2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PEN-thoss

Translations: mourning, a mourning, grief, sorrow, lamentation

Notes: This word refers to a state of deep sorrow, grief, or lamentation, often expressed outwardly through weeping or other signs of distress. It is commonly used to describe the emotional response to death, loss, or disaster.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΡΗΝΟΣ, ΚΟΠΕΤΟΣ, ΛΥΠΗ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: ep

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, by, before, among, concerning, with

Notes: This word is a preposition, often used as a prefix in compound words. It is a shortened form of the preposition ἘΠΙ (epi), which loses its final vowel when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its precise meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place) or 'at, during' (of time); with the dative, it can mean 'on, at, by' (of place), 'in addition to', or 'for, because of'; and with the accusative, it typically means 'to, toward, against' (of motion) or 'over, upon' (of extent).

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ὙΠΕΡ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ (epi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'on, at, near'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) himself, (to) herself, (to) itself

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It functions as a personal pronoun meaning 'him', 'her', or 'it' when used as an indirect object, often translated with 'to' or 'for'. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. In some contexts, especially with the definite article, it can act as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'the same'. Its usage depends heavily on the surrounding context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G0071

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-GON-tos

Translations: leading, bringing, guiding, carrying, driving, going, of leading, of bringing, of guiding, of carrying, of driving, of going

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'leading' or 'bringing'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of leading, bringing, guiding, or carrying. It is often used to describe an action that is ongoing or continuous. In the genitive case, as it is here, it often indicates possession or a relationship, such as 'of one who is leading' or 'of leading'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩΝ, ΕΛΚΩΝ, ΟΔΗΓΩΝ

G1893

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEI

Translations: since, because, for, when, after, inasmuch as

Notes: This word functions as a conjunction or adverb, introducing a clause that provides a reason, cause, or time. As a conjunction, it can mean 'since' or 'because' when indicating a cause, or 'when' or 'after' when indicating time. As an adverb, it can mean 'for' or 'inasmuch as'. It often introduces a dependent clause that explains the main clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙΔΗ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and the particle εἰ (ei, 'if'). It originally meant 'upon the condition that' or 'when'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOOT

Translations: this, that, this one, that one, of this, of that, to this, to that

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun and adjective 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific, either nearby or previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, referring to a person or thing. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. Its meaning can shift slightly depending on the context, often emphasizing proximity or a specific reference.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BOHN

Translations: taking up, having taken up, receiving, assuming, picking up, restoring

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω. It is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana, meaning 'up' or 'again') and λαμβάνω (lambanō, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take up, pick up, or receive something, often implying an action of lifting or resuming. It can also mean to assume a role or to restore something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΩ

G3918, G3867

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EEN

Translations: was present, were present, was advising, was exhorting, was encouraging

Notes: This word is an inflected form that can come from two different Koine Greek verbs. It can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular or plural, of ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be present' or 'to be at hand'. In this sense, it describes someone or something being in a particular place or situation. Alternatively, it can be the imperfect active indicative, third person singular, of ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ, meaning 'to advise', 'to exhort', or 'to encourage'. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular or Plural (from ΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ); Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular (from ΠΑΡΑΙΝΕΩ)

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΗΜΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΑΡΕΙΜΙ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΕΥΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: eh-PEE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, concerning, during, by, beside, near, among, with respect to

Notes: This is a very common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'upon, over, on, at, in the time of, during, concerning, in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'upon, on, at, by, near, beside, in, for, in addition to, on the basis of, because of, in the time of, during, in the presence of, against'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'upon, on, to, against, over, for, with a view to, at, by, during, in the time of'. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'upon, besides, in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to similar prepositions in other Indo-European languages, conveying ideas of 'on, upon, over'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3708

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: oh-RON

Translations: seeing, looking, perceiving, observing, a seeing one

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'horao', meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is in the act of seeing or observing. It can be used to describe a person who is seeing, or to indicate the action of seeing in a continuous sense.

Inflection: Singular, Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: BLEPO, THEOREO, EIDO

Etymology: The word 'horao' (from which 'orōn' is derived) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is related to the Latin 'video' and English 'wit' or 'wise', indicating a connection to perception and knowledge.

G3729

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Verb

Sounds like: hor-MAY-meh-nos

Translations: having rushed, having set out, having been impelled, having been urged on, having been driven

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been set in motion' or 'having been driven/impelled'. It describes someone or something that has already started or been caused to move with force or intention. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the manner of an action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΡΜΑΩ, ΕΠΕΙΓΩ, ΣΠΕΥΔΩ

Etymology: The word Ὁρμάω (hormaō) comes from the noun ὅρμη (hormē), meaning 'a rapid motion, a start, an impulse, an assault'. It describes the act of setting oneself in motion or being driven by an impulse.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G2048

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-REH-moo

Translations: of the desert, of the wilderness, of a desolate place, desert, wilderness, desolate place

Notes: This word refers to a desolate, uninhabited, or solitary place, often a desert or wilderness. It can also be used as an adjective meaning 'desolate' or 'empty'. In the provided context, 'ἘΡΗΜΟΥ' is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of the desert'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ, ΕΡΗΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ἔρημος' (erēmos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁erh₁- meaning 'to separate, to set apart'. It describes a place that is separated or set apart from human habitation.

G1519

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, unto, among, in, toward

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates motion towards or into something. It is always used with the accusative case, showing the destination or goal of an action. It can also express purpose, result, or the object of an action. For example, it is used to say 'go into the city' or 'believe into Christ'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΕἸΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European *en-s, which is a locative adverb meaning 'in, into'. It is related to the English word 'in'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: as-fal-TI-tin

Translations: asphaltic, bituminous, of asphalt, pertaining to asphalt

Notes: This word is an adjective, meaning 'asphaltic' or 'bituminous', referring to something related to or made of asphalt. It is used to describe things associated with asphalt, such as a lake or a region known for its asphalt deposits. In the provided context, it likely refers to the 'Asphaltic Lake' (the Dead Sea), which is known for its asphalt deposits.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word ἈΣΦΑΛΤΙΤΙΣ is derived from the Greek word ἈΣΦΑΛΤΟΣ (asphaltos), meaning 'asphalt' or 'bitumen'. It refers to the natural tar-like substance found in certain regions.

G1571

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-DIH-doh-sin

Translations: he gives out, he gives up, he leases, he publishes, he delivers, he hands over, he gives in marriage

Notes: This word describes the action of giving something out, giving it up, or delivering it. It can also refer to leasing property, publishing information, or even giving a daughter in marriage. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a transfer of possession or authority.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἐκδίδωμι is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb δίδωμι (didōmi), meaning 'to give'.

G3724

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ho-RI-zohn

Translations: defining, determining, limiting, appointing, ordaining, a definer, a determiner

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ὁρίζω' (horizō), meaning 'to define, determine, limit, appoint, or ordain'. As a participle, it describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, describing someone or something that is defining or determining, or adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action. For example, it could refer to 'the one who defines' or 'while defining'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΙΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ὁρίζω' (horizō) comes from 'ὅρος' (horos), meaning 'boundary' or 'limit'. Thus, its core meaning relates to setting boundaries or defining limits.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3479

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: moh-ah-BEE-tin

Translations: Moabite woman, a Moabite woman, Moabite (feminine)

Notes: This word refers to a female inhabitant of Moab, a historical region located east of the Dead Sea. It can be used as a noun to denote a Moabite woman or as an adjective to describe something as Moabite and feminine. For example, it might be used to describe a woman from Moab or the land of Moab itself when referring to it in a feminine context.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from ΜΩΑΒ (Moab), the name of the ancient kingdom and its people. The suffix -ΙΤΙΣ indicates a female inhabitant or a feminine adjective related to the place.

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahn-throh-POHN

Translations: (of) men, (of) people, (of) humankind

Notes: ἈΝΘΡΩΠΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ, which means 'man', 'human being', or 'person'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, translating to 'of men' or 'of people'. It refers to human beings in general, often distinguishing them from God or other creatures.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, likely a compound of ἀνήρ (anēr, 'man') and ὤψ (ōps, 'face, eye'), possibly meaning 'one who looks up' or 'one with a human face'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-ga-THOYS

Translations: (to) good, (for) good, (with) good, (by) good, (to) beneficial, (for) beneficial, (with) beneficial, (by) beneficial, (to) virtuous, (for) virtuous, (with) virtuous, (by) virtuous

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'good', 'beneficial', or 'virtuous'. It can refer to things that are good in quality, morally good, or beneficial in effect. In its dative plural form, as seen here, it indicates the indirect object or means, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'with', or 'by', referring to multiple good things or people.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΟΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΙΣ

G2425

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-KAH-nay

Translations: sufficient, enough, adequate, competent, worthy, able, considerable, a considerable

Notes: This word describes something as being sufficient, adequate, or enough for a particular purpose or situation. It can also refer to someone who is competent or worthy. In some contexts, it can mean 'considerable' when referring to quantity or size. It is often used to indicate that something meets a required standard or amount.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ, ΕΥΘΕΤΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΣ

G5142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TRE-fain

Translations: to nourish, to feed, to bring up, to rear

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning 'to nourish' or 'to feed'. It can refer to providing physical sustenance, like food, or to the act of raising and educating children or young animals. It implies sustained care and provision.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΩ, ΘΡΕΨΩ, ΣΙΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: From an uncontracted form of the verb ΤΡΕΦΩ, meaning 'to nourish' or 'to feed'. Its origin is from Proto-Indo-European, related to concepts of thickening or solidifying.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, so, consequently, accordingly, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or emphasis. It often connects a statement to what precedes it, meaning 'therefore' or 'consequently'. It can also be used to introduce a new point or a summary, translated as 'then' or 'now'. In some contexts, it adds emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'certainly'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ἈΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥ͂Ν

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *nu, meaning 'now' or 'then'. It is related to Latin 'nunc' (now) and English 'now'.

G0936

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: bah-see-LEH-on-tah

Translations: reigning, ruling, being king, the one reigning, those reigning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'βασιλεύω', meaning 'to reign' or 'to rule as king'. As a participle, it describes someone who is currently in the act of reigning or ruling. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one reigning' or 'those who are reigning').

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative, Singular Masculine or Neuter, or Plural Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΟΝΤΑ

Etymology: The word βασιλεύω (basileuō) comes from the noun βασιλεύς (basileus), meaning 'king'. Its origin can be traced back to Mycenaean Greek, where it referred to a chieftain or local official, and later evolved to mean a sovereign ruler.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G0154

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ai-TON

Translations: asking, demanding, begging, requesting, one who asks, one who demands

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'αἰτέω' (aiteō), meaning 'to ask' or 'to demand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or an adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. It can be translated as 'asking' or 'demanding', or as 'one who asks/demands' when used substantively.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ἘΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The verb αἰτέω (aiteō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to seek' or 'to desire'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: EHF

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, for, because of, with, by

Notes: This word is an elided form of the Greek preposition ἘΠΊ (epi), which means 'on,' 'upon,' or 'over.' The final vowel of ἘΠΊ is dropped before a word beginning with a vowel, especially a rough breathing mark, resulting in ἘΦ. Its precise meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'on' or 'upon' (of place or time); with the dative, it means 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' or 'for' (of position or cause); and with the accusative, it means 'on,' 'to,' 'against,' or 'over' (of motion or purpose). It is also commonly used as a prefix in compound words.

Inflection: Does not inflect; it is an elided form of the preposition ἘΠΊ. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs (Genitive, Dative, or Accusative).

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AHN

Translations: if, ever, might, would, should

Notes: This word is a particle used to express contingency, possibility, or potentiality. It does not have a direct English equivalent but modifies the meaning of the verb it accompanies, often indicating that an action is dependent on a condition or is hypothetical. It is frequently used with the subjunctive or optative moods to form conditional clauses or express indefinite temporal or relative clauses.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The origin of this particle is uncertain, but it is believed to be an ancient particle in Greek, possibly related to the concept of 'on' or 'up' in some contexts, though its primary function became conditional.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G0091

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-dee-kay-THEH-nai

Translations: to be wronged, to suffer injustice, to be treated unjustly

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'adikeō', meaning 'to do wrong' or 'to be unjust'. In its passive form, 'adikēthēnai' means 'to be wronged' or 'to suffer injustice'. It describes the state of being the recipient of an unjust act or unfair treatment. It is often used in contexts where someone is being harmed or treated unfairly by another.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΠΤΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΑΚΟΥΣΘΑΙ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-RAH-tei

Translations: he was holding, she was holding, it was holding, he was ruling, she was ruling, it was ruling, he was prevailing, she was prevailing, it was prevailing, he was strong, she was strong, it was strong

Notes: This word describes an action of holding, ruling, or prevailing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It indicates a continuous state of power, control, or strength. For example, it could be used to say 'he was holding the rope' or 'he was ruling the city'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ, ΚΥΡΙΕΥΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0058

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-go-RAH

Translations: marketplace, a marketplace, market, a market, public square, a public square

Notes: This word refers to a public place of assembly, typically an open space in a city or town. It was used for various purposes, including commerce (a market), legal proceedings, and general public gatherings. It is often translated as 'marketplace' or 'public square'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΤΕΙΑ, ἘΜΠΟΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀγορά' (Agora) comes from the Greek verb 'ἀγείρω' (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to assemble'. It refers to a place where people gather.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KHRAY-sthai

Translations: to use, to employ, to make use of

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used or for what purpose. It can be translated as 'to use' or 'to make use of' in English.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΕΣΘΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai) comes from the root 'χράω' (chraō), meaning 'to furnish, to utter an oracle'. It developed the meaning 'to use' in the middle voice.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1565

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-nohn

Translations: of those, of them, those

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'those'. In this inflected form, it indicates possession or origin, translating to 'of those' or 'of them'. It is used to refer to people or things that are distant in space or time, or to distinguish them from others. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'the houses of those people' or 'the events of those days'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΤΟΥΤΩΝ

G3089

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: loo-see-TEH-les

Translations: profitable, advantageous, useful, a profitable thing, an advantageous thing

Notes: This word describes something that is profitable, advantageous, or useful. It refers to something that brings benefit, gain, or a good outcome. It can be used to describe actions, situations, or objects that are beneficial.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΜΦΕΡΩΝ, ΩΦΕΛΙΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: λύσις (lysis), meaning 'a loosening, a release, a payment', and τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, purpose, completion, payment'. Thus, it literally means 'payment that brings an end' or 'payment that completes', evolving to mean 'profitable' or 'advantageous'.

G1519, G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Preposition, Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: E

Translations: into, to, for, unto, in, if, you are

Notes: This word is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (the apostrophe-like mark) at the end. It most commonly represents the preposition 'εἰς' (eis), meaning 'into, to, for', especially when followed by a vowel. It can also represent the conjunction 'εἰ' (ei), meaning 'if', or the verb 'εἶ' (ei), meaning 'you are'. In the provided examples, it functions as the preposition 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or object. It is used with the accusative case.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as an elided form); the original words it represents have their own inflections (e.g., 'εἰς' is a preposition and does not inflect; 'εἰ' is a conjunction and does not inflect; 'εἶ' is a verb, 2nd Person Singular, Present, Indicative, Active).

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOYS

Translations: (to) them, (to) themselves, (to) it, (to) him, (to) her

Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the personal/demonstrative pronoun 'ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ'. It typically means 'to/for them' or 'to/for themselves', depending on the context. It can refer to people or things. When used reflexively, it emphasizes the subject performing an action on or for themselves. It can also be used to refer to 'it', 'him', or 'her' in the dative case when the gender and number are clear from context, though 'them' is its primary plural translation.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

G0720

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ar-NOO-meh-nos

Translations: denying, refusing, disowning, rejecting, gainsaying

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ἀρνέομαι', meaning 'to deny' or 'to refuse'. It describes someone who is in the act of denying or refusing something. It can be used to describe someone who disowns a person, rejects a claim, or denies a fact. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in a sentence.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ἈΠΟΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ἈΘΕΤΕΩ, ἈΠΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ

G3615

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oy-KAY-on

Translations: one's own, proper, fitting, suitable, domestic, familiar, a proper thing, one's own thing

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as belonging to one's household, family, or self. It can also mean something that is proper, fitting, or suitable for a particular situation or person. It is often used to indicate a close relationship or inherent quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΙΔΙΟΣ, ΕΜΟΣ, ΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΕΙΟΣ (from which ΟἸΚΕΙΟΝ is derived) comes from ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'household'. It refers to that which pertains to or belongs to a house or family.

G1444

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: heb-RAI-oos

Translations: Hebrews, Jews, a Hebrew, a Jew

Notes: This word refers to a Hebrew or a Jew. It can be used as a noun to denote a person of Hebrew descent or Jewish faith, or as an adjective to describe something related to the Hebrews or Jews. In the provided context, it is used to refer to the people whom Moses led out of Egypt.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Hebrew 'Ibhri (עִבְרִי), meaning 'one from beyond' or 'one who crossed over', referring to Abraham who crossed the Euphrates River. It entered Greek through Aramaic.

G1229

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-BAH-ee-nayn

Translations: to cross over, to pass through, to go through

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'διά' (through, across) and 'βαίνω' (to go, to step). It means to go across or pass through something, such as a river, a desert, or a boundary. It describes the action of traversing a space or obstacle.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΕΡΑΩ, ΔΙΑΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From 'διά' (through, across) and 'βαίνω' (to go, to step). The root 'βαίνω' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to go, to step'.

G2967

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-LOO-ayn

Translations: to hinder, to prevent, to forbid, to restrain, to keep back

Notes: This verb means to hinder, prevent, or forbid someone from doing something. It can be used to describe an action that stops or impedes another action or person. For example, one might hinder someone from entering a place, or prevent an event from occurring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Koine Greek κωλύω (kōlúō), meaning 'to hinder, prevent'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to κῶλον (kōlon), meaning 'limb, member', perhaps implying a 'crippling' or 'impeding' action.

G1223

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-KEE-meh-non

Translations: being disposed, being in a certain state, being affected, a thing being disposed, a thing being in a certain state, a thing being affected

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'διακεῖμαι' (diakeimai), meaning 'to be disposed,' 'to be in a certain state,' or 'to be affected.' It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart,' and 'κεῖμαι' (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be placed.' When used, it describes something or someone that is currently in a particular condition or disposition.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G4065

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: peh-ree-froh-noo-MEH-nohs

Translations: despised, scorned, disdained, neglected, looked down upon

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'περιφρονέω'. It describes someone or something that is being looked down upon, despised, or treated with contempt. It implies a state of being disregarded or scorned by others.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΦΡΟΝΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΟΡΑΩ

Etymology: From 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and 'φρονέω' (phroneō), meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'. The compound verb thus means 'to think around' or 'to think above', leading to the sense of looking down upon or despising.

G0430

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-khes-thai

Translations: to endure, to bear, to tolerate, to put up with, to suffer

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, it means to hold oneself up against something, hence to endure or tolerate. It is used to describe the act of patiently bearing a difficult situation, person, or circumstance without giving in or complaining.

Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ὙΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνέχω is a compound of ἀνά (aná), meaning 'up' or 'back', and ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It literally means 'to hold up' or 'to hold back', which evolved into the sense of enduring or tolerating.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEIN

Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eg-NOH

Translations: knew, recognized, understood, perceived

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to come to know'. It describes an action of knowing or recognizing that occurred in the past, often implying a completed or definite act of gaining knowledge or understanding. It can be used in sentences like 'he knew' or 'she recognized'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΔΑ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G0675

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-prax-EE-as

Translations: (of) inactivity, (of) idleness, (of) failure to act

Notes: This word refers to a state of inactivity, idleness, or a failure to take action. It describes a condition where one is not engaged in work or purposeful activity. It is used in a genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated as 'of inactivity' or 'of idleness'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΓΙΑ, ΑΚΙΝΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΠΡΑΞΙΑ (apraxia) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἀ- (a-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and πρᾶξις (praxis), meaning 'action' or 'deed'. Thus, it literally means 'without action' or 'inactivity'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G5259

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G4387

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: PRO-teh-ron

Translations: before, formerly, first, earlier, a former thing, a prior thing

Notes: This word functions primarily as an adverb meaning 'before' or 'formerly' in time, indicating something that happened earlier or previously. It can also be the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πρότερος', meaning 'prior' or 'former', often used substantively to refer to 'the former thing' or 'that which was before'. It is used to contrast with something that comes later.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (often used adverbially)

Synonyms: ΠΡΙΝ, ΠΑΛΑΙ, ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ is a comparative form derived from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G4895

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EH-peh-seh

Translations: fell, fell down, coincided, happened, met, encountered

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΣΥΜΠΙΠΤΩ (sympiptō), which is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It generally means 'to fall together', 'to coincide', 'to happen', or 'to meet'. In some contexts, especially when referring to a person's face, it can mean 'to fall' or 'to be cast down', indicating a change in expression due to sadness or anger.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΜΠΙΠΤΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō), meaning 'to fall'.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-khon

Translations: had, were having, possessed, held

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to indicate possession, a state of being, or to describe an action that was happening over a period of time in the past. For example, 'they had' or 'they were holding'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

G1231

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ag-NOOS

Translations: having ascertained, having known fully, having decided, having determined, having discerned

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'διαγιγνώσκω'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, indicating that the subject has fully come to know, discern, or decide something. It can be translated as 'having ascertained' or 'having decided', and functions adjectivally or adverbially in a sentence, modifying a noun or verb to show the result of a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΝΟΥΣ, ΕΠΙΓΝΟΥΣ, ΚΡΙΝΑΣ

Etymology: The word διαγιγνώσκω is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know' or 'to perceive'. Thus, it signifies 'to know thoroughly' or 'to discern completely'.

G1902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-see-MAY-nahn-toss

Translations: having indicated, having marked, having signified, having shown, having given a sign

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'episēmainō', meaning to give a sign, to indicate, or to mark. It describes an action that has already occurred, performed by the subject. It is often used in contexts where a divine or authoritative entity provides a clear indication or sign of something.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Genitive

Synonyms: ΔΗΛΟΩ, ΣΗΜΑΙΝΩ, ΕΝΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, him, her, it, them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very

Notes: ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is a versatile word in Koine Greek. As a third-person pronoun, it translates to 'he, she, it' or 'they' in the nominative case, and 'him, her, it' or 'them' in other cases. When used intensively, often in the nominative or immediately following the noun, it means 'himself, herself, itself, themselves' or 'even, very'. When used as an adjective with the definite article (e.g., 'ὁ αὐτὸς'), it means 'the same'. Its meaning depends on its grammatical function and position in the sentence.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥ̓ΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a pronominal stem *au- or *aw-.

G2293

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: thar-sah-LEH-ohs

Translations: boldly, courageously, confidently, with confidence

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'boldly' or 'courageously'. It describes an action performed with confidence and bravery, without fear. It is often used to describe someone acting with a strong, unwavering spirit in the face of challenges or danger.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΟΛΜΗΡΩΣ, ΕΥΘΑΡΣΩΣ, ΑΦΟΒΩΣ

Etymology: The word ΘΑΡΣΑΛΕΩΣ is an adverb derived from the adjective ΘΑΡΣΑΛΕΟΣ (tharsaleos), which means 'bold' or 'courageous'. This adjective, in turn, comes from the verb ΘΑΡΣΕΩ (tharseō), meaning 'to be bold' or 'to be confident', and ultimately from the noun ΘΑΡΣΟΣ (tharsos), meaning 'courage' or 'confidence'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-kheh

Translations: he had, she had, it had, he was having, she was having, it was having

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or a state of possession that existed in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He had a house' or 'She was holding the book'.

Inflection: Third person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

G4757

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tahs

Translations: soldiers

Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is typically used to describe individuals who serve in a military capacity, often in a group. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the subject of a description.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word στρατιώτης (stratiōtēs) comes from στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service', which itself is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G3948

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-OR-ma

Translations: exhorted, urged on, encouraged, incited

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb παρορμάω (parhormaō). It means to strongly urge, exhort, encourage, or incite someone to action. It describes the act of spurring someone on, often with a sense of urgency or strong persuasion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΓΚΕΛΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, "beside, by") and ὁρμάω (hormáō, "to set in motion, urge on"). It literally means to urge on alongside or to incite.

G0514, G0516

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: ax-ee-OHN

Translations: worthy, deserving, fitting, suitable, to deem worthy, to consider worthy, to ask, to request, to expect, to think fit, of worthy ones, of those who are worthy

Notes: This word can function as a verb or an adjective. As a verb (from ἀξιόω), it means 'to deem worthy,' 'to consider worthy,' 'to ask,' 'to request,' or 'to expect.' As an adjective (from ἄξιος), it means 'worthy,' 'deserving,' 'fitting,' or 'suitable.' The form 'ἈΞΙΩΝ' can be a present active participle (nominative masculine singular) of the verb 'ἀξιόω', meaning 'deeming worthy' or 'asking'. It can also be the genitive plural (masculine, feminine, or neuter) of the adjective 'ἄξιος', meaning 'of worthy ones' or 'of those who are worthy'. Its meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Present Active Participle (Nominative, Masculine, Singular) or Genitive Plural (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΕΥ̓ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΕΠΩΝ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, how

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce various types of clauses. It can introduce a direct or indirect statement, often translated as 'that'. It can also introduce a causal clause, meaning 'because' or 'for', explaining the reason for something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'how'. It is a very common and versatile word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *yod, a relative pronominal stem. It is cognate with Latin 'quod' and English 'that'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TEH

Translations: she, herself, to her, for her, of her, her, it, itself, to it, for it, of it, its, they, them, themselves

Notes: This word is a form of the pronoun 'autos', meaning 'self' or 'same'. It can function as a personal pronoun (he, she, it, they), a reflexive pronoun (himself, herself, itself, themselves), or an intensive pronoun (the very, the same). Its specific meaning depends on its case, number, and gender, and the context of the sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine; or Singular, Dative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative, Neuter

Etymology: The word 'autos' (from which 'autē' is derived) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to-, a pronominal stem. It is related to other pronouns and demonstratives in various Indo-European languages.

G4784

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soong-kho-REH-ee

Translations: allow, permit, grant, concede, forgive, yield

Notes: This verb means to allow, permit, or grant something. It can also mean to concede a point in an argument or to forgive someone. It is often used to indicate that someone gives permission for an action to take place or yields to another's request or argument.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΑΩ, ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word συγχωρέω (synchōreō) is a compound word formed from the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb χωρέω (chōreō), meaning 'to make room', 'to go', or 'to give way'. Thus, it literally means 'to make room with' or 'to give way together', leading to the sense of allowing or conceding.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-boh-MEH-noy

Translations: having taken, having received, having seized, having grasped, having gotten, having obtained

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle, meaning 'having taken' or 'having received'. It describes an action completed in the past, often implying a cause or circumstance for the main verb's action. For example, it could be translated as 'when they took' or 'after they received'. It is derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), which means 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to grasp'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3833

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pan-op-LEE-as

Translations: (of) full armor, (of) complete armor, (of) panoply

Notes: This word refers to the complete set of defensive and offensive equipment worn by a heavily armed soldier, such as a hoplite. It signifies the entire array of weaponry and protective gear. It is often used metaphorically to describe spiritual armor.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΠΛΑ, ΠΑΝΤΕΥΧΙΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of πᾶν (pan), meaning 'all' or 'every', and ὅπλον (hoplon), meaning 'weapon' or 'armor'. It literally means 'all armor' or 'complete armor'.

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking up, having taken up, picking up, receiving, assuming, restoring, recovering

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'analambanō', meaning 'to take up', 'to lift up', 'to pick up', 'to receive', or 'to assume'. It often implies an action of lifting or carrying something away, or taking on a responsibility or role. It can also refer to recovering or restoring something. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the main verb, often translated as 'having taken up' or 'taking up'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G5562

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-HOH-roon

Translations: they were going, they were making room, they were advancing, they were containing, they were holding

Notes: This word is a verb indicating movement, progression, or capacity. It describes an action of going, advancing, making space, or being able to contain something. It is used to describe a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. The verb implies movement into or having space.

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, a work, deed, act, task, business

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can describe anything that is done, whether it's a physical labor, a moral act, or a task to be accomplished. It is often used to denote the result of an action or the activity itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ergon' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-, meaning 'to do' or 'to work'. It is related to English words like 'work' and 'energy'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0273

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-mor-RAH-ee-os

Translations: Amorite, an Amorite

Notes: This word refers to an Amorite, a member of an ancient Semitic-speaking people who inhabited Mesopotamia and Syria from the third millennium BC. In the biblical context, they were one of the nations inhabiting Canaan before the Israelite conquest. The term can refer to an individual Amorite or the people collectively.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ἈΜΟΡΡΑΙΟΣ is derived from the Hebrew word אֱמֹרִי (ʾĔmōrī), which refers to the Amorite people. It entered Greek through translation of the Hebrew scriptures.

G1904

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-ON-tohn

Translations: (of) those coming upon, (of) those approaching, (of) those attacking, (of) those advancing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ἔπειμι' (epeimi), meaning 'to come upon,' 'to approach,' or 'to attack.' As a genitive plural participle, it refers to 'those who are coming upon' or 'those who are attacking.' It is often used to describe groups of people who are advancing or making an assault.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΙΟΝΤΩΝ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G3664

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ho-MOY-os

Translations: like, similar, a like, a similar

Notes: This word describes something that is similar to or resembles something else. It is used to compare two or more things, indicating that they share common characteristics or appearance. For example, it can be used to say 'like him' or 'similar to God'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; can also be other cases and plural. It inflects for gender, number, and case.

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΠΛΗΣΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΤΥΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *somH- 'same, one'. It is related to words meaning 'same' or 'together'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G0243

Part of Speech: Prefix

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: other, another, different, foreign

Notes: This is a prefix form of the word 'ἄλλος' (allos), meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is used to form compound words that convey the idea of something being different, foreign, or belonging to another group. For example, 'ἀλλογενῶν' means 'of other races', 'ἀλλότριοι' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', and 'ἀλλόφυλους' means 'foreigners' or 'of another tribe'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix)

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2684

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tep-LAH-gee

Translations: was astonished, was amazed, was astounded, was struck with amazement

Notes: This word describes being utterly astonished or amazed, often to the point of being overwhelmed or struck dumb. It implies a strong emotional reaction to something unexpected, impressive, or shocking. It is typically used to describe someone's reaction to a remarkable event, a powerful teaching, or an extraordinary deed.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΠΛΗΣΣΩ (kataplessō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΠΛΗΣΣΩ (plēssō), meaning 'to strike' or 'to smite'. Thus, it literally means 'to strike down' or 'to strike hard', which evolved to mean 'to strike with amazement' or 'to astound'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1411

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DOO-nah-mees

Translations: power, might, strength, ability, miracle, a power, a miracle

Notes: This word refers to inherent power, ability, or strength, often implying a capacity for action or accomplishment. It can describe physical strength, moral power, or even miraculous power, especially when referring to divine power or acts of God. It is frequently used in the New Testament to denote the supernatural power of God or the Holy Spirit, or the power demonstrated through miracles.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From δύναμαι (dynamai, "to be able, to have power"), which is of uncertain origin.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-RE-khoo-sa

Translations: providing, giving, presenting, supplying, affording, causing, producing, showing, rendering

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō), meaning 'to provide' or 'to give'. It describes an ongoing action of providing or supplying something. It can be used to describe someone or something that is in the act of giving, presenting, or causing an effect.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G2115

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-PSY-khon

Translations: courageous, brave, of good courage, a courageous thing, a brave thing

Notes: This word describes someone or something as having a good spirit, courage, or bravery. It is used to indicate a state of being stout-hearted or resolute in the face of difficulty. It can refer to a person who is brave, or to an action or quality that demonstrates courage.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΑΛΕΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and ψυχή (psychē), meaning 'soul', 'spirit', or 'life'. Thus, it literally means 'having a good soul' or 'having a good spirit', which translates to courageous or brave.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doh-KEIN

Translations: to seem, to appear, to think, to suppose, to be thought, to be esteemed

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δοκέω'. It is commonly used to express the idea of something appearing to be true, or someone thinking or supposing something. It can be used impersonally (it seems) or with a subject and infinitive construction (someone seems to do something). It often conveys a sense of subjective perception or opinion rather than objective fact.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'δοκέω' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dek-, meaning 'to take, accept, receive, be fitting'. It is related to words signifying 'opinion' or 'appearance'.

G1651

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pay-LENG-khthay

Translations: was convicted, was exposed, was refuted, was proven wrong, was rebuked, was put to shame

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative third person singular form of the verb 'ἐλέγχω' (elegchō), compounded with the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo). The base verb 'ἐλέγχω' means to convict, expose, refute, or rebuke. When compounded with 'ἀπό', it can intensify the sense of being thoroughly exposed, convicted, or put to shame, often implying a definitive and complete refutation or exposure. It describes an action where someone or something is definitively shown to be wrong, guilty, or false.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΛΕΓΧΘΗ, ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΗΘΗ, ΕΞΕΦΑΝΗ

G5399

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: peh-foh-BEE-meh-nee

Translations: frightened, afraid, terrified, a frightened one, an afraid one

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been frightened' or 'having become afraid'. It describes someone or something that is in a state of fear as a result of a past action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun to indicate that the noun is in a state of being frightened or terrified.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΙΚΥΙΑ, ΕΚΦΟΒΟΣ

G4896

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SOO-no-don

Translations: assembly, an assembly, gathering, a gathering, meeting, a meeting, synod, a synod

Notes: This word refers to a coming together or a meeting of people, an assembly, or a gathering. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΟΔΟΣ (HODOS), meaning 'way' or 'journey'. Thus, it literally means 'a coming together on a way' or 'a joint journey', which evolved to mean a meeting or assembly.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ is derived from the Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΟΔΟΣ (hodos), meaning 'way' or 'journey'. It describes the act of coming together or traveling together.

G5278

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-MEH-nan-tes

Translations: having endured, having persevered, having remained, having stood firm, having waited patiently

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb ὑπομένω (hypomenō). It describes an action of enduring, persevering, or remaining under something, often implying steadfastness in the face of difficulty or opposition. It is used to describe those who have already completed the action of enduring or persevering. The word combines ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'beneath', and μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ, ΑΝΤΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΕΩ

G0436

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tis-TEE-nai

Translations: to resist, to stand against, to oppose, to withstand

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb ἀνθίστημι (anthistēmi). It is a compound word formed from ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand'. Therefore, it literally means 'to stand against' or 'to set oneself against'. It is used to describe the act of resisting or opposing someone or something, often implying a firm and determined stance.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G5274

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: hoo-po-LA-bon-tes

Translations: having taken up, having supposed, having answered, having received, having entertained

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'hypolambanō'. It is a compound word formed from 'hypo' (under, by, in response to) and 'lambanō' (to take, receive). Depending on the context, it can mean to take up (from below), to receive (a guest), to suppose or assume, or to answer (by taking up a statement). As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often translated with 'having' or implying a preceding action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΡΙΘΕΝΤΕΣ, ΛΑΒΟΝΤΕΣ

G2228, G3588

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Definite Article, Numeral

Sounds like: AY

Translations: or, the, 8

Notes: This word can function as a conjunction meaning 'or', indicating an alternative or choice between two or more options. It can also be the feminine nominative singular form of the definite article 'the', used to specify a feminine noun that is the subject of a sentence. The '̓' (coronis) indicates that this form is an elision, meaning it's a shortened form of a word like ἤ (e.g., when followed by a vowel). Additionally, the '̓' could be a keraia, indicating the numeral 8.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as conjunction or numeral); Singular, Nominative, Feminine (as definite article)

Etymology: The conjunction ἤ (e.g., from which Ἠ is an elision) is of uncertain origin. The definite article ἡ (from which Ἠ is an elision) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The numeral meaning is derived from the Greek letter eta (Η), which was used to represent the number 8.

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EX-ayn

Translations: to provide, to furnish, to supply, to offer, to grant, to cause, to present, to afford

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb παρέχω (parechō). It means 'to provide' or 'to furnish' something to someone. It can also mean 'to offer' or 'to grant' a benefit or service. In a broader sense, it can imply 'to cause' or 'to present' a certain state or condition. It is often used in contexts where one person or entity makes something available to another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΕΙΝ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to hold alongside' or 'to have ready', which evolved into 'to provide' or 'to furnish'.

G2292

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THAR-roon

Translations: they were confident, they were courageous, they were bold, they had courage, they were encouraged

Notes: This word describes a state of being confident, courageous, or bold. It is often used to express a sense of inner strength or assurance in the face of difficulty or danger. In the provided examples, it indicates that a group of people felt confident or had courage in various situations.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΣΕΩ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΕΥΨΥΧΕΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3735

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: okh-y-RAIS

Translations: strong, fortified, a strong, a fortified

Notes: This word describes something that is strong, firm, or fortified, often referring to places like cities or walls that are made secure against attack. It is used to indicate a place that is well-defended or difficult to overcome.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΑΙΟΣ, ΑΣΦΑΛΗΣ

Etymology: The word ὀχυρός (ochyros) comes from the Greek verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have, hold, possess', implying something that holds firm or is held securely.

G3789

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-FEH-loss

Translations: profit, advantage, benefit, a profit, an advantage, a benefit

Notes: This word refers to profit, advantage, or benefit. It is often used to describe something that is useful or helpful, or the gain derived from an action or situation. It can be used in contexts where one might ask, 'What is the benefit of this?' or 'There is no advantage in that.'

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΡΔΟΣ, ΩΦΕΛΕΙΑ, ΧΡΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ὈΦΕΛΟΣ is derived from the verb ὀφέλλω (ophellō), meaning 'to increase, to help, to benefit.' It is related to the concept of growth or gain.

G4841

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-dee-okh-THAY-seen

Translations: having been pursued with, having been persecuted with, having been chased with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (SYN-), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΔΙΩΚΩ (DIOKO), meaning 'to pursue' or 'to persecute'. Therefore, the compound verb means 'to pursue together' or 'to persecute together'. This particular form is a passive participle, indicating that the subject is the one being pursued or persecuted alongside others. It describes an action that has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΙΩΚΩ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1749

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: en-DON-tas

Translations: giving in, yielding, surrendering, allowing, granting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'endidomi', meaning 'to give in' or 'to yield'. It describes someone who is in the act of surrendering, conceding, or allowing something. It can be used to describe a person or group that is yielding to pressure, giving permission, or simply allowing an action to occur.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ὙΠΟΧΩΡΟΥ͂ΝΤΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΩΡΟΥ͂ΝΤΑΣ

G1759

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-EH-kin-toh

Translations: they were urgent, they pressed upon, they insisted, they lay upon, they were laid upon

Notes: This word describes an action of pressing upon, urging, or insisting with force or persistence. It can also mean to lie upon or be laid upon something. It implies a strong, persistent action or pressure, often in a hostile or demanding manner.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ἘΠΙΚΕΙ͂ΜΑΙ, ἘΠΙΜΕΝΩ, ΠΙΕΖΩ

Etymology: From the prefix ἘΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and ΚΕΙ͂ΜΑΙ (keimai), meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'.

G3891

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-LY-san-tes

Translations: paralyzed, having paralyzed, having been paralyzed, having weakened, having been weakened

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'paralyze' or 'weaken'. It describes someone who has performed the action of paralyzing or weakening, or who has been paralyzed or weakened. It is often used to describe a state of being incapacitated or made ineffective.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΔΥΝΑΤΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΑΣΘΕΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G2889

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOS-mon

Translations: world, a world, universe, an universe, adornment, an adornment, order, an order

Notes: This word refers to the world, the universe, or the created order. It can also mean adornment, decoration, or arrangement. In the New Testament, it often refers to humanity or the sinful world system, but can also refer to the physical world. As an accusative noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ, ΑΙΩΝ

G2525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tes-TEE-san

Translations: they appointed, they established, they set, they put, they made

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to appoint, establish, set, or put someone or something in a particular position or state. It is often used in contexts where authority is given or a structure is put in place. For example, it can describe appointing officials, establishing laws, or setting up a system. It is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb καθίστημι.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΟΡΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word καθίστημι (kathistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Together, they convey the sense of setting something down firmly or establishing it.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eph-EHF-gon

Translations: they were fleeing, they fled, they were escaping, they escaped

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'φεύγω' (pheugō), meaning 'to flee' or 'to escape'. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. So, 'they were fleeing' or 'they kept on fleeing' are common translations. It describes an ongoing or habitual action of fleeing or escaping by a group of people.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express absolute negation. It typically precedes verbs, adjectives, or adverbs to deny or contradict a statement. It is used when the negation is a statement of fact, as opposed to a hypothetical or willed negation. It has variant forms like οὐ (ou) before a consonant and οὐχ (ouch) before a rough breathing.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΉ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'not'. It is an ancient negative particle found in various Indo-European languages.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G4645

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ep-ee-tah-lai-po-RAY-sai

Translations: to suffer additional hardship, to toil additionally, to be further distressed, to undergo further tribulation

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefixes ΠΡΟΣ- (pros-, 'in addition to, toward') and ΕΠΙ- (epi-, 'upon, in addition to'), combined with the verb ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ (talaipōreō, 'to suffer hardship, toil'). It means to suffer hardship or toil *in addition* to what has already been experienced, or to exert oneself further in a difficult situation. It describes enduring further distress or tribulation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΟΠΙΑΩ, ΜΟΧΘΕΩ, ΚΑΜΝΩ

G4388

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-THEM-eh-noy

Translations: having purposed, having proposed, having set before, having intended, having displayed

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'protithēmi'. It describes an action that has been completed by the subject, specifically the act of setting something before oneself, whether literally or figuratively. It often conveys the idea of having a purpose, intention, or plan, or of displaying something publicly.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΣΑΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΚΘΕΜΕΝΟΙ

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: TIN-kha-non-tes

Translations: obtaining, happening, meeting, attaining, reaching, getting, receiving, being, becoming, falling upon

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ. It describes someone or something that is in the process of obtaining, happening, meeting, or attaining something. It can also mean 'to be' or 'to become' in certain contexts, or 'to fall upon' in the sense of encountering. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to describe an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ

G1651

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-boh-loys

Translations: far-shooting, far-darting, far-striking, far-casting

Notes: This word describes something or someone that shoots or casts from a distance, often referring to archers or deities like Apollo. It emphasizes the ability to strike targets that are far away. It is a compound word formed from 'ekas' (far off) and 'ballō' (to throw, cast, shoot).

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΗΛΕΒΟΛΟΣ, ΕΚΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΗΒΟΛΟΣ (ekēbolos) is a compound of ἔκας (ekas), meaning 'far off' or 'at a distance', and βολή (bolē), meaning 'a throw' or 'a cast', which comes from the verb βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to shoot'. It describes something that throws or shoots from afar.

G1188

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEK-see-oy

Translations: right, right hand, right side, skillful, right-handed, right-hand ones

Notes: This word refers to the right side or the right hand. It can also describe someone who is skillful or adept, particularly with their right hand. In a general sense, it can refer to things or people on the right side, or those who are considered 'right' in a figurative sense, such as being correct or proper. It is often used in the plural to refer to 'those on the right' or 'right-handed ones'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΔΕΞΙΟΣ, ΕΥΧΕΙΡ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΞΙΟΣ (dexios) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deḱs- meaning 'right'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages referring to the right side or skill.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: OO-san

Translations: being, existing, that is, that exists

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. As a participle, it describes something that is 'being' or 'existing' at the time of the action. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun). In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition, referring to a feminine noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Etymology: The verb ΕἸΜΙ (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G2117

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: yoo-STA-lay

Translations: well-dressed, well-arranged, orderly, proper, decent

Notes: This word describes something that is well-arranged, orderly, or decent. It can refer to being well-dressed or having a proper appearance, but also to things being done in an orderly or seemly manner. It implies a sense of appropriateness and good order.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΙΟΣ, ΕΥ̓ΠΡΕΠΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good', and στέλλω (stellō), meaning 'to arrange', 'to send', or 'to equip'. Thus, it literally means 'well-arranged' or 'well-equipped'.

G2895

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KOO-foi

Translations: light, a light, nimble, swift, a swift, trivial, a trivial

Notes: This word describes something as light in weight, not heavy. It can also refer to something that is nimble or swift, indicating quickness or agility. In a figurative sense, it can mean trivial or insignificant, lacking importance or substance.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΑΦΡΟΣ, ΤΑΧΥΣ, ΕΥΚΙΝΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of the word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of hollowness or emptiness.

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-OH-kane

Translations: to pursue, to chase, to follow after, to persecute, to strive for, to press on

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb ΔΙΩΚΩ. It means to pursue, chase, or follow after, often with intensity or determination. It can be used in a literal sense of physically chasing someone or something, or in a figurative sense of persecuting someone, or striving earnestly toward a goal or ideal.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ, ΜΕΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΩΚΩ comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to run swiftly' or 'to put to flight'. It is related to words describing rapid movement or expulsion.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-teh-THEH-on

Translations: they were changing, they were transferring, they were removing, they were translating, they were altering

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'μετατίθημι', which is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (with, after, among, indicating change) and 'τίθημι' (to put, place). The verb means to change the position of something, to transfer, remove, or alter. It can also mean to translate (as in, to move from one place to another, or to change form). In a sentence, it would describe an action of changing or moving something that was ongoing in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word 'μετατίθημι' is a compound verb derived from the preposition 'μετά' (meaning 'with', 'after', or indicating change) and the verb 'τίθημι' (meaning 'to put' or 'to place'). This combination signifies a change in placement or state.

G4190

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: po-LEH-mee-oos

Translations: enemies, hostile ones

Notes: This word refers to those who are hostile or at war with someone. It is often used as a substantive noun to mean 'enemies' or 'adversaries'. In a sentence, it would typically describe a group of people who are in opposition or conflict.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΧΘΡΟΥΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word πόλεμος (polemos) means 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ιος (-ios) is used to form adjectives indicating belonging or relation. Thus, πολεμίος means 'belonging to war' or 'hostile', and by extension, 'an enemy'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-go-NO-tas

Translations: having become, having been, having come into being, having happened, having occurred, those who have become, those who have been

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine plural accusative, derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to be,' 'to come into being,' or 'to happen.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has undergone the action of 'becoming' or 'being' in the past, with the result continuing into the present. It often refers to 'those who have become' or 'those who have been' something.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ, ΠΕΦΥΚΟΤΑΣ

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they were overtaking, they were seizing, they were apprehending, they were comprehending, they were laying hold of

Notes: This word describes the action of taking hold of something or someone, either physically by seizing or grasping, or mentally by comprehending or understanding. It can also mean to overtake someone or something, catching up to them. The form indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word καταλαμβάνω (katalambanō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The combination suggests a forceful or complete taking or grasping.

G5408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHO-nos

Translations: murder, a murder, slaughter, bloodshed

Notes: This word refers to the act of murder or slaughter, often implying violence and bloodshed. It is used to describe the killing of a human being, and can also refer to the resulting carnage or bloodshed. It is typically used as a singular noun in sentences.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΙΜΑ, ΣΦΑΓΗ, ΑΝΔΡΟΦΟΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷhen- meaning 'to strike, kill'. It is related to the verb φένω (phenō), meaning 'to slay'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: GHI-neh-tai

Translations: becomes, happens, is, is born, comes into being, takes place, arises

Notes: This verb is very common and versatile, meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to be born,' or 'to come into being.' It describes a state of transition or occurrence, indicating that something is coming into existence or changing its state. It can be used in various contexts to describe events, transformations, or the origin of something.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΚΤΩ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PO-loos

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, a great many

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is used to describe a large quantity or number of something. For example, it can refer to a large crowd of people or a significant amount of something. It can also be used to describe something as 'great' in terms of size or importance.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G1902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-po-NOO-n

Translations: they were toiling, they were laboring, they were suffering, they were in pain

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative third person plural form of the verb ἐπονέω (eponeō), meaning 'to toil upon, to labor, to suffer, to be in pain'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It is often used to describe physical exertion, hardship, or suffering.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΜΝΩ, ΜΟΧΘΕΩ, ΤΑΛΑΙΠΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ἐπονέω (eponeō) is a compound word formed from the prefix ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil, labor, suffer'. The root πονέω comes from πόνος (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'.

G1372

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DIP-see

Translations: thirst, a thirst, (to) thirst

Notes: This word refers to the physical sensation of thirst, or a strong desire for something, often used metaphorically. It is typically used to describe a lack of water or a deep longing. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, often with the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in thirst' or 'with thirst'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΨΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΨΑ (dipsa) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be thirsty'. It is related to the verb διψάω (dipsao), meaning 'to thirst'.

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G4173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: po-le-mi-KON

Translations: of war, of military affairs, of hostile things, warlike, military, hostile

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something related to war, military matters, or hostility. It can refer to things that are warlike, military in nature, or hostile. In its plural genitive form, as seen here, it often refers to 'things of war' or 'military affairs'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΕΜΙΟΣ, ΕΝΟΠΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Koine Greek word πόλεμος (POLEMOS), meaning 'war' or 'battle'. The suffix -ικός (-ikos) is used to form adjectives indicating 'pertaining to' or 'of the nature of'.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G1939

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ah

Translations: desire, a desire, longing, lust, craving

Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. It can denote a legitimate and positive desire, such as a longing for something good, or it can refer to an evil and sinful craving, often translated as 'lust'. It is a compound word formed from 'ἐπί' (upon, toward) and 'θυμός' (passion, spirit).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΘΕΛΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'toward', and the noun θυμός (thymos), meaning 'passion', 'spirit', or 'soul'. It thus conveys the idea of a strong inclination or passion directed towards something.

G3745

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: OH-son

Translations: as much as, as many as, as great as, how much, how many, how great, as far as, as long as, as soon as, as

Notes: This word is a relative adjective or pronominal adjective, meaning 'as much as' or 'as many as'. It is often used to indicate quantity, extent, or degree. When used as an adverb, it can mean 'as far as', 'as long as', or 'as soon as'. It can introduce a clause that specifies a measure or comparison. For example, 'as much as you want' or 'as many people as there are'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΠΟΣΟΣ, ΗΛΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun *ho* (the) and the suffix -sos, indicating quantity or measure. It is related to ὅς (hos, 'who, which') and τοσοῦτος (tosoutos, 'so great, so much').

G4962

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: soon-es-TRAH-mme-non

Translations: gathered together, collected, twisted together, rolled up, a gathered thing, a collected thing

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been gathered together' or 'having been twisted/rolled up'. It describes something that has been brought together or coiled. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'στρέφω' (to turn, twist). It can function adjectivally to describe a noun or substantively as a noun itself.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΗΓΜΕΝΟΝ, ΣΥΛΛΕΛΕΓΜΕΝΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΣΤΡΕΦΩ is formed from the prefix 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn' or 'to twist'.

G5343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ef-EHV-geh

Translations: he was fleeing, he fled, he kept fleeing, he was escaping, he escaped, he was running away, he ran away

Notes: This word means 'to flee,' 'to escape,' or 'to run away.' It is in the imperfect tense, indicating an ongoing, continuous, or repeated action in the past. It describes someone who was in the process of fleeing or repeatedly fled.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΡΑΣΚΩ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word φεύγω (pheugō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to flee' or 'to run away.'

G4029

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ris-TAN-tes

Translations: standing around, surrounding, standing by, standing near, coming around

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'περίστημι' (peristēmi), meaning 'to stand around' or 'to surround'. It describes a group of people or things that are positioned around someone or something, often implying a sense of encircling or being present in the vicinity. It can be used to describe people gathering around a person or an object.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΥΚΛΟΩ, ΚΥΚΛΟΘΕΝ

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BAL-lon

Translations: they were throwing, they threw, they were casting, they cast, they were putting, they put

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'βάλλω' (ballō). It describes an action of throwing, casting, or putting that was ongoing or repeated in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they were throwing stones' or 'they kept putting things down'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G0622

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poth-NAY-skay

Translations: to die, to be dead, to perish

Notes: This verb means 'to die' or 'to be dead'. It is often used to describe the physical cessation of life, but can also refer to spiritual death or the perishing of something. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and 'θνῄσκω' (thnēiskō), meaning 'to die'.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and θνῄσκω (thnēiskō, 'to die'). The prefix ἀπό can intensify the meaning or indicate separation.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-bon

Translations: I took, they took, I received, they received, I seized, they seized

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to seize'. The ending '-ον' indicates that it can be either the first person singular ('I took/received/seized') or the third person plural ('they took/received/seized'). The aorist tense describes a simple, completed action in the past, without emphasis on its duration or repetition. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'they took the book' or 'I received the message'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G0078

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: af-tho-NEE-ah

Translations: abundance, plenty, a plenty, an abundance

Notes: This word refers to an ample supply or a great quantity of something, indicating a state of being plentiful or having more than enough. It is often used to describe a generous provision of resources or goods.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΙΑ, ΕΥ̓ΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: From ἀ- (a-, 'not') and φθόνος (phthonos, 'envy, grudge'). It literally means 'without envy' or 'without grudging,' implying an abundance that is given freely and without reservation.

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-par-KHOO-sees

Translations: being, existing, (of) being, (of) existing, (of) having, (of) possessing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'to be' or 'to exist', often conveying the sense of 'being' or 'existing' in a particular state or condition. It can also imply 'having' or 'possessing' something. It is used to describe a continuous state or an inherent quality of the subject. As a genitive feminine singular participle, it often functions adjectivally or substantively, modifying a feminine noun in the genitive case or standing in for such a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G1330

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eks-AY-ee

Translations: went through, passed through, went out, passed out, went over, passed over, related, recounted

Notes: This is an inflected form of the compound verb ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (diexerchomai), which means 'to go through, pass through, or go out'. It can also mean 'to relate' or 'to recount' something in detail, as if going through the details one by one. It is formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia, 'through') and the verb ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai, 'to go out').

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', and the verb ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out'. ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ itself is a compound of ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come or go'.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-TEV-mah

Translations: army, a body of troops, a troop, a soldier

Notes: This word refers to an army, a body of soldiers, or a military force. It can also refer to an individual soldier within such a force. It is used to describe a group of armed men organized for warfare or military service.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΠΑΡΕΜΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ is derived from the verb στρατεύω (strateuō), meaning 'to make war' or 'to serve as a soldier', which in turn comes from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encamped army'.

G4307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-no-MEE

Translations: plunder, spoil, prey, booty

Notes: This word refers to something taken by force, especially in war, such as plunder or spoil. It describes the goods, property, or valuables seized from an enemy or a conquered place.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΥΛΟΝ, ΛΑΦΥΡΟΝ, ΑΡΠΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb προνομέω (pronoméō), meaning 'to plunder', which is derived from πρό (pro, 'before') and νέμω (nemō, 'to distribute, to pasture'). The idea is to take possession of something before others, or to distribute spoils.

G5530

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: khro-MEH-non

Translations: using, employing, having used, having employed, a user, an employer

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb χράομαι (chraomai), meaning 'to use' or 'to employ'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of using or employing something. It often takes a dative object, indicating what is being used. For example, 'using a tool' or 'employing a strategy'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΕΝΟΣ

G0251

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hah-lis-KO-meh-nohn

Translations: being captured, being taken, being caught, being overcome, being convicted, being found guilty

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'being captured' or 'being taken'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of being seized, caught, or overcome. It can also refer to being convicted or found guilty in a legal sense. In the provided context, it refers to people being captured or taken.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ἁλίσκομαι (haliskomai) is an ancient Greek verb meaning 'to be captured' or 'to be taken'. It is a passive form of a lost active verb, related to the root of words meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G1700

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: em-PO-dee-on

Translations: hindrance, impediment, obstacle, a hindrance, an impediment, an obstacle

Notes: This word refers to something that obstructs or impedes progress or action. It can be used to describe any barrier, difficulty, or obstacle that stands in the way of a person or a task. For example, a large rock in the road could be an ἐμπόδιον to travel.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΜΑ, ΕΜΠΛΟΚΗ

Etymology: The word ἐμπόδιον (empodion) is derived from the Greek preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'on', and the noun πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'. It literally refers to something that is 'in the way of the foot' or 'underfoot', hence an obstacle or hindrance.

G0622

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-po-LOH-loh-tos

Translations: (of) lost, (of) destroyed, (of) perished, (of) ruined

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having been lost' or 'having perished'. It describes something that has been utterly destroyed or has come to ruin. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, and in this genitive form, it indicates possession or relation, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΕΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΟΛΟΘΡΕΥΣΑΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπόλλυμι (apóllumi), a compound of ἀπό (apó, 'from, off') and ὄλλυμι (óllumi, 'to destroy, to lose').

G3804

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PA-thos

Translations: suffering, a suffering, passion, a passion, emotion, an emotion, affliction, an affliction, experience, an experience

Notes: This word refers to anything that is experienced or undergone, often with a connotation of suffering, pain, or strong emotion. It can denote a physical or mental affliction, a strong feeling or passion, or simply an experience. It is used to describe both negative experiences like suffering and more neutral ones like an event or an emotion.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΙΑ, ΘΛΙΨΙΣ, ΠΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the root of πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer' or 'to experience'. It refers to that which is experienced or undergone.

G2638

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-LAH-ben

Translations: he seized, he overtook, he apprehended, he understood, he attained, she seized, she overtook, she apprehended, she understood, she attained, it seized, it overtook, it apprehended, it understood, it attained

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'καταλαμβάνω' (katalambanō). It is a compound verb formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The verb can mean to seize, lay hold of, overtake, apprehend, or understand. Its meaning often depends on the context, ranging from physical capture to mental comprehension or attainment.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'καταλαμβάνω' is a compound verb derived from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to seize'. The prefix 'κατά' intensifies or directs the action of 'λαμβάνω'.

G1168

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: DEI-noos

Translations: terrible, dreadful, fearful, mighty, powerful, clever, skillful, able, a terrible, a dreadful

Notes: This word describes something that is terrible, dreadful, or fearful, often implying a sense of awe or danger. It can also refer to something that is mighty, powerful, or remarkably skillful and clever, especially in a way that is formidable or impressive. It is used to describe things that evoke strong emotions, whether fear or admiration.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-LAM-bah-non

Translations: they were receiving, they were taking along, they were taking over, they were taking aside, they were accepting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were receiving,' 'they were taking along,' or 'they were taking over.' It implies an action of taking something or someone from one place or person to another, often with the nuance of receiving a tradition, instruction, or a person into one's company.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kho-REE-on

Translations: field, a field, piece of land, a piece of land, place, a place, region, a region, country, a country, village, a village

Notes: This word refers to a specific piece of land, a field, or a defined area. It can also denote a region, country, or even a village. It is often used to describe a plot of ground, especially one used for agriculture or as a dwelling place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΡΟΣ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΚΩΜΗ

Etymology: ΧΩΡΙΟΝ is a diminutive of χῶρος (chōros), meaning 'place' or 'space'. Over time, it came to specifically denote a smaller, defined area, such as a field or a village.

G3342

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: meh-TAHK-soo

Translations: between, among, while, meanwhile

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb. As a preposition, it means 'between' or 'among', indicating a position or relationship between two or more things or people. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'in the meantime' or 'while'. For example, it can describe something located spatially between two points, or an event occurring temporally between two other events.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝ ΜΕΣΩ, ΜΕΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΞΥ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μέσος (mesos, 'middle') or a compound involving μετά (meta, 'with, among').

G2749

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: KEE-meh-non

Translations: lying, laid, set, placed, a thing laid, a thing set

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, meaning 'to lie' or 'to be laid'. As a participle, it describes something that has been laid or set down and remains in that state. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to 'that which is laid' or 'a thing laid'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΕΜΕΝΟΝ, ΕΣΤΗΚΟΣ

Etymology: The verb ΚΕΙΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱey- meaning 'to lie, settle, be at home'. It is related to words meaning 'bed' or 'couch' in other Indo-European languages.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5449

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: FY-sin

Translations: nature, a nature, kind, a kind, birth, a birth, natural order, a natural order, natural disposition, a natural disposition

Notes: This word refers to the inherent character, constitution, or essential quality of something or someone. It can describe the natural order of things, the way something is born or comes into being, or the innate disposition of a person or animal. It is often used in contrast to things that are artificial, man-made, or contrary to the natural order.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

G3314

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-seem-BREE-as

Translations: of midday, of noon, of south

Notes: This word refers to midday or noon, the middle of the day. It can also refer to the south, as the sun is in the south at midday in the northern hemisphere. It is a compound word formed from 'μέσος' (middle) and 'ἡμέρα' (day). It is used to indicate a specific time of day or a cardinal direction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΟΝΥΚΤΙΟΝ, ΝΟΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΣΗΜΒΡΙΑ is a compound of μέσος (mesos), meaning 'middle', and ἡμέρα (hēmera), meaning 'day'. Thus, it literally means 'middle of the day'.

G3724

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ho-RI-zon-tos

Translations: of defining, of determining, of marking out, of appointing, of limiting, of ordaining

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive singular, of the verb 'horizō'. It describes the action of defining, determining, or marking out boundaries. It can also refer to appointing or ordaining something. As a genitive form, it often indicates possession or origin, so it would typically be translated with 'of' before the action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΙΟΡΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: it, itself, the same

Notes: This word is a versatile pronoun and adjective. As a pronoun, it typically means 'he,' 'she,' 'it,' or 'they,' depending on its gender and number. When used as an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or serve as an intensive pronoun, emphasizing the noun it modifies, such as 'himself,' 'herself,' 'itself,' or 'themselves.' Its meaning is highly dependent on its grammatical case, number, and gender within a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: This word is believed to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'that, that one.' It developed into the Greek pronoun and adjective 'autos,' retaining its core sense of identity or self.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-BAH-koo

Translations: of Iobakos

Notes: This is a proper noun, likely referring to a geographical location or a person named Iobakos. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, meaning 'of Iobakos' or 'belonging to Iobakos'. It would be used in a sentence to specify something related to this entity, for example, 'the land of Iobakos'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The etymology of 'Iobakos' is not well-documented in standard Koine Greek lexicons, as it appears to be a specific proper name rather than a common word with a clear Greek root. It may be of foreign origin or a localized name.

G4061

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-GRAH-fon-tos

Translations: of describing, of circumscribing, of limiting, of defining, of enclosing, of drawing around

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'perigraphō'. It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous. It means 'describing', 'circumscribing', 'limiting', 'defining', 'enclosing', or 'drawing around'. As a genitive participle, it often indicates possession, origin, or the subject of an action, similar to saying 'of the one describing' or 'of that which describes'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΟΡΙΖΟΝΤΟΣ, ΔΙΑΓΡΑΦΟΝΤΟΣ

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noh

Translations: to that, for that, with that, by that, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It is used to point out something or someone that is distant in space or time, or to refer back to something previously mentioned. In this form, it is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object or the means/instrument by which something is done. It often translates as 'to that', 'for that', or 'with that', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

G3330

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-DEE-doh-see

Translations: to share, to impart, to give a share of, to give, to distribute

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (with, among) and 'δίδωμι' (to give). It means to give a share of something, to impart, or to distribute. It implies sharing something with others, often something that one possesses or has received. It can be used in contexts of sharing material possessions, knowledge, or spiritual gifts.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΡΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3305

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN-toy

Translations: however, certainly, indeed, nevertheless, yet, truly

Notes: ΜΕΝΤΟΙ is a particle used to introduce a strong contrast or to emphasize a statement. It often means 'however' or 'nevertheless' when introducing a contrasting idea, or 'certainly' or 'indeed' when adding emphasis to a preceding statement. It can be used to affirm something strongly or to mark a transition to a more important or contrasting point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΔΕ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: From the particle μέν (men) meaning 'on the one hand' or 'indeed', and τοι (toi) meaning 'surely' or 'indeed'. It combines these elements to form a stronger emphatic or adversative particle.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4013

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EYE-sin

Translations: to be around, to survive, to remain, to be superior, to excel

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It means 'to be around', 'to survive', or 'to remain'. In some contexts, it can also mean 'to be superior' or 'to excel'. It describes something that exists in the vicinity or continues to exist.

Inflection: Present Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΠΕΡΙΛΕΙΠΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word περίειμι is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Both components are ancient Greek words with long histories.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-ON-tone

Translations: of having, of holding, of possessing, of those who have, of those who hold, of those who possess

Notes: This word is the genitive plural masculine, feminine, or neuter participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have', 'to hold', or 'to possess'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is in the act of having or holding. In the genitive plural, it often translates as 'of those who have' or 'of the ones possessing', indicating possession or a characteristic of a group.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G2007

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TITH-eh-tai

Translations: he places upon, he lays upon, he imposes, he attacks, he assaults, he is placed upon, he is laid upon, he is imposed

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (to place, to put). In its active voice, it means to place or lay something upon someone or something, to impose, or to attack. In the middle or passive voice, as seen here, it means to be placed upon, to be laid upon, or to be imposed. It can also mean to attack or assault someone.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΒΑΛΛΩ, ΕΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. The root ΤΙΘΗΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.

G1056

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gah-lah-DAY-nays

Translations: Gileadite, of Gilead

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'Gileadite' or 'of Gilead'. It is used to describe someone or something originating from or associated with the region of Gilead, a mountainous territory east of the Jordan River in ancient Israel. For example, it could describe a person from Gilead or a king ruling over Gilead.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: Derived from the Hebrew geographical name 'Gilead' (ΓΑΛΑΑΔ in Greek), which refers to a mountainous region east of the Jordan River. The suffix '-ηνής' is a common adjectival ending in Greek, indicating origin or belonging.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gah-oo-lah-NEE-tee-doss

Translations: of Gaulanitis, Gaulanitic

Notes: This word is a proper adjective referring to something or someone from Gaulanitis, a region east of the Sea of Galilee. It is used to describe things or people associated with that area, often in a possessive or descriptive sense, such as 'the king of Gaulanitis' or 'the Gaulanitic region'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word is derived from the geographical name ΓΑΥΛΑΝΙΤΙΣ (Gaulanitis), which refers to a region in ancient Palestine. The suffix -ΙΤΙΔΟΣ indicates a feminine genitive form of an adjective derived from a place name.

G0737

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-GOHN

Translations: contest, struggle, fight, race, a contest, a struggle, a fight, a race

Notes: This word refers to a gathering, especially for a contest or struggle. It can denote a physical struggle, a race, a battle, or a more general conflict or struggle in life. It is often used in the context of athletic games or a spiritual struggle.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΧΗ, ΠΑΛΗ, ΔΡΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead, to bring, to drive'. The noun refers to a gathering or assembly, particularly for a competition or struggle.

G4700

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: SPEV-dohn

Translations: hastening, hurrying, striving, eager, zealous, making haste

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'σπεύδω', meaning 'to hasten' or 'to hurry'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of hastening or hurrying. It can also convey the sense of being eager or zealous in an action. It is used to describe a continuous or ongoing action of hurrying or striving.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΓΟΜΑΙ, ΤΑΧΥΝΩ, ΣΠΟΥΔΑΖΩ

G5384

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fee-LOO

Translations: of a friend, of a beloved one, of a dear one, a friend, a beloved one, a dear one

Notes: This word refers to someone who is loved, dear, or a friend. It is used to describe a close companion or someone held in high regard. It can be used in a possessive sense (of a friend) or to refer to multiple friends (friends).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ΦΙΛΕΩ (phileō), meaning 'to love' or 'to be fond of'. It is related to the concept of affection and fondness.

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TIN-khan-on-TOS

Translations: of obtaining, of happening, of being, of meeting, of reaching, of falling upon, of getting, of receiving, of succeeding

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter participle of the verb 'τυγχάνω'. It describes something that is 'obtaining', 'happening', 'being', or 'meeting'. It is often used to indicate that something is 'being' or 'existing' in a particular state or condition, or that someone is 'obtaining' or 'receiving' something. It can also mean 'to happen upon' or 'to meet with'.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: From an intensive form of a root meaning 'to hit the mark'.

G2147

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eu-RON

Translations: finding, having found, discovering, obtaining

Notes: ΕΥΡΩΝ is the masculine, singular, nominative, aorist active participle of the verb εὑρίσκω (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. As a participle, it functions like both a verb and an adjective, describing an action performed by the subject. It indicates an action that has been completed in the past relative to the main verb, often translated as 'having found' or simply 'finding' in context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΕΞΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word εὑρίσκω (heuriskō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to find' or 'to obtain' in other Indo-European languages.

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-non

Translations: that (one), him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'that' or 'that one'. It refers to something distant in space or time, or something previously mentioned or understood from the context. As a pronoun, it can stand alone, meaning 'that one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'that [noun]'. In this form, it is used for a masculine singular object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥ̓ΤΟΣ, ὉΔΕ

Etymology: The word ἘΚΕΙΝΟΣ (ekeinos) is derived from the adverb ἐκεῖ (ekei), meaning 'there'. It refers to something 'over there' or 'that one there', indicating distance.

G2235

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AY-day

Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith, even now

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate that something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has happened prior to the present moment. It can convey a sense of immediacy or completion. For example, it can mean 'already' when referring to something that has taken place, or 'now' when emphasizing the current time.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂dʰ- (to be present, to be here). It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) and the particle 'de' (now, indeed).

G622, G622

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: proh-ah-po-LOH-loh-tah

Translations: having been utterly destroyed beforehand, having perished beforehand, those who have been utterly destroyed beforehand

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, neuter plural, nominative or accusative case, derived from the compound verb 'προαπόλλυμι'. It describes something or someone that has been completely destroyed or has perished in advance or beforehand. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing the state or action of a subject.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΩΛΟΤΑ, ΔΙΕΦΘΑΡΜΕΝΑ, ΕΞΩΛΕΣΜΕΝΑ

G1444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: heb-RAH-ee-oys

Translations: to Hebrews, for Hebrews, Hebrews

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish people, specifically those who spoke Hebrew or Aramaic, distinguishing them from Hellenistic Jews who spoke Greek. It is used to denote the descendants of Abraham through Isaac and Jacob, who formed the nation of Israel. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Jewish people as a whole, or specifically to Jewish Christians.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: From Hebrew עִבְרִי (ʿiḇrī), meaning 'Hebrew' or 'Israelite', possibly derived from the name Eber (עֵבֶר), an ancestor of Abraham.

G4024

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-ses-thai

Translations: to surround, to encompass, to contain, to hold, to excel, to surpass, to be superior, to survive, to remain, to be left over

Notes: This is a future middle/passive infinitive form of the verb περιέχω (periechō), which is a compound verb formed from περί (peri, 'around, about') and ἔχω (echō, 'to have, to hold'). It generally means 'to surround' or 'to encompass'. In a figurative sense, it can mean 'to excel' or 'to surpass'. When used in the middle voice, it can mean 'to survive' or 'to be left over'.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ, ΥΠΟΛΕΙΠΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word περιέχω (periechō) is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zohn

Translations: thinking, supposing, considering, believing, accustomed, observing, a thinking, a supposing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'νομίζω'. It describes someone who is currently thinking, supposing, or considering something. It can also refer to someone who is accustomed to a certain practice or observes a custom. It is often used to introduce a thought or belief held by the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G703

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-reh-TAYS

Translations: of virtue, of excellence, of moral goodness, of valor

Notes: This word refers to moral excellence, virtue, or valor. It describes a quality of high moral standing or outstanding ability, often implying courage or effectiveness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ, ΚΑΛΟΚΑΓΑΘΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'Ἀρετή' (aretē) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'ἀρή' (arē), meaning 'prayer' or 'curse', or from the root 'ἀρ-' (ar-), meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It evolved to signify excellence of any kind, and later, moral excellence.

G1242

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-PEH-rahn

Translations: a test, a trial, an attempt, to test, to try, to make trial of

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'a test' or 'a trial', or as a verb meaning 'to test' or 'to make trial of'. As a noun, it refers to an act of putting something to the proof or an attempt to discover something. As a verb, it describes the action of examining or proving someone or something, often with the intent to discover their true nature or capabilities. It implies a thorough or complete testing.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine (as a noun); Aorist, Active, Infinitive (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΡΑ, ΔΟΚΙΜΗ, ΕΞΕΤΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb ΠΕΙΡΑΩ (peiraō), meaning 'to try' or 'to test'. Thus, it conveys the sense of a thorough or complete testing.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G1228

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-mar-TON

Translations: missing, failing, erring, going astray, failing to obtain, having missed, having failed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through, apart') and ἁμαρτάνω (hamartano, 'to miss the mark, to sin'). It means to miss completely, to fail utterly, or to err significantly. It is often used to describe someone who fails to achieve a goal or misses an opportunity. In the provided examples, it describes someone who fails in their endeavor or misses a person.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ, ΑΣΤΟΧΕΩ

Etymology: The word διαμαρτάνω is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ἁμαρτάνω (hamartano), meaning 'to miss the mark' or 'to err'. The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of missing or failing.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-PEE-dos

Translations: of hope, of a hope

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'hope'. It refers to an expectation, a confident anticipation, or a trust in something. As a genitive case, it often indicates possession, origin, or the object of an action, hence 'of hope' or 'belonging to hope'. It is commonly used to express the concept of having or lacking hope.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word 'Ἐλπίς' (elpis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to hope, to expect'. It is related to the verb 'ἐλπίζω' (elpizō), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.

G4863

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SOOM-pas

Translations: all, the whole, every, a whole

Notes: This word is a compound adjective meaning 'all together' or 'the whole'. It is used to describe a complete group or entirety of something. For example, it can refer to 'all the people' or 'the whole land'. It often emphasizes the totality or completeness of the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From the prefix ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G4756

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STRA-tos

Translations: army, an army, host, camp, a camp

Notes: This word refers to an army, a host of people, or a military camp. It is typically used to describe a large organized body of soldiers or a place where they are encamped. It can also refer more broadly to a multitude or a large group.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to spread out' or 'to encamp,' referring to the way an army spreads out or sets up camp.

G1311

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-FTHAY-reh-tai

Translations: is corrupted, is destroyed, is ruined, perishes, is spoiled, is defiled

Notes: This word describes something that is being corrupted, destroyed, or ruined. It is used in a passive sense, indicating that the subject is undergoing a process of decay, destruction, or moral defilement. It can refer to physical destruction, moral corruption, or the perishing of something.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΤΑΙ, ΦΘΕΙΡΕΤΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΦΘΕΙΡΕΤΑΙ

G4008

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: peh-rah-ee-OH-seh-meh-noss

Translations: having crossed over, having passed through, having transported

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning "having crossed over" or "having passed through." It describes an action that has been completed in the past, with the result continuing into the present. It is used to indicate that the subject has successfully traversed a body of water or a difficult terrain.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative, Perfect, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G2694

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-STREF-oh-men-os

Translations: being overthrown, being destroyed, being ruined, being brought to an end, being subverted

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'καταστρέφω'. It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject, indicating that something is being overthrown, destroyed, or brought to an end. It can be used to describe cities, armies, or systems that are in the process of being ruined or subverted.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΝΑΤΡΕΠΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G1614

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: KTEH-ee-nohn

Translations: stretching out, extending, spreading out, reaching out

Notes: ΚΤΕΙΝΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ἐκτείνω (ekteinō), meaning 'to stretch out' or 'to extend'. It describes an action that is ongoing or continuous. It is often used to describe the act of stretching out a hand, a limb, or even a region, implying an expansion or exertion of power. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb to describe the manner or circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΞΑΠΛΟΩ, ΕΠΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ

Etymology: The root ΤΕΙΝΩ (teinō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stretch'. The prefix ἐκ- (ek-) means 'out of' or 'from', thus forming the compound verb 'to stretch out'.

G4149

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLOO-too

Translations: of wealth, of riches, of abundance

Notes: This word refers to wealth, riches, or abundance. It is used to describe material possessions or a state of being rich. In this form, it is the genitive singular of the noun 'πλοῦτος', indicating possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΜΑΤΑ, ΠΕΡΙΟΥΣΙΑ, ΕΥΠΟΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'πλοῦτος' (ploutos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleu- meaning 'to flow, to swim'. It is related to words signifying abundance or fullness.

G1308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-FEH-ron

Translations: they were carried through, they were carried about, they were scattered, they differed, they excelled, they were better

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'διαφέρω' (diapherō), which is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia, meaning 'through' or 'apart') and 'φέρω' (pherō, meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'). Its meaning varies depending on context. It can mean 'to carry through' or 'to carry about', often implying being scattered or dispersed. It can also mean 'to differ' or 'to be distinct from', and in a comparative sense, 'to excel' or 'to be better than'.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΚΟΡΠΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

G3172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEG-eh-thos

Translations: greatness, magnitude, size, a greatness, a magnitude, a size

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being great in size, extent, or importance. It can describe physical dimensions, as in the size of an object, or abstract concepts like the greatness of a person or an event. It is typically used to denote a significant scale or degree.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: The word "ΜΕΓΕΘΟΣ" comes from the adjective "μέγας" (megas), meaning "great" or "large." It is formed with the suffix "-θος" which is used to create nouns denoting a quality or state.

G2570

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KAL-los

Translations: beauty, a beauty, splendor, glory

Notes: This word refers to beauty, splendor, or glory. It is often used to describe physical attractiveness or the magnificent appearance of something. It can also refer to the inherent excellence or glory of a person or thing. In the provided examples, it is used to describe the beauty of gold, the splendor of God's glory, and the beauty of Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΩΡΑΙΟΤΗΣ, ΕΥΠΡΕΠΕΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΛΟΣ derives from the adjective καλός (kalos), meaning 'beautiful, good'. It refers to the quality or state of being beautiful.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-oss

Translations: such as, of what sort, what kind of, as, like, a such as

Notes: This word is an adjective or pronoun used to describe the quality or kind of something. It often functions as a relative pronoun, meaning 'such as' or 'of what sort', introducing a clause that specifies the nature of a preceding noun. It can also be used interrogatively, meaning 'what kind of?' or 'how great?'. It is used to draw comparisons or indicate similarity.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: This word is derived from the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this') and the relative pronominal stem *yo- (meaning 'who, which'). It indicates a quality or kind, often in a comparative sense.

G1081

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: gen-NAI-os

Translations: noble, high-born, brave, courageous, generous, a noble, a high-born, a brave, a courageous, a generous

Notes: This word describes someone or something as noble, high-born, or of good stock. It can also refer to someone who is brave, courageous, or generous in spirit. It is used to commend a person's character or lineage, often implying a sense of inherent quality or virtue.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΓΕΝΗΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣ, ΑΝΔΡΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: From γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, family, birth'. The word relates to being 'of good birth' or 'well-born', which then extended to qualities associated with nobility such as bravery and generosity.

G2156

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-PREH-pi-as

Translations: of beauty, of comeliness, of grace, of seemliness, of propriety

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being well-fitting, becoming, or appropriate. It encompasses concepts of beauty, grace, comeliness, and propriety, often in a moral or aesthetic sense. It describes something that is pleasing to the eye or mind due to its inherent fitness or excellence.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΛΟΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΚΟΣΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word Εὐπρέπεια (euprepeia) is derived from the Greek words εὖ (eu), meaning 'well' or 'good,' and πρέπω (prepo), meaning 'to be fitting' or 'to be proper.' Thus, it literally means 'well-fitting' or 'well-becoming.'

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed. It often conveys the sense of 'having taken' or 'having received' and can be used to introduce a subordinate clause, indicating the circumstances or cause of the main action. For example, 'having taken the letter, they did not hurry'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: en

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'in' or 'on'. It typically governs the dative case, indicating location, time, or means. Its precise translation can vary depending on the context, often conveying ideas like 'within,' 'among,' or 'by means of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases but does not change its own form).

Etymology: The Koine Greek preposition 'ἘΝ' derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, reflecting its ancient origin.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: am-mah-nee-TEE-dos

Translations: of the Ammonitess, of the Ammonite woman

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the feminine noun 'ἈΜΜΑΝΙΤΙΣ', which refers to an Ammonite woman or a female inhabitant of Ammon. It is used to indicate possession or origin, similar to saying 'of the Ammonite woman' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'ἈΜΜΑΝΙΤΙΣ' is derived from 'ἈΜΜΩΝ' (Ammon), referring to the ancient Semitic nation and kingdom of Ammon. The suffix '-ιτις' is used to form feminine nouns indicating origin or belonging.

G2680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kah-tah-skay-OO-ay

Translations: preparation, a preparation, equipment, construction, a construction, building, a building, furnishing, a furnishing

Notes: This word refers to the act of preparing something, the process of constructing or building, or the equipment and furnishings used for such purposes. It can describe the state of being prepared or the actual items that constitute the preparation or construction. It is often used in contexts related to setting up, equipping, or completing a task or structure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΣΙΑ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΣΜΑ

Etymology: From the verb κατασκευάζω (kataskeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, construct, furnish'. This verb is a compound of κατά (kata), meaning 'down, according to', and σκευάζω (skeuazō), meaning 'to prepare, equip'.

G1762

Part of Speech: Adverb, Verb

Sounds like: EH-nee

Translations: there is, there are, it is possible, it is lawful, it is present, it is in

Notes: ΕΝΙ is an enclitic adverbial form of the verb εἰμί (eimi), meaning 'to be'. It typically translates to 'there is' or 'there are', indicating existence or presence. It can also convey the meaning 'it is possible' or 'it is lawful'. In some contexts, it functions as an adverb meaning 'in' or 'within', often implying 'it is in' or 'it is present in'. It is a common word in Koine Greek, used to express existence or possibility.

Inflection: Third person singular, present indicative, active, enclitic form of εἰμί (eimi)

Synonyms: ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙ

G5105

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOY-noon

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so then

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate a logical consequence or transition. It often introduces a conclusion, a summary, or a new point that follows from what has just been said. It can be translated as 'therefore,' 'then,' or 'accordingly,' signaling that what follows is a result or a logical next step.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the demonstrative particle τοι (toi), meaning 'indeed, surely,' and the enclitic particle νυν (nun), meaning 'now, then.' It emphasizes a logical connection or consequence.

G4417

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ptai-SAN-tos

Translations: (of) stumbling, (of) falling, (of) erring, (of) sinning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πταίω', meaning 'to stumble' or 'to fall'. It describes someone who has stumbled, fallen, or committed an error or sin. As a genitive participle, it often functions like a possessive or descriptive phrase, indicating the one 'of' or 'belonging to' the action of stumbling.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΜΑΡΤΗΣΑΝΤΟΣ, ΠΕΣΟΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The verb πταίω (ptaio) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to words meaning 'to strike' or 'to fall'.

G3918

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle, Noun

Sounds like: pa-RON

Translations: present, being present, the present, the present time, a present thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular nominative or accusative form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be present'. It can function as an adjective meaning 'present' or 'being present', or as a noun referring to 'the present time' or 'a present thing'. It describes something that is currently existing or happening.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΕΣΤΩΣ, ΝΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΩΝ (PARON) comes from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (PARA), meaning 'beside' or 'with', and the verb ΕΙΜΙ (EIMI), meaning 'to be'. Thus, it literally means 'being beside' or 'being with', conveying the sense of presence.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1929

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-DOH-keh

Translations: he/she/it gave over, he/she/it delivered, he/she/it handed over, he/she/it presented, he/she/it yielded

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ἘΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ'. It means to give over, deliver, hand over, present, or yield something to someone. It describes an action completed in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ἘΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἘΠΙ (upon, to, over) and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (to give).

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, rather, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a strong adversative conjunction, used to introduce a statement that contrasts with or opposes a preceding statement. It often implies a stronger contrast than 'δέ' (de). It can also be used to introduce an emphatic statement, sometimes translated as 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is frequently found at the beginning of a clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (other). It is related to other words meaning 'other' or 'different'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future, that which is about to be, the future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to be destined to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is imminent or will happen in the future. It can refer to a future event or a person/thing that is on the verge of doing something or experiencing something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

G0018

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-ga-THON

Translations: of good, of good things, of good people, of benefits

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'ἈΓΑΘΟΣ', meaning 'good'. When used in the plural and genitive case, it often refers to 'good things', 'benefits', or 'good people'. It describes the quality of something or someone being inherently good, beneficial, or virtuous. For example, it can be used to speak of the source or possession of good things.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΩΝ, ΧΡΗΣΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἈΓΑΘΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a common term in ancient Greek for 'good' in various senses.

G0159

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ahee-TEE-os

Translations: responsible, cause, author, guilty, a cause, a guilty one

Notes: This word describes someone or something that is the cause or origin of an event or state, often implying responsibility or blame. It can be used as an adjective to describe someone as 'responsible' or 'guilty', or as a noun meaning 'the cause' or 'the author' of something. It is frequently used in legal or moral contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΣ, ΕΝΟΧΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word αἰτία (aitia), meaning 'cause, reason, blame'.

G3849

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAH-noo

Translations: very, exceedingly, altogether, quite, entirely, completely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to intensify the meaning of an adjective or another adverb. It conveys a sense of completeness or high degree, similar to 'very' or 'exceedingly' in English. It can be used to emphasize the extent or quality of something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΛΙΑΝ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: From the root ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It developed into an adverb indicating 'altogether' or 'completely'.

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EL-ah-bon

Translations: I received, they received, I took, they took, I took over, they took over, I took along, they took along

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It generally means to receive something from someone, to take something over, or to take someone along with oneself. It can be used in contexts of tradition, instruction, or physical accompaniment.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ

Etymology: The verb 'παραλαμβάνω' is formed from the prefix 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. The prefix indicates a transfer or reception from a source.

G1219

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-mo-SEE-ah

Translations: publicly, in public, openly, a public (thing), a public (place)

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'publicly' or 'in public', indicating that an action is done openly or for everyone to see. It can also be the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δημόσιος', meaning 'public' or 'belonging to the people', describing something that is open to or concerns the community.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect), or Adjective (Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Vocative, or Accusative)

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΑΝΟΙΚΤΩΣ

G2141