2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G0490

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-O-khee-ah

Translations: Antioch

Notes: Antioch refers to several ancient cities, but most notably Antioch on the Orontes, a major Hellenistic city in ancient Syria, which served as the capital of the Seleucid Empire and later a significant city in the Roman Empire. It was a crucial center for early Christianity. The word is used to refer to the city itself.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Antioch' comes from the Greek name 'Antiochos', which was the name of several Seleucid kings, particularly Antiochus I Soter, who founded many cities named Antioch.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: KAH-tah

Translations: down, according to, against, throughout, by, during, concerning, along

Notes: ΚΑΤΑ is a versatile preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it often indicates movement 'down from,' opposition 'against,' or reference 'concerning' something. When used with the accusative case, it typically means 'down along,' 'according to,' 'throughout,' 'during,' or 'by' means of something. It can express direction, distribution, opposition, or a standard.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmtá, meaning 'down, with'. It is related to other prepositions and adverbs in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-FEE-tai

Translations: prophets, (to) prophets, (of) prophets

Notes: This word refers to individuals who speak on behalf of God or a deity, often foretelling future events or delivering divine messages. In Koine Greek, it is a masculine noun. The form 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΑΙ' is the plural form, which can function as nominative (the subject of a sentence), dative (indicating to whom or for whom something is done), or vocative (used for direct address).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Dative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΕΙΣ, ΧΡΗΣΜΟΛΟΓΟΙ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'for', and 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks before' or 'one who speaks for' (another).

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G5037

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Particle

Sounds like: TEH

Translations: and, both, also, even, then, so, indeed

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears after the word it modifies or connects. It functions as a conjunction, often translated as 'and' or 'both...and', connecting words, phrases, or clauses. It can also add emphasis or indicate a consequence, sometimes translated as 'also' or 'even'. When used in pairs (τε...τε or τε...καί), it means 'both...and'. It is less emphatic than 'καί' (kai) and often implies a closer connection or a more natural pairing between the elements it joins.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΔΕ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kʷe, a clitic particle meaning 'and'. It is cognate with Latin -que and Sanskrit ca.

G0901

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bar-NAH-bas

Translations: Barnabas, Son of Encouragement, Son of Exhortation, Son of Consolation

Notes: This is a proper noun referring to Barnabas, a prominent figure in the early Christian church, mentioned in the New Testament. His name, given to him by the apostles, means 'Son of Encouragement' or 'Son of Exhortation', reflecting his character and ministry. He was a Levite from Cyprus and a companion of Paul on his missionary journeys.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The name Barnabas is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'Son of Encouragement' or 'Son of Exhortation'. It was a surname given to Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, by the apostles.

G2564

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ka-LOO-meh-nos

Translations: called, being called, named, who is called, who is named

Notes: This word is a present passive participle of the verb 'καλέω' (kaleō), meaning 'to call' or 'to name'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that is being called or named. It can be translated as 'the one who is called' or simply 'called' or 'named'. It often introduces a descriptive phrase about a person or thing.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΝΟΜΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΡΟΣΑΓΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΟΣ

G2956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Proper Noun

Sounds like: koo-ray-NAI-oss

Translations: Cyrenian, a Cyrenian, of Cyrene

Notes: This word refers to someone or something from Cyrene, an ancient Greek city in modern-day Libya. It can be used as an adjective to describe something as being 'of Cyrene' or as a proper noun to refer to a person from Cyrene, such as 'a Cyrenian'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From Κυρήνη (Kyrēnē), the name of the city Cyrene. The suffix -αιος (-aios) is used to form adjectives or nouns indicating origin or belonging.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

G5076

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tet-ra-AR-khoo

Translations: of a tetrarch, of the tetrarch

Notes: This word refers to the ruler of a fourth part of a region or province. It is a compound word derived from 'tetra' (four) and 'archos' (ruler). In ancient times, after the death of a ruler, his kingdom might be divided among four successors, each of whom would be called a tetrarch. The word is used to indicate possession or origin, as in 'the authority of a tetrarch' or 'belonging to a tetrarch'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The word is derived from the Greek prefix ΤΕΤΡΑ- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and the noun ΑΡΧΗΣ (archēs), meaning 'ruler' or 'leader'. It describes a ruler of a fourth part of a region.

G5076

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: tet-RAR-khoo

Translations: of a tetrarch, of the tetrarch

Notes: This word refers to the ruler of a fourth part of a region or province. It is a compound word derived from 'tetra' (four) and 'archos' (ruler). In the Roman Empire, a tetrarch was a subordinate ruler, often governing a smaller division of a territory, such as a quarter of a kingdom or province. For example, Herod Antipas was a tetrarch of Galilee and Perea.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek prefix ΤΕΤΡΑ- (tetra-), meaning 'four', and ΑΡΧΟΣ (archos), meaning 'ruler' or 'leader'. It literally means 'ruler of a fourth part'.

G4932

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-TRO-fos

Translations: companion, fellow, comrade, a companion, a fellow, a comrade

Notes: This word refers to a companion or a fellow traveler, someone who shares a common journey or experience with another. It is a compound word formed from 'σύν' (together with) and 'τροφός' (one who nourishes or is nourished), implying someone who shares food or upbringing, hence a close associate. It is used to describe someone who is a close associate, a colleague, or a partner in an activity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΓΟΣ, ΕΤΑΙΡΟΣ, ΣΥΝΟΔΙΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the prefix 'σύν' (together with) and 'τροφός' (one who nourishes or is nourished, from 'τρέφω' meaning to nourish or bring up). It literally means 'one brought up with' or 'one who shares food with'.

G3008

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: lay-too-oor-GOON-tohn

Translations: ministering, serving, performing public service, worshiping

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'those who are ministering' or 'while they were ministering'. It describes the action of performing a public or sacred service, often related to religious duties or civic functions. It is a compound word derived from 'λειτουργός' (leitourgos), meaning 'public servant' or 'minister', and the verb 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΥΠΗΡΕΤΟΥΝΤΩΝ

G3522

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: nees-TEH-oo-on-toh

Translations: of those fasting, of those abstaining from food, of those observing a fast

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΝΗΣΤΕΥΩ', meaning 'to fast' or 'to abstain from food'. It describes the action of fasting, often for religious or spiritual reasons. As a genitive plural participle, it functions like a noun or adjective, referring to 'those who are fasting' or 'of those who fast'. It can be used to describe a group of people engaged in the act of fasting.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΝΗΣΤΕΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'ΝΗΣΤΕΥΩ' comes from 'ΝΗΣΤΙΣ' (nestis), meaning 'not eating' or 'fasting'. This in turn is derived from 'νη-' (ne-), a negative prefix, and 'εσθίω' (esthiō), meaning 'to eat'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

G0040

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AH-gee-on

Translations: holy, sacred, a holy thing, a sacred thing, set apart

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'holy,' 'sacred,' or 'set apart.' It describes something that is consecrated to God, pure, or morally blameless. It can refer to places, objects, or people that are dedicated to divine service or possess a divine quality. In its neuter form, it can also refer to a 'holy thing' or 'sacred place.'

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative; Singular; Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΣΙΟΣ, ΙΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to venerate' or 'to dread'. It refers to that which inspires awe and reverence, particularly in a religious context.

G0001

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-fo-REE-sah-teh

Translations: set apart, separate, divide, exclude, put away, remove

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to set apart,' 'to separate,' or 'to divide.' It is often used in a religious or legal context to denote the act of consecrating something or someone for a specific purpose, or to exclude someone from a group or community. It can also simply mean to draw a boundary or to distinguish between things.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word ἀφορίζω (aphorizo) is a compound word formed from the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from,' and the verb ὁρίζω (horizo), meaning 'to mark out boundaries,' 'to define,' or 'to determine.' Thus, its etymological meaning is 'to mark off from' or 'to set boundaries away from.'

G0921

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bar-NAH-ban

Translations: Barnabas

Notes: This is the name of a prominent early Christian, a Levite from Cyprus, who was a companion of Paul on his first missionary journey. He was known for his encouragement and generosity. The word is used here in the accusative case, indicating that Barnabas is the direct object of a verb.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Barnabas is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'son of encouragement' or 'son of consolation'. It was a surname given to Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, by the apostles.

G1519, G1520

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: EES

Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one

Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'

Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).

G2041

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ER-gon

Translations: work, deed, act, task, labor, a work, a deed

Notes: This word refers to a work, deed, or action. It can encompass a wide range of activities, from physical labor and tasks to moral actions, accomplishments, or even the effects or results of an action. It is often used to describe something that is done or produced.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΙΣ, ΔΟΥΛΕΙΑ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΟΝ

Etymology: From a primary (supposed) verb ERGO (to work); compare English 'erg' and 'energy'.

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-KEK-lee-mai

Translations: I have been called to, I have been summoned, I have been invited

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition πρός (pros, meaning 'to' or 'towards') and the verb καλέω (kaleō, meaning 'to call'). In its perfect passive form, it means 'to have been called to' or 'to have been summoned'. It describes a state of having been called or invited, often with the implication of being called for a specific purpose or to a specific place.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, 1st Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΛΗΜΑΙ, ΣΥΓΚΕΚΛΗΜΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOOS

Translations: them, themselves, him, it, the same

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). In this specific form, it is used to mean 'them' or 'themselves' when referring to masculine plural nouns in the accusative case. It can also function as an intensive pronoun meaning 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'the same' depending on the context and agreement with the noun it modifies. When used as a personal pronoun, it often refers back to a previously mentioned noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΥΣ, ΣΦΑΣ

G5119

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: TOH-teh

Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).

G3522

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: nees-TEH-oo-san-tes

Translations: having fasted, fasting

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having fasted' or 'fasting'. It describes an action of abstaining from food, often for religious or spiritual reasons, that has been completed or is ongoing in relation to the main verb of the sentence. It indicates a state or action of fasting performed by the subject.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Etymology: The word ΝΗΣΤΕΥΩ (nēsteuō) comes from the Greek word νῆστις (nēstis), meaning 'not eating' or 'fasting'. It is related to the negative prefix νη- (nē-) and the root of ἐσθίω (esthíō), meaning 'to eat'.

G2029

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-THEN-tes

Translations: having placed upon, having laid upon, having put upon, having imposed, having added, having attacked

Notes: This word is the masculine nominative plural active participle of the verb 'epitithemi'. It describes an action of placing, laying, or putting something upon someone or something else, often implying an addition, imposition, or even an attack. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and indicates that the action of 'placing upon' has already occurred.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G5495

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHEI-ras

Translations: hands, a hand

Notes: This is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'χείρ' (cheir), meaning 'hand'. In this form, 'ΧΙΡΑΣ' typically functions as the accusative plural, referring to multiple hands as the direct object of a verb. It can also, less commonly, be interpreted as the nominative or accusative singular form of a first declension noun, but given the root 'χείρ', the accusative plural is the most common and appropriate interpretation.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΕΞΙΑ, ΠΑΛΑΜΗ

G630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-LY-san

Translations: they released, they sent away, they dismissed, they divorced

Notes: This is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'apolyo'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people. The verb 'apolyo' means to release, send away, dismiss, or divorce. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, such as releasing a prisoner, sending someone on their way, dismissing a crowd, or a husband divorcing his wife.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΕΞΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: ow-TOY

Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves

Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.

Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

G3767

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: OON

Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.

G1603

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-pem-FTHEN-tes

Translations: having been sent out, having been dispatched, having been sent forth

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle, meaning 'having been sent out' or 'having been dispatched'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, and the subject of the participle is the one who received the action (they were sent out). It is a compound word formed from 'εκ' (out of, from) and 'πεμπω' (to send).

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΞΑΠΕΣΤΑΛΜΕΝΟΙ

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

G4151

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PNEV-mah

Translations: Spirit, a Spirit, wind, breath, a breath

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (PNEUMA), meaning 'Spirit', 'wind', or 'breath'. It is often used to refer to the Holy Spirit, but can also denote a human spirit, a demonic spirit, or even a physical wind or breath. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to breathe', related to the concept of air in motion. It developed to encompass both physical breath/wind and the non-physical spirit.

G2718

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-TEEL-thon

Translations: I came down, I went down, they came down, they went down

Notes: This word is the aorist indicative form of the verb 'κατέρχομαι' (katerchomai), meaning 'to come down' or 'to go down'. It describes an action of descending or arriving at a lower place, completed in the past. It can refer to a single person (first person singular) or multiple people (third person plural) performing the action.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΚΑΤΕΒΗΝ

G1564

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: eh-KAY-then

Translations: from there, thence, from that place

Notes: This word is an adverb indicating movement or origin from a specific place or point in time. It can be used to describe someone or something coming from a particular location, or an event happening subsequently from a previous point in time. For example, 'he went from there' or 'from that point, he did X'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙ, ΕΝΘΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΚΕΙΘΕΝ is derived from the demonstrative adverb ΕΚΕΙ (there) and the suffix -θεν, which indicates origin or movement from a place. It signifies 'from that place'.

G0636

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-PLEW-sahn

Translations: they sailed away, they set sail, they departed by ship

Notes: This word describes the action of sailing away or departing by ship. It is a compound verb formed from 'απο' (away from) and 'πλεω' (to sail), emphasizing the movement away from a place by sea. It is typically used to describe a group of people or a ship's crew leaving a port or shore.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΓΟΜΑΙ, ΕΚΠΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition 'απο' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'πλεω' (pleō), meaning 'to sail'. It describes the action of sailing away from a point of origin.

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: geh-NO-meh-noy

Translations: having become, being, having come to pass, having arisen, having been born, having happened

Notes: This word is an aorist middle participle derived from the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be born.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred or a state that has been achieved. It often translates as 'having become' or 'those who have become,' indicating a completed action that results in a new state or identity.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΤΕΣ, ΕΓΕΝΟΝΤΟ

G4521

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: sah-lah-MEE-nay

Translations: Salamis

Notes: Salamis refers to an ancient city and island located off the eastern coast of Cyprus. It was a significant port and a prominent city in ancient times, known for its rich history and archaeological importance. The name is often used in historical and geographical contexts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Salamis' is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or derived from an ancient local language. It has been associated with the mythological figure Salamis, a nymph daughter of the river god Asopus.

G2605

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tahng-GEL-lon

Translations: they were proclaiming, they were announcing, they were preaching, they were declaring

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural, of the verb καταγγέλλω (katangellō), which means to proclaim, announce, preach, or declare. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It describes what a group of people were doing over a period of time, such as continuously proclaiming a message.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΛΕΓΩ

G2316

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: theh-OO

Translations: of God, of a God

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ

Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-neen

Translations: John

Notes: This is the name 'John', a very common proper noun in the Koine Greek New Testament and other ancient texts. It refers to several significant figures, most notably John the Baptist, John the Apostle (son of Zebedee), and John Mark. It is used to identify these individuals in various narratives.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is of Hebrew origin, derived from the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name among Jews in the Second Temple period and was transliterated into Greek.

G5257

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-pee-REH-ten

Translations: servant, a servant, assistant, an assistant, minister, a minister, officer, an officer

Notes: This word refers to a servant, assistant, or minister, often implying someone who serves in a subordinate capacity, especially in public or official duties. It can also refer to an officer or attendant, particularly one who carries out commands or serves a higher authority. It is used in sentences to describe someone who performs a service or acts as an agent for another.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΟΥΛΟΣ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ, ΘΕΡΑΠΩΝ

G1330

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: dee-el-THON-tes

Translations: having gone through, having passed through, having gone across, having traveled through, having gone about

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition ΔΙΑ (DIA), meaning 'through' or 'across', and the verb ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ (ERCHOMAI), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred, indicating movement through, across, or about a place or situation. It is used to describe someone who has completed the action of passing through or traversing something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ, ΔΙΑΤΡΕΧΩ

G0891

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: AKH-ree

Translations: until, up to, as far as, even to, while, during

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb, indicating a limit in time or space. It means 'until' when referring to a point in time, or 'up to' and 'as far as' when referring to a spatial limit or extent. It can also mean 'even to' or 'even including'. It is often followed by the genitive case.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΕΩΣ, ΑΝΕΥ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the Greek word 'ἄκρος' (akros), meaning 'highest' or 'extreme', suggesting a sense of reaching a limit or extremity.

G3958

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PAH-foo

Translations: of Paphos

Notes: Paphos is a proper noun referring to a significant city on the southwestern coast of Cyprus. It was a prominent center in ancient times, known for its worship of Aphrodite. In the New Testament, it is mentioned as a place visited by Paul and Barnabas during their missionary journeys.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Paphos' is pre-Greek, likely from an indigenous Cypriot language. It is associated with the mythological figure Paphos, who was the son of Pygmalion and Galatea.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G3097

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAH-gon

Translations: magician, a magician, sorcerer, a sorcerer, wise man, a wise man

Notes: This word refers to a magician, sorcerer, or a wise man, particularly one skilled in occult arts or astrology. It can also refer to the Magi, a priestly caste of ancient Persia, known for their wisdom and knowledge of the stars. In the provided context, it is used in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΟΗΣ, ΦΑΡΜΑΚΟΣ

Etymology: From Old Persian maguš, referring to a member of the priestly caste of ancient Persia. It was later adopted into Greek and Latin, often with the connotation of a sorcerer or enchanter.

G5578

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: psyoo-doh-pro-FEE-teen

Translations: false prophet, a false prophet

Notes: This word refers to a false prophet, someone who claims to speak for God or to have divine inspiration but is actually deceitful or mistaken. It is a compound word formed from 'ψεῦδος' (pseudos), meaning 'falsehood' or 'lie', and 'προφήτης' (prophētēs), meaning 'prophet'. It is used to describe individuals who mislead people with their prophecies or teachings.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΛΑΝΟΣ, ΑΝΤΙΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ

G5599, G3739

Part of Speech: Letter, Interjection, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-meh-gah (as a letter); OH (as an interjection); OH (as a pronoun)

Translations: Omega, O, Oh, the end, the last, (to) whom, (to) which, (to) what, (to) that, (to) who, (to) those, (to) whomsoever, (to) whatsoever

Notes: This character, Omega, is the twenty-fourth and final letter of the Greek alphabet. As a letter, it represents the long 'o' sound. It can also function as an interjection, similar to 'O' or 'Oh' in English, used for direct address or exclamation. Furthermore, without diacritics, 'Ω' can represent the dative singular form of the relative pronoun 'ὅς, ἥ, ὅ', meaning 'to whom', 'to which', or 'to what', depending on context and gender. It can refer to a person or thing that is the indirect object of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or interjection); Dative, Singular, All genders (as a relative pronoun)

Etymology: The letter Omega is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'. Its name literally means 'great O' (ō mega), distinguishing it from Omicron ('small O'). As a relative pronoun, it originates from Proto-Indo-European roots.

G3686

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: O-no-MA

Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title

Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.

G3739

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Conjunction

Sounds like: HOS

Translations: who, which, what, that, as, how, when

Notes: The word 'ΟΣ' is a versatile relative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' depending on the context and the gender, number, and case it agrees with. It introduces a relative clause, linking it to a preceding noun or pronoun. It can also function as a conjunction, meaning 'as,' 'how,' or 'when,' indicating manner or time.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Etymology: The word 'ΟΣ' is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has been a fundamental part of the Greek language's grammatical structure for millennia, serving to connect clauses and introduce relative information.

G3588, G3739

Part of Speech: Article, Pronoun, Numeral

Sounds like: HAY

Translations: the, who, which, what, that, she, a, an, 8

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation, indicated by the overline. It most commonly represents the feminine nominative singular definite article 'ἡ' (he), meaning 'the' or 'a/an'. It can also represent the feminine nominative singular relative pronoun 'ἥ' (he), meaning 'who', 'which', or 'that'. Additionally, 'Η' (eta) can function as the numeral 8 in the Greek numbering system. The context of the sentence is crucial for determining the correct meaning.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine (for article/pronoun); Does not inflect (for numeral)

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G4586

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: SER-gee-oh

Translations: to Sergius, to Sergius Paulus

Notes: This is a proper noun, the name Sergius. It is specifically used in the New Testament to refer to Sergius Paulus, the Roman proconsul of Cyprus who was converted by Paul. The word is in the dative case, indicating that it is the indirect object of a verb or the object of a preposition, meaning 'to Sergius' or 'for Sergius'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Etymology: The name Sergius is of Latin origin, derived from the Roman gens name 'Sergius'. It was a common Roman family name.

G0435

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AHN-dree

Translations: (to) man, (to) a man, (to) husband, (to) a husband

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the noun 'ΑΝΗΡ' (anēr), meaning 'man' or 'husband'. In Koine Greek, the dative case often indicates the indirect object of a verb, showing to whom or for whom an action is done. Therefore, 'ΑΝΔΡΙ' typically translates to 'to a man' or 'to a husband', or 'for a man' or 'for a husband'. It can also indicate association or instrument, depending on the context.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΘΡΩΠΩ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OO-tos

Translations: this, that, he, she, it, these, those, this one, that one

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is used to point out something or someone that is near, or has just been mentioned. It can function as a substantive (e.g., 'he', 'she', 'it', 'this one') or as an adjective modifying a noun (e.g., 'this man', 'these things'). It often refers to something immediately present or recently discussed in the discourse.

Inflection: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΔΕ

Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be an ancient demonstrative pronoun in Greek, possibly related to other Indo-European demonstratives.

G4341

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: pros-kal-eh-SAH-meh-nos

Translations: having called to oneself, having summoned, having invited, having called, having sent for

Notes: This word is a compound participle derived from the verb 'ΠΡΟΣΚΑΛΕΩ'. It describes an action completed in the past by the subject, indicating that they 'called to themselves' or 'summoned' someone. It implies an initiative taken by the subject to bring someone closer, often for a specific purpose like giving instructions or having a discussion.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΕΩ, ΣΥΓΚΑΛΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΠΕΜΠΟΜΑΙ

G1934

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-zay-TAY-sen

Translations: he sought, he searched for, he desired, he demanded, he looked for, he inquired after

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to') and the verb ζητέω (zēteō, meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'). It signifies an intensified or directed seeking, often implying a diligent search, a strong desire, or a demand. It can be used to describe someone actively looking for something or someone, or earnestly desiring a particular outcome.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ, ΕΚΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ἐπιζητέω (epizēteō) is derived from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition to') and the verb ζητέω (zēteō, 'to seek, to search'). The prefix ἐπί intensifies the action of seeking, suggesting a focused or earnest search.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-go

Translations: word, a word, speech, a speech, account, an account, reason, a reason, message, a message, saying, a saying

Notes: This is a fundamental Koine Greek noun with a broad range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, a divine utterance, a report, an account, or even the underlying reason or principle behind something. In philosophical and theological contexts, it can refer to divine reason or the Word of God. It is used in various contexts to convey communication, thought, or a logical concept.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter (stem form)

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΦΩΝΗ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *leg- meaning 'to collect, gather', which developed into meanings related to speaking and reasoning in Greek.

G0436

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-THIH-stah-toh

Translations: he was resisting, he resisted, he stood against, he opposed

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to resist', 'to stand against', or 'to oppose'. It is often used in contexts of active opposition or defiance. It describes an action where someone takes a stand against another person, an idea, or a force. The prefix 'anti-' (ἀντί) means 'against', and 'histēmi' (ἵστημι) means 'to stand', so literally it means 'to stand against'.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΑΝΤΙΛΕΓΩ, ΑΝΤΙΤΑΤΤΩ

Etymology: The word ἀνθίστημι (anthistēmi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'against' or 'opposite to', and the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'.

G3097

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAH-goss

Translations: magician, sorcerer, wise man, a wise man

Notes: This word refers to a magician, sorcerer, or an astrologer. In some contexts, particularly in the New Testament, it can refer to the 'wise men' or 'Magi' from the East who visited the infant Jesus, indicating a person of learning and wisdom, often associated with the study of stars and ancient knowledge. It is used to describe someone who practices magic or is skilled in occult arts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΟΗΣ, ΦΑΡΜΑΚΟΣ

Etymology: From Old Persian maguš, referring to a member of the ancient Persian priestly caste, known for their wisdom and knowledge of astrology and magic. The term later broadened to include practitioners of magic or sorcery.

G1063

Part of Speech: Particle

Sounds like: gar

Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore

Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ

Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.

G3177

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: meth-er-mee-NEV-eh-tai

Translations: is translated, is interpreted

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (with, after) and 'ἑρμηνεύω' (to interpret, translate). It means 'to be translated' or 'to be interpreted'. It is often used to explain the meaning of a foreign word or name, indicating that something is being rendered into another language or explained for clarity. It describes an ongoing or habitual action of translation or interpretation.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ, ΔΙΕΡΜΗΝΕΥΩ

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ZAY-tone

Translations: seeking, searching, looking for, inquiring, desiring, a seeker, one who seeks

Notes: ΖΗΤΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb ΖΗΤΕΩ, meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function like an adjective or a noun. It refers to someone who is actively engaged in the process of seeking, searching, or inquiring after something or someone. It can be translated as 'seeking' when used adjectivally, or 'the one who seeks' when used substantively.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

Etymology: The verb ΖΗΤΕΩ is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is an ancient Greek word meaning 'to seek' or 'to search'.

G0476

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-THOO-pa-ton

Translations: proconsul, a proconsul

Notes: This word refers to a proconsul, a Roman provincial governor who held the authority of a consul. In the Roman Empire, a proconsul was appointed to govern a province, often after serving as a consul in Rome. Their role involved administering justice, collecting taxes, and maintaining order within their assigned territory. The word is a compound of 'anti' (ἀντί, meaning 'instead of' or 'in place of') and 'hypatos' (ὕπατος, meaning 'highest' or 'consul'), literally meaning 'one in place of a consul'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: The word is a compound of the Greek preposition ἀντί (anti), meaning 'instead of' or 'in place of', and the noun ὕπατος (hypatos), meaning 'highest' or 'consul'. It describes someone who holds authority in place of a consul.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: AH-po

Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of

Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G4130

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: PLAY-sthaice

Translations: having been filled, being filled, having become full, being full

Notes: This word is an aorist passive participle of the verb 'to fill' or 'to be full'. It describes someone or something that has been filled or has become full, often with a particular quality, emotion, or substance. It can be used to indicate a state of being complete or satisfied, or to describe the result of an action where something was filled.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΓΕΜΙΣΘΕΙΣ, ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TON

Translations: him, it, them, himself, itself, the same

Notes: This word is an inflection of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'him' or 'it' (singular), or 'them' (plural). It can also be used as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'himself' or 'itself', emphasizing the subject. Additionally, when used with an article, it can function as an adjective meaning 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the context and whether it's used alone or with an article.

Inflection: Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Singular; or Accusative, Masculine, Plural

G4134

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PLAY-rays

Translations: full, complete, filled, a full

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'full' or 'complete'. It describes something that is filled to capacity or lacking nothing. It can be used to describe a container that is full, a person who is full of a certain quality (like grace or wisdom), or a time that is complete.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩΝ, ΠΕΠΛΗΡΩΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΛΗΡΗΣ (plērēs) comes from the verb πίμπλημι (pimplēmi), meaning 'to fill'. It describes the state of being filled or complete.

G1388

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DO-loo

Translations: of deceit, of guile, of treachery, of fraud, of trickery

Notes: This word refers to deceit, guile, treachery, or trickery. It describes a cunning or deceptive way of acting or speaking, often with the intent to mislead or harm. It is typically used to characterize actions, words, or intentions that are not straightforward or honest.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΗ, ΠΑΝΟΥΡΓΙΑ, ΥΠΟΚΡΙΣΙΣ

Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to a word meaning 'bait' or 'snare'.

G4468

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rah-dee-oor-GHEE-as

Translations: of mischief, of villainy, of wickedness, of fraud, of trickery, of craftiness

Notes: This word refers to mischief, villainy, or fraudulent behavior. It describes actions that are done with ease but are morally wrong or harmful, often involving cunning or deceit. It is used to characterize a person or their actions as being full of trickery or wickedness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΟΛΟΣ, ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ῥᾳδιουργία (rhadiourgia) is a compound word derived from ῥᾴδιος (rhadios), meaning 'easy', and ἔργον (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It literally means 'easy-doing' or 'easy-working', but in a negative sense, referring to the ease with which one commits evil or mischievous acts.

G1228

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-ah-BOH-loo

Translations: (of) devil, (of) slanderer, (of) accuser, (of) an accuser

Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun ΔΙΑΒΟΛΟΣ (diabolos). It refers to an accuser, a slanderer, or the Devil. In the New Testament, it is most commonly used to refer to Satan, the chief adversary of God and humanity. It is a compound word formed from διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'across', and βάλλω (ballō), meaning 'to throw' or 'to cast', thus literally meaning 'one who throws across' or 'one who casts accusations'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΑΤΑΝΑΣ, ΑΝΤΙΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΣ, ΠΕΙΡΑΣΤΗΣ

G1343

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nays

Translations: of righteousness, of justice, of a righteousness, of a justice

Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right, just, or righteous. It encompasses both the state of being right with God and the act of doing what is right. It is often used in a theological context to describe divine justice or human uprightness.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ

Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns, indicating a state or quality.

G3756, G3757

Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OO

Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when

Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)

Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ

Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.

G3973

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: PAH-oo-see

Translations: cessation, rest, pause, end, a cessation, a rest, a pause, an end

Notes: This word refers to a cessation, a pause, or a rest from activity. It signifies the stopping of something, whether it be work, movement, or a state of being. It can be used in contexts where an action or process comes to an end.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΑΥΣΙΣ

Etymology: This word comes from the verb παύω (paúō), meaning 'to stop' or 'to cease'. It describes the state or act of stopping.

G1294

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-ah-STREH-fohn

Translations: perverting, distorting, turning aside, misleading, corrupting

Notes: This word describes the action of twisting, distorting, or perverting something from its original or proper state. It can refer to physical distortion, but more often it is used metaphorically to mean corrupting morals, misleading people, or turning someone away from truth or righteousness. It is often used to describe someone who actively causes others to go astray.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Masculine or Neuter, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΚΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΤΡΕΠΩ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G1762

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-see

Translations: fall, fall down, fall upon, come, happen, befall

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'πίπτω' (pipto), meaning 'to fall' or 'to come upon'. It describes an action of descending, collapsing, or occurring. It can be used in various contexts, such as a physical fall, an event happening, or something coming into existence or a state.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΙΠΤΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἔσῃ is an inflected form of the verb πίπτω (pipto), which means 'to fall'. Its etymology traces back to Proto-Indo-European roots related to falling or dropping.

G5185

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: TOO-flos

Translations: blind, a blind person

Notes: This word describes someone who is unable to see, either physically or spiritually. It can be used as an adjective to modify a noun (e.g., 'a blind man') or as a substantive noun itself to refer to a blind person (e.g., 'the blind'). In a metaphorical sense, it can refer to a lack of understanding or spiritual insight.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΟΡΑΤΟΣ, ΑΝΟΜΜΑΤΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of the word 'ΤΥΦΛΟΣ' is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to a root meaning 'to smoke' or 'to be dim', suggesting a connection to obscured vision.

G3361

Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb

Sounds like: MAY

Translations: not, lest, no, do not

Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: BLEH-pohn

Translations: seeing, looking, beholding, perceiving, watching

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'one who sees' or 'while seeing'. It describes an ongoing action of looking, observing, or perceiving. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or adverbially, indicating the circumstances of an action. It implies a continuous or habitual act of seeing or paying attention.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G2540

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kahee-ROO

Translations: of time, of a season, of the right time, of an opportune time, of a period

Notes: This word refers to a specific, opportune, or appointed time, a season, or a period. It emphasizes the quality or nature of a moment rather than its chronological duration. It is often used to denote a critical or decisive moment, or a suitable occasion for something to happen. As a genitive form, it typically indicates possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΧΡΟΝΟΥ, ΩΡΑΣ

G3916

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: pa-ra-KHRAY-ma

Translations: immediately, at once, forthwith, straightway, instantly

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'immediately' or 'at once'. It emphasizes the suddenness or instantaneous nature of an action, indicating that something happens without delay. It is often used to describe events that occur right after something else.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΥΘΕΩΣ, ΑΥΤΙΚΑ, ΤΑΧΕΩΣ

Etymology: This word is a compound of the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'by', and χρῆμα (chrēma), meaning 'thing' or 'matter', which in this context refers to 'the present moment'. The combination conveys the sense of 'right by the thing/moment', hence 'immediately'.

G4098

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-peh-sen

Translations: he fell, it fell, he collapsed, it collapsed, he dropped, it dropped, he perished, it perished

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'πίπτω' (pipto), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, indicating that 'he', 'she', or 'it' fell, collapsed, dropped, or perished. It can be used in various contexts, from a physical fall to the collapse of a structure or the perishing of a person or thing.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΕΣΩΝ, ΚΑΤΕΠΕΣΕΝ

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: ep-EE

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, by, in, for, in addition to, besides, after, during, when, because of, concerning

Notes: This word is a common Koine Greek preposition that can also function as an adverb or a prefix. Its meaning is highly dependent on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on, upon, over' (of place or time), 'in the time of', or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'on, upon, at' (of place), 'in addition to', 'for the purpose of', or 'because of'. With the accusative case, it typically means 'on, upon, to' (indicating motion towards), 'against', 'over' (of authority), or 'for' (of purpose). As a prefix, it generally adds the meaning of 'upon', 'over', 'to', or 'in addition'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΠΑΡΑ, ΥΠΕΡ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G0002

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AKH-loos

Translations: mist, a mist, darkness, a darkness, dimness, a dimness, blindness, a blindness

Notes: This word refers to a mist, cloudiness, or dimness, often implying a physical or metaphorical obscurity. It can describe a literal fog or haze, or a state of spiritual or intellectual blindness. In a medical context, it can refer to a dimness of sight or a film over the eyes, leading to impaired vision or blindness.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΟΤΟΣ, ΖΟΦΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to words signifying 'darkness' or 'mist'. It is connected to the concept of obscurity or dimness.

G4013

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective

Sounds like: peh-ree-AH-gohn

Translations: leading around, going about, traveling around, taking around, one who leads around, one who goes about

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb περιάγω (periagō), meaning 'to lead around' or 'to go about'. It is a compound word formed from περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. It describes an action of moving or guiding something or someone in a circular path, or simply moving from place to place. It can be used to describe someone who is traveling, wandering, or leading others on a circuitous route.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΠΑΤΕΩ, ΟΔΕΥΩ

Etymology: The verb περιάγω (periagō) is a compound of the preposition περί (peri), meaning 'around' or 'about', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.

G2212

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-ZAY-tee

Translations: he was seeking, he sought, he was looking for, he looked for

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ζητέω' (zēteō), meaning 'to seek' or 'to look for'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action of seeking in the past. The form 'ΕΖΗΤΙ' is a common misspelling or scribal error for 'ΕΖΗΤΕΙ' (ezētei), which is the imperfect active indicative third person singular of 'ζητέω'.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΖΗΤΕΩ, ΑΝΑΖΗΤΕΩ

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-DON

Translations: having seen, when he saw, when they saw, seeing, looking, perceiving

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle of the verb 'οράω' (orao), meaning 'to see' or 'to perceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has already occurred relative to the main verb. It often indicates the cause or circumstance of another action, such as 'having seen this, he did that'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΒΛΕΠΩΝ, ΘΕΩΡΩΝ

G0476

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: an-THOO-pah-tos

Translations: proconsul, a proconsul

Notes: This word refers to a Roman provincial governor, specifically one who held consular power without actually being a consul. They were appointed by the Roman Senate to govern a province, acting 'in place of' a consul. This is a compound word formed from 'anti' (instead of) and 'hypatos' (highest, consul).

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Greek preposition 'anti' (ἀντί), meaning 'instead of' or 'in place of', and 'hypatos' (ὕπατος), meaning 'highest' or 'supreme', which was used to refer to a consul. The term thus literally means 'one who is in place of a consul'.

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-GO-nos

Translations: that which has happened, that which has come into being, a thing that has occurred, an event, a fact, a deed

Notes: ΓΕΓΟΝΟΣ is the perfect active participle, neuter singular, nominative or accusative case, of the verb ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to happen'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or noun, describing something that has already come into existence or occurred. It can refer to an event, a fact, or a deed that has taken place.

Inflection: Perfect Active Participle, Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΓΜΑ, ΕΡΓΟΝ, ΓΕΝΟΜΕΝΟΝ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-sen

Translations: he believed, she believed, it believed, he trusted, she trusted, it trusted

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes an action of placing faith or confidence in someone or something. It is used to express conviction or reliance, often in a religious or personal context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑ, ΠΕΙΘΩ

Etymology: From PIE *bheidh- 'to trust, confide, persuade'. In Koine Greek, it developed from the root meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded', evolving into 'to believe' or 'to trust'.

G1607

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ek-PLEES-so-men-os

Translations: being astonished, being amazed, being struck with amazement, being overwhelmed

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'ekplēssō'. It describes someone who is in a state of being greatly astonished, amazed, or overwhelmed, often by something remarkable or unexpected. It conveys a strong sense of wonder or shock.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ, ΕΚΣΤΑΤΙΚΟΣ

Etymology: The verb 'ekplēssō' is a compound word formed from 'ek' (out of, from) and 'plēssō' (to strike, to smite). Thus, it literally means 'to strike out' or 'to strike out of one's senses', leading to the meaning of astonishing or astounding.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun

Sounds like: TAY

Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which

Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.

G1322

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: dee-DA-khee

Translations: teaching, instruction, doctrine, a teaching, an instruction, a doctrine

Notes: This word refers to the act of teaching, the content that is taught, or a specific body of instruction or doctrine. It can be used to describe the lessons given by a teacher, the principles of a particular belief system, or a general body of knowledge passed down. For example, one might speak of 'the teaching of Christ' or 'a new doctrine'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΓΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΔΙΔΑΧΗ" comes from the Greek verb "διδάσκω" (didaskō), meaning "to teach" or "to instruct." It refers to the act or result of teaching.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G4012

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PEH-ree

Translations: about, concerning, around, for, on behalf of, with respect to, at, near

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take either the genitive or accusative case, and its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'about', 'concerning', 'for', or 'on behalf of'. When used with the accusative case, it usually indicates spatial 'around', 'about' (in the sense of movement or position), 'at', or 'near'. It can also be used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'around' or 'excessive'.

Inflection: Governs Genitive or Accusative case; Does not inflect itself

Synonyms: ΥΠΕΡ, ΑΜΦΙ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *peri, meaning 'around, about'. It is cognate with English 'peri-' (as in 'perimeter') and Latin 'per'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EEL-thon

Translations: I came, I went, they came, they went

Notes: This word is an aorist form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The aorist tense describes an action that occurred at a specific point in the past, without emphasizing its duration or completion. It can be translated as 'I came/went' (first person singular) or 'they came/went' (third person plural), depending on the context.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word ἔρχομαι (erchomai) comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'to move' or 'to go'.

G4011

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PER-gayn

Translations: Perga, to Perga

Notes: Perga was an ancient city in Pamphylia, a region in Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). It is mentioned in the New Testament as a place visited by Paul and Barnabas during their first missionary journey. The word is used here in the accusative case, indicating movement towards or into the city.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Perga' is of ancient origin, likely pre-Greek, and its precise etymology is uncertain. It refers to the historical city in Pamphylia.

G0575

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: AP

Translations: from, away from, off, out of, by, with

Notes: This is a common Greek preposition that indicates separation, origin, or cause. It means 'from' or 'away from' and is often used to show the source of something, the point from which an action begins, or the agent by which something is done. When used as a prefix (ΑΠ- or ΑΠΟ-), it intensifies the idea of separation or completion, often meaning 'off, away, back, completely'. For example, in 'ἀποστέλλω' (apostellō), it means 'to send away'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: The word ἀπό (apo) comes from Proto-Indo-European *apo-, meaning 'off, away'. It is a very ancient and common preposition found across many Indo-European languages.

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pes-TREP-sen

Translations: returned, went back, came back

Notes: This word means 'returned' or 'went back'. It describes the action of someone or something going back to a previous place or state. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: From the preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb στρέφω (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G2414

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roh-SO-loo-mah

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This word refers to Jerusalem, the capital city of ancient Judea and a significant religious center for Jews and Christians. It is often used in the context of travel to or from the city, or events that took place within it.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Genitive (indeclinable in some contexts), Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from 'Urusalim', meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It has been known by various names throughout history.

G4011

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: PER-gays

Translations: Perga

Notes: Perga was an ancient city in Pamphylia, Asia Minor, located on the Cestrus River. It was famous for its temple of Artemis, a goddess often identified with the Greek Artemis. The city is mentioned in the New Testament as a place visited by Paul and Barnabas during their first missionary journey.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The origin of the name 'Perga' is uncertain, but it is believed to be of Anatolian or Luwian origin, possibly related to the local goddess worshiped there.

G3854

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pa-reh-GEH-non-toh

Translations: they came, they arrived, they were present

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and the verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to become' or 'to be.' Together, it means 'to come alongside,' 'to arrive,' or 'to be present.' It describes the act of someone or a group of people arriving at a particular place or being present at an event.

Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΗΚΩ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G0490

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: an-tee-O-khi-an

Translations: Antioch, to Antioch

Notes: This is the name of a prominent ancient city, Antioch. In the provided context, it is used as the destination of movement, indicating 'to Antioch'. There were several cities named Antioch in antiquity, but the most famous ones in the New Testament are Antioch in Syria (also known as Antioch on the Orontes) and Antioch in Pisidia.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Antioch' is derived from the Greek name 'Antiochos', which was a common name among the Hellenistic Seleucid dynasty, particularly Antiochus I Soter, who founded several cities named Antioch.

G4098

Part of Speech: Proper Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: pi-si-DEE-an

Translations: Pisidia, Pisidian

Notes: This word refers to Pisidia, an ancient region in Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey). It can be used as a proper noun to denote the region itself, or as an adjective to describe something originating from or belonging to Pisidia, such as 'Pisidian Antioch'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The name 'Pisidia' is of ancient origin, referring to a historical region in Anatolia. Its precise etymological roots are not fully clear, but it is a geographical name used since antiquity.

G1525

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ice-el-THON-tes

Translations: having entered, entering, who entered, when they entered, as they entered

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'eiserchomai', meaning 'to go in' or 'to enter'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred or is occurring in relation to the main verb of a sentence. It often functions adverbially, indicating the time, cause, or manner of the main action, or adjectivally, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ

G4864

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soo-nah-go-GAYN

Translations: synagogue, a synagogue, assembly, an assembly, gathering, a gathering, congregation, a congregation

Notes: This word refers to a gathering or assembly of people, often for religious purposes. It can also denote the place where such a gathering occurs, specifically a synagogue. It is used to describe both the act of assembling and the assembled group or building.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑ, ΣΥΝΑΞΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb συνάγω (synagō), meaning 'to bring together' or 'to assemble', which is itself formed from σύν (syn, 'with' or 'together') and ἄγω (agō, 'to lead' or 'to bring').

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G4396

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-fay-TON

Translations: of prophets

Notes: This word refers to those who speak for God or interpret His will, often foretelling future events. It is a compound word, combining 'pro' (before, forth) and 'phemi' (to speak). It is used to describe individuals who deliver divine messages or act as spokespersons for God.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΝΤΙΣ, ΘΕΟΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ' (prophetes) comes from the Greek prefix 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'forth', and the verb 'φημί' (phēmi), meaning 'to speak'. Thus, it literally means 'one who speaks forth' or 'one who speaks before' (either in time or on behalf of someone).

G4314

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PROSS

Translations: to, toward, with, against, for, at, near, by, in relation to

Notes: This is a common and versatile preposition in Koine Greek. It indicates direction, relation, or purpose, and its precise meaning often depends on the case of the noun it governs. For example, with the accusative case, it typically means 'to' or 'toward' (indicating motion or direction), 'against' (indicating opposition), or 'in relation to'. With the genitive case, it can mean 'from' (indicating origin or source) or 'in the presence of'. With the dative case, it can mean 'at' or 'near' (indicating proximity). It is used to express a wide range of relationships between actions, objects, and people.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs various cases (accusative, genitive, dative).

Synonyms: ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'forward, toward'. It is related to other words indicating movement or direction.

G0080

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ah-del-FOY

Translations: brothers, fellow believers, countrymen, kinsmen

Notes: This word refers to brothers, either by blood or in a broader sense, such as fellow countrymen, kinsmen, or members of the same community or faith. It is a compound word formed from 'α-' (a-, meaning 'together' or 'same') and 'δελφύς' (delphys, meaning 'womb'), literally meaning 'from the same womb'. It is commonly used to address a group of male individuals who share a close bond or common origin.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΔΕΛΦΟΙ, ΣΥΓΓΕΝΕΙΣ, ΟΜΟΦΥΛΟΙ

G1487, G1488

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb

Sounds like: AY

Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be

Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)

Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ

Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.

G5101

Part of Speech: Interrogative Pronoun, Indefinite Pronoun, Interrogative Adjective

Sounds like: TEES

Translations: who, what, which, what kind of, someone, something, anyone, anything, a certain one, a certain thing

Notes: ΤΙΣ is a versatile pronoun and adjective in Koine Greek. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', or 'anything', often implying an unspecified person or thing. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it has an accent.

Inflection: Singular or Plural, Masculine, Feminine, or Neuter, Nominative, Genitive, Dative, or Accusative. It is a highly inflected word.

Etymology: The word ΤΙΣ is an ancient Greek word, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European roots. It has cognates in many other Indo-European languages, indicating its long history and fundamental role in language.

G3056

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LOH-goss

Translations: word, a word, reason, a reason, account, an account, speech, a speech, message, a message, report, a report, thing, a thing, matter, a matter, saying, a saying, discourse, a discourse

Notes: The word 'logos' is a fundamental term in Koine Greek with a wide range of meanings. It can refer to a spoken or written word, a statement, a message, or a command. Beyond simple communication, it also encompasses concepts like reason, logic, an account, a narrative, or even a divine utterance or principle. Its specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say, speak'. It refers to something said or thought, and its meaning evolved to encompass both speech and the underlying reason or thought.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAS

Translations: having risen, rising, standing up, having stood up, having appeared, appearing, having been raised, being raised

Notes: This word is the masculine singular nominative active aorist participle of the verb 'ἀνίστημι' (anistēmi). It describes an action that has already occurred or is completed in relation to the main verb, indicating someone or something that has risen, stood up, or been raised. It is often used to refer to resurrection or a general act of rising.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Active, Aorist Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G2692

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-see-GAH-sas

Translations: having silenced, having quieted, having restrained

Notes: This word is the Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular form of the verb 'κατασιγάζω' (katasigazo). It means 'to silence completely' or 'to quiet down'. As a participle, it describes an action that has been completed before the main verb, often translated as 'having silenced' or 'having quieted'. It implies bringing something or someone to a state of complete quiet or stillness, often by authoritative action or by overcoming noise/agitation.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Masculine, Nominative Singular

Synonyms: ΣΙΓΑΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The verb 'κατασιγάζω' (katasigazo) is a compound word formed from 'κατά' (kata), meaning 'down' or 'completely', and 'σιγάζω' (sigazo), meaning 'to silence' or 'to keep silent'. The prefix 'κατά' intensifies the meaning of the verb, indicating a complete or thorough silencing.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

G3940

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pah-roy-KEE-ah

Translations: sojourning, a sojourning, temporary residence, living as a foreigner, alien residence

Notes: This word refers to the state of living as a foreigner or an alien in a place, implying a temporary residence rather than a permanent home. It describes the condition of being a sojourner or a stranger in a land that is not one's own. It can be used to describe the period of time spent in such a state or the community of foreigners themselves.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΟΙΚΗΣΙΣ, ΞΕΝΙΑ

Etymology: From the Greek word πάροικος (paroikos), meaning 'dwelling near, neighboring, a sojourner, an alien resident', which is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside, near', and οἶκος (oikos), meaning 'house, dwelling'.

G1806

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-AY-gah-gen

Translations: he led out, he brought out, he led forth, he brought forth

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to lead out' or 'to bring out'. It describes the action of guiding or taking someone or something from one place to another, typically from an enclosed space or a state of confinement into an open or free area. It is often used in contexts of liberation or departure.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΠΑΓΩ, ΕΚΦΕΡΩ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ἐξάγω (exagō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ἐκ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ἄγω (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'.

G1537, G1803

Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral

Sounds like: eks

Translations: out of, from, by, of, six

Notes: This word can function in two main ways. As a preposition, it means 'out of' or 'from', indicating origin, source, or separation. It is always used with the genitive case. It can also denote the agent or cause of something. As a numeral, it means 'six'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΕΚ, ΕΞΑ

Etymology: As a preposition, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'out'. As a numeral, it comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'six'.

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G5159

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-tro-po-fo-REE-sen

Translations: he endured, he bore with, he put up with, he tolerated

Notes: This word describes the act of enduring or bearing with someone or something, often implying patience and tolerance despite difficulties. It can be used to describe someone who puts up with the behavior or characteristics of others. The word is a compound of 'τροπος' (manner, way) and 'φορεω' (to bear, carry), suggesting 'to bear with someone's ways'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΥΠΟΜΕΝΩ

G2049

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-reh-MOH

Translations: to make desolate, to lay waste, to destroy, to devastate, to leave desolate

Notes: This verb means to make something desolate, to lay it waste, or to destroy it. It describes the act of causing a place or thing to become empty, deserted, or ruined. It can be used to describe the destruction of cities, lands, or even the desolation of a person's life or spirit.

Inflection: First Person Singular, Present Active Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΝΙΖΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΦΘΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: From ἔρημος (erēmos), meaning 'desolate, solitary, desert'. The verb form means to make something desolate.

G2507

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ka-theh-LOHN

Translations: taking down, pulling down, throwing down, casting down, destroying, abolishing, deposing

Notes: ΚΑΘΕΛΩΝ is the masculine singular aorist active participle of the verb ΚΑΘΑΙΡΩ. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΚΑΤΑ (down) and the verb ΑΙΡΩ (to take, lift). It generally means 'taking down' or 'pulling down' and can refer to physical objects, structures, or even abstract concepts like power or authority. It implies an action of bringing something from a higher position to a lower one, or completely dismantling it.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΙΡΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΚΑΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ

G5477

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: KHAH-nah-ahn

Translations: Canaan

Notes: This word refers to Canaan, a historical region in the Ancient Near East, located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea. It is frequently mentioned in the Bible as the 'Promised Land' given to the Israelites. It is used to denote the land itself or its inhabitants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (indeclinable proper noun)

Etymology: The word 'Canaan' is of Semitic origin, likely from a root meaning 'to be low, humble, subjugated'. It refers to the historical region and its inhabitants.

G2624

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tek-lay-ro-no-MEH-sen

Translations: he inherited, he obtained by inheritance, he allotted, he distributed by lot, he gave as an inheritance

Notes: This word describes the act of inheriting something, receiving it as an inheritance, or conversely, the act of giving or distributing something as an inheritance, often by lot. It implies a transfer of possession or right, typically through a legal or divine decree. It is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'according to') and the verb κληρονομέω (klēronoméō, meaning 'to inherit').

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΚΛΗΡΟΝΟΜΕΩ, ΚΛΗΡΟΔΟΤΕΩ

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYN

Translations: earth, an earth, land, a land, ground, a ground, country, a country, region, a region

Notes: ΓΗΝ is the accusative singular form of the noun ΓΗ, meaning 'earth', 'land', 'ground', 'country', or 'region'. It is used to indicate the direct object of a verb or the destination of motion, often translated as 'to the earth' or 'into the land' depending on the context and accompanying prepositions. It can refer to the planet, a specific territory, or the soil itself.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΓΕΑ

G2193

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb, Preposition

Sounds like: EH-ohs

Translations: until, while, as long as, up to, even to, as far as

Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a point in time or extent in space. It is commonly translated as 'until' or 'as long as' when referring to time, and 'up to' or 'as far as' when referring to space. It can also mean 'while' or 'during the time that', often introducing a temporal clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΜΕΧΡΙ, ΑΧΡΙ, ΠΡΙΝ

Etymology: From a prolonged form of a primary particle. It is an ancient Greek word with a long history of use in temporal and spatial contexts.

G0154

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-TEE-san-toh

Translations: they asked, they requested, they demanded

Notes: This word is the aorist middle indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'αἰτέω' (aiteō), meaning 'to ask' or 'to request'. It describes an action of asking or requesting that was completed in the past, with the subject performing the action for themselves or in their own interest. It indicates that 'they' were the ones who asked or requested something.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΖΗΤΕΩ

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

G3346

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: meh-THISS-tahss

Translations: having removed, having displaced, having transferred, having departed, having turned away

Notes: This word is the aorist active participle (masculine, nominative, singular) of the verb μεθίστημι (methistēmi). It is a compound word formed from μετά (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. The verb generally means to remove, displace, or transfer someone or something from one place or state to another. It can also imply a change of position or a departure.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Singular, Masculine, Nominative

Synonyms: ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ

G3140

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: mar-too-RAY-sas

Translations: having testified, having borne witness, having given testimony

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning it describes an action that was completed prior to the main verb of the sentence. It indicates someone who has already given testimony or borne witness to something. It functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can often be translated with a clause like 'the one who testified' or 'when he had testified'.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative Singular Masculine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΩΝ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΑΣ

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G2596

Part of Speech: Prefix, Preposition

Sounds like: KAT

Translations: down, against, according to, throughout, during

Notes: This is an elided form of the Greek preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down', 'against', 'according to', 'throughout', or 'during'. It is frequently used as a prefix in compound verbs and nouns, indicating a downward motion, completion, intensity, or opposition. For example, in 'κατέβη' (katebē), it means 'went down', and in 'καταπιεῖν' (katapiein), it means 'to swallow down'. The final alpha (α) is often dropped when the next word or part of the compound begins with a vowel, or when it's followed by certain consonants.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a prefix); functions as a preposition that takes the genitive or accusative case.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΙΣ, ΕΠΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kmt- 'down, with, against'. It is a common Greek preposition that has been used since ancient times.

G0071

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hay-GAH-gen

Translations: he led, he brought, he carried, he went

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'he led,' 'he brought,' or 'he carried.' It describes an action of guiding, transporting, or moving something or someone from one place to another. It can also mean 'he went' or 'he departed' in certain contexts. It is used to describe a completed action in the past.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΕΡΩ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΑΓΩ

Etymology: The word comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lead, to drive, to pull'.

G4296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pro-kay-RYX-an-tos

Translations: having proclaimed beforehand, having preached beforehand, of one who proclaimed beforehand

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'προκηρύσσω', meaning 'to proclaim beforehand' or 'to preach in advance'. It describes an action that has already taken place, performed by the subject. It is often used to refer to someone who has announced or heralded something before its occurrence.

Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΠΡΟΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-noo

Translations: of John

Notes: This is the genitive form of the proper noun 'John'. It refers to the well-known biblical figure, John the Baptist, or other individuals named John. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin, such as 'the son of John' or 'the book of John'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name 'John' is derived from the Hebrew name 'Yochanan', meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a common name in ancient Israel and became prominent through figures like John the Baptist and John the Apostle.

G4253

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: PRO

Translations: before, in front of, for, on behalf of, in the presence of, prior to, instead of

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically takes the genitive case. It can indicate a spatial relationship, meaning 'before' or 'in front of' something or someone. It can also denote a temporal relationship, meaning 'before' in time, or a causal relationship, meaning 'for' or 'on behalf of' someone or something. In some contexts, it can also mean 'instead of' or 'in the presence of'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΜΠΡΟΣΘΕΝ, ΑΝΤΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'before, in front of'. It is cognate with English 'for' and Latin 'pro'.

G4383

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pro-SO-poo

Translations: of face, of countenance, of presence, of person, of a face, of a countenance, of a presence, of a person

Notes: This word refers primarily to the 'face' or 'countenance' of a person or thing. It can also denote 'presence' or 'appearance'. In a broader sense, it can refer to the 'person' or 'individual' themselves. It is often used in phrases like 'from the face of' or 'before the face of' to mean 'from the presence of' or 'before the presence of'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΨΙΣ, ΕΙΔΟΣ, ΜΟΡΦΗ

Etymology: The word 'ΠΡΟΣΩΠΟΝ' is derived from the Greek preposition 'πρός' (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and 'ὤψ' (ōps), meaning 'eye' or 'face'. It literally means 'that which is before the eyes' or 'that which is turned towards'.

G3341

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: meh-tah-NOY-ahs

Translations: of repentance, of a change of mind, of a change of heart

Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or repentance. It signifies a fundamental shift in one's thinking, attitude, or direction, often implying a moral or spiritual transformation. It is frequently used in contexts of turning away from sin and towards God. It is a compound word formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'after' or 'with', and 'νοέω' (noeo), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-LEE-roo

Translations: he was filling, it was filling, he was fulfilling, it was fulfilling, he was completing, it was completing, he was making full, it was making full

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'πληρόω' (plēroō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means to fill, to make full, to complete, or to fulfill. It can refer to physically filling something, or metaphorically fulfilling a prophecy or completing a task.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΓΕΜΙΖΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΣΥΜΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: The word 'πληρόω' (plēroō) comes from 'πλήρης' (plērēs), meaning 'full' or 'complete'. It describes the action of making something full or complete.

G2491

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-oh-AN-nays

Translations: John

Notes: This is a common biblical name, equivalent to the English 'John'. It is a masculine proper noun frequently appearing in the New Testament, referring to several individuals such as John the Baptist, John the Apostle, and John Mark. It is derived from a Hebrew name meaning 'Yahweh is gracious'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Etymology: From the Hebrew name Yochanan (יוחנן), meaning 'Yahweh is gracious' or 'God is gracious'. It was a very common name among Jews in the Hellenistic period.

G5101

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE

Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing

Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.

G5282

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-po-no-EE-tai

Translations: it is supposed, it is suspected, it is implied, it is understood, it is meant

Notes: This word describes something that is supposed, suspected, or implied, rather than explicitly stated. It indicates an underlying meaning or an assumption made by someone. It is used impersonally, meaning 'it is supposed' or 'it is understood'.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΝΟΕΩ, ΕΝΝΟΕΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὑπό (hypó, “under, by”) + νοέω (noéō, “to perceive, to think”). It literally means 'to think under' or 'to have a thought underneath'.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EE-nah-ee

Translations: to be, to exist, to happen, to occur

Notes: This is the infinitive form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It signifies existence, occurrence, or a state of being. It is often used with other verbs to form periphrastic constructions or to express purpose or result. For example, it can mean 'to be' in the sense of 'he wants to be good' or 'it is about to happen'.

Inflection: Infinitive

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΕΙΝ, ΓΙΝΕΣΘΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- 'to be'. It is cognate with English 'is' and Latin 'esse'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-mee

Translations: to be, I am, you are, he is, she is, it is, we are, they are, to exist, to happen, to occur, to come to pass

Notes: This is the Greek verb 'to be', one of the most fundamental verbs in the language. It is used to express existence, identity, or a state of being. It can function as a linking verb, connecting the subject to a predicate noun or adjective, or it can indicate simple existence or occurrence. Its meaning often depends on the context and the case of the noun or pronoun it accompanies.

Inflection: Infinitive or First Person Singular Present Active Indicative. It is a highly irregular verb with many forms for person, number, tense, mood, and voice.

Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'eimi' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is a very ancient and fundamental verb found across many Indo-European languages.

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ER-kheh-teh

Translations: you come, you go, he comes, he goes, it comes, it goes, they come, they go, come!, go!

Notes: This is a form of the verb 'erchomai', meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is a very common verb used to describe movement towards or away from a place or person. Depending on context, it can be interpreted as a second person plural present indicative (you all come/go), a third person singular present indicative (he/she/it comes/goes), or a second person plural present imperative (come!/go!). The specific meaning is determined by the surrounding words and the overall sentence structure.

Inflection: Present Indicative (2nd Person Plural or 3rd Person Singular) or Present Imperative (2nd Person Plural), All Genders, All Cases

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΓΩ

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to

Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.

G0514

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: AX-ee-os

Translations: worthy, deserving, suitable, fitting, a worthy, a deserving

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something or someone as having a certain value, merit, or suitability. It is used to indicate that a person or thing is deserving of something, whether it be praise, punishment, or a particular status. It can also mean that something is appropriate or fitting for a given situation. For example, one might be 'worthy of honor' or an action might be 'fitting for the occasion'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΥΛΟΓΗΤΟΣ, ΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΞΙΟΣ' is believed to derive from the Proto-Indo-European root *ag- meaning 'to drive, draw, move'. It is related to concepts of weighing or balancing, suggesting a sense of having equal weight or value.

G5266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hoo-po-DEE-ma

Translations: sandal, a sandal, shoe, a shoe

Notes: This word refers to a sandal or a shoe, a covering for the foot. In ancient contexts, sandals were commonly worn. The act of taking off a sandal could signify a legal transaction, a transfer of property, or entering sacred ground.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΣΑΝΔΑΛΙΟΝ, ΠΕΔΙΛΟΝ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ὑπό (hypo), meaning 'under', and δέω (deo), meaning 'to bind'. Thus, it literally means 'that which is bound under' the foot.

G2730

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: kah-toy-KOON-tes

Translations: dwelling, inhabiting, residing, living, those who dwell, those who inhabit, those who reside, those who live

Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'katoikeō', meaning 'to dwell' or 'to inhabit'. It describes someone or something that is currently dwelling or residing in a place. When used as a noun, it refers to 'those who dwell' or 'the inhabitants' of a particular area. It is often used to describe people living in a specific region or on the earth.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΕΝΟΙΚΟΥΝΤΕΣ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-ton

Translations: this, this one, him, it

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ

G0050

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ag-noh-EE-san-tes

Translations: being ignorant, having been ignorant, not knowing, having not known

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'agnoeō', meaning 'to be ignorant of' or 'not to know'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state of the subject. In this form, it indicates an action completed in the past (aorist tense) by the subject, specifically that they 'were ignorant' or 'did not know' something. It is used to describe a group of masculine individuals who performed this action.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΝΩΜΟΝΕΣ, ΑΓΝΩΣΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'agnoeō' is a compound of the negative prefix 'a-' (meaning 'not' or 'without') and 'gnoeo' (from 'ginōskō'), meaning 'to know'. Thus, it literally means 'not to know' or 'to be without knowledge'.

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: PAN

Translations: all, every, whole, everything, a whole

Notes: This word is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΠΑΣ (pas), meaning 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate totality or universality. For example, it can mean 'all things' or 'everything' when used substantively, or 'the whole' when modifying a singular noun. It can also be used to mean 'every' when referring to individual items within a group.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΠΑΣ (pas) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *peh₂- meaning 'to protect, feed'. Its meaning evolved to 'all' or 'whole' in Greek.

G0314

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-gee-NOH-skoh-meh-nas

Translations: being read, being recognized, being known

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'anaginōskō', meaning 'to read' or 'to recognize'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is in the process of being read or recognized by someone. It indicates an ongoing action where the subject is the recipient of the action of reading or knowing.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ

G2919

Part of Speech: Verb Participle

Sounds like: KREE-nan-tes

Translations: judging, having judged, deciding, having decided, discerning, having discerned, condemning, having condemned

Notes: ΚΡΙΝΑΝΤΕΣ is the aorist active participle of the verb ΚΡΙΝΩ. It describes an action of judging, deciding, or discerning that has already occurred. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and can also convey a temporal or causal relationship to the main verb in a sentence. For example, 'having judged, they acted' or 'because they judged, they acted'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΚΑΖΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΚΡΙΝΟΝΤΕΣ

G4137

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-lay-ROH-san

Translations: they fulfilled, they completed, they filled, they accomplished, they carried out

Notes: This word is a verb meaning to fill, complete, fulfill, or accomplish. It can refer to filling something physically, like a container, or to fulfilling a prophecy, completing a task, or bringing something to its full measure. It is often used in the context of time, meaning to bring a period of time to its end or completion.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΑΝΑΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΕΚΠΛΗΡΟΩ

Etymology: From PLERES (full) and the suffix -OO, meaning to make full or complete.

G3367

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: may-deh-MEE-ahn

Translations: no, not one, none, not any, (not) a single

Notes: This word is a compound negative adjective or pronoun, meaning 'no one', 'nothing', or 'not any'. It is used to emphasize the complete absence of something, often in a prohibitive or conditional context. It combines the negative particle 'μη' (mē) with 'εἷς' (heis), meaning 'one'.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΟΥΔΕΙΣ, ΟΥΔΕΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΗΔΕΙΣ is a compound of the negative particle μή (mē), meaning 'not', and εἷς (heis), meaning 'one'. It developed in ancient Greek to express a strong, subjective negation of 'one' or 'any', particularly in contexts of prohibition or potentiality.

G0156

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ai-TEE-ah

Translations: cause, reason, charge, accusation, fault, guilt, a cause, a reason, a charge, an accusation, a fault, a guilt

Notes: This word is a feminine noun meaning 'cause,' 'reason,' 'charge,' or 'accusation.' It refers to the underlying factor or motive behind an event or action, or the ground for a legal charge. It can be used in contexts ranging from philosophical discussions about causality to legal proceedings where someone is accused of a crime.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ, ΛΟΓΟΣ

Etymology: From the verb αἰτέω (aiteō), meaning 'to ask, beg, demand.' The noun form refers to that which is asked for or demanded as a reason or cause.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: yoo-RON-tes

Translations: finding, having found, those who found, when they found

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to find'. It describes an action of finding that has already occurred or is occurring. It can function adverbially, indicating the circumstances or time of another action, or substantively, referring to the people who performed the action of finding. For example, it can mean 'having found' or 'those who found'.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ

G0337

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-nah-ee-reh-THEH-nah-ee

Translations: to be taken up, to be taken away, to be killed, to be put to death, to be destroyed

Notes: This word is the aorist passive infinitive form of the verb 'anaireō'. It means 'to be taken up' or 'to be taken away', often with the implication of being removed from life, hence 'to be killed' or 'to be put to death'. It describes an action done to the subject, rather than by the subject, and refers to a completed action without specifying when it happened. It is frequently used in contexts of execution or violent death.

Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: APOKTEINO, THANATOO, ANOTHEO

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀναιρέω (anaireō), which is a compound of ἀνά (ana, 'up, again') and αἱρέω (haireō, 'to take, to seize'). The combination implies 'to take up' or 'to take away'.

G5055

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-TEH-leh-san

Translations: they finished, they completed, they accomplished, they brought to an end, they fulfilled

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to finish', 'to complete', 'to accomplish', or 'to bring to an end'. It is used to describe an action that has been brought to its conclusion or perfection. In this form, it indicates that 'they' (a group of people) performed the action in the past.

Inflection: Third person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΕΩ comes from the Greek word ΤΕΛΟΣ (TELOS), meaning 'end', 'goal', or 'completion'. It signifies the act of bringing something to its intended conclusion or perfection.

G1125

Part of Speech: Participle, Noun

Sounds like: ge-GRAH-meh-nah

Translations: written things, things written, what is written, the scriptures

Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle, neuter plural, of the verb 'γράφω' (graphō), meaning 'to write'. As a participle, it describes something that has been written. In its neuter plural form, it often functions as a noun, referring to 'the things that have been written' or 'what is written', commonly used to refer to sacred texts or scriptures.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΒΙΒΛΙΑ, ΓΡΑΦΑΙ

Etymology: The word 'γράφω' (graphō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to scratch, to carve, to write'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages referring to drawing, engraving, or writing.

G2507

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: kah-theh-LON-tes

Translations: taking down, pulling down, destroying, demolishing, overthrowing

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle derived from the verb 'καθαιρέω'. It means 'taking down', 'pulling down', 'destroying', or 'demolishing'. As a participle, it describes an action performed by the subject of the sentence, often functioning like a verb or an adjective, indicating that someone or something is in the act of bringing something down or destroying it.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΑΤΩΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΚΑΤΑΣΚΑΨΑΝΤΕΣ

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EH-thay-kan

Translations: they placed, they put, they laid, they appointed, they made

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people. It can be used in various contexts, such as placing an object somewhere, laying something down, or even appointing someone to a position or making something happen.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΑΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΕΠΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb τίθημι (tithemi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-, meaning 'to put, place, set'. This root is the source of many words across various Indo-European languages.

G3419

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MNEE-mee-on

Translations: tomb, a tomb, monument, a monument, sepulchre, a sepulchre

Notes: This word refers to a memorial, monument, or tomb. It is typically used to denote a place where a deceased person is buried or commemorated, often a cave or a constructed structure.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΑΦΟϹ, ΜΝΗΜΑ

Etymology: Derived from the Greek word μνῆμα (mnema), meaning 'memorial' or 'remembrance', which itself comes from the verb μιμνήσκω (mimnesko), 'to remind' or 'to remember'.

G3498

Part of Speech: Noun, Adjective

Sounds like: NEK-ron

Translations: of the dead, of dead ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of 'ΝΕΚΡΟΣ', meaning 'dead' or 'a dead person'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of the dead' or 'belonging to the dead'. It can refer to deceased individuals collectively or to the state of being dead.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΩΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΩΝ

Etymology: From an ancient root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to be still', related to the idea of a corpse or something lifeless.

G3708

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: OHF-thay

Translations: was seen, appeared, was made visible

Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist, passive, indicative form of the verb 'ὁράω' (horao), meaning 'to see'. Therefore, 'ὤφθη' translates to 'he/she/it was seen' or 'he/she/it appeared'. It describes an action that occurred in the past and was completed, where the subject was the recipient of the action of being seen or becoming visible.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΩ, ΔΕΙΚΝΥΜΙ

Etymology: The root 'ὁράω' (horao) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It is related to other Greek words concerning sight and appearance.

G4872

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: soon-ah-nah-BAH-sin

Translations: those who went up with, companions on the journey, fellow travelers

Notes: This word is a compound noun derived from the verb 'συναναβαίνω' (to go up with). It refers to individuals who ascend or travel together with someone else, implying companionship on a journey, especially one involving an ascent. It is used to describe fellow travelers or companions who shared a common upward journey.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΔΟΙΠΟΡΟΙ, ΣΥΝΕΠΙΒΑΤΑΙ

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: ow-TOH

Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same

Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.

G2419

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-eh-roo-sa-LEEM

Translations: Jerusalem

Notes: This is the name of the ancient city of Jerusalem, a significant city in the history of Judaism and Christianity. It is often referred to as the Holy City and is central to many biblical narratives. As a proper noun, it functions as the subject or object in a sentence, referring specifically to this particular city.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The name 'Jerusalem' is of Semitic origin, likely meaning 'foundation of Shalem' or 'city of peace'. It is derived from ancient Hebrew roots and has been known by various names throughout history, but Jerusalem is its most enduring form.

G3144

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MAR-too-res

Translations: witnesses, a witness

Notes: This word refers to individuals who have seen or heard something and can provide testimony or evidence. It is used in legal contexts for those who give evidence in court, or more generally for those who attest to the truth of something. It can also refer to someone who bears witness to a belief, even to the point of death (from which the English word 'martyr' is derived).

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine

Synonyms: ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΑ, ΜΑΡΤΥΡΙΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΜΑΡΤΥΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *smer- meaning 'to remember, to care for'. It is related to words concerning memory and remembrance, as a witness is someone who remembers and recounts events.

G2097

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-ang-geh-LEE-zoh-meh-thah

Translations: we preach the gospel, we bring good news, we announce good tidings

Notes: This is a verb in the present tense, middle voice, and indicative mood, meaning 'we preach the gospel' or 'we bring good news'. It describes the act of proclaiming or announcing good tidings, often with a religious or spiritual connotation. It is a compound word formed from 'ευ' (good) and 'αγγελλω' (to announce/proclaim).

Inflection: First Person, Plural, Present Tense, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

G1096

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: geh-no-MEH-neen

Translations: having become, having come to be, having happened, having occurred, having arisen, having been made, having been done

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai), meaning 'to become,' 'to come into being,' 'to happen,' or 'to be made.' As a participle, it describes an action that has already taken place, functioning like an adjective or adverb to modify a noun or verb. It indicates a completed state or event, often translated with 'having been' or 'having become' followed by a past participle.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Feminine, Singular, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΓΟΝΥΙΑΝ, ΠΕΦΥΚΥΙΑΝ

G3754

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun

Sounds like: OH-tee

Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which

Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ

Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective

Sounds like: tow-TEEN

Translations: this, this one, this thing, her, it

Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΑΥΤΗΝ (TAUTEN). It is the accusative singular feminine form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'this one'. It is used to point out something specific, often referring to a feminine noun or concept previously mentioned or understood from context. It can function as a pronoun, standing in for a noun, or as an adjective, modifying a noun.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: ah-nah-STAY-sas

Translations: having raised, having stood up, having caused to rise, having restored, having appointed

Notes: This word is an aorist active participle of the verb 'anistemi', meaning 'to raise up', 'to stand up', or 'to cause to rise'. As a participle, it describes an action that has already occurred and functions adjectivally or adverbially, often indicating the agent of the action. It can refer to raising someone from the dead, causing someone to stand, or appointing someone to a position.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine, Aorist Active Participle

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ

G5207

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: HUI-os

Translations: son, a son

Notes: This word refers to a male offspring, a son. It is a masculine noun and is commonly used to denote a direct descendant or, in a broader sense, someone who shares a close relationship or characteristic with another, such as 'sons of God' or 'sons of disobedience'. It can also refer to a young man or a male child.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ

Etymology: From an unused root, probably meaning 'to beget'. It is related to the concept of generation and lineage.

G1080

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: geh-GEN-nee-kah

Translations: I have begotten, I have given birth to, I have produced

Notes: This word means 'I have begotten' or 'I have given birth to'. It is a perfect tense verb, indicating an action that was completed in the past but has ongoing results or a continuing state in the present. It is used to describe the act of bringing something into existence, whether literally (like a child) or figuratively (like an idea or a nation).

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΙΚΤΩ, ΦΥΩ, ΠΟΙΕΩ

Etymology: The word γεννάω (gennaō) comes from the Greek root γένος (genos), meaning 'race, stock, kin'. It is related to the idea of lineage and procreation.

G0450

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: an-ES-tay-sen

Translations: he raised, he stood up, he caused to rise, he appointed

Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'anistemi'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, indicating that 'he' or 'it' raised something, stood up, or caused something to rise. It can also refer to appointing someone to a position.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΓΕΙΡΩ, ΟΡΘΟΩ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΩ

Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀνίστημι (anístēmi), from ἀνά (aná, “up, upward”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand, to set”).

G3195

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: MEL-lon-tah

Translations: about to, going to, future, things to come, those who are about to

Notes: This word is a present active participle of the verb 'μέλλω', meaning 'to be about to' or 'to be going to'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or a noun, describing something that is imminent or in the future. It can refer to future events, future people, or things that are destined to happen. In the provided examples, it refers to 'future things' or 'those who are about to'.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ἘΣΟΜΕΝΑ, ΓΕΝΗΣΟΜΕΝΑ

G5290

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: hoo-pos-TREH-fin

Translations: to return, to turn back, to go back

Notes: This word is the present active infinitive form of the verb 'ὑποστρέφω' (hypostrephō), meaning 'to return' or 'to turn back'. It describes the action of going back to a previous place or state. It is often used to indicate a physical return journey.

Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΝΑΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ

Etymology: The word 'ὑποστρέφω' (hypostrephō) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ὑπό' (hypo), meaning 'under' or 'back', and the verb 'στρέφω' (strephō), meaning 'to turn'. Thus, it literally means 'to turn back' or 'to turn under'.

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ee-RAY-ken

Translations: he has said, he has spoken, he has told, he said, he spoke, he told

Notes: This word is the perfect active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'lego' (to say/speak). It signifies a completed action with ongoing results, meaning 'he has said' or 'he has spoken'. It is often used to refer to a statement made in the past that still holds true or has relevance in the present.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΛΕΛΑΛΗΚΕΝ, ΕΦΗ

Etymology: The root verb ΕΡΩ (erō) is an alternative or poetic form of the more common verb ΛΕΓΩ (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-soh

Translations: I will give, I will grant, I will bestow, I will put, I will place

Notes: This word is the first person singular future active indicative form of the verb 'δίδωμι' (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It indicates an action that the speaker will perform in the future, such as 'I will give' or 'I will grant'. It is commonly used to express promises, intentions, or future actions of giving or providing something.

Inflection: Future Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΩΣΕΙ, ΔΩΣΟΜΕΝ

Etymology: The word 'δίδωμι' (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present stem, a common feature in ancient Greek verbs.

G3741

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: O-SEE-ah

Translations: holy, pious, righteous, devout, sacred, pure, a holy thing, sacred things

Notes: This word describes something or someone as holy, pious, or righteous, especially in the sense of fulfilling one's duties towards God or the gods. It can refer to actions that are morally right and in accordance with divine law, or to things that are sacred. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, indicating their quality of holiness or piety. It can also function as a substantive, referring to 'holy things' or 'sacred duties'.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; or Neuter, Nominative, Accusative, Vocative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ, ΕΥΣΕΒΗΣ

G4103

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PIS-tah

Translations: faithful, trustworthy, true, reliable, faithful things, true things, trustworthy things

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something or someone as faithful, trustworthy, or reliable. It can refer to a person who is loyal and dependable, or to things that are true and certain. In the provided context, it appears to be used in the neuter plural, referring to 'faithful things' or 'true matters'.

Inflection: Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter, Plural; or Nominative or Vocative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΒΕΒΑΙΟΣ, ΕΓΓΥΟΣ

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-roh

Translations: (to) another, (for) another, (to) a different one, (for) a different one, (to) other, (for) other, (to) a different, (for) a different

Notes: This word means 'another' or 'different', emphasizing a qualitative distinction from something else. It is used to refer to something of a different kind or nature, as opposed to 'ἄλλος' (ALLOS), which refers to another of the same kind. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that is distinct in character.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word ἝΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'.

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: DOH-sees

Translations: you will give, you may give, you should give, that you give

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to give'. It can be either a future tense verb, meaning 'you will give', or an aorist subjunctive verb, which expresses a potential action or a command, often translated as 'you may give' or 'you should give'. It is used when referring to a single person performing the action of giving.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Future Active Indicative or Aorist Active Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩ, ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩΜΙ

Etymology: The word δίδωμι (didomi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *deh₃- meaning 'to give'. It is a reduplicated present tense form, which emphasizes the ongoing or repeated nature of the action in some contexts.

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-din

Translations: to know, to see, to perceive, to understand

Notes: This is the perfect active infinitive form of the verb 'oida', meaning 'to know' or 'to see'. It is used to express the action of knowing or seeing without specifying a subject or tense, often functioning as a complement to another verb (e.g., 'I want to know'). It can refer to knowledge gained through experience or perception.

Inflection: Perfect Active Infinitive

Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *weyd- 'to see, to know'. In Koine Greek, it functions as a present tense verb with perfective meaning, indicating a state of knowing resulting from a past act of seeing or perceiving.

G2398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: EE-dee-ah

Translations: one's own, private, peculiar, personal, individually, privately, separately, apart

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'one's own,' 'private,' or 'peculiar,' referring to something belonging to a specific person or group. It can also function as an adverb meaning 'privately,' 'separately,' or 'individually.' As an adjective, it agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies. As an adverb, it describes how an action is performed.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular; Feminine, Accusative, Plural; Neuter, Nominative, Plural; Neuter, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΥ, ΜΟΝΟΣ, ΞΕΧΩΡΙΣΤΑ

Etymology: From the Proto-Indo-European root *swe- (reflexive pronoun), meaning 'self.' It developed in Greek to refer to what is 'one's own' or 'private.'

G1074

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: geh-neh-AH

Translations: generation, an age, a race, a kind, a generation, an age

Notes: This word refers to a generation, meaning a period of time (typically around 30-40 years), or a group of people born around the same time. It can also denote a race, lineage, or family, or even a particular kind or class of people. It is used to describe a succession of people or a specific era.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΟΣ, ΑΙΩΝ, ΦΥΛΗ

Etymology: From the Greek verb γίνομαι (ginomai), meaning 'to come into being, to be born, to become'. It refers to that which is begotten or produced.

G5256

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: hoo-pee-reh-TAY-sas

Translations: having served, having ministered, having attended, having been a servant

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΥΠΗΡΕΤΕΩ' (hypēreteō), meaning 'to serve' or 'to minister'. It describes an action that has been completed in the past. It is used to indicate someone who has performed a service or acted as an assistant or subordinate. For example, it could describe someone who has served a master, ministered to needs, or acted as an attendant.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Nominative, Masculine, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΟΝΗΣΑΣ, ΛΕΙΤΟΥΡΓΗΣΑΣ

G1012

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: BOO-lay

Translations: counsel, a counsel, plan, a plan, purpose, a purpose, will, a will, decision, a decision

Notes: This word refers to a counsel, a plan, a purpose, or a decision. It denotes the act of deliberating or the result of such deliberation, often implying a firm intention or resolution. It can be used in contexts referring to human plans or, more profoundly, to the divine will or purpose.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΕΥΜΑ, ΓΝΩΜΗ, ΠΡΟΘΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb βούλομαι (boulomai), meaning 'to will, wish, or purpose'. It refers to the act or result of willing or planning.

G2837

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-koy-MEE-thay

Translations: he slept, he fell asleep, he died, he was laid to rest, he lay down

Notes: This word describes the act of sleeping or falling asleep. In a broader sense, especially in the New Testament, it is often used as a euphemism for death, implying a peaceful rest or a temporary state before resurrection. It can also refer to lying down to rest.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΚΑΘΕΥΔΩ, ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΙΜΑΩ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *kei- meaning 'to lie down, to settle'. It is related to words signifying rest or lying down.

G4369

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pros-e-TETH-ee

Translations: was added, was joined, was gathered, was put to, was given in addition

Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the preposition πρός (pros), meaning 'to' or 'towards', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'. In this form, it means 'was added', 'was joined', or 'was put to'. It describes something being brought into association with something else, often implying an increase or an inclusion. For example, a person might be 'added to' their ancestors (meaning they died and joined them).

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΕΓΕΝΕΤΟ, ΠΡΟΣΕΛΗΦΘΗ

Etymology: The verb προστίθημι (prostithēmi) is formed from the prefix πρός (pros), meaning 'to, toward, in addition to', and the verb τίθημι (tithēmi), meaning 'to put, place, set'.

G1223

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: dee-AH

Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of

Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.

G0859

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AH-feh-sis

Translations: forgiveness, release, remission, liberty, a forgiveness, a release, a remission, a liberty

Notes: This noun refers to a sending away, a dismissal, or a release. In a moral or spiritual context, it signifies forgiveness or remission, particularly of sins or debts. It can also refer to physical liberation or freedom, such as the release of captives or the cancellation of debts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΣΙΣ, ΧΑΡΙΣ

Etymology: From the verb APHIEMI (G863), meaning 'to send away, let go, permit'. It describes the act or result of sending away or releasing.

G266

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN

Translations: of sins, of a sin

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.

Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ

Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.

G2605

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tang-GEL-le-tai

Translations: is proclaimed, is announced, is preached, is declared, is reported

Notes: This word is a compound verb, formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down' or 'against') and the verb ἀγγέλλω (angellō, meaning 'to announce' or 'to report'). In its passive voice, it means to be proclaimed, announced, or preached publicly and widely. It is often used in the context of spreading news or a message, especially the Gospel.

Inflection: Present, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΣΣΩ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOO-toh

Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this

Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ

G3956

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: PAS

Translations: all, every, whole, any, a whole

Notes: This word means 'all', 'every', or 'whole'. It is used to indicate totality or completeness. It can refer to every single item in a group, or the entirety of something. For example, 'all people' or 'the whole house'. It often takes on the meaning of 'every' when used with a singular noun, and 'all' when used with a plural noun. It can also mean 'any' in certain contexts.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΟΛΟΣ, ΑΠΑΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words meaning 'all' or 'every' in various Indo-European languages.

Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: pis-TEH-oo-ohn

Translations: believing, one who believes, a believer

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of believing or trusting. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the believing person'), or substantively, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the one who believes' or 'a believer'). It implies a deep conviction, reliance, or faith in someone or something.

Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative Singular, Masculine. Can be used adjectivally or substantively.

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΩΣ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩΝ, ΕΧΩΝ ΠΙΣΤΙΝ

G0991

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: BLEH-peh-teh

Translations: you see, you look, you perceive, you behold, you beware, see!, look!, behold!, beware!

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'βλέπω' (blepō), meaning 'to see' or 'to look'. It can be used in various contexts, from physical sight to mental perception or understanding. It can also function as an imperative, meaning 'see!' or 'look!', often used to draw attention or to warn, in which case it can be translated as 'beware!'.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative or Imperative

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΕΙΔΟΝ, ΘΕΩΡΕΩ

G1904

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-EL-thay

Translations: come upon, come over, come, happen, overtake, approach, attack, arrive, befall

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ΕΠΙ' (upon, over) and the verb 'ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (to come, to go). It generally means to come upon or come over something or someone, often implying an arrival, an attack, or an event befalling someone. Its meaning can vary slightly depending on the context, but it consistently conveys the idea of something or someone approaching or appearing.

Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΦΘΑΝΩ

G2046

Part of Speech: Adjective, Participle

Sounds like: ee-ree-MEH-noh

Translations: said, spoken, mentioned, aforesaid, aforementioned, that which has been said, that which has been spoken

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'that which has been said' or 'having been spoken'. It functions as an adjective, describing something that has already been stated or referred to. It can also be used substantively, meaning 'the thing said' or 'what has been said'.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Perfect Passive Participle

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟ, ΡΗΘΕΝ

G1492

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-deh-teh

Translations: you saw, you have seen, behold, see!

Notes: This is the second person plural, aorist active indicative or imperative form of the verb 'to see' or 'to know'. As an indicative, it means 'you (plural) saw' or 'you (plural) have seen'. As an imperative, it means 'see!' or 'behold!' (addressed to multiple people). It is often used to draw attention to something.

Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative or Imperative

Synonyms: ΟΡΑΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ

Etymology: The verb ΕΙΔΩ (eido) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'. It is related to Latin 'videre' (to see) and English 'wit' (knowledge).

G2706

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: kah-tah-froh-NEH-sah-teh

Translations: despise, scorn, disdain, look down on

Notes: This verb means to look down on, despise, or scorn something or someone. It implies a strong sense of contempt or disregard. It is often used in the imperative to command someone to disregard or treat something as worthless.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Imperative, Second Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΘΕΝΕΩ, ΟΛΙΓΩΡΕΩ

Etymology: The word καταφρονέω is a compound word formed from the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb φρονέω (phroneō), meaning 'to think' or 'to have understanding'. Thus, it literally means 'to think down upon'.

G2038

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: er-GAH-zo-meh

Translations: working, doing, performing, producing, practicing, trading, earning, laboring, cultivating

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ergazomai', meaning to work, labor, do, or perform. It describes the act of engaging in an activity, whether physical or mental, to achieve a result. It can refer to manual labor, the performance of deeds, or even the practice of a profession.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative/Accusative/Vocative, Masculine/Neuter, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: pis-TEV-see-tai

Translations: he may believe, he might believe, he may trust, he might trust, he may be entrusted, he might be entrusted

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'pisteuo', meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. In this specific form, it indicates a potential or hypothetical action of believing or trusting, often in a passive sense ('to be entrusted'). It can be used in contexts where someone is being given a responsibility or is expected to believe something.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Subjunctive, Passive

Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΩ, ΕΛΠΙΖΩ

G1437

Part of Speech: Conjunction

Sounds like: eh-AHN

Translations: if, when, whenever, although

Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΙ

Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.

G1630

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-dee-ee-GHEE-tay

Translations: he will declare, he will explain, he will recount, he will narrate, he will tell fully, he will make known

Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'εκ' (out of, from) and 'διηγεομαι' (to narrate, to recount). It means to declare fully, to explain in detail, or to recount something thoroughly. It implies a complete and comprehensive telling of an event or truth, making it fully known.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Future Indicative, Middle Voice

Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and the verb ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ (diegeomai), meaning 'to narrate' or 'to recount'. ΔΙΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ itself comes from ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through', and ΗΓΕΟΜΑΙ (hegeomai), meaning 'to lead' or 'to consider'. Thus, it implies leading through a narrative or recounting something thoroughly.

G1831

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ex-ee-ON-ton

Translations: of those going out, of those coming out, of going out, of coming out

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'ΕΞΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ' (exerchomai), meaning 'to go out' or 'to come out'. As a genitive plural participle, it typically functions as a possessive or descriptive phrase, often translated as 'of those who are going out' or 'of those who are coming out'. It describes the action of a group of people or things departing from a place or situation.

Inflection: Participle, Present, Active, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΕΝΩΝ, ΕΚΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΕΝΩΝ

G3870

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-eh-ka-LOON

Translations: they were calling alongside, they were exhorting, they were comforting, they were appealing to, they were entreating, they were encouraging

Notes: This word is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb παρακαλέω (parakaleō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were calling someone to their side,' 'they were exhorting,' 'they were comforting,' 'they were appealing to,' or 'they were encouraging.' It implies a continuous or habitual action of summoning, urging, or consoling.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΟΥΣΙΝ

Etymology: The word παρακαλέω is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside,' and καλέω (kaleō), meaning 'to call.' Thus, its core meaning is 'to call to one's side.'

G3342

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: meh-TAHK-soo

Translations: between, among, while, meanwhile

Notes: This word functions as a preposition or an adverb. As a preposition, it means 'between' or 'among', indicating a position or relationship between two or more things or people. It can also be used adverbially to mean 'in the meantime' or 'while'. For example, it can describe something located spatially between two points, or an event occurring temporally between two other events.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΝ ΜΕΣΩ, ΜΕΣΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΞΥ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to μέσος (mesos, 'middle') or a compound involving μετά (meta, 'with, among').

G3089

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ly-THEE-sees

Translations: you may be loosed, you may be released, you may be destroyed, you may be dissolved

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'λύω' (lyō), meaning 'to loose, release, untie, destroy, or dissolve'. It indicates a potential or hypothetical action of being loosed or released, often in a passive sense. It can refer to the breaking of bonds, the dissolution of something, or the annulment of a law.

Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Passive, Subjunctive

Synonyms: ΑΦΙΗΜΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΥΩ, ΔΙΑΛΥΩ

G0190

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ay-ko-loo-THEY-san

Translations: they followed, they accompanied, they went along with

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to follow' or 'to accompany'. It describes the action of one or more individuals moving behind or alongside another, often implying adherence, discipleship, or simply going along with someone. It is used to indicate that a group of people performed the action of following in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΝΕΠΟΜΑΙ, ΠΑΡΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ

Etymology: The word ΑΚΟΛΟΥΘΕΩ (akoloutheō) is a compound word derived from the prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'together' or 'with', and 'κελευθος' (keleuthos), meaning 'path' or 'road'. Thus, it literally means 'to be on the same path' or 'to go along the same road'.

G4576

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: seh-BOH-meh-nohn

Translations: of those who worship, of those who revere, of those who honor, of those who venerate

Notes: This word is a present participle, meaning "worshipping," "revering," or "honoring." It describes an ongoing action of showing reverence or devotion, often towards God or a deity. In this genitive plural form, it refers to "those who are worshipping" or "those who are revering."

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive Voice, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΟΥΝΤΩΝ, ΛΑΤΡΕΥΟΝΤΩΝ

G0901

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: bar-NAH-bah

Translations: Barnabas, of Barnabas

Notes: Barnabas is a proper noun, referring to a specific person. In the New Testament, it is the surname given to Joseph, a Levite from Cyprus, by the apostles. The name itself means 'son of encouragement' or 'son of consolation'. It is used to identify this individual in various contexts, such as 'the Epistle of Barnabas' or 'Joseph, who was called Barnabas'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine

Etymology: The name Barnabas is of Aramaic origin, meaning 'son of encouragement' or 'son of consolation'. It was a surname given to Joseph, a Levite, by the apostles.

G2064

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: ER-kho-me-NOH

Translations: to the one coming, to the one going, to the one who comes, to the one who goes

Notes: This word is the dative singular form of the present participle of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It describes someone or something that is in the process of coming or going, and is used in a context where the action is directed towards or for that person or thing. For example, it could mean 'to the one who is coming' or 'for the one who is going'.

Inflection: Present, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G4975

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: skheh-DON

Translations: almost, nearly, well-nigh, about, approximately

Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'almost' or 'nearly'. It is used to indicate that something is very close to being true or happening, but not quite. It can modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, conveying a sense of approximation or proximity.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΕΓΓΥΣ, ΜΟΝΟΝ

Etymology: From the root of Ancient Greek 'σχεῖν' (scheîn), meaning 'to have, to hold, to be near'. It implies being 'close at hand' or 'nearly'.

G3588, G3739, G2228

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection

Sounds like: AY

Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah

Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)

Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.

G4172

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: POH-lis

Translations: city, a city, town, a town

Notes: The word 'polis' refers to a city or town, a populated center where people live and gather. In ancient contexts, it often implied a self-governing city-state, but in Koine Greek, it frequently refers simply to any significant urban settlement. It is used to denote the physical location and its inhabitants.

Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΚΩΜΗ, ΧΩΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁- (to fill) or *pel- (to build, to enclose). It refers to a fortified place or a populated area.

G4863

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: soon-EEKH-thay

Translations: was gathered together, was assembled, was collected

Notes: This word is the aorist passive form of the verb ΣΥΝΑΓΩ (synagō), meaning 'to gather together' or 'to assemble'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where a group or things were brought together by an external agent. It is often used to describe people assembling in one place.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΑΘΡΟΙΖΩ, ΣΥΛΛΕΓΩ, ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word ΣΥΝΑΓΩ is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΣΥΝ (syn), meaning 'with' or 'together', and the verb ΑΓΩ (agō), meaning 'to lead' or 'to bring'. Thus, it literally means 'to lead together' or 'to bring together'.

G2453

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ee-oo-DAH-ee-oy

Translations: Jews, Jewish people

Notes: This word refers to the inhabitants of Judea, or more broadly, to the Jewish people, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who adhere to Judaism. In the New Testament, it often distinguishes them from Gentiles (non-Jews). It is used to describe the ethnic and religious group.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative

Synonyms: ΕΒΡΑΙΟΙ, ΙΣΡΑΗΛΙΤΑΙ

Etymology: From the Hebrew word 'Yehudah' (Judah), referring to the tribe of Judah and later the kingdom of Judah. The Greek form 'Ioudaios' means 'of Judah' or 'a Judean', which then came to mean 'Jew'.

G4130

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-LAY-sthay-san

Translations: they were filled, they were fulfilled, they were completed

Notes: This word describes a state of being filled, completed, or fulfilled. It is often used to indicate that something has reached its capacity, or that a prophecy or promise has come to pass. It can refer to being filled with a physical substance, or with an emotion or spiritual quality. For example, 'they were filled with joy' or 'the time was fulfilled'.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΓΕΜΩ, ΠΛΗΡΟΩ

G2980

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: lah-loo-MEH-noys

Translations: spoken, being spoken, things spoken, words spoken, things being said, things being spoken of

Notes: This word is a present passive participle derived from the verb 'λαλέω' (laleō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to talk'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing something that is being spoken or talked about. In the given form, it refers to 'those things being spoken' or 'the things being said'. It is often used in contexts where actions or words are being communicated or discussed.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΙΣ, ΡΗΘΕΙΣΙΝ

G0987

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: blas-fay-MOON-tes

Translations: blaspheming, reviling, slandering, speaking evil, railing

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'blaspheming' or 'reviling'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in speaking evil, slandering, or showing contempt, often towards God or sacred things, but also towards people. It can be used to describe an ongoing action of speaking abusively or disrespectfully.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΛΟΓΟΥΝΤΕΣ, ΛΟΙΔΟΡΟΥΝΤΕΣ

G3955

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: par-ray-see-AH-sah-meh-noy

Translations: having spoken boldly, having spoken freely, having been bold, having been confident

Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'parrēsiazomai', meaning to speak freely, boldly, or with confidence. It describes an action that has already occurred, indicating that the subjects have exercised their right to speak openly and without fear. It is often used in contexts where someone speaks with courage or frankness, especially in the face of opposition or authority.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΙΠΩΝ, ΘΑΡΡΕΩ

G2036

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EYE-pah

Translations: I said, I spoke

Notes: This is the first person singular aorist indicative active form of the verb 'λέγω' (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It describes a completed action of speaking or saying something in the past. For example, it could be used in a sentence like 'I said to them' or 'I spoke the word'.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Active

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΦΗΜΙ

Etymology: The verb λέγω (legō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out, count, recount, tell'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to say' or 'to speak', often implying a reasoned or deliberate utterance.

G0316

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ah-nang-KAI-on

Translations: necessary, essential, important, fitting, a necessary thing, what is necessary

Notes: This word describes something that is necessary, essential, or unavoidable. It is used to indicate that something is required or fitting in a particular situation. It can refer to a person, thing, or action that is indispensable.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΔΕΟΝ

Etymology: The word derives from the Greek word ἀνάγκη (anankē), meaning 'necessity' or 'compulsion'. It describes something that is compelled or unavoidable.

G4413

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PRO-ton

Translations: first, foremost, chief, principal, a first thing, before, at the first, in the first place

Notes: This word means 'first' in terms of order, time, importance, or rank. As an adjective, it describes something as being the first of its kind or in a sequence. As an adverb, it indicates something happening initially or in the first instance. It can also refer to the chief or most important person or thing.

Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΗ, ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'πρῶτος' (prōtos) is a superlative form derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pro- meaning 'forward, before'. It is related to the Greek preposition 'πρό' (pro), meaning 'before' or 'in front of'.

G1905, G1211

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee-day

Translations: since, because, for, inasmuch as

Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (upon, over) and the particle 'δή' (indeed, now). It is used to introduce a clause that provides a reason or cause, similar to 'since' or 'because' in English. It emphasizes the certainty or obviousness of the reason given.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΚΑΘΟΤΙ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΔΗ is a compound formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'over', and the particle δή (dē), meaning 'indeed' or 'now'.

G0683

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ap-oh-THISS-thai

Translations: to reject, to cast off, to put away, to thrust away, to repudiate

Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'apotheo', meaning to push away or reject. It describes the action of forcefully removing something or someone, often implying a strong refusal or repudiation. It can be used in contexts where someone is casting off a burden, rejecting a person, or putting away a belief.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle/Passive, Infinitive

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΟΔΟΚΙΜΑΖΩ, ΑΡΝΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ἀπό (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb ὠθέω (otheo), meaning 'to push' or 'to thrust'. It thus literally means 'to push away from'.

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-oo

Translations: of eternal, of everlasting, of age-long, of perpetual

Notes: This word describes something that is eternal, everlasting, or pertaining to an age or eon. It signifies a duration that is either without end or of a very long, indefinite period, often referring to a quality rather than just a quantity of time. It is used to describe things like eternal life, eternal glory, or eternal punishment.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΑΙΩΝΙΟΣ (aionios) is derived from the noun ΑΙΩΝ (aion), meaning 'age' or 'eon'. It describes that which pertains to or is characteristic of an age or eternity.

G4762

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: STREH-foh-meh-tha

Translations: we turn, we return, we are turned, we are converted, we change

Notes: This word is a verb in the first person plural, present tense, middle or passive voice. It means 'we turn' or 'we return' (middle voice, indicating an action done to or for oneself), or 'we are turned' or 'we are converted' (passive voice, indicating an action done to us). It can describe a physical turning, a change in direction, or a spiritual conversion or change of mind.

Inflection: First Person Plural, Present, Indicative, Middle or Passive

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΝΟΕΩ

G3779

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: OO-toh

Translations: thus, so, in this way, in like manner

Notes: This word is an adverb of manner, indicating how something is done or the way in which something occurs. It can also refer to the extent or degree of something. It is often used to introduce a consequence or a comparison, meaning 'in this way' or 'thus'. It is an older form of ΟΥΤΩΣ, and both forms are used interchangeably in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥΤΩΣ, ΩΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos, 'this'). It indicates 'in this manner' or 'thus', referring back to something previously mentioned or implied.

G1781

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: en-teh-TAL-tai

Translations: it has been commanded, it has been ordered, it has been enjoined

Notes: This word is the perfect passive indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'entellō'. It means 'it has been commanded' or 'it has been ordered'. It describes an action that was completed in the past and has ongoing results or relevance in the present. It is often used in contexts where a divine or authoritative command has been given.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Indicative, Third Person Singular

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΤΑΤΤΩ, ΚΕΛΕΥΩ

G2962

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KOO-ree-os

Translations: Lord, a Lord, Master, a Master, Sir, a Sir

Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred name abbreviation, for ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It refers to a supreme authority, master, or owner. It is frequently used in the New Testament to refer to God or Jesus Christ, signifying their divine authority and sovereignty. It can also be used as a respectful address, similar to 'Sir'.

Inflection: Nominative, Singular, Masculine

Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΥΡΙΟΣ derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *keu- meaning 'to swell, to be strong, to be powerful'. It refers to one who has power or authority.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: te-THEE-ka

Translations: I have placed, I have put, I have laid, I have appointed, I have made

Notes: ΤΕΘΙΚΑ is the perfect active indicative, first person singular form of the verb ΤΙΘΗΜΙ (tithemi). This verb means 'to place, put, lay, appoint, or make'. The perfect tense indicates a completed action with ongoing results, emphasizing the present state resulting from a past action. For example, 'I have placed' implies that the item is still in the placed position.

Inflection: First Person, Singular, Perfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΕΘΗΚΑ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΤΑΤΤΩ

Part of Speech: Unknown

Sounds like: SAI

Translations: unknown

Notes: The word "ΣΑΙ" is not a standalone word in Koine Greek. It is a common verbal ending, primarily found in the 2nd person singular of various tenses and moods, particularly in the middle or passive voice. For example, in the provided text, "ΛΕΛΥΠΗΣΑΙ" is the 2nd person singular perfect indicative middle/passive of the verb "λυπέω" (to grieve), meaning "you have been grieved" or "you are grieved." As a standalone word, "ΣΑΙ" is unknown and likely a fragment or a misspelling.

Inflection: Not applicable (it is a verbal ending, not a standalone word)

G1093

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: GAYS

Translations: (of) earth, (of) land, (of) ground, (of) world, (of) country, (of) region

Notes: This word refers to the earth, land, or ground. It can denote the physical soil, a specific territory or country, or the entire planet. As a genitive form, it indicates possession, origin, or the material from which something is made, often translated with 'of' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΑΓΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΓΗ (gē) comes from Proto-Hellenic *gā́, which itself is from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁- ('earth').

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-AI-ron

Translations: they were rejoicing, they rejoiced, they were glad, they were joyful

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'χαίρω' (chairo), meaning 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. The imperfect tense indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. Therefore, 'εχαιρον' describes a state of continuous rejoicing or gladness by a group of people in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: The word 'χαίρω' (chairo) is of uncertain origin, possibly related to 'χάρις' (charis), meaning 'grace' or 'favor'. It has been used in Greek from ancient times to express joy, greeting, or well-wishing.

G1392

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DOK-sah-zon

Translations: they were glorifying, they glorified, they were praising, they praised

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'ΔΟΞΑΖΩ' (doxazo). It describes an ongoing or repeated action of glorifying, praising, or honoring someone or something in the past. It implies a continuous state of giving glory or recognition. For example, 'they were glorifying God' or 'they continually praised the Lord'.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΙΝΕΩ, ΥΜΝΕΩ, ΕΠΑΙΝΕΩ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-is-TEV-san

Translations: they believed, they trusted, they put their faith in

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ΠΙΣΤΕΥΩ' (pisteuō), meaning 'to believe' or 'to trust'. It describes an action of believing or entrusting that occurred in the past, typically a completed action. It is often used to express faith in a person or a divine being, or to indicate reliance on something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΕΠΟΙΘΑΝ, ΠΕΙΘΟΜΑΙ

G3745

Part of Speech: Relative Pronoun, Relative Adjective

Sounds like: OH-soy

Translations: as many as, all who, whoever, how many

Notes: This word functions as a relative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'as many as' or 'all who'. It introduces a relative clause and refers to a quantity or number of people or things. It is used to connect a dependent clause to a main clause, specifying the extent or number of the antecedent.

Inflection: Nominative, Plural, Masculine

Synonyms: ΠΑΣ, ΟΣΤΙΣ

Etymology: From the demonstrative pronoun ὅς (hos, 'this, that') and the suffix -σος (-sos), indicating quantity or degree. It is related to other words indicating quantity or extent.

G5021

Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)

Sounds like: teh-TAG-meh-noy

Translations: appointed, arranged, ordered, set, stationed, arrayed, assigned

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been appointed' or 'having been arranged'. It describes someone or something that has been put into a specific order, position, or assigned a particular task or role. It is often used to refer to people who are in authority or have been given a specific duty.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΑΣΣΩ, ΠΡΟΣΤΑΣΣΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G0166

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: ahee-OH-nee-on

Translations: eternal, everlasting, age-long, perpetual, an eternal thing, an everlasting thing

Notes: This word describes something that pertains to an age (αἰών), often implying endless duration or a specific period. It can refer to something that is without end, or something that belongs to a particular age or epoch. It is frequently used to describe the nature of God, life, or punishment, emphasizing their enduring quality.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΑΙΔΙΟΣ, ΑΤΕΛΕΥΤΗΤΟΣ

G1308

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: dee-eh-FEH-reh-toh

Translations: was carried through, was carried about, was distinguished, differed, was at variance, was superior, was better

Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. In its imperfect middle/passive form, it describes an ongoing action or state in the past. It can mean to be carried through or about, to differ, to be at variance, or to be superior/distinguished. The specific meaning often depends on the context.

Inflection: Imperfect, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΚΡΙΝΩ, ΔΙΑΣΤΕΛΛΩ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩ

Etymology: The word ΔΙΑΦΕΡΩ is a compound of the preposition ΔΙΑ (dia), meaning 'through' or 'apart', and the verb ΦΕΡΩ (pherō), meaning 'to carry' or 'to bear'. Its meaning developed from 'carrying through' to 'differing' or 'being superior'.

G2596

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: kath

Translations: according to, down, against, throughout, during, by, for, with respect to, concerning

Notes: This word is an elided form of the preposition 'κατά' (kata), which means 'down' or 'according to'. It is commonly used as a prefix in compound words or as a preposition governing various cases. When used as a preposition, it can indicate movement downwards, distribution, opposition, or a standard of comparison. For example, 'καθ' ἕνα' means 'one by one', and 'καθά' means 'just as' or 'according as'. The elision (dropping of the final vowel) occurs before a word beginning with a vowel and a rough breathing mark.

Inflection: Does not inflect (it is an elided form of a preposition)

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΔΙΑ

Etymology: The word 'κατά' (kata) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'down' or 'against'. It is a common preposition in ancient Greek, indicating various relationships of position, direction, or standard.

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G3951

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: par-oh-TROO-nan

Translations: incited, urged on, stirred up, exhorted

Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist indicative active form of the verb 'παροτρύνω'. It means to incite, urge on, or stir up someone to action. It implies a strong encouragement or instigation, often towards a specific goal or behavior.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΤΡΕΠΩ, ΠΑΡΑΚΑΛΕΩ, ΕΓΕΙΡΩ

Etymology: The word παροτρύνω is a compound of παρά (para), meaning 'beside' or 'alongside', and ὀτρύνω (otryno), meaning 'to urge on' or 'to hasten'. Thus, it literally means 'to urge on alongside' or 'to incite'.

G4576

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: seh-BO-meh-nas

Translations: worshiping, revering, devout, a worshiping one, a revering one, a devout one

Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'σεβομαι' (sebomai), meaning 'to worship' or 'to revere'. It describes someone who is actively engaged in an act of worship or reverence. It is often used to refer to devout individuals, particularly women, who are respectful of religious customs or God.

Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Participle, Accusative, Feminine, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΥΣΕΒΕΙΣ, ΘΡΗΣΚΕΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΠΡΟΣΚΥΝΟΥΝΤΑΣ

G1887

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-ay-GHEE-rah

Translations: stirred up, incited, aroused, raised up

Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative third person singular form of the verb 'ἐπαγείρω' (epageirō). It means to stir up, incite, or arouse, often in a hostile sense, like stirring up opposition or trouble. It can also mean to raise up or gather together. In the provided context, it clearly refers to inciting or stirring up people against someone.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΩΤΡΥΝΑΝ, ΕΚΑΚΩΣΑΝ

Etymology: The verb 'ἐπαγείρω' (epageirō) is a compound word formed from the preposition 'ἐπί' (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'against', and the verb 'ἀγείρω' (ageirō), meaning 'to gather' or 'to collect'. Thus, it literally means 'to gather upon' or 'to gather against', leading to the sense of stirring up or inciting.

G1621

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-tee-NAX-ah-meh-noy

Translations: shaking off, having shaken off, shaking out, having shaken out

Notes: This word describes the action of shaking something off or out, often with force or a decisive motion. It implies a complete removal or rejection of something, such as dust from one's feet as a sign of protest or separation. It is a compound word formed from the preposition ΕΚ (ek), meaning 'out of' or 'from', and ΤΙΝΑΣΣΩ (tinasso), meaning 'to shake'.

Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΤΙΝΑΣΣΩ, ΕΚΤΙΝΑΓΜΟΣ

G2868

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: koh-nee-OR-toh

Translations: dust, a dust, dirt, a dirt

Notes: This word refers to fine, dry particles of earth or other matter, commonly known as dust or dirt. It is often found accumulated on surfaces or raised into the air, such as by wind or movement. In ancient contexts, it could signify something common, lowly, or even a symbol of mourning or humility when applied to the head.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΟΝΙΣ, ΧΟΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΟΝΙΟΡΤΟΣ is a compound word derived from ΚΟΝΙΣ (KONIS), meaning 'dust', and ΟΡΤΟΣ (ORTOS), which is related to 'rising' or 'stirring up'. Thus, it literally means 'stirred-up dust' or 'rising dust'.

G2430

Part of Speech: Proper Noun

Sounds like: ee-KO-nee-on

Translations: Iconium

Notes: Iconium was an ancient city in Asia Minor, located in what is now modern-day Turkey. It was an important city in the Roman province of Galatia and is mentioned multiple times in the New Testament, particularly in the Book of Acts, as a place visited by the apostles Paul and Barnabas during their missionary journeys.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The name 'Iconium' is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a Phrygian word or related to the Greek word 'eikon' (image), though this is speculative.

G4137