤΕΙΑ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ἈΠΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑἸΧΜΑΛΩΣΙΑ is a compound noun formed from αἰχμή (aichmē), meaning 'spear' or 'point of a spear', and the verbal root ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai), meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. Thus, it literally means 'capture by spear' or 'capture in war'.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-NEE-rah

Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, malicious, an evil thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or harmful. It can refer to moral depravity, physical badness, or something that causes trouble or pain. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In the provided examples, it describes 'counsel' (βουλευομενος) as evil and 'things' (implied) that one should not see as evil.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ' comes from 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'. It originally referred to something that caused toil or pain, and later evolved to mean 'evil' or 'wicked' in a moral sense.

G4973

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: sfra-GHEE-dee

Translations: to a seal, to a signet, to a mark, to a stamp, to a token

Notes: This word refers to a seal, a signet ring, or any device used for stamping or marking. It can also denote the impression made by such a device, serving as a mark, token, or proof of authenticity or ownership. In a broader sense, it can signify a sign or a symbol. This form is used when the seal is the indirect object of an action, indicating 'to' or 'for' a seal.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΤΥΠΟΣ, ΧΑΡΑΓΜΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5137

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-KHEE-los

Translations: neck, a neck, throat, a throat

Notes: This word refers to the neck or throat of a person or animal. It is often used literally to describe a physical part of the body. In some contexts, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, it can be used metaphorically to describe stubbornness or resistance, as in 'stiff-necked' (σκληροτράχηλος).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΡΗ, ΦΑΡΥΓΞ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΧΗΛΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Greek word τραχύς (trachys), meaning 'rough' or 'harsh', perhaps referring to the rough or prominent part of the neck.

G1954

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-SEE-moh

Translations: (to) a mark, (to) a sign, (to) a distinguishing mark, (to) a notable thing, (to) a famous thing, (to) a prominent thing

Notes: This word refers to something that is marked, notable, or distinguished. It can describe a sign, a mark, or something that stands out. It is often used to denote something prominent or famous. As an adjective, it can modify a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these qualities. As a noun, it refers to the mark or sign itself. This word is a compound word, formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and ΣΗΜΑ (a sign, mark).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΓΝΩΡΙΣΜΑ, ΕΝΔΟΞΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ is derived from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the noun ΣΗΜΑ (sēma), meaning 'a sign' or 'mark'. Thus, it literally means 'upon a mark' or 'marked upon', leading to its meaning of 'distinguished' or 'notable'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2729

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-ees-KHOO-on-tohn

Translations: overpowering, prevailing, overcoming, being stronger, prevailing against, prevailing over

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb meaning 'to overpower' or 'to prevail'. It describes someone or something that is gaining the upper hand, becoming stronger than, or overcoming another. It implies a situation where one entity is asserting dominance or superiority over another, often in a conflict or struggle.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΙΣΧΥΩ, ΝΙΚΑΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ

Etymology: The word καταϊσχύω (kataischyō) is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἰσχύω (ischyō), meaning 'to be strong' or 'to have power'. Thus, it literally means 'to be strong against' or 'to overpower'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G4245

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEEN

Translations: old man, an old man, elder, an elder

Notes: This word refers to an older person, an elder, or a senior member of a community or religious group. It is often used to denote someone who is advanced in years or holds a position of authority due to their age and experience. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of an action, such as 'they did not respect an old man' or 'he turned his face from their mercy, from young and old man'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the adjective πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old, elder'. It is related to πρεσβεύω (presbeuō), 'to be an ambassador, to be older'.

G0530

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-pax

Translations: once, once for all, at once, together, all at once

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'once' or 'once for all'. It emphasizes a single, decisive action that is completed and not to be repeated. It can also mean 'at once' or 'together' in certain contexts, indicating simultaneity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΝ, ΕΦΑΠΑΞ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'one' or 'single', and πήγνυμι (pēgnumi), meaning 'to fix' or 'to make firm'. It conveys the idea of something being fixed or done 'once and for all'.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3772

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oo-ra-NOS

Translations: heaven, a heaven, sky, a sky

Notes: This word refers to the visible sky, the atmosphere above the earth, or the dwelling place of God and the angels. It is often used in the plural to refer to the heavens, encompassing the celestial bodies and the spiritual realm. It is a masculine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑἸΘΗΡ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek. It is related to the name of the Greek god Uranus, who personified the sky.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0948

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eb-deh-LOO-xah-toh

Translations: abhorred, detested, loathed, regarded as an abomination

Notes: This verb describes a strong feeling of disgust, aversion, or hatred towards something, often implying that the object is considered morally or ritually unclean, or an abomination. It is used to express a deep sense of revulsion. In the provided form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a third person singular subject (he, she, or it).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΙΣΕΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΒΔΕΛΥΣΣΟΜΑΙ is derived from the noun βδέλυγμα (bdelygma), meaning 'a detestable thing' or 'abomination'. It signifies to make or consider something an abomination.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poss

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person

Notes: This word refers to a human being, encompassing both male and female individuals. It is used broadly to denote mankind in general, or a specific person, often in contrast to God or animals. It can be used in various contexts to refer to any member of the human race.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΗΡ, ΒΡΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνθρώπος (anthrōpos), its origin is uncertain but possibly related to ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'eye, face'), or from a pre-Greek substrate.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-sah

Translations: as many as, all that, whatever, how many, all things whatsoever, whatever things

Notes: This word is the neuter plural form of the relative pronoun/adjective ὅσος (hosos). It means 'as many as' or 'all that/which' and is used to introduce a relative clause, referring to an indefinite quantity or number of things. It can function as both a pronoun (e.g., 'whatever things') or an adjective (e.g., 'as many things as'). It can be used in both the nominative and accusative cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: PANTA, HAPAS

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode, 'this') and the interrogative pronoun τίς (tis, 'who? what?').

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gno-SE-tai

Translations: he will know, she will know, it will know, he will understand, she will understand, it will understand, he will perceive, she will perceive, it will perceive

Notes: This word means 'he/she/it will know' or 'he/she/it will understand/perceive'. It is used to describe a future action of gaining knowledge, understanding, or becoming acquainted with something or someone. It can refer to intellectual knowledge, experiential knowledge, or even intimate knowledge.

Inflection: Future Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: dee-KAH-yah

Translations: just, righteous, right, fair, a just thing, a righteous thing

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being just, righteous, or in accordance with what is right. It can refer to actions, judgments, or individuals. It is often used to describe God's character or His judgments, indicating their inherent fairness and righteousness. It can also describe people who live in a way that is pleasing to God.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative; or Feminine, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THEH-os

Translations: God, a God, Lord

Notes: ΘΕΟΣ (theos) is a singular noun meaning 'God' or 'a god'. In Koine Greek, it is frequently used to refer to the singular, supreme God, often with the definite article. It can also refer to a generic deity or even a human figure considered divine. It functions as a subject or object in sentences, depending on its case.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΠΑΤΗΡ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root, though its precise origin is debated. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tay-san

Translations: they stood, they stood still, they set, they appointed, they established

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'histēmi'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point. It can mean 'they stood' or 'they stood still', indicating a state of being or a cessation of movement. It can also mean 'they set' or 'they appointed', referring to the act of placing something or establishing a rule or person in a position.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1702

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: em-paig-MOS

Translations: mockery, derision, a mockery, an object of mockery

Notes: This word refers to the act of mocking or ridiculing someone or something. It can also denote the state of being mocked or an object that is subjected to ridicule. It is often used in contexts where someone is treated with contempt or scorn.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΛΕΥΗ, ΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἐμπαιγμός (empaigmos) is derived from the verb ἐμπαίζω (empaizō), meaning 'to mock' or 'to play with'. It combines the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', with παίζω (paizō), meaning 'to play'.

G0473

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AN-tee

Translations: instead of, for, in place of, in return for, opposite to, in exchange for

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It indicates substitution, exchange, or opposition. It can mean 'instead of' or 'in place of' something, 'for' or 'in return for' something, or 'opposite to' or 'against' something. It is used to show that one thing is given or done in the stead of another.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΝΤΙΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂énti, meaning 'face to face, opposite'. It is cognate with Latin ante ('before') and Sanskrit anti ('opposite, in front of').

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: por-YOO-oh-men-os

Translations: going, walking, traveling, proceeding, a traveler, one who goes

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is going'). It is often used to describe someone moving from one place to another, or metaphorically, to describe a course of action or way of life.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) is derived from πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way, a passage, a ford'. It signifies movement along a path or journey.

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ice-poh-REH-yoo-eh-toh

Translations: was entering, was going in, entered, went in

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to travel'. Therefore, it means 'to go into' or 'to enter'. It describes an action of moving from an outside location to an inside one. It can be used to describe a person or thing entering a place, such as a house, a city, or a temple.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word εἰσπορεύομαι (eisporeuomai) is a compound of the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb πορεύομαι (poreuomai), meaning 'to go' or 'to travel'. The verb πορεύομαι itself is derived from the noun πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way' or 'a passage'.

G2713

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: kah-teh-NAN-tee

Translations: opposite, before, in front of, over against, in the presence of

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a preposition, indicating a position directly facing or opposite to something or someone. When used as a preposition, it typically takes the genitive case. It describes being in the presence of, or confronting, another entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΑΠΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΚΑΤΑΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the adverb ΕΝΑΝΤΙ (enanti), meaning 'opposite' or 'before'.

G1702

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEH-pahee-zon

Translations: they mocked, they ridiculed, they made sport of, they scoffed at

Notes: This word describes the action of mocking, ridiculing, or making sport of someone or something. It implies treating someone with contempt or scorn, often through jesting or playful actions that are meant to humiliate. It is typically used in a context where a group of people are making fun of another person or group.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ, ΜΥΚΤΗΡΙΖΩ

G2505

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: KAH-thah

Translations: as, just as, according as

Notes: ΚΑΘΑ is an adverb and conjunction meaning 'as' or 'just as'. It is used to introduce a comparison or to indicate the manner in which something is done, similar to 'according as'. It does not change its form based on gender, number, or case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: ΚΑΘΑ is a contraction of κατά (kata, 'down, according to') and ἅ (ha, 'which things'). It is related to the longer forms καθάπερ (kathaper) and καθώς (kathos).

G0001

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: Ah-peh-NAN-tee

Translations: opposite, in front of, before, against

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a position directly facing or opposite to something or someone. It can also mean 'in the presence of' or 'before' a person or thing. It is often used with the genitive case to specify what it is opposite to.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἘΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ, ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπ- (ap-, 'from') and ἔναντι (enanti, 'opposite'). It literally means 'from opposite' or 'from in front of'.

G3856

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-deeg-ma-TEE-san

Translations: they made an example of, they exposed to public disgrace, they put to shame

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make an example of' or 'to expose to public disgrace'. It describes the act of publicly shaming or punishing someone to serve as a warning or lesson to others. It is used in the context of demonstrating a consequence for actions.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΕΙΓΜΑΤΙΖΩ, ΕΞΕΔΕΙΞΑΝ

Etymology: The word παραδειγματίζω (paradeigmatizō) is a compound word formed from παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and δειγματίζω (deigmatizō), meaning 'to make a show of' or 'to expose'. The combination implies making something an example for others to see.

G0952

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: beh-BEE-loy

Translations: profane, unholy, common, unhallowed, godless

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is unholy, common, or profane, in contrast to what is sacred or set apart for God. It is used to refer to things or people that are not consecrated or are considered impure. It can be used to describe actions, places, or individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΟΙ, ΑΚΑΘΑΡΤΟΙ, ΑΝΟΣΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word "ΒΕΒΗΛΟΣ" is thought to be derived from a combination of "βέβηλον" (threshold) and "βαίνω" (to go), implying something that can be trodden upon or is outside the sacred precinct, hence common or profane.

G2917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-mah

Translations: judgment, a judgment, condemnation, a condemnation, decision, a decision, sentence, a sentence, punishment, a punishment, justice, a justice

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or sentence, often with the implication of a legal or divine verdict. It can also refer to the act of judging or the outcome of a judgment, including condemnation or punishment. It is used in contexts ranging from legal proceedings to divine decrees.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, separate'. It refers to the result or outcome of judging.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TAS

Translations: them, these, those, her, it, the same

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' (intensive), 'he, she, it, they' (personal pronoun, often emphatic), or 'the same' (demonstrative). In this specific inflected form, it is the accusative plural feminine, meaning it refers to multiple feminine objects or persons as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can be translated as 'them' (feminine), 'these' (feminine), or 'those' (feminine).

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: FOOR-moh

Translations: mix, knead, stir, mingle

Notes: This word means to mix, knead, or stir, often referring to the blending of ingredients or substances. It can also imply a general mingling or confusion. It is typically used in contexts where something is being combined or blended together.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΜΙΓΝΥΜΙ, ΚΕΡΑΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word Φύρω (phýrō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- 'to carry, bear', but in Greek, it developed the meaning of mixing or kneading, possibly through the idea of 'carrying together' or 'bringing together'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4698

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SPLANGKH-nah

Translations: bowels, intestines, affections, compassion, pity

Notes: This word refers literally to the inner organs, such as the intestines or viscera. Metaphorically, it signifies the seat of emotions and deep feelings, particularly compassion, pity, or tender affections. It is often used to describe a profound emotional response or empathy towards others.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΙ, ΕΛΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from an ancient Greek root referring to the inner parts of the body. It developed to also signify the seat of emotions and feelings.

G3078

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: po-NOH

Translations: I toil, I labor, I suffer, I am in pain, I am distressed

Notes: This word describes the act of toiling, laboring, or working hard, often implying difficulty or hardship. It can also refer to experiencing physical or emotional pain, suffering, or distress. It is used to express the effort involved in an activity or the discomfort felt due to a condition.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΚΑΜΝΩ, ΜΟΧΘΕΩ

Etymology: From πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G1473

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-GOH

Translations: I, me

Notes: ἘΓΩ is the first-person singular personal pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning "I" or "me." It refers to the speaker and functions primarily as the subject of a sentence. While the first-person singular verb ending often makes the pronoun redundant, ἘΓΩ is frequently used for emphasis, similar to saying "I myself" or "even I" in English. It can also be used to clarify the subject when multiple individuals are involved.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: This word is an ancient pronoun, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has cognates in many Indo-European languages, reflecting a shared linguistic heritage.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-kah-ee-OH-soh

Translations: I will justify, I will declare righteous, I will make righteous

Notes: This word means to declare or make someone righteous, just, or innocent. It is often used in a legal or theological context, implying an act of acquittal or vindication. In a sentence, it would describe the action of someone (often God) making another person righteous or declaring them to be so.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΩ (dikaioō) is derived from the Greek word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It signifies the act of rendering or treating someone as righteous.

G2118

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-THOO-tay-tee

Translations: (to) uprightness, (in) uprightness, (with) uprightness, (to) rectitude, (in) rectitude, (with) rectitude, (to) straightness, (in) straightness, (with) straightness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being straight, upright, or righteous. It denotes moral integrity, rectitude, and honesty. It is often used in a spiritual or ethical sense to describe a person's character or actions, indicating a path or state of moral correctness. It can be used in sentences to describe the manner in which something is done, such as 'in uprightness of heart'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣΥΝΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ

G2588

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-DEE-as

Translations: of heart, of a heart, of mind, of soul, of inner self, of conscience, of courage, of will

Notes: This word refers to the physical heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of one's being, including thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used to denote the inner person, the seat of spiritual and moral life. For example, it can refer to the core of one's beliefs or the source of one's intentions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΨΥΧΗ, ΝΟΥΣ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

G2917

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-mah-sin

Translations: (to) judgments, (by) judgments, (with) judgments, (to) decisions, (by) decisions, (with) decisions, (to) condemnations, (by) condemnations, (with) condemnations

Notes: This word refers to a judgment, decision, or condemnation. It can denote the act of judging, the verdict reached, or the sentence imposed. In the provided form, it is used in the dative case, indicating the means by which something is done, or the recipient of the action, often translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'by,' or 'with.'

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΡΙΣΙΣ, ΔΙΚΗ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΡΙΜΑ (krima) derives from the verb κρίνω (krinō), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide.' It refers to the result or outcome of judging.

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay

Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns.

G591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DOH-kass

Translations: you have given back, you have rendered, you have paid back, you have restored, you have repaid

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It generally means to give back, render, repay, or restore. It is used when someone has given something back, paid a debt, or rendered what is due.

Inflection: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩ, ΑΠΟΤΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΑΙ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G1813

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ay-LAY-psas

Translations: you blotted out, you wiped away, you erased, you obliterated

Notes: This word means to blot out, wipe away, erase, or obliterate something completely. It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἀλείφω (aleiphō), meaning 'to anoint' or 'to wipe'. In this form, it describes an action completed in the past by a single person, emphasizing the thoroughness of the removal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΙ, ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΕΞΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΩ

G3422

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mnee-MO-sy-non

Translations: memorial, remembrance, a memorial, a remembrance

Notes: This word refers to something that serves as a reminder or a monument, often commemorating a person, event, or covenant. It can be used to describe an act of remembrance, a physical object, or a lasting legacy.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΝΗΜΗ, ΥΠΟΜΝΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word μνήμη (mnēmē), meaning 'memory' or 'remembrance'. It refers to something that brings to mind or preserves the memory of a person or event.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G2923

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KREE-tays

Translations: judge, a judge

Notes: A 'κρίτης' is a judge, someone who presides over a court of law or acts as an arbiter in disputes. This word refers to a person who makes decisions, renders judgments, or determines the outcome of a situation, often in a legal or authoritative capacity. It can be used to describe both human judges and, in a theological context, God as the ultimate judge.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΣΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΤΡΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge, decide, or separate'. The suffix -της (-tes) indicates an agent or doer of the action.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oss

Translations: righteous, just, upright, fair, a righteous one, a just one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is righteous, just, or in conformity with divine or human law. It can refer to a person who acts morally and ethically, or to an action that is considered fair and equitable. When used as a noun, it refers to a righteous person.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (can also be used substantively as a noun)

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek word δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It describes that which is in accordance with justice or right.

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: thav-MAH-see

Translations: will wonder, will marvel, will be amazed, will show partiality, will respect persons

Notes: This verb means to wonder, marvel, or be amazed at something. It can also mean to show partiality or respect persons, especially in a judicial context where one might favor someone based on their status rather than justice. It is used to describe an action that will happen in the future.

Inflection: Future, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑ

Etymology: From the root ΘΑΥΜΑ (thauma), meaning 'a wonder' or 'a marvel'.

G2662

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-pah-TAY-see

Translations: he will trample, she will trample, it will trample, he will tread down, she will tread down, it will tread down, he will despise, she will despise, it will despise

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to trample' or 'to tread down'. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to despise' or 'to treat with contempt'. It describes an action of stepping on something or someone, either literally or figuratively, often with destructive or disdainful intent.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΑΤΩ

G2706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-PAH-sen

Translations: tore down, pulled down, demolished, threw down, cast down

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb σπάω (spaō), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull'. Together, it means to pull down, tear down, or demolish something, often with force or violence. It describes the action of bringing something from an upright or intact state to a ruined or fallen one.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G4024

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-zoh-sah-toh

Translations: he girded, he girded himself, he put on, he wore

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to gird around' or 'to put on something around oneself'. It is often used to describe the act of putting on a belt, a garment, or a weapon around the waist or body. It can also imply preparing oneself for action or service by getting dressed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΖΩΝΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word περιζώννυμι (perizōnnymi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ζώννυμι (zōnnymi), meaning 'to gird' or 'to belt'.

G2156

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-PREH-pi-as

Translations: of beauty, of comeliness, of grace, of seemliness, of propriety

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being well-fitting, becoming, or appropriate. It encompasses concepts of beauty, grace, comeliness, and propriety, often in a moral or aesthetic sense. It describes something that is pleasing to the eye or mind due to its inherent fitness or excellence.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΛΟΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word Εὐπρέπεια (euprepeia) is derived from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good,' and πρέπω (prepo), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper.' Thus, it literally means 'well-fitting' or 'well-becoming.'

G4735

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: steh-FAH-noo

Translations: of a crown, of a wreath, of a garland, of a victor's crown, of a reward

Notes: This word refers to a crown, wreath, or garland, often symbolizing victory, honor, or royalty. It can also refer to the reward or prize given to a victor in a contest. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or relationship, meaning 'of a crown' or 'belonging to a crown'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΔΗΜΑ, ΚΟΡΩΝΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΣ comes from the verb στέφω (stephō), meaning 'to encircle' or 'to crown'. It is related to the idea of something that encircles the head.

G4014

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EI-lah-toh

Translations: took off, removed, stripped off, unwrapped

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative third person singular form of the verb περιαιρέω (periaireō), meaning 'to take off', 'to remove', or 'to strip off'. It describes an action completed in the past, where someone removed something from themselves or another. It is often used in contexts of removing clothing, coverings, or burdens.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular Number

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΕΚΔΥΩ

G4060

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-thee-ken

Translations: he put around, he placed around, he put on, he clothed, he adorned

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri, 'around') and the verb τίθημι (tithemi, 'to put, place'). It means to put or place something around another object or person, often implying an act of clothing, adorning, or encircling. It can be used to describe putting on garments, placing a crown, or even bestowing honor or authority upon someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΚΟΣΜΕΩ

G0819

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-tee-MEE-ah

Translations: dishonor, a dishonor, disgrace, a disgrace, shame, a shame, contempt, a contempt, indignity, an indignity

Notes: This word refers to a state of dishonor, disgrace, or shame. It signifies a lack of respect or esteem, often due to a person's actions or circumstances. It can be used to describe the condition of being held in low regard or suffering from public contempt.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑἸΣΧΥΝΗ, ἈΔΟΞΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑἸΣΧΥΝΗ

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and τιμή (timē), meaning 'honor' or 'value'. Thus, it literally means 'without honor'.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-deh-THEEN

Translations: I prayed, I begged, I implored, I entreated

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to pray', 'to beg', or 'to implore'. It is used to express a strong request or supplication, often directed towards God or a powerful figure. It implies a sense of need or urgency in the request.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Middle), 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΝΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΟΜΑΙ (deomai) is believed to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₂- meaning 'to give, to distribute'. It originally conveyed the idea of 'to lack' or 'to need', which then developed into 'to ask for what one needs' or 'to beg'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, he said, he spoke, they said, they spoke, to say, to speak

Notes: ΕἸΠΟΝ is an aorist form of the verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is often used as the aorist tense of the verb λέγω (legō). It describes an action that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I said', 'he said', or 'they said' depending on the context and the implied subject, as the form itself is ambiguous regarding person and number (it can be 1st singular, 3rd singular, or 3rd plural). It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

G2427

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-kah-NO-sohn

Translations: make sufficient, enable, qualify, make able, make fit

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to make someone or something sufficient, able, or qualified for a task or purpose. It implies providing the necessary capacity or fitness. As an imperative, it functions as a command or plea to 'make sufficient' or 'enable' someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΡΚΕΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΝΔΥΝΑΜΟΩ

Etymology: From the adjective ἱκανός (hikanos), meaning 'sufficient, adequate, competent'. The verb form means to render sufficient or competent.

G0926

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bah-roo-NES-thai

Translations: to be heavy, to be weighed down, to be burdened, to grow dull, to become heavy

Notes: This word is a verb that means to be heavy, to be weighed down, or to be burdened. It can refer to a physical weight or a metaphorical burden, such as a heavy heart or dull senses. It is often used to describe something becoming sluggish or losing its sharpness, like eyes growing dull or ears becoming hard of hearing.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΑΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΡΥΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΡΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word derives from the adjective βαρύς (barus), meaning 'heavy'. It is related to the concept of weight and burden.

G2474

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: Iss-rah-AYL

Translations: Israel

Notes: This word refers to Israel, which can denote the patriarch Jacob (who was renamed Israel), the nation descended from him, or the land occupied by that nation. It is used to refer to the people of God, the twelve tribes, or the northern kingdom of Israel as distinct from Judah. It is often used in contexts referring to the history, covenant, and identity of God's chosen people.

Inflection: Indeclinable

Etymology: The word is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'God strives' or 'he strives with God'. It was the new name given to Jacob after he wrestled with God (Genesis 32:28).

G1883

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ag-oh-GAY

Translations: bringing on, a bringing on, bringing in, a bringing in, calamity, a calamity, punishment, a punishment, induction, an induction

Notes: This word refers to the act of bringing something upon someone or something, often with the connotation of bringing in or inflicting. It can denote the introduction or bringing in of a person or thing, or more commonly, the bringing on of a negative event such as a calamity, punishment, or judgment. In a philosophical context, it can refer to the process of induction, moving from specific observations to general principles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΙΣ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΑ, ΕΠΙΦΟΡΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'a leading upon' or 'a bringing upon'.

G1702

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-neh-PAI-ksan

Translations: they mocked, they ridiculed, they made sport of, they scoffed at

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἐν' (in, among) and the verb 'παίζω' (to play, to sport). It means to mock, ridicule, or make sport of someone, often with contempt or derision. It describes an action where a group of people treat someone with scorn or contempt, often through jesting or abusive behavior.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΧΛΕΥΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΕΛΑΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΜΠΑΙΖΩ is a compound of the preposition ΕΝ (in, among) and the verb ΠΑΙΖΩ (to play, to sport). The root ΠΑΙΖΩ comes from ΠΑΙΣ (child), suggesting the idea of childish play or sport, which in this context takes on a negative connotation of making fun of someone.

G5339

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-FEI-san-toh

Translations: they spared, they did not spare, they showed mercy, they did not show mercy

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to spare' or 'to show mercy'. It is used to describe an action where someone refrains from harming or punishing another, or where they show compassion. In the provided examples, it is consistently used in the negative ('they did not spare'), indicating a lack of mercy or a failure to hold back from harming.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΩ, ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word φείδομαι (pheídomai) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to φειδός (pheidos), meaning 'sparing, thrifty'.

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAY

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, often violent, emotion of displeasure or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous wrath against sin. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΧΟΛΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *werg- meaning 'to work, to do'. The word originally referred to an 'impulse' or 'disposition', which then developed into the meaning of 'anger' or 'wrath' as an internal working or agitation.

G2372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-MOH

Translations: (to) passion, (to) anger, (to) wrath, (to) indignation, (to) rage, (to) fury, (to) spirit, (to) soul

Notes: This word refers to a strong emotion, often negative, such as anger, wrath, or indignation. It can also refer to the seat of emotions, like the spirit or soul. In this dative form, it indicates the recipient or instrument of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'with'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΡΓΗ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΖΗΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed root meaning 'to rush, breathe hard'. It originally referred to the soul or spirit as the principle of life, and later came to denote strong feelings or passions.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-teh-les-theh-SOHN-tai

Translations: they will be completed, they will be finished, they will be accomplished, they will be brought to an end

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be completed,' 'to be finished,' or 'to be brought to an end.' It is used to describe an action that will be fully carried out or brought to its conclusion in the future. It implies a process reaching its final state or a task being fully accomplished.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ, ΠΛΗΡΩΘΗΣΟΝΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb ΤΕΛΕΩ (teleō), meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish.' Thus, it signifies completing something thoroughly or bringing it to a full conclusion.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: ἘΑΝ is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It typically takes the subjunctive mood, indicating a condition that is possible, probable, or hypothetical. It can be translated as 'if', 'when', or 'whenever', depending on the nuance of the condition, and sometimes 'although' in concessive clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ, ὍΤΑΝ

Etymology: ἘΑΝ is a contraction of the conditional particle εἰ (ei, 'if') and the modal particle ἄν (an), which adds a sense of contingency or possibility to the condition.

G2205

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ZAY-lay

Translations: (in) zeal, (in) jealousy, (in) envy, (in) passion

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ζῆλος' (zēlos), which means 'zeal', 'jealousy', 'envy', or 'passion'. It describes an intense emotion or fervent desire. In the dative case, it often indicates the manner or instrument by which something is done, so it can be translated with prepositions like 'in' or 'with'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΘΟΝΟΣ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ζῆλος' (zēlos) comes from an ancient root related to boiling or fermenting, suggesting a strong, bubbling emotion. It is connected to the idea of a fervent or passionate state.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, lust, craving

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for something good, or it can refer to an evil and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, toward) and 'θυμός' (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'toward', and the noun θυμός (thymos), meaning 'passion', 'spirit', or 'soul'. It thus conveys the idea of a strong inclination or passion directed towards something.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psy-KHES

Translations: of soul, of a soul, of life, of a life, of mind, of a mind, of self, of a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, life, mind, or self. It can denote the vital breath, the seat of emotions and intellect, or the individual person. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or relationship, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΨΥΧΗ (psyche) originates from the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow'. This connection highlights its primary meaning related to the breath of life.

G3709

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: or-GAYN

Translations: wrath, anger, indignation, punishment, a wrath, an anger

Notes: This word refers to a strong, passionate emotion, often intense anger or indignation. It can describe human anger, but is frequently used in a theological context to refer to God's righteous anger or divine judgment, which often leads to punishment. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΡΓΗ (orgē) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werg-, meaning 'to work' or 'to do'. It originally referred to an impulse or natural disposition, which then evolved to mean a strong emotion or passion, and eventually anger or wrath.

G0591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-doo-NAI

Translations: to give back, to pay back, to render, to restore, to repay, to return

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀποδίδωμι (apodidōmi). It is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'back', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, it literally means 'to give back' or 'to give away from oneself'. It is used to express the action of returning something, paying a debt, rendering what is due, or restoring something to its original state or owner. It can be used in contexts of financial transactions, fulfilling obligations, or divine retribution.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΔΙΔΟΝΑΙ, ἈΠΟΤΙΝΕΙΝ, ἈΠΟΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΝ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-PINE

Translations: to say, to speak, to tell

Notes: This word is an aorist infinitive verb meaning 'to say', 'to speak', or 'to tell'. It is used to express the action of speaking or communicating something, often in a general sense without specifying the subject or object of the action. It can be used in various constructions, such as after verbs of commanding or desiring, or to express purpose.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΕΙΝ, ΛΑΛΕΙΝ, ΦΑΝΑΙ

Etymology: ΕἸΠΕΙΝ is the aorist infinitive of the verb ΕἸΠΩ, which is a suppletive aorist form used with the present tense verbs ΛΕΓΩ and ΦΗΜΙ. Its origin traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to speaking or declaring.

G5243

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-ay-fah-NEE-an

Translations: arrogance, pride, haughtiness, a haughtiness, an arrogance

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being arrogant, proud, or haughty. It describes an excessive sense of self-importance or superiority, often leading to disdain for others. It is typically used in a negative sense, indicating a sinful or undesirable trait. In a sentence, it would function as a direct object or the subject of a verb, for example, 'He showed great arrogance' or 'Arrogance led to his downfall.'

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΑΖΟΝΕΙΑ, ΤΥΦΟΣ, ΟΓΚΟΣ

G1404

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: drah-KON-tos

Translations: of a dragon, of the dragon, of a serpent, of the serpent

Notes: This word refers to a dragon or a serpent, often used metaphorically to describe a powerful and evil adversary, such as Satan in the New Testament. It is the genitive singular form of the noun, indicating possession or origin, typically translated as 'of a dragon' or 'of the dragon'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΦΙΣ

Etymology: From an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to see clearly' or 'to gaze', possibly referring to the serpent's keen eyesight or its mesmerizing stare.

G5551

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-ROH-nee-sah

Translations: I delayed, I tarried, I lingered, I spent time

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to delay, to tarry, or to spend time. It refers to the act of taking a long time to do something or to arrive. It can be used in contexts where someone is late or is intentionally prolonging an action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΡΑΔΥΝΩ, ΜΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΧΡΟΝΙΖΩ (chronizō) is derived from the Greek word χρόνος (chronos), meaning 'time'. It literally means 'to take time' or 'to spend time', which then evolved to mean 'to delay' or 'to tarry'.

G1574

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-keh-ken-TEE-meh-non

Translations: pierced, having been pierced, stabbed, having been stabbed

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'ekkenteō', meaning 'to pierce through' or 'to stab'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has undergone the action of being pierced or stabbed. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΤΙΤΡΩΣΚΩ, ΔΙΑΠΕΡΝΑΩ

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G1646

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-LAH-khee-stoo

Translations: of least, of the least, of very little, of the smallest, of the slightest, of the most insignificant

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the superlative adjective 'elachistos', meaning 'least' or 'smallest'. It is used to describe something that is of the lowest degree, quantity, or importance. It can be used in contexts like 'the least of these' or 'the smallest amount'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Superlative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΤΤΟΝΟΣ, ΕΛΑΧΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἔλαχυστος (elakhystos), a superlative form of the adjective ἐλαχύς (elakhys), meaning 'small' or 'little'. It is related to the verb ἐλάσσω (elassō), meaning 'to make smaller' or 'to diminish'.

G1848

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: eks-oo-deh-NOH-meh-non

Translations: despised, scorned, made of no account, a despised thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been despised' or 'having been made of no account'. It describes something that has been treated with contempt or regarded as worthless. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) itself, referring to 'that which is despised' or 'a despised thing'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ἈΘΕΤΈΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΈΩ

G4983

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOH-mah

Translations: body, a body, flesh, a slave

Notes: This word refers to the physical body of a human or animal, or a physical object. It can also metaphorically refer to a group of people or a community, or even to the substance of something. In some contexts, it can refer to a slave or servant, as a 'body' belonging to another.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΡΞ, ΧΡΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain. It is possibly derived from the verb σῴζω (sōizō), meaning 'to save' or 'to preserve', implying something that is kept or preserved.

G1308

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-feh-ROH-meh-non

Translations: being carried through, being borne along, being tossed about, differing, excelling, a differing thing, an excelling thing

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being carried through' or 'being borne along'. It can also mean 'differing' or 'excelling' depending on the context. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun, or like an adverb, modifying a verb, indicating an ongoing action being done to the subject.

Inflection: Singular, Present, Passive, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΚΥΜΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G5196

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HY-bray

Translations: (to) insolence, (to) arrogance, (to) outrage, (to) violence, (to) injury, (to) insult, (to) abuse

Notes: This word refers to insolence, arrogance, or outrage, often implying a deliberate act of disrespect or violence. It can also mean injury or abuse. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating the means or manner by which something is done, such as 'by insolence' or 'with violence'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΡΩΧΙΑ, ΘΡΑΣΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΗΦΑΝΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *ud-bʰri- (meaning 'up-bearing' or 'over-bearing'), from *ud- ('up, out') and *bʰer- ('to carry, bear'). It originally conveyed the sense of 'overbearing pride' or 'presumption', leading to its meaning of insolence and outrage.

G1848

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-oo-theh-NEH-sen

Translations: he despised, she despised, it despised, he scorned, she scorned, it scorned, he set at naught, she set at naught, it set at naught, he made of no account, she made of no account, it made of no account

Notes: This verb means to despise, scorn, treat as worthless, or make of no account. It describes an action where someone regards another person or thing as insignificant or contemptible. It is often used to convey a strong sense of rejection or disdain.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ἈΘΕΤΈΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΈΩ

G5306

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: HOO-steh-ron

Translations: later, afterward, last, finally, the latter, the end, a later time, the later

Notes: This word indicates a point in time that comes after another, or something that is last in a sequence. It can function as an adverb meaning 'later' or 'afterward', or as an adjective/noun meaning 'the last' or 'the latter part'. It is often used to refer to a subsequent event or a final outcome.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (when functioning as a noun/adjective), Adverbial

Synonyms: ΟΨΕ, ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΤΕΛΟΣ

Etymology: From the comparative form of the adverb 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'below', indicating a position or time that is subsequent or inferior.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-ree-oss

Translations: Lord, a Lord, master, a master, owner, an owner, sir

Notes: This word refers to a person who has authority, control, or ownership over something or someone. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their supreme authority and sovereignty. It can also be used in a more general sense for a human master or owner.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΑΥΘΕΝΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Greek word κῦρος (kyros), meaning 'supreme power' or 'authority'. It signifies one who possesses power and authority, thus a lord or master.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-GNO

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived, learned, ascertained, became acquainted with

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'epiginōskō', meaning to know fully, to recognize, or to understand. It implies a deeper, more complete knowledge than simply 'ginōskō' (to know). It can be used to describe the act of coming to a full realization or becoming thoroughly acquainted with something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G2479

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: is-KHOO-ee

Translations: to strength, to power, to might, to ability, by strength, by power, by might, by ability

Notes: This word refers to strength, power, or might. It can denote physical strength, moral power, or inherent ability. It is often used to describe the capacity to do something or to overcome obstacles. In the dative case, as seen here, it indicates the means by which something is done, or the recipient of an action related to strength.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: KREE-nohn

Translations: judging, discerning, deciding, condemning, ruling, a judge, a ruler

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'κρίνω'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can function as a verb, meaning 'judging' or 'deciding', or as an adjective, meaning 'one who judges' or 'a judge'. It often implies the act of making a decision, discerning between right and wrong, or exercising authority in a judicial capacity. It can also carry the sense of condemning or ruling.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩΝ

G0450

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-nis-TON

Translations: raising up, standing up, causing to rise, one who raises up, he who raises up

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἈΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ', meaning 'to raise up', 'to stand up', or 'to cause to rise'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἈΝΑ' (ANA), meaning 'up', and 'ἸΣΤΗΜΙ' (HISTĒMI), meaning 'to stand' or 'to set'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or habitual. It can often be translated as 'the one who raises up' or 'he who is raising up'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active

Synonyms: ἘΓΕΙΡΩΝ, ἈΝΟΡΘΩΝ

G0684

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ap-oh-LEE-an

Translations: destruction, a destruction, ruin, a ruin, perdition, a perdition, waste, a waste

Notes: This word refers to destruction, ruin, or perdition. It signifies a state of utter loss, devastation, or being wasted. It is often used in contexts of physical destruction or spiritual ruin.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΛΕΘΡΟΣ, ΦΘΟΡΑ, ΑΦΑΝΙΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἈΠΩΛΙΑ (apōlia) comes from the verb ἀπόλλυμι (apollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to lose'. It is formed from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the root ὄλλυμι (ollymi), meaning 'to destroy' or 'to perish'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: HOOP

Translations: under, by, with, from, at, through, in, of

Notes: This word is a common Greek preposition and prefix. As a preposition, it typically means 'under' or 'below', but its meaning can vary significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the accusative case, it can indicate motion towards a place ('under', 'to'). As a prefix, it means 'under', 'below', 'less than', or 'secretly', as seen in compound words like 'υποκάτω' (underneath). The form 'ΥΠ' is a common truncation of 'ΥΠΟ' when it acts as a prefix, especially before a vowel, or as part of a compound word.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or prefix)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑ, ΕΠΙ

G1922

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-STAY-may

Translations: knowledge, understanding, skill, a knowledge, an understanding, a skill

Notes: This word refers to knowledge, understanding, or skill, often implying a systematic or scientific comprehension of a subject. It can be used to describe intellectual understanding, practical skill, or even divine wisdom. It is typically used in a general sense to denote the possession of information or ability.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΣΙΣ, ΣΟΦΙΑ, ΣΥΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΣΤΗΜΗ is derived from the verb ἐπίσταμαι (epistamai), meaning 'to know, to understand'. It is formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'on, upon', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'to stand upon' or 'to be firm in knowledge'.

G1656

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-leh-os

Translations: mercy, a mercy, compassion, pity

Notes: ἘΛΕΟΣ refers to active compassion, pity, or mercy, often extended by a superior to an inferior, or by God to humanity. It implies a deep feeling of sympathy that leads to practical help or forgiveness. It is frequently used in the context of God's benevolent actions towards His people.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΙΡΜΟΣ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΑ

Etymology: The etymology of ἘΛΕΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to feel pity' or 'to be moved by compassion'.

G5399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: foh-boo-MEH-noos

Translations: fearing, those fearing, being afraid, those being afraid

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'phobeo', meaning 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. In this form, it describes individuals who are in the act of fearing or being afraid. It can function substantively, meaning 'those who fear' or 'those who are afraid', often referring to people who revere or respect God.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΙΟΤΑΣ, ΤΡΕΜΟΝΤΑΣ

G1291

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-as-TEH-lai

Translations: to distinguish, to make a distinction, to separate, to command, to charge

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb διαστέλλω. It means to make a distinction or to separate one thing from another. It can also mean to give a command or to charge someone with something. It is often used in contexts where a clear differentiation or separation is being made, such as distinguishing between clean and unclean, or between righteous and unrighteous.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G0303

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Prefix

Sounds like: ah-NAH

Translations: up, upward, again, back, each, per, through, among, by, on, upon

Notes: ἈΝΑ is a versatile Koine Greek word that can function as a preposition, an adverb, or a prefix in compound words. As a preposition, it typically takes the accusative case and signifies movement 'up' or 'upward', or distribution 'each' or 'per'. As an adverb, it can mean 'up' or 'upward'. When used as a prefix, it often conveys meanings such as 'up', 'back', 'again', or 're-'. For example, in 'ἈΝΑΣΤΗΘΙ' (anastethi), it means 'stand up' or 'rise up'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'on, upon, up'.

G1342

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: dee-KAI-oo

Translations: (of) righteous, (of) a righteous one, (of) just, (of) a just one

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'a righteous person' or 'a just person'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For instance, 'between the righteous' or 'years of a righteous one'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right, law, or custom.

G1653

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-leh-AY-sai

Translations: to have mercy, to show pity, to be merciful

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἐλεέω' (eleeō), meaning 'to have mercy' or 'to show pity'. It describes the act of extending compassion or kindness to someone in need or distress. As an infinitive, it often functions as a verbal noun, indicating the purpose or result of an action, or as the object of another verb.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΤΕΙΡΩ, ΣΠΛΑΓΧΝΙΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'ἐλεέω' (eleeō) is derived from the noun 'ἔλεος' (eleos), meaning 'mercy' or 'pity'. It is related to the concept of compassion felt for another's suffering.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oh

Translations: I justify, I declare righteous, I make righteous, I acquit

Notes: This verb means to justify, to declare someone righteous, or to make them righteous. It can also mean to acquit someone of a charge. It is used to describe the act of God declaring or making people righteous in His sight, or to describe a legal process of vindication.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. The verb form means to render or declare someone righteous.

G5543

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHRAY-stos

Translations: good, kind, useful, easy, gentle, a good one, a kind one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as good, kind, useful, or gentle. It can refer to a person's character, indicating they are benevolent or gracious. It can also describe things as being useful, beneficial, or easy to bear. For example, a yoke might be described as 'easy' (χρηστός) if it is not burdensome.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΚΑΛΟΣ, ΕΥΧΡΗΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use'. It originally meant 'useful' or 'serviceable', and later developed the sense of 'good' or 'kind' in a moral or benevolent sense.

G1941

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-kah-LOO-meh-noys

Translations: (to) those calling upon, (to) those invoking, (to) those appealing to, (to) those surnamed

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'calling upon oneself', 'invoking', or 'appealing to'. It describes a group of people who are actively engaged in the action of calling upon or invoking someone or something. In the given context, it refers to those who call upon the Lord. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and 'καλέω' (to call).

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Dative Case, Plural Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΑΙΤΟΥΜΕΝΟΙΣ

G5281

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-mo-NEE

Translations: endurance, patience, perseverance, steadfastness, a patience, an endurance, a perseverance, a steadfastness

Notes: This word refers to the capacity to endure or bear up under difficult circumstances, often with a sense of steadfastness or patient waiting. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. Thus, it literally means 'a remaining under' or 'a bearing up under'. It describes the quality of not giving in to adversity or suffering, but rather maintaining one's resolve and hope.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΙΑ, ΑΝΔΡΙΑ, ΜΑΚΡΟΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΥΠΟ (HYPO), meaning 'under', and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (MENO), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. It describes the act of remaining steadfast under pressure or difficulty.

G3741

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: HO-see-oys

Translations: (to) holy, (to) pious, (to) righteous, (to) devout, (to) godly

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is holy, pious, or devout, especially in relation to God and religious duties. It implies a sense of moral purity and faithfulness. It is often used in a context of being set apart for God's service or being in right standing with Him. In this form, it is a dative plural, indicating 'to/for the holy ones' or 'to/for the pious ones'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΙΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΙΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΕΣΙΝ

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-es-TAH-nai

Translations: to stand by, to be present, to present, to offer, to assist, to appear, to be at hand

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to stand by,' 'to be present,' 'to present,' or 'to offer.' It is often used to describe someone or something being in attendance, ready to serve, or appearing before another. It can also mean to assist or to be at hand. It is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand.'

Inflection: Perfect Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΙΝΑΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΕΙΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2129