2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G1191

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: DER-beh

Translations: Derbe

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the proper noun 'Derbe' (ΔΕΡΒΗΝ). Derbe was an ancient city in the Roman province of Galatia, located in modern-day Turkey. It is mentioned in the New Testament as a place visited by Paul and Barnabas during their missionary journeys. The abbreviation indicates that the final 'N' (nu) was omitted and represented by an overline on the preceding vowel.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Derbe' is of uncertain origin, possibly from a Phrygian word meaning 'juniper' or 'pine'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G3101

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-thay-TAYS

Translations: disciple, student, learner, a disciple, a student, a learner

Notes: This word refers to a learner, pupil, or student, especially one who follows the teachings and example of a master. In the New Testament, it is most commonly used to describe followers of Jesus Christ. It implies a close relationship of learning and adherence to the teacher's way of life.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΘΗΤΕΥΤΗΣ, ΕΚΜΑΘΗΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the verb μανθάνω (manthanō), meaning 'to learn' or 'to understand'. It describes one who is engaged in the act of learning or being taught.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIS-tays

Translations: of a faithful one, of a believer, of a trustworthy person, to faithful ones, to believers, to trustworthy people

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the adjective 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' (PISTOS), meaning 'faithful,' 'trustworthy,' or 'believing.' As 'ΠΙΣΤΗΣ,' it can function as a genitive singular, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of a faithful person'), or as a dative plural, indicating the indirect object (e.g., 'to faithful people'). It describes someone or something that is reliable, true, or has faith.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter; or Plural, Dative, All genders

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ, ΕΥΘΥΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' comes from the verb 'ΠΕΙΘΩ' (PEITHO), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to trust.' It is related to the concept of trust and belief.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-THEL-ee-sen

Translations: he wished, he desired, he wanted, he intended, he purposed, he was willing

Notes: This word is a verb indicating a past action of wishing, desiring, wanting, or intending. It describes someone's will or purpose. It can be used to express a strong inclination or a deliberate decision made by a subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word θέλω (thelo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an Indo-European root meaning 'to wish' or 'to will'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thin

Translations: to go out, to come out, to exit, to depart

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'exerchomai', meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It describes the action of moving from an inside location to an outside one, or departing from a place. It can be used in various contexts to indicate physical movement, or sometimes a figurative 'coming forth'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Aorist, Active

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek 'ex' (out of) and 'erchomai' (to come, to go).

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G4061

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: peh-ree-EH-teh-men

Translations: he circumcised, he cut around

Notes: This word means 'to circumcise' or 'to cut around'. It is often used in the context of the Jewish ritual of circumcision. It can also be used more generally to mean 'to cut off' or 'to remove something from around'. In a figurative sense, it can refer to the 'circumcision of the heart', meaning a spiritual purification.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΕΜΝΩ, ΕΚΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around', and the verb τέμνω (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, or a follower of Judaism. In its accusative plural form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions, indicating 'Jews' as the recipients of an action or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ' is derived from 'ΙΟΥΔΑ' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It signifies someone belonging to or originating from Judah.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ON-tas

Translations: being, existing, a being, an existing one

Notes: This word is the masculine or neuter accusative plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It describes something or someone that is 'being' or 'existing' at the present moment, often functioning as a substantive meaning 'those who are' or 'things that are'. It can also be used to describe the state or condition of a group of people or things.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑΣ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ

Etymology: The verb εἰμί (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G0537

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-PAN-tes

Translations: all, everyone, the whole, every

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'all' or 'everyone'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to emphasize the totality or completeness of a group or thing, often translated as 'all without exception' or 'the whole of'. It can be used to describe people or things.

Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΕΣ, ΟΛΟΙ

Etymology: The word ἅπας (hapas) is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the adjective πᾶς (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. The combination emphasizes the sense of 'all' or 'the whole' in a comprehensive manner.

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G1672

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HEL-lane

Translations: Greek, a Greek, Gentile, a Gentile

Notes: This word refers to a Greek person, someone of Greek origin or culture. In a broader sense, especially in the New Testament, it can refer to a Gentile, meaning anyone who is not a Jew. It is used to distinguish between Jewish people and non-Jewish people, often implying a cultural or religious difference rather than just an ethnic one.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΙΚΟΣ, ΕΘΝΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the name of the mythical ancestor Hellen. It refers to the inhabitants of Hellas (Greece).

G5225

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-PEER-khen

Translations: was, existed, there was, there existed, had, possessed

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'to be' or 'to exist', often implying a state of being or possession that continued over a period in the past. It can mean 'was', 'existed', or 'there was/existed'. It can also mean 'to have' or 'to possess', indicating what someone had or what was available to them. It describes a continuous or repeated action or state in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΗΝ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G1330, G4198

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-por-YOO-on-toh

Translations: they were traveling through, they were passing through, they were going through

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ (POREUOMAI), meaning 'to go' or 'to travel'. Therefore, ΔΙΕΠΟΡΕΥΟΝΤΟ means 'they were going through' or 'they were traveling through'. It describes a continuous action of moving through a place or region.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ, ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ

G3860

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-DIH-doh-san

Translations: they were handing over, they were delivering, they were entrusting, they were betraying

Notes: This word is the 3rd person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb παραδίδωμι (paradidomi). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The verb παραδίδωμι is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb δίδωμι (didomi), meaning 'to give'. Therefore, it literally means 'to give alongside' or 'to hand over'. It is used to describe the act of handing something over, delivering, entrusting, or even betraying someone or something into the hands of another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2919

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: keh-KREE-meh-nah

Translations: decided, judged, determined, decreed, things decided, things judged, decrees

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been judged or decided. It refers to things that have been definitively settled or determined, often by an authority or through a process of judgment.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΟΜΕΝΑ, ΔΟΓΜΑΤΑ, ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΡΙΜΕΝΑ

Etymology: The verb 'κρίνω' (krino) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to separate, to cut, to distinguish'. It developed in Greek to mean 'to distinguish, to judge, to decide'.

G0652

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-pos-TOH-lohn

Translations: of apostles, apostles'

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'apostolos', meaning 'apostle' or 'messenger'. It refers to a group of individuals who are sent out with a specific message or mission, particularly the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. In its genitive plural form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of apostles' or 'apostles''. For example, 'the teaching of the apostles' or 'the churches of the apostles'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΩΝ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΩΝ

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G4732

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: es-teh-reh-OON-toh

Translations: they were strengthened, they were made firm, they were made solid, they were established

Notes: This word describes a process of becoming firm, solid, or strong. It is used to indicate that a group of people or things were in the process of being strengthened, made stable, or established. It implies a continuous or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect Indicative, Passive or Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΔΥΝΑΜΟΥΝΤΟ, ΕΒΕΒΑΙΟΥΝΤΟ

Etymology: The verb ΣΤΕΡΕΟΩ (stereoo) comes from the adjective ΣΤΕΡΕΟΣ (stereos), meaning 'firm' or 'solid'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tee

Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief, a trust

Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can also denote faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe belief in God or Christ, but also in secular contexts to describe trust or loyalty between people. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the root ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded'. It conveys the idea of being convinced or having confidence in something or someone.

G4052

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-ri-SEH-oo-on

Translations: they were abounding, they were overflowing, they were excelling, they had more than enough, they were left over, it was abounding, it was overflowing, it was excelling, it had more than enough, it was left over

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'perisseuo'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to abound, to overflow, to be in abundance, to have more than enough, or to excel. It can also mean to be left over or to remain. In this form, it can refer to a third person plural subject (they were abounding) or a third person singular subject (it was abounding), depending on the context.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural or Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΠΕΡΙΣΣΕΥΩ, ΠΛΕΟΝΑΖΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G2967

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: koh-loo-THEN-tes

Translations: hindered, prevented, forbidden, restrained, having been hindered, having been prevented

Notes: This word describes someone or something that has been hindered, prevented, or forbidden from doing something. It is a passive participle, indicating that the subject is receiving the action of being hindered. It can be used to describe a state or an action that has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G0978

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bee-thoo-NEE-an

Translations: Bithynia, to Bithynia, into Bithynia

Notes: Bithynia was an ancient region and Roman province located in northwestern Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey), bordering the Black Sea. It is a proper noun referring to this geographical area. In a sentence, it would be used to indicate the place itself or the destination of movement, as suggested by its accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Bithynia' is of ancient origin, likely derived from the Bithyni, a Thracian tribe who migrated to the region. It was historically a kingdom before becoming a Roman province.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G3928

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: par-el-THON-tes

Translations: having passed by, having gone past, having gone away, having come to an end

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παρέρχομαι', meaning 'to pass by', 'to go past', or 'to come to an end'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, often functioning adverbially to indicate the manner or time of another action, or adjectivally to describe a noun. It implies movement beyond a point or the completion of a period.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΔΙΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G3705

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-RAH-mah

Translations: vision, a vision, sight, a sight, appearance, an appearance

Notes: This word refers to something seen, especially a supernatural appearance or a divine revelation, often in a dream or trance. It can also refer to a physical sight or appearance. It is used to describe what one perceives with their eyes, whether literally or figuratively, as in a prophetic vision.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΟΠΤΑΣΙΑ, ΕΝΥΠΝΙΟΝ

Etymology: From the verb ὁράω (horaō), meaning 'to see'. It refers to the result or object of seeing.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OHF-thay

Translations: was seen, appeared, was made visible

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. Therefore, 'ὤφθη' translates to 'he/she/it was seen' or 'he/she/it appeared'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being seen or becoming visible.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The root 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and appearance.

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ess-TOHS

Translations: standing, having stood, being set, appointed, a standing one

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is in a state of standing, or has taken a stand. It can also function adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed, such as 'while standing' or 'having stood'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand'. It is a common verb in ancient Greek, used to describe various states of being upright or causing something to be upright.

G3870

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pah-rah-kah-LOHN

Translations: comforting, exhorting, encouraging, appealing, entreating, inviting, consoling, a comforter, an exhorter, one who comforts, one who exhorts

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who is comforting' or 'one who is exhorting'. It describes an ongoing action of providing comfort, encouragement, or an appeal. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a substantive (a noun) referring to the person performing the action, such as 'the comforter' or 'the one who exhorts'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΗΓΟΡΩΝ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΟΥΜΕΝΟΣ

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1224

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: dee-AH-bas

Translations: a crossing, a passage, one who crosses, crossing over, passable

Notes: This word refers to the act of crossing over or passing through something, or a place where one crosses, such as a ford or a pass. It can also describe someone or something that is crossing or capable of being crossed. It is often used in contexts involving movement from one side to another, like crossing a river or a sea.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (as a noun/participle); Masculine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Feminine, Accusative, Plural (as a participle); Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural (as a participle)

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΣΙΣ, ΠΕΡΑΣΜΑ, ΠΟΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΒΑΣ is derived from the verb διαβαίνω (diabainō), meaning 'to step across, to pass through'. It is formed from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the root βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-do-NEE-ahn

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: This word refers to Macedonia, a historical and geographical region in the Balkan Peninsula. In ancient times, it was a powerful kingdom that rose to prominence under Philip II and his son Alexander the Great. It is often mentioned in historical and biblical texts, particularly in the New Testament, as a region where early Christian communities were established.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, derived from the Greek word 'μακεδνός' (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the stature of its inhabitants or the mountainous nature of the region.

G2112

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-THEH-ohs

Translations: immediately, at once, straightway, forthwith, as soon as

Notes: This adverb signifies an action happening without delay, instantly, or directly. It is often used to emphasize the swiftness or suddenness of an event. It can also imply a direct or straightforward manner of action. In narrative contexts, it frequently serves to advance the plot quickly.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΧΡΗΜΑ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective εὐθύς (euthys), meaning 'straight, direct, immediate'. The suffix -ως is a common adverbial ending in Koine Greek.

G1823

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ai-TEH-sah-men

Translations: we begged, we asked, we demanded

Notes: This is the first person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ἐξαιτέω (exaitéō). It means 'to ask out, demand, or beg off'. It implies a strong or urgent request, often with the sense of demanding someone for a specific purpose, sometimes with a negative connotation of demanding someone for destruction or harm. It can also mean to beg for someone's life or release.

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: From ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and αἰτέω (aitéō, 'to ask'). The prefix ἐκ intensifies the action of asking, giving it the sense of demanding or asking for something to be given up or delivered.

G3110

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: mah-keh-doh-NEE-ahn

Translations: Macedonia

Notes: This is the name of a region in ancient Greece, located north of Thessaly. It is often referred to in the New Testament as a place visited by apostles or where churches were established. In this form, it indicates the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition indicating motion towards or through.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Macedonia' is of ancient Greek origin, likely derived from the word 'μακεδνός' (makednós), meaning 'tall' or 'highlander', possibly referring to the inhabitants or the mountainous nature of the region.

G4822

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soom-bee-BAH-zon-tes

Translations: concluding, inferring, proving, joining together, knitting together, bringing together, instructing, teaching

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'concluding' or 'inferring'. It can also mean 'to join together' or 'to knit together', implying a process of bringing things or people into unity or agreement. In a broader sense, it can mean 'to instruct' or 'to teach', by bringing facts or ideas together to form a conclusion or understanding. It is often used to describe the act of drawing a conclusion from evidence or reasoning.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΩ

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-ke-KLE-tai

Translations: has been called, has been invited, has been summoned

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards,' and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to invite.' In its perfect passive form, it indicates an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, with the subject being the recipient of the action. Therefore, 'ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ' means 'he/she/it has been called to oneself,' 'has been invited,' or 'has been summoned.' It implies a formal or deliberate calling or invitation.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Perfect Tense, Passive Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ, ΕΠΙΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ, ΣΥΓΚΕΚΛΗΤΑΙ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G4543

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-moh-THRAH-kane

Translations: Samothrace

Notes: This word refers to Samothrace, a mountainous island in the northern Aegean Sea. In Koine Greek, it is often used to indicate movement towards or arrival at the island, functioning as the direct object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Samothrace' is a compound word, combining 'Samos' (another Greek island name, possibly meaning 'height' or 'high place' in an older language) and 'Thrace' (referring to the region of Thrace, indicating its location near the Thracian coast).

G1967

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ep-ee-OO-see

Translations: daily, for the coming day, necessary for existence, for subsistence, for tomorrow

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as 'daily' or 'for the coming day'. It is famously used in the Lord's Prayer to refer to 'daily bread,' implying bread that is sufficient for the day's needs or for the coming day. It can also convey the sense of being necessary for existence or subsistence.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΡΙΝΟΣ, ΑΥΡΙΑΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'for', and 'οὐσία' (ousia), meaning 'being' or 'substance'. It can also be related to 'ἐπιέναι' (epienai), meaning 'to come upon' or 'to come next'. The precise etymology and meaning have been debated since ancient times, with interpretations ranging from 'for existence' to 'for the coming day'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G2532, G1564

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: kah-kay-THEH

Translations: and thence, and from there, and from that place

Notes: This is a compound adverb formed from ΚΑΙ (kai, meaning 'and') and ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ (ekeithen, meaning 'thence' or 'from that place'). It indicates movement or origin from a previously mentioned location, often used to transition to the next step in a narrative or sequence of events. The final -ν (nu) of ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ is often dropped in Koine Greek, especially before certain consonants or at the end of a phrase, which is why it appears as ΚΑΚΕΙΘΕ.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΕΙΘΕΝ

G3748

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: HEE-tis

Translations: who, which, whoever, whichever, whatever

Notes: ΗΤΙΣ is a relative pronoun, used to introduce a clause that describes a preceding noun. It is a compound word formed from the definite article and the indefinite pronoun. It functions similarly to 'who' or 'which' in English, often providing additional information about a person or thing. It is used in a descriptive sense, often emphasizing the quality or characteristic of the antecedent.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the feminine definite article 'ἡ' (he) and the indefinite pronoun 'τις' (tis). It developed in Koine Greek to provide a more emphatic or descriptive relative pronoun than the simple 'ὅς' (hos).

G3310

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-REE-doss

Translations: of a portion, of a share, of a part, of an inheritance, a portion, a share, a part, an inheritance

Notes: This word refers to a portion, share, or part of something, often implying a division or an allocation. It can also refer to an inheritance or lot. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, similar to how 'of' is used in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΜΕΡΟΣ, ΜΟΙΡΑ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΡΙΣ (meris) comes from the verb μερίζω (merizō), meaning 'to divide' or 'to distribute'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G2894

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-loh-NEE-ah

Translations: colony, a colony

Notes: This word refers to a colony, specifically a Roman colony. In the context of the Roman Empire, a colony was a settlement of Roman citizens established in conquered territory, often for military or strategic purposes. These colonies typically enjoyed certain privileges and were governed by Roman law, serving as outposts of Roman culture and administration.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΙΚΙΑ, ΚΑΤΟΙΚΙΑ

Etymology: From Latin 'colonia', meaning 'settlement, farm, landed estate', which itself comes from 'colonus' (farmer, settler), related to 'colere' (to cultivate, inhabit).

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOW-tay

Translations: of this, to this, by this, with this, this

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something specific that is near the speaker or has just been mentioned. As a feminine singular form, it can function as either a genitive case, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of this woman'), or a dative case, indicating indirect object or means (e.g., 'to this woman' or 'by means of this'). Its precise meaning depends on the context and the preposition it might be used with.

Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Genitive or Dative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΗ, ΕΚΕΙΝΗ

Etymology: The word 'οὗτος' (houtos), from which 'ταύτῃ' is derived, is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek. It is believed to have originated from a combination of the definite article and a pronominal stem, indicating proximity or reference to something previously mentioned.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-tho-meh

Translations: we went out, we came out, we departed, we left

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. It describes the action of moving from an inside place to an outside place, or departing from a location. It is often used to indicate a physical departure or emergence.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἔρχομαι (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-NO-mid-zen

Translations: he thought, he used to think, he supposed, he considered, he believed, he was accustomed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to think', 'to suppose', 'to consider', or 'to believe'. It is often used to express an opinion or a customary action. In the provided examples, it conveys the idea of someone 'thinking' or 'supposing' something. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΕΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4335

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pros-yoo-KHEE

Translations: prayer, a prayer, supplication, worship

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ. It refers to the act of prayer or a specific prayer. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe communication with God, often involving supplication or worship.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΗΣΙΣ, ΕΝΤΕΥΞΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb προσεύχομαι (proseuchomai), meaning 'to pray', which is formed from πρός (pros), 'to, toward', and εὔχομαι (euchomai), 'to pray, wish'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G2523

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kah-thee-SAN-tes

Translations: having sat down, sitting down, when they sat down, after they sat down

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sit' or 'to cause to sit'. It describes an action of sitting that has already occurred or is ongoing, often implying a state resulting from that action. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'having sat down' or 'while sitting'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΔΡΑΣΑΝΤΕΣ

G4905

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: soon-el-THOO-sais

Translations: (to) having come together, (to) having assembled, (to) having gathered

Notes: This word is a dative plural feminine aorist active participle of the verb 'συνέρχομαι' (synerchomai), meaning 'to come together' or 'to assemble'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing the action of a noun. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past by a group of females, and the dative case suggests it is the indirect object of a verb or follows a preposition that takes the dative. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΓΩ, ΣΥΝΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ

G4218

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: por-fy-ro-POH-lis

Translations: seller of purple, a seller of purple, purple-seller, a purple-seller

Notes: This is a compound noun referring to a person who sells purple dye or purple cloth. In ancient times, purple dye was very expensive and associated with royalty and wealth, so a seller of purple would have been a merchant dealing in luxury goods.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: This word is a compound of two Greek words: ΠΟΡΦΥΡΑ (PORPHYRA), meaning 'purple dye' or 'purple cloth', and ΠΩΛΕΩ (POLEO), meaning 'to sell'.

G2363

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: thoo-ah-TEH-ee-ron

Translations: of Thyatira

Notes: Thyatira was an ancient city located in the Roman province of Asia, now modern-day Turkey. It was known for its dyeing industry, particularly purple dye, and was one of the seven churches addressed in the Book of Revelation. The word is used here in the genitive case to indicate possession or origin, meaning 'of Thyatira'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Thyatira' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or Lydian. It is believed to have been founded by Seleucus I Nicator.

G0191

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-koo-en

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he was hearing, she was hearing, it was hearing

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect indicative active form of the verb 'ακουω' (akouo), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. It describes an action of hearing that was ongoing or repeated in the past. It can be used to indicate that someone was listening to something or someone, or that a sound was being perceived by them.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G0455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-EE-nyoo-xen

Translations: opened, he opened, she opened, it opened

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'anoigo', meaning 'to open'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, such as opening a door, a mouth, or even someone's understanding or heart. It implies a definitive act of making something accessible or clear.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΩΞΕΝ, ΑΝΟΙΞΕΝ

Etymology: The word ἀνοίγω (anoigō) is formed from the prefix ἀνα- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'again', and οἴγνυμι (oignymi), an older verb meaning 'to open'. The prefix intensifies or specifies the direction of the opening.

G4337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-EKH-ayn

Translations: to pay attention, to give heed, to attend to, to beware, to apply oneself, to hold to

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb προσέχω. It means to direct one's mind or attention towards something, often implying caution, diligence, or adherence. It can be used to mean 'to pay attention to', 'to be careful', 'to beware of', 'to apply oneself to', or 'to hold to' a teaching or person. It often takes a dative object or a prepositional phrase.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word προσέχω is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Thus, it literally means 'to hold towards' or 'to have towards', which developed into the sense of directing one's attention or mind towards something.

G2980

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-loo-MEH-noys

Translations: spoken, being spoken, things spoken, words spoken, things being said, things being spoken of

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is being spoken or talked about. In the given form, it refers to 'those things being spoken' or 'the things being said'. It is often used in contexts where actions or words are being communicated or discussed.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΡΗΘΕΙΣΙΝ

G0907

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-bap-TIS-thay

Translations: he was baptized, she was baptized, it was baptized

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'baptizō'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, where the subject underwent the process of being baptized. In Koine Greek, 'baptizō' primarily means to immerse, submerge, or dip, and in a religious context, it refers to the act of baptism.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Singular

Etymology: The word 'baptizō' comes from the Greek word 'bapto', meaning to dip or immerse. It evolved to specifically refer to the ritual of baptism in the New Testament.

G3624

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OY-kos

Translations: house, a house, home, household, family, temple, dwelling, habitation

Notes: This word refers primarily to a physical dwelling or building, such as a house or home. However, its meaning extends to encompass the inhabitants of a house, thus referring to a household or family. In a broader sense, it can also denote a lineage, a dynasty, or even a temple or place of worship, as it is considered the 'house of God'. It is a very common and versatile word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΙΑ, ΟΙΚΗΜΑ, ΟΙΚΗΤΗΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ΟΙΚΟΣ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weik-, meaning 'to enter, to settle'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that refer to dwellings or settlements.

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-sen

Translations: he called, he summoned, he urged, he exhorted, he comforted, he encouraged, he appealed, he implored, he requested

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to call to one's side, to summon, to urge, to exhort, to comfort, or to encourage. It can also mean to appeal to, to implore, or to request. Its specific meaning often depends on the context and the direct object it takes. In the provided examples, it seems to be used in the sense of urging or requesting someone to do something.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sah

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, a woman saying

Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It is in the feminine, singular, and nominative case, meaning it describes a female subject who is in the act of saying, speaking, or telling something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, or can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the one who is saying'.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑ

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1525

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ice-el-THON-tes

Translations: having entered, entering, who entered, when they entered, as they entered

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in' or 'to enter'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of a sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time, cause, or manner of the main action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G3849

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-bee-AH-sa-toh

Translations: compelled, urged, constrained, forced, pressed

Notes: This word describes the act of compelling, urging, or forcing someone to do something, often against their initial inclination. It implies a strong persuasion or pressure applied to overcome resistance. It is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb βιάζομαι (biazōmai), meaning 'to use force' or 'to compel'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΒΙΑΖΩ

G4198

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: por-yoo-OH-men-oh

Translations: to the one going, to the one walking, to the one traveling, to the one proceeding

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle of the verb 'poreuō', meaning 'to go', 'to walk', or 'to travel'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone who is in the act of going or walking. In this dative singular form, it refers to 'the one who is going' or 'to the one who is walking'.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Dative Case, Singular Number, Masculine or Neuter Gender

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ekh-OO-san

Translations: having, holding, possessing, holding fast, having in possession, being in possession of, being able to, being capable of, being in a certain condition, being in a certain state, being affected by, being occupied with, being engaged in

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities. It describes something or someone that is in the act of having, holding, or possessing. It can also indicate a state or condition, such as 'being able to' or 'being in a certain state'. The meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often implying possession, capability, or a current condition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΗΝ, ΚΑΤΕΧΟΥΣΑΝ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΥΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἔχω' (echō) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, indicating possession or state, and has cognates in many other Indo-European languages.

G2039

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: er-ga-SEE-an

Translations: work, a work, labor, a labor, business, a business, trade, a trade, profit, a profit, gain, a gain, (to) work, (to) labor, (to) business, (to) trade, (to) profit, (to) gain

Notes: ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ, meaning 'work,' 'labor,' 'business,' 'trade,' 'profit,' or 'gain.' It refers to an activity involving effort, whether physical or mental, often with a specific purpose or outcome. It can also denote the result of such effort or the profit derived from it.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ

G3930

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-EI-khen

Translations: was providing, was supplying, was offering, was giving, was presenting

Notes: This word is the third person singular imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'παρέχω' (parechō). It describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, meaning 'he/she/it was providing' or 'he/she/it was supplying'. It can be used to describe someone continuously giving or offering something.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΣΧΩ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word παρέχω (parechō) is a compound word formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. Together, they convey the sense of holding out or presenting something.

G3132

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: man-TEV-oh-men-ay

Translations: prophesying, divining, practicing divination, a prophetess, a diviner

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'prophesying' or 'practicing divination'. It describes someone who is engaged in the act of foretelling the future or seeking divine knowledge, often through supernatural means. It can be used to describe a person who is a prophetess or a diviner.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Singular, Feminine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΗΤΕΥΩ, ΧΡΗΣΤΗΡΙΑΖΩ

G2628

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-koh-loo-THOO-sah

Translations: following, accompanying, attending

Notes: This word describes the action of following closely or accompanying someone. It implies a continuous or persistent act of going along with another person or group, often in a supportive or observant capacity. It is a compound word formed from κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'according to', and ἀκολουθέω (akoloutheō), meaning 'to follow'.

Inflection: Present Participle, Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ, ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poy

Translations: men, people, human beings

Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is used to distinguish humans from God or from animals. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or object, referring to a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΙ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning 'upward-looking' or 'earth-faced'.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G5310

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: YP-see-STOO

Translations: (of) the Most High, (of) the Highest, (of) God Most High

Notes: This word means 'highest' or 'most high'. It is often used as a substantive, referring to God as 'the Most High'. It describes something or someone that is supreme in position, rank, or quality. When used in a sentence, it typically functions as an adjective modifying a noun, or as a noun itself referring to God.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΩΤΑΤΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡΤΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΥΨΙΣΤΟΣ (hypsistos) is derived from the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is the superlative form of the adjective ὑψηλός (hypsēlos), meaning 'high'.

G2605

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tang-GEL-loo-sin

Translations: they proclaim, they announce, they declare, they preach

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'). It means to proclaim, announce, or declare something publicly and emphatically, often with authority or a sense of mission. It is used to describe the act of making something widely known or preaching a message.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POY-ay

Translations: was doing, was making, did, made, used to do, used to make

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It describes an action that was ongoing or habitual in the past. It can refer to the creation of something, the performance of an action, or the causing of an effect. For example, it could mean 'he was making' a house, or 'he was doing' good deeds.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1288

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-poh-nee-THEYS

Translations: being greatly distressed, being worn out, being troubled, being annoyed, being vexed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly,' and the verb πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil' or 'to labor.' Therefore, it means to be thoroughly toiled, worn out, or greatly distressed. It describes a state of being deeply troubled or annoyed, often due to persistent effort or vexation. It is used to indicate someone who has been greatly bothered or wearied.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΝΟΧΛΕΩ, ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΠΟΝΕΩ is derived from the prefix διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly,' and the verb πονέω (poneō), meaning 'to toil, labor, or suffer.'

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ep-is-TREP-sas

Translations: having turned, having returned, having turned back, having converted

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'epistrephō'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often with the sense of 'having done something'. It signifies the act of turning around, returning, or converting, implying a change in direction, allegiance, or way of life. It can be used to describe someone who has physically turned back to a place or person, or metaphorically, someone who has turned from one belief or behavior to another.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: PNEE

Translations: unknown

Notes: This word fragment "ΠΝΙ" is not a complete word in Koine Greek. It appears to be a truncation or a misspelling. Based on the provided examples, it likely relates to verbs derived from the root "πνέω" (to breathe, blow) or "πνίγω" (to choke, drown). For instance, "ἀποπνίγω" means to choke or drown, and "πνεῦμα" means spirit or breath. Without further context or a complete word, its exact meaning and function are unclear. It could also potentially be an abbreviation or a part of a compound word.

Inflection: Unknown

G3853

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-rang-GEL-loh

Translations: command, order, instruct, charge, give orders, announce, proclaim

Notes: This verb means to give a command, order, or instruction. It implies a formal or authoritative directive. It can be used in various contexts, such as a general giving orders to soldiers, a teacher instructing students, or a ruler issuing a decree. It often takes an infinitive or a dependent clause to specify what is commanded.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παραγγέλλω (parangéllō), formed from παρά (pará, 'beside, by') and ἀγγέλλω (angéllō, 'to announce, report'). The combination suggests 'to announce alongside' or 'to transmit an order'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G5610

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OH-rah

Translations: hour, an hour, time, season, moment

Notes: This word refers to a specific period of time, which can be an hour, a particular time of day, a season, or a crucial moment. It is often used to denote a fixed or appointed time, such as 'the hour has come' for an event to occur. It can also refer to a specific season of the year.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΑΙΡΟΣ, ΧΡΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'year, season'. It refers to a limited period of time, a season, or a specific hour.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EL-pees

Translations: hope, a hope, expectation, confidence

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'hope' or 'expectation'. It refers to a confident expectation, often with a positive outlook on the future, or the object of that expectation. It is frequently used in a theological context to describe the Christian hope in God's promises.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΕΛΠΙΣ (elpis) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to wish' or 'to expect'. It is related to the verb ΕΛΠΙΖΩ (elpizo), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'.

G2039

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: er-ga-SEE-as

Translations: of work, of labor, of business, of activity, of a work, of a labor, of a business, of an activity

Notes: This word refers to work, labor, or business activity. It denotes the act of working or the result of work. It can be used to describe any kind of effort or occupation.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΟΝΟΣ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ (ergasia) is derived from the Greek verb ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ (ergazomai), meaning 'to work' or 'to labor', which itself comes from ΕΡΓΟΝ (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'.

G1949

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-lah-BO-men-oy

Translations: taking hold of, seizing, laying hold of, grasping, helping, assisting

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, over) and 'ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ' (to take, receive). It generally means to take hold of something or someone, often with the implication of seizing, grasping, or apprehending. In some contexts, it can also mean to help or assist someone by taking hold of them or their situation.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΣΥΛΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G4311

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pros-ag-a-GO-tes

Translations: having brought to, having led to, having presented, having approached

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσάγω' (prosago), meaning 'to bring to,' 'to lead to,' or 'to present.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb. It indicates someone who has performed the action of bringing, leading, or presenting something or someone to a particular place or person. It can also imply approaching or drawing near.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΦΕΡΟΝΤΕΣ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pahn

Translations: they said, they spoke

Notes: This word is a third-person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes an action of speaking or saying that occurred in the past and is viewed as a completed event. It is used to report what a group of people said.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΦΗΜΙ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΑΓΟΡΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb 'λέγω' (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather', which evolved to mean 'to pick out, count, tell, say' in Greek.

G1613

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ta-RAS-soos-in

Translations: they trouble greatly, they disturb, they agitate, they throw into confusion

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'εκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from,' and the verb 'ταράσσω' (tarassō), meaning 'to trouble' or 'to disturb.' Therefore, 'εκταράσσω' means 'to trouble greatly,' 'to disturb thoroughly,' or 'to throw into great confusion.' It describes an intense state of agitation or disturbance, often implying a complete disruption of peace or order.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΑΡΑΣΣΩ, ΣΥΓΧΕΩ, ΘΟΡΥΒΕΩ

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, Jewish people

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Judea, or more broadly, to the Jewish people, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who adhere to Judaism. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes them from Gentiles (non-Jews). It is used to describe the ethnic and religious group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah and later the kingdom of Judah. The Greek form 'Ioudaios' means 'of Judah' or 'a Judean', which then came to mean 'Jew'.

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tes

Translations: being, existing, those who are, those who exist, possessing, having

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, meaning 'to be,' 'to exist,' or 'to possess.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state of being. It can be translated as 'being' or 'existing,' often referring to people or things that are in a certain state or possess something. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'those who are' or 'those who exist.'

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΕΣΤΙΝ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix

Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)

Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-

Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).

Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.

Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.

G1832

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ES-tin

Translations: it is lawful, it is permitted, it is possible, it is proper, it is right

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is lawful' or 'it is permitted'. It is often used to express what is morally or legally permissible. It can be followed by an infinitive or a dative case to indicate for whom something is lawful or permitted.

Inflection: Impersonal, Present, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΝ, ΕΝΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From the preposition ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and the verb ἔστι (esti, 'it is'), literally meaning 'it is out of' or 'it is possible from'.

G3858

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-ra-DE-khes-thai

Translations: to receive, to accept, to admit, to approve, to welcome

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb 'paradéchomai'. It means to receive something, often with a sense of acceptance, approval, or welcome. It can be used in contexts where one takes something into possession, or agrees to something, or admits someone into a place or group.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of 'para' (παρά), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and 'dechomai' (δέχομαι), meaning 'to receive' or 'to accept'.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: poy-EH-in

Translations: to do, to make, to produce, to create, to perform, to accomplish, to bring about

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. It is a very common verb in Koine Greek and can be used in a wide range of contexts, from physical actions like making something, to abstract actions like performing a deed or bringing something about. It often indicates the execution of an action or the creation of an object.

Inflection: Infinitive, Present, Active

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word 'ποιέω' (poieō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to an old root meaning 'to make' or 'to create'.

G4514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: roh-MAI-oys

Translations: (to) Romans, (to) the Romans

Notes: This word refers to the people of Rome or the Roman Empire. It is used to indicate a group of people who are Romans, often in the context of their nationality or political affiliation. In this inflected form, it indicates the indirect object of an action, meaning 'to the Romans' or 'for the Romans'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: From Ρώμη (Rhōmē), meaning 'Rome', referring to the city and empire. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns denoting origin or belonging.

G4921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-ep-ES-tee

Translations: rose up, stood together, gathered against, attacked

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with, together), 'ἐπί' (upon, against), and 'ἵστημι' (to stand). It describes a situation where a group of people stands together or rises up against someone or something, often with hostile intent. It implies a collective action of opposition or attack.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΠΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb ΣΥΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ is formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn, 'with, together'), the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi, 'upon, against'), and the verb ΙΣΤΗΜΙ (histēmi, 'to stand, to set'). It literally means 'to stand together upon or against'.

G3793

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: OKH-los

Translations: crowd, multitude, throng, mob, a crowd, a multitude

Notes: This word refers to a large gathering of people, often an unorganized or disorderly group. It can denote a general multitude or a specific crowd, such as a mob. It is commonly used in the New Testament to describe the large groups of people who followed Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΛΑΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be derived from a root meaning 'to move' or 'to stir up', suggesting a restless or agitated mass of people.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G4755

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: strah-tay-GOY

Translations: generals, commanders, governors, magistrates, chief captains, to generals, to commanders, to governors, to magistrates, to chief captains

Notes: This word refers to military commanders, generals, or civil magistrates and governors. It is a compound word derived from 'στρατός' (army) and 'ἄγω' (to lead). In a sentence, it would typically refer to a group of leaders or officials, often in a military or administrative context, as seen in phrases like 'to the generals' or 'the commanders'.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Vocative, or Dative; Masculine

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΡΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΙΛΙΑΡΧΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ is a compound of two Greek words: στρατός (stratos), meaning 'army' or 'expedition', and ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. Thus, it literally means 'leader of an army'.

G4062

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-REH-xan-tess

Translations: tearing off, having torn off, ripping off, having ripped off

Notes: This word is a compound participle, formed from the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ῥήγνυμι (rhēgnymi), meaning 'to break', 'to tear', or 'to burst'. As a compound, it specifically means 'to tear all around' or 'to tear off completely'. It describes an action of violently tearing something away or apart from something else. In a sentence, it would describe the subject as having performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ, ΑΠΟΡΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

G2440

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-MA-tee-ah

Translations: garments, clothes, raiment

Notes: This word refers to clothing in general, specifically outer garments or cloaks. It is commonly used to denote the attire worn by people. In ancient contexts, it could refer to a single piece of clothing that served as both a cloak and a blanket.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΜΑΤΑ, ΕΣΘΗΣ

Etymology: The word ἱμάτιον (himátion) is a diminutive of ἱμάς (himás), meaning 'leather strap' or 'thong', which later came to refer to a garment. It is related to the verb ἵημι (híēmi), 'to send, throw', possibly referring to something thrown over the body.

G2753

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-KEH-leh-u-on

Translations: I was commanding, I was ordering, I was urging, I was bidding

Notes: This is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'κελεύω' (keleuō), meaning 'to command,' 'to order,' or 'to urge.' The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. Therefore, 'εκελευον' means 'I was commanding,' 'I was ordering,' or 'I was urging.' It can also refer to a group of people commanding or ordering, depending on the subject.

Inflection: First Person Singular, or Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΠΑΡΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word 'κελεύω' (keleuō) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'κέλευθος' (keleuthos), meaning 'road' or 'path,' implying a direction or command.

G2029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-THEN-tes

Translations: having placed upon, having laid upon, having put upon, having imposed, having added, having attacked

Notes: This word is the masculine nominative plural active participle of the verb 'epitithemi'. It describes an action of placing, laying, or putting something upon someone or something else, often implying an addition, imposition, or even an attack. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates that the action of 'placing upon' has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BAH-lon

Translations: they cast, they threw, they put, they laid, they poured

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to cast,' 'to throw,' 'to put,' or 'to lay.' It is used to describe the action of placing something somewhere, often with force or intention. It can refer to throwing objects, casting lots, or even putting someone into a place. The meaning can vary slightly depending on the context and the prepositions used with it.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAY

Translations: prison, a prison, guard, a guard, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, (into) prison, (into) custody, (into) a guard, (into) a watch

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΦΥΛΑΚΗΝ, the accusative singular form of ΦΥΛΑΚΗ. It refers to a place of confinement, such as a prison or jail, or the act of guarding or keeping watch. It can also denote a group of guards or a period of time during which a watch is kept. In context, it often appears with prepositions like 'εις' (into) to indicate movement into a state of imprisonment or custody.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ

G3853

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pah-rang-GILL-an-tes

Translations: having commanded, having instructed, having ordered, having charged, having announced

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb παραγγέλλω (parangellō), meaning 'to command, instruct, or order'. As a participle, it describes an action completed prior to the main verb of the sentence, often functioning adverbially to indicate the manner or cause of the main action. It implies that the subjects performed the act of commanding or instructing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΕΛΕΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΤΕΙΛΑΜΕΝΟΙ

G0906

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-BAH-len

Translations: he cast, he threw, he put, he laid, he poured, he sent, he brought, he expelled, he put forth

Notes: ΕΒΑΛΕΝ is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballō). It describes a completed action in the past, typically meaning 'he/she/it cast,' 'threw,' 'put,' or 'laid.' It can also convey the sense of expelling or sending something out. The specific meaning often depends on the context and any accompanying prepositions.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΡΙΠΤΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G2081

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-so-TEH-ran

Translations: inner, inner part, inner side, more inward

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'inner' or 'more inward'. It describes something that is located further inside or is more internal. It is often used to refer to the inner part of a place or a group. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating its position or nature.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΝΔΟΝ, ΕΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adverb ἔσω (esō), meaning 'within' or 'inward', which itself comes from the preposition εἰς (eis), meaning 'into'. The suffix -τερος indicates a comparative degree, suggesting 'more inward' or 'further within'.

G3586

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KSEE-lon

Translations: wood, a wood, tree, a tree, timber, a timber, staff, a staff, club, a club, cross, a cross

Notes: This word refers to wood in various forms. It can mean a living tree, cut timber, a piece of wood used as a staff or club, or even a structure made of wood, such as a cross or gallows. Its meaning is determined by the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΕΝΔΡΟΝ, ΔΟΚΟΣ, ΣΤΑΥΡΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to the idea of cutting or hewing.

G0869

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AF-noh

Translations: suddenly, unexpectedly, all at once

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'suddenly' or 'unexpectedly'. It is used to describe an action that happens without warning or preparation, often implying a quick or abrupt occurrence. It can modify verbs to indicate the manner in which an action takes place.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΞΑΙΦΝΗΣ, ΑΙΦΝΙΔΙΩΣ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be an adverbial formation from an obsolete adjective related to 'unseen' or 'unlooked for'.

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gas

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, significant, powerful

Notes: ΜΕΓΑΣ is an adjective meaning "great" or "large." It is used to describe the size, intensity, or importance of something or someone. For example, it can refer to a large storm, a great priest, or a significant event. As an adjective, it changes its form to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative. As an adjective, it inflects for gender, number, and case to agree with the noun it modifies.

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is a primary adjective in Greek.

G5620

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: HOH-steh

Translations: so that, in order that, consequently, therefore, with the result that

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause of result or purpose. It indicates that what follows is a consequence or the intended outcome of what was previously stated. It can also introduce an infinitive clause to express result.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΔΙΟ

Etymology: From the adverb ὡς (hōs), meaning 'as' or 'how', combined with the particle τε (te), meaning 'and' or 'also'. It developed to express result or consequence.

G455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-noykh-THEH-san

Translations: they were opened, they opened

Notes: This word describes an action where something or someone was opened. It is used to indicate that an opening occurred, often implying a passive action where the subject was acted upon rather than performing the action themselves. For example, it can refer to eyes being opened, or doors being opened.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΩΧΘΗΣΑΝ, ΔΙΗΝΟΙΧΘΗΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word ANOIGO is formed from the prefix ANA- (meaning 'up' or 'again') and the verb OIGO (meaning 'to open'). It signifies the action of opening something up or opening it again.

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G2374

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: THOO-rai

Translations: doors, gates, a door, a gate

Notes: This word refers to a door or a gate, serving as an entrance or exit to a building, room, or enclosed area. It is often used in the plural to refer to multiple doors or a set of gates. It can also metaphorically represent an opportunity or access.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *dhwer- meaning 'door, doorway'. It is cognate with English 'door'.

G0360

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-neh-LY-thay

Translations: departed, returned, dissolved, broken up, loosed, died

Notes: This word describes the act of departing, returning, or being dissolved. It can refer to a physical departure, a return to a previous state, or metaphorically, to the dissolution of something, such as life (meaning to die) or a bond. It implies a loosening or breaking up.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀναλύω (analýō), which is a compound of ἀνά (aná, 'up, back, again') and λύω (lýō, 'to loose, untie, release'). The combination suggests a 'loosening up' or 'untying back', leading to meanings of departing or dissolving.

G0390

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NEH-thay

Translations: was offered, was dedicated, was set up, was placed, was laid up, was presented, was given up, was released, was lifted up, was taken up, was raised

Notes: This word is the aorist passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'ανατιθημι' (anatithemi). It describes an action that was completed in the past, where something was offered, dedicated, or set up. It can also mean to be released or lifted up, depending on the context. The passive voice indicates that the subject of the verb is receiving the action, rather than performing it.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΑΦΕΡΩ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb 'ανατιθημι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ανα' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb 'τιθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. Thus, its core meaning relates to placing something up or setting it aside.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ex-OOP-nos

Translations: awake, alert, shrewd, clever, intelligent, smart

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is awake, alert, or mentally sharp. It can refer to being physically awake after sleep, or metaphorically to being quick-witted, shrewd, or intelligent in understanding and dealing with situations.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (also Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Neuter, Nominative, Singular)

Synonyms: ΣΟΦΟΣ, ΦΡΟΝΙΜΟΣ, ΝΟΥΝΕΧΗΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'εκ' (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and 'υπνος' (hypnos), meaning 'sleep'. Thus, it literally means 'out of sleep' or 'awake'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G1200

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: des-mo-PHY-las

Translations: jailer, prison keeper, a jailer, a prison keeper

Notes: This is a compound noun meaning 'jailer' or 'prison keeper'. It refers to the person in charge of a prison or those held captive. It is formed from the words 'desmos' (bond, chain, prison) and 'phylax' (guard, keeper). It is typically used to describe the official responsible for the custody of prisoners.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΦΥΛΑΚΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΟΦΥΛΑΚΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: ΔΕΣΜΟΣ (DESMOS), meaning 'bond, chain, prison', and ΦΥΛΑΞ (PHYLAX), meaning 'guard, keeper'. It literally translates to 'prison-guard'.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: having seen, when he saw, when they saw, seeing, looking, perceiving

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οράω' (orao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It often indicates the cause or circumstance of another action, such as 'having seen this, he did that'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

G2374

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: thoo-RAS

Translations: of a door, of a gate, doors, gates

Notes: This word refers to a door, gate, or entrance, which is an opening in a wall or fence that allows passage. It can also refer to the opportunity or access provided by such an opening. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate the place of entry or exit.

Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural

Synonyms: ΠΥΛΗ, ΕΙΣΟΔΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΘΥΡΑ" comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a door or gate. It is related to words for door in other Indo-European languages.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: fy-LAH-kays

Translations: (of) guard, (of) prison, (of) watch, (of) custody, (of) a guard, (of) a prison, (of) a watch, (of) a custody

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding, a place of confinement like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can also refer to the people who are guarding or keeping watch. In a sentence, it would typically be used to indicate possession or origin, such as 'of the guard' or 'belonging to the prison'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΑ

G4685

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: spah-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having drawn, having pulled out, having torn, having plucked, having rent

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'σπάω' (spao), meaning 'to draw' or 'to pull out'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed by the subject. It often implies the action of drawing something out, such as a sword from its sheath, or pulling something apart.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative Participle

Synonyms: ΕΛΚΥΣΑΣ, ΑΝΑΓΑΓΩΝ, ΑΠΟΣΠΑΣΑΣ

Etymology: The verb 'σπάω' (spao) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to pull' or 'to stretch'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar actions of drawing or pulling.

G3543

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: noh-MEE-zohn

Translations: thinking, supposing, considering, believing, accustomed, observing, a thinking, a supposing

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'νομίζω'. It describes someone who is currently thinking, supposing, or considering something. It can also refer to someone who is accustomed to a certain practice or observes a custom. It is often used to introduce a thought or belief held by the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΜΑΙ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

G5455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-PHO-nee-sen

Translations: he called, he cried out, he spoke, he uttered

Notes: This word describes the action of making a sound with the voice, such as calling out, crying, or speaking. It is often used to indicate a distinct or emphatic vocalization, like someone calling a name or proclaiming a message. It can also refer to the sound made by animals, like a rooster crowing.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΖΩ, ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From PHONOS (G5456), meaning 'a sound, a voice'.

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: MAY-den

Translations: nothing, no one, none, not even one

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is the neuter form of the word 'ΜΗΔΕΙΣ'. It is used to express absolute negation, particularly in contexts involving prohibitions, commands, or with subjunctive and optative moods, indicating that something should not happen or does not exist under certain conditions. For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'do nothing' or 'let nothing happen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΜΗ (meaning 'not') and the numeral ΕΙΣ (meaning 'one'). It literally means 'not even one'.

G4234, G4238

Part of Speech: Noun, Verb

Sounds like: PRAH-xis

Translations: action, deed, a deed, practice, doing, you may do, you may act, you may accomplish

Notes: This word can function as a noun meaning 'action' or 'deed', referring to something done or performed. It can also be a verb, specifically the second person singular aorist active subjunctive form of 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to act'. In its verbal form, it is often used in prohibitions or exhortations, indicating what one 'may do' or 'should do'.

Inflection: Noun: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine; Verb: 2nd Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΟΙΗΣΙΣ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: The noun 'πρᾶξις' (praxis) comes from the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do, to act, to accomplish'. It refers to the act or process of doing.

G4572

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: seh-ahf-TOH

Translations: (to) yourself, (to) thyself

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun meaning 'yourself' or 'thyself'. It is used when the action of the verb is directed back to the subject of the sentence. For example, 'you give to yourself'. It is a compound word formed from the second person pronoun 'σύ' (you) and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτοῦ' (himself, herself, itself).

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the second person pronoun ΣΥ (you) and the intensive pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self). It developed from the earlier form ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ, which itself is a contraction of ΣΟΙ ΑΥΤΟΥ.

G2556

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: KAH-kon

Translations: evil, bad, harmful, wicked, a bad thing, an evil thing, a wrong, a misfortune, a disaster

Notes: This word describes something that is bad, evil, or harmful. It can refer to moral wickedness, physical harm, or general poor quality. When used as a substantive (like a noun), it refers to an evil thing, a wrong, or a misfortune. It can be used to describe actions, intentions, or conditions.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be pre-Greek or from an unknown root.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ai-TEE-sas

Translations: having asked, having requested, having demanded, having begged

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'ΑΙΤΕΩ' (aiteō), meaning 'to ask, request, or demand'. As a participle, it describes an action completed in the past by the subject of the main verb, often translated as 'having asked' or 'after asking'. It functions adjectivally or adverbially, modifying a noun or describing the circumstances of the main action.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΗΣΑΣ, ΖΗΤΗΣΑΣ

G1790

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-TROH-mos

Translations: trembling, terrified, afraid

Notes: This word describes someone who is trembling or shaking due to extreme fear or terror. It is used to convey a state of being utterly terrified or greatly alarmed. It can be used to describe a person's reaction to a frightening event or presence.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΟΒΟΣ, ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the prefix 'εν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'within', and 'τρομος' (tromos), meaning 'trembling' or 'shaking'. It literally means 'in a state of trembling'.

G4363

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-E-peh-seh

Translations: he fell upon, he fell down before, it happened to, it befell

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'προσπίπτω' (prospiptō). It is a compound verb formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. Depending on the context, it can mean 'he fell upon' or 'he fell down before' someone or something, often in an act of supplication or worship. It can also be used impersonally to mean 'it happened to' or 'it befell' someone, indicating an event or circumstance that occurred.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

G4254

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: proh-AH-gohn

Translations: leading forth, going before, advancing, bringing forward, leading, going, advancing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'leading forth' or 'going before'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes an action of moving ahead of others, either literally in terms of physical movement or figuratively in terms of precedence or initiation. It can be used to describe someone who is leading an army, going ahead of a group, or bringing something forward.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word προάγω (proago) is a compound of the Greek preposition πρό (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forward', and the verb ἄγω (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Its etymology reflects the core meaning of leading or going in a forward direction.

G4254

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: proh-ah-GAH-gohn

Translations: leading forth, bringing forth, going before, bringing out, bringing forward, advancing

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition πρό (pro, meaning 'before' or 'forward') and the verb ἄγω (agō, meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'). As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or completed, functioning like an adjective or adverb. It generally means 'leading forward,' 'bringing out,' or 'going before,' often implying movement or progression in front of something or someone.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΓΩ, ΕΞΑΓΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G1163

Part of Speech: Impersonal Verb

Sounds like: DEH-ee

Translations: it is necessary, one must, it is proper, it behooves

Notes: This is an impersonal verb meaning 'it is necessary' or 'one must'. It expresses a strong sense of obligation, necessity, or inevitability. It is often used with an infinitive to indicate what must be done or what is destined to happen.

Inflection: Impersonal, 3rd person singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *deyh₂- (to shine, to gleam), which developed into the sense of 'to be visible, to appear', and then 'to be proper, to be necessary'.

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G4982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: so-THOH

Translations: I will be saved, I will be delivered, I will be healed

Notes: This is a verb form meaning 'I will be saved' or 'I will be delivered'. It is often used in the context of being rescued from danger, preserved from harm, or healed from illness. In a spiritual sense, it refers to being saved from sin and its consequences.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Future, Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΡΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΩΖΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sow- meaning 'whole, healthy'. It is related to words signifying safety, health, and preservation.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pah

Translations: I said, I spoke

Notes: This is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action of speaking or saying something in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'I said to them' or 'I spoke the word'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb λέγω (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, recount, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to say' or 'to speak', often implying a reasoned or deliberate utterance.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-ON

Translations: Lord, a Lord

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΝ (KYRION), meaning 'Lord'. It is the accusative singular form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (KYRIOS), which means 'Lord' or 'Master'. It is used to refer to God or Jesus Christ, or sometimes to a human master or owner. In the provided context, it is used with the accusative article 'ΤΟΝ', indicating it is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ

Etymology: From ΚΥΡΟΣ (KYROS), meaning 'power' or 'authority'. It refers to one who has power or authority, hence 'lord' or 'master'.

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-lay-san

Translations: they spoke, they said, they talked, they declared, they preached

Notes: The word ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ (laleō). This verb generally means 'to speak,' 'to say,' or 'to talk.' It can refer to uttering sounds, speaking a language, or engaging in conversation. In a broader sense, it can also mean to declare, proclaim, or preach, especially in a religious context. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past, so ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ means 'they spoke' or 'they said' as a definite, completed event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soom

Translations: with, together, along with, in company with, by means of, in addition to, at the same time

Notes: ΣΥΜ is a common prefix form of the Koine Greek preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together'. It is used to form compound words, indicating association, companionship, or completion. The 'N' of ΣΥΝ assimilates to 'M' before labial consonants (π, β, φ, μ) for easier pronunciation, as seen in words like ΣΥΜΠΑΣΑ (sympasa) or ΣΥΜΜΙΚΤΟΣ (symmiktos).

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is a prefix form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ

G3880

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: pa-ra-la-BOHN

Translations: having received, having taken, having taken along, having taken aside, having taken over, having taken possession of

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραλαμβάνω' (paralambanō), meaning 'to receive' or 'to take alongside'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is ongoing, often functioning like an adjective or adverb in a sentence. It can imply taking something into one's possession, taking someone with oneself, or taking over a responsibility or role. The specific nuance depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Masculine Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΒΩΝ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G4141

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: play-GOH

Translations: to strike, to smite, to wound, to hit, to beat

Notes: This verb means to strike, smite, or wound someone or something. It can refer to a physical blow, an injury, or even a metaphorical 'striking' in the sense of causing harm or impact. It is often used in contexts describing physical violence or injury.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΠΑΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΟΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΠΛΗΓΩ (plēgō) is derived from the noun ΠΛΗΓΗ (plēgē), meaning 'a blow, a stroke, a wound'. This noun itself comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *pleh₂g- meaning 'to strike'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G0321

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-GAH-gohn

Translations: having led up, having brought up, having put to sea, having set sail, having offered up, having restored

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'ἀνάγω' (anago). It describes an action that has been completed in the past, often with the sense of 'leading up' or 'bringing up' to a higher place, or 'putting to sea' from a harbor. It can also refer to offering sacrifices or restoring someone to a previous state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΝΕΓΚΩΝ, ΑΝΗΓΑΓΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'ἀνάγω' (anago) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'upwards,' and the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring.'

G3908

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-THEE-ken

Translations: he set before, he placed before, he presented, he served, he committed, he entrusted

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'παρατίθημι' (paratithēmi). It means 'he set before' or 'he placed before', often in the context of food or objects. It can also mean 'to commit' or 'to entrust' something to someone, implying a placing alongside or depositing for safekeeping. In the provided examples, it is used in the sense of setting food before someone.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ

G5132

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tra-PEH-zan

Translations: table, a table, bank, a bank, money-changer's table

Notes: This word refers to a table, often used for eating or for conducting business, such as exchanging money. It can also refer to a bank or a money-changer's stall. In a sentence, it would typically function as the object of a verb or preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΠΕΖΙΟΝ, ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΡΑΠΕΖΑ comes from the Greek prefix τετρα- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the word πέζα (peza), meaning 'foot' or 'edge'. Thus, it literally means 'four-footed', referring to a table.

G0021

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-gal-lee-AH-sah-toh

Translations: he rejoiced greatly, she rejoiced greatly, it rejoiced greatly

Notes: This word describes an intense feeling of joy or exultation, often implying a public or outward expression of this joy. It is used to convey a sense of deep, overflowing gladness, as if one is leaping for joy. It is typically used in contexts where there is a cause for great celebration or triumph.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΑΙΡΩ, ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word 'agallia' (joy, exultation), which itself comes from 'agan' (very much) and 'hallomai' (to leap). It conveys the idea of leaping for joy or exulting greatly.

G3824

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-OY-kee

Translations: with all his household, with his whole house, as a whole household

Notes: This word is a compound adverb meaning 'with all one's household' or 'as a whole household'. It is used to describe an action performed by an entire family or household collectively. For example, it might be used to say that someone rejoiced with their entire family.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word is a compound of ΠΑΣ (PAS), meaning 'all' or 'every', and ΟΙΚΟΣ (OIKOS), meaning 'house' or 'household'. The ending -ΕΙ forms an adverb.

G4100

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-koss

Translations: having believed, one who has believed, trusted, faithful

Notes: This is the perfect active participle of the verb 'πιστεύω' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the one having believed'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the believer').

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΠΕΠΕΙΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G4464

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rahb-DOO-khoos

Translations: lictors, constables, rod-bearers

Notes: This is a compound word, formed from 'ῥάβδος' (rhabdos), meaning 'rod' or 'staff', and 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. A ῥαβδοῦχος was an officer, particularly a Roman lictor, who carried rods (fasces) as a symbol of authority and enforced the law. They served as attendants to magistrates and were responsible for maintaining order and carrying out punishments.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΥΠΗΡΕΤΗΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ῥάβδος (rhabdos, “rod, staff”) + ἔχω (echō, “to have, to hold”).

G1565

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: eh-KAY-noos

Translations: those, them

Notes: This word is the masculine plural accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'ekeinos'. It refers to things or people 'over there' or 'that one/those ones' in contrast to something closer. As a pronoun, it can stand in for 'those (people/things)' or 'them'. As an adjective, it modifies a masculine plural noun in the accusative case, meaning 'those' (e.g., 'those men'). It indicates a greater distance or distinction than 'houtos' (this/these).

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥΣ, ΤΟΥΤΟΥΣ

G1200

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: des-mo-PHY-laks

Translations: jailer, a jailer, prison guard, keeper of the prison

Notes: This is a compound noun formed from 'δεσμός' (desmos), meaning 'bond' or 'prison', and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'guard' or 'keeper'. It refers to a person who is in charge of a prison and its prisoners. It is used to describe the official responsible for the custody of prisoners.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΟΦΥΛΑΚΟΣ, ΔΕΣΜΟΦΥΛΑΚΑΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of two Greek words: 'δεσμός' (desmos), meaning 'bond, chain, prison', which comes from the verb 'δέω' (deō), meaning 'to bind'; and 'φύλαξ' (phylax), meaning 'guard, keeper', which comes from the verb 'φυλάσσω' (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, to watch'.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pes-TAL-kan

Translations: they have sent, they have sent forth, they have dispatched

Notes: This is a verb form indicating an action completed in the past with continuing results in the present. It describes the act of sending someone or something away, often with a specific purpose or mission. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO, meaning 'from' or 'away from') and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (STELLO, meaning 'to send').

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Indicative, Active, Perfect

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΜΦΑΣΙΝ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΚΑΝ

Etymology: The verb ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ is derived from the prefix ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (STELLO), meaning 'to send' or 'to set in order'. It conveys the idea of sending someone or something away from a point of origin.

G0630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-LY-theh-teh

Translations: be released, be set free, be dismissed, be let go, be sent away, be divorced

Notes: This word is the second person plural aorist passive imperative form of the verb ἀπολύω (apolyo). It means 'to be released,' 'to be set free,' 'to be dismissed,' or 'to be let go.' As an imperative, it functions as a command or instruction, telling a group of people to be released or to go away. It can also refer to being divorced or sent away in a marital context.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΛΘΕΤΕ, ΑΦΙΕΤΕ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΕΤΕ

G3568, G3571

Part of Speech: Adverb, Noun

Sounds like: NOO

Translations: now, then, therefore, indeed, night, a night

Notes: This word, without diacritics, can represent two distinct Koine Greek words. It can be the adverb 'νῦν' (nyn), meaning 'now,' 'then,' 'therefore,' or 'indeed,' often used to emphasize a point or indicate a present or immediate state. It can also be the noun 'νύξ' (nyx), meaning 'night,' referring to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. The specific meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect); Noun (Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine)

Synonyms: ΑΡΤΙ, ΗΔΗ, ΕΣΠΕΡΑ

Etymology: ΝΥΝ (nyn) comes from Proto-Indo-European. ΝΥΞ (nyx) comes from Proto-Indo-European.

Part of Speech: Participle, Verb

Sounds like: ex-EL-thon-tes

Translations: having gone out, going out, went out, came out, departed, having come forth, coming forth

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come forth'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It often conveys the sense of 'having gone out' or 'those who went out', indicating a completed action of departure or emergence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΡΟΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-RAY-nayne

Translations: peace, a peace, quietness, rest, prosperity

Notes: This word refers to a state of peace, tranquility, or harmony. It can also denote prosperity, welfare, or security. In ancient Greek, it often implies the absence of war or civil strife, but can also refer to inner peace or a state of well-being. The form 'ΙΡΗΝΗΝ' is the accusative singular, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗϹΥΧΙΑ, ΓΑΛΗΝΗ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥϹΙϹ

Etymology: The word ΕΙΡΗΝΗ (eirēnē) is of uncertain etymology, possibly derived from a verb meaning 'to join' or 'to bind together', suggesting a state of unity or agreement. It is related to the concept of a treaty or covenant that brings about peace.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-RAN-tes

Translations: unknown, possibly tearing, rending, flaying

Notes: This word, "ΔΙΡΑΝΤΕΣ" (DIRANTES), appears to be a present active participle, masculine or feminine, nominative or accusative plural, from a verb like *διράω* (diraō). However, the verb *διράω* is not a recognized word in Koine Greek or classical Greek lexicons. It is highly probable that this word is a misspelling or a garbled form of another word. If it were a legitimate word, based on its form, it would describe an action being performed by multiple subjects, such as "those who are tearing" or "those who are flaying." Given its absence from standard lexicons, its meaning and usage are uncertain.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The etymology of *διράω* is unknown as it is not a recognized word in ancient Greek.

G1219

Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective

Sounds like: dee-mo-SEE-ah

Translations: publicly, in public, openly, a public (thing), a public (place)

Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'publicly' or 'in public', indicating that an action is done openly or for everyone to see. It can also be the feminine singular form of the adjective 'δημόσιος', meaning 'public' or 'belonging to the people', describing something that is open to or concerns the community.

Inflection: Adverb (does not inflect), or Adjective (Feminine, Singular, Nominative, Vocative, or Accusative)

Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΩΣ, ΑΝΟΙΚΤΩΣ

G5225

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hoo-PAR-khon-tas

Translations: being, existing, having, possessing, a possession, property, goods, what one has

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to be' or 'to exist'. It describes someone or something that is currently existing, being, or possessing something. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun, or as a noun itself, referring to one's possessions or property. In the provided examples, it describes people 'being' in a certain state or 'having' certain characteristics.

Inflection: Present, Active, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ, ΚΤΗΜΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, 'under') and ἄρχω (árkhō, 'to begin, to rule'). The combination suggests 'to begin under' or 'to be originally present', evolving to mean 'to exist' or 'to be in a state'.

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-la-KAYN

Translations: guard, a guard, prison, a prison, watch, a watch, custody, a custody, keeping, a keeping

Notes: This word refers to the act of guarding or keeping, a place of custody like a prison, or a period of watching, such as a night watch. It can be used to describe a literal prison or a state of being held in custody. It can also refer to the act of keeping or observing something, like a command or a law.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΦΥΛΑΚΗ (phylakē) comes from the verb φυλάσσω (phylassō), meaning 'to guard, watch, protect'.

G1544

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-BAL-loo-sin

Translations: they cast out, they throw out, they drive out, they send out, they bring forth, they put forth

Notes: This word describes the action of expelling or removing something or someone from a place or state. It can refer to physical expulsion, such as casting out demons or throwing out an object, or to sending someone forth on a mission. It implies a forceful or decisive action.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΞΩΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΒΑΛΛΩ (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. Thus, it literally means 'to throw out'.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ah-gah-GEH-toh-sahn

Translations: let them lead out, let them bring forth, let them take out, they must lead out, they must bring forth, they must take out

Notes: This word is a command or instruction, meaning 'let them lead out' or 'they must bring forth'. It is used to direct a group of people to perform the action of leading, bringing, or taking something or someone out from a place. It implies a definitive action that is to be carried out.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Imperative

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΕΤΩΣΑΝ, ΠΡΟΑΓΕΤΩΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΞΑΓΩ (exago) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΞ (ex), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΑΓΩ (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead out' or 'to bring forth'.

G0002

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-lan

Translations: they reported, they announced, they told, they brought back word

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to report,' 'to announce,' or 'to tell.' It describes the action of bringing a message or news from one place or person to another. It is often used in contexts where information is conveyed, such as reporting events, delivering messages, or making declarations.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, 'from, away from') and ἀγγέλλω (angéllō, 'to announce, to report'). The prefix ἀπό intensifies the meaning of 'announcing' or 'reporting' something fully or from a source.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: ah-KOO-san-tes

Translations: having heard, those who heard, after hearing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It can refer to people who have heard something, or indicate that an action occurred after the act of hearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-ek-AL-eh-san

Translations: they called to, they exhorted, they encouraged, they comforted, they appealed to, they pleaded with, they invited

Notes: This word is a verb in the aorist active indicative, third person plural. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. The verb 'παρακαλέω' generally means to call someone to one's side, and from that, it can take on various meanings depending on the context, such as to exhort, encourage, comfort, appeal to, or invite. It often implies a strong request or a supportive action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΜΥΘΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: eks-ah-GAH-gon-tes

Translations: leading out, bringing out, taking out, having led out, having brought out, having taken out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'exago', meaning 'to lead out' or 'to bring forth'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective while retaining verbal qualities, describing an action that has been completed or is ongoing, often translated as 'having led out' or 'leading out'. It implies the action of guiding or removing someone or something from a place.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ

G2065

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-ROH-tohn

Translations: they were asking, they were questioning, they were inquiring, they were requesting

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to ask', 'to question', 'to inquire', or 'to request'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can be used to ask for information, to make a request, or to interrogate someone. In the provided context, it indicates that a group of people were in the process of asking or inquiring about something.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

G1525

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eis-EEL-thon

Translations: I entered, they entered, I came in, they came in, I went in, they went in

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἰσέρχομαι' (eiserchomai), meaning 'to enter' or 'to come/go in'. It describes an action of entering that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration. It is often used to describe physical entry into a place, but can also refer to entering into a state or condition.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.