2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LEH-sas

Translations: having called alongside, having summoned, having invited, having exhorted, having encouraged, having comforted, having entreated

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'παρακαλέω'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb. The verb itself is a compound word formed from 'παρά' (beside, alongside) and 'καλέω' (to call). Therefore, it literally means 'to call to one's side'. Depending on the context, it can mean to summon someone, to invite them, to exhort or encourage them, or to comfort or entreat them.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'παρακαλέω' is derived from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call'. It signifies the act of calling someone to one's side for various purposes.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EEL-theh

Translations: he went out, she went out, it went out

Notes: ΕΞΗΛΘΕ is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It describes an action of departing or emerging that occurred in the past and is viewed as a completed event. It is often used to indicate movement from an inside place to an outside place, or from one state or condition to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-doh-NEE-ahn

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: This is the name of a region in ancient Greece, located north of Thessaly. It is often referred to in the New Testament as a place visited by apostles or where churches were established. In this form, it indicates the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition indicating motion towards or through.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, likely derived from the word 'μακεδνός' (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants or the mountainous nature of the region.

G1330

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-el-THOHN

Translations: having gone through, having passed through, having gone throughout, having traveled through, having crossed

Notes: This is the aorist active participle of the verb 'διέρχομαι' (dierchomai), meaning 'to go through' or 'to pass through'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb, often translated with 'having' + past participle. It implies movement from one point to another, often covering a significant distance or traversing an area.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LO-go

Translations: (to) word, (to) reason, (to) account, (to) saying, (to) message, (to) speech, (to) matter, (to) thing, by word, by reason, by account, by saying, by message, by speech, by matter, by thing

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' (logos). 'ΛΟΓΟΣ' is a fundamental term in Greek, meaning 'word,' 'reason,' 'account,' 'speech,' or 'message.' In its dative form 'ΛΟΓΩ,' it often indicates the indirect object of an action, the means or instrument by which something is done, or the cause or reason for something. It can be translated with prepositions like 'to,' 'for,' 'by,' or 'with,' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LOH

Translations: much, many, great, a great deal, by much, by a great deal, greatly, often, frequently

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, it describes a large quantity or number. For example, it could mean 'many people' or 'much water'. When used adverbially, it means 'by much' or 'greatly', indicating a significant degree or frequency, such as 'much more' or 'often'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter; or Adverbial Dative

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΣ

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-then

Translations: he came, she came, it came, he went, she went, it went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he/she/it came' or 'he/she/it went'. It is the third person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), which means 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes a completed action of movement in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΕΝ, ΕΒΗ

Etymology: The verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: poy-AY-sas

Translations: having made, having done, making, doing, who made, who did

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed. It often translates as 'having made' or 'having done', indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can also be translated as 'making' or 'doing' in certain contexts, or as a relative clause like 'who made' or 'who did'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3376, G3403

Part of Speech: Noun, Proper Noun

Sounds like: MAY-nas

Translations: month, a month, Manasseh

Notes: This word can refer to a 'month,' which is a period of time, typically one of the twelve divisions of the year. It can also be a proper noun, 'Manasseh,' referring to a specific person, such as a king of Judah or a tribe of Israel. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΗΝ, ΜΑΝΑΣΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word for 'month' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) comes from an ancient root referring to the moon, as months were originally lunar cycles. The proper noun 'Manasseh' (ΜΗΝΑΣ) is a transliteration of a Hebrew name, meaning 'causing to forget'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tee

Translations: about to be, future, (to) be about to, (to) intend, (to) be going to

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend'. It describes something that is imminent or in the future. It is often used to indicate an action that is on the point of happening or a state that is soon to exist. In this dative singular form, it often functions adverbially or as an adjective modifying a noun in the dative case.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΩ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΩ

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NAH-gess-thigh

Translations: to put to sea, to set sail, to depart, to bring up, to lead up, to offer up

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'anago'. In the middle voice, it means 'to put to sea' or 'to set sail', indicating the action of a ship departing from shore. In the passive voice, it can mean 'to be brought up' or 'to be led up'. It is often used in contexts related to travel by sea or bringing something upwards, such as an offering.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΑΠΟΠΛΕΩ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREH-fin

Translations: to return, to turn back, to go back

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ὑποστρέφω' (hypostrephō), meaning 'to return' or 'to turn back'. It describes the action of going back to a previous place or state. It is often used to indicate a physical return journey.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word 'ὑποστρέφω' (hypostrephō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G4870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EH-peh-toh

Translations: followed with, accompanied

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ἔπω (epō, meaning 'to follow' or 'attend'). It means 'to follow along with' or 'to accompany'. It describes an action where someone or something is going along with another, often as a companion or attendant.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΕΠΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the prefix σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ἔπω (epō), meaning 'to follow' or 'to be after'. The prefix σύν is derived from Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'beside, near, by, with'. The verb ἔπω is related to Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-, meaning 'to follow'.

G4449

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: PYR-roo

Translations: red, reddish, fiery, of Pyrrhus, Pyrrhus'

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'red' or 'fiery', often describing something with a reddish hue. It can also be used as a proper noun, referring to the personal name 'Pyrrhus'. In the provided examples, it appears as an adjective describing 'stew' (red stew) and as a proper noun in the genitive case, indicating 'of Pyrrhus' or 'Pyrrhus'' (Sopater son of Pyrrhus).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΥΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: From πῦρ (pyr), meaning 'fire', referring to the color of fire. It is also used as a proper name.

G1050

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: GAH-ee-oss

Translations: Gaius

Notes: Gaius is a common Roman praenomen, or personal name, frequently found in ancient Greek and Roman texts. It refers to a specific male individual. In the New Testament, several men named Gaius are mentioned, including one who was a traveling companion of Paul and another to whom the Third Epistle of John is addressed.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Gaius is of Latin origin, a very common Roman praenomen. Its etymology is uncertain, but it may be related to the Latin verb 'gaudere', meaning 'to rejoice'.

G5141

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: TROF-ee-mos

Translations: nourished, well-fed, foster-child, a foster-child

Notes: This word describes someone who is well-fed or nourished. It can also be used as a noun to refer to a foster-child or someone who has been brought up by another. In general usage, it refers to someone who is being cared for or sustained.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΡΕΦΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΘΡΕΜΜΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'τροφή' (trophe), meaning 'food' or 'nourishment', and the suffix '-ιμος' (-imos), indicating capability or fitness. It literally means 'fit for food' or 'nourished'.

G4334

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pros-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having come to, approaching, drawing near, coming forward, those who came to, when they came to

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'προσέρχομαι' (proserchomai), meaning 'to come to' or 'to approach'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of an action, such as 'when they came to' or 'after they had approached'. It can also function adjectivally, describing 'those who came to'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΓΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEI-non

Translations: they remained, they abode, they waited, they endured

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide'. The provided example usage suggests it is a misspelling of ΕΜΕΝΟΝ, which is the imperfect tense. If it were ΕΜΕΙΝΟΝ, it would describe an action that happened at a specific point in the past and was completed, such as 'they remained' or 'they waited'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-meh-non

Translations: I was remaining, they were remaining, I was abiding, they were abiding, I was enduring, they were enduring, I was waiting, they were waiting

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'μένω' (menō), meaning 'to remain,' 'to abide,' 'to endure,' or 'to wait.' The imperfect tense describes continuous or repeated action in the past. Depending on the context, 'ἐμένον' can mean 'I was remaining/abiding/etc.' (first person singular) or 'they were remaining/abiding/etc.' (third person plural). It describes an ongoing state or action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΜΙΜΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *men- ('to remain, to stay'). It is related to other Greek words signifying stability and dwelling.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G1304

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-TREEP-sah-men

Translations: we spent, we passed, we tarried, we stayed

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'διά' (through) and 'τρίβω' (to rub, wear out). In this form, it means 'we spent' or 'we passed' time, indicating a duration of staying or tarrying in a place. It describes the action of spending a period of time somewhere.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek διά (dia, “through”) + τρίβω (tribō, “to rub, wear out”). The sense of 'spending time' developed from the idea of 'wearing out time' or 'passing through time'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-ayg-MEH-nohn

Translations: (of) gathered, (of) assembled, (of) collected, (of) brought together

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, genitive plural, of the verb 'συνάγω' (synagō), meaning 'to gather,' 'to assemble,' or 'to bring together.' It describes a state of having been gathered or assembled. In a sentence, it would typically modify a noun in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'the voice of those gathered' or 'the land of rulers who have been assembled.'

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'συνάγω' (synagō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and the verb 'ἄγω' (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.' Thus, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together.'

G1256

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-LEH-geh-toh

Translations: he was discussing, he was disputing, he was reasoning, he was conversing, he was preaching

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from διά (dia, 'through, across') and λέγω (legō, 'to speak, to say'). It means to discuss, dispute, reason, or converse with someone. It implies an ongoing or repeated action in the past, often involving a back-and-forth exchange of ideas or arguments. It can be used to describe someone engaging in a dialogue, debating a point, or teaching/preaching by means of discussion.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΕΩ, ΣΥΖΗΤΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-loh

Translations: to be about to, to be going to, to intend, to delay, to hesitate

Notes: This verb is primarily used to express an action that is about to happen or is intended to happen. It often indicates an impending event or a future action, sometimes with a sense of certainty or necessity. It can also convey the idea of delaying or hesitating to do something. It is frequently followed by an infinitive.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *melh₂- 'to grind, to crush'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to be concerned with, to intend, to be about to'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EE-eh-nai

Translations: to go out, to go forth, to come out, to come forth, to issue, to proceed, to escape, to pass out

Notes: This verb means 'to go out' or 'to come forth'. It describes movement from an interior to an exterior space, or the emanation or issuance of something. It can be used in various contexts, such as people leaving a place, words proceeding from a mouth, or events unfolding.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΠΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΙΕΝΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΙΕΝΑΙ (ienai), meaning 'to go'.

G1889

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ep-OW-ree-on

Translations: on the morrow, the next day, tomorrow

Notes: This word functions as an adverb of time, meaning 'on the morrow' or 'the next day'. It is used to indicate the day following the current one, often in narrative contexts to advance the timeline of events. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'On the next day, they departed.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and αὔριον (aurion, 'tomorrow'). It literally means 'on tomorrow'.

G3906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-reh-TEE-nen

Translations: he was prolonging, he was extending, he continued, he prolonged, he extended

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to prolong, extend, or stretch out. It describes an action that was ongoing or continued for a period in the past. In the provided context, it indicates that someone was continuing or prolonging an action, such as a discourse.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ, ΕΠΕΚΤΕΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΤΕΙΝΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (PARA), meaning 'beside, along, by,' and the verb ΤΕΙΝΩ (TEINO), meaning 'to stretch, extend.' Thus, it literally means 'to stretch alongside' or 'to extend beyond,' leading to the sense of prolonging or continuing.

G3360

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word indicates a point in time or space that is reached, meaning 'until' or 'up to'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and specifies the limit of an action or state. As an adverb, it can modify verbs or clauses, indicating duration or extent. As a conjunction, it introduces a temporal clause, meaning 'while' or 'until'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΑΧΡΙ

Etymology: From an assumed base *mekh-, perhaps related to μέγας (megas, “great”) or μήκος (mēkos, “length”). It denotes a limit or extent.

G5253

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-per-OH-oh

Translations: upper room, upper chamber, roof, a roof

Notes: This word refers to an upper room or an upper chamber in a house or building. It can also refer to the roof or the flat rooftop area, which was often used for various activities in ancient times. It is a common noun used to describe a specific part of a structure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΓΕΟΝ, ΔΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word is derived from the preposition ΥΠΕΡ (hyper), meaning 'over' or 'above', combined with a noun related to 'seeing' or 'place'. It literally refers to a place that is 'above' or 'over' something else.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G4863

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: soon-AYG-meh-noy

Translations: gathered, assembled, collected, brought together, convened

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been gathered' or 'being gathered'. It describes a state of being brought together or assembled. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together'. It can be used to describe people or things that have been collected or convened.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΣΜΕΝΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΛΗΛΥΘΟΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΝΑΓΩ is formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΓΩ (AGO), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It has been used since ancient Greek times to denote the action of bringing multiple entities into one place.

G2521

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ka-THEH-zo-meh-nos

Translations: sitting, a sitting one, one who sits, being seated, remaining, dwelling

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'καθέζομαι', meaning 'to sit down' or 'to be seated'. It describes someone who is in the act of sitting or is in a seated position. It can also imply dwelling or remaining in a place. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is sitting'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2376

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-REE-doss

Translations: of a window, a window

Notes: This word refers to a window, an opening in a wall or roof to admit light or air, typically fitted with a frame of glass or other transparent material. As a noun, it can be used in sentences to refer to such an opening, often indicating possession or origin when in the genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The word ΘΥΡΙΣ (thyris) comes from ΘΥΡΑ (thyra), meaning 'door' or 'gate', with the diminutive suffix -ις (-is), indicating a small door or opening.

G2602

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-feh-ROH-meh-nos

Translations: being carried down, falling, sinking, being overcome, being weighed down

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being carried down' or 'being brought down'. It is often used metaphorically to describe someone being overcome by something, such as sleep, a disease, or a strong emotion, implying a loss of control or a sinking into a state. For example, it can describe someone falling into a deep sleep or being weighed down by a burden. It is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (down) and 'φέρω' (to carry, to bear).

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΒΑΡΥΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΦΕΡΩ is a compound of the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Its etymology reflects the action of carrying or bringing something downwards.

G5258

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HYP-noh

Translations: (to) sleep, (to) a sleep, (of) sleep

Notes: This word refers to the state of sleep or slumber. It is often used in a literal sense to describe the act of sleeping, but can also be used metaphorically to refer to a state of spiritual unawareness or even death. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case to mean 'to sleep' or 'for sleep', and in the genitive case to mean 'of sleep'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative or Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΜΗΣΙΣ, ΝΥΣΤΑΓΜΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *sup-no- (sleep), from root *swep- (to sleep).

G1256

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-leh-GO-meh-noo

Translations: (of) speaking, (of) discoursing, (of) discussing, (of) reasoning

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, meaning 'to speak, discourse, discuss, or reason with'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this genitive form, it often indicates the one who is speaking or discoursing, or the context in which speaking is occurring.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΣΥΖΗΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb λέγομαι (legomai), the middle/passive voice of λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Thus, it implies speaking through or with others, leading to the sense of discussing or reasoning.

G2702

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-nekh-THEIS

Translations: brought down, carried down, fell upon, rushed upon, cast down, thrown down, weighed down

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταφέρω' (katapherō), meaning 'to bring down' or 'to carry down'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating someone or something that has been brought down, fallen upon, or rushed upon. It can also imply being weighed down or overcome by something. In the provided examples, it describes someone falling or rushing upon another, or being weighed down by a burden.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΒΑΡΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'καταφέρω' (katapherō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb 'φέρω' (pherō), meaning 'to bear', 'to carry', or 'to bring'.

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-peh-sen

Translations: he fell, it fell, he collapsed, it collapsed, he dropped, it dropped, he perished, it perished

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πίπτω' (pipto), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' fell, collapsed, dropped, or perished. It can be used in various contexts, from a physical fall to the collapse of a structure or the perishing of a person or thing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΣΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΠΕΣΕΝ

G5153

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: tris-TEH-goo

Translations: (of) three stories, (of) a three-storied building, (of) a three-storied place

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'three-storied' or 'having three stories'. It is used to describe a building or structure that has three levels or floors. It is a compound word formed from 'τρίς' (tris), meaning 'thrice' or 'three times', and 'στέγος' (stegos), meaning 'roof' or 'house'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΤΡΙΣΤΕΓΟΣ is a compound word derived from the Greek adverb τρίς (tris), meaning 'thrice' or 'three times', and the noun στέγος (stegos), meaning 'roof' or 'house'. It literally means 'three-roofed' or 'three-housed', referring to a structure with three stories.

G0142

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-thay

Translations: was lifted up, was taken away, was carried, was exalted

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'αἴρω' (airō), meaning 'to lift, take up, or carry away'. In this form, it indicates an action that was completed in the past, and the subject of the verb is the one being acted upon (i.e., being lifted or taken away). It can describe something being physically lifted, or metaphorically exalted or removed.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΒΗ, ΥΨΩΘΗ, ΕΞΗΡΘΗ

G3498

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: NEK-ros

Translations: dead, a dead person, a corpse

Notes: This word refers to something that is dead, lifeless, or deceased. As an adjective, it describes a state of being without life. As a noun, it refers to a dead body or a deceased individual. In Koine Greek, it can be used literally for physical death or metaphorically for spiritual death or insensitivity.

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, Neuter; Singular, Plural; All cases

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΩΣ, ΑΨΥΧΟΣ, ΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΝΕΚΡΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *neḱ- 'to perish, disappear'. It is related to words meaning 'death' or 'corpse' in various Indo-European languages.

G1964

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PEH-peh-seh

Translations: fell upon, fell on, came upon, attacked, fell

Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the compound verb 'epipipto', which means 'to fall upon' or 'to fall on'. It describes an action that happened in the past, completed at a specific point. It can be used to describe someone physically falling onto something or someone, or metaphorically, like a spirit or feeling coming upon someone. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, to') and the verb ΠΙΠΤΩ (piptō, 'to fall').

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-peh-ree-lah-BOHN

Translations: having included, having encompassed, having comprised, having embraced

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'συνπεριλαμβάνω'. It describes an action of including, encompassing, or embracing that has already occurred. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (with, together), 'περί' (around, concerning), and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to receive), conveying the sense of taking something together and completely surrounding it.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΧΩ, ΠΕΡΙΕΧΩ, ΣΥΜΠΕΡΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: Ps-oo-KHEE

Translations: soul, life, mind, heart, a soul, a life

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the animating principle of a human or animal, often considered the seat of emotions, desires, and affections. It can also denote life itself, the individual person, or the mind/inner self. It is used in various contexts to refer to the breath of life, the spiritual part of a human being, or simply one's existence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΝΕΥΜΑ, ΖΩΗ, ΚΑΡΔΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ψύχω (psychō), meaning 'to breathe' or 'to blow', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the concept of breath as the essence of life.

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-BAS

Translations: having gone up, having ascended, having come up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. It indicates someone or something that has completed the action of going up, ascending, or coming up. For example, it could describe 'the one who went up' or 'he having ascended'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΛΘΩΝ, ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣ

G2806

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: klah-SAS

Translations: breaking, having broken, after breaking

Notes: ΚΛΑΣΑΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb κλάω, meaning 'to break'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject, often indicating an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'breaking' or 'having broken', depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The verb κλάω (klaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to break'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that also convey the sense of breaking or splitting.

G1089

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-oo-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having tasted, tasting, having eaten, eating, having experienced, experiencing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γεύω' (geuō), meaning 'to taste' or 'to eat'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It can refer to the literal act of tasting food or drink, or metaphorically to experiencing something. For example, it can be used to say 'having tasted the food' or 'having experienced hardship'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΦΑΓΩΝ, ΕΣΘΙΩΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EF

Translations: upon, on, over, to, against, at, by, for, in, among, with, toward, concerning, because of

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), which means 'upon' or 'on'. The final vowel of ΕΠΙ is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs: with the genitive, it means 'upon, on, over, during'; with the dative, it means 'on, at, by, for, in addition to'; and with the accusative, it means 'on, to, against, over, toward'. It is a very common and versatile preposition.

Inflection: Does not inflect (elided form of a preposition)

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. It means 'until' when referring to a point in time, or 'up to' and 'as far as' when referring to a spatial limit or extent. It can also mean 'even to' or 'even including'. It is often followed by the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΝΕΥ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G0827

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ow-GAYS

Translations: (of) dawn, (of) daybreak, (of) morning light, (of) brightness, (of) splendor

Notes: This word refers to the first light of day, the dawn or daybreak. It can also denote general brightness or splendor. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the time of day or a quality of light, often in a possessive or descriptive sense due to its genitive case.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΩΣ, ΟΡΘΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΓΗ (augē) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to shine' or 'to glow'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-GAH-gon

Translations: I led, I brought, they led, they brought

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ago' (ἄγω), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. The form 'ēgagon' (ἡγαγον) can function as either the first person singular ('I led/brought') or the third person plural ('they led/brought') depending on the context. It describes a completed action in the past, often referring to the act of guiding, conducting, or bringing someone or something from one place to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΑΓΩΓΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'ago' (ἄγω) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek with a wide range of applications related to movement and leading.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-lee-THEH-san

Translations: they were comforted, they were exhorted, they were encouraged, they were entreated, they were appealed to

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to be comforted,' 'to be exhorted,' 'to be encouraged,' or 'to be entreated.' It describes a state of receiving comfort, encouragement, or an appeal from someone else. It is often used in contexts where people are consoled in distress or urged to take a particular action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΗΘΗΣΑΝ, ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΟΥΝΤΟ, ΠΑΡΕΜΥΘΗΘΗΣΑΝ

G4281

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-el-THO-tes

Translations: having gone forth, having come forward, having advanced

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'proerchomai', meaning 'to go forth' or 'to come forward'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It indicates that the subject has completed the action of going or coming forth before the main verb's action takes place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΒΑΝΤΕΣ

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EEKH-thay-men

Translations: we put to sea, we set sail, we were led up, we were brought up

Notes: This word is the first person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'anago'. It describes an action completed in the past by 'us' (we), where 'we' were the recipients of the action. In the context of travel, it commonly means 'we put to sea' or 'we set sail'. It can also mean 'we were led up' or 'we were brought up' depending on the context.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΑΝΑΠΛΕΩ, ΑΠΟΠΛΕΩ

Etymology: From 'ana' (up, again) and 'ago' (to lead, bring). The combination implies leading or bringing something up, or in the context of ships, leading them out to sea.

G0793

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AS-son

Translations: nearer, closer, very near, very close

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'nearer' or 'closer'. It is used to indicate proximity, suggesting that something is moving towards or is located at a shorter distance from a reference point. It is the comparative form of the adverb 'ἄγχι' (anchi), meaning 'near'.

Inflection: Comparative Adverb, Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΤΕΡΟΝ, ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the adverb ἄγχι (anchi), meaning 'near'. Ἄσσον is the comparative form, indicating a greater degree of nearness.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tes

Translations: about to, going to, intending to, destined to, on the point of

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent or a future event that is certain to happen. It often functions like an auxiliary verb, preceding an infinitive to express future intention or destiny. For example, 'about to go' or 'intending to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-lam-BAH-nin

Translations: to take up, to receive, to assume, to lift up, to take along, to carry up

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'analambano'. It is a compound verb formed from 'ana' (up, again) and 'lambano' (to take, to receive). It generally means to take something up, to receive it, or to assume a role or position. It can also refer to lifting someone or something upwards, or taking someone along with oneself.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G1299

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ah-teh-TAG-meh-nos

Translations: appointed, ordered, commanded, arranged, having been appointed, having been ordered

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been appointed,' 'having been ordered,' or 'having been commanded.' It describes something that has been set in order or arranged by an authority. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who has been appointed/ordered.'

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lohn

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent, impending, or destined to occur. It often functions like a future tense auxiliary verb in English, showing that the subject is on the verge of doing something or that something is about to happen.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying delay or hesitation, evolving to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G3979

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pez-YOO-ayn

Translations: to travel by foot, to go by land, to walk

Notes: This word describes the action of traveling or moving on foot, as opposed to by sea or by riding an animal. It implies a journey or movement over land. For example, one might say 'they decided to travel by foot' using this verb.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word πεζός (pezos), meaning 'on foot' or 'on land', which itself comes from πούς (pous), meaning 'foot'. The suffix -εύω indicates a verb of action or state.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4820

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BAL-lon

Translations: they met, they conferred, they debated, they encountered, they contributed, they compared

Notes: This is a verb indicating an action of coming together, either physically (meeting, encountering) or intellectually (conferring, debating, comparing ideas). It can also mean to contribute or to help. The specific nuance depends on the context in which it is used. It is a compound word formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ- (together with) and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (to throw, to cast).

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G4820

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EB-al-len

Translations: he was meeting, he was encountering, he was contributing, he was joining battle, he was conferring, he was helping, he was comparing

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb ΣΥΜΒΑΛΛΩ (symballō). It is a compound verb formed from ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together,' and ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast.' Depending on the context, it can mean to meet with someone, to encounter, to contribute, to join in battle, to confer, or to compare. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G0353

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-lah-BON-tes

Translations: taking up, having taken up, taking along, having taken along, receiving, having received, resuming, having resumed

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle, masculine plural, nominative case of the verb ἀναλαμβάνω (analambanō). It means 'to take up,' 'to take along,' 'to receive,' or 'to resume.' As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before or at the same time as the main verb, often functioning adverbially to indicate the manner or circumstance of the action. For example, it could describe a group of people who, having taken something up, then proceed to do something else.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναλαμβάνω (analambanō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive.' The combination suggests the action of taking something up or back.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G0636

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-pop-LEH-oo-san-tes

Translations: having sailed away, having set sail, having departed by ship

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having sailed away' or 'having set sail'. It describes an action completed in the past, often indicating the cause or circumstance of another action. It is used to describe someone who has departed by ship.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΚΠΛΕΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word ἀποπλέω (apopleō) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and πλέω (pleō), meaning 'to sail'. Thus, it literally means 'to sail away from'.

G1967

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-OO-see

Translations: daily, for the coming day, necessary for existence, for subsistence, for tomorrow

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as 'daily' or 'for the coming day'. It is famously used in the Lord's Prayer to refer to 'daily bread,' implying bread that is sufficient for the day's needs or for the coming day. It can also convey the sense of being necessary for existence or subsistence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΟΣ, ΑΥΡΙΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'for', and 'οὐσία' (ousia), meaning 'being' or 'substance'. It can also be related to 'ἐπιέναι' (epienai), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to come next'. The precise etymology and meaning have been debated since ancient times, with interpretations ranging from 'for existence' to 'for the coming day'.

G2658

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teen-TEE-sah-men

Translations: we arrived, we came, we reached

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἀντάω (antaō, meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite'). It means to arrive at a destination, to come to a specific place, or to reach a certain point. It is used to describe the completion of a journey or the attainment of a goal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΝΤΑΩ is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἀντάω (antaō), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite'. The combination signifies coming down to meet or arriving at a destination.

G0473

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ah-TIK-roos

Translations: opposite, over against, directly opposite, in front of, before

Notes: This word is an adverb used to describe a position or direction. It indicates being directly facing or in front of something or someone. It can also imply being in opposition or contrast to something. It is used to specify a location relative to another object or person.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΝΤΙΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΝΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From a compound of ANTI (against) and KRUS (hidden, covered). It originally referred to something 'face to face' or 'uncovered' in front of one, hence 'opposite' or 'in plain view'.

G3846

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-BAH-loh-meh

Translations: we put in, we landed, we arrived, we compared, we risked, we exposed

Notes: This word is a verb form derived from the root verb 'ΠΑΡΑΒΑΛΛΩ' (paraballo), which means to throw beside, to compare, to risk, or to put in. In the context of travel, it often refers to landing a ship or arriving at a port. It can also mean to compare things, to risk something, or to expose oneself to danger. The specific form 'ΠΑΡΕΒΑΛΟΜΕ' indicates a past action performed by 'we'.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΟΡΜΙΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΠΛΕΩ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OH-meh-nee

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being held, being next to, being near, being adjacent

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding' in an active sense, or 'being held' or 'being next to/adjacent' in a passive or middle sense. It describes an ongoing state or action and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. For example, it could describe a woman who is 'having' something or 'being held' by something.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Present, Middle or Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. In Greek, it developed into ἔχω, meaning 'to have, hold, possess'.

G3403

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mee-LAY-ton

Translations: Miletus, to Miletus

Notes: This is the name of an ancient city in Asia Minor, located on the western coast of Anatolia. It was a prominent Greek city and seaport, known for its intellectual and philosophical contributions. As a proper noun, it refers specifically to this city and is used to indicate a destination or direct object in a sentence.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Miletus' is pre-Greek, likely Anatolian, and its precise etymology is uncertain. It was adopted by the Greeks for the city they established or re-established in the region.

G3891

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-PLEW-sai

Translations: to sail past, to sail by

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'parapleō', meaning 'to sail past' or 'to sail by'. It describes the action of a ship passing alongside a place without stopping, often with the intention of avoiding it or continuing on to another destination. It is a compound word formed from 'para' (alongside, by) and 'pleō' (to sail).

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Etymology: The word ΠΑΡΑΠΛΕΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ΠΛΕΩ (pleō), meaning 'to sail' or 'to travel by sea'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-NEE-tai

Translations: may be, might be, become, happen, come to pass, be made, be done

Notes: This word signifies 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' 'to become,' or 'to be made.' It is often used to describe events unfolding or states changing. It can also mean 'to be done' or 'to be performed' in certain contexts.

Inflection: 3rd Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of generation or becoming.

G5551

Part of Speech: Verb, Noun

Sounds like: khro-no-tree-BEE-sai

Translations: to spend time, to waste time, to delay, to linger

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'χρόνος' (chronos), meaning 'time', and 'τρίβω' (tribo), meaning 'to rub, wear away, spend'. As an infinitive, it means 'to spend time' or 'to waste time'. It describes the act of consuming time, often implying a delay or a prolonged stay.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek noun χρόνος (chronos), meaning 'time', and the verb τρίβω (tribo), meaning 'to rub, wear away, spend'. It literally means 'to rub away time' or 'to spend time'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G4005

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pen-tay-kos-TAYS

Translations: of Pentecost, of the fiftieth

Notes: This word refers to the Jewish festival of Pentecost, which is celebrated on the fiftieth day after Passover. It is also adopted in Christianity as a major feast day commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the Apostles. It is used to indicate the time or occasion of this festival.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From the Greek adjective πεντηκοστός (pentēkostós), meaning 'fiftieth', derived from πεντήκοντα (pentēkonta), meaning 'fifty'. The festival is named for occurring on the fiftieth day after Passover.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

G3992

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: PEM-psas

Translations: having sent, one who sent, he who sent, when he had sent

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'πέμπω' (pempō), meaning 'to send'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that occurred prior to the main verb. It can be translated as 'having sent' or 'one who sent', indicating the person or thing that performed the action of sending.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G4245

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roos

Translations: elders, old men, presbyters

Notes: This word refers to older men, often those who hold positions of authority, leadership, or respect within a community or religious group. In a Christian context, it can specifically refer to church leaders or presbyters. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating that the elders are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΑΙ

Etymology: From πρέσβυς (presbys, “old, elder”), which is related to πρό (pro, “before”) and possibly to βῆμα (bēma, “step, pace”). It originally referred to an older person and later to an ambassador or delegate, and then to an elder or leader.

G1577

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-klee-SEE-as

Translations: of the church, of an assembly, of the congregation, churches, assemblies, congregations

Notes: This word refers to a gathering of people, an assembly, or a congregation. In the New Testament, it often refers to the Christian church, either a local gathering of believers or the universal body of believers. It can also refer to a secular assembly or a mob. The form 'ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣ' can be either the genitive singular (indicating possession or origin, 'of the church') or the accusative plural (indicating the direct object, 'churches').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩΓΗ, ΟΜΙΛΙΑ, ΣΥΝΟΔΟΣ

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they came, they arrived, they were present

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be.' Together, it means 'to come alongside,' 'to arrive,' or 'to be present.' It describes the act of someone or a group of people arriving at a particular place or being present at an event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G0575

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, with, of, for, because of, after, since

Notes: This is a prefix or a preposition meaning 'from' or 'away from'. It indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is often used with the genitive case to show the source or origin of something, or the agent by whom something is done. It can also indicate a point in time 'from' which something occurs. When used as a prefix, it often intensifies the meaning of the verb or noun it is attached to, or indicates separation.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix or preposition).

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΑΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- (away, from).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G1910

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-BANE

Translations: I stepped on, I went up, I entered, I embarked, I came into

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'epibaino'. It is a compound verb formed from 'epi' (upon, on) and 'baino' (to go, to step). It describes the action of stepping onto something, going up onto something, entering a place, or embarking on a journey or vehicle. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: meth

Translations: with, after, among, by, in company with

Notes: This is an elided form of the preposition 'μετά' (meta), which means 'with' or 'after'. The final alpha (α) is dropped when the next word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark (indicated by the 'θ' which is the first letter of the following word in the examples, 'θύμου'). It indicates association, accompaniment, or sequence in time or order. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'after' or 'behind'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (preposition, but this is an elided form)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- (among, with, in the middle of).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NO-meen

Translations: I became, I was, I came to be, I happened, I arose

Notes: This is the first person singular aorist indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies an action that occurred in the past, indicating a coming into being, a happening, or a transformation. It can be translated as 'I became,' 'I was,' 'I came to be,' or 'I happened,' depending on the context. It describes a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G1398

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: doo-LEH-oo-ohn

Translations: serving, being a slave, obeying, worshiping

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'δουλεύω' (douleuo), meaning 'to serve' or 'to be a slave'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in serving, whether as a literal slave, a servant, or someone who is obedient to a master or a cause. It can also be used in a religious context to mean 'worshiping' or 'serving God'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΕΩ

G5012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tah-pee-noh-froh-soo-NES

Translations: of humility, of lowliness of mind, of humbleness

Notes: This word refers to the quality of humility or lowliness of mind. It describes a humble attitude, a lack of self-importance, and a recognition of one's own limitations or dependence on God. It is often used in a positive sense in the New Testament, encouraging believers to adopt a humble disposition towards God and others. It is a compound word formed from 'ταπεινός' (tapeinos), meaning 'lowly' or 'humble', and 'φρήν' (phren), meaning 'mind' or 'spirit'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΕΠΙΕΙΚΕΙΑ

G4846

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: soom-BAN-tone

Translations: of things that happened, of things that occurred, of events, of incidents

Notes: This word is a compound participle, meaning 'of things that happened' or 'of events that occurred'. It is formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing something that has taken place. It is often used to refer to past events or circumstances.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΑΧΘΕΝΤΩΝ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G5288

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TEE-lah-men

Translations: I shrank back, I drew back, I held back, I withdrew, I hesitated, I was afraid

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist indicative, middle voice of the verb hypostello. It describes the action of drawing back, shrinking away, or holding oneself back, often due to fear, hesitation, or a sense of shame. It implies a withdrawal from a situation or a reluctance to act or speak.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΥΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΥΠΟ (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'from under', and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (stello), meaning 'to send' or 'to set in order'. The combination conveys the idea of sending or drawing something back from under, leading to the sense of shrinking or holding back.

G4851

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: soom-feh-ROH-tohn

Translations: of advantage, of profit, of benefit, of what is profitable, of what is expedient, of what is advantageous, of what is beneficial

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'συμφέρω' (sympherō). It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn, meaning 'with' or 'together') and 'φέρω' (pherō, meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'). In this form, it refers to things that are advantageous, profitable, or beneficial, often in a collective sense. It can function adjectivally to describe things that are useful or expedient.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΩΦΕΛΙΜΩΝ, ΧΡΗΣΙΜΩΝ

G1219

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-mo-SEE-ah

Translations: publicly, in public, openly, a public (thing), a public (place)

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'publicly' or 'in public', indicating that an action is done openly or for everyone to see. It can also be the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δημόσιος', meaning 'public' or 'belonging to the people', describing something that is open to or concerns the community.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect), or Adjective (Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Vocative, or Accusative)

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΑΝΟΙΚΤΩΣ

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-koos

Translations: houses, homes, households, temples, a house, a home, a household, a temple

Notes: This word refers to a house, home, or dwelling place. It can also extend to mean a household, family, or even a temple or lineage. In the provided context, it appears to be the accusative plural of 'house' or 'household', indicating the objects of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of dwelling or inhabiting. It is a common word in ancient Greek for a dwelling.

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-mar-TOO-roh-meh-nos

Translations: testifying, solemnly testifying, earnestly testifying, charging, solemnly charging, earnestly charging, warning, solemnly warning, earnestly warning

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from διά (dia, 'through, thoroughly') and μαρτυρέω (martyreō, 'to bear witness'). It means to bear witness thoroughly, solemnly, or earnestly, often with an added sense of warning or charging. It describes an action of giving a strong, emphatic testimony or warning, often with a view to influencing the listener.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΩ

G3341

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-TAH-noy-ahn

Translations: repentance, a repentance, change of mind, a change of mind

Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or a transformation of one's inner disposition, often implying a turning away from sin. It signifies a fundamental shift in one's thinking and behavior, leading to a new direction in life.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek words μετά (meta), meaning 'after' or 'change,' and νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think.' It literally means 'a change of mind' or 'a change of perception.'

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

G1210

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: deh-DEH-meh-nos

Translations: bound, tied, imprisoned, a bound one, a prisoner

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that has been bound or tied. It can function adjectivally, meaning 'bound' or 'tied', or substantively, referring to 'one who is bound' or 'a prisoner'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΙΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΣ

Etymology: The verb 'δέω' (deō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: PNEE

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word fragment "ΠΝΙ" is not a complete word in Koine Greek. It appears to be a truncation or a misspelling. Based on the provided examples, it likely relates to verbs derived from the root "πνέω" (to breathe, blow) or "πνίγω" (to choke, drown). For instance, "ἀποπνίγω" means to choke or drown, and "πνεῦμα" means spirit or breath. Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and function are unclear. It could also potentially be an abbreviation or a part of a compound word.

Inflection: Unknown

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: por-YOO-oh-meh

Translations: going, walking, traveling, proceeding, departing, living, conducting oneself

Notes: This is an inflected form of the verb 'poreuō', meaning 'to go' or 'to walk'. It describes the action of moving from one place to another, or metaphorically, how one conducts their life. It is often used in the middle or passive voice to indicate 'to go one's way' or 'to proceed'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

G4876

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-an-TEE-son-tah

Translations: about to meet, about to encounter, about to happen, about to befall

Notes: This is a future active participle, indicating an action that is about to happen or a person who is about to perform an action. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'ἀντάω' (to meet, to come face to face). It describes something or someone that will meet, encounter, or befall another, often with the sense of 'what is about to happen to me' or 'those who are about to meet'.

Inflection: Future, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΝΤΗΣΟΝΤΑ, ΠΡΟΣΑΝΤΗΣΟΝΤΑ

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EYE-dohs

Translations: knowing, having known, having seen, perceiving, understanding, being aware

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'knowing'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge or understanding, often as a result of prior experience or perception. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows'). It is derived from the verb 'oida', which means 'to know' or 'to have seen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G4133

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: plēn

Translations: but, except, nevertheless, however, only, save, yet

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΛΗΝ (plēn). It functions as a conjunction or an adverb. As a conjunction, it introduces a contrasting or limiting statement, similar to 'but' or 'nevertheless'. As an adverb, it can mean 'only' or 'except'. It is often used to mark a transition or to emphasize a particular point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΑ, ΕΙ ΜΗ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill). It originally meant 'full' or 'complete', evolving to 'fully, completely', and then to 'except, but' in the sense of 'all but'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-mar-TOO-reh-tai

Translations: he solemnly testifies, he earnestly testifies, he warns, he charges

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb μαρτύρομαι (martyromai), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. It means to solemnly or earnestly testify, to warn, or to charge someone with something. It implies a strong, emphatic declaration or warning, often with a sense of urgency or importance. It can be used to describe someone giving a serious testimony or warning others about a situation.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word διαμαρτύρομαι (diamartyromai) is formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and μαρτύρομαι (martyromai), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. The prefix διά intensifies the meaning of the verb, indicating a thorough or solemn testimony.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-mar-TOO-rah-toh

Translations: he testified, he solemnly warned, he earnestly affirmed, he charged

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb μαρτύρομαι (martyromai), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. Together, it means to bear witness thoroughly, to testify earnestly, or to solemnly warn. It is often used to emphasize the seriousness or intensity of a testimony or warning, indicating a strong and deliberate declaration.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: LEH-gon

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, relating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (lego), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is happening concurrently with the main verb. It can be translated as 'saying', 'speaking', or 'while saying', often indicating the manner or circumstance of an action. In this form, 'ΛΕΓΟΝ' is the singular, nominative or accusative, neuter form.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΛΕΓΩ (lego) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to gather, collect, pick out', which evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say' in Greek, referring to the gathering of words.

G2347

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THLIP-sis

Translations: tribulation, affliction, distress, trouble, anguish, a tribulation, an affliction

Notes: This word refers to a state of pressure, oppression, or distress. It can describe physical suffering, emotional anguish, or difficult circumstances that cause trouble and hardship. It is often used in the context of persecution or severe trials.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΤΕΝΟΧΩΡΙΑ, ΠΙΕΣΙΣ, ΔΟΚΙΜΗ

Etymology: From the verb θλίβω (thlibō), meaning 'to press, to squeeze, to oppress'. It describes the act or state of being pressed or afflicted.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oo-DEH-nos

Translations: of no one, of nothing, of no

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective/pronoun 'oudeis' (no one, nothing). It is used to indicate possession or relationship, meaning 'of no one' or 'of nothing'. It can also function as an adjective meaning 'of no' or 'none'. It is a compound word formed from 'ou' (not), 'de' (but, and), and 'heis' (one).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΙΣ is a compound of three parts: οὐ (ou, 'not'), δέ (de, 'but, and'), and εἷς (heis, 'one'). This combination emphasizes the absolute negation, meaning 'not even one' or 'absolutely no one/nothing'.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goo

Translations: of word, of account, of reason, of speech, of message, of saying, of statement, of report, of matter, of thing

Notes: This word refers to a word, speech, discourse, or a divine utterance. It can also mean an account, reason, or a matter/thing. In its genitive form, as seen here, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'. It is frequently used in contexts relating to communication, divine revelation, or logical reasoning.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΜΥΘΟΣ, ΕΠΟΣ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-OO-my

Translations: I make, I do, I produce, I perform, I create, I cause, I appoint, I observe, I keep

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is often used in a broad sense to describe the act of bringing something into existence, performing an action, or causing an effect. It can refer to physical creation, the performance of duties, or the establishment of something. In the middle voice, as in 'ποιούμαι', it often means 'I make for myself', 'I do for myself', or 'I cause to be done for myself', implying a personal interest or involvement in the action.

Inflection: Present, Middle Voice, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PSY-khen

Translations: soul, a soul, life, a life, mind, a mind, self, a self

Notes: This word refers to the soul, the principle of life, or the inner self. It can denote a person's life, their mind, or their spiritual essence. It is often used to describe the seat of emotions, desires, and affections, and can also refer to the individual person themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΖΩΗ, ΠΝΕΥΜΑ

Etymology: From a root meaning 'to breathe', referring to the breath as the principle of life. It is related to the verb ψύχω (psycho), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.

G5093

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: TI-mi-an

Translations: precious, valuable, honorable, esteemed, a precious, a valuable, an honorable, an esteemed

Notes: This word describes something or someone as precious, valuable, or held in high esteem. It is used to indicate worth or honor. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, meaning it would be the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΤΙΜΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΤΙΜΙΟΣ (timios) is derived from the noun ΤΙΜΗ (timē), meaning 'honor, price, value'. It describes something possessing or worthy of honor or value.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: teh-lee-OH-soh

Translations: I will complete, I will finish, I will perfect, I will accomplish, I will bring to an end

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a future action of bringing something to completion, perfection, or an end. It implies the successful conclusion of a process or task, often with the nuance of making something perfect or fully mature. It can be used in contexts where a goal is achieved or a prophecy is fulfilled.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word τελειόω (teleioō) derives from τέλειος (teleios), meaning 'complete, perfect, mature,' which itself comes from τέλος (telos), meaning 'end, goal, purpose.' Thus, the verb signifies the act of bringing something to its intended end or state of perfection.

G1408

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DRO-mon

Translations: way, course, race, journey, a way, a course, a race, a journey

Notes: This word refers to a path, a course, or a race. It can describe a physical road or track, a metaphorical course of life or action, or a competitive race. It is often used to denote the direction or progress of something.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΤΡΟΧΙΑ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ

Etymology: This word comes from the Greek verb τρέχω (trechō), meaning 'to run'. It refers to the act or result of running, hence a course or path.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-mar-too-RAH-sthai

Translations: to solemnly testify, to earnestly warn, to protest, to bear witness, to charge, to adjure

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb μαρτύρομαι (martyromai), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. It signifies to bear witness or testify with great earnestness, solemnity, or thoroughness. It can also mean to earnestly warn, to protest, or to charge someone with something, often with an appeal to a higher authority or a strong sense of conviction. It is used to emphasize the seriousness and importance of the testimony or warning being given.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ (martyromai), meaning 'to bear witness' or 'to testify'. The prefix intensifies the action of testifying.

G2098

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-ang-GEL-ee-on

Translations: gospel, good news, a gospel, a good news

Notes: This word refers to 'good news' or 'glad tidings', and in a religious context, specifically 'the Gospel' or the message of salvation. It is a compound word formed from 'eu' (good, well) and 'angelia' (message, announcement). It is commonly used to refer to the Christian message of salvation through Jesus Christ.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΓΜΑ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΟ' (euangelion) is derived from the Greek prefix 'εὖ' (eu), meaning 'good' or 'well', and 'ἄγγελμα' (angelma), meaning 'message' or 'announcement'. It originally referred to a reward for bringing good news, and later to the good news itself.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having come to know. It can refer to knowing facts, understanding concepts, or being acquainted with people or things. It often implies a deep, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual acquaintance.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the English word 'wit'. It originally meant 'to have seen' (perfect tense of 'to see'), and thus 'to know' (from having seen).

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-po

Translations: face, presence, person, appearance, countenance, a face, a presence, a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' of a person or animal. By extension, it can mean 'presence' (being in front of someone) or 'appearance'. In some contexts, it can also refer to the 'person' themselves, or their 'outward aspect'. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' (ἐκ προσώπου) to mean 'from the presence of' or 'away from'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G2784

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: kay-ROOS-sone

Translations: proclaiming, preaching, announcing, a proclaimer, a preacher

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'to proclaim' or 'to preach'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in the act of proclaiming, announcing, or preaching. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'the proclaiming one') or as a verb describing an ongoing action (e.g., 'while he was proclaiming').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ, ΛΕΓΩ

G3143

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mar-TOO-roh-my

Translations: to bear witness, to testify, to call to witness, to solemnly affirm

Notes: This word is a deponent verb, meaning it appears in the middle voice but has an active meaning. It signifies the act of bearing witness, testifying, or solemnly affirming something. It can also mean to call someone to witness, often used in a legal or formal context to invoke a third party as a witness to an event or statement.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Deponent, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΡΟΜΑΙ is derived from the noun ΜΑΡΤΥΣ (martys), meaning 'witness'. It describes the action of being or acting as a witness.

G2513

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ka-tha-ROS

Translations: clean, pure, clear, innocent, undefiled, guiltless

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is clean, pure, or free from defilement, whether physical, moral, or ritual. It can refer to a person who is innocent or guiltless, or to an object that is unmixed or unadulterated. It is used to describe a state of being free from impurity.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΟΣ, ΑΜΙΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΜΩΜΟΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, meaning to purify. It refers to a state of being free from defilement.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G0129

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AI-mah-tos

Translations: of blood

Notes: This word refers to blood, the fluid that circulates in the vascular system of humans and other vertebrates. In Koine Greek, it is often used literally to refer to physical blood, but can also be used metaphorically to denote lineage, sacrifice, or violent death. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession, origin, or material, often translated as 'of blood'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Etymology: The word ΑΙΜΑ (haima) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient Greek word that has maintained its core meaning of 'blood' throughout its history.

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-layn

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, plan, or purpose, often implying a deliberate decision or intention. It can be used to describe human plans or, frequently in the New Testament, the divine will or purpose of God. It is used in sentences to indicate the object of an action, such as 'to know the counsel' or 'to understand the plan'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΣΥΜΒΟΥΛΙΑ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΒΟΥΛΗ (boulē) comes from the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, to wish, to intend'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-eh-teh

Translations: pay attention, take heed, beware, give heed, attend to, apply oneself

Notes: This word means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, to be cautious, or to apply oneself diligently. It is often used in the imperative mood to give a command or warning, urging someone to be careful or to listen closely. It can also mean to hold to or devote oneself to something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΕΙΝ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΕΧΩ (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to direct towards'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOYS

Translations: (to) themselves, (for) themselves, themselves, (among) themselves

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'they gave to themselves' or 'they saw themselves'. It emphasizes that the subject is both the actor and the recipient of the action.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Etymology: From Ancient Greek, a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'ἑός' (heos, 'his own') and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self').

G4167

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POYM-nee-oh

Translations: (to) a flock, (to) a herd, (to) a fold, (to) a sheepfold

Notes: This word refers to a flock of sheep, a herd of cattle, or a group of animals under the care of a shepherd or owner. It can also refer to the place where such animals are kept, like a fold or sheepfold. In a figurative sense, it can refer to a group of people, especially a congregation or community under the care of a leader, such as a pastor or bishop. This word is a compound word, derived from the root word for 'shepherd' (ποιμήν, poimēn).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΕΛΗ, ΠΡΟΒΑΤΟΝ

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-theh-toh

Translations: he placed, he put, he laid, he set, he appointed, he made, he established, he laid down, he laid up, he put for himself, he placed for himself, he laid for himself, he set for himself

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative middle voice of the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi), meaning 'to put, place, lay, or set'. In the middle voice, the action is performed by the subject for their own benefit or with a particular interest in the outcome, or it can simply be a reflexive action. Therefore, it often translates as 'he/she/it put/placed/laid/set for himself/herself/itself' or 'he/she/it made/appointed for himself/herself/itself'. It can also mean 'to establish' or 'to lay down' (as in a law or a life).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΤΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place, set'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, with many derivatives and compounds.

G1985

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-pee-SKO-poos

Translations: bishops, overseers, superintendents

Notes: This word refers to those who have oversight or supervision, particularly in an ecclesiastical context. It is often translated as 'bishops' or 'overseers' in the New Testament, denoting leaders in the early Christian church who were responsible for guiding and caring for the community. It is used in the accusative case, indicating that the 'bishops' or 'overseers' are the direct object of an action.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΥΣ, ΠΟΙΜΕΝΑΣ

G4165

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-MEH-nin

Translations: to shepherd, to tend, to rule, to guide

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιμαίνω' (poimainō). It literally means 'to act as a shepherd' or 'to tend a flock'. Metaphorically, it is used to describe the act of ruling, guiding, or caring for people, much like a shepherd cares for sheep. It implies leadership, protection, and provision.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΒΟΣΚΩ, ΝΕΜΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ποιμαίνω' (poimainō) is derived from the noun 'ποιμήν' (poimēn), meaning 'shepherd'. It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to protect' or 'to feed'.

G4046

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-eh-poy-EE-sah-toh

Translations: preserved, saved, acquired, gained, kept for oneself

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition περί (peri, 'around, concerning') and the verb ποιέω (poieō, 'to make, to do'). It means to preserve, save, or acquire something for oneself, often with the nuance of keeping it safe or for one's own benefit. It describes an action where someone takes steps to secure or maintain possession of something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΩΖΩ, ΚΤΑΟΜΑΙ, ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'concerning', and the verb ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. The combination suggests an action of making or doing something for the purpose of preservation or acquisition for oneself.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EE-dee-oo

Translations: of one's own, of private, of peculiar

Notes: This word refers to something that belongs to oneself, or is private, personal, or peculiar to an individual or group. It emphasizes ownership or distinctiveness. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of one's own' or 'belonging to oneself'. It can be used to describe property, actions, or characteristics that are specific to a particular subject.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΕΑΥΤΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *swe-d-yo-, from *swe- 'self'. It refers to what is one's own, private, or peculiar.

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Noun

Sounds like: BAH-rees

Translations: Baris, a Baris, a mountain, a fortress, a tower, a palace, a ship

Notes: ΒΑΡΙΣ (Baris) can refer to a specific mountain in Armenia, as mentioned in historical texts like Josephus. It can also be a general noun meaning a fortress, a tower, a palace, or even a type of ship. Its meaning is highly dependent on the context in which it is used. For example, in the context of a geographical location, it refers to the mountain, but in other contexts, it could describe a fortified structure or a grand building.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΥΡΓΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΠΛΟΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΡΙΣ is of foreign origin, likely from an Eastern language, possibly Egyptian or Persian, referring to a type of boat or a fortified structure. It was adopted into Greek with various meanings.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-LOO-tes

Translations: speaking, talking, saying, proclaiming

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action performed by the subject of the sentence. It indicates an ongoing action of speaking or talking. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the men speaking' or 'while they were speaking'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΩΝΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G1294

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-ess-TRAH-mmeh-nah

Translations: perverted, distorted, crooked, corrupt, perverse, twisted, perverted things, distorted things

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been perverted' or 'having been distorted'. It describes something that has been turned aside from its proper course or nature, becoming morally corrupt or physically crooked. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and 'στρέφω' (STREPHO), meaning 'to turn'. When used as an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that the noun possesses these qualities. For example, 'perverted ways' or 'crooked paths'.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΛΙΟΣ, ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΑΔΙΚΟΣ

G0660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-PAN

Translations: to draw away, to pull away, to tear away, to separate, to withdraw

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'apospaō'. It describes the action of drawing, pulling, or tearing something away from something else, or separating oneself from a group or place. It implies a forceful or decisive removal or withdrawal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ

Etymology: The word 'apospaō' is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'apo-' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'spaō' (meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull').

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G3560

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noo-theh-TOH

Translations: admonish, warn, instruct, counsel, exhort

Notes: This verb means to admonish, warn, or instruct someone, often with the aim of correcting their behavior or improving their understanding. It implies a gentle but firm guidance, often used in the context of moral or spiritual teaching. It can be used to describe a parent warning a child, or a teacher instructing a student.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ, ΕΛΕΓΧΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of νοῦς (nous), meaning 'mind' or 'understanding', and τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. Thus, it literally means 'to put into the mind' or 'to place understanding'.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-TI-the-mai

Translations: to set before, to present, to place beside, to commit, to entrust, to commend, to deposit, to put down, to lay down, to commit oneself, to entrust oneself

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para, 'beside, alongside') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, 'to put, to place'). In its active voice, it means 'to set before' or 'to present'. In the middle voice, as seen here, it often means 'to commit oneself to', 'to entrust oneself to', or 'to deposit' something for safekeeping. It can also mean 'to commend' or 'to recommend'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΤΡΕΠΩ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: doo-NAH-meh-noh

Translations: being able, able, powerful, one who is able, (to) one who is able, (to) the one being able

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is currently able or powerful. It can be translated as 'being able' or 'one who is able', often indicating capability or potential.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Dative, Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ

G3618

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oy-ko-do-ME-say

Translations: to build, to construct, to erect, to edify, to restore, to rebuild

Notes: This word is a compound verb derived from 'οἶκος' (house) and 'δέμω' (to build). It literally means 'to build a house' or 'to construct a building'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the act of building or constructing anything. Metaphorically, it is often used to mean 'to edify' or 'to build up' someone spiritually or morally, contributing to their growth and improvement. It can also mean to restore or rebuild something that has been damaged or destroyed.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΤΙΖΩ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ is a compound of ΟΙΚΟΣ (oikos), meaning 'house' or 'dwelling', and ΔΕΜΩ (demō), meaning 'to build'. It thus literally means 'to build a house'.

G2817

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: klay-roh-noh-MEE-ahn

Translations: inheritance, an inheritance, heritage, a heritage, possession, a possession

Notes: This word refers to an inheritance, a heritage, or a possession. It denotes something received by lot or as a legacy, often property or a spiritual blessing. It is used in sentences to describe what is passed down or acquired.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ (klēronomia) comes from the combination of κλῆρος (klēros), meaning 'lot' or 'portion', and νέμω (nemō), meaning 'to distribute' or 'to assign'. It refers to that which is distributed by lot or assigned as a portion.

G0037

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hee-gee-as-MEH-noys

Translations: sanctified, holy, consecrated, set apart

Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been made holy, consecrated, or set apart for a sacred purpose. It is often used in a religious context to refer to individuals or objects dedicated to God.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Perfect Participle, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΙ, ΚΕΚΑΘΑΡΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΦΩΡΙΣΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From ἅγιος (hagios, "holy"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἅζω (hazō, "to stand in awe of").

G3762

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oo-THEH-nos

Translations: of no one, of nothing, of no kind, of no account

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the negative adjective/pronoun 'οὐδείς' (oudeis), meaning 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is a compound word formed from 'οὐ' (not) and 'εἷς' (one). As a genitive, it indicates possession, origin, or separation, translating to 'of no one' or 'of nothing'. It can be used to emphasize the complete absence or insignificance of something or someone.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝΟΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝΟΣ

G1937

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-thy-MEE-sah

Translations: I desired, I longed, I craved, I lusted, I coveted

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epithymeo'. It describes a past action of desiring, longing, or craving something. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, referring to a strong desire for good things or a covetous desire for forbidden things.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΘΕΛΩ, ΟΡΕΓΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'epithymeo' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'epi' (meaning 'upon' or 'for') and 'thymos' (meaning 'passion' or 'strong feeling'). It originally conveyed the idea of setting one's heart or passion upon something.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEE-res

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This word refers to 'hands' or 'a hand'. It is the plural form of the noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. It is commonly used to denote the physical appendage at the end of the arm, but can also be used metaphorically to signify power, agency, or control, as in 'in the hands of God'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑΙ, ΠΑΛΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root word ΧΕΙΡ (cheir) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'hand'. It is an ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.

G5263

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-peh-DEIK-sah

Translations: showed, pointed out, indicated, warned, instructed

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'hypodeiknymi', meaning 'to show' or 'to point out'. It is a compound word formed from 'hypo' (under, by) and 'deiknymi' (to show, to point). It can be used to describe the act of showing something to someone, indicating a direction, or even warning or instructing someone about something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ, ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-tee-lam-BAH-nes-thai

Translations: to help, to assist, to take hold of, to receive, to participate in, to support

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'αντι' (anti, meaning 'against' or 'in return') and 'λαμβανω' (lambano, meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'). It generally means to take hold of something in return, often implying assistance or support. It can also mean to participate in something or to receive a share.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΟΗΘΕΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: Derived from the preposition 'αντι' (anti, 'against, in return for') and the verb 'λαμβανω' (lambano, 'to take, receive'). The combination suggests taking something in opposition or in exchange, which evolved to mean taking hold of to help or support.

G0770

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: as-theh-NOON-tohn

Translations: (of) those who are weak, (of) those who are sick, (of) the infirm, (of) the ailing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, genitive plural, derived from the verb 'astheneo'. It describes a state of being weak, sick, or infirm. It is used to refer to a group of people who are in such a condition, often translated as 'those who are weak' or 'the sick'. For example, it might be used in a phrase like 'caring for those who are weak'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΡΡΩΣΤΩΝ, ΚΑΚΩΣ ΕΧΟΝΤΩΝ

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-gohn

Translations: of words, of sayings, of accounts, of reasons, of messages, of speeches, of reports, of doctrines

Notes: ΛΟΓΩΝ is the genitive plural form of the noun ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos). The word ΛΟΓΟΣ is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a very broad range of meanings, including 'word,' 'speech,' 'account,' 'reason,' 'message,' 'report,' 'doctrine,' or 'principle.' In its genitive plural form, ΛΟΓΩΝ indicates possession, origin, or relation to multiple 'words' or 'concepts.' It is used to express 'of words' or 'belonging to words' in a sentence.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑΤΩΝ, ΜΥΘΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ

G3123

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MAHL-lon

Translations: more, rather, much more, especially

Notes: This word is a comparative adverb meaning 'more' or 'rather'. It is used to indicate a preference, a greater degree, or an intensification of something. It often appears in contexts where a comparison is being made, suggesting that one thing is true to a greater extent than another, or that one action is preferred over another. For example, it can mean 'more' in terms of quantity or intensity, or 'rather' when expressing a choice or preference.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΟΝ, ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ is a comparative adverb derived from an obsolete positive form related to the concept of 'much' or 'very'. It functions as the comparative degree of this implied positive.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DI-DOH-nai

Translations: to give, to grant, to bestow, to offer, to deliver

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didōmi), meaning 'to give'. It is used to express the action of giving, granting, or delivering something. For example, it can be used in constructions like 'to be able to give' or 'for the purpose of giving'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΔΩΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃- 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present form, characteristic of many verbs in Ancient Greek.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ei-PON

Translations: having said, saying, speaking, when he said, after he said

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'εἴπω' (eipo), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that occurred prior to or concurrently with the main verb of the sentence, indicating that the subject performed the act of speaking. It is often translated as 'having said' or 'when he said', but can also be rendered as 'saying' depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩΝ, ΛΑΛΩΝ

Etymology: The verb 'εἴπω' (eipo) is a primary verb in Koine Greek, meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is an ancient word with roots in Proto-Indo-European, and it is one of the most common verbs used for communication in the Greek New Testament and other ancient texts.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G2425

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-ka-NOS

Translations: sufficient, adequate, competent, able, worthy, enough, a lot, many

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being sufficient, adequate, or competent for a particular purpose or task. It can refer to a quantity that is enough, or a person who is capable or worthy. It is often used to express that something is ample or abundant.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΡΚΕΤΟΣ, ΑΞΙΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the verb ἱκάνω (hikanō), meaning 'to reach, to arrive, to suffice'.

G2029

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-PEH-son-tes

Translations: falling upon, having fallen upon, falling on, having fallen on, falling, having fallen

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epipipto', meaning 'to fall upon' or 'to fall on'. It describes an action of falling or having fallen, often with the implication of an impact, embrace, or prostration. It can be used to describe someone falling physically onto something or someone, or metaphorically falling into a state or condition. It often conveys a sense of suddenness or intensity in the act of falling.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ

G3600

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: oh-dy-NOH-meh-noy

Translations: suffering, being in pain, distressed, tormented, grieved, those who suffer, those who are in pain

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'odynao' or 'odynaomai', meaning 'to suffer pain' or 'to be distressed'. As a participle, it describes someone who is currently experiencing pain, grief, or torment. It can function adjectivally to describe 'those who are suffering' or adverbially to indicate the state of suffering while performing another action.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΣΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΛΥΠΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΘΛΙΒΟΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The verb ὀδυνάω (odynao) is derived from ὀδύνη (odynē), meaning 'pain' or 'grief'. It describes the act of causing or experiencing pain.

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G3765

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-keh-tee

Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from ΟΥΚ (not) and ΕΤΙ (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It indicates that something that was true or happening previously is no longer the case. For example, if someone 'no longer' does something, it means they used to do it but have stopped.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥΚ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still). Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MEL-loo-sin

Translations: they are about to, they intend, they are going to, they will

Notes: This word indicates an action that is about to happen, an intention, or a future event. It often functions as an auxiliary verb, similar to 'to be going to' or 'to be about to' in English, preceding an infinitive to express future tense or strong intention. It can also mean 'to delay' or 'to hesitate' in some contexts.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΑΙ, ΟΦΕΙΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΛΛΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to delay, to be slow'. In Greek, it evolved to signify being on the point of doing something, hence its use for future intention.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-OH-pon

Translations: face, a face, presence, person, appearance

Notes: This word refers to the face of a person or animal. It can also denote one's presence or appearance, or even a person themselves, especially in a formal or legal context. It is used to describe physical features as well as the impression or aspect someone presents.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek πρός (pros, "to, towards") and ὤψ (ōps, "eye, face"). It literally means "that which is towards the eye" or "that which is before the eye."

G2334

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: theh-oh-REIN

Translations: to behold, to look at, to perceive, to see, to observe, to gaze upon

Notes: This word describes the act of looking at something with careful attention, often implying contemplation or observation rather than a mere glance. It suggests a sustained and thoughtful gaze, often with the purpose of understanding or perceiving something deeply. It is used to describe seeing something with one's own eyes, often with a sense of wonder or significance.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΠΟΠΤΕΥΩ

Etymology: From a derivative of theaomai (to gaze at, behold), which is related to thea (a sight, spectacle). It refers to the act of being a spectator or observer.

G4316