2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nakh-THEN-tas

Translations: having put to sea, having set sail, having been brought up, having been led up

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anago' (ἀνάγω). It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has been 'brought up,' 'led up,' 'put to sea,' or 'set sail.' Its meaning often depends on the context, particularly whether it refers to a physical ascent or the act of embarking on a sea voyage. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΠΛΕΥΣΑΝΤΑΣ, ΑΝΑΧΘΕΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνάγω (anagō), meaning 'to lead up,' 'to bring up,' or 'to put to sea.' It is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up') and ἄγω (agō, 'to lead').

G0660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-pas-THEN-tas

Translations: having been drawn away, having been pulled away, having been torn away, having been separated

Notes: This word is the masculine plural accusative aorist passive participle of the verb 'ἀποσπάω' (apospaō). It describes an action that has already occurred, where someone or something has been forcibly drawn, pulled, or torn away from something else. It implies a separation or detachment, often with a sense of force or violence.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G2116

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-thoo-dro-MEH-san-tes

Translations: having run straight, having sailed straight, having gone straight

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'euthys' (straight) and 'dromos' (a course or running). It describes the action of moving directly or straightforwardly, often in the context of sailing or running a course without deviation. It implies a direct and unimpeded progression.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΝΩ, ΔΙΑΠΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΘΥΔΡΟΜΕΩ is a compound of two Greek words: ΕΥΘΥΣ (euthys), meaning 'straight' or 'direct', and ΔΡΟΜΟΣ (dromos), meaning 'a course', 'a race', or 'running'. Thus, it literally means 'to run or go straight'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: KOH

Translations: unknown

Notes: It is not clear what this word means. It is very short and could be an abbreviation, a fragment of a larger word, or a misspelling. In ancient Greek, single letters or short sequences could sometimes represent numbers, but 'ΚΩ' without a keraia (a mark resembling an apostrophe) does not typically function as a number. It is possible it is a garbled or badly misspelled word, or an uncommon abbreviation not widely documented.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: Cannot find any information about its origin or development as a standalone word.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1836

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ex-ACE

Translations: next, following, in a row, in succession, consecutively, thereafter, subsequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'next' or 'in succession'. It is used to indicate that something follows in order, either spatially or temporally. For example, it can describe events happening one after another, or items arranged consecutively.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΦΕΞΗΣ, ΚΑΘΕΞΗΣ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and ἑξῆς, which is related to ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It conveys the idea of 'holding out' or 'following out' in sequence.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1276

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-peh-RON

Translations: crossing over, passing through, going across

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'crossing over' or 'passing through'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (through, across) and 'περάω' (to pass, to go). It is used to describe someone or something that is in the process of traversing a space, often water.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Singular Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G1911

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-BAN-tes

Translations: having gone aboard, having embarked, having stepped on, having come upon, having entered

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ΕΠΙ' (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'on') and 'ΒΑΙΝΩ' (bainō, meaning 'to go' or 'to step'). It describes the action of stepping onto something, such as a ship, land, or a place, or coming upon someone or something. It implies an action of movement towards and onto a surface or into a situation.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΙΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EEKH-thay-men

Translations: we put to sea, we set sail, we were led up, we were brought up

Notes: This word is the first person plural, aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'anago'. It describes an action completed in the past by 'us' (we), where 'we' were the recipients of the action. In the context of travel, it commonly means 'we put to sea' or 'we set sail'. It can also mean 'we were led up' or 'we were brought up' depending on the context.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΑΝΑΠΛΕΩ, ΑΠΟΠΛΕΩ

Etymology: From 'ana' (up, again) and 'ago' (to lead, bring). The combination implies leading or bringing something up, or in the context of ships, leading them out to sea.

G0399

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-PHA-nan-tes

Translations: having appeared, having shown, having revealed, having been revealed, having been shown

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anaphaino', meaning 'to appear', 'to show', or 'to reveal'. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that someone or something has become visible or has been made known. It functions adjectivally, modifying a noun or pronoun.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΝΤΕΣ, ΔΕΙΞΑΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'anaphaino' is a compound of 'ana' (up, again) and 'phaino' (to shine, to appear). It literally means 'to cause to shine up' or 'to bring to light'.

G2641

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-lee-PON-tes

Translations: leaving behind, forsaking, abandoning, deserting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipō), meaning 'to leave behind' or 'to abandon'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that is performing the action of leaving behind or forsaking. It can refer to 'those who have left behind' or 'having left behind'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΤΕΣ, ΕΓΚΑΤΑΛΕΙΠΟΝΤΕΣ

G2176

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-oo-OH-noo-mon

Translations: left, on the left, left hand, left side, unlucky, ominous

Notes: This word literally means 'well-named' or 'of good omen'. However, in ancient Greek, it was often used as a euphemism for 'left' or 'on the left side'. This was because the left side was sometimes associated with bad luck or ill omens, so people would use a more positive term to refer to it. It can describe a position, a direction, or a hand.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΙΣΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek εὖ (eu, 'well') and ὄνομα (onoma, 'name'). It literally means 'well-named', used euphemistically for 'left' to avoid the negative connotations sometimes associated with the left side.

G2718

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kat-AYL-thoh-men

Translations: we came down, we went down, we descended

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to come down' or 'to go down'. It describes the action of moving from a higher place to a lower one. It is often used to describe travel, such as arriving at a port or a city after a journey, or descending from a mountain or a ship.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΒΗΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-for-TEE-zoh-meh-non

Translations: unloading, being unloaded, to be unloaded, to unload

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ἀποφορτίζω' (apophortizō), meaning 'to unload' or 'to discharge cargo'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing, indicating something or someone is in the process of being unloaded or is being relieved of a burden. It is a compound word formed from 'ἀπό' (apo, 'from, off') and 'φορτίζω' (phortizō, 'to load, burden').

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative, Singular, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΟΡΤΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΦΟΡΤΙΖΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-MIH-nah-men

Translations: we remained, we stayed, we waited, we endured

Notes: This is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'μένω' (menō). It means 'we remained', 'we stayed', 'we waited', or 'we endured'. The prefix 'ἐπι-' (epi-) intensifies the meaning of 'μένω', suggesting a staying or remaining *upon* or *at* a place, or a persistent waiting or enduring. In context, it often refers to staying in a place for a period of time or waiting for something to happen.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-leh-gon

Translations: they were saying, they said, they were telling, they told

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were saying' or 'they used to say'. It can also simply indicate a past action, 'they said' or 'they told'. It is commonly used to report speech or actions of a group of people in a narrative.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The verb 'ΛΕΓΩ' (LEGO) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', often implying a deliberate or reasoned utterance.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1910

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-BAH-ee-nin

Translations: to go upon, to step on, to embark, to enter, to mount, to come upon, to set foot on

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'epibaino', meaning 'to go upon' or 'to step on'. It describes the action of placing one's foot on something, or more broadly, entering or embarking upon a place or vehicle. It can also imply coming upon someone or something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'on', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (baino), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, in, among, until, unto, a, one

Notes: This word is most commonly a preposition meaning 'into' or 'to', indicating motion towards a place or purpose. It can also function as a numeral meaning 'one' or 'a single one'. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often indicating direction, purpose, or result. When used as a numeral, it refers to a single entity.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter, Singular (as a numeral)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΕΙΣ (eis) comes from a primary preposition of direction. The numeral ΕΙΣ (heis) comes from Proto-Indo-European. The form ΙΣ is a common uncial spelling for both.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G3753

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OH-teh

Translations: when, whenever, at which time

Notes: This word functions as a temporal adverb or conjunction, indicating a point or period in time. It is used to introduce a clause that specifies when an action occurs or occurred, similar to 'when' or 'whenever' in English. It can refer to a specific past event or a general, recurring condition.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΗΝΙΚΑ, ΟΠΟΤΕ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (the) and the particle 'te' (then, at that time). It originally meant 'at that time when'.

G1831

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having gone out, going out, went out, came out, departed, having come forth, coming forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come forth'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having gone out' or 'those who went out', indicating a completed action of departure or emergence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G4316

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-PEM-po-ton

Translations: sending forth, accompanying, escorting, bringing on the way, providing for a journey, helping on one's journey

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'propempo'. It describes the action of sending someone off, accompanying them, or providing for their journey. It implies an active role in assisting someone's travel, whether by physically going with them for a part of the way, or by supplying them with what they need for their journey. In this specific form, it functions adverbially, indicating the manner or circumstance of an action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΕΥΩ, ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-TOH

Translations: altogether, entirely, by all means, in every way

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As an adverb, 'παντῶ' means 'altogether' or 'entirely', indicating completeness or totality in an action or state. It can also mean 'by all means' or 'in every way', emphasizing a comprehensive manner.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΛΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΕΛΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'πᾶς' (pas), from which 'παντῶ' is derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: THEN-tes

Translations: having placed, having put, having set, placing, putting, setting

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΤΙΘΗΜΙ', meaning 'to place, put, or set'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, indicating an action that has been completed or is ongoing, depending on the context. It describes someone or something that has performed the action of placing or setting.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G0097

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ahee-gee-a-LON

Translations: beach, a beach, shore, a shore, coast, a coast

Notes: ΑΙΓΙΑΛΟΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΑΙΓΙΑΛΟΣ, meaning 'beach,' 'shore,' or 'coast.' It refers to the land bordering a body of water, typically a sea or lake. In a sentence, it would be used as the direct object of a verb, indicating the place where an action is directed or takes place.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΑΙΓΙΑΛΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from ΑΙΞ (aix), meaning 'goat,' and ΑΛΣ (hals), meaning 'sea,' perhaps referring to a rocky or steep coast where goats might graze. Another theory connects it to the sound of waves breaking on the shore.

G0660

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-ays-pa-SA-me-tha

Translations: we were drawn away, we were separated, we were torn away, we were pulled away

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist indicative middle of the verb 'αποσπάω' (apospaō). It describes an action where a group of people (we) were drawn, pulled, or torn away from something or someone. It implies a separation, often by force or against one's will, or simply a detachment from a previous state or location.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΣΠΑΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee-men

Translations: we went up, we ascended, we climbed, we embarked

Notes: This word is the first person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ' (anabainō). It is a compound verb formed from 'ΑΝΑ' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upon', and 'ΒΑΙΝΩ' (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Therefore, 'ΑΝΕΒΗΜΕΝ' means 'we went up' or 'we ascended'. It describes a completed action of moving upwards or embarking, often onto a ship or a higher place.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NEH-bee-men

Translations: we went up, we ascended, we embarked, we entered, we came up

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἀναβαίνω (anabainō), meaning 'to go up,' 'to ascend,' 'to embark,' or 'to enter.' It describes an action of moving upwards or getting into something, completed in the past by a group of people ('we'). The form ΕΝΕΒΗΜΕΝ is a common variant or textual reading for ΑΝΕΒΗΜΕΝ, which is the more standard form of the aorist indicative.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The verb ἀναβαίνω (anabainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards,' and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step.'

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-dee-ah

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, personal, individually, privately, separately, apart

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar,' referring to something belonging to a specific person or group. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'privately,' 'separately,' or 'individually.' As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Plural; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΞΕΧΩΡΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is 'one's own' or 'private.'

Part of Speech: Stem

Sounds like: PLOO

Translations: wealth, riches, to be rich, to become rich

Notes: This word appears to be a stem or a truncated form of a Koine Greek word related to wealth or richness. It is not a complete word on its own. It is most likely the stem for words like ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ (wealth, riches) or verbs like ΠΛΟΥΤΕΩ (to be rich, to become rich). In the provided examples, we see forms like ΠΛΟΥΤΟΝ (wealth, accusative case) and ΠΕΠΛΟΥΤΗΚΑ (I have become rich, from the verb ΠΛΟΥΤΕΩ).

Inflection: Does not inflect (as it is a stem)

Etymology: The root word ΠΛΟΥΤΟΣ (ploutos) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *plew- meaning 'to flow, to swim, to fly'. It is related to concepts of abundance and overflowing.

G1249

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-NOO-san-tes

Translations: having accomplished, having completed, having finished, having passed through

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'διανύω', meaning 'to accomplish' or 'to complete'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed by the subject. It often implies the successful completion of a journey, task, or period of time. For example, it could be used to say 'having completed the journey' or 'having finished the task'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΠΕΡΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΤΕΛΕΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G2658

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teen-TEE-sah-men

Translations: we arrived, we came, we reached

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἀντάω (antaō, meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite'). It means to arrive at a destination, to come to a specific place, or to reach a certain point. It is used to describe the completion of a journey or the attainment of a goal.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΝΤΑΩ is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἀντάω (antaō), meaning 'to meet' or 'to come opposite'. The combination signifies coming down to meet or arriving at a destination.

G4410

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ptoh-leh-MAH-ee-dah

Translations: Ptolemais

Notes: Ptolemais is the name of an ancient city, located on the coast of Phoenicia (modern-day Acre, Israel). It was a significant port city in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It is used in sentences to refer to the city itself, often as a destination or location.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Ptolemais is derived from the Greek personal name Ptolemy (Πτολεμαῖος), a common name among the Hellenistic kings of Egypt, particularly Ptolemy II Philadelphus, who refounded and renamed the city.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEE-nah-men

Translations: we remained, we abode, we waited, we endured

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to remain,' 'to abide,' 'to wait,' or 'to endure.' In the provided context, it is used in the past tense, indicating that a group of people 'remained' or 'waited' somewhere for a period of time. It describes the action of staying in a place or continuing in a state.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative Active

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΙΖΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΕΝΩ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *men- ('to remain, to stay'). It is related to Latin manere ('to remain') and Sanskrit manas ('mind, spirit').

G3392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: mee-AH-n

Translations: to defile, to pollute, to contaminate, to stain

Notes: This word describes the act of making something unclean, impure, or unholy. It can refer to physical defilement, such as staining or polluting, or to moral and spiritual defilement, such as corrupting or profaning. It is often used in a religious context to describe ritual impurity or sin.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΜΟΛΥΝΩ, ΡΥΠΑΙΝΩ, ΒΕΒΗΛΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'μιαίνω' (miainō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the concept of defilement and impurity.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1889

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: ep-OW-ree-on

Translations: on the morrow, the next day, tomorrow

Notes: This word functions as an adverb of time, meaning 'on the morrow' or 'the next day'. It is used to indicate the day following the current one, often in narrative contexts to advance the timeline of events. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'On the next day, they departed.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, on') and αὔριον (aurion, 'tomorrow'). It literally means 'on tomorrow'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ice-el-THON-tes

Translations: having entered, entering, who entered, when they entered, as they entered

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in' or 'to enter'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of a sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time, cause, or manner of the main action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G5376

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fee-LIP-poo

Translations: (of) Philip

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of the proper noun 'Philip'. It refers to a person named Philip and is used to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Philip' or 'Philip's'. It is a common name found in ancient Greek texts, including the New Testament and historical writings.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From Greek Φίλιππος (Philippos), meaning 'lover of horses' or 'fond of horses', derived from φίλος (philos, 'dear, beloved, loving') and ἵππος (hippos, 'horse').

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G3306

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-MEI-nah-men

Translations: we remained, we abode, we stayed, we endured, we waited

Notes: This word is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΜΕΝΩ'. It means 'we remained', 'we abode', 'we stayed', or 'we endured'. It describes an action of remaining or continuing in a place, state, or condition that occurred in the past and was completed. It can also imply waiting or enduring.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΤΑΜΕΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΝΩ (menō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to stay, to remain'. It is related to concepts of stability and persistence.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G1961

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-meh-NON-tone

Translations: remaining, abiding, continuing, persevering, persisting, staying, waiting, enduring, of remaining, of abiding, of continuing, of persevering, of persisting, of staying, of waiting, of enduring

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (upon, over) and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (to remain, abide). It means to remain, abide, continue, or persevere in a place, state, or action. It implies a sense of persistence or steadfastness. It can be used to describe someone who stays in a particular location or who continues to hold a belief or practice.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Plural

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΟΝΤΩΝ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΜΕΝΩ is derived from the prefix ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to,' and the verb ΜΕΝΩ (menō), meaning 'to remain' or 'to abide.' The combination suggests a continued or persistent state of remaining.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tays

Translations: prophet, a prophet

Notes: A prophet is a person who speaks for God, often delivering divine messages, interpreting God's will, or foretelling future events. They are seen as inspired by God to communicate His word to humanity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΠΝΕΥΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προφήτης (prophḗtēs), from πρό (pró, “before”) + φημί (phēmí, “to speak”). It literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks for'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: el-THOHN

Translations: having come, when he came, after coming, coming

Notes: ΕΛΘΩΝ is the aorist active participle of the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is completed relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time or manner of the main action, such as 'having come' or 'after he came'. It can also function adjectivally, describing a noun.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΗΚΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G0685

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AH-ras

Translations: curse, a curse, imprecation, prayer

Notes: This word refers to a curse, an imprecation, or a solemn prayer, often invoking divine wrath or misfortune upon someone. It can also refer to the object of a curse. In some contexts, it can simply mean a prayer or an appeal to a deity, but its primary usage in Koine Greek often carries the negative connotation of a curse.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΡΑ' (ara) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from a root meaning 'to bind' or 'to pray'. It is related to the verb 'ἀράομαι' (araomai), meaning 'to curse' or 'to pray'.

G1438

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ah-TOO

Translations: (of) himself, (of) herself, (of) itself, (of) themselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action of the verb is directed back to the one performing it. For example, 'he washed himself'. It is a compound word formed from the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos) and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou).

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter. It can also be used for Feminine or Plural contexts, though the specific form 'ΕΑΥΤΟΥ' is genitive singular masculine/neuter.

Etymology: From the combination of the personal pronoun 'αὐτός' (autos, 'self') and the reflexive pronoun 'ἑαυτοῦ' (heautou, 'of self').

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TA-deh

Translations: these things, thus, as follows

Notes: ΤΑΔΕ is the neuter plural form of the demonstrative pronoun ὅδε (hode), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is often used to introduce a statement, a list of items, or direct speech, functioning like 'thus' or 'as follows'. For example, 'thus says the Lord'. It can refer to things that are about to be said or have just been mentioned.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΟΣ, ΤΟΙΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ὅδε (hode) is formed from the demonstrative pronoun ὁ (ho, 'this, that') and the deictic particle -δε (-de), which emphasizes proximity or immediate reference.

G3003

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LEH-gee

Translations: Legion, a legion

Notes: This word is a Latin loanword, 'legio', meaning a legion, which was a large unit of the Roman army, typically comprising several thousand soldiers. In the New Testament, it is notably used metaphorically to describe a large number of demons, as seen in the story of the Gerasene demoniac where the demons identify themselves as 'Legion' because they are many. It signifies a vast, organized multitude.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1210

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: day-SOO-see

Translations: they will bind, they will tie, they will put in bonds, they will imprison

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they will bind' or 'they will tie'. It is used to describe an action of restraining or securing something or someone, often with ropes or chains. It can also imply putting someone in prison or under arrest. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'They will bind him with chains' or 'They will imprison the criminals'.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΚΑΤΑΔΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΕΩ (deo) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to tie' or 'to bind'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, Jewish people

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Judea, or more broadly, to the Jewish people, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who adhere to Judaism. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes them from Gentiles (non-Jews). It is used to describe the ethnic and religious group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah and later the kingdom of Judah. The Greek form 'Ioudaios' means 'of Judah' or 'a Judean', which then came to mean 'Jew'.

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pah-rah-doh-SOO-sin

Translations: they will hand over, they will deliver, they will betray, they will commit, they will entrust

Notes: This word is the future active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'παραδίδωμι' (paradidōmi). It means 'they will hand over' or 'they will deliver'. It can also carry the sense of 'betraying' someone or 'committing' something into someone's care. It is used to describe an action of transferring something or someone from one's possession or authority to another's.

Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΓΧΕΙΡΙΖΩ

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-ka-LOO-men

Translations: we were calling to, we were urging, we were exhorting, we were comforting, we were appealing to, we were entreating

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'παρακαλέω' (parakaleō), meaning 'to call to one's side', 'to urge', 'to exhort', 'to comfort', 'to appeal to', or 'to entreat'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used in various contexts, such as urging someone to do something, comforting someone in distress, or making an appeal.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΙΤΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G1780

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-TOH-pee-oy

Translations: local, native, a local, a native

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being 'local' or 'native' to a particular place. It refers to people who belong to or reside in a specific locality, distinguishing them from outsiders or foreigners. It is often used to refer to the inhabitants of a place.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΧΘΩΝ, ΕΓΧΩΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the preposition ΕΝ (EN), meaning 'in', and ΤΟΠΟΣ (TOPOS), meaning 'place'. Thus, it literally means 'in a place' or 'belonging to a place'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-thay

Translations: answered, replied

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. In its middle or passive voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to answer back' or 'to reply'. It is commonly used to describe someone giving a verbal response to a question or statement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Middle), 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. The combination suggests a 'separation by judgment' or 'a decision coming forth', which evolved into the meaning of 'to answer' or 'to reply'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-ee-teh

Translations: do, make, perform, create, you do, you make

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning to do, make, or perform an action. It can be used in various contexts to describe the act of bringing something into existence, carrying out a task, or behaving in a certain way. It is a versatile verb that can take on different nuances depending on the context.

Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 2nd Person Plural; Present Active Imperative, 2nd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is derived from an ancient root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is related to other Greek words concerning action and creation.

G4937

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-THROOP-ton-tes

Translations: breaking, crushing, bruising, shattering

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ (SYN), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΘΡΥΠΤΩ (THRYPTO), meaning 'to break' or 'to crush'. As a whole, it means to break completely, to shatter, or to crush thoroughly. It is often used metaphorically to describe breaking someone's spirit or heart, or causing great distress. It describes an ongoing action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Nominative or Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΘΡΥΠΤΩ, ΣΥΝΤΡΙΒΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΘΡΥΠΤΩ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with, together', and the verb ΘΡΥΠΤΩ (thryptō), meaning 'to break in pieces, to crush'. The root ΘΡΥΠΤΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the sound of breaking.

G3440

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: MO-non

Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ

G1210

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: deh-THEH-nai

Translations: to be bound, to be tied, to be imprisoned, to be put in chains

Notes: This word is an infinitive verb meaning "to be bound" or "to be tied." It describes the action of being physically restrained or imprisoned. It can be used in contexts where someone is literally tied up, or metaphorically, such as being bound by an oath or law.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΕΥΕΣΘΑΙ, ΑΛΥΣΟΔΕΤΕΙΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deh₂- (to bind). In Koine Greek, it refers to the act of binding or tying.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G0599

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poh-THA-nee

Translations: to die, to be dead, to perish

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'apothnesko', meaning 'to die' or 'to perish'. It describes the action of dying or coming to an end. It is often used in contexts referring to physical death, but can also be used metaphorically for something ceasing to exist or losing its power. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often appearing after verbs like 'to be able' or 'to want', or as the subject or object of a sentence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ

G2092

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-TOY-mohs

Translations: readily, promptly, quickly, at hand, in readiness, prepared

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'readily' or 'promptly'. It describes an action that is done with ease, speed, or a state of preparedness. It can indicate that something is available or at hand, or that an action is performed without hesitation. For example, one might 'readily' obey a command or be 'prepared' for an event.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΕΩΣ, ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΤΟΙΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ (hetoimos), meaning 'ready' or 'prepared'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the concept of being 'at hand' or 'in order'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoh

Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pi-tho-MEH-noo

Translations: of being persuaded, of obeying, of trusting, of yielding, of listening to

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present middle/passive participle of the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (peitho). It describes someone who is in the process of being persuaded, obeying, trusting, or yielding. In a sentence, it would typically function as an adjective modifying a noun in the genitive case, or as part of a genitive absolute construction, indicating the circumstances under which an action occurs.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΕΙΘΑΡΧΕΩ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ay-PON-tes

Translations: saying, having said, speaking, having spoken, telling, having told

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring simultaneously with another action, often functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates that the subject has performed the action of speaking or saying something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΑΣΚΟΝΤΕΣ

G2307

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: the-LEE-mah

Translations: will, desire, purpose, a will, a desire, a purpose

Notes: This word refers to a will, desire, or purpose, often implying a deliberate intention or choice. It can be used to describe the will of God, the will of a person, or a general intention. It is frequently used in contexts relating to divine purpose or human obedience to that purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb θέλω (thelō), meaning 'to will, wish, desire'. It denotes the result or object of willing.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gee-NEH-sthoh

Translations: let it be, let it come to pass, let it happen, let it become, let it arise

Notes: This word is an imperative form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be.' It is used to express a command, wish, or permission for something to occur or exist. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'Let there be light,' or 'Let this happen.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Imperative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΩ, ΕΣΤΩ

Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of becoming or generation.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1943

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-ee-skyooh-ah-SAH-meh-noy

Translations: having prepared, having made ready, having provided, having furnished

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'episkeuazo', meaning 'to prepare', 'to make ready', or 'to furnish'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or verb in the sentence. It implies a completed act of preparation or provision.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΑΖΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-eh-BAH-ee-noh-men

Translations: we were going up, we were ascending, we were coming up, we were climbing

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up', 'to ascend', or 'to climb'. It describes the action of moving upwards, whether literally ascending a physical height or metaphorically rising in status or position. It is used to indicate an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνά (aná, 'up') + βαίνω (baínō, 'to go, to step'). It describes the action of going or stepping upwards.

G4905

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EEL-thon

Translations: came together, gathered, assembled, met

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, meaning "to come together" or "to assemble." It describes a past action where multiple individuals or groups converged or gathered in one place. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (together with) and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (to come).

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΝΤΑΙ

G2542

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: kahee-sah-REE-as

Translations: of Caesarea

Notes: This is the genitive singular form of 'Caesarea', referring to one of several cities named in honor of Caesar. The most prominent in the New Testament is Caesarea Maritima, a major port city in ancient Judea, which served as the Roman capital of the province. It is used to indicate origin or possession, such as 'from Caesarea' or 'belonging to Caesarea'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: From Latin 'Caesarea', meaning 'of Caesar', referring to cities named after Roman emperors, particularly Augustus Caesar.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GOHN-tes

Translations: leading, bringing, carrying, taking, going, driving, bringing along, bringing in, bringing forth

Notes: This word is the present active participle, masculine plural, nominative or accusative case, of the verb 'ago'. It describes the action of leading, bringing, or carrying something or someone. It can also mean to go or to drive, depending on the context. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the subject or object while performing the action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΜΙΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΠΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G3579

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: xeh-nee-STHOH-men

Translations: let us be entertained, let us be lodged, let us be received as guests, let us be hosted

Notes: This is the first person plural, aorist passive subjunctive form of the verb ΞΕΝΙΖΩ (xenizo). The verb means to receive as a guest, to entertain, to lodge, or to show hospitality. In the passive voice, it means to be entertained, to be lodged, or to be received as a guest. The subjunctive mood often expresses a wish, a command, or a possibility, so in this form, it conveys a sense of 'let us be hosted' or 'may we be entertained'.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΞΕΝΙΖΩ (xenizo) comes from the noun ΞΕΝΟΣ (xenos), meaning 'stranger' or 'guest'. It literally means 'to act as a stranger' or 'to treat as a guest'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TEE-nee

Translations: to/for someone, to/for something, by someone, by something, with someone, with something, in what, to what, by what, a certain one, a certain thing, (to) what, (to) whom, (to) which

Notes: ΤΙΝΙ is the dative singular form of the indefinite and interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ. As an indefinite pronoun, it means 'someone,' 'something,' 'a certain one,' or 'a certain thing,' indicating an unspecified person or object. As an interrogative pronoun, it means 'to whom,' 'to what,' 'by whom,' or 'by what,' asking about the recipient or agent of an action. Its meaning depends on the context, often indicating an indirect object or an instrument.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

G2954

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KOO-pree-oh

Translations: Cypriot, a Cypriot, to a Cypriot, for a Cypriot, to Cypriots, for Cypriots

Notes: This word refers to someone from Cyprus, an island in the eastern Mediterranean. It can be used as an adjective meaning 'Cypriot' or as a noun meaning 'a Cypriot' or 'Cypriots'. In this form, ΚΥΠΡΙΩ, it is the dative singular or dative plural of the word, indicating the recipient or beneficiary of an action, or the location 'at/in Cyprus' when referring to the island itself.

Inflection: Dative, Singular or Plural, Masculine or Feminine

G0744

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ar-KHAH-ee-oh

Translations: ancient, old, former, primitive, of old, of ancient times

Notes: This word describes something as being old, ancient, or from a former time. It is used to refer to things that existed long ago, or to people who lived in ancient times. It can also describe something as being primitive or original. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, agreeing with them in gender, number, and case.

Inflection: Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter; or Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΛΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

G3101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-thee-TAY

Translations: disciple, a disciple, student, learner

Notes: This word refers to a learner, pupil, or follower. It is commonly used to describe someone who adheres to the teachings of another, such as a student following a teacher or a follower of a particular philosophy or religion. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the followers of Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΤΗΣ, ΕΚΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ (mathētēs) derives from the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. It refers to one who learns or is taught.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nohn

Translations: having become, having happened, having come to pass, of those who became, of those who happened

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ginomai', meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal characteristics, often indicating an action that has already occurred. It can describe a state of being or an event that has taken place.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΩΝ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

Etymology: The word 'ginomai' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.

G0001, G0002

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DEK-sahn-toh

Translations: they received, they welcomed, they accepted, they approved

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'δεχομαι' (dechomai), meaning 'to receive' or 'to welcome'. The prefix 'απο-' (apo-) intensifies the meaning, suggesting a full or complete reception or acceptance. It describes an action where a group of people fully received, welcomed, or accepted something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G1967

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-OO-see

Translations: daily, for the coming day, necessary for existence, for subsistence, for tomorrow

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as 'daily' or 'for the coming day'. It is famously used in the Lord's Prayer to refer to 'daily bread,' implying bread that is sufficient for the day's needs or for the coming day. It can also convey the sense of being necessary for existence or subsistence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΟΣ, ΑΥΡΙΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'for', and 'οὐσία' (ousia), meaning 'being' or 'substance'. It can also be related to 'ἐπιέναι' (epienai), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to come next'. The precise etymology and meaning have been debated since ancient times, with interpretations ranging from 'for existence' to 'for the coming day'.

G2385

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-ah-KO-boh

Translations: James, Jacob

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the biblical figure James, also known as Jacob. It is a common name in the New Testament, referring to several individuals, most notably James, the son of Zebedee and brother of John, and James, the brother of Jesus. It is used to identify these specific individuals in narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Etymology: The Koine Greek word ΙΑΚΩΒΟ (Iakobo) is derived from the Hebrew name Ya'akov (יַעֲקֹב), which means 'supplanter' or 'he who grasps the heel'. It entered Greek through the Septuagint translation of the Old Testament.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they came, they arrived, they were present

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be.' Together, it means 'to come alongside,' 'to arrive,' or 'to be present.' It describes the act of someone or a group of people arriving at a particular place or being present at an event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G1834

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eks-ay-GAY-toh

Translations: he was explaining, he was expounding, he was relating, he was describing, he was interpreting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek, meaning 'out of' or 'from') and the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai, meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'). It means to lead out in narration or explanation, hence to explain, expound, relate, describe, or interpret. It is used to describe someone providing a detailed account or interpretation of something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΦΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ is derived from the prefix ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. The combination suggests 'to lead out' or 'to bring forth' information or meaning.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-ton

Translations: each, every, each one, every one, each thing, every thing

Notes: This word means 'each' or 'every', referring to individual items or persons within a group. It is used to emphasize the distinctness of each member. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a pronoun standing in for 'each one' or 'each thing'.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ, ΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an intensive form of the demonstrative pronoun 'he' or 'that', emphasizing individuality.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-KOO-san-tes

Translations: having heard, those who heard, after hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It can refer to people who have heard something, or indicate that an action occurred after the act of hearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is a third-person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying that occurred in the past and is viewed as a completed event. It is used to report what a group of people said.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λέγω' (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather', which evolved to mean 'to pick out, count, tell, say' in Greek.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-DEL-feh

Translations: brother, O brother, fellow believer, countryman

Notes: This word refers to a brother by birth, but it is also commonly used in a broader sense to refer to a fellow human being, a countryman, or a fellow believer, especially in a religious or communal context. It is often used as a term of address, similar to 'brother' or 'friend' in English. In this specific form, it is used when directly addressing someone.

Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ, ΣΥΝΤΡΟΦΟΣ, ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΔΕΛΦΟΣ' (adelphos) is a compound word derived from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'same', and 'δελφύς' (delphys), meaning 'womb'. Thus, it literally means 'from the same womb'.

G4100

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-koh-tohn

Translations: of those who have believed, of believers

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing results. In this form, it functions as a noun, referring to 'those who have believed' or 'believers'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, similar to how 'of' is used in English.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΟΙ, ΠΕΠΙΣΤΕΥΚΟΤΕΣ

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-kho-sin

Translations: they are, they exist, they possess, they have, they belong, they are present

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be', 'to exist', or 'to be present'. It can also mean 'to possess' or 'to have', indicating a state of being or ownership. It is often used to describe something that truly is or genuinely exists, or to denote a pre-existing condition or state.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΧΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hupo, “under”) + ἄρχω (archō, “to begin, to rule”). The combination suggests 'to begin under' or 'to be originally'.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, or a follower of Judaism. In its accusative plural form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions, indicating 'Jews' as the recipients of an action or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ' is derived from 'ΙΟΥΔΑ' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It signifies someone belonging to or originating from Judah.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: LEH-goh

Translations: say, speak, tell, call, mean

Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to introduce direct or indirect speech, to give commands, or to express an opinion. It can also mean 'to call' or 'to name' someone or something, or 'to mean' something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to pick out words', hence 'to speak' or 'to say'.

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G4059

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-TEM-nee

Translations: to circumcise, to cut around, to cut off

Notes: This word means 'to circumcise' or 'to cut around/off'. It is used to describe the act of performing circumcision, a religious rite, particularly among Jews. It can also be used more generally to mean 'to cut off' or 'to prune'. The form 'ΠΕΡΙΤΕΜΝΙ' is likely a misspelling or a variant of 'ΠΕΡΙΤΕΜΝΕΙ' (present active indicative, 3rd person singular) or 'ΠΕΡΙΤΕΜΝΗ' (present active subjunctive, 3rd person singular), or possibly an imperative form.

Inflection: Likely a misspelling or variant of a 3rd person singular form (indicative or subjunctive) or an imperative form. It would be Present Tense, Active Voice.

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΟΠΤΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

G3366

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: MEE-deh

Translations: neither, nor, not even, and not

Notes: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word formed from the negative particle μή (mē, 'not') and the conjunction δέ (de, 'but, and'). It is used to introduce a negative clause, often following another negative clause, conveying the sense of 'neither...nor' or 'not even'. It is primarily used with non-indicative moods, such as the imperative or subjunctive, to express prohibitions or negative conditions.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕ

Etymology: ΜΗΔΕ is a compound word derived from the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and the postpositive conjunction δέ (de), meaning 'but' or 'and'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EH-theh-sin

Translations: to positions, in positions, for positions, to settings, in settings, for settings, to arrangements, in arrangements, for arrangements, to foundations, in foundations, for foundations

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the noun 'θέσις' (thesis). It refers to the act of placing, setting, or arranging something, or the resulting position, setting, or arrangement itself. In context, it often describes the established order, a foundation, or a specific location. As a dative plural, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to', 'for', or 'in' relation to multiple positions, settings, or arrangements.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΑΞΕΣΙΝ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΑΣΕΣΙΝ

G4043

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TEIN

Translations: to walk, to live, to conduct oneself, to go about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'περιπατέω' (peripateō). It means 'to walk' in a literal sense, but often carries the figurative meaning of 'to live one's life,' 'to conduct oneself,' or 'to behave.' It describes the manner in which someone lives or acts. In the provided text, it is used in the context of 'those who wish to walk about in robes,' indicating a manner of public appearance or conduct.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΟΔΕΥΕΙΝ, ΒΑΔΙΖΕΙΝ

Etymology: The verb 'περιπατέω' is a compound word formed from 'περί' (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about,' and 'πατέω' (pateō), meaning 'to tread' or 'to walk.' Thus, it literally means 'to walk around' or 'to walk about.'

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ES-tee

Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists, it exists, it is possible

Notes: This word is a common form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, or to simply state that something exists.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΙΜΙ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3843

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAN-tohs

Translations: certainly, by all means, altogether, surely, doubtless, absolutely, entirely, at any rate

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize certainty, totality, or necessity. It can be translated as 'certainly,' 'surely,' 'by all means,' or 'altogether,' indicating that something is definitely true or will definitely happen. It can also mean 'at any rate' or 'in any case,' suggesting a minimum level of certainty or action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΣΗ, ΠΑΝΤΗ

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G4905

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-el-THAIN

Translations: to come together, to assemble, to gather, to meet, to associate with

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'σύν' (with, together) and the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (to come, to go). It means to come or go together with others, to assemble, or to meet. It can be used in various contexts to describe people gathering for a specific purpose or simply coming into each other's presence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (meaning 'to come' or 'to go').

G4128

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PLAY-thoss

Translations: multitude, a multitude, crowd, a crowd, great number, abundance, a great number

Notes: This word refers to a large number or quantity of people or things. It can be used to describe a crowd of people, a large amount of something, or a general abundance. For example, it might refer to a large gathering of disciples or a great quantity of fish.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΑΓΕΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek root *pleth-* meaning 'to be full' or 'to fill'. It is related to words indicating fullness or abundance.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-koo-SON-tai

Translations: they will hear, they will listen, they will understand

Notes: This word is the third person plural future indicative form of the verb 'akouo', meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It indicates an action that will happen in the future, specifically that a group of people ('they') will perform the action of hearing or listening. It can also imply understanding or paying attention to what is heard.

Inflection: Third person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of an obsolete primary verb, probably of uncertain affinity. It refers to the physical act of hearing, but also often implies mental attention and understanding.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LEE-loo-thas

Translations: you have come, you have gone, you came, you went

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to come' or 'to go'. It indicates an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or relevance in the present. It is used when referring to a singular 'you' (second person singular) who has arrived or departed.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to move' or 'to go'. It is a common verb in Koine Greek, used frequently in the New Testament and Septuagint.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EE-soh

Translations: I will do, I will make, I will perform, I will produce, I will cause, I will bring about

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'poieo', meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek, used in a wide range of contexts to express actions, creation, performance, or causing something to happen. It can refer to physical actions, the creation of objects, the performance of duties, or the bringing about of events. The specific form 'ΠΟΙΗΣΟ' indicates a future action, meaning 'I will do' or 'I will make'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'poieo' comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar concepts of action and creation.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, holding fast, holding back, having in mind, being able, being in a state of, being affected by

Notes: This word is the masculine nominative plural or feminine nominative plural or masculine accusative plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'ΕΧΩ' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes a group of people (or things) who are in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It can also indicate a state of being or a condition. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'those having faith' or 'they who possess wisdom'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative Plural (Masculine or Feminine) or Accusative Plural (Masculine)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ

G0575

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, with, of, for, because of, after, since

Notes: This is a prefix or a preposition meaning 'from' or 'away from'. It indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is often used with the genitive case to show the source or origin of something, or the agent by whom something is done. It can also indicate a point in time 'from' which something occurs. When used as a prefix, it often intensifies the meaning of the verb or noun it is attached to, or indicates separation.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix or preposition).

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΑΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- (away, from).

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G0048

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ag-nis-THEE-tee

Translations: be purified, purify yourself, cleanse yourself

Notes: This word is a command to purify oneself or to be made pure. It refers to the act of making something or someone ritually or morally clean. It is often used in the context of religious or ceremonial purification, but can also refer to moral cleansing. As an imperative, it is a direct instruction or exhortation.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, 2nd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ, ΕΚΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀγνίζω (hagnizō) comes from the adjective ἁγνός (hagnos), meaning 'pure, holy, chaste'. It signifies the act of making something pure or holy.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G2727

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tay-KHEEN-tai

Translations: they have been instructed, they have been taught, they have been catechized

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to instruct orally' or 'to teach by word of mouth'. It is formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'thoroughly', and the verb ἠχέω (ēcheō), meaning 'to sound' or 'to echo'. In this form, it indicates that a group of people have been thoroughly instructed or taught, often in religious or foundational matters, implying a completed action with ongoing results.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Perfect Tense, Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: foo-LAS-sone

Translations: keeping, guarding, observing, preserving, watching, a keeper, a guard

Notes: This word describes the action of keeping, guarding, or observing something. It can refer to physically protecting something, like a city or a person, or to observing a law or command. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is performing the action of guarding or keeping.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΦΡΟΥΡΕΩ, ΠΑΡΑΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ comes from the Greek word φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: KREE-nan-tes

Translations: judging, having judged, deciding, having decided, discerning, having discerned, condemning, having condemned

Notes: ΚΡΙΝΑΝΤΕΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ. It describes an action of judging, deciding, or discerning that has already occurred. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a temporal or causal relationship to the main verb in a sentence. For example, 'having judged, they acted' or 'because they judged, they acted'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G5442

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: foo-LAS-ses-thai

Translations: to guard, to keep, to observe, to protect, to watch over, to beware, to take heed

Notes: This word means to guard, keep, or observe. It is often used in the context of keeping laws, commands, or traditions, implying careful adherence and protection from violation. It can also mean to protect someone or something, or to be on guard against something.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΗΡΕΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΠΙΜΕΛΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From φύλαξ (phylax), meaning 'a guard' or 'a watcher'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OH-meh-nee

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being held, being next to, being near, being adjacent

Notes: This word is a present middle or passive participle, meaning 'having' or 'holding' in an active sense, or 'being held' or 'being next to/adjacent' in a passive or middle sense. It describes an ongoing state or action and functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun. For example, it could describe a woman who is 'having' something or 'being held' by something.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Present, Middle or Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ- 'to hold, to have'. In Greek, it developed into ἔχω, meaning 'to have, hold, possess'.

G0048

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ahg-nees-THAYS

Translations: having been purified, having been cleansed, having been consecrated, to be purified, to be cleansed, to be consecrated

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'hagnizo', meaning 'to purify' or 'to consecrate'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subject has undergone a process of purification or consecration. It is used to describe someone or something that has been made ritually clean or holy, often in preparation for a sacred act or entry into a holy place. For example, it might describe a person who has purified themselves before entering the temple.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ, ΕΞΑΓΝΙΖΩ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G1229

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ang-GEL-lohn

Translations: proclaiming, announcing, declaring, publishing, reporting

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'proclaiming' or 'announcing'. It describes an action that is ongoing or habitual. It is often used to indicate the act of making something widely known or publicly declared, such as a message, a command, or an event. It is a compound word formed from 'διά' (dia), meaning 'through' or 'throughout', and 'ἀγγέλλω' (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Nominative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩΝ, ΑΓΓΕΛΛΩΝ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩΝ

G1606

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-PLEH-roh-sin

Translations: fulfillment, completion, accomplishment, an accomplishment

Notes: This word refers to the act of bringing something to its full completion or realization. It signifies the successful execution or accomplishment of a task, prophecy, or promise. It is often used in contexts where a divine plan or a specific period of time reaches its intended end.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΡΩΜΑ

Etymology: Derived from the verb ἐκπληρόω (ekplēroō), meaning 'to fulfill' or 'to complete', which itself comes from ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and πληρόω (plēroō, 'to fill, to complete').

G0053

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ag-nis-MOO

Translations: (of) purification, (of) cleansing, (of) consecration

Notes: This word refers to the act or process of making something clean, pure, or holy. It is often used in a religious or ceremonial context, referring to rituals or actions performed to purify a person or object, or to consecrate something for a sacred purpose. It can describe the state of being purified or the means by which purification is achieved.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΣΜΟΣ, ΑΓΝΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΓΝΙΣΜΟΣ (hagnismos) derives from the verb ἁγνίζω (hagnizō), meaning 'to purify' or 'to consecrate', which itself comes from ἁγνός (hagnos), meaning 'pure' or 'holy'.

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G4374

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ay-NEKH-thay

Translations: was brought, was offered, was presented, was approached

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be brought to,' 'to be offered,' or 'to be presented.' It can also mean 'to be approached' or 'to be treated' in certain contexts, especially when referring to how someone is dealt with. It is often used in the context of sacrifices or gifts being brought to God or people being brought before authorities.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΝΕΓΚΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G1538

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-KAS-too

Translations: of each, of every, of everyone, of each one

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective/pronoun 'each' or 'every'. It is used to refer to individual members of a group, emphasizing their distinctness. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'of each man') or as a pronoun standing alone (e.g., 'of each one').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ΕΚΑΣΤΟΣ (hekastos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the root *sek- meaning 'to cut' or 'to separate', implying 'each one separately'.

G4376

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-fo-RAH

Translations: offering, an offering, sacrifice, a sacrifice, gift, a gift

Notes: This word refers to an offering or sacrifice, typically something brought or presented to God or a deity as an act of worship or devotion. It can also refer more generally to a gift or presentation. It is often used in a religious context, particularly in the Septuagint and New Testament, to describe various types of offerings, including burnt offerings, grain offerings, or other sacrificial gifts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΥΣΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΔΩΡΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek προσφέρω (prospherō, “to bring to, offer”), from πρός (pros, “to, toward”) + φέρω (pherō, “to bear, carry”).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G4931

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-teh-LEES-thai

Translations: to be completed, to be finished, to be accomplished, to be fulfilled, to be brought to an end

Notes: This word is the present passive infinitive form of the verb 'συντελέω' (synteleo). It means 'to be completed' or 'to be finished'. It describes an action that is in the process of being brought to an end or fulfilled, from the perspective of the subject undergoing the action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'it is necessary for this to be completed'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΙΣΘΑΙ, ΠΛΗΡΟΥΣΘΑΙ

G2300

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: theh-AH-sah-meh-noy

Translations: having seen, seeing, beholding, observing, looking at

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'theaomai', meaning 'to behold' or 'to gaze upon'. It describes an action of seeing or observing that has already occurred or is ongoing, often with a sense of wonder, attention, or contemplation. It is used to describe someone who has seen something and is now in a state resulting from that observation. It is a compound word, but its parts are not easily separable into distinct meanings.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-lon

Translations: crowd, multitude, a crowd, a multitude, mob, a mob

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, a crowd, or a multitude. It can also carry the negative connotation of a mob or a disorderly throng. It is often used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus or gathered to hear his teachings. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb, such as 'to teach a crowd' or 'a crowd upon me'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of ΟΧΛΟΣ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a word meaning 'to move' or 'to stir', suggesting a moving or agitated mass of people.

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-BAH-lah

Translations: they cast upon, they laid upon, they put upon, they threw upon, they laid hands on, they began

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'epiballo'. It generally means to cast, lay, or throw something upon something else. In some contexts, particularly with 'hands', it can mean to lay hands on someone, often with the intent to seize or arrest them. It can also be used idiomatically to mean 'to begin' or 'to set about'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΒΑΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-throh-pohs

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is a common noun used to denote any individual of the human species, regardless of gender, though it is often translated as 'man' in a generic sense. It can be used to distinguish humans from God or from animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΤΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning "upward-looking" or "earth-faced."

G2089

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EH-tee

Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer

Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).

G1521

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-ay-GAH-gen

Translations: he brought in, she brought in, it brought in, he led in, she led in, it led in

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΕΙΣΑΓΩ (eisago). It describes a completed action in the past, specifically 'bringing in' or 'leading in' someone or something. It implies an action of entry or introduction into a place or situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΣΑΓΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead into' or 'to bring into'.

G2841

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-koy-NOHN-ken

Translations: has shared, has had fellowship, has participated, has been a partner

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb 'κοινωνέω' (koinoneō). It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It signifies that someone has entered into a state of sharing, fellowship, or partnership, or has participated in something, and this state or participation is still relevant.

Inflection: Singular, Third Person, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΜΜΕΤΕΧΩ

G2841

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: keh-koy-NOH-ken

Translations: has shared, has had fellowship, has participated, has been a partner

Notes: This word is the third person singular, perfect active indicative form of the verb κοινωνέω. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose effects continue into the present. It means 'he/she/it has shared,' 'he/she/it has had fellowship,' or 'he/she/it has participated' in something. It implies a state of having entered into a partnership or communion.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΣΥΝΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word κοινωνέω is derived from the Greek word κοινωνός (koinōnos), meaning 'partner' or 'sharer', which in turn comes from κοινός (koinos), meaning 'common' or 'shared'.

G4308

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pro-eh-oh-RA-koh-tes

Translations: having foreseen, having seen beforehand, having looked ahead

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having seen beforehand' or 'having foreseen'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and whose results are still relevant in the present. It is often used to indicate that someone had prior knowledge or a prior view of something.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΒΛΕΠΩ, ΠΡΟΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΡΟΟΡΑΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΠΡΟ (PRO), meaning 'before' or 'in front of', and the verb ΟΡΑΩ (ORAO), meaning 'to see'.

G5142

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: TRO-fee-mo

Translations: foster-child, a foster-child, one brought up, nourished, pupil, attendant, domestic, a domestic, nourished, fed

Notes: This word refers to someone who has been brought up or nourished by another, often in the sense of a foster-child or a pupil. It can also describe someone who is fed or nourished. In a broader sense, it can refer to a domestic servant or an attendant.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter; or Singular, Nominative, Masculine; or Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΘΡΕΜΜΑ, ΠΑΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek verb TREPHO (ΤΡΕΦΩ), meaning 'to nourish' or 'to bring up'.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NOH-mee-zon

Translations: they thought, they supposed, they considered, they believed, they practiced, they were accustomed

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'νομίζω' (nomizo). It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past, meaning 'they were thinking,' 'they used to think,' or 'they considered.' It can also imply a custom or practice, indicating what people generally believed or did.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G4935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-dro-MAY

Translations: concourse, a concourse, running together, gathering, a gathering, assembly, an assembly, crowd, a crowd

Notes: This word refers to a running together or a gathering, typically of people. It describes the act of many individuals coming together in one place, often forming a crowd or an assembly. It can imply a spontaneous or organized coming together.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΧΛΟΣ, ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΑΓΟΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΗ is a compound noun formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the noun ΔΡΟΜΗ (dromē), meaning 'a running' or 'a course'. Thus, it literally means 'a running together'.

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-lah-BO-men-oy

Translations: taking hold of, seizing, laying hold of, grasping, helping, assisting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, over) and 'ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ' (to take, receive). It generally means to take hold of something or someone, often with the implication of seizing, grasping, or apprehending. In some contexts, it can also mean to help or assist someone by taking hold of them or their situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-kon

Translations: they were dragging, they were drawing, they were pulling

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to drag', 'to draw', or 'to pull'. It is used to describe the action of moving something or someone by force, often along a surface. It can refer to physical dragging, but also to drawing someone towards a particular place or outcome. The form 'ΕΙΛΚΟΝ' specifically indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past, performed by a group of people.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΡΩ, ΕΦΕΛΚΩ

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROO

Translations: of holy, of sacred, of a temple, of the temple, of the sanctuary

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the adjective 'ΙΕΡΟΣ' (hieros), meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used with the definite article, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the temple' or 'the sanctuary'. It indicates possession or origin, answering the question 'whose?' or 'from what?'. For example, 'the beauty of the temple' or 'the things of the sanctuary'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΥ, ΝΑΟΥ, ΒΗΛΟΥ

G1627

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-LEE-sthay

Translations: was turned away, was turned aside, was deflected, was made to swerve

Notes: This word describes an action where something or someone is turned away, deflected, or caused to swerve from its original path or position. It is used to indicate a passive action, meaning the subject is acted upon rather than performing the action itself.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΣΤΡΑΦΗ, ΕΞΕΚΛΙΝΕΝ

Etymology: From G1537 (EK) and G2827 (KLINO). EK means 'out of' or 'from', and KLINO means 'to lean' or 'to incline'. Thus, it literally means 'to lean out' or 'to turn away from'.

G2112

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-THEH-ohs

Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith, as soon as

Notes: This adverb signifies an action happening without delay, instantly, or directly. It is often used to emphasize the swiftness or suddenness of an event. It can also imply a direct or straightforward manner of action. In narrative contexts, it frequently serves to advance the plot quickly.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight, direct, immediate'. The suffix -ως is a common adverbial ending in Koine Greek.

G1578

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-lis-THEH-san

Translations: they turned away, they declined, they avoided, they swerved, they turned aside

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'ekklino'. It describes an action where a group of subjects were caused to turn away, decline, or avoid something. It implies a turning aside from a path, a standard, or a person, often with a negative connotation of deviation or avoidance.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΛΙΝΩ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ

Etymology: From G1537 (EK) and G2827 (KLINO). EK means 'out of' or 'from', and KLINO means 'to lean' or 'to incline'. Thus, the word literally means 'to lean out from' or 'to turn away from'.

G2374

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THOO-rai

Translations: doors, gates, a door, a gate

Notes: This word refers to a door or a gate, serving as an entrance or exit to a building, room, or enclosed area. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple doors or a set of gates. It can also metaphorically represent an opportunity or access.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *dhwer- meaning 'door, doorway'. It is cognate with English 'door'.

G2212

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: zay-TOON-tone

Translations: (of) those seeking, (of) those searching, (of) those desiring, (of) those inquiring

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ζητέω' (zēteō), meaning 'to seek,' 'to search for,' 'to desire,' or 'to inquire.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing an action or the one performing it. In this form, it refers to 'those who are seeking' or 'those who are searching.' It is often used to describe people actively engaged in a quest or pursuit, whether for knowledge, a person, or a specific outcome.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΕΡΕΥΝΑΩ

G0615

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pok-TEE-nai

Translations: to kill, to slay, to put to death

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'apokteino', meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'. It describes the act of causing someone's death and is often used in contexts of violence or execution. The infinitive form indicates purpose or potential action, such as 'to kill' or 'for killing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΕΩ, ΦΟΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word 'apokteino' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'apo' (meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb 'kteino' (meaning 'to kill' or 'to slay'). The prefix 'apo' intensifies the action of killing, emphasizing the complete removal of life.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee

Translations: he went up, she went up, it went up, he ascended, she ascended, it ascended, he came up, she came up, it came up, he climbed, she climbed, it climbed

Notes: This word describes the action of going up, ascending, or climbing. It is a past tense form, specifically indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to describe a person or thing moving upwards, such as ascending a mountain, going up to a city, or rising from a lower place.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G5316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PHA-sis

Translations: statement, a statement, report, a report, declaration, a declaration, information, an information, phase, a phase, appearance, an appearance

Notes: This word refers to a statement, report, or declaration, often implying a formal or official communication. It can also refer to an appearance or a phase, such as a phase of the moon. It is used to convey information or to describe a particular stage or aspect of something.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΣ, ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΚΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb φημί (phēmi), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It denotes the act or result of speaking or making something known.

G5506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-lee-AR-khoh

Translations: commander of a thousand, a commander of a thousand, tribune, a tribune

Notes: This word refers to a military commander who is in charge of a thousand soldiers, similar to a colonel or a tribune in Roman military structure. It is a compound word formed from 'χίλιοι' (chilioi), meaning 'a thousand', and 'ἄρχω' (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to command'. In this form, it is the singular dative case, indicating 'to a commander of a thousand' or 'for a commander of a thousand'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΑΞΙΑΡΧΟΣ, ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: χίλιοι (chilioi), meaning 'a thousand', and ἄρχω (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to command'. It literally means 'ruler of a thousand'.

G4791

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-KHOON-neh-tai

Translations: is confused, is thrown into confusion, is disturbed, is confounded, is agitated

Notes: This word describes a state of being confused, disturbed, or thrown into disarray. It is often used to describe a crowd or a situation that becomes chaotic or agitated. For example, it could be used to say 'the city is in confusion' or 'the people are disturbed'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ, ΚΙΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΧΥΝΩ (chynō), meaning 'to pour' or 'to heap'. The combination implies a 'pouring together' or 'mixing up', leading to the sense of confusion or disorder.

G4797

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-keh-KHY-tai

Translations: it has been confused, it has been confounded, it has been mixed up, it has been thrown into disorder

Notes: This word describes a state of being confused, confounded, or mixed up. It indicates that something has been thrown into disorder or chaos, often implying a lack of clarity or understanding. It is used to describe situations where elements are jumbled together, making it difficult to distinguish them.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Indicative, Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΓΚΥΝΩ

Etymology: The word συγχέω (syncheō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb χέω (cheō), meaning 'to pour'. Thus, it literally means 'to pour together' or 'to mix together', which evolved to mean 'to confuse' or 'to confound'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-roo-sah-LEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem), which is the Greek name for Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center. It is a proper noun referring to the city itself. The apostrophe-like mark at the end (ʼ) is a keraia, which can sometimes indicate a number, but in this context, it is most likely a scribal mark or a variant of the abbreviation for the city name. It is used to refer to the city in various contexts, such as its inhabitants, its structures, or people coming from it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Genitive or Dative (indeclinable)

Etymology: The name Ἱερουσαλήμ (Hierousalem) is of Hebrew origin, derived from יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushalayim). It is a compound word, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G4757

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tee-OH-tahs

Translations: soldiers

Notes: This word refers to a soldier, a member of an army or military force. It is typically used to describe individuals who serve in a military capacity, often in a group. In a sentence, it would function as the object of a verb or preposition, indicating the recipients of an action or the subject of a description.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ, ΣΤΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word στρατιώτης (stratiōtēs) comes from στρατιά (stratia), meaning 'army' or 'military service', which itself is derived from στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'encampment'.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DOH-tes

Translations: knowing, having seen, perceiving, understanding

Notes: This word is the masculine or feminine plural nominative or accusative form of the perfect active participle of the verb 'οἶδα' (oida). It means 'knowing' or 'having seen', often implying a state of knowledge or understanding derived from prior observation or experience. It describes individuals who possess knowledge or have perceived something, and can function adjectivally or substantively in a sentence.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Plural, Masculine or Feminine, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΙΔΟΤΕΣ, ΣΥΝΙΔΟΝΤΕΣ

Etymology: The verb 'οἶδα' (oida) is an ancient Greek perfect tense verb with a present meaning, derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid- meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to the Latin 'videre' (to see) and English 'wit' (knowledge).

G5506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-lee-AR-kho

Translations: of a chiliarch, of a commander, of a military tribune, to a chiliarch, to a commander, to a military tribune, chiliarchs, commanders, military tribunes

Notes: This word refers to a military commander of a thousand soldiers, often translated as 'military tribune' or 'captain'. In ancient Greek military organization, a chiliarch was a high-ranking officer. The form 'ΧΙΛΙΑΡΧΟ' can be either the genitive or dative singular, or the nominative, accusative, or vocative plural, depending on the context and original diacritics. It is a compound word formed from 'χίλιοι' (chilioi, meaning 'a thousand') and 'ἄρχω' (archo, meaning 'to rule' or 'to lead').

Inflection: Singular (Genitive or Dative) or Plural (Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative), Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ

Etymology: The word ΧΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: ΧΙΛΙΟΙ (chilioi), meaning 'a thousand', and ΑΡΧΩ (archo), meaning 'to rule' or 'to lead'. Thus, it literally means 'ruler of a thousand'.

G3973, G373

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-OW-san-toh

Translations: they ceased, they stopped, they rested, they were refreshed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, derived from the root verb παύω (PAUO), meaning 'to stop' or 'to cease', and often combined with the prefix ἀνα- (ANA-) to form ἀναπαύω (ANAPAUO), meaning 'to rest' or 'to refresh'. The form ΕΠΑΥΣΑΝΤΟ indicates an action that occurred in the past and was completed. It describes a group of people (they) who either stopped an activity or found rest/refreshment. The context determines whether it means simply 'they stopped' or 'they rested'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ

G5180

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: TOOP-ton-tes

Translations: striking, beating, smiting, hitting, those who strike, those who beat, those who smite, those who hit

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'τύπτω', meaning 'to strike' or 'to beat'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In this form, it refers to 'those who are striking' or 'while striking'. It can be used to describe the action of a group of people.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ, ΚΟΠΤΩ

G5506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-lee-AR-khos

Translations: commander of a thousand, a commander of a thousand, military tribune, a military tribune, captain, a captain, colonel, a colonel

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'χίλιοι' (thousand) and 'ἄρχος' (ruler, chief). It refers to a military officer in charge of a thousand soldiers, often translated as a military tribune or a commander of a thousand. It is used to denote a high-ranking military official.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΟΣ, ΛΟΧΑΓΟΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'χίλιοι' (chilioi), meaning 'thousand', and 'ἄρχος' (archos), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief'. It describes someone who rules over a thousand.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-keh-LEH-oo-seh

Translations: he commanded, he ordered, he urged, he bade

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō). It means 'he commanded' or 'he ordered'. It describes a past action of giving a command or instruction. It is often used when someone in authority gives an order.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word κελεύω (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to κέλλω (kello, 'to drive, to urge').

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-poy-EE-koss

Translations: having made, having done, one who has made, one who has done

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating an action that has been completed in the past and whose results continue into the present. It describes someone or something that has already performed the action of making or doing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, meaning 'the one who has made/done'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: AL-loy

Translations: others, some others, different ones, other things

Notes: This word refers to 'other' people or things, or 'different' ones. It is often used to distinguish one group from another, meaning 'some... others'. For example, 'some went this way, others went that way'. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine; Plural, Nominative, Feminine; Plural, Nominative, Neuter; Plural, Vocative, Masculine; Plural, Vocative, Feminine; Plural, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΙ, ΛΟΙΠΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΑΛΛΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other' or 'another'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G0243

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: AL-lo

Translations: other, another, different, a different one, a different thing

Notes: This word refers to something that is distinct or different from what has already been mentioned or implied. It is used to introduce an additional item or person of the same kind, or to indicate a complete difference. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun or as a pronoun standing in for a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'other, another'. It is related to Latin alius and English else.

G2021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-eh-foh-NOO-n

Translations: they were shouting, they were crying out, they were calling out, they were exclaiming

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, to, at') and the verb ΦΩΝΕΩ (phōneō, 'to sound, to speak, to call'). It means to shout, cry out, or exclaim, often in a public or collective manner. It describes the act of making a loud vocal sound, typically in response to something or to draw attention.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΒΟΑΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dy-NAH-meh-noo

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being mighty, of one being able, of one being powerful, of one being mighty

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession or origin, so it can refer to 'of one who is able' or 'of that which is powerful'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G1097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: gno-NAI

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to learn, to recognize

Notes: This is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'γινώσκω' (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. It expresses the action of knowing or coming to know in a general sense, without specifying the time of the action. It is often used as the object of another verb or as a complement to an adjective, indicating purpose or result, such as 'to be able to know' or 'for the purpose of knowing'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ

G804

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: as-fah-LES

Translations: safe, secure, certain, sure, steadfast, firm, reliable, trustworthy, a safe thing, a certain thing

Notes: This word describes something that is safe, secure, or certain. It implies stability, reliability, and freedom from danger or doubt. It can be used to describe a person, a place, or a fact, indicating that it is firm and dependable. For example, one might speak of a 'safe harbor' or 'certain knowledge'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ, ΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'σφάλλω' (sphallō), meaning 'to cause to fall' or 'to stumble'. Thus, it literally means 'not falling' or 'unfailing'.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-GES-thai

Translations: to lead, to bring, to carry, to take, to marry, to consider, to observe

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'ago'. It signifies the action of being led, brought, or carried, or of leading/bringing for oneself (middle voice). In various contexts, it can mean 'to marry' (specifically for a man to take a wife), 'to consider', or 'to observe'. It describes an ongoing or general action rather than a specific past or future event.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'ago' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating movement or action.

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-bath-MOOS

Translations: steps, stairs, ascent, degrees

Notes: This word refers to steps, stairs, or a means of ascent. It can also denote a degree or a stage in a progression. It is typically used to describe physical structures that allow movement upwards, or metaphorically, a level or stage in a sequence.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: KLIMAX, ANABASIS

Etymology: The word ἀναβαθμός (anabathmos) is a compound word derived from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and βαθμός (bathmos), meaning 'step' or 'footing'. The latter comes from the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G4845

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-BEH

Translations: it happened, it came to pass, it occurred, it befell

Notes: This is an impersonal verb form meaning 'it happened' or 'it occurred'. It describes an event or circumstance that took place, often used to introduce a consequence or a development in a narrative. It is typically used in the third person singular.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word συμβαίνω (symbainō) is a compound word formed from the preposition σύν (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. Thus, it literally means 'to go together' or 'to come together', which evolved into the meaning 'to happen' or 'to occur'.

G0941

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: bas-TAH-zes-thai

Translations: to be carried, to be borne, to be lifted, to be taken up

Notes: This is a verb in the present passive infinitive form. It means "to be carried" or "to be borne" and describes the action of something or someone being moved or supported by another. It can also imply being lifted or taken up. As an infinitive, it often functions as a complement to another verb or as the subject of a sentence.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ (bastazō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the idea of lifting or carrying a burden.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G190

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ko-LOO-thee

Translations: followed, was following

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ' (AKOLOUTHEO), meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. For example, it would be used to say 'he/she/it was following' or 'he/she/it followed' in a continuous sense.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΩΚΩ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ' (AKOLOUTHEO) is derived from the Greek prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together with' or 'like', and 'κέλευθος' (keleuthos), meaning 'a way' or 'a path'. Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path' or 'to go along with'.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lohn

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent, impending, or destined to occur. It often functions like a future tense auxiliary verb in English, showing that the subject is on the verge of doing something or that something is about to happen.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying delay or hesitation, evolving to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ES-tin

Translations: it is lawful, it is permitted, it is possible, it is proper, it is right

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It is often used to express what is morally or legally permissible. It can be followed by an infinitive or a dative case to indicate for whom something is lawful or permitted.

Inflection: Impersonal, Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΝ, ΕΝΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and the verb ἔστι (esti, 'it is'), literally meaning 'it is out of' or 'it is possible from'.

G1677

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: hel-lay-nis-TEE

Translations: in Greek, in the Greek language, Greek-speaking

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'in the Greek language' or 'in the Greek manner'. It describes how something is done or spoken, indicating that it is done using the Greek language or according to Greek customs. For example, one might speak 'in Greek' or write 'in Greek'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΩΣ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek root 'ΕΛΛΗΝ' (Hellen), referring to a Greek person or anything Greek. The suffix '-ιστι' is an adverbial ending indicating 'in the manner of' or 'in the language of'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G0686

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: A-RA

Translations: then, therefore, consequently, so, perhaps, indeed, really, surely

Notes: This word is a particle used to introduce a question, an inference, or to emphasize a statement. It can indicate a logical consequence, meaning 'therefore' or 'so'. It can also be used in questions to imply an expectation or to express surprise, sometimes translated as 'then' or 'surely'. Its precise meaning often depends on the context and the type of sentence it appears in.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΔΗ

Etymology: This particle is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It is a primary particle in Koine Greek.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G386

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-sta-TOH-sas

Translations: having stirred up, having troubled, having upset, having thrown into confusion, having subverted

Notes: This word describes the action of someone who has caused a disturbance, stirred up trouble, or thrown something into confusion. It implies a disruptive or unsettling influence, often leading to disorder or subversion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: TARASSO, SYGCHYNO, KINEOS

Etymology: The word 'ANASTATOO' is derived from the Greek preposition 'ANA' (up, again) and 'HISTEMI' (to stand, to cause to stand). It literally means 'to cause to stand up again' or 'to displace', leading to the sense of stirring up or unsettling.

G1806

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eks-ah-GAH-gohn

Translations: leading out, bringing out, taking out, drawing out

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb ἐξάγω (exagō), meaning 'to lead out' or 'to bring out'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes an action of guiding or moving something or someone from an inside location to an outside one, or from one state to another. It is often used to describe the act of delivering or rescuing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΩ

G2048

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: EH-ree-mon

Translations: desert, wilderness, a desert, a wilderness, desolate, deserted, empty, solitary

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'desolate,' 'deserted,' or 'empty.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'desert' or 'wilderness,' often a sparsely populated or uninhabited region. It is frequently used in the New Testament to describe the wilderness where John the Baptist preached or where Jesus spent time.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΙΑ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word originates from a pre-Greek word, possibly related to 'empty' or 'solitary.' It describes a place or state of isolation and lack of habitation.

G4607

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: see-kah-REE-ohn

Translations: Sicarii, assassin, dagger-man

Notes: This word refers to the Sicarii, a group of Jewish zealots in the 1st century AD who were known for carrying a sica (a small dagger) hidden under their cloaks. They used these daggers to assassinate Romans and their Jewish sympathizers in crowds, particularly during festivals, to incite rebellion against Roman rule. The term is derived from the Latin word 'sica' meaning 'dagger'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΖΗΛΩΤΑΙ, ΛΗΣΤΑΙ

Etymology: The word "Σικαρίων" is derived from the Latin word 'sicarius', meaning 'dagger-man' or 'assassin', which itself comes from 'sica', meaning 'dagger'. It was adopted into Koine Greek to describe this specific group.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-yos

Translations: Jewish, Jew, a Jew

Notes: This word refers to someone who is from Judea, a descendant of Judah, or a follower of the Jewish religion. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as 'Jewish' or as a noun to refer to 'a Jew' or 'Jews'. In ancient contexts, it often distinguished people from Judea or those adhering to the Mosaic Law from Gentiles.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΗΣ

Etymology: From ΙΟΥΔΑ (IOUDA), referring to Judah, the fourth son of Jacob, whose descendants formed one of the twelve tribes of Israel, and later the kingdom of Judah. The suffix -ΑΙΟΣ indicates origin or belonging.

G0796

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-SEE-moo

Translations: of no reputation, of no account, of no standing, of no importance, insignificant, unknown, base, vile, unhonored, unrenowned, unrecorded, unwritten

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being without reputation, importance, or value. It can refer to a person of low social standing or an object that is not noteworthy. It is often used to denote something that is common, ordinary, or even contemptible.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΔΟΞΟΣ, ΑΤΙΜΟΣ, ΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

G4177

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: po-LEE-tays

Translations: citizen, a citizen, fellow citizen

Notes: This word refers to a citizen, someone who belongs to a city or state and has the rights and responsibilities associated with that membership. It can also refer to a fellow citizen, emphasizing a shared civic identity. It is typically used to describe an inhabitant of a city or a member of a political community.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From πόλις (polis), meaning 'city' or 'state', referring to an inhabitant or member of a city.

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEH-oh-my

Translations: I beg, I pray, I ask, I entreat, I implore, I need, I want

Notes: This verb means to beg, pray, ask, or entreat. It often implies a sense of need or desire for something. It can be used to express a request to someone or for something, often followed by an infinitive or a genitive case indicating what is needed or requested.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From an uncontracted form of the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack'. The middle voice often conveys the sense of 'to be in need of' or 'to ask for oneself'.

G2010

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREP-san-tos

Translations: of having permitted, of having allowed, of having given leave, of having entrusted

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'epitrepō', meaning 'to permit' or 'to allow'. As a genitive masculine/neuter singular participle, it describes someone or something that has performed the action of permitting or allowing, often indicating the source or cause of the permission. It functions adjectivally or substantively, modifying a noun or standing in place of one, and is used to express a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ess-TOHS

Translations: standing, having stood, being set, appointed, a standing one

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is in a state of standing, or has taken a stand. It can also function adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed, such as 'while standing' or 'having stood'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand'. It is a common verb in ancient Greek, used to describe various states of being upright or causing something to be upright.

G0321

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-ba-THMOH

Translations: (to) a step, (to) a stair, (to) a degree, (to) a flight of stairs, (to) a song of ascents

Notes: This word is a noun referring to a step, stair, or a flight of stairs. It can also refer to a degree or a stage of progress. In a specific religious context, it is used in the phrase 'songs of ascents' (ᾠδὴ τῶν ἀναβαθμῶν), referring to a collection of psalms sung by pilgrims ascending to Jerusalem or by Levites ascending the temple steps.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΑΘΜΟΣ, ΚΛΙΜΑΞ

Etymology: The word ἀναβαθμός (anabathmos) is a compound word formed from ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards', and βαθμός (bathmos), meaning 'step' or 'footing'. It literally means 'a going up' or 'that by which one goes up'.

G2687

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-SEE-seh

Translations: he quieted, he silenced, he calmed, he hushed

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κατασιγάω' (katasigao), meaning 'to quiet,' 'to silence,' or 'to calm.' It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that someone or something was brought to a state of quietness or stillness. It is often used to describe the calming of a storm or the silencing of a crowd.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΣΙΓΑΩ, ΗΣΥΧΑΖΩ

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G4377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-eh-foh-NEE-sen

Translations: called to, addressed, spoke to

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ΦΩΝΕΩ (phoneo), meaning 'to call' or 'to speak'. Together, it means to call someone to oneself, to address them, or to speak to them directly. It is used to describe the action of initiating a conversation or making a statement to a specific person or group.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΕΝ

G1258