2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G2597

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-TE-bee

Translations: he went down, he descended

Notes: This word means 'he went down' or 'he descended'. It describes the action of moving from a higher place to a lower one. It is typically used in past tense contexts to indicate that someone or something completed the action of descending.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ is a compound of the prefix ΚΑΤΑ (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ΒΑΙΝΩ (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G0749

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ar-khee-e-REH-oos

Translations: high priest, a high priest, chief priest, a chief priest

Notes: This word refers to the chief religious official in ancient Israel, responsible for leading the temple worship and performing the most sacred rituals, especially on the Day of Atonement. It is a compound word formed from 'ΑΡΧΗ' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΩΝ, ΠΡΩΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'ΑΡΧΗ' (arche), meaning 'chief' or 'first', and 'ΙΕΡΕΥΣ' (hiereus), meaning 'priest'. It describes the principal or leading priest.

G0367

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-NEE-ahs

Translations: Ananias

Notes: Ananias is a proper noun, a masculine personal name of Hebrew origin, meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious' or 'the Lord is gracious'. It appears in the New Testament as the name of several individuals, including a member of the early Christian community in Jerusalem who, along with his wife Sapphira, was struck dead for lying to the Holy Spirit, and a disciple in Damascus who was sent by God to restore Saul's (Paul's) sight. It is used to refer to a specific person.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: From Hebrew Hananiah (חֲנַנְיָה), meaning 'Yahweh has been gracious'. It is a common name in the Old Testament and continued into the New Testament period.

G4245

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pres-by-TEH-roh

Translations: older, elder, an elder, older person, an older person

Notes: This word describes someone who is older in age or more advanced in years. It can also refer to an 'elder' in a community or religious context, indicating a position of authority or respect due to age and experience. It is often used to distinguish between younger and older individuals, or to denote leaders within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΓΕΡΩΝ, ΠΡΕΣΒΥΣ

Etymology: The word comes from the comparative form of the adjective πρέσβυς (presbys), meaning 'old' or 'aged'.

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G4489

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HRAY-tor-os

Translations: of an orator, of a speaker, of a public speaker

Notes: This word refers to a public speaker, an orator, or a rhetorician. It is used to describe someone skilled in the art of speaking, especially in public or before a court. The form 'ΡΗΤΟΡΟΣ' is the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of an orator' or 'belonging to an orator'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΛΟΓΙΟΣ, ΕΥΦΩΝΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to flow', referring to the flow of words. It describes one who speaks or flows with words.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: TI-nos

Translations: of someone, of something, of anyone, of anything, of a certain one, of a certain thing, of what, of whom, whose

Notes: ΤΙΝΟΣ is the genitive singular form of the indefinite or interrogative pronoun 'τις'. As an indefinite pronoun, it refers to an unspecified person or thing, often translated as 'someone' or 'something'. As an interrogative pronoun, it asks about the identity or nature of a person or thing, translated as 'whose' or 'of what'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΙΝΩΝ, ΤΙΝΙ, ΤΙΝΑ

G2232

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hay-geh-mo-NEE

Translations: leadership, rule, authority, sovereignty, a leadership, a rule, an authority, a sovereignty

Notes: This word refers to the act or state of leading, ruling, or having authority. It denotes a position of command or governance. It is used to describe the exercise of power or dominion over others.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΚΥΡΙΟΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΗΓΕΜΩΝ (hegemon), meaning 'leader' or 'commander'. It describes the state or quality of being a leader.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G2564

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: klee-THEN-tos

Translations: (of) having been called, (of) being called, (of) one who was called

Notes: This word is the genitive singular masculine or neuter form of the aorist passive participle of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to invite'. It describes someone or something that has been called or invited. It functions like an adjective or a noun, indicating possession or relationship, as in 'of the one who was called'.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΣΘΕΝΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΛΗΜΕΝΟΥ

Etymology: The word 'καλέω' (kaleō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kelh₁-, meaning 'to shout, to call'.

G0756

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EER-xah-toh

Translations: began, started, commenced

Notes: This is the aorist middle/passive indicative form of the verb 'archomai' (to begin). It signifies an action that began in the past, often used to introduce the start of an event or a series of actions. It can also mean 'to rule' or 'to be first', but in this form, it almost exclusively means 'to begin'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From the Greek word 'archē' (ἀρχή), meaning 'beginning' or 'rule'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G1515

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ei-REE-nes

Translations: of peace, of quietness, of rest, of prosperity

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'eirene,' meaning peace. It refers to a state of tranquility, quietness, rest, or prosperity. In Koine Greek, the genitive case often indicates possession, origin, or a relationship 'of' something. Thus, 'eirenes' would typically be translated as 'of peace' or 'belonging to peace,' indicating a quality or state associated with peace.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΗΕΡΕΜΙΑΣ, ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

G5177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: TIN-kha-no-tes

Translations: obtaining, having obtained, happening, occurring, meeting, encountering, reaching, attaining, receiving, getting, being, existing

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb ΤΥΓΧΑΝΩ. It describes an action of obtaining, happening, or meeting. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb and indicating an ongoing or completed action. It can convey the sense of 'those who obtain,' 'those who happen,' or 'those who meet.' Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, often implying the successful acquisition of something or the occurrence of an event.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ghee-no-MEH-non

Translations: of things happening, of events, of things being done, of things occurring, of those coming into being

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), which means 'to become,' 'to happen,' 'to come into being,' or 'to be done.' In this form, it describes things that are currently happening or coming into existence. As a genitive plural, it often refers to 'of the things that are happening' or 'of the events.' It can be used to describe ongoing processes or occurrences.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Genitive, Plural, Masculine/Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΡΓΩΝ, ΠΡΑΓΜΑΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of generation, birth, or becoming.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nee

Translations: to the nation, to the people, to the Gentiles, to the heathen

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ἔθνος' (ethnos). It refers to a nation, a people, or a group of people, often with a connotation of being distinct from others, such as the Jewish people or the Gentiles (non-Jews). In its dative form, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of an action, meaning 'to the nation' or 'for the people'. It can also refer to a tribe or a race.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟϹ, ΓΕΝΟϹ

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G3841

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: PAN-tah-KHOO

Translations: everywhere, on every side, in all places

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'everywhere' or 'in all places'. It indicates that something is present or occurring in all locations or directions. It is used to describe the widespread nature of an action or state.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΑΝΤΗ, ΠΑΝΤΟΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'πανταχοῦ' (pantachou) is an adverb formed from the stem 'παντ-' (pant-), meaning 'all' or 'every', combined with the adverbial suffix '-αχου' (-achou), which denotes 'where' or 'in what place'.

G2169

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: yoo-kha-ris-TEE-as

Translations: (of) thanksgiving, (of) gratitude, (of) thankfulness, (of) giving of thanks, thanksgivings, gratitudes, thankfulnesses, givings of thanks

Notes: This word refers to the act of giving thanks, expressing gratitude, or thankfulness. It is often used in a religious context to describe an act of worship or praise to God. It can also refer to the state of being grateful. In this form, it is either the genitive singular, indicating possession or origin (e.g., 'of thanksgiving'), or the accusative plural, indicating the direct object of an action (e.g., 'thanksgivings').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine or Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΙΑ, ΔΟΞΑ

G2443

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: EE-nah

Translations: in order that, that, so that, to

Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-ee-on

Translations: more, greater, longer, a longer time, the majority, the greater part, a greater thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the comparative adjective 'πλείων' (pleiōn), meaning 'more' or 'greater'. It is used to indicate a larger quantity, degree, or duration of something. It can function as an adjective modifying a neuter noun, or as an adverb meaning 'more' or 'longer'. When used with a definite article, it can mean 'the majority' or 'the greater part'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΜΕΙΖΩΝ, ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ

G1465

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-KOP-toh

Translations: hinder, impede, cut off, delay, obstruct, prevent

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ΕΝ' (in, on) and the verb 'ΚΟΠΤΩ' (to cut, strike). It literally means 'to cut into' or 'to cut upon', and metaphorically, it signifies to hinder, impede, or obstruct someone's progress or action. It is used to describe putting an obstacle in the way, thereby delaying or preventing something from happening.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΩΛΥΩ, ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G4935

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: soon-TOH-mohs

Translations: briefly, concisely, quickly, soon

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'briefly' or 'quickly'. It describes the manner in which an action is performed, indicating that something happens in a short amount of time or in a concise manner. For example, it can describe speaking briefly or an event happening soon.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΤΑΧΕΩΣ, ΕΝ ΤΑΧΕΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΤΟΜΩΣ is derived from the adjective ΣΥΝΤΟΜΟΣ (syntomos), which means 'cut short' or 'brief'. It is a compound word formed from ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and ΤΕΜΝΩ (temnō), meaning 'to cut'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ep-ee-I-kee-ah

Translations: gentleness, forbearance, fairness, equity, reasonableness, clemency, a gentleness, a forbearance

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being gentle, fair, and reasonable, often in a context where strict justice might be applied but is tempered with mercy or leniency. It describes a disposition that is not overly rigid or harsh, but rather considerate and equitable. It can be used to describe a person's character or an action that demonstrates such qualities.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΟΤΗΣ, ΧΡΗΣΤΟΤΗΣ, ΑΓΑΘΟΣΥΝΗ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ἐπιεικής (epieikēs), meaning 'fitting, suitable, equitable, mild'. It combines ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and εἰκός (eikos, 'fitting, reasonable'), suggesting a quality that is 'fitting upon' or 'in accordance with' what is right and reasonable, often implying a yielding or accommodating spirit.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-RON-tes

Translations: finding, having found, those who found, when they found

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to find'. It describes an action of finding that has already occurred or is occurring. It can function adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of another action, or substantively, referring to the people who performed the action of finding. For example, it can mean 'having found' or 'those who found'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G3061

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOY-mos

Translations: plague, pestilence, disease, destructive person, a plague, a pestilence, (of) a plague, (of) a pestilence

Notes: This word refers to a plague, pestilence, or a severe disease. It can also metaphorically describe a destructive or ruinous person, someone who is a 'pest' or a 'scourge'. In the provided context, 'ΛΟΙΜΟΥ' is the genitive singular form, meaning 'of a plague' or 'of pestilence'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΟΣΟΣ, ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΚΑΚΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'λοιμός' is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a root meaning 'to destroy' or 'to pollute'.

G2795

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: kee-NOO-nah

Translations: moving, stirring, shaking, disturbing, a moving, a stirring, a shaking, a disturbing

Notes: This is the present active participle of the verb 'κινέω' (kineō), meaning 'to move' or 'to stir'. It describes something that is in the process of moving or being moved. It can also refer to causing something to move, stir, or be disturbed. In some contexts, it can mean to incite or provoke.

Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Present, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΣΑΛΕΥΟΝΤΑ, ΤΑΡΑΣΣΟΝΤΑ, ΟΡΜΩΝΤΑ

G4714

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: STA-sis

Translations: standing, a standing, dissension, a dissension, insurrection, an insurrection, uprising, a uprising, sedition, a sedition

Notes: This word refers to a standing, a position, or a state of being. It can also denote a state of dissension, disagreement, or conflict, often leading to an uprising or insurrection. In a physical sense, it means the act of standing still or taking a stand. In a social or political context, it refers to a revolt or civil strife.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ

Etymology: From the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand, to make to stand'. It refers to the act or state of standing.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G3625

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: oy-koo-MEH-nay

Translations: inhabited earth, world, a world, the Roman Empire

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΙΚΟΥΜΕΝΗ (oikoumenē), meaning 'inhabited earth' or 'world'. It often refers specifically to the Roman Empire, as that was the known 'inhabited world' during the time of the New Testament. It is used to describe the entire known world or a significant portion of it, as in 'all the world' or 'the whole inhabited earth'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΚΟΣΜΟΣ, ΓΗ

Etymology: From the feminine present participle of the verb οἰκέω (oikeō), meaning 'to inhabit' or 'to dwell'. It literally means 'the inhabited (land)' or 'the dwelling place'.

G3480

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: nah-zoh-RAI-ohn

Translations: of Nazarenes, of a Nazarene, of Nazareth, of the Nazarenes, of the Nazorean

Notes: This word refers to someone or something from Nazareth, or a follower of Jesus, who was known as the Nazarene. It is often used to describe Jesus himself or his disciples, particularly in a derogatory sense by those who did not believe in him. It can also refer to the sect or followers of Jesus.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΝΑΖΑΡΗΝΟΣ

Etymology: Derived from the Hebrew word for Nazareth, נָצְרַת (Natsrat), the hometown of Jesus. The suffix -αιος is a common Greek adjectival ending indicating origin or belonging.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G2413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-RON

Translations: sacred, holy, consecrated, a sacred place, a temple, temple

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'sacred,' 'holy,' or 'consecrated.' When used as a noun, it refers to a 'sacred place' or, more specifically, a 'temple.' It describes something set apart for religious purposes or dedicated to a deity.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΙΕΡΟΣ (hieros) comes from a pre-Greek substrate word, possibly related to the concept of 'strength' or 'power,' which became associated with divine power and sacredness.

G3985

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-RAH-sen

Translations: he tempted, he tested, he tried, she tempted, she tested, she tried, it tempted, it tested, it tried

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'peirazo'. It means to tempt, test, or try someone or something. It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject (he, she, or it). It can be used in contexts of putting someone to the test, proving something, or enticing someone to do something wrong.

Inflection: Singular, 3rd Person, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΠΕΙΡΑ

G2902

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-ra-TAY-sa-men

Translations: we held, we took hold of, we seized, we grasped, we retained, we prevailed

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to hold', 'to take hold of', 'to seize', 'to grasp', 'to retain', or 'to prevail'. It is used to describe an action of firmly grasping something or someone, or maintaining control or power over a situation or person. It can also imply overcoming or being victorious. The prefix 'εκ-' (ek-) often intensifies the action, suggesting a complete or decisive holding or seizing.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΕΧΩ

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: pa-RAH

Translations: beside, by, near, from, with, at, along, beyond, against, through, in the presence of, alongside, a

Notes: This word functions primarily as a preposition, indicating proximity, origin, or comparison. It can mean 'beside,' 'from,' 'with,' 'at,' or 'alongside,' depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used as a prefix in compound words, it often conveys ideas of proximity, deviation, or intensity, such as 'alongside,' 'beyond,' 'contrary to,' or 'through.'

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΣΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *per- (meaning 'forward, through'). It is cognate with English 'for' and 'through'.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOS

Translations: he, she, it, they, himself, herself, itself, themselves, same, very, a same, the same

Notes: This word functions as both a pronoun and an adjective. As a pronoun, it can mean 'he, she, it' (third person personal pronoun) or be used intensively to mean 'himself, herself, itself, themselves'. When used as an adjective, it means 'the same' or 'the very'. Its meaning depends on its position and context within a sentence. For example, when used attributively with an article (e.g., ὁ αὐτὸς), it means 'the same'. When used predicatively or without an article, it often has an intensive meaning ('he himself').

Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter; Singular or Plural; Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ew-to- (self, same).

G0350

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-KREE-nahs

Translations: having examined, having investigated, having judged, having questioned, having discerned

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle (masculine, nominative, singular) of the verb 'anakrino'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that the subject has performed the act of examining, investigating, or judging. It is often used in legal or judicial contexts, referring to a thorough inquiry or a careful discernment of facts or motives. It can also imply a critical evaluation or a close questioning.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΕΞΕΤΑΖΩ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G1921

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-GNO-nai

Translations: to know, to understand, to recognize, to learn, to ascertain, to discover, to perceive, to become acquainted with

Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'epiginōskō'. It signifies gaining full, accurate, or complete knowledge of something, often implying a deeper understanding or recognition than simple 'knowing'. It can be used to describe the act of recognizing someone, understanding a situation thoroughly, or coming to a full realization. In a sentence, it would typically follow a verb indicating desire, ability, or purpose, such as 'to wish to know' or 'to be able to ascertain'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΣΥΝΙΗΜΙ, ΜΑΝΘΑΝΩ

G2723

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: kah-tay-go-ROO-men

Translations: accused, being accused, things accused, the accused

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb ΚΑΤΗΓΟΡΕΩ (kategoreō), meaning 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is being accused. It can function as an adjective modifying a noun, or it can be substantivized (used as a noun) to refer to 'the accused person/people' or 'the things being accused'. In the provided examples, it appears to be used in both ways: referring to a person being accused and to the accusations themselves.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝ, ΜΕΜΦΟΜΕΝ

G4943

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-eh-PEH-then-toh

Translations: they attacked, they assailed, they joined in attacking, they conspired, they agreed with, they assented

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from 'σύν' (with), 'ἐπί' (upon), and 'τίθημι' (to place). It means to join in an attack, to assault, or to conspire with others. In some contexts, it can also mean to agree with or assent to something, especially when joining in an opinion or statement. It describes an action where multiple parties come together to act against someone or something, or to concur on a matter.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle/Passive, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, Jewish people

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Judea, or more broadly, to the Jewish people, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who adhere to Judaism. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes them from Gentiles (non-Jews). It is used to describe the ethnic and religious group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah and later the kingdom of Judah. The Greek form 'Ioudaios' means 'of Judah' or 'a Judean', which then came to mean 'Jew'.

G0611

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-KREE-thay

Translations: answered, replied

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. It is formed from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'κρίνω' (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to decide'. In its middle or passive voice, it takes on the meaning of 'to answer back' or 'to reply'. It is commonly used to describe someone giving a verbal response to a question or statement.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive (or Middle), 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΠΟΝ, ΛΕΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἀποκρίνομαι (apokrinomai) is derived from the prefix ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb κρίνω (krino), meaning 'to judge' or 'to separate'. The combination suggests a 'separation by judgment' or 'a decision coming forth', which evolved into the meaning of 'to answer' or 'to reply'.

G3506

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: NEV-san-tos

Translations: (of) nodding, (of) assenting, (of) signaling, (of) beckoning

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'neuo', meaning 'to nod' or 'to signal'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or the state of someone performing that action. It indicates someone who has nodded, assented, or signaled, often implying agreement, command, or direction.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΝΕΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΝΕΥΩ

Etymology: The word ΝΕΥΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *sneu-, meaning 'to nod' or 'to beckon'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey similar meanings of movement or inclination.

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G1510

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ON-tah

Translations: being, existing, things being, those who are, existing ones

Notes: ΟΝΤΑ is the present active participle of the verb ΕΙΜΙ, meaning 'to be'. It can function as an adjective, describing something that is 'being' or 'existing', or as a substantive, referring to 'those who are' or 'things that exist'. It is often used to describe the state or condition of something.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Neuter Plural Nominative or Accusative, or Masculine/Feminine Plural Accusative

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΝΤΑ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΑ

G2116

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: yoo-THOO-mos

Translations: cheerfully, with good cheer, with courage

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'cheerfully' or 'with good courage'. It describes an action performed with a positive and hopeful disposition, often in the face of difficulty. It indicates a state of being in good spirits or having a brave heart.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΘΥΜΩΣ, ΕΥΦΡΟΣΥΝΩΣ

Etymology: Derived from the adjective ΕΥΘΥΜΟΣ (euthymos), meaning 'cheerful' or 'courageous', which itself comes from ΕΥ (eu, 'well') and ΘΥΜΟΣ (thymos, 'spirit, courage').

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G1683

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-MOW-too

Translations: of myself, my own, for myself, to myself

Notes: This is a reflexive pronoun, meaning it refers back to the subject of the sentence. It indicates that the action or state described by the verb is directed back to the speaker. For example, 'I see myself'. It is used to express possession or relation to the speaker.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

Etymology: The word ΕΜΑΥΤΟΥ is a compound of the personal pronoun ἐγώ (egō, 'I') and the intensive pronoun αὐτός (autos, 'self').

G0626

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-po-lo-GOO-meh

Translations: I defend myself, I make a defense, I give an account, I apologize

Notes: This word means to make a defense, to give an account, or to apologize. It is often used in a legal or formal context where one is called upon to explain or justify their actions. It can also imply a plea for forgiveness or an admission of fault.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΑΠΟΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ΛΟΓΕΟΜΑΙ (LOGEOMAI), meaning 'to speak' or 'to reason'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak away from' or 'to speak in defense'.

G1410

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dy-NAH-meh-noo

Translations: of being able, of being powerful, of being mighty, of one being able, of one being powerful, of one being mighty

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to be powerful'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In the genitive case, it often indicates possession or origin, so it can refer to 'of one who is able' or 'of that which is powerful'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΟΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

G0575

G3588, G3739, G3778, G5101

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: AF

Translations: from, away from, by, with, of, for, because of, after, since

Notes: This is a prefix or a preposition meaning 'from' or 'away from'. It indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is often used with the genitive case to show the source or origin of something, or the agent by whom something is done. It can also indicate a point in time 'from' which something occurs. When used as a prefix, it often intensifies the meaning of the verb or noun it is attached to, or indicates separation.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix or preposition).

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΑΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- (away, from).

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: HAYS

Translations: (of) the, (of) who, (of) which, (of) this, (of) that, (of) what

Notes: The word "ΗΣ" is a versatile form in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as the genitive singular for masculine and feminine nouns. It can be the genitive singular of the definite article 'the', indicating possession or relationship. It can also be the genitive singular of the relative pronoun 'who/which', connecting clauses, or the demonstrative pronoun 'this/that', pointing to something specific. Additionally, it can be the genitive singular of the interrogative pronoun 'what/who', used in questions.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine

G0305

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-EH-bayn

Translations: I went up, I ascended, I came up, I climbed up

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'anabainō', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes a completed action of going upwards, whether physically ascending a mountain or stairs, or metaphorically rising to a higher status or position. It is often used in contexts of traveling to a higher place, such as Jerusalem, which was geographically elevated.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G4352

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-koo-nay-SOHN

Translations: worshiping, bowing down, prostrating oneself, doing obeisance

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προσκυνέω', meaning to prostrate oneself, bow down, or worship. It describes the action of showing reverence or submission, often by kneeling or falling to the ground. It can be used to describe someone who is in the act of worship or showing deep respect.

Inflection: Future Active Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΣΕΒΟΜΑΙ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΩ, ΤΙΜΑΩ

Etymology: The word 'προσκυνέω' is a compound word formed from 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'towards' or 'facing', and 'κυνέω' (kyneo), meaning 'to kiss'. The original sense was to kiss towards someone, especially a superior, as a gesture of reverence or submission, which evolved into bowing or prostrating oneself.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G2413, G2411

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-ROH

Translations: holy, sacred, temple, a temple, sacred place, a sacred place, (to) a temple, (to) a sacred place

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'holy' or 'sacred', or as a noun meaning 'temple' or 'sacred place'. When used as a noun, it refers to a sacred building or area, often specifically the Temple in Jerusalem. As an adjective, it describes something set apart for God or dedicated to religious purposes. In the provided form, it is in the dative case, indicating 'to' or 'for' a holy thing or place.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΝΑΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἱερός (hieros) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to sacrifice, to consecrate'. It is related to words signifying 'sacred' or 'holy' in various Indo-European languages.

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G1256

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-leh-GO-meh-non

Translations: speaking, conversing, discussing, disputing, preaching, one who speaks, one who converses

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'διαλέγομαι' (dialegomai), meaning 'to converse' or 'to discuss'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally or adverbially, often translated as 'speaking', 'conversing', or 'one who is speaking'. It indicates someone engaged in dialogue, discussion, or even disputation.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Accusative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΑ, ΣΥΝΟΜΙΛΟΥΝΤΑ

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4160

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: poy-OON-tah

Translations: doing, making, producing, performing, working, creating

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ποιέω' (poieō), meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. As a participle, it describes someone or something that is currently performing the action of doing or making. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the one doing'), or adverbially, describing how an action is performed. In the given examples, it refers to 'the one doing these things' or 'those doing the works'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Accusative, Plural, Neuter or Present, Active, Accusative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΤΤΟΝΤΑ, ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΝ, ΤΕΛΟΥΝΤΑ

Etymology: The verb 'ποιέω' (poieō) comes from an uncertain origin, possibly related to 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil' or 'labor'.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lin

Translations: city, a city

Notes: The word 'πόλιν' is the accusative singular form of the noun 'πόλις', meaning 'city'. It refers to a populated place, typically larger than a village, with a defined administrative structure. As an accusative case, it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions, indicating the destination or the object being acted upon. For example, one might 'go into the city' or 'see the city'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The word 'πόλις' comes from Proto-Indo-European, referring to a fortified place or citadel. It developed to mean a city-state in ancient Greece, encompassing both the physical settlement and its citizens.

G3761

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OO-deh

Translations: and not, neither, nor, not even, not

Notes: This word is a compound conjunction or adverb meaning 'and not', 'neither', 'nor', or 'not even'. It is used to connect two negative clauses or to emphasize a negation. It often appears in lists to negate multiple items, similar to how 'neither...nor' is used in English. It can also simply mean 'not' when emphasizing a point.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΕ, ΜΗΔΕ

Etymology: From the negative particle ΟΥ (ou, 'not') and the conjunction ΔΕ (de, 'but, and').

G3936

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-as-TAY-sai

Translations: to present, to stand by, to place beside, to offer, to show, to prove, to yield, to make available

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'παρά' (para, meaning 'beside' or 'alongside') and 'ἵστημι' (histēmi, meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'). It means to cause something or someone to stand beside, to present, to offer, or to make available. It can also mean to stand by someone, to assist, or to prove something. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the object it takes.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΔΕΙΞΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΑΓΕΙΝ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΕΙΝ

Etymology: The word παρίστημι (paristēmi) is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G4771

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: SOY

Translations: (to) you, (for) you, you

Notes: This is the second-person singular dative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'to you' or 'for you'. It can also simply translate as 'you' when the context implies a dative relationship, such as indirect object or a recipient of an action. It is used to indicate the person to whom something is given, said, or done, or for whom an action is performed. For example, 'I give to you' or 'I do this for you'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Second Person

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a very ancient pronoun, found across many Indo-European languages.

G2723

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tay-go-ROO-sin

Translations: they accuse, they bring a charge against, they speak against

Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to accuse' or 'to bring a charge against'. It is often used in legal or formal contexts where someone is making an accusation against another person. It can also mean 'to speak against' someone in a general sense. This is a compound word formed from κατά (kata, 'down, against') and ἀγορεύω (agoreuō, 'to speak in the assembly').

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word κατηγορέω (katēgoreō) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb ἀγορεύω (agoreuō), meaning 'to speak in the assembly' or 'to declare'. Thus, it literally means 'to speak against' someone in a public or formal setting.

G3670

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ho-mo-lo-GOH

Translations: confess, acknowledge, profess, agree, give thanks, praise

Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to speak the same thing' or 'to agree with'. It is used to express confession, acknowledgment, or agreement, often in a formal or public sense. It can also mean to give thanks or praise, especially in a religious context. For example, one might confess sins, acknowledge a truth, or profess faith.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ, ΟΜΟΦΩΝΕΩ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΟΜΟΛΟΓΩ is a compound of two Greek words: ΟΜΟΣ (homos), meaning 'same' or 'common', and ΛΟΓΟΣ (logos), meaning 'word', 'speech', or 'reason'. Thus, its literal meaning is 'to speak the same word' or 'to be of the same mind'.

G3778

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that

Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.

G0139

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-EE-reh-sin

Translations: choice, a choice, selection, a selection, party, a party, sect, a sect, heresy, a heresy, division, a division

Notes: This word refers to a choice or a selection. It can also denote a group of people who have made a particular choice or hold a specific set of beliefs, thus forming a party, sect, or even a heresy. In some contexts, it can imply a division or faction. It is used here in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΓΜΑ, ΣΧΙΣΜΑ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ

G3000

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: lah-TREH-oo-oh

Translations: to serve, to worship, to minister, to render religious service

Notes: This verb means to serve, especially in a religious or sacred context, implying devotion and worship. It describes the act of rendering service to a deity or performing religious duties. It can be used to express the act of worshipping God or serving Him through one's actions.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΕΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΕΩ, ΘΕΡΑΠΕΥΩ

Etymology: From λάτρις (latris, "a hired servant"), which is of uncertain origin. It refers to the service rendered by a hired servant, which evolved to mean service or worship rendered to a deity.

G3966

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pa-TROH-oh

Translations: ancestral, paternal, of one's fathers, hereditary

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'ancestral' or 'paternal'. It describes something that belongs to or is inherited from one's fathers or ancestors. It is used to qualify nouns, indicating a connection to one's heritage or lineage.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΑΤΡΙΚΟΣ, ΠΑΤΡΩΙΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word ΠΑΤΗΡ (patēr), meaning 'father', combined with the adjectival suffix -ωος, indicating belonging or relation.

G4100

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-ohn

Translations: believing, one who believes, a believer

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of believing or trusting. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the believing person'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who believes' or 'a believer'). It implies a deep conviction, reliance, or faith in someone or something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine. Can be used adjectivally or substantively.

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ ΠΙΣΤΙΝ

G3551

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: NOH-mon

Translations: law, a law, rule, principle

Notes: The word refers to a law, rule, or principle. In the context of the Bible, it often refers to the Mosaic Law or the Law of God, but it can also refer to a general principle or custom. It is used to denote a standard of conduct or a governing regulation.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΝΩΝ, ΔΙΚΑΙΩΜΑ, ΕΝΤΟΛΗ

Etymology: From a root meaning "to parcel out, distribute." It originally referred to anything assigned or apportioned, and later came to mean a custom, usage, or law.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: geh-GRAH-meh-noys

Translations: (to) written, (to) those who have been written, (to) things written

Notes: This word is the dative plural perfect passive participle of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. It refers to something that has been written or to those who have been written about. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself, often referring to 'the things written' or 'those who have been written'.

Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΟΛΗ

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, one who has, he who has

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of having or holding, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can refer to someone who is in possession of something, or simply to someone who is in a certain state or condition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G4327

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-DEKH-on-tai

Translations: they receive, they await, they expect, they look for, they welcome, they are received, they are awaited, they are expected, they are looked for, they are welcomed

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΠΡΟΣ (pros, meaning 'to, toward') and the verb ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ (dechomai, meaning 'to receive, accept'). It generally means to receive, await, expect, or welcome. It can be used to describe the act of looking forward to something, accepting something, or receiving someone. In the provided form, it is used in the third person plural, indicating 'they' are performing or experiencing the action.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΕΚΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΑΩ

G0450

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-AS-ta-sin

Translations: resurrection, a resurrection, uprising, a rising up, a standing up, a standing again, a restoration

Notes: This word refers to a 'resurrection' or 'rising up,' particularly from the dead, but can also mean a 'standing up' or 'uprising' in a more general sense. It describes the act of rising or being restored to an upright position or to life. It is often used in theological contexts to refer to the resurrection of Christ or believers.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΡΣΙΣ, ΕΞΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΣΤΑΣΙΣ is derived from the verb ἀνίστημι (anistēmi), meaning 'to stand up,' 'to raise,' or 'to rise.' It is formed from the prefix ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again,' and the root ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand.'

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-SES-thai

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to become

Notes: This word is the future infinitive form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). It signifies a future state of being, existence, or occurrence. It is often used in constructions where one expects something to happen or to be the case in the future, functioning similarly to 'will be' or 'is going to be' in English. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'He said that it would be good' or 'They hoped to be free'.

Inflection: Infinitive, Future, Middle/Passive Voice (deponent), All genders, All cases

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb εἰμί (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G1344

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-KAH-ee-oh

Translations: I justify, I declare righteous, I make righteous, I acquit

Notes: This verb means to justify, to declare someone righteous, or to make them righteous. It can also mean to acquit someone of a charge. It is used to describe the act of God declaring or making people righteous in His sight, or to describe a legal process of vindication.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΑΘΩΟΩ, ΑΠΟΦΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. The verb form means to render or declare someone righteous.

G0094

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: ah-DEE-kohn

Translations: of the unjust, of the unrighteous, of wrongdoers, unjust, unrighteous, wrongdoers

Notes: This word is an inflection of the adjective and noun 'ΑΔΙΚΟΣ' (adikos), meaning 'unjust' or 'unrighteous'. As an adjective, it describes something or someone as not conforming to justice or righteousness. When used as a noun, it refers to 'unjust people' or 'wrongdoers'. In this inflected form, it typically functions as a possessive or descriptive plural, indicating 'belonging to the unjust' or 'of the unrighteous ones'.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΩΝ, ΑΣΕΒΩΝ

G0000

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: as-KO

Translations: I practice, I exercise, I train, I discipline myself, I strive

Notes: This verb means to practice, exercise, or train oneself, often with a focus on discipline or striving towards a goal. It implies a continuous effort or dedication to a particular activity or way of life. It can be used in contexts of physical training, mental discipline, or moral striving.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΕΤΑΩ, ΓΥΜΝΑΖΩ, ΕΘΙΖΩ

Etymology: The etymology of ΑΣΚΩ is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of working or shaping, possibly from an earlier root meaning 'to work leather' or 'to fashion'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: DEE

Translations: through, by means of, on account of, because of, 14

Notes: This word is most commonly an elided form of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', 'by means of', 'on account of', or 'because of'. It is used to indicate the means by which something is done or the reason for an action. It can also represent the Greek numeral 14, indicated by a keraia (a mark similar to an apostrophe) which is often omitted in transcription.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition or numeral)

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΥΠΟ, ΕΝΕΚΕΝ

Etymology: The preposition ΔΙΑ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G1484

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ETH-nos

Translations: nation, a nation, people, a people, Gentile, a Gentile, heathen, a heathen

Notes: This word refers to a nation, a people group, or a race. In the New Testament, it is frequently used in the plural (ἔθνη) to refer to 'the Gentiles' or 'the nations,' distinguishing non-Jewish peoples from the Jewish people. It can also simply mean a large group of people sharing common descent, culture, or language.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΑΟΣ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to ἔθος (ethos, 'custom, habit'), suggesting a group defined by common customs.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-geh-NOH-meen

Translations: I came, I arrived, I was present, I appeared

Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist indicative, middle voice of the verb 'παραγίνομαι' (paraginomai). It means 'I came alongside', 'I arrived', or 'I was present'. It is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be'. It describes the action of someone arriving at a place or appearing in a situation.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G0048

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: heeg-NEES-meh-noh

Translations: purified, having been purified, consecrated, having been consecrated

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, neuter singular, of the verb 'αγνίζω' (hagnizo), meaning 'to purify' or 'to consecrate'. It describes something that has undergone a process of purification or consecration, often in a ritual or religious context. It indicates a state of being made clean or holy.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ, ΑΓΙΑΖΩ

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

G1163

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-dei

Translations: it was necessary, it was proper, it was fitting, one had to, one ought to

Notes: ΕΔΕΙ is the imperfect active indicative form of the impersonal verb ΔΕΙ. It signifies that something was necessary, proper, or fitting in the past. It often implies a moral obligation, a divine necessity, or a logical consequence. It is typically followed by an infinitive or a clause introduced by ἵνα (hina) or ὅπως (hopos).

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΧΡΗΝ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΕΝ

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khoi-en

Translations: they might have, they might hold, they might possess, they might be able, they might be

Notes: This word is the third person plural optative active form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have,' 'to hold,' 'to possess,' 'to be able,' or 'to be.' The optative mood expresses a wish, a possibility, or a potential action, often translated with 'might' or 'would.' In context, it indicates what a group of people might have, hold, or be in a hypothetical or desired situation.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Optative, Active

Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ

G0092

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-DIK-ee-mah

Translations: wrongdoing, unrighteousness, crime, injury, injustice, misdeed, a wrongdoing, an injury

Notes: This word refers to an act of injustice, a wrong deed, or a crime. It signifies an action that is contrary to what is right or just. It can be used in a general sense to describe any form of unrighteousness or specifically to denote a particular offense or injury committed against someone.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word ΑΔΙΚΗΜΑ is derived from the verb ΑΔΙΚΕΩ (adikeō), meaning 'to do wrong' or 'to be unjust', which in turn comes from ΑΔΙΚΟΣ (adikos), meaning 'unjust' or 'unrighteous'. The prefix 'α-' (a-) denotes negation, and 'δικη' (dikē) means 'justice' or 'right'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is not just'.

G2476

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: STAN-tos

Translations: (of) standing, (of) having stood, (of) being established, (of) having been established

Notes: ΣΤΑΝΤΟΣ is the genitive masculine or neuter singular form of the aorist active participle of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It describes an action that has already occurred or is completed, functioning like an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun. It can be translated as 'of one who has stood' or 'of one who has been established', often indicating a state or condition resulting from a past action. It is frequently used in a genitive absolute construction to indicate a temporal or causal relationship.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Aorist, Active, Participle

Synonyms: ΕΝΣΤΑΝΤΟΣ, ΑΝΑΣΤΑΝΤΟΣ, ΜΕΤΑΣΤΑΝΤΟΣ

G4892

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-eh-DREE-oo

Translations: of a council, of the Sanhedrin, of an assembly, of a court

Notes: This word refers to a council, assembly, or court, often specifically the Jewish high court, the Sanhedrin. It is used to denote a formal gathering of people for deliberation or judgment. In the New Testament, it frequently refers to the supreme judicial and administrative body in Jerusalem.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΗ, ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ

Etymology: From σύν (syn, "with") and ἕδρα (hedra, "seat"). It literally means "sitting together" or "a joint session."

G2476

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: ess-TOHS

Translations: standing, having stood, being set, appointed, a standing one

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing someone or something that is in a state of standing, or has taken a stand. It can also function adverbially, indicating the manner in which an action is performed, such as 'while standing' or 'having stood'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΛΘΩΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΘΗΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand'. It is a common verb in ancient Greek, used to describe various states of being upright or causing something to be upright.

G0386

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-nah-STA-seh-ohs

Translations: of resurrection, of a resurrection, of rising again, of a rising again, of a standing up

Notes: This word refers to the act of rising up, either literally from a seated or prone position, or figuratively, as in a spiritual or physical resurrection from death. It is commonly used in the context of the resurrection of the dead, particularly in Christian theology, referring to the belief that people will rise again after death. It can also refer to a general uprising or revolt.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: EGERIS, ANABASIS

Etymology: The word ἀνάστασις (anastasis) is a compound word formed from the Greek preposition ἀνά (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. Thus, it literally means 'a standing up again' or 'a rising up'.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: KREE-noh-my

Translations: I am judged, I am condemned, I am decided, I contend, I dispute, I am separated, I am distinguished

Notes: ΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ is the first person singular, present, middle or passive voice of the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ. In the middle voice, it means 'I contend' or 'I dispute' (judging for oneself or with someone). In the passive voice, it means 'I am judged' or 'I am condemned'. It can also mean 'I am decided' or 'I am separated'. Its meaning depends on the context, often implying a process of evaluation, decision, or separation.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΟΜΑΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: OOF

Translations: under, by, with, from, at the hand of, by means of, through

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'by'. The final vowel of 'ΥΠΟ' is dropped when the following word begins with a vowel and a rough breathing mark. It indicates a position beneath something, or agency (by means of someone/something), or cause. It can also denote the instrument or agent by which something is done. It is a very common preposition in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect; governs the genitive and accusative cases.

Etymology: The word 'ΥΠΟ' (hypo) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'under'. It is related to English words like 'hypodermic' and 'hypothermia'.

G32

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-eh-BAH-leh-toh

Translations: he postponed, he put off, he delayed, he deferred, he put on, he threw on, he cast on, he took up

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative third person singular form of the verb 'αναβαλλω' (anaballo). It means 'he postponed' or 'he put off' in the sense of delaying an action or decision. It can also mean 'he put on' or 'he threw on' (clothing, for example), or 'he took up' (a burden or task). The specific meaning depends on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Singular Number

Synonyms: ΜΕΛΛΩ, ΧΡΟΝΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΒΟΛΗ

Etymology: The word 'αναβαλλω' (anaballo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ανα' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb 'βαλλω' (ballo), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast'. The combination gives rise to meanings like 'to throw up', 'to put off', or 'to delay'.

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G1492

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EYE-dohs

Translations: knowing, having known, having seen, perceiving, understanding, being aware

Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, meaning 'having known' or 'knowing'. It describes someone who possesses knowledge or understanding, often as a result of prior experience or perception. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who knows'). It is derived from the verb 'oida', which means 'to know' or 'to have seen'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΕΝΟΣ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pas

Translations: you said, you spoke, you told

Notes: This word is the second person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'epō', meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It indicates a completed action in the past, specifically 'you said' or 'you spoke'. It is used when referring to a statement or utterance made by a single person in the past.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb 'epō' is an ancient Greek verb with a long history, tracing its roots back to Proto-Indo-European. It is one of the primary verbs for 'to say' or 'to speak' in Greek, alongside 'legō' and 'lalēō'.

G5506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-lee-AR-khos

Translations: commander of a thousand, a commander of a thousand, military tribune, a military tribune, captain, a captain, colonel, a colonel

Notes: This is a compound word formed from 'χίλιοι' (thousand) and 'ἄρχος' (ruler, chief). It refers to a military officer in charge of a thousand soldiers, often translated as a military tribune or a commander of a thousand. It is used to denote a high-ranking military official.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΚΑΤΟΝΤΑΡΧΟΣ, ΛΟΧΑΓΟΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'χίλιοι' (chilioi), meaning 'thousand', and 'ἄρχος' (archos), meaning 'ruler' or 'chief'. It describes someone who rules over a thousand.

G1231

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-gno-SOH-mai

Translations: I will know fully, I will determine, I will decide, I will ascertain, I will distinguish

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'thoroughly', and the verb γιγνώσκω (gignōskō), meaning 'to know'. Therefore, it means 'to know thoroughly', 'to determine', 'to decide', or 'to ascertain'. It implies a complete and definitive understanding or judgment after careful consideration.

Inflection: Future, Middle, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ, ΚΡΙΝΩ, ΕΠΙΓΙΓΝΩΣΚΩ

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G1299

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-TAH-ksa-meh-nos

Translations: having commanded, having ordered, having arranged, having appointed

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb "diatassō." It means "having commanded," "having ordered," or "having arranged." It describes someone who has performed the action of commanding or arranging. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in the sentence, often indicating a preceding action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΝΤΕΛΛΟΜΑΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ

G1543

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: eh-kah-ton-TAR-kheh

Translations: centurion, a centurion

Notes: This word refers to a Roman military officer who commanded a unit of 100 soldiers. It is a compound word derived from 'hekaton' (one hundred) and 'archos' (chief or commander). It is used to denote a specific rank within the Roman army.

Inflection: Nominative Singular Feminine, or Vocative Singular Feminine

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek words 'ἑκατόν' (hekaton), meaning 'one hundred', and 'ἀρχή' (archē), meaning 'rule' or 'command'. It literally means 'commander of a hundred'.

G5506

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: khee-lee-AR-khee

Translations: a chiliarch, a commander of a thousand, a tribune, a chief captain

Notes: This word refers to a military commander of a thousand soldiers, often translated as a tribune or chief captain in Roman contexts. It is a compound word derived from 'chilioi' (thousand) and 'archos' (ruler/leader). The form 'chiliarchē' is the nominative or vocative singular form of the feminine noun, or the genitive/dative singular of the masculine noun, or the nominative/accusative/vocative plural of the neuter noun. Given the context, it is most likely an inflection of the masculine noun 'chiliarchos'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine; or Singular, Genitive or Dative, Masculine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΗΓΕΜΩΝ, ΣΤΡΑΤΗΓΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G0425

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AH-neh-sin

Translations: relief, relaxation, rest, ease, a letting down, remission

Notes: This word refers to a state of relief, relaxation, or rest, often implying a cessation of effort, tension, or suffering. It can also denote a 'letting down' or 'remission,' such as a release from bondage or a temporary respite from pressure. It describes a period of ease or comfort after difficulty or strain.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ, ΑΝΑΣΙΣ, ΑΝΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΝΕΣΙΣ (anesis) comes from the verb ΑΝΙΗΜΙ (aniemi), meaning 'to send up, let go, relax.' It is formed from the prefix ΑΝΑ- (ana-), meaning 'up' or 'back,' and the verb ΙΗΜΙ (hiemi), meaning 'to send' or 'to let go.'

G3367

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: may-THEH-nah

Translations: no one, nobody, nothing, any, not any, none

Notes: This word is a negative indefinite pronoun or adjective, meaning 'no one', 'nobody', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to express a complete absence or negation of something or someone. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, indicating that there is 'not any' of that noun. As a pronoun, it stands in for 'no one' or 'nothing'. It is often used in prohibitions or commands, especially with the subjunctive mood, to forbid an action.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

G2967

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: koh-LOO-ayn

Translations: to hinder, to prevent, to forbid, to restrain, to keep back

Notes: This verb means to hinder, prevent, or forbid someone from doing something. It can be used to describe an action that stops or impedes another action or person. For example, one might hinder someone from entering a place, or prevent an event from occurring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΟΔΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΚΩΛΥΩ

Etymology: From Koine Greek κωλύω (kōlúō), meaning 'to hinder, prevent'. Its origin is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to κῶλον (kōlon), meaning 'limb, member', perhaps implying a 'crippling' or 'impeding' action.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ee-DEE-ohn

Translations: (of) one's own, (of) private, (of) peculiar, (of) personal, (of) proper

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar.' It is often used to indicate possession or a close relationship, emphasizing that something belongs specifically to a person or group. It can refer to one's own property, family, or personal affairs. When used with a genitive noun, it clarifies that the noun belongs to the subject of the sentence.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is specific or peculiar to oneself.

G5257

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pee-REH-tin

Translations: servant, attendant, minister, officer, assistant

Notes: This word refers to a servant, attendant, or minister, often implying someone who serves in a subordinate capacity, especially in public or official duties. It can describe someone who assists or carries out the orders of another, such as a public officer, a ship's rower, or an assistant in a religious context. It emphasizes active service and obedience.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ

Etymology: This word is a compound of 'ΥΠΟ' (HYPO), meaning 'under', and 'ΕΡΕΤΗΣ' (ERETES), meaning 'rower'. It originally referred to an under-rower or oarsman on a ship, hence someone who serves under direction.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nas

Translations: who, what, some, any, some people, any people, some things, any things

Notes: ΤΙΝΑΣ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. It serves as both an interrogative (asking 'who?' or 'what?') and an indefinite (meaning 'someone,' 'something,' 'some,' or 'any'). In this form, it is the masculine or feminine, plural, accusative case. It can be used to ask about the identity of multiple people or things, or to refer to an unspecified group of people or things.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

G3854

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: pa-ra-geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having come, having arrived, being present, having appeared

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'παραγίνομαι', meaning 'to come alongside', 'to arrive', or 'to be present'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb of the sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of the main action, such as 'when he had come' or 'after arriving'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'παραγίνομαι' is a compound word formed from the preposition 'παρά' (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to come into being'. Together, they convey the sense of 'coming alongside' or 'arriving'.

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-dee-ah

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, personal, individually, privately, separately, apart

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar,' referring to something belonging to a specific person or group. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'privately,' 'separately,' or 'individually.' As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Plural; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΞΕΧΩΡΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is 'one's own' or 'private.'

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OO-see

Translations: being, existing, (to) being, (to) existing

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' (εἰμί). Specifically, it is the present participle, indicating a continuous state of 'being' or 'existing'. It functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being or existing. As a dative case, it often indicates the recipient or indirect object of an action, or the means by which something occurs, translating to 'to being' or 'for being'.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Singular, Dative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΗ, ΓΙΝΟΜΕΝΗ

Etymology: The root verb 'εἰμί' (eimi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental verbs in the Greek language.

G3343

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tep-EM-psah-toh

Translations: he sent for, he summoned, he called for

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition μετά (meta, 'with, after') and the verb πέμπω (pempo, 'to send'). It means 'to send for' or 'to summon' someone. It is used to describe the action of calling someone to come to oneself, often with authority or urgency. For example, 'he sent for the physician' or 'he summoned the elders'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Middle, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΩ is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΠΕΜΠΩ (pempo), meaning 'to send'. The combination conveys the idea of sending for someone to come to oneself.

G0191

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-KOO-sen

Translations: he heard, she heard, it heard, he listened, she listened, it listened, he understood, she understood, it understood

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to hear', 'to listen', or 'to understand'. It is used to describe the action of perceiving sound or comprehending information. As an aorist tense verb, it describes a completed action in the past, without specifying its duration. It is in the third person singular, meaning the subject is 'he', 'she', or 'it'.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΑΚΟΥΩ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΩ

G1256

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: dee-ah-leh-GO-meh-noo

Translations: (of) speaking, (of) discoursing, (of) discussing, (of) reasoning

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ, meaning 'to speak, discourse, discuss, or reason with'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. In this genitive form, it often indicates the one who is speaking or discoursing, or the context in which speaking is occurring.

Inflection: Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter, Present, Middle/Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΟΥΝΤΟΣ, ΛΕΓΟΝΤΟΣ, ΣΥΖΗΤΟΥΝΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb λέγομαι (legomai), the middle/passive voice of λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. Thus, it implies speaking through or with others, leading to the sense of discussing or reasoning.

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nays

Translations: of righteousness, of justice, of a righteousness, of a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right, just, or righteous. It encompasses both the state of being right with God and the act of doing what is right. It is often used in a theological context to describe divine justice or human uprightness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality.

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tos

Translations: of (one) about to, of (one) going to, of the future, of (one) intending

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the present participle of the verb 'μέλλω'. It signifies something that is 'about to happen', 'going to be', or 'intended'. It often describes a future event or state, or a person/thing that is on the verge of doing something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who is about to').

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΟΥ, ΜΕΛΛΟΝΤΟΣ

G1719

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: em-FOH-bos

Translations: fearful, afraid, terrified, struck with fear

Notes: This adjective describes someone who is filled with fear or terror. It is used to indicate a state of being greatly afraid or apprehensive, often in response to something awe-inspiring or threatening.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΦΟΒΕΡΟΣ, ΔΕΙΛΟΣ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and the noun 'φόβος' (phobos), meaning 'fear'. Thus, it literally means 'in fear' or 'filled with fear'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-nos

Translations: having become, being, happened, arisen, a having become, a being

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become', 'to happen', or 'to come into being'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It can be translated as 'having become', 'being', or 'when he/it became'. It often indicates a state or condition resulting from a past action.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΕΓΕΝΗΘΗ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-khon

Translations: having, holding, possessing, keeping, being in possession of, being able to, being, having a, holding a

Notes: This word is the present active participle, neuter singular or masculine/neuter accusative singular, of the verb 'ἔχω' (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes something or someone that is in the act of possessing or holding something. It can also be used to indicate a state of being or ability.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative/Accusative, Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kai-RON

Translations: time, a time, season, a season, opportune time, a opportune time, proper time, a proper time

Notes: This word refers to a specific, appointed, or opportune time, a critical moment, or a season, rather than general chronological time (which is 'χρόνος'). It often implies a qualitative aspect of time, emphasizing the right or fitting moment for something. In the provided examples, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the object of an action or a duration.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΣ, ΩΡΑ, ΕΠΟΧΗ

Etymology: The etymology of 'καιρός' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'fitting' or 'proper'.

G3335

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-ta-la-BOH

Translations: to take a share of, to partake of, to receive, to obtain, to share in, to participate in

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and 'λαμβάνω' (lambano), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It signifies the act of taking a share of something, partaking in it, or receiving a portion. It implies participation or obtaining something that is distributed or available. It is often used in contexts where one receives or shares in an experience, a benefit, or a consequence.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G3333

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meh-tah-kah-LEH-soh-mai

Translations: will call for, will send for, will summon, will invite

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (with, after) and 'καλέω' (to call). It means to call someone to oneself, to send for them, or to summon them. It implies bringing someone from one place to another, often for a specific purpose or meeting.

Inflection: Future, Middle or Passive Voice, First Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΚΑΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΚΑΛΕΩ is a compound of the preposition ΜΕΤΑ (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and the verb ΚΑΛΕΩ (kaleō), meaning 'to call'.

G1679

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: el-PI-zon

Translations: hoping, expecting, trusting, looking forward to

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΕΛΠΙΖΩ' (elpizo), meaning 'to hope' or 'to expect'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that is ongoing or concurrent with the main verb. It conveys the sense of someone who is in the act of hoping, expecting, or trusting in something or someone.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΔΟΚΩΝ, ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩΝ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G1352

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: DEE-oh

Translations: therefore, wherefore, for this reason, on account of which

Notes: This is a compound conjunction formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'. It is used to introduce a consequence or conclusion, indicating that what follows is a result of what has just been stated. It functions similarly to 'therefore' or 'for this reason' in English.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΑ ΤΟΥΤΟ, ΟΥΝ, ΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅ (ho), meaning 'which'.

G3656

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: oh-mee-LEH-ee

Translations: he was speaking, he was talking, he was conversing, he was associating with

Notes: This word describes the action of speaking, talking, or conversing with someone. It can also imply associating with or being in company with others. It is often used in contexts where someone is engaging in a discussion or delivering a discourse.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΔΙΑΛΕΓΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From ὅμιλος (homilos, "crowd, assembly"), which is related to ὁμοῦ (homou, "together") and ἴλη (ilē, "troop, company"). The verb means to be in a company, hence to converse or associate with.

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: play-roh-THEE-sees

Translations: (of) having been fulfilled, (of) having been completed, (of) having been filled, (of) having been made full, (of) having been accomplished

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been fulfilled' or 'having been completed'. It describes an action that has been finished or brought to its full extent, with the subject of the action being the recipient of the fulfillment. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, modifying a noun or verb in the sentence, often indicating time (e.g., 'when it was fulfilled') or cause.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Singular, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΣΘΕΙΣΗΣ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΩΘΕΙΣΗΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΛΗΡΟΩ (pleroo) comes from the Greek adjective ΠΛΗΡΗΣ (plerēs), meaning 'full'. It signifies the act of making something full, completing it, or bringing it to its intended purpose or measure.

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-lah-ben

Translations: he took, she took, it took, he received, she received, it received, he got, she got, it got

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, meaning 'to take,' 'to receive,' or 'to get.' It describes a completed action in the past performed by a single subject (he, she, or it). For example, it can be used in a sentence like 'He took the book' or 'She received the gift.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

G1249

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-DOKH-on

Translations: successor, a successor

Notes: This word refers to a successor, someone who takes the place of another, often in an office, position, or lineage. It is used to describe the person who follows in a sequence or inherits a role. For example, one might speak of a king's successor or a high priest's successor.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΟΝΟΣ, ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΟΣ

Etymology: The word "διάδοχος" comes from the Greek verb "διαδέχομαι" (diadechomai), meaning "to receive in turn" or "to succeed." It is formed from "διά" (dia), meaning "through" or "after," and "δέχομαι" (dechomai), meaning "to receive."

G2309

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: THEH-loh

Translations: to wish, to want, to desire, to will, to intend, to be willing

Notes: This verb expresses a desire, intention, or willingness to do something. It can be used to indicate a strong personal wish or a divine will. It often takes an infinitive to complete its meaning, indicating what is wished or willed.

Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, First Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΑΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷhelh₁- (to want, wish). It is related to the English word 'will' (as in 'free will').

G5485

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHA-rin

Translations: grace, favor, kindness, thanks, a grace, a favor, a kindness, a thanks

Notes: This word refers to grace, favor, or kindness, often implying a divine or unmerited gift. It can also mean thanks or gratitude. In its accusative form, as seen in ΧΑΡΙΝ, it often functions as the direct object of a verb, such as 'to find favor' or 'to give thanks'. It can also be used in adverbial phrases meaning 'for the sake of' or 'on account of'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΥΝΟΙΑ, ΔΩΡΟΝ, ΕΥΧΑΡΙΣΤΙΑ

Etymology: The word ΧΑΡΙΣ (charis) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰer- meaning 'to desire, to like'. It is related to words signifying joy, delight, and goodwill.

G2698

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-THES-thai

Translations: to lay down, to put down, to deposit, to place, to store, to entrust

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi, meaning 'to place' or 'to put'). It generally means to lay something down, to put it in a specific place, or to deposit it. In a financial or legal context, it can mean to deposit money or to entrust something to someone. It can also be used metaphorically, such as to lay down one's life.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G2641

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TEH-lip-eh

Translations: he left, he left behind, he forsook, he abandoned, he remained, he was left

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for the verb 'καταλείπω' (kataleipo), meaning 'to leave behind,' 'to forsake,' or 'to abandon.' The overline on the final epsilon (Ε) indicates that the word is an abbreviation, likely for 'κατέλιπεν' (katelipen), which is the third person singular aorist active indicative form. It describes an action completed in the past by a single subject, such as 'he left' or 'he abandoned.' It can also mean 'to remain' or 'to be left over' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

G1210