2001 Translation

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: skeh-PAH-zoh-san

Translations: covering, sheltering, protecting, a covering one, a sheltering one, a protecting one

Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'covering' or 'sheltering'. It describes an ongoing action of providing cover or protection. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun, or can act as a noun itself, referring to 'the one who covers' or 'the one who shelters'. In this form, it is feminine, singular, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΠΑΖΩ derives from the noun σκέπη (skepē), meaning 'covering' or 'shelter'. It refers to the act of providing such a covering or protection.

G3816, G3809

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pai-DEE-ah

Translations: children, a child, discipline, instruction, training, correction, punishment, play, childishness

Notes: This word is a compound form that can refer to several related concepts. It can be the nominative/accusative plural of 'παιδίον' (paidion), meaning 'children' or 'little children'. It can also be the nominative singular of 'παιδεία' (paideia), which refers to the upbringing, training, or instruction of children, often implying discipline or correction. In some contexts, it can also refer to 'play' or 'childishness'. The specific meaning depends on the grammatical context and surrounding words.

Inflection: Neuter Plural (children), Feminine Singular Nominative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Accusative (discipline/play), Feminine Singular Genitive (discipline/play)

Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΑ, ΝΗΠΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ

G2532

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: kahee

Translations: and, also, even, but, then

Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.

G5259

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: hoo-POH

Translations: under, by, from, with, subject to, at the hand of

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning varies depending on the grammatical case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically indicates the agent or cause ('by', 'from'). With the dative case, it denotes a static position 'under' something. When used with the accusative case, it signifies motion 'under' or 'into subjection to'.

Inflection: Does not inflect, but governs the Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases.

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'under'. It is cognate with English 'up' and 'over', showing a shared root related to position.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TANE

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.

G4637

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ske-PAYN

Translations: shelter, a shelter, covering, a covering, protection, a protection

Notes: This word refers to a physical covering or a place that provides refuge and safety. It can be used to describe a literal roof or a metaphorical sense of divine protection.

Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΣΚΕΠΑΣΜΑ, ΣΚΕΠΑΣΤΡΟΝ, ΚΑΤΑΦΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΠΗ (skepē) comes from the verb σκέπτομαι (skeptomai), meaning 'to look at, to consider, to examine,' which also developed the sense of 'to look out for, to protect.'

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: THAYS

Translations: of the

Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-lay-LOO-thi-san

Translations: they have come, they came

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'erchomai', meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is in the perfect tense, which describes an action completed in the past but with continuing results or relevance in the present. Therefore, 'they have come' implies that their arrival is a completed fact, and they are now present.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΗΚΩ, ΒΑΙΝΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to go'. In Koine Greek, it is a common verb used to denote movement towards a place or person.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection

Sounds like: OY

Translations: the, who, they, oh

Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.

Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.

G2564

Part of Speech: Participle, Adjective

Sounds like: keh-KLEE-meh-noy

Translations: called, invited, summoned, those who are called, the called ones

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been called' or 'those who have been called'. It describes a state resulting from a past action of being called or invited. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or substantively, referring to a group of people who have been called.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Passive, Participle

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣΚΕΚΛΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΙΚΕΚΛΗΜΕΝΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΛΕΩ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to call' or 'to shout'.

G3588, G3778

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle

Sounds like: too

Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to

Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter

Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: is-TAY-kee

Translations: I stand, I have stood, I am standing, I am appointed, I am established

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'histēmi' (ΙΣΤΗΜΙ), meaning 'to stand'. It describes a state of having stood or being in a standing position, often implying firmness, stability, or an established condition. It can also refer to being appointed or set in a particular place or role. The ending '-κι' is a common Koine Greek ending for the perfect active indicative, first person singular, but it is not the standard form for 'histēmi'. The standard form would be 'hestēka' (ἑστηκα). This form 'istēki' appears to be a variant or a less common spelling, possibly reflecting a phonetic shift or a scribal variation.

Inflection: Perfect Active Indicative, First Person Singular (variant spelling)

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΜΕΝΩ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΗΜΙ

G1161

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: DEH

Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however

Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.

G0032

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: ANG-ge-los

Translations: angel, a angel, messenger, a messenger

Notes: This word refers to a messenger, envoy, or one who brings tidings. In a religious context, it commonly refers to a divine messenger or an angel. It is a masculine noun and is frequently used in the New Testament to denote celestial beings.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΞ, ΔΙΑΚΟΝΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ΑΓΓΕΛΟΣ' is of uncertain origin, possibly derived from a root meaning 'to bring tidings' or 'to announce'. It is a common term in ancient Greek literature and religious texts.

G1741

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: en-DOX-os

Translations: glorious, honorable, splendid, distinguished, illustrious, a glorious one

Notes: This word describes something or someone as being glorious, honorable, or distinguished. It is often used to describe things that are highly esteemed or magnificent. It can be applied to people, objects, or concepts.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΗΜΟΣ, ΕΝΤΙΜΟΣ, ΛΑΜΠΡΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek preposition ΕΝ (en), meaning 'in' or 'among', and ΔΟΞΑ (doxa), meaning 'glory' or 'opinion'. It literally means 'in glory' or 'held in esteem'.

G3029

Part of Speech: Adverb

Sounds like: LEE-ahn

Translations: very, exceedingly, greatly, much, extremely

Notes: This word is an adverb that means 'very' or 'exceedingly'. It is used to intensify the meaning of an adjective, another adverb, or a verb, indicating a high degree or extent of something. For example, it can be used to say 'very good' or 'greatly rejoice'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΦΟΔΡΑ, ΠΟΛΥ, ΜΑΛΑ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is thought to be related to the idea of 'smoothness' or 'plainness', which then developed into the meaning of 'very' or 'exceedingly'.

G5308

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoop-SEE-loss

Translations: high, lofty, exalted, a high one, a lofty one

Notes: This word describes something that is high in position, stature, or rank. It can refer to physical height, such as a high mountain or a high wall, or to a metaphorical height, such as a high status or an exalted position. It is often used to describe God or divine attributes, indicating His supreme authority and majesty. As an adjective, it modifies nouns and agrees with them in gender, number, and case.

Inflection: All genders, All numbers, All cases

Synonyms: ΑΝΩ, ΜΕΓΑΣ, ΥΠΕΡΕΧΩΝ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὕψος (hypsos), meaning 'height' or 'summit'. It is related to the concept of being elevated or lifted up.

G3844

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: pah-RAH

Translations: from, by, with, beside, at, near, alongside, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its meaning changes depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it typically means 'from' or 'from beside', indicating origin or agency. With the dative case, it means 'with', 'beside', or 'at', indicating proximity or presence. With the accusative case, it means 'alongside', 'to', or 'past', indicating motion towards or along something.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΠΙ, ΥΠΟ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'beside', 'alongside'. It is cognate with English 'for' and 'from'.

G2192

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: EH-khon

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, one who has, he who has

Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb ἔχω (echō), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action of having or holding, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially. It can refer to someone who is in possession of something, or simply to someone who is in a certain state or condition.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΣ, ΚΑΤΕΧΩΝ

G3173

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: MEH-gah

Translations: great, large, mighty, important, a great, a large

Notes: This word describes something as great, large, or mighty in size, extent, or importance. It can refer to physical size, but also to significance, power, or intensity. It is often used to emphasize the magnitude of something, such as a great storm, a great fear, or a great city. This particular form, ΜΕΓΑ, is the neuter nominative or accusative singular form of the adjective.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΜΕΓΑΛΟΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *meǵh₂- (great). It is related to Latin magnus and English much.

G2875

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ek-OP-ten

Translations: he was cutting, he was striking, he was beating, he was mourning, he was lamenting

Notes: This word is an imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'κοπτω' (koptō). It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. Depending on the context, it can mean 'to cut,' 'to strike' or 'to beat,' often with a sense of repeated action. It can also refer to the act of beating one's breast as a sign of mourning or lamentation, thus meaning 'to mourn' or 'to lament.'

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΤΥΠΤΩ, ΠΛΗΓΩ, ΚΛΑΙΩ

G1537

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EK

Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with

Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-DIH-doo

Translations: was giving, was handing over, was delivering, was presenting, was offering, was yielding

Notes: ΕΠΕΔΙΔΟΥ is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ (epididomi). This verb means to give, hand over, deliver, present, or offer. The imperfect tense indicates a continuous or repeated action in the past, or an action that was in progress. It implies that the action of giving or handing over was ongoing or habitual at a particular time in the past.

Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

G2992

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: lah-OH

Translations: people, a people, nation, a nation

Notes: This word refers to a people, a nation, or a multitude of individuals, often used in the context of a specific group or community, such as the people of Israel or the people of God. It can be used to describe a general populace or a distinct ethnic or national group.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΕΘΝΟΣ, ΟΧΛΟΣ

Etymology: From an unknown root, possibly related to λᾶς (lās, "stone"), referring to people as "stones" or "foundations." It is also suggested to be from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- ("people, army").

G4629

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: skeh-PAH-zoh-meh-noh

Translations: (to) being covered, (to) being sheltered, (to) being protected

Notes: This word is a present passive participle, meaning 'being covered' or 'being sheltered'. It describes someone or something that is currently in the process of being covered, sheltered, or protected by an external agent. As a dative participle, it indicates the recipient or beneficiary of the action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.

Inflection: Present, Passive, Participle, Dative, Singular, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ

Etymology: The word ΣΚΕΠΑΖΩ comes from the noun σκέπη (skepē), meaning 'covering' or 'shelter'.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ep-eh-DIH-doon

Translations: they were giving, they were delivering, they were handing over, they were presenting, they were yielding, they were surrendering

Notes: This word describes the action of giving, delivering, or handing something over, often with the nuance of presenting or yielding. It is used to indicate an ongoing or repeated action in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural

Synonyms: ΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΑΡΑΔΙΔΩΜΙ, ΠΡΟΣΦΕΡΩ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ (epididomi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to', and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give'. It signifies giving something to or upon someone or something.

G5616

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction

Sounds like: OH-say

Translations: as if, as, like, about, approximately, some, nearly

Notes: ΩΣΕΙ is an adverb or conjunction used to indicate comparison, approximation, or similarity. It can mean "as if," "like," "about," or "approximately." It is often used to describe a quantity or duration that is not exact, or to introduce a hypothetical situation.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΠΕΡΙΠΟΥ

Etymology: From the Greek word ὡς (hōs), meaning "as" or "like," combined with the particle εἰ (ei), meaning "if."

G4083

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: pay-khee-AH-yah

Translations: a cubit long, a cubit in length, one cubit long

Notes: This word is an adjective describing something that is a cubit in length. A cubit was an ancient unit of measurement, typically the length of a forearm from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger, roughly 18 inches or 45 centimeters. It is used to describe the dimension of an object.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Etymology: Derived from the Koine Greek noun ΠΗΧΥΣ (pechys), meaning 'forearm' or 'cubit'. The adjective describes something related to or measured by a cubit.

G3326

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: MEH-tah

Translations: with, among, after, behind, afterward, besides

Notes: ΜΕΤΑ is a versatile word that functions as both a preposition and an adverb. As a preposition, its meaning depends on the case of the noun it governs: when followed by a genitive noun, it means 'with' or 'among', indicating association or presence; when followed by an accusative noun, it means 'after' or 'behind', indicating sequence or pursuit. As an adverb, it typically means 'afterward' or 'besides'. It is a very common word in Koine Greek.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΟΠΙΣΩ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is cognate with English 'mid' and 'middle'.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: toh

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.

Part of Speech: Definite Article

Sounds like: TAH

Translations: the

Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.

Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.

G5087

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THEE-ken

Translations: he placed, she placed, it placed, he put, she put, it put, he laid, she laid, it laid, he appointed, she appointed, it appointed

Notes: This is the third person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to place,' 'to put,' 'to lay,' or 'to appoint.' It describes a completed action in the past, indicating that 'he,' 'she,' or 'it' performed the action of placing or setting something.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular

Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΩ, ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Letter

Sounds like: OH

Translations: the, who, which, O

Notes: Ο is primarily the masculine singular nominative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun, similar to 'the' in English. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', introducing a relative clause. Additionally, 'Ο' is the fifteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, Omicron, which corresponds to the short 'o' sound.

Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Nominative (for the article/relative pronoun); Does not inflect (for the letter)

Etymology: The definite article 'Ο' derives from Proto-Indo-European. The letter 'Ο' (Omicron) is derived from the Phoenician letter 'ayin'.

G1186

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: DEN-dron

Translations: tree, a tree

Notes: This word refers to a tree, a large woody plant with a trunk and branches. It is commonly used in the New Testament and other Koine Greek texts to describe literal trees, but can also be used metaphorically, for example, to represent a person or a lineage. It is a neuter noun.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΦΥΤΟΝ

Etymology: The word "δένδρον" (dendron) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *drew- or *deru-, meaning "tree" or "wood." It is related to words for tree in many other Indo-European languages.

G5198

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: hoo-gee-ES

Translations: healthy, sound, whole, well, true, correct

Notes: This word describes something as being healthy, sound, or in good condition. It can refer to physical health, but also to soundness of mind, doctrine, or argument, meaning something is true, correct, or reliable. It is used to describe a state of integrity or freedom from defect.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative or Vocative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΟΡΘΟΣ, ΑΚΕΡΑΙΟΣ

Etymology: The word 'ὑγιής' (hygiēs) comes from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yug- (to be healthy, strong). It is related to words meaning 'life' or 'vigor'.

G3634

Part of Speech: Adjective, Pronoun

Sounds like: OY-on

Translations: such as, of what kind, what sort of, as, like, a such thing, a what sort of thing

Notes: ΟΙΟΝ is the neuter singular form of the adjective/pronoun ΟΙΟΣ. It is used to introduce a comparison, meaning 'such as' or 'as', or to ask about the quality or nature of something, meaning 'of what kind' or 'what sort of'. It can also function as a demonstrative, referring to something of a specific kind.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΙΟΣ, ΟΙΑ, ΟΙΟΙ

Etymology: The word ΟΙΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥΤΟΣ (this) or the interrogative pronoun ΤΙΣ (who, what).

G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: OW-toh

Translations: him, it, himself, itself, the same, this, that, of him, of it, to him, to it

Notes: ΑΥΤΟ is an inflected form of the third-person pronoun or demonstrative adjective ΑΥΤΟΣ. As a pronoun, it refers to 'him', 'her', or 'it', depending on gender and number. As an adjective, it can mean 'the same' or 'this/that very one'. It can also be used intensively to emphasize the subject, meaning 'himself' or 'itself'. Its meaning often depends on its position in the sentence relative to the noun it modifies.

Inflection: Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Singular

Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΟΥΤΟΣ

G2296

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-THOW-mah-zon

Translations: they were amazed, they marveled, they wondered, they were astonished

Notes: This is the third person plural imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'thaumazo'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were amazed' or 'they kept on marveling'. It conveys a sense of wonder, astonishment, or admiration, often implying a strong emotional reaction to something remarkable or unexpected. It can be used to describe a group of people expressing their surprise or admiration.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΚΠΛΗΣΣΩ, ΘΑΜΒΕΩ

Etymology: The root verb ΘΑΥΜΑΖΩ (thaumazo) comes from ΘΑΥΜΑ (thauma), meaning 'a wonder, a marvel'. It is related to the verb ΘΕΑΟΜΑΙ (theaomai), 'to gaze at, behold', suggesting an origin connected to observing something remarkable.

G1722

Part of Speech: Preposition

Sounds like: EN

Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to

Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.

G3004

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: leh-GOHN

Translations: saying, speaking, telling

Notes: ΛΕΓΩΝ is the present active participle of the verb λέγω (legō), meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is commonly used to introduce direct or indirect speech, functioning similarly to 'saying' or 'speaking' in English. For example, it might be translated as 'he came saying...' or 'they decreed, speaking...'. It describes an ongoing action of speaking or declaring.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative

Synonyms: ΛΑΛΩΝ, ΦΩΝΩΝ, ΕΡΩΝ

Etymology: The word λέγω (legō) comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to collect, gather, pick out'. In Greek, it evolved to mean 'to speak' or 'to say', perhaps from the idea of 'picking out words'.

G5118

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: toh-SOO-tone

Translations: of so great, of so many, of such, of so much

Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'so great,' 'so many,' or 'such.' It is used to indicate a large quantity or degree of something, often emphasizing the extent. It can be used to describe both countable and uncountable nouns.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΟΣΟΣ, ΤΗΛΙΚΟΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: From the Greek words ΤΟΣΟΣ (tos-os), meaning 'so much, so great,' and ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos), meaning 'this, that.'

G2875

Part of Speech: Participle

Sounds like: keh-KOM-meh-nohn

Translations: of cut, of having been cut, of struck, of having been struck, of beaten, of having been beaten

Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, meaning 'having been cut' or 'having been struck'. It describes something that has undergone the action of cutting or striking and is now in that state. In the provided examples, it describes branches that have been cut.

Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Genitive, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΤΕΤΜΗΜΕΝΩΝ, ΠΕΠΛΗΓΜΕΝΩΝ

G3003

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: LEH-gee

Translations: Legion, a legion

Notes: This word is a Latin loanword, 'legio', meaning a legion, which was a large unit of the Roman army, typically comprising several thousand soldiers. In the New Testament, it is notably used metaphorically to describe a large number of demons, as seen in the story of the Gerasene demoniac where the demons identify themselves as 'Legion' because they are many. It signifies a vast, organized multitude.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΛΗΘΟΣ, ΣΤΡΑΤΕΥΜΑ

G4166

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: poy-MAYN

Translations: shepherd, a shepherd, pastor, a pastor

Notes: This word refers to a person who tends, feeds, or guards flocks of sheep, goats, or other livestock. Figuratively, it can also refer to a leader or guide, especially in a spiritual sense, like a pastor or overseer of a congregation. It is used to describe someone who cares for and protects others.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΑΡΧΙΠΟΙΜΗΝ, ΕΠΙΣΚΟΠΟΣ

Etymology: From an assumed primary verb ποιμάω (poimaō), meaning 'to shepherd'. It is related to the concept of feeding and tending.

G591

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ah-peh-DIH-doo

Translations: was giving back, was rendering, was paying, was restoring, was yielding, was returning, was delivering

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'apodidomi'. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It means 'to give back', 'to render', 'to pay what is due', 'to restore', 'to yield' (as in fruit), or 'to deliver'. It often implies fulfilling an obligation or returning something that belongs to another. For example, it could be used to describe someone continuously paying a debt or a tree consistently bearing fruit.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΑΠΟΔΙΔΩ, ΑΠΟΔΙΔΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΔΟΤΗΣ

G2983

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-LAM-bah-neh

Translations: he was taking, he used to take, he took, he was receiving, he received, he was seizing, he seized

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Koine Greek verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambano), meaning 'to take', 'to receive', or 'to seize'. The form 'ελάμβανε' indicates an ongoing or repeated action in the past. It describes what someone 'was taking' or 'used to take' or 'was receiving' at a particular time. It can also imply a simple past action, 'he took' or 'he received', especially when the emphasis is on the action itself rather than its completion.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Singular

Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ, ΑΙΡΕΩ

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun

Sounds like: TOOS

Translations: the, them, those

Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.

Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-pee-deh-DOH-koh-tahs

Translations: having given, having delivered, having committed, having entrusted

Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb epididomi, meaning 'to give over, deliver, commit, or entrust.' As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action that has been completed in the past and has ongoing relevance. It indicates someone who has already performed the action of giving or delivering something.

Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Synonyms: ΔΕΔΩΚΟΤΑΣ, ΠΑΡΑΔΕΔΩΚΟΤΑΣ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ (epididomi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to,' and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give.' Thus, it literally means 'to give upon' or 'to give to,' conveying the sense of delivering or committing something.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ih-STAH-nes-thai

Translations: to stand, to be placed, to be appointed, to be set, to be established, to be made to stand

Notes: This word is the present middle/passive infinitive form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It means 'to stand' or 'to be placed/set/appointed'. In the middle voice, it implies an action done to oneself, such as 'to stand oneself' or 'to take one's stand'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be caused to stand' or 'to be established'. It is used to describe a state of being upright or a process of being positioned or appointed.

Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Infinitive

Synonyms: ἘΣΤΑΝΑΙ, ΚΑΘΙΣΤΑΝΑΙ

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ih-STAS-thai

Translations: to stand, to be placed, to be appointed, to stop, to be established, to be set up

Notes: This word is the present middle or passive infinitive form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi). It means 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. In the middle voice, it often means 'to stand oneself', 'to take one's stand', or 'to stop'. In the passive voice, it means 'to be stood', 'to be placed', 'to be appointed', or 'to be established'. It can describe a physical act of standing, or a more abstract concept of being firm, stable, or appointed to a position.

Inflection: Present, Infinitive, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ἙΣΤΑΝΑΙ, ΣΤΗΝΑΙ

Etymology: The word ἵστημι (histēmi) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-, meaning 'to stand'. It is related to many words across Indo-European languages that convey the idea of standing, placing, or establishing.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-peh-DIH-doh-sahn

Translations: they were delivering, they were giving, they were handing over, they were presenting, they were yielding

Notes: This word is the imperfect active indicative, third person plural form of the verb epididomi. It describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, meaning 'they were giving,' 'they were delivering,' or 'they were handing over.' It implies a continuous or habitual action of giving or presenting something.

Inflection: Imperfect, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΔΙΔΟΣΑΝ, ΠΡΟΣΕΦΕΡΟΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΔΙΔΩΜΙ (epididomi) is a compound verb formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'to,' and the verb ΔΙΔΩΜΙ (didomi), meaning 'to give.' Thus, its meaning is literally 'to give upon' or 'to give to,' which evolves into 'to hand over,' 'to deliver,' or 'to present.'

G3584

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: xee-RAS

Translations: dry, of dry, of dry land, of dry ground, of the dry place, of the wilderness

Notes: This word primarily means 'dry' and can be used as an adjective to describe something that is not wet. When used as a noun, it refers to 'dry land' or 'dry ground', often in contrast to water. It can also refer to a 'wilderness' or 'desert' area. In the provided context, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin, such as 'of the dry land'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΕΡΗΜΟΣ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ

G0235

Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb

Sounds like: ALL

Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, however, moreover, indeed

Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a contrast, an exception, or an emphasis. It often translates to 'but' or 'yet' when contrasting two ideas, or 'rather' when correcting a previous statement. It can also be used to add emphasis, meaning 'indeed' or 'moreover'. It is an indeclinable particle.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΠΛΗΝ, ΟΜΩΣ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *alyos, meaning 'other'. It is related to Latin alius and English 'else'.

G3756

Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle

Sounds like: OOK

Translations: not, no

Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.

G1510

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: AY-sahn

Translations: they were, they had been

Notes: ΗΣΑΝ is an inflected form of the verb 'ΕΙΜΙ' (eimi), meaning 'to be'. Specifically, it is the third person plural imperfect indicative form. It describes an ongoing or continuous state or action in the past, often translated as 'they were' or 'they used to be'. It is commonly used to describe the state or existence of multiple subjects in a past context.

Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Imperfect, Indicative

Etymology: The Koine Greek verb ΕΙΜΙ (eimi) derives from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to be' or 'to exist'. It is one of the most fundamental and frequently used verbs in the language, indicating existence, state, or identity.

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: SAY-tos

Translations: rotten, decayed, worm-eaten, a rotten, a decayed, a worm-eaten

Notes: This word describes something that is rotten, decayed, or worm-eaten. It is used to describe things that are in a state of decomposition or ruin, often implying something that is worthless or repulsive due to its decay. It can be used to describe objects, food, or even metaphorical states of decay.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΣΑΠΡΟΣ, ΔΙΑΦΘΑΡΜΕΝΟΣ

Etymology: The origin of this word is uncertain, but it is related to the concept of decay and putrefaction.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: IS-tan-toh

Translations: they stood, they were standing, they were placed, they were set, they were appointed

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb ἵστημι (histēmi), meaning 'to stand' or 'to cause to stand'. In this form, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, specifically that a group of people or things were standing, being placed, or being appointed. It can also imply a state of being set or established.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person, Plural

Synonyms: ἘΣΤΗΚΑΝ, ἘΣΤΗΚΟΝ

G1325

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-DIH-doon

Translations: they were giving, they gave, he was giving, he gave, she was giving, she gave

Notes: This word is an imperfect active indicative form of the verb 'didomi', meaning 'to give'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past, or an action that was attempted or in progress. Depending on the context, it can be translated as 'they were giving' (plural subject) or 'he/she was giving' (singular subject, if the context implies a singular subject despite the plural ending, which can happen with certain verbs or constructions). It implies a continuous or habitual action in the past.

Inflection: Third Person Plural, Imperfect, Active, Indicative

Synonyms: ΠΑΡΕΧΩ, ΔΩΡΕΟΜΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'to give'. It is related to other words across various Indo-European languages that share the concept of giving.

G4464

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rah-b-DOHS

Translations: of a rod, of a staff, of a scepter, of a stick, rods, staves, scepters, sticks

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the Koine Greek noun 'rhabdos' (ΡΑΒΔΟΣ). It can mean 'of a rod' or 'of a staff' when used in the genitive singular case. Alternatively, it can mean 'rods' or 'staves' when used in the nominative or accusative plural case. It refers to a stick, staff, rod, or even a scepter, often used as an instrument of authority, support, or punishment.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive or Plural, Nominative or Plural, Accusative

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΟΝ, ΒΑΚΤΗΡΙΑ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-OO-sas

Translations: having, possessing, holding, holding fast, keeping, wearing, wearing (a garment), having (a disease), having (a quality), having (a relationship), having (a state), having (a condition)

Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes someone or something that is in the act of possessing, holding, or keeping something. It can also refer to wearing an item, having a particular quality or condition, or being in a certain relationship. It is a present active participle, indicating ongoing action.

Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative, Present Active Participle

Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΟΥΣΑΣ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΑΣ

G5561

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: KHO-ras

Translations: of a country, of a region, of a land, of a place, of the country, of the region, of the land, of the place, countries, regions, lands, places

Notes: This word refers to a country, region, land, or place. It is often used to denote a specific geographical area or territory. In its genitive singular form, it indicates possession or origin, such as 'of a country' or 'from a region'. It can also function as the nominative or accusative plural, meaning 'countries' or 'regions'.

Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine; or Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΓΗ

G5515

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHLO-ras

Translations: green, fresh, pale green, verdant

Notes: This word describes something as being green, fresh, or verdant, like new growth or vegetation. It can also refer to a pale green or yellowish-green color, sometimes associated with paleness in complexion. It is used to describe the state or color of a noun.

Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Feminine

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΣΙΝΟΣ, ΝΕΟΣ

Etymology: The word ΧΛΩΡΟΣ comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'yellow, green'. It is related to words in other languages referring to colors like yellow, green, or pale.

G3303

Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction

Sounds like: MEN

Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however

Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: iss-TAH-non-toh

Translations: they were standing, they stood, they were placed, they were set

Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἵστημι' (histēmi), meaning 'to stand', 'to set', or 'to place'. In this form, it describes an action that was ongoing or repeated in the past, specifically that a group of people or things were standing, being placed, or being set. It can be used to describe people taking a position or objects being arranged.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural, Middle or Passive Voice

Synonyms: ΕΦΙΣΤΗΜΙ, ΣΤΗΚΩ, ΕΦΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ

G3398

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun, Adverb

Sounds like: mee-KRON

Translations: small, little, a little, a small thing, a short time

Notes: This word is an adjective that describes something as small in size, quantity, or importance. It can be used to refer to physical smallness, a small amount, or something of lesser significance. In its neuter form, it can also function as a noun meaning 'a small thing' or 'a little bit', or as an adverb meaning 'a little' or 'for a short time'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative; or Masculine or Feminine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΟΛΙΓΟΣ, ΒΡΑΧΥΣ

Etymology: The word ΜΙΚΡΟΣ comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'small'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of smallness or littleness.

G4978

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: SKHIS-ma

Translations: schism, a schism, division, a division, rent, a rent, tear, a tear, split, a split

Notes: This word refers to a division, a split, or a tear. It can describe a physical tearing, like a rent in a garment, or a metaphorical division, such as a disagreement or a faction within a group. It is often used to denote a separation or disunity.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative; Plural, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΠΑΣΜΟΣ, ΔΙΧΟΣΤΑΣΙΑ, ΔΙΑΙΡΕΣΙΣ

Etymology: From the Greek verb σχίζω (schizō), meaning "to split" or "to cleave."

G1438

Part of Speech: Pronoun

Sounds like: eh-ow-TES

Translations: themselves, yourselves, ourselves, of themselves, of yourselves, of ourselves

Notes: This word is a reflexive pronoun, meaning 'oneself' or 'themselves'. It is used to refer back to the subject of the sentence, indicating that the action is performed by the subject upon itself. It can be used in various cases to show possession (genitive), indirect object (dative), or direct object (accusative), always referring back to the subject.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders

Etymology: The word is a compound of the reflexive pronoun 'αυτός' (autos, 'self') and the personal pronoun 'ε' (e, 'of oneself').

G2087

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: EH-teh-ROHN

Translations: of others, of other things, of different ones

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the adjective 'heteros', meaning 'other' or 'another'. It often implies a difference in kind or quality, distinguishing it from 'allos' which means 'another of the same kind'. It is used to refer to things or people that are distinct or different from those previously mentioned or understood.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΑΛΛΩΝ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the Latin word 'alter' (other, another).

G5515

Part of Speech: Adjective

Sounds like: KHLO-ron

Translations: green, pale, fresh, a green thing, a pale thing

Notes: This word describes something that is green in color, like plants or grass. It can also refer to something fresh, new, or even pale, depending on the context. In the provided examples, it refers to green vegetation. It is often used to describe living plants or the color associated with them.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative

Synonyms: ΠΡΑΣΙΝΟΣ, ΦΥΤΕΥΤΟΣ

Etymology: The word "ΧΛΩΡΟΣ" comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'yellow, green'. It is related to words describing colors like yellow, green, or pale.

G3062

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: LOY-pah

Translations: remaining, the rest, the others, what is left, the things that remain

Notes: This word refers to what is left over, remaining, or the rest of something. It can be used as an adjective to describe things that are remaining, or substantively as a noun to refer to the remaining people or things. It is often used in the plural to mean 'the rest' or 'the others'.

Inflection: Nominative or Accusative, Neuter, Plural; or Nominative or Vocative, Feminine, Singular

Synonyms: ΥΠΟΛΟΙΠΟΣ, ΚΑΤΑΛΟΙΠΟΣ

G4464

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: rahb-DOHN

Translations: of rods, of staffs, of scepters

Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun 'ῥάβδος' (rhabdos), meaning 'rod,' 'staff,' or 'scepter.' It refers to multiple rods, staffs, or scepters, indicating possession or origin, similar to saying 'of the rods' in English. It is often used to denote an instrument of authority, discipline, or support.

Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΩΝ, ΒΑΚΤΗΡΙΩΝ

Etymology: The word ῥάβδος (rhabdos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It has been used since ancient times to refer to a stick or staff.

G3584

Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun

Sounds like: xee-RAH

Translations: dry, withered, dry land, a dry land

Notes: This word can function as an adjective meaning 'dry' or 'withered'. It is often used substantively as a noun to refer to 'dry land' or 'the dry ground', in contrast to the sea or water. For example, one might speak of coming ashore onto the dry land.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΑΥΧΜΗΡΟΣ, ΑΝΥΔΡΟΣ

Etymology: The word comes from an ancient root meaning 'to dry' or 'to parch'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages with similar meanings.

G2064

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: EHR-khon-toh

Translations: they were coming, they came, they were going, they went

Notes: This is the imperfect indicative middle/passive form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. The imperfect tense describes an ongoing or repeated action in the past. So, 'they were coming' or 'they were going' indicates a continuous movement or a series of arrivals/departures in the past.

Inflection: Imperfect, Indicative, Middle or Passive Voice, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ

G2192

Part of Speech: Verb, Participle

Sounds like: EKH-on-tes

Translations: having, holding, possessing, being, keeping, holding fast, holding back, having in mind, being able, being in a state of, being affected by

Notes: This word is the masculine nominative plural or feminine nominative plural or masculine accusative plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'ΕΧΩ' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes a group of people (or things) who are in the act of having, holding, or possessing something. It can also indicate a state of being or a condition. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'those having faith' or 'they who possess wisdom'.

Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative Plural (Masculine or Feminine) or Accusative Plural (Masculine)

Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ

G5613

Part of Speech: Adverb, Conjunction, Preposition

Sounds like: OHS

Translations: as, like, when, how, about, approximately, that, so that

Notes: ΩΣ is a versatile particle in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction or adverb. It is used to introduce comparisons ('as,' 'like'), indicate time ('when'), express manner ('how'), or denote purpose or result ('so that,' 'that'). It can also indicate approximation ('about,' 'approximately') or serve as a preposition meaning 'to' or 'towards' with certain cases.

Inflection: Does not inflect

Synonyms: ΩΣΠΕΡ, ΚΑΘΩΣ, ΩΣΑΝΕΙ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to demonstrative pronouns and adverbs indicating manner or comparison.

G4119

Part of Speech: Adjective, Adverb

Sounds like: PLEH-on

Translations: more, a greater amount, a greater number, further, moreover, besides

Notes: This word signifies 'more' or 'greater' and can function as both an adjective and an adverb. As an adjective, it describes a larger quantity or degree of something. As an adverb, it indicates an increase in action or extent, often translated as 'further' or 'moreover'. It is the neuter singular form of the adjective 'πλέων'.

Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative (as an adjective); Does not inflect (as an adverb)

Synonyms: ΠΕΡΙΣΣΟΤΕΡΟΝ, ΜΑΛΛΟΝ

Etymology: The word 'πλέων' (pleōn) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fill' or 'full'. It is related to words signifying abundance or completion.

G3313

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: MEH-ross

Translations: part, a part, share, a share, portion, a portion, region, a region, side, a side

Notes: This word refers to a part, share, or portion of something. It can also denote a region or a side. It is commonly used to indicate a division or segment of a whole, or a specific area or direction.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter

Synonyms: ΜΟΙΡΑ, ΚΛΗΡΟΣ, ΤΜΗΜΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *smer- 'to allot, assign'. It is related to the verb μείρομαι (meiromai), meaning 'to receive one's share'.

G1909

Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb

Sounds like: EP-ee

Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a

Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'

Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.

Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.

G5124

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TOO-toys

Translations: (to) these, (for) these, (with) these, (by) these

Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective meaning 'this' or 'that'. It points to something specific, indicating 'these things' or 'these people'. As a dative case, it often indicates the indirect object of a verb, the recipient of an action, or the means/instrument by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to these', 'for these', 'with these', or 'by these', depending on the context.

Inflection: Dative, Plural, All genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)

Synonyms: ΟΥ͂ΤΟΙ, ἘΚΕΊΝΟΙΣ

G5463

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: ekh-AH-ree

Translations: he rejoiced, she rejoiced, it rejoiced, he was glad, she was glad, it was glad

Notes: This word means 'he/she/it rejoiced' or 'he/she/it was glad'. It is the third person singular, aorist indicative passive form of the verb 'χαίρω' (chairo), which means 'to rejoice' or 'to be glad'. Although it is in the passive voice, for this particular verb, the passive form often carries an active meaning, indicating that the subject experienced joy or gladness.

Inflection: Third Person Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Passive

Synonyms: ΑΓΑΛΛΙΑΩ, ΕΥΦΡΑΙΝΩ

G3778, G0846

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: tow-TOH

Translations: the same, this same, that same, (to) the same, (in) the same, (with) the same

Notes: ΤΑΥΤΩ is a compound word formed from the demonstrative pronoun/adjective 'οὗτος' (this/that) and the intensive/reflexive pronoun 'αὐτός' (self/same). It means 'the same' and is used to emphasize identity or sameness. It can function as a pronoun or an adjective, often indicating a specific person, thing, or concept that is identical to one previously mentioned.

Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter

Synonyms: ΟΜΟΙΟΣ, ΙΣΟΣ

G1096

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: eh-GEH-neh-san

Translations: they became, they were, they came to be, they happened, they arose

Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai). It describes an action that occurred in the past, completed at a specific point, and is often translated as 'they became,' 'they were,' or 'they came to be.' It can refer to a state of being, an event happening, or a transformation.

Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural

Synonyms: ΕΙΜΙ, ΥΠΑΡΧΩ

Etymology: The verb 'γίνομαι' (ginomai) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to come into being' or 'to be born.' It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey ideas of becoming or generation.

Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Interjection, Prefix, Numeral

Sounds like: AI

Translations: the, who, which, alas, oh, 11

Notes: The word 'ΑΙ' can function in several ways in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it is the feminine nominative plural form of the definite article, meaning 'the' (referring to multiple feminine nouns). It can also be the feminine nominative plural form of the relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which'. Less frequently, it can be an interjection expressing sorrow or pain, similar to 'alas' or 'oh'. It can also appear as a prefix in compound words. Additionally, 'ΑΙ' can represent the number 11 when used as a numerical symbol (alpha-iota). It is also possible for 'ΑΙ' to be an elision or contraction of other words, such as 'ἀεί' (always) or 'ἄγε' (come on!), though this is less common in the New Testament.

Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Plural (for article and pronoun); Does not inflect (for interjection, prefix, and numeral)

Etymology: The origin of 'ΑΙ' as a definite article and relative pronoun is from Proto-Indo-European. Its use as an interjection is onomatopoeic.

G3927

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: pa-ra-fy-A-des

Translations: shoots, suckers, sprouts, branches, offshoots

Notes: This word refers to shoots, suckers, or sprouts that grow from a plant, often from the base or roots. It can also metaphorically refer to offshoots or branches of something. In the provided context, it describes new growths from a plant or metaphorical extensions.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Feminine

Synonyms: ΒΛΑΣΤΟΣ, ΚΛΑΔΟΣ, ΦΥΤΟΝ

Etymology: The word is a compound of the preposition ΠΑΡΑ (para), meaning 'beside' or 'from', and the noun ΦΥΑΣ (phyas), meaning 'a growth' or 'shoot', which comes from the verb ΦΥΩ (phyo), 'to grow' or 'produce'.

G2590

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: kar-PON

Translations: fruit, a fruit, produce, crop, result, profit

Notes: This word refers to the fruit or produce of plants, trees, or the earth. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the result, outcome, or profit of actions or endeavors. In the provided examples, it refers to the literal fruit of plants.

Inflection: Singular, Masculine, Accusative

Synonyms: ΓΕΝΝΗΜΑ, ΕΚΒΑΣΙΣ, ΑΠΟΒΑΣΙΣ

Etymology: The word ΚΑΡΠΟΣ (karpos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'to pluck' or 'to gather'.

G5100

Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective

Sounds like: TEE-nah

Translations: who, what, which, some, any, a certain one, something, anything

Notes: ΤΙΝΑ is an inflected form of the pronoun/adjective ΤΙΣ. As an interrogative, it asks 'who?', 'what?', or 'which?'. As an indefinite, it means 'someone', 'something', 'anyone', 'anything', 'a certain one', or 'some'. Its meaning depends heavily on context and whether it is used in a question or a statement. It can function as both a pronoun standing alone or an adjective modifying a noun.

Inflection: Accusative Singular Masculine or Feminine, or Nominative/Accusative Plural Neuter

G2279

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: EE-kho

Translations: sound, a sound, noise, a noise, roar, a roar, report, a report

Notes: This word refers to a sound, noise, or report. It can describe any audible phenomenon, from a gentle sound to a loud roar. It is often used to describe the sound of a voice, a trumpet, or a multitude.

Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΦΩΝΗ, ΚΡΑΥΓΗ

Etymology: The word ΗΧΟΣ (echos) comes from an imitative root, reflecting the sound it describes. It is related to the verb ΗΧΕΩ (echeo), meaning 'to sound' or 'to resound'.

G0444

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: AN-throh-poy

Translations: men, people, human beings

Notes: This word refers to human beings in general, encompassing both men and women. It is used to distinguish humans from God or from animals. In a sentence, it would typically function as the subject or object, referring to a group of people.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΙ, ΒΡΟΤΩΝ

Etymology: The word "ΑΝΘΡΩΠΟΣ" is of uncertain origin, but it is an ancient Greek term for a human being. Some theories suggest it may be related to words meaning 'upward-looking' or 'earth-faced'.

Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Particle

Sounds like: EP-see-lon (as a letter name), eh (as a sound)

Translations: E, 5, if, then, indeed

Notes: This is the fifth letter of the Greek alphabet, epsilon. It can represent the number 5. As a standalone word, 'Ε' is not typically found in Koine Greek texts. It is highly probable that 'Ε' in the provided context is a typographical error or an abbreviation for a word like 'εἰ' (if) or 'ἐν' (in). If it were 'εἰ', it would function as a conditional particle meaning 'if'. If it were 'ἐν', it would be a preposition meaning 'in' or 'among'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a letter or numeral). As a particle, it does not inflect.

Etymology: The letter Epsilon (Ε) is derived from the Phoenician letter He. Its name 'epsilon' means 'simple E' to distinguish it from the diphthong 'αι' (ai), which had come to be pronounced the same way.

G4464

Part of Speech: Noun

Sounds like: RAHB-doy

Translations: rods, staves, sticks, scepters

Notes: This word refers to a rod, staff, or stick. It can be used for various purposes, such as a walking stick, a tool for discipline or punishment, or as a symbol of authority, like a scepter. In the provided examples, it appears in the plural form, referring to multiple rods or staves.

Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine

Synonyms: ΞΥΛΑ, ΒΑΚΤΗΡΙΑ

Etymology: The word ῥάβδος (rhabdos) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It refers generally to a stick or rod.

G2147

Part of Speech: Verb

Sounds like: yoo-re-THAY-san

Translations: they were found, they were discovered

Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'they were found' or 'they were discovered'. It is the aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'to find'. It describes an action that occurred in the past, where the subjects of the verb were the recipients of the action of being found.

Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural

Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΕΘΗΣΑΝ, ΚΑΤΑΛΗΦΘΗΣΑΝ

Etymology: The word ΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ (heuriskō) comes from Proto-Indo-European *werh₁- ('to find, to discover'). It is related to Latin invenire ('to find').

G4862

Part of Speech: Preposition, Prefix

Sounds like: soon

Translations: with, together with, along with

Notes: ΣΥΝ is a preposition that typically takes the dative case, meaning 'with' or 'together with', indicating association, accompaniment, or union. It is also very commonly used as a prefix in compound words, where it conveys the idea of 'togetherness', 'union', 'completion', or 'joint action'. For example, 'συντρίβω' (syntribo) means 'to break together' or 'to crush', and 'συνκαίω' (synkaio) means 'to burn together'.

Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition); as a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the verb or noun it attaches to.

Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑ, ΟΜΟΥ

Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kom, meaning 'with' or 'beside'. It is cognate with Latin 'cum' and English 'co-' or 'con-'.

G0846