2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G2010

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-TREH-peh-tai

Translations: it is permitted, it is allowed, it is lawful, it is proper

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to permit,' 'to allow,' or 'to give permission.' It is often used impersonally in the third person singular, as in 'it is permitted' or 'it is allowed,' indicating that something is permissible or lawful. It can also be used to grant authority or entrust something to someone.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΣΤΙ, ΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἐπί (epi, 'upon, to') and τρέπω (trepō, 'to turn'). The combination suggests 'to turn over to' or 'to entrust to,' leading to the meaning of allowing or permitting.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G4572

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: seh-af-TOO

Translations: of yourself, of thyself

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'of yourself' or 'of thyself'. It is used when the action of the verb reflects back on the subject. It is a compound word formed from the second person pronoun 'σύ' (you) and the intensive pronoun 'αὐτός' (self).

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΣΕΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the second person pronoun ΣΥ (you) and the intensive pronoun ΑΥΤΟΣ (self). It developed from earlier forms of these words in Ancient Greek.

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEIR-ah

Translations: hand, a hand, power, strength, agency

Notes: This word refers to a hand, but it is often used metaphorically to signify power, strength, or agency. For example, 'in the hand of God' can mean 'under the power or authority of God'. It can also refer to a person's active involvement or instrumentality in an event.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine or Singular, Accusative, Feminine or Singular, Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to an old Indo-European word for 'grasp' or 'take'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pan-TOH

Translations: altogether, entirely, by all means, in every way

Notes: This word is an adverb derived from the adjective 'πᾶς' (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. As an adverb, 'παντῶ' means 'altogether' or 'entirely', indicating completeness or totality in an action or state. It can also mean 'by all means' or 'in every way', emphasizing a comprehensive manner.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΛΩΣ, ΠΑΝΤΕΛΩΣ

Etymology: The word 'πᾶς' (pas), from which 'παντῶ' is derived, comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'all' or 'every'.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G2233

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: HEE-gee-my

Translations: I have considered, I have thought, I have esteemed, I have accounted, I have regarded, I have led

Notes: This word is the perfect passive indicative form of the verb 'hegeomai'. In its active voice, it means 'to lead, guide, or command'. In its middle or passive voice, as it is here, it means 'to consider, think, esteem, or account'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results, so 'I have considered' or 'I have esteemed' are appropriate translations, implying a state of mind or conclusion reached.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΟΙΜΑΙ, ΔΟΚΕΩ

Etymology: The word Ἡγέομαι (hēgéomai) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lead, to guide'. It is related to words signifying leadership and direction.

G1683

Part of Speech: Reflexive Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-MOW-ton

Translations: myself, to myself, for myself

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'myself'. It is used when the action of the verb reflects back on the subject. For example, 'I see myself'. It is a compound word formed from the genitive of the first-person personal pronoun (ἐμοῦ, 'of me') and the accusative masculine singular of the intensive pronoun (αὐτόν, 'self'). In this specific form, it is accusative masculine singular, indicating the direct object of an action performed by the speaker upon themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G3195

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lohn

Translations: about to, going to, destined to, future

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω' (mellō), meaning 'to be about to' or 'to intend to'. It indicates an action that is imminent, impending, or destined to occur. It often functions like a future tense auxiliary verb in English, showing that the subject is on the verge of doing something or that something is about to happen.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words signifying delay or hesitation, evolving to mean 'to be about to' or 'to intend'.

G0626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-loh-GISS-thai

Translations: to give an account, to make a defense, to defend oneself, to apologize

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'apologeo'. It means to give an account of oneself, to make a defense, or to defend oneself against an accusation. It can also carry the sense of apologizing or excusing oneself. It is often used in contexts where someone is called upon to explain their actions or beliefs.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΑΠΟΛΟΓΟΥΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπολογέομαι (apologéomai), from ἀπό (apó, 'from, away from') + λόγος (lógos, 'word, speech, account'). It literally means 'to speak away from' or 'to speak in defense'.

G3122

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: MA-lis-TA

Translations: especially, most, indeed, yes, certainly, above all

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'especially,' 'most,' or 'above all.' It is often used to emphasize a particular point or item in a list. It can also be used as a strong affirmation, meaning 'yes,' 'certainly,' or 'indeed.'

Inflection: Superlative form of ΜΑΛΑ; Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΑΛΛΟΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΩΣ

Etymology: From the adverb ΜΑΛΑ (mala), meaning 'very' or 'much.' ΜΑΛΙΣΤΑ is its superlative form, indicating 'most' or 'very much so.'

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things being, those who are, existing ones

Notes: ΟΝΤΑ is the present active participle of the verb ΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be'. It can function as an adjective, describing something that is 'being' or 'existing', or as a substantive, referring to 'those who are' or 'things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative, or Masculine/Feminine Plural Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oos

Translations: Jews, the Jews

Notes: This word refers to a Jew, an inhabitant of Judea, or a follower of Judaism. In its accusative plural form, it is used as the direct object of a verb or after certain prepositions, indicating 'Jews' as the recipients of an action or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΥΣ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΙΟΥΔΑΙΟΣ' is derived from 'ΙΟΥΔΑ' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah or the region of Judea. It signifies someone belonging to or originating from Judah.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G1189

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEH-oh-my

Translations: I beg, I pray, I ask, I entreat, I implore, I need, I want

Notes: This verb means to beg, pray, ask, or entreat. It often implies a sense of need or desire for something. It can be used to express a request to someone or for something, often followed by an infinitive or a genitive case indicating what is needed or requested.

Inflection: First person singular, Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΙΤΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: From an uncontracted form of the verb δέω (deō), meaning 'to bind' or 'to lack'. The middle voice often conveys the sense of 'to be in need of' or 'to ask for oneself'.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G0746

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-KHAYS

Translations: of beginning, of rule, of ruler, of authority, of origin, of first place, of chief, of a ruler, of a chief

Notes: This word refers to the beginning of something, the first in a series, or the origin. It can also denote a position of authority, rule, or a person holding such a position, like a ruler or chief. In the provided examples, it appears in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, such as 'of the beginning' or 'of the ruler'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΕΦΑΛΗΣ, ΗΓΕΜΟΝΟΣ, ΠΡΩΤΟΥ

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nee

Translations: to the nation, to the people, to the Gentiles, to the heathen

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ἔθνος' (ethnos). It refers to a nation, a people, or a group of people, often with a connotation of being distinct from others, such as the Jewish people or the Gentiles (non-Jews). In its dative form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, meaning 'to the nation' or 'for the people'. It can also refer to a tribe or a race.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟϹ, ΓΕΝΟϹ

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: hee-eh-ro-so-LY-moys

Translations: (to) Jerusalem, (in) Jerusalem, (at) Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to the city of Jerusalem, a significant city in ancient Israel and a central location in many biblical narratives. It is used here in the dative case, indicating location or direction, such as 'in Jerusalem' or 'to Jerusalem'.

Inflection: Dative, Plural

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'foundation of peace' or 'city of peace'. It is a compound word derived from 'yara' (to found, to lay a cornerstone) and 'shalom' (peace).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, Jewish people

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Judea, or more broadly, to the Jewish people, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who adhere to Judaism. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes them from Gentiles (non-Jews). It is used to describe the ethnic and religious group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah and later the kingdom of Judah. The Greek form 'Ioudaios' means 'of Judah' or 'a Judean', which then came to mean 'Jew'.

G4267

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pro-ghi-NOH-skoh-tes

Translations: foreknowing, having foreknown, those who foreknow, those who have foreknown

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from 'pro' (before) and 'ginosko' (to know). It means 'to know beforehand' or 'to foreknow'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is in the act of foreknowing or has already foreknown. It is often used to describe God's prior knowledge of events or individuals.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΟΡΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΕΓΝΩΣΜΕΝΟΣ

G0509

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: AH-noh-then

Translations: from above, again, anew, from the beginning

Notes: This adverb has a dual meaning depending on the context. Spatially, it means 'from above' or 'from a higher place'. Temporally or conceptually, it can mean 'again', 'anew', or 'from the beginning'. In some theological contexts, particularly in the Gospel of John, it carries the significant meaning of 'born from above' or 'born again', emphasizing a spiritual rebirth initiated by God. It can describe the origin of something (from above) or the repetition or renewal of an action (again/anew).

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΑΛΑΙ, ΠΑΛΙΝ, ΕΞΑΡΧΗΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek preposition ΑΝΩ (ANO), meaning 'up' or 'above', combined with the suffix -ΘΕΝ (-THEN), which indicates origin or direction 'from'.

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G3141

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mar-too-REE-in

Translations: testimony, witness, a testimony, a witness, evidence, proof

Notes: This word refers to a testimony, witness, or evidence. It is often used in a legal or judicial context, referring to the act of bearing witness or the statement given by a witness. It can also refer to the content of what is testified or the proof provided.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ (martyria) comes from the verb ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ (martyreō), meaning 'to bear witness,' which itself is derived from ΜΑΡΤΥΣ (martys), meaning 'witness.'

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0001

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-kree-ves-TAH-teen

Translations: most accurate, most exact, most precise, most careful

Notes: This word is the superlative form of the adjective 'akribēs', meaning 'accurate' or 'exact'. As a superlative, it indicates the highest degree of accuracy, precision, or carefulness. It describes something that is exceedingly precise or meticulously done. In this form, it would typically modify a feminine singular noun in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Superlative

Synonyms: ΑΚΡΙΒΕΣΤΑΤΟΣ, ΑΚΡΙΒΩΣ

G0139

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-EE-reh-sin

Translations: choice, a choice, selection, a selection, party, a party, sect, a sect, heresy, a heresy, division, a division

Notes: This word refers to a choice or a selection. It can also denote a group of people who have made a particular choice or hold a specific set of beliefs, thus forming a party, sect, or even a heresy. In some contexts, it can imply a division or faction. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΣΧΙΣΜΑ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5330

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: fah-ree-SAI-oss

Translations: Pharisee, a Pharisee

Notes: A Pharisee was a member of an ancient Jewish sect, distinguished by strict observance of the traditional and written law. They were a prominent religious and political group during the time of Jesus, often depicted in the New Testament as legalistic and hypocritical, though they were also respected by many for their piety.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From Aramaic פְּרִישָׁא (pərīšā), meaning 'separated one' or 'separatist', referring to their strict adherence to the Law and separation from common people.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1680

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: el-PEE-dee

Translations: to hope, to expectation, to trust, to confidence, to a hope, to an expectation, to a trust, to a confidence

Notes: This word refers to the concept of hope, expectation, or trust. It is used to express a confident anticipation of something, often something good or desired. In the provided examples, it appears in the dative case, indicating the object to which the hope or expectation is directed, often translated with 'to' or 'in'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΙΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΗΣΙΣ

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-nays

Translations: (of) having become, (of) having happened, (of) being, (of) coming into existence, (of) being born, (of) being made

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into existence,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is in the process of occurring, often functioning like a verbal adjective or an adverbial clause. In this form, it indicates a feminine singular genitive relationship, often translated as 'of having become' or 'when it became' in a genitive absolute construction.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine, Aorist Middle Participle

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ESS-tay-kah

Translations: I stand, I have stood, I am standing, I have taken my stand

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, first person singular form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Although it is a perfect tense form, it often carries a present meaning in Koine Greek, indicating a state of having stood and therefore being in a standing position. It describes a completed action with ongoing results, such as 'I have stood and therefore I am standing'. It can be used to describe someone standing in a particular place or taking a firm position.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΜΜΕΝΩ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΠΑΡΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G2919

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kree-NOH-meh-nos

Translations: being judged, being decided, being contended with, being separated, being distinguished

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'κρίνω' (krino). It describes an action that is currently happening to the subject, indicating that the subject is undergoing judgment, decision, or separation by an external force or by themselves. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the circumstances of an action.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The verb κρίνω (krino) comes from an ancient root meaning 'to separate' or 'to distinguish'. Over time, its meaning evolved to include 'to judge' or 'to decide', implying a process of distinguishing between right and wrong, or making a determination.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G1618

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ek-TEN-eh-yah

Translations: earnestness, intensity, a fervent prayer, perseverance, diligence

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being stretched out or intense, often used to describe earnestness, fervor, or diligence in an action, particularly in prayer or service. It conveys the idea of putting one's full effort and concentration into something, indicating a deep and sincere commitment. It can be translated as 'earnestness' or 'intensity' and is frequently associated with fervent prayer or persistent effort.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΠΟΥΔΗ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΡΤΕΡΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ἐκτενής (ektenes), meaning 'stretched out, earnest, zealous,' which itself comes from ἐκτείνω (ekteinō), meaning 'to stretch out.' The noun form denotes the state or quality of being earnest or intense.

G3000

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-TREH-oo-oh

Translations: to serve, to worship, to minister, to perform sacred service

Notes: This verb describes the act of rendering service, often with a religious or devotional connotation. It can refer to serving God, performing religious rites, or ministering in a sacred capacity. It implies a deep commitment and devotion in the act of service or worship.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ, ΘΡΗΣΚΕΥΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'λάτρις' (latris), meaning 'a hired servant' or 'worshipper'. It refers to service rendered for hire or devotion, particularly in a religious context.

G1679

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: el-PI-zi

Translations: to hope, to expect, to trust, to look forward to

Notes: This word describes the act of having hope, expectation, or trust in something or someone. It is often used in the context of looking forward to future events or outcomes with confidence, particularly in a spiritual sense. It can also imply a strong belief or reliance.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular or Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Etymology: From ΕΛΠΙΣ (ELPIS), meaning 'hope'. It is related to the concept of longing or yearning for something good.

G2658

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tahn-TEE-sai

Translations: to arrive at, to come to, to reach, to attain, to come upon

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata, 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἀντάω (antaō, 'to meet'). It means to arrive at a specific place or to reach a particular state or goal. It often implies a successful or destined arrival.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ, ΑΦΙΚΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἀντάω (antaō, 'to meet'). The sense of 'meeting' or 'coming face to face' evolved into 'arriving at' or 'reaching'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G0571

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-pis-ton

Translations: unbelieving, faithless, incredible, unbelievable

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is unbelieving, lacking faith, or untrustworthy. It can also refer to something that is incredible or unbelievable, in the sense of being difficult to accept as true. It is often used to describe those who do not believe in God or Christ, or those who are not faithful.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Singular, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΗΣ, ΑΠΕΛΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΠΙΣΤΟΣ' is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'Α-' (A-), meaning 'not' or 'without', and 'ΠΙΣΤΟΣ' (PISTOS), meaning 'faithful' or 'believing'. Thus, it literally means 'not faithful' or 'without faith'.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G1453

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GAY-ree

Translations: he raises, she raises, it raises, he awakens, she awakens, it awakens, he stirs up, she stirs up, it stirs up

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to raise,' 'to awaken,' or 'to stir up.' It is often used to describe the act of causing someone or something to stand up, to wake from sleep, or to rise from the dead. It can also refer to stirring up emotions or actions. For example, it might be used in a sentence like 'he raises the child' or 'it awakens the city.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΔΙΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΕΞΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΓΕΙΡΩ comes from an ancient root meaning 'to awaken' or 'to rouse.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G1380

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-sah

Translations: I thought, I seemed, I decided, it seemed good, it was decided

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΔΟΚΕΩ (dokeo), meaning 'to think,' 'to seem,' or 'to appear.' It can also be used impersonally in the third person singular (ΕΔΟΞΕ) to mean 'it seemed good' or 'it was decided.' In the provided examples, the word is not ΕΔΟΞΑ but ΔΕΔΟΞΑΣΤΑΙ, which comes from a different verb, ΔΟΞΑΖΩ (doxazo), meaning 'to glorify.' Therefore, ΕΔΟΞΑ is distinct from the usage in the examples.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΝΟΜΙΖΩ, ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the root ΔΟΚ- (dok-), related to ΔΟΞΑ (doxa, 'opinion, glory'). It originally meant 'to seem' or 'to appear,' leading to meanings of 'to think' or 'to decide.'

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G3478

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: nah-zo-RAI-oo

Translations: of Nazareth, of the Nazarene, of the Nazoraean, of the Nazorean

Notes: This word is an adjective or proper noun, typically used to describe someone or something as being 'from Nazareth' or 'a Nazarene'. It is most famously used in the New Testament to refer to Jesus, indicating his origin from the town of Nazareth. It can also refer to a follower of Jesus.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΑΖΑΡΗΝΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Hebrew word for Nazareth (נָצְרַת, Natzrat), referring to the town in Galilee. The suffix -αῖος is a common Greek adjectival ending indicating origin or belonging.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DEIN

Translations: to be necessary, to be needful, to be proper, to be right, to be fitting, to be binding, to be obligatory, to be due, to be destined, to be fated, to be required, to be compelled, to be obliged, to need, to have to, must, ought

Notes: This is the present active infinitive form of the impersonal verb 'ΔΕΙ'. It means 'to be necessary' or 'it is necessary'. It is often used to express obligation, necessity, or what is proper or destined to happen. It typically takes an infinitive as its subject, indicating what must or ought to be done.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΧΡΗ, ΑΝΑΓΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΝ

G4183

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: POL-lah

Translations: much, many, great, abundant, often, greatly, many things

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many'. As an adjective, 'ΠΟΛΛΑ' typically functions as the neuter plural nominative or accusative, meaning 'many things' or 'much'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'often' or 'greatly'. It is used to indicate a large quantity or frequency.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative (of the adjective ΠΟΛΥΣ); or Adverb

Synonyms: ΠΛΕΙΩΝ, ΙΚΑΝΟΣ

G1727

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: eh-nan-TEE-ah

Translations: opposite, contrary, hostile, adverse, a hostile, an opposite

Notes: This word describes something that is opposite, contrary, or hostile to something else. It can refer to a physical position (facing opposite) or a metaphorical opposition (being against someone or something). It is often used to describe an opposing force, an adversary, or a conflicting idea. In the provided examples, it describes an 'opposite way' or being 'opposite' to someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΧΘΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΔΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἐναντίος (enantios) is derived from the Greek preposition ἐν (en, 'in') and the noun ἀντίος (antios, 'opposite, facing'). It describes something that is 'in opposition' or 'facing against'.

G4160

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-POI-eh-sah

Translations: I did, I made, I created, I produced, I performed

Notes: This word is the first person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō). It signifies a completed action in the past, performed by the speaker. It is commonly used to express the act of doing, making, creating, or performing something. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'I made a house' or 'I did this work'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: hah-GHEE-ohn

Translations: of holy ones, of saints, of holy things

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'hagios', meaning 'holy' or 'sacred'. When used substantively, it refers to 'holy ones' or 'saints'. It describes something belonging to or associated with those who are set apart for God or dedicated to a sacred purpose. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the words of the holy ones' or 'the temple of holy things'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΩΝ, ΟΣΙΩΝ, ΚΑΘΑΡΩΝ

G5438

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foo-LA-kays

Translations: (to) a prison, (to) a guard, (to) a watch, (to) a watch-post, (to) a custody, (to) a keeping

Notes: This word refers to a place of confinement, such as a prison or jail, or to the act of guarding or keeping watch. It can also denote a period of time during which a watch is kept, like a night watch. In a sentence, it would indicate the location or the purpose of an action related to guarding or being confined.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΜΩΤΗΡΙΟΝ, ΤΗΡΗΣΙΣ, ΚΟΥΣΤΩΔΙΑ

G2625

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-teh-KLEE-sah

Translations: I reclined, I lay down, I made to recline

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb κατακλίνω (kataklinō). It means 'I reclined' or 'I lay down,' often referring to the act of taking one's place at a meal, as people in ancient times would recline on couches while eating. It can also mean to make someone else recline.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΚΛΙΝΩ, ΑΝΑΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word κατακλίνω is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against,' and the verb κλίνω (klinō), meaning 'to lean' or 'to recline.'

Part of Speech: Article

Sounds like: TAYN

Translations: the

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-eh-REH-ohn

Translations: of the high priests, of the chief priests

Notes: This word is a compound noun, formed from ΑΡΧΗ (arche, meaning 'first' or 'chief') and ΙΕΡΕΥΣ (hiereus, meaning 'priest'). It refers to the highest-ranking priests, often the heads of the priestly families or the members of the Sanhedrin. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the Jewish religious leaders who held significant authority. It is used in the genitive case to indicate possession or origin, such as 'belonging to the high priests' or 'from the high priests'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΙΕΡΕΙΣ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΤΕΡΟΙ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lah-BOHN

Translations: taking, having taken, receiving, having received, seizing, having seized

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to seize.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred. It often indicates the means or circumstance by which another action takes place. For example, 'having taken the book, he read it' or 'receiving the gift, she smiled.'

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΟΜΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΔΕΞΑΜΕΝΟΣ, ΕΙΛΗΦΩΣ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-roo-MEH-nohne

Translations: of those being taken up, of those being taken away, of those being destroyed, of those being killed

Notes: This word is the genitive plural, present participle, middle/passive voice of the verb 'ανααιρεω' (anaireō). It describes an ongoing action where multiple subjects are either taking themselves up/away (middle voice) or are being taken up/away/destroyed/killed (passive voice). It functions adjectivally, modifying a plural noun in the genitive case, or substantively, meaning 'of those who are being taken up/away/destroyed/killed'.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders, Present Participle, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΛΥΜΕΝΩΝ, ΦΟΝΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G2602

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tee-NENG-kan

Translations: they brought down, they carried down, they cast down, they threw down

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. Together, it means to bring, carry, or cast something downwards. It is used to describe the action of moving something from a higher to a lower position, or to cause something to fall.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G4178

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pol-LAK-is

Translations: often, many times, frequently

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'often' or 'frequently'. It is used to indicate that an action or event occurs on numerous occasions. For example, one might say 'he often visits' or 'it frequently happens'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΧΝΩΣ, ΠΟΛΛΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΛΛΑΚΙΣ' is derived from the adjective 'ΠΟΛΥΣ' (polys), meaning 'much' or 'many', combined with the adverbial suffix '-κις' (-kis), which denotes 'times' or 'on occasions'.

G5097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: tee-mo-ROHN

Translations: avenging, punishing, taking vengeance, chastising

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'avenging' or 'punishing'. It describes someone who is currently engaged in the act of taking vengeance or inflicting punishment. It can be used to describe a person or entity that is acting as an avenger or punisher.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Genitive, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΔΙΚΩΝ, ΚΟΛΑΖΩΝ, ΤΙΝΩΝ

Etymology: From τιμή (timē, 'honor, value') and ὀρέω (oreō, 'to care for, to look after'). The original sense was 'to be a helper, to defend', which evolved to 'to avenge' or 'to punish' someone on behalf of another.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G0318

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-nahng-KAH-zohn

Translations: they compelled, they forced, they constrained, they urged

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to compel,' 'to force,' or 'to constrain.' It describes an action where someone is made to do something against their will or under strong persuasion. It can also imply a strong urging or pressing someone to act. The form provided is a past tense, indicating that the action of compelling or forcing was ongoing or repeated in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΙΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΑΓΚΑΖΩ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: The word ἀναγκάζω (anankazo) comes from the Greek word ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion.' It describes the act of putting someone under such a necessity.

G4057

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: peh-ris-SOHSS

Translations: exceedingly, abundantly, much, greatly, beyond measure, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb used to emphasize the degree or intensity of an action or quality. It indicates something is done or exists to an exceptional or extraordinary extent, often translated as 'exceedingly' or 'abundantly'. It can be used to describe how much something is done or how strong a quality is.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡΕΚΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΥ, ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΛΙΑΝ

Etymology: The word "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΩΣ" is derived from the adjective "ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΣ" (perissos), meaning 'exceeding, abundant, superfluous'.

G1702

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: em-MEH-noh-meh-nos

Translations: remaining in, abiding in, continuing in, persisting in

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ἐμμένω (emmenō), which is a compound of ἐν (en, 'in') and μένω (menō, 'to remain, abide'). It describes someone or something that is in the process of remaining, abiding, or continuing in a particular state, place, or commitment. It emphasizes steadfastness or perseverance.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΜΕΝΩΝ, ΔΙΑΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΡΟΣΜΕΝΩΝ

Etymology: The verb ἐμμένω (emmenō) is formed from the preposition ἐν (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the verb μένω (menō), meaning 'to remain', 'to abide', or 'to stay'. It signifies remaining or abiding within something or someone.

G1377

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DEE-oh-kon

Translations: I was pursuing, I pursued, I was chasing, I chased, I was persecuting, I persecuted, they were pursuing, they pursued, they were chasing, they chased, they were persecuting, they persecuted

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'ΔΙΩΚΩ' (diōkō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It can mean to pursue, chase, follow, or persecute, depending on the context. It implies a continuous effort or a state of being in pursuit. It can be used for physical pursuit or for the pursuit of a goal or ideal, such as righteousness.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΔΙΩΚΩ, ΚΥΝΗΓΕΩ, ΕΠΙΔΙΩΚΩ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G3739

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: OYS

Translations: to whom, to which, to what

Notes: This word is a relative pronoun, meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what'. It is used to introduce a relative clause, connecting it to a noun or pronoun in the main clause. It indicates the indirect object of the verb in the relative clause, showing to whom or to what an action is directed. It can refer to people or things and is used for all genders.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders

Synonyms: ΤΙΣ, ὉΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun and is a common form for relative pronouns across Indo-European languages.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: por-YOO-oh-men-os

Translations: going, walking, traveling, proceeding, a traveler, one who goes

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'going' or 'walking'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is going'). It is often used to describe someone moving from one place to another, or metaphorically, to describe a course of action or way of life.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) is derived from πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way, a passage, a ford'. It signifies movement along a path or journey.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G5228

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-PER

Translations: over, above, for, on behalf of, concerning, beyond, more than

Notes: ΥΠΕΡ is a Koine Greek preposition. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often means 'on behalf of', 'for the sake of', 'concerning', or 'instead of'. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'over', 'above', 'beyond', or 'more than', often indicating position or motion.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΙ, ΠΕΡΙ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *uperi, meaning 'over, above'. It is cognate with English 'over' and Latin 'super'.

G3087

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lam-PRO-tee-tah

Translations: brightness, a brightness, splendor, a splendor, glory, a glory, magnificence, a magnificence

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being bright, radiant, or splendid. It can denote physical brilliance, such as the brightness of light, or metaphorical splendor, like the glory or magnificence of a person, place, or achievement. It is used to describe something that is visually striking or impressive.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΞΑ, ΦΩΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΕΙΟΤΗΣ

G4037

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: peh-ree-LAM-psan

Translations: shining around, flashing around, illuminating, shining brightly around

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from περί (peri), meaning "around" or "about," and λάμπω (lampō), meaning "to shine" or "to give light." Therefore, it means "to shine around" or "to illuminate all around." As a participle, it describes an action of shining that is happening or has happened around something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΠΩ, ΦΩΤΙΖΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning "around" or "about," and the verb λάμπω (lampō), meaning "to shine." The root λάμπω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to shine."

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G4198

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: por-yoo-MEH-noos

Translations: going, traveling, proceeding, walking, a going, a traveling, a proceeding, a walking

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning 'going' or 'traveling'. It describes an action that is currently happening or ongoing. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, but it retains verbal characteristics, such as tense and voice. It is often used to describe someone who is in the process of moving from one place to another.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word πορεύομαι (poreuomai) is derived from πόρος (poros), meaning 'a way, a passage, a ford'. It signifies the act of making one's way or passing through.

G2667

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-tah-peh-SON-tone

Translations: having fallen down, of having fallen down, a having fallen down

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'katapiptō', meaning 'to fall down' or 'to prostrate oneself'. It describes an action that has already occurred. It is often used to indicate a complete or decisive fall, whether literally falling to the ground or collapsing in some other way. It can also imply prostration as an act of worship or submission.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Genitive, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΠΙΠΤΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-koo-sah

Translations: I heard, I did hear, I have heard

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'akouō', meaning 'to hear'. It describes a completed action of hearing in the past, specifically by the speaker ('I'). It is used to state that one has perceived something through sound, or has understood or paid attention to something. For example, 'I heard the voice' or 'I heard what you said'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G3004

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOO-sahn

Translations: saying, speaking, telling, calling, meaning

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing a noun that is performing the action of saying or speaking. It is used to indicate an ongoing action of speaking or stating something, often translated as 'saying' or 'who says'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΣΑΝ, ΦΩΝΟΥΣΑΝ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1258

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-LEK-toh

Translations: (to) language, (to) dialect, (to) speech, a language, a dialect, a speech

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'διάλεκτος'. It refers to a specific language, a dialect, or a particular manner of speaking. In the dative case, it often indicates the means, instrument, or location, so it can be translated as 'by language', 'in language', or 'to language', depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΛΩΣΣΑ, ΛΑΛΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek verb διαλέγομαι (dialegomai), meaning 'to converse' or 'to discuss'. It is formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and λέγω (legō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'.

G4549

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-OOL

Translations: Saul

Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to the first king of Israel, Saul, or to Saul of Tarsus, who later became the Apostle Paul. The apostrophe-like character at the end (keraia) indicates that this word is being used as a numeral, representing the number 200,000. However, in ancient texts, it is far more commonly used as the proper name Saul.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name Saul is of Hebrew origin, meaning 'asked for' or 'prayed for'. It is derived from the Hebrew verb 'sha'al', to ask or inquire.

G4642

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: sklee-ROH

Translations: hard, harsh, severe, difficult, stubborn, unyielding, rough, cruel

Notes: This word describes something that is physically hard or firm, like a stone. Metaphorically, it can refer to something that is difficult to do or understand, or to a person who is stubborn, unyielding, harsh, or cruel in character. It is often used to describe a 'hard heart' or 'hard sayings'.

Inflection: Nominative or Accusative Neuter Singular; or Vocative Masculine or Feminine Singular. It can also function as the stem for compound words.

Synonyms: ΤΡΑΧΥΣ, ΑΥΣΤΗΡΟΣ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΟΣ

Etymology: The etymology of σκληρός is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Proto-Indo-European root *skel- meaning 'to cut, to split, to separate', which could imply a sense of being rigid or unyielding.

G2979

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lak-TID-zane

Translations: to kick, to kick against, to resist

Notes: This verb means to kick, often with the sense of kicking against something or someone. It can be used literally, referring to physical kicking, or metaphorically, implying resistance or opposition, especially against authority or divine will. It describes an act of forceful rejection or defiance.

Inflection: Present Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΑΩ, ΡΗΓΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek λάξ (lax, “with the heel, kicking”) + -ίζω (-izō, verbal suffix).

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pon

Translations: I said, I spoke, said, spoke

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates a completed action in the past, often translated as 'I said' or 'I spoke'. It is a common verb used to report direct or indirect speech.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The aorist stem εἶπον (eîpon) is a suppletive form, meaning it comes from a different root than the present tense forms of 'to say' (like λέγω). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *wekw-, meaning 'to speak'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: AL-lah

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed

Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ

Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G5257

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pee-REH-ten

Translations: servant, a servant, assistant, an assistant, minister, a minister, officer, an officer

Notes: This word refers to a servant, assistant, or minister, often implying someone who serves in a subordinate capacity, especially in public or official duties. It can also refer to an officer or attendant, particularly one who carries out commands or serves a higher authority. It is used in sentences to describe someone who performs a service or acts as an agent for another.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-des

Translations: you saw, you knew, you perceived, you understood

Notes: This word is the second person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'οἶδα' (oida), which means 'to know' or 'to see'. In this specific form, it refers to an action of seeing or knowing that occurred in the past and is completed. It can be used in sentences where someone directly observed or gained knowledge of something.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ

Etymology: The verb 'οἶδα' (oida) is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, meaning 'I know' (literally 'I have seen'). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'.

G649

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pos-TEL-loh

Translations: to send, to send away, to send forth, to dispatch

Notes: This verb means 'to send' or 'to send away'. It is often used in the context of dispatching someone or something for a specific purpose or mission. It can refer to sending people, messages, or objects, and implies a deliberate act of commissioning or delegating.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΜΠΩ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apo, 'from, away from') and στέλλω (stellō, 'to send, to prepare'). It literally means 'to send away from'.

G0455

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-NOO-xai

Translations: to open, to open up, to unseal, to disclose

Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'ἀνοίγω' (anoigō), meaning 'to open'. It describes the action of opening something, such as eyes, a door, or a book, and can also be used metaphorically to mean to disclose or reveal something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΙΓΩ, ΔΙΑΝΟΙΓΩ

Etymology: The word 'ἀνοίγω' (anoigō) is formed from the prefix 'ἀνά' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and 'οἴγω' (oigō), meaning 'to open'.

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-sai

Translations: to turn, to return, to turn back, to turn around, to convert, to restore

Notes: This verb signifies the act of turning or returning, either literally in a physical sense (e.g., turning back to a place) or figuratively (e.g., turning from one way of life to another, converting, or restoring something). It often implies a change of direction, allegiance, or state.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ΕΠΙ (EPI), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΣΤΡΕΦΩ (STREPHO), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-BANE

Translations: to take, to receive, to get, to seize, to grasp, to obtain

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. As an infinitive, it functions like the English 'to take' or 'to receive', indicating the action itself without specifying a subject or tense, often used after other verbs or prepositions. It can refer to physically taking something, receiving a gift or information, or grasping a concept.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *slegh- ('to seize, to take'). In Greek, it developed into 'λαμβάνω', meaning 'to take, to grasp, to receive'.

G0859

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AH-feh-sin

Translations: release, forgiveness, remission, pardon, liberty, a release, a forgiveness, a remission, a pardon, a liberty

Notes: This word refers to a sending away, a letting go, or a dismissal. In a legal or moral context, it signifies release from debt, punishment, or captivity, leading to forgiveness or pardon. It can also refer to freedom or liberty. It is often used in the context of the remission of sins or the release of prisoners.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΙΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ, ΣΥΓΧΩΡΗΣΙΣ

G266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN

Translations: of sins, of a sin

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.

G0037

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hee-gee-as-MEH-noys

Translations: sanctified, holy, consecrated, set apart

Notes: This word describes something or someone that has been made holy, consecrated, or set apart for a sacred purpose. It is often used in a religious context to refer to individuals or objects dedicated to God.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine, Perfect Participle, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΙ, ΚΕΚΑΘΑΡΜΕΝΟΙ, ΑΦΩΡΙΣΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: From ἅγιος (hagios, "holy"), which is of uncertain origin, possibly related to ἅζω (hazō, "to stand in awe of").

G4102

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PIS-tee

Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief, a trust

Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can also denote faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe belief in God or Christ, but also in secular contexts to describe trust or loyalty between people. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the root ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded'. It conveys the idea of being convinced or having confidence in something or someone.

G3606

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: O-THEN

Translations: from where, whence, wherefore, therefore, for which reason

Notes: This word is an adverb that can indicate either origin or consequence. It is used to ask or state 'from where' something comes or originates. It can also be used to mean 'therefore' or 'for which reason', indicating a logical conclusion or cause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟ, ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the demonstrative stem *ho- (meaning 'this' or 'that') combined with the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or source. It is related to other adverbs of place and origin in Greek.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-geh-NOH-meen

Translations: became, happened, was, came to pass, was made, came into being, was born

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΕΓΕΝΟΜΗΝ (egenomen), which is the first person singular, aorist indicative, middle voice of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai). It means 'I became', 'I happened', 'I was', or 'I came to pass'. It describes an event that occurred or a state that came into existence. It can also mean 'I was born' or 'I was made'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born'. It is related to the English words 'kin' and 'genesis'.

G0005

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-pee-THAYS

Translations: disobedient, unbelieving, unpersuadable

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is disobedient, unpersuadable, or unbelieving. It is often used to characterize those who refuse to be convinced or to obey, indicating a stubborn or rebellious disposition.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΙΘΗΣ, ΑΠΕΙΘΩΝ

Etymology: This word is derived from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-) meaning 'not' and 'πειθω' (peitho) meaning 'to persuade' or 'to obey'. Thus, it literally means 'not persuaded' or 'not obeying'.

G3770

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: oo-RAH-nee-oh

Translations: (to) heavenly, (to) celestial, (to) divine, (to) spiritual

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'heavenly' or 'celestial'. It describes something that pertains to the heavens, originates from heaven, or is of a divine nature. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating their connection to the spiritual or celestial realm rather than the earthly. In the provided examples, it is used in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' something heavenly.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΟΥΡΑΝΙΟΣ, ΘΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΡΑΝΙΟΣ (ouranios) is derived from ΟΥΡΑΝΟΣ (ouranos), meaning 'heaven' or 'sky'. It describes something belonging to or coming from the sky or heaven.

G3705

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: op-ta-SEE-ah

Translations: vision, apparition, sight, a vision, an apparition, a sight

Notes: This word refers to a vision, an apparition, or something seen, often in a supernatural or divine context. It describes the act of seeing or the thing that is seen, particularly a supernatural appearance.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΜΑ, ΘΕΑ

Etymology: The word ΟΠΤΑΣΙΑ derives from the Greek verb ΟΠΤΟΜΑΙ (optomai), meaning 'to see' or 'to appear'. It describes the act or result of seeing, particularly a supernatural or divine manifestation.

G1154

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: dah-MAS-koh

Translations: Damascus, (to) Damascus, (in) Damascus

Notes: This word refers to Damascus, an ancient city in Syria. It is a proper noun, indicating a specific place. In the provided context, it is used with a preposition (ἐν, 'in') to indicate location, meaning 'in Damascus'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Damascus' is of ancient Semitic origin, with its roots in Aramaic and Akkadian languages. It has been known by various forms throughout history, consistently referring to the prominent city in Syria.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-pang-GEL-lon

Translations: they were reporting, they were announcing, they were bringing back word, they were telling

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apaggellō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. The verb means 'to report,' 'to announce,' 'to bring back word,' or 'to tell.' It is often used in contexts where a message or news is being conveyed from one person or group to another.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΕΞΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb ἀπαγγέλλω (apaggellō) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ἀγγέλλω (aggellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report.' Thus, it literally means 'to announce from' or 'to report from a source.'

G3340

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-no-EIN

Translations: to repent, to change one's mind, to feel remorse, to turn from sin

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and 'νοέω' (noeo), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'. Together, it signifies a change of mind or purpose, often implying a turning away from past actions or beliefs, particularly from sin. It is commonly used in a religious context to describe a spiritual transformation or a turning back to God.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΝΟΕΩ (noeo), meaning 'to perceive, to think, to understand'. The combination suggests a change in one's way of thinking or understanding.

G1994

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ee-STREF-in

Translations: to turn, to turn back, to return, to turn around, to convert, to restore

Notes: This word, 'EPISTREPHIN', appears to be a misspelling or a non-standard/late form of the Koine Greek infinitive 'EPISTREPHEIN' (ἐπιστρέφειν). The verb 'epistrephō' generally means to turn, turn back, or return, often implying a change of direction, mind, or allegiance. It can be used literally for physical movement or metaphorically for spiritual conversion or repentance. It describes the act of turning from one state or path to another.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: The word 'epistrephō' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (ἐπί), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb 'strephō' (στρέφω), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn upon' or 'to turn towards'.

G0514

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ax-EE-ah

Translations: worth, value, dignity, merit, desert, due, a worth, a value

Notes: This word refers to the inherent worth, value, or dignity of a person or thing. It can also denote what is due or fitting, often in the sense of desert or merit. It is used to describe the quality of being worthy or deserving.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Plural, Accusative; Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΙΜΗ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΚΑΤΑΞΙΩΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'ἄξιος' (axios), meaning 'worthy' or 'deserving'. It is related to the verb 'ἄγω' (ago), meaning 'to lead' or 'to weigh', suggesting the idea of being 'of weight' or 'of value'.

G3341

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-tah-NOY-ahs

Translations: of repentance, of a change of mind, of a change of heart

Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or repentance. It signifies a fundamental shift in one's thinking, attitude, or direction, often implying a moral or spiritual transformation. It is frequently used in contexts of turning away from sin and towards God. It is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'after' or 'with', and 'νοέω' (noeo), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: PRAS-son-tas

Translations: doing, practicing, performing, acting, carrying out, dealing with, managing, exacting

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'πράσσω' (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to perform'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in an action or practice. It can refer to carrying out a task, performing a deed, or dealing with a situation. In the provided examples, it describes those who are 'doing' or 'practicing' certain behaviors, such as 'doing something with insolence and arrogance' or 'doing such things'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΟΥΝΤΑΣ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΤΕΛΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G1752

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EH-neh-kah

Translations: because of, on account of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that means 'because of,' 'on account of,' or 'for the sake of.' It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, indicating the reason or purpose for something. For example, one might say 'ΕΝΕΚΑ ΤΟΥ ΝΟΜΟΥ' (heneka tou nomou) meaning 'because of the law.'

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ, ΧΑΡΙΝ

Etymology: From an obsolete noun meaning 'cause' or 'reason'. It is related to the Greek word 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'.

G4822

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soo-lah-boo-MEH-noy

Translations: taking with, seizing, helping, assisting, conceiving, becoming pregnant

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (with, together) and 'λαμβάνω' (to take, seize). It generally means to take or seize together with someone or something, to help or assist, or to conceive (become pregnant). Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often implying cooperation or joint action.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Middle/Passive, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΕΩ, ΒΟΗΘΕΩ

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G1236

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-khee-ROH-sah-sthai

Translations: to manage, to administer, to handle, to take in hand, to dispose of, to put to death, to kill

Notes: This word means to manage or administer something, often implying a hands-on approach. In some contexts, it can also mean to take matters into one's own hands, leading to the sense of putting someone to death or killing them. The meaning depends on the context, often referring to the handling of affairs or the violent handling of a person.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΙΚΕΩ, ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΤΕΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and χειρίζω (cheirizō), meaning 'to handle' or 'to manage', which itself comes from χείρ (cheir), meaning 'hand'. Thus, it literally means 'to handle through' or 'to manage by hand'.

G5177

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: too-KHOHN

Translations: having obtained, obtaining, happening, being, a chance, a common, an ordinary

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb τυγχάνω (tynchanō), meaning 'to happen,' 'to obtain,' or 'to meet with.' As a participle, it can function adjectivally, adverbially, or substantively. When used substantively, it can refer to 'one who happens' or 'an ordinary person' (e.g., 'a common person'). It often implies something that occurs by chance or is readily available.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩΝ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩΝ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. It means 'until' when referring to a point in time, or 'up to' and 'as far as' when referring to a spatial limit or extent. It can also mean 'even to' or 'even including'. It is often followed by the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΝΕΥ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G1263

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: dee-ah-mar-too-ROH-meh-nos

Translations: testifying, bearing witness, solemnly charging, solemnly affirming, earnestly warning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'diamartyreo', meaning to testify, bear witness, or solemnly charge. It describes an action of giving a strong, earnest, or solemn testimony or warning. It is often used to emphasize the seriousness or importance of the witness being given, or the charge being made.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ, ΕΠΙΜΑΡΤΥΡΕΩ

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: mee-KROH

Translations: a little, shortly, small, little

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'small' or 'little'. In the dative case, as seen here, it often functions adverbially, meaning 'by a little' or 'a little bit'. When used with 'πρότερον' (earlier), it translates to 'a little earlier' or 'shortly before'. It describes a small quantity, degree, or duration.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'.

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: oo-DEN

Translations: nothing, no one, none, a nothing, not even one, no

Notes: This word means "nothing" or "no one." It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something. It can function as a pronoun, meaning "nothing" or "no one," or as an adjective, meaning "no" or "not even one" when modifying a noun. It is a compound word formed from the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, "not") and ΔΕΝ (den, an emphatic particle).

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΗΔΕΝ, ΟΥΔΕΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΝ is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥ (ou), meaning "not," and ΔΕΝ (den), an emphatic particle. It emphasizes a complete negation.

G1622

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EK-toss

Translations: outside, without, out of, except, besides

Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'outside' or 'without', indicating a location or state of being external to something. It can also be used as a preposition, often with the genitive case, to mean 'out of', 'except', or 'besides', indicating exclusion or a boundary.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΞΩ, ΠΑΡΕΞ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of', combined with the suffix -τος, forming an adverb of place.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tai

Translations: prophets, (to) prophets, (of) prophets

Notes: This word refers to individuals who speak on behalf of God or a deity, often foretelling future events or delivering divine messages. In Koine Greek, it is a masculine noun. The form 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΑΙ' is the plural form, which can function as nominative (the subject of a sentence), dative (indicating to whom or for whom something is done), or vocative (used for direct address).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΛΟΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks before' or 'one who speaks for' (another).

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAH-lay-san

Translations: they spoke, they said, they talked, they declared, they preached

Notes: The word ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΛΕΩ (laleō). This verb generally means 'to speak,' 'to say,' or 'to talk.' It can refer to uttering sounds, speaking a language, or engaging in conversation. In a broader sense, it can also mean to declare, proclaim, or preach, especially in a religious context. The aorist tense indicates a completed action in the past, so ΕΛΑΛΗΣΑΝ means 'they spoke' or 'they said' as a definite, completed event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΗΜΙ, ΕΙΠΩΝ

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-toh

Translations: about to, going to, intending, destined to, future, (of) those about to

Notes: ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΩ is the genitive plural form of the present active participle of the verb ΜΕΛΛΩ. It indicates an action that is imminent, about to happen, or intended. It can also describe something that is destined to occur or refers to the future. When used with a genitive noun, it translates as 'of those about to' or 'of the ones who are going to'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΤΟΙΜΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ghee-NES-thai

Translations: to become, to happen, to be, to come into being, to be born, to arise, to come to pass

Notes: This verb is very common in Koine Greek and has a broad range of meanings, primarily related to something coming into existence, happening, or changing state. It can describe a process of becoming, an event taking place, or a person being born. It is often used impersonally to mean 'it happened' or 'it came to pass'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΑΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵenh₁-, meaning 'to produce, beget, give birth'. It is related to words like 'genesis' and 'generate' in English.

G3805

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-THEE-tos

Translations: subject to suffering, capable of suffering, passible

Notes: This word describes something or someone that is capable of experiencing suffering, pain, or emotion. It implies a vulnerability to external influences or internal feelings, indicating that the subject can be affected or acted upon. It is often used in theological contexts to describe the nature of Christ, indicating his ability to suffer.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΑΘΗΣ, ΕΠΙΔΕΚΤΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb πάσχω (paschō), meaning 'to suffer, to experience'. The suffix -τος (-tos) forms adjectives indicating capability or susceptibility.

G5547

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: khree-STOS

Translations: Christ, the Anointed One, the Messiah

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ (CHRISTOS). It refers to Christ, the Anointed One, or the Messiah. It is primarily used as a title for Jesus, indicating his role as the divinely appointed deliverer.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΕΣΣΙΑΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb χρίω (chrio), meaning 'to anoint'. It refers to someone who has been consecrated or set apart by anointing, a practice common in ancient Israel for kings, priests, and prophets.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: PRO-tos

Translations: first, a first, chief, principal, foremost, the first

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, rank, or importance. It can be used as an adjective to describe a noun, or it can be used substantively (as a noun) to refer to 'the first one' or 'the chief person/thing'. It indicates precedence or priority.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: From a superlative form of the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- (forward, before). It is related to the English word 'prior'.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G0386

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-STA-seh-ohs

Translations: of resurrection, of a resurrection, of rising again, of a rising again, of a standing up

Notes: This word refers to the act of rising up, either literally from a seated or prone position, or figuratively, as in a spiritual or physical resurrection from death. It is commonly used in the context of the resurrection of the dead, particularly in Christian theology, referring to the belief that people will rise again after death. It can also refer to a general uprising or revolt.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: EGERIS, ANABASIS

Etymology: The word ἀνάστασις (anastasis) is a compound word formed from the Greek preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'a standing up again' or 'a rising up'.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

G2605

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tang-GEL-lin

Translations: to proclaim, to announce, to declare, to preach, to tell, to make known

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against' but here intensifying) and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'). It means to proclaim or announce something publicly and emphatically, often with authority or a sense of mission. It is used to describe the act of making a message widely known, such as preaching the gospel or declaring a truth.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ is a compound verb derived from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against' (here used to intensify the action), and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō), meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'.

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-lo-goo-MEH-noo

Translations: defending oneself, making a defense, giving an account, answering, speaking in defense, apologizing

Notes: This word is the middle/passive participle of the verb 'apologeomai', meaning 'to speak in defense of oneself' or 'to make a defense'. It describes the action of someone who is presenting an argument or explanation in their own defense, often in a legal or formal context. It can also imply giving an account or justification for one's actions.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Genitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΙΑ, ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G5456

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: foh-NAY

Translations: voice, sound, noise, a voice, a sound, a noise

Notes: This word refers to a voice, a sound, or a noise. It is commonly used to describe the sound produced by living beings, such as a human voice or the sound of an animal, but can also refer to inanimate sounds like thunder or the sound of a trumpet. It is a feminine noun.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΧΟΣ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (to speak, tell, say). Cognate with Latin fari (to speak) and English ban.

G5346

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PHAY-sin

Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said

Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G3137

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: mah-NEE-an

Translations: madness, a madness, frenzy, a frenzy, rage, a rage

Notes: This word refers to a state of mental derangement, frenzy, or intense passion. It describes a loss of self-control, irrational behavior, or a fit of rage. It is often used to denote a strong, uncontrollable emotion or mental state.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΞΥΣΜΟΣ, ΘΥΜΟΣ, ΟΡΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΝΙΑ (mania) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- (to think, to have one's mind aroused). It is related to words signifying mental states, often those involving excitement or derangement.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3145

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: MAI-noh-meh

Translations: raging, being mad, being furious, being insane, being beside oneself

Notes: This word describes a state of intense mental or emotional disturbance, often characterized by madness, rage, or fury. It is used to convey being out of one's mind or acting in an irrational, violent, or uncontrolled manner. In the provided context, 'ΜΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ' (mainomenous) is a participle, meaning 'raging ones' or 'those who are raging', referring to the 'waves of passions'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΦΡΟΝΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΦΡΟΝΕΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΜΑΙΝΩ' (mainō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *men- meaning 'to think, to be mentally agitated'. It is related to words concerning the mind and mental states, often with a connotation of strong emotion or irrationality.

G4997

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soh-froh-SOO-nays

Translations: of self-control, of temperance, of soundness of mind, of prudence, of moderation, of discretion

Notes: This word refers to the quality of self-control, temperance, or soundness of mind. It describes a state of being moderate, prudent, and discreet in one's thoughts and actions, often implying a balanced and disciplined approach to life. It is used to describe the virtue of being in control of one's passions and desires.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΡΑΤΕΙΑ, ΝΗΦΑΛΙΟΤΗΣ, ΦΡΟΝΗΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΣΩΦΡΟΣΥΝΗ (sōphrosynē) is derived from the Greek words σῶς (sōs), meaning 'safe' or 'sound', and φρήν (phrēn), meaning 'mind' or 'intellect'. Thus, it literally means 'soundness of mind' or 'safety of mind', evolving to signify self-control and prudence.

G669

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-poph-THENG-goh-my

Translations: to speak out, to declare, to utter, to pronounce

Notes: This verb means to speak out, declare, or utter something, often with a sense of solemnity, inspiration, or authority. It implies a clear and distinct articulation of words, often in a public or significant context. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΦΘΕΓΓΟΜΑΙ (PHTHEGGOMAI), meaning 'to utter a sound' or 'to speak'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Indicative, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΦΘΕΓΓΟΜΑΙ (PHTHEGGOMAI), which means 'to utter a sound' or 'to speak'. The combination suggests speaking forth or uttering from oneself.

G0935

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: bah-see-LEHFS

Translations: king, a king, ruler, sovereign

Notes: This word refers to a king or a ruler, someone who holds supreme authority over a territory or people. It is commonly used to denote a monarch or sovereign. In a sentence, it would function as a noun, often as the subject or object, indicating the person in power.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ

Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a word meaning 'base' or 'foundation', suggesting one who stands at the foundation of power or authority. It has been used since ancient Greek times to refer to a monarch.

G3955

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: par-ray-see-ah-ZOH-meh-nos

Translations: speaking boldly, speaking freely, having confidence, being courageous

Notes: This word describes the act of speaking openly, freely, and with boldness, often implying a sense of confidence, courage, or frankness. It can be used to describe someone who is not afraid to express their thoughts or beliefs, even in challenging circumstances. It is a compound word derived from 'πᾶς' (all) and 'ῥῆσις' (speech), literally meaning 'all speech' or 'speaking everything'.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΑΡΡΕΩ, ΤΟΛΜΑΩ

G2980

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-LOH

Translations: I speak, I say, I talk, I tell

Notes: This verb means to speak, say, or talk. It can refer to uttering sounds, expressing thoughts, or communicating information. It is often used in the context of public speaking, teaching, or giving a message. It can also refer to the act of making a sound, even by animals or inanimate objects.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΦΩΝΕΩ, ΕΙΠΩ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be an onomatopoeic word, imitating the sound of babbling or chattering.

G2990

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lan-THA-nin

Translations: to escape notice, to be hidden, to be unknown, to forget, to be unobserved

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb λανθάνω. It means 'to escape notice' or 'to be hidden/unknown'. It can also imply 'to forget' in certain contexts, particularly when something is done without one's knowledge or awareness. It is often used with an accusative object to indicate that someone or something escapes the notice of another.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΚΡΥΠΤΩ, ΛΗΘΩ, ΑΓΝΟΕΩ

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PI-tho-mai

Translations: I am persuaded, I obey, I trust, I believe, I yield, I am convinced

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'peitho' (πείθω) in the middle or passive voice. In the active voice, 'peitho' means 'to persuade.' However, in the middle or passive voice, as seen here, it takes on the meaning of being persuaded, obeying, trusting, or believing. It describes the state of being convinced or yielding to someone or something.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G3762

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-then

Translations: nothing, no one, not anything, a nothing

Notes: This word means 'nothing' or 'no one'. It is an alternative form of 'οὐδέν' (ouden) and functions as a negative pronoun or adjective. It is used to express the complete absence or non-existence of something or someone. For example, it can be used in sentences like 'he has nothing' or 'there is no one'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΝ, ΜΗΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΔΕΙΣ (oudeis) is a compound of ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and ΔΕΙΣ (deis, 'one', related to εἷς, heis). It literally means 'not even one' or 'not one'.

G4238

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pep-RAG-me-non

Translations: done, performed, accomplished, a deed, a thing done, a thing performed

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb πράσσω (prassō), meaning 'to do' or 'to accomplish.' As a participle, it describes something that has been completed or carried out. In its neuter singular form, as seen here, it often functions as a noun meaning 'a deed' or 'a thing done,' referring to an action or event that has already taken place.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Perfect, Passive

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΠΟΙΗΜΑ, ΠΡΑΞΙΣ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OY-dah

Translations: to know, to understand, to perceive, to be aware of

Notes: This verb means 'to know' or 'to understand'. It is a perfect tense form that is used with a present meaning, indicating a state of knowing or having come to know. It can refer to knowing facts, understanding concepts, or being acquainted with people or things. It often implies a deep, experiential knowledge rather than mere intellectual acquaintance.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to the English word 'wit'. It originally meant 'to have seen' (perfect tense of 'to see'), and thus 'to know' (from having seen).

G3641

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: o-LI-go

Translations: to a few, to a little, with a little, by a little, a little

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'little' or 'few'. In this form, it is the dative singular, which can indicate the indirect object, means, or instrument. It is often used to describe a small quantity or number of something, or to indicate that something is done 'with a little' or 'by a little' of something else. For example, 'with a little wine' or 'to a few people'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ὀλίγος (oligos) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small' or 'few'.

G3982

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pi-THEIS

Translations: to persuade, to convince, to trust, to obey, to yield, to be persuaded, to be convinced, to be confident, to rely on

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'peitho', meaning to persuade or to trust. It can refer to the act of convincing someone or being convinced oneself, and also to the act of trusting or obeying. Its meaning can shift depending on whether it is used in the active or passive voice.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular; or Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Feminine, Singular; or Aorist, Active, Participle, Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΩ

G2172

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: YOOK-sah-meen

Translations: I prayed, I vowed, I wished

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist middle indicative form of the verb εὔχομαι (euchomai). It means 'I prayed' or 'I vowed' in the past. It describes a completed action of making a prayer, a wish, or a solemn vow. It is often used in contexts of addressing God or making a commitment.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Middle, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ, ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΙΤΕΩ

Etymology: The verb εὔχομαι (euchomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak solemnly, to vow, to pray'. It is related to words signifying 'speech' or 'vow' in other Indo-European languages.

G2172

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-KSAI-meen

Translations: I would wish, I would pray, I might wish, I might pray

Notes: This is a verb form derived from the root 'ΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ', which means 'to pray' or 'to wish'. This specific form expresses a wish or a prayer that is contingent or hypothetical, often translated with 'would' or 'might'. It conveys a sense of possibility or desire rather than a direct command or statement of fact. It is used to express a strong desire or a fervent wish.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Optative, Aorist, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΔΕΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΟΜΑΙ

G0302

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: AN

Translations: if, perhaps, whatever, whenever, whoever, wherever, however, as soon as, until, before

Notes: This word is a conditional particle used to express possibility, contingency, or indefiniteness. It is often used with the subjunctive mood to form conditional clauses, indicating that an action or state is dependent on a certain condition. It can also be combined with other words to form indefinite relative pronouns or adverbs, such as 'whoever', 'whatever', or 'whenever'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΟΤΑΝ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The particle 'an' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂en- meaning 'on, at'. It is an ancient Greek particle that has been used since classical times.

G3441

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: MO-no

Translations: only, alone, single, a single, merely

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'only' or 'alone', describing a singular entity or state. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. For example, it can describe someone who is by themselves, or an action that is done exclusively in one way.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular (adjective); Does not inflect (adverb)

Synonyms: ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΕΙΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *mon- (alone, single).

G191

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ah-KOO-on-tas

Translations: hearing, listening, obeying

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ἀκούω' (akouō), meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing. In this form, it refers to 'those who are hearing' or 'those who are listening' or 'those who are obeying'. It can be used to describe people or things that are in the act of perceiving sound or giving heed.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΑΣ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ge-NEH-sthai

Translations: to become, to be, to happen, to come to pass, to arise, to be made, to be born

Notes: This word is the aorist middle infinitive form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It signifies the action of coming into being, happening, or being made. It can also mean to be born or to arise. As an infinitive, it often functions like 'to become' or 'to happen' in English, frequently used after verbs that express desire, ability, or necessity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

G5108

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toy-OO-tooss

Translations: such, such a kind, such as these, such people

Notes: This word is a demonstrative adjective meaning 'such' or 'of such a kind'. It is used to refer to persons or things that have been previously mentioned or are implied by the context. It describes the quality or nature of something, indicating that it is of the type or character just described or understood.

Inflection: Masculine or Feminine, Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΤΟΣΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the correlative particle 'τοῖος' (such).

G3697

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: oh-POY-oss

Translations: what sort of, what kind of, of what kind, of what sort, such as, whoever, whatever

Notes: This word functions as an interrogative or relative adjective or pronoun. As an interrogative, it asks about the quality or kind of something, meaning 'what sort of' or 'of what kind'. As a relative, it refers back to a previously mentioned quality or kind, meaning 'such as' or 'whoever/whatever kind'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies or replaces.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΠΟΙΟΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the interrogative stem 'πο-' (po-) meaning 'what' and the relative stem 'ο-' (o-) meaning 'who/which', combined with the suffix '-ιος' (-ios) indicating quality. It is related to words like 'οἷος' (hoios) and 'ποῖος' (poios).

G3954

Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: par-EK-tos

Translations: except, besides, apart from, without

Notes: This word functions as an adverb or a preposition. As an adverb, it means 'except' or 'besides'. As a preposition, it takes the genitive case and means 'apart from' or 'without', indicating exclusion or separation from something. It is often used to introduce an exception to a general statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΝ, ΧΩΡΙΣ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek παρά (pará, 'beside, by') and ἐκτός (ektós, 'outside'). It literally means 'outside beside' or 'outside of'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-MOHN

Translations: ruler, a ruler, governor, a governor, leader, a leader, chief, a chief, commander, a commander, prince, a prince

Notes: This word refers to a leader, ruler, or governor. It can denote someone in a position of authority, such as a provincial governor appointed by a higher power, or a general leading an army. It can also refer to someone who guides or leads in a more general sense, like a chief or a guide.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΚΥΡΙΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to guide'. The suffix -μων (-mōn) indicates an agent or instrument, thus 'one who leads'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G0959

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ber-NEE-kay

Translations: Bernice

Notes: Bernice was a common name for women in the Hellenistic period, particularly among royalty. The most notable Bernice in historical and biblical contexts was the daughter of Herod Agrippa I and sister of Herod Agrippa II. She was known for her relationships with various Roman figures, including the emperor Titus.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name Bernice is of Macedonian Greek origin, derived from the Greek words 'pherō' (to bring) and 'nikē' (victory), meaning 'bringer of victory'. It was a popular name among the Ptolemaic dynasty.

G0399

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: an-akh-oh-REE-san-tes

Translations: having departed, having withdrawn, having gone away, having retired

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'anachoreo', meaning 'to depart' or 'to withdraw'. It describes an action of moving away from a place or situation, often implying a retreat, retirement, or a simple act of leaving. It is used to indicate that the subject has completed the action of departing.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ, ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΧΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΧΩΡΕΩ is a compound word formed from the preposition ΑΝΑ (ANA), meaning 'up' or 'back', and the verb ΧΩΡΕΩ (CHOREO), meaning 'to make room, to go, to proceed'. Thus, it literally means 'to go back' or 'to withdraw'.

G4238

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PRAS-see

Translations: to do, to perform, to practice, to accomplish, to act

Notes: This word means to do, perform, or practice something, often implying a continuous or habitual action. It can also mean to accomplish or carry out a task. It describes the act of engaging in an activity or bringing something to completion.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word comes from an ancient Greek root meaning 'to pass through' or 'to travel', which evolved to mean 'to do' or 'to accomplish' through the idea of 'passing through' a task or action.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-throh-pohs

Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person, mankind, humanity

Notes: This word refers to a human being, a person, or mankind in general. It is a common noun used to denote any individual of the human species, regardless of gender, though it is often translated as 'man' in a generic sense. It can be used to distinguish humans from God or from animals.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΤΙΣ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning "upward-looking" or "earth-faced."

G3778

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-le-LYS-thai

Translations: to be released, to be set free, to be dismissed, to be sent away, to be divorced

Notes: This word is the perfect infinitive passive form of the verb 'apolyo'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past and whose result continues into the present, indicating a state of having been released or dismissed. It can be used in various contexts, such as being released from prison, dismissed from a gathering, or even divorced from a spouse.

Inflection: Perfect, Infinitive, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΕΝΑΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word ἀπολύω (apolyo) is a compound of ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and λύω (lyo), meaning 'to loose' or 'to set free'. Thus, it literally means 'to loose from' or 'to set free from'.

G1410

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DY-nah-toh

Translations: was able, could, had power, was strong enough

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. It describes the capacity or capability of someone or something to perform an action or to possess a certain quality. It is often used in past tense contexts, indicating that someone 'was able' or 'could' do something. It can also imply having the inherent strength or authority to act.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΔΥΝΑΜΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΥΝΑΜΑΙ (dynamai) comes from the Greek word ΔΥΝΑΜΙΣ (dynamis), meaning 'power' or 'strength'. It is related to concepts of inherent ability and capability.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1941