Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Shepherd of Hermas / Chapter 15Shepherd of Hermas, Chapter 15
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOOS
Translations: the, them, those
Notes: ΤΟΥΣ is the masculine plural accusative form of the definite article or demonstrative pronoun 'ὁ'. As an article, it functions like 'the' in English, specifying a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As a pronoun, it means 'them' or 'those', referring to a group of masculine individuals or things in the accusative case, indicating they are the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Plural, Accusative, Masculine
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *so- (demonstrative pronoun).
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-ROOS
Translations: others, other ones
Notes: This word means 'other' or 'another' of a different kind, implying a distinction or difference from something previously mentioned or understood. It is used to refer to individuals or things that are distinct from a primary group or item. For example, 'he spoke to others' would imply he spoke to people who were different from a specific group.
Inflection: Accusative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΛΛΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to the English word 'other'.
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thooss
Translations: stones, rocks
Notes: This word refers to stones or rocks. It is used to describe physical pieces of rock, whether large or small, and can appear in various contexts, such as building materials, natural formations, or objects used for throwing.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Accusative
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑΙ, ΒΡΑΧΟΙ
G3775
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OOS
Translations: ear, an ear
Notes: This word refers to the anatomical organ of hearing, the ear. It is used in various contexts to denote the physical ear, but also metaphorically for the act of hearing or understanding, as in 'to lend an ear' or 'to have ears to hear'. It is a singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΩΤΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂ows- (ear).
G1492
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-des
Translations: you saw, you knew, you perceived, you understood
Notes: This word is the second person singular aorist active indicative form of the verb 'οἶδα' (oida), which means 'to know' or 'to see'. In this specific form, it refers to an action of seeing or knowing that occurred in the past and is completed. It can be used in sentences where someone directly observed or gained knowledge of something.
Inflection: Second Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΒΛΕΠΩ, ΟΡΑΩ
Etymology: The verb 'οἶδα' (oida) is a perfect tense form used with a present meaning, meaning 'I know' (literally 'I have seen'). It is related to the Proto-Indo-European root *weid-, meaning 'to see' or 'to know'.
G3112
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: mah-KRAHN
Translations: far, far away, a long way off, at a distance
Notes: This word means 'far' or 'at a distance'. It is used to indicate a significant spatial separation between objects or locations. It can also sometimes refer to a long period of time, meaning 'for a long time' or 'long ago'.
Inflection: Adverbial accusative feminine singular of ΜΑΚΡΟΣ
Synonyms: ΠΟΡΡΩ, ΑΠΩΘΕΝ
G0575
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: AH-po
Translations: from, away from, by, of, out of, because of, by means of
Notes: This word is a preposition that primarily indicates separation, origin, or cause. It is always followed by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case. It can mean 'from' in the sense of moving away from a place, 'from' in the sense of origin or source, or 'by' when indicating the agent or cause of an action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *apo- 'off, away'. It is cognate with Latin ab and English off.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-goo
Translations: of a tower, of the tower, a tower, the tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, a fortified structure, or a bastion. It is used to describe a tall, strong building, often part of a city wall or a fortress, providing defense or observation. It can also refer to a watchtower or a stronghold.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΑΚΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ
G4496
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: RHIP-toh-MEH-noos
Translations: being thrown, being cast, being hurled, those being thrown, those being cast, those being hurled
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle derived from the verb 'to throw' or 'to cast'. It describes something or someone that is in the process of being thrown, cast, or hurled. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., 'the thrown stones'), or as a substantive (a noun), referring to 'those who are being thrown' or 'the things being thrown'.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Masculine, Plural, Accusative Case
Synonyms: ΒΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ, ΕΚΒΑΛΛΟΜΕΝΟΥΣ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G4098
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PIP-toh-tas
Translations: falling, falling down, falling upon, falling into, falling away, perishing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'πίπτω' (pipto), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action of falling or having fallen, and can convey various nuances depending on context, such as physically falling, collapsing, falling into a state or condition, or perishing.
Inflection: Present Participle, Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΣΟΝΤΑΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΑΣ
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ho-DON
Translations: way, a way, road, a road, journey, a journey, path, a path
Notes: This word refers to a way, road, or path, whether literal or figurative. It can describe a physical route or a course of conduct, a manner of life, or a journey. As an accusative singular noun, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΑΤΡΑΠΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
G2947
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: koo-lee-oh-MEH-noos
Translations: rolling, being rolled, those rolling, those being rolled
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'κυλίω', meaning 'to roll' or 'to cause to roll'. As a participle, it describes an action that is ongoing or in progress, functioning like an adjective or adverb. In this form, it refers to things or people that are in the process of rolling or being rolled.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Accusative Case, Plural Number, Masculine Gender
Synonyms: ΚΥΛΙΝΔΩ
Etymology: The word κυλίω (kylíō) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kel- meaning 'to turn, to revolve'. It is related to other words in Greek and other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of turning or rolling.
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G3598
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oh-DOO
Translations: (of) way, (of) road, (of) journey, (of) path
Notes: This word refers to a physical path, road, or highway. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a course of action, a journey, or a way of life. In a sentence, it would indicate possession or origin related to a way or path, such as 'the end of the road' or 'the beginning of the journey'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΤΡΙΒΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAS
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑΣ is the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a particular noun, similar to 'the' in English. This specific form is used when the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the accusative case, indicating the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Feminine, Plural, Accusative
G0422
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-DEE-as
Translations: journey, a journey, way, a way
Notes: This word refers to a journey or a way, often implying a road or a path taken. It can describe the act of traveling or the route itself. It is a compound word formed from 'ana' (up, again) and 'hodos' (way, road).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΟΣ, ΠΟΡΕΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the prefix 'ana' (up, again) and 'hodos' (way, road). It literally means 'a way up' or 'a way back', but commonly refers to a journey or a road.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OO-toy
Translations: these, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they'. It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are nearby or have just been mentioned. It functions similarly to 'these ones' or 'these people' in English.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
G1510
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EYE-seen
Translations: they are, are
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be'. It means 'they are' or simply 'are', indicating existence or a state of being for a plural subject. It can be used to link a subject to a predicate, such as 'they are good' or to state the existence of something, as in 'there are many people'.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΟΥΣΙΝ, ΓΙΝΟΝΤΑΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: peh-pis-TEV-koh-tes
Translations: having believed, having trusted, having been persuaded, those who have believed
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, indicating a completed action with ongoing results. It describes someone who has come to a state of belief or trust and remains in that state. It can function adjectivally, describing a noun, or substantivally, referring to 'those who have believed'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine, Perfect, Active, Participle
Synonyms: ΠΕΠΙΣΤΕΥΚΟΤΕΣ, ΠΕΠΟΙΘΟΤΕΣ
G3303
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: MEN
Translations: indeed, on the one hand, truly, certainly, but, however
Notes: This word is a particle often used to introduce a clause that is contrasted with a following clause, which is typically introduced by the particle δέ (de). It can indicate a concession, an affirmation, or simply serve to mark a transition in thought. While it often translates as 'indeed' or 'on the one hand,' its precise meaning is highly dependent on context and the presence of a contrasting 'δέ' clause.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΓΕ, ΚΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient particle used to mark emphasis or contrast.
G1375
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dip-sy-KHEE-as
Translations: of double-mindedness, of wavering, of indecision, of doubt
Notes: This word refers to a state of having two minds or being of two souls, indicating indecision, wavering, or doubt. It describes a person who is unstable in their thoughts or beliefs, often pulled in two different directions. It is a compound word formed from 'δις' (dis, meaning 'twice' or 'double') and 'ψυχή' (psychē, meaning 'soul' or 'mind').
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΜΦΙΒΟΛΙΑ, ΑΣΤΑΘΕΙΑ, ΑΠΙΣΤΙΑ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: ow-TOH
Translations: (to) him, (to) her, (to) it, (to) them, (for) him, (for) her, (for) it, (for) them, himself, herself, itself, themselves, the same
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun that can also function as an adjective. In its pronominal use, it typically means 'him', 'her', 'it', or 'them', depending on the gender and number. When used intensively, it can mean 'himself', 'herself', 'itself', or 'themselves', emphasizing the subject. As an adjective, it means 'the same'. The form ΑΥΤΩ is in the dative case, indicating the indirect object of an action, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ, ΟΥΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΥΤΟΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly from a demonstrative pronominal stem. It is a fundamental pronoun in Greek, used across various dialects and periods.
G0863
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-fee-OO-sin
Translations: they will send away, they will let go, they will forgive, they will permit, they will leave, they will abandon, they will divorce
Notes: This word is the future active indicative, third person plural form of the verb 'ΑΦΙΗΜΙ (aphiēmi)'. It means 'they will send away', 'they will let go', 'they will forgive', 'they will permit', 'they will leave', 'they will abandon', or 'they will divorce'. Its meaning can vary depending on the context, often implying a release or separation. For example, it can refer to releasing someone from a debt, letting go of a person, or forgiving sins.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΛΥΩ, ΕΑΩ, ΧΩΡΕΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, their own
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun in the genitive plural. It can be translated as 'of them' or 'their', indicating possession or origin. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'their own' or 'of themselves', referring back to the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΦΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ
G228
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-lay-thee-NEEN
Translations: true, real, genuine, a true, a real, a genuine
Notes: This word describes something as being true, real, or genuine, as opposed to false, counterfeit, or merely apparent. It emphasizes the inherent nature or quality of something, indicating that it is exactly what it purports to be. It is often used to distinguish between a copy or shadow and the original or substance.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΗΣ, ΓΝΗΣΙΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΛΗΘΙΝΟΣ (alēthinos) is derived from the Koine Greek word ΑΛΗΘΗΣ (alēthēs), meaning 'true', which itself comes from the prefix 'a-' (not) and ΛΗΘΩ (lēthō), meaning 'to escape notice, to be hidden'. Thus, it literally means 'not hidden' or 'unconcealed', implying truth and reality.
G1380
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doh-KOO-tes
Translations: seeming, appearing, thinking, supposing, considering, being reputed, being esteemed
Notes: This word is a present active participle, masculine or neuter plural, derived from the verb 'δοκέω' (dokeō). It describes someone or something that is 'seeming' or 'appearing' to be a certain way, or 'thinking' or 'supposing' something. It can also refer to those who are 'reputed' or 'esteemed' in a particular manner.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΑΙΝΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΗΓΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.
G0957
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: bel-TEE-oh-nah
Translations: better, better things, better ones
Notes: This word is the accusative plural form of the adjective 'βελτίων', meaning 'better'. It is the comparative form of 'ἀγαθός' (good), indicating a higher degree of quality or excellence. It can be used to describe things or people that are superior or more advantageous.
Inflection: Accusative, Plural, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΡΕΙΤΤΟΝΑ, ΑΜΕΙΝΟΝΑ
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAH-stheh
Translations: you are able, you can, you may, you all are able, you all can, you all may
Notes: This word means 'to be able', 'to have power', or 'to be strong enough'. It is often used in conjunction with an infinitive verb, indicating the ability or capacity to perform an action. For example, 'you are able to do something'. It can also imply permission or possibility.
Inflection: Second Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
Etymology: The word δύναμαι (dynamai) comes from the root δύνα- (dyna-), meaning 'power' or 'ability'. It is related to words like δύναμις (dynamis, 'power') and δυνατός (dynatos, 'powerful').
G2147
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: yoo-REE-ne
Translations: to find, to discover, to obtain, to learn, to perceive, to acquire
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'εὑρίσκω' (heuriskō), meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. It describes the action of finding or coming upon something, often implying a search or an unexpected discovery. It can also mean to obtain something, to learn something, or to perceive something. In a sentence, it functions as a verbal noun, often completing the meaning of another verb or expressing purpose.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΥΡΙΣΚΩ, ΚΑΤΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΕΠΙΛΑΜΒΑΝΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'εὑρίσκω' (heuriskō) comes from an ancient Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to find' or 'to discover'. It has cognates in various Indo-European languages.
G4105
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Part of Speech: Participle, Noun, Adjective
Sounds like: plah-NOHN-tes
Translations: deceiving, leading astray, misleading, seducing, wanderers, deceivers, misleaders
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'to lead astray' or 'to deceive'. It describes someone who is actively causing others to wander, err, or be deceived. It can function as an adjective, modifying a noun (e.g., 'deceiving people'), or as a substantive, acting as a noun itself (e.g., 'the deceivers' or 'those who lead astray'). It implies a continuous or ongoing action of misleading.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΩΝΤΕΣ, ΠΛΑΝΟΙ
G4105
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: plah-NOHN-teh
Translations: leading astray, deceiving, misleading, wandering, causing to wander, seducing
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ΠΛΑΝΑΩ' (planao), meaning 'to lead astray' or 'to deceive'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing an action or state. It refers to someone or something that is actively engaged in the act of deceiving, misleading, or causing others to wander from the truth or the right path. It can also describe someone who is themselves wandering or being led astray.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Neuter, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΑΤΑΩ, ΠΛΑΝΟΣ
G5003
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: tah-lah-ee-poh-ROO-see
Translations: they suffer hardship, they are distressed, they are miserable, they toil, they endure
Notes: This word describes the state of enduring hardship, suffering, or being distressed. It implies a condition of misery, toil, or affliction. It is typically used to describe people who are undergoing difficult circumstances or experiencing a state of being worn out by trouble.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΠΑΘΕΩ, ΘΛΙΒΩ
Etymology: The word ταλαιπωρέω (talaipōreō) is derived from the noun ταλαιπωρία (talaipōria), meaning 'hardship' or 'distress', which itself comes from τάλαν (talan), meaning 'suffering' or 'wretched', and πωρέω (pōreō), meaning 'to be worn out' or 'to be hardened'.
G4043
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-ree-pah-TOON-tays
Translations: walking, living, conducting oneself, of those walking, to those walking
Notes: This word is a present active participle, indicating an ongoing action. It refers to 'those who are walking' or 'those who are conducting themselves' in a certain way. It is often used metaphorically to describe one's manner of life or behavior. The dative case indicates that it functions as an indirect object or indicates 'to' or 'for' those performing the action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ZOO, POLITEUOMAI, ANAPHERO
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH-ees
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: This word is the dative plural feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate that the noun it modifies is feminine, plural, and in the dative case, often signifying indirect objects, recipients, or the means by which something is done. It can be translated as 'to the' or 'for the', or simply 'the' depending on the context.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Feminine
G0458
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-no-MEE-ais
Translations: (to) lawlessness, (to) iniquity, (to) unrighteousness, (to) wickedness
Notes: This word refers to a state of being without law, or more commonly, a disregard for or violation of divine or moral law. It signifies lawlessness, iniquity, or wickedness. It describes actions or a lifestyle that is contrary to God's will or established moral principles. In a sentence, it would be used to describe the nature of certain deeds or the state of a person or group.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΑΣΕΒΕΙΑ, ΠΟΝΗΡΙΑ
G4098
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: PIP-ton-tays
Translations: to those falling, to those who fall, to those who are falling
Notes: This word is a dative plural form of the present active participle of the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall'. It describes an action of falling or collapsing that is ongoing or habitual. As a dative form, it typically indicates the indirect object of a verb, meaning 'to' or 'for' the ones who are falling.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΠΕΣΟΥΣΑΙΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΑΙΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G4442
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: poor
Translations: fire, a fire
Notes: This word refers to the element of fire. It is commonly used in a literal sense to denote burning, heat, or light. Metaphorically, it can represent divine judgment, purification, testing, or the presence of God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word with cognates in many Indo-European languages.
G2545
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Part of Speech: Verb, Participle
Sounds like: keh-OH-meh-noy
Translations: burning, being burned, being consumed
Notes: This word is a present middle/passive participle, meaning 'burning' or 'being burned/consumed'. It describes an ongoing action where the subject is either burning something (middle voice) or is being burned (passive voice). In the context of the provided example, it likely refers to people 'being burned' or 'being consumed' by fire.
Inflection: Present, Middle or Passive Voice, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΦΛΕΓΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΠΥΡΟΥΜΕΝΟΙ
G5056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TEH-los
Translations: end, a goal, a purpose, an outcome, a completion, a tax, a custom, a duty
Notes: This word refers to an end, a goal, a purpose, or the completion of something. It can also refer to a tax or custom duty. It is often used to denote the conclusion of an event or process, or the ultimate aim or objective. In some contexts, it refers to the payment of tribute or taxes.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΕΡΑΣ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΙΑ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΗ
Etymology: The word ΤΕΛΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to turn, to accomplish, to fulfill'. It is related to words signifying completion, fulfillment, and the end of a process.
G0868
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ap-os-TAN-tes
Translations: having departed, having stood away, having revolted, having apostatized, having withdrawn, having gone away
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'aphistēmi', meaning 'to stand away from' or 'to depart'. It describes someone who has already performed the action of departing, withdrawing, or even revolting or apostatizing. It is often used to indicate a separation, either physical or ideological, from a person, place, or belief.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Masculine, Nominative, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΛΘΟΝΤΕΣ, ΑΝΑΧΩΡΗΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G0001
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: ah-ZOH-tos
Translations: Azotus, Ashdod
Notes: Azotus is the Greek name for the ancient Philistine city of Ashdod, located on the Mediterranean coast. It is frequently mentioned in historical and biblical texts, particularly in the Old Testament as Ashdod and in the New Testament as Azotus, often in geographical contexts.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Azotus is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Ashdod (אַשְׁדּוֹד). It is a geographical name referring to an ancient city.
G3765
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OOK-eh-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not again
Notes: This word is a common misspelling or variant of the Koine Greek adverb 'οὐκέτι' (OUKETI), which means 'no longer' or 'no more'. It is a compound word formed from 'οὐ' (ou), meaning 'not', and 'ἔτι' (eti), meaning 'still' or 'yet'. It is used to indicate the cessation of a state or action.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΜΗΚΕΤΙ
Etymology: The word οὐκέτι (OUKETI) is a compound of the negative particle οὐ (OU), meaning 'not', and the adverb ἔτι (ETI), meaning 'still' or 'yet'.
G3765
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OO-keh-tee
Translations: no longer, no more, not yet, not still
Notes: This word is a compound adverb formed from ΟΥΚ (not) and ΕΤΙ (yet, still). It signifies the cessation of a state or action, meaning 'no longer' or 'no more'. It indicates that something that was true or happening previously is no longer the case. For example, if someone 'no longer' does something, it means they used to do it but have stopped.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΚΕΤΙ
Etymology: This word is a compound of the negative particle ΟΥΚ (not) and the adverb ΕΤΙ (yet, still). Its meaning is derived directly from the combination of these two elements.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOYS
Translations: (to) them, (for) them, (to) themselves, (for) themselves
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the pronoun 'ΑΥΤΟΣ' (autos). It can mean 'to them' or 'for them' when referring to a third person plural, or 'to themselves' or 'for themselves' when used reflexively. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the recipient of an action, and can apply to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Dative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee
Translations: he went up, she went up, it went up, he ascended, she ascended, it ascended, he came up, she came up, it came up, he climbed, she climbed, it climbed
Notes: This word describes the action of going up, ascending, or climbing. It is a past tense form, specifically indicating a completed action in the past. It can be used to describe a person or thing moving upwards, such as ascending a mountain, going up to a city, or rising from a lower place.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
G2588
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: kar-DEE-an
Translations: heart, a heart
Notes: This word refers to the physical organ, the heart, but more commonly in Koine Greek, it signifies the center of a person's being, including their thoughts, emotions, will, and conscience. It is often used metaphorically to represent the inner self or the core of one's personality. It can be used in contexts like 'to set in one's heart' meaning to ponder or decide, or 'to speak to one's heart' meaning to comfort or encourage.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G3340
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-no-EH-sai
Translations: to repent, to change one's mind, to feel remorse, to turn from sin
Notes: This word signifies a change of mind, often implying a turning away from past conduct, especially sin, and a turning towards God. It involves a deep regret for past actions and a decision to alter one's behavior and direction in life. It is used to describe the act of repenting or changing one's perspective and actions.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G1939
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ahs
Translations: (of) desire, (of) lust, (of) longing, (of) craving
Notes: This word refers to a strong desire or longing, which can be either positive (a good desire) or negative (a sinful lust). It often denotes an intense craving or passion. The meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΙΣ, ΠΑΘΟΣ, ΗΔΟΝΗ
G766
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-sel-GHEE-as
Translations: (of) sensuality, (of) debauchery, (of) licentiousness, (of) wantonness, (of) unbridled lust
Notes: This word refers to unbridled lust, sensuality, or debauchery, often implying a lack of moral restraint and a shameless indulgence in vice. It describes a state of moral excess and a disregard for public decency, often associated with sexual immorality but also encompassing other forms of unrestrained behavior. It is the genitive singular form of the noun 'aselgeia'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΚΟΛΑΣΙΑ, ΑΣΩΤΙΑ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TONE
Translations: of the
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the definite article 'the'. It functions to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for plural nouns, similar to 'of the' in English. It can precede nouns of any gender.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All Genders (Masculine, Feminine, Neuter)
G4189
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: po-nee-REE-ohn
Translations: of wickedness, of evil, of malice, of iniquity
Notes: This word refers to wickedness, evil, or malice. It describes a state or act of moral badness, depravity, or harmful intent. It is used to speak about the source or nature of evil deeds or thoughts.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΦΑΥΛΟΤΗΣ
G5607
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: OHN
Translations: being, who is, which is, he who is, they who are
Notes: This word is the present active participle of the verb 'to be'. It describes a state of being or existence, often functioning like an adjective or a noun. It can be translated as 'being' or 'who is/are' depending on the context, referring to someone or something that is in a particular state or performing an action of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Participle, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
G2038
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-GAH-san-toh
Translations: they worked, they did, they performed, they practiced, they traded
Notes: This is a verb in the Aorist Middle Indicative, 3rd Person Plural. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people, where the action is either done by them for themselves (middle voice) or done to them (passive voice, though less common for this verb in this form). It signifies that 'they' performed, accomplished, or engaged in some activity or labor. The specific nuance (e.g., 'worked' vs. 'traded') depends on the context.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΔΡΑΩ
Etymology: The word ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ (ergazomai) comes from the noun ΕΡΓΟΝ (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It signifies the act of performing work or labor.
G4098
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Part of Speech: Participle, Verb
Sounds like: PIP-ton-tas
Translations: falling, falling down, those falling, the ones falling
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'πίπτω' (piptō), meaning 'to fall' or 'to fall down'. As a participle, it describes an ongoing action and can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or nominally, acting as a noun itself. In this form, it refers to 'those who are falling' or 'the ones falling'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Accusative Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΣΟΝΤΑΣ, ΚΑΤΑΠΙΠΤΟΝΤΑΣ
Etymology: The verb 'πίπτω' (piptō) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to fall'. It is an ancient Greek verb with a long history of usage.
G1451
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Preposition
Sounds like: ENG-goos
Translations: near, nigh, at hand, close, ready, almost, of near
Notes: This word functions as an adverb meaning 'near' or 'at hand', indicating proximity in space or time. It can also be used as a preposition with the genitive case, meaning 'near to' or 'close to' something. For example, it might describe a person being physically close to a place, or an event being imminent. It can also convey the sense of 'almost' or 'ready'.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as an adverb); functions as a preposition with the genitive case.
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΣΙΟΝ, ΕΠΙΣΤΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: The word ΕΓΓΥΣ is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁en- meaning 'in' or 'on'. It has been used in Greek since ancient times to denote proximity.
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hy-DAH-tohn
Translations: of water, waters
Notes: This word is a noun referring to water. It is used in the genitive plural case, indicating possession or origin, often translated as 'of waters' or simply 'waters' when the context implies a quantity or source. It is a common term used to describe bodies of water, sources of water, or water in general.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Neuter
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: dy-NAH-meh-noos
Translations: being able, able, those who are able, (to) those who are able
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'δύναμαι' (dynamai), meaning 'to be able' or 'to have power'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective or adverb, describing someone or something that possesses the ability or power to do something. In this form, it refers to 'those who are able' or 'those who are powerful', often used in an accusative context to indicate the direct object of an action.
Inflection: Present, Middle/Passive, Accusative, Plural, Masculine
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΟΝΤΑΣ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΟΝΤΑΣ
G2947
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: koo-lee-STHAY-nye
Translations: to roll, to be rolled, to roll down, to wallow
Notes: This word is an aorist passive infinitive of the verb 'κυλίω'. It means 'to roll' or 'to be rolled', often implying a movement downwards or a circular motion. In a passive sense, it describes something being caused to roll or rolling by itself. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to wallow' in something, like mud or sin.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΕΛΙΣΣΩ, ΣΤΡΕΦΩ
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OO-dor
Translations: water, a water
Notes: This word refers to water, the essential liquid substance. It can be used to denote drinking water, a body of water like a river or sea, or even metaphorically in a spiritual sense. It is a common noun used in various contexts where water is present or implied.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for water in many other Indo-European languages.
G5100
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TI-nes
Translations: some, certain ones, who, what
Notes: This word is an indefinite pronoun meaning 'some' or 'certain ones'. It can also function as an interrogative pronoun, asking 'who?' or 'what?' in the plural. Its meaning often depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine or Feminine
Open in Concordance
Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-EIN
Translations: to enter, to go into, to come into, to go in, to come in
Notes: This word is the infinitive form of a verb meaning 'to enter' or 'to go into'. It describes the action of moving from an outside position to an inside one. It is often used to indicate movement into a place or a state.
Inflection: Aorist Infinitive, Active, All genders, All cases
Synonyms: ΕΙΣΕΡΧΕΣΘΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΕΙΝ
Etymology: The word ΕΙΣΕΙΝ is derived from the preposition ΕΙΣ (eis), meaning 'into' or 'to', combined with the verb ΙΕΝΑΙ (ienai), meaning 'to go'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G3056
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LOH-gon
Translations: word, a word, message, a message, account, an account, reason, a reason, saying, a saying
Notes: This word refers to a word, message, statement, or account. It can also denote reason, speech, or a divine utterance. In a sentence, it often functions as the direct object, indicating what is being spoken, heard, or discussed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΗΜΑ, ΕΠΟΣ, ΜΥΘΟΣ
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-koo-SAN-tais
Translations: (to) having heard, (to) having listened, (to) having obeyed
Notes: This word is an aorist active participle, meaning 'having heard' or 'having listened'. It describes an action completed in the past, with the emphasis on the completion of the action rather than its duration. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, modifying a noun or pronoun, and in this dative plural feminine form, it indicates the recipients of the action of hearing or those to whom the action of hearing applies. It can also carry the nuance of 'having obeyed' in certain contexts, as hearing often implies heeding.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Dative, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΕΙΘΟΜΕΝΑΙΣ, ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΣΑΙΣ
Etymology: The word 'ἀκούω' (akouō) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is a fundamental verb in Greek, meaning 'to hear' or 'to listen'.
G0191
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: ah-KOO-san-tes
Translations: having heard, those who heard, after hearing
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to hear'. It describes an action of hearing that has been completed, often functioning adjectivally or adverbially to modify a noun or describe the circumstances of another action. It can refer to people who have heard something, or indicate that an action occurred after the act of hearing.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΚΟΥΣΑΝΤΕΣ, ΠΡΟΣΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ
G2309
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: theh-LON-tes
Translations: wishing, wanting, willing, desiring, intending, choosing
Notes: This word is a present active participle, meaning 'wishing' or 'wanting'. It describes someone who is in the act of desiring or intending something. It can function adjectivally, modifying a noun, or adverbially, describing the manner of an action. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'the one wishing to go' or 'they went, wishing to see'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Present Active Participle
Synonyms: ΒΟΥΛΟΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΠΙΘΥΜΟΥΝΤΕΣ
G0907
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bap-tis-THEE-nai
Translations: to be baptized, to be immersed, to be washed
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'baptizo', meaning 'to immerse' or 'to dip'. In this passive form, it means 'to be immersed' or 'to be baptized'. It describes the action of undergoing baptism or being submerged, often in a religious context.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΙΖΩ, ΛΟΥΩ, ΝΙΠΤΩ
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-no-MA
Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title
Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koo-REE-oo
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΥ (Kyriou), which is the genitive form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It means 'of the Lord' or 'of Lord' and is commonly used to refer to God or Jesus in ancient Greek texts. It indicates possession or origin related to the Lord.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΥ
G1899
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EYE-tah
Translations: then, next, afterwards, thereupon
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate sequence in time or order, meaning 'then' or 'next'. It can also denote a consequence or result, meaning 'afterwards' or 'thereupon'. It is often used to introduce the next step in a series of events or a logical progression.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑΓΕ, ΕΙΤΟΥΝ
Etymology: This word is of uncertain origin, possibly related to the demonstrative pronoun 'ho' (this) or from a root meaning 'to go'.
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G2064
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EL-thay
Translations: come, go
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἔρχομαι' (erchomai), meaning 'to come' or 'to go'. It is used to describe the action of moving towards or away from a place, or to indicate the arrival or departure of someone or something. It can be used in various contexts, such as a person coming to a house, an event coming to pass, or a message coming to someone.
Inflection: Aorist, Subjunctive, Active, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΥΠΑΓΩ, ΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G2387
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: YAM-nee-an
Translations: Jamnia, Jabneh
Notes: This word appears to be a misspelling or a variant of 'ΙΑΜΝΙΑ' (Jamnia), a significant ancient city located on the Mediterranean coast of Judea. It was a prominent Jewish center after the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. The city is mentioned in historical texts, including the books of Maccabees, as a place of military activity and a center of Jewish life.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The name 'Jamnia' is of Semitic origin, likely derived from a root meaning 'right hand' or 'south'. It was an ancient Canaanite city before being settled by the Philistines and later by the Israelites.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G0053
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AG-noh-tays
Translations: purity, a purity, chastity, sincerity, a sincerity
Notes: This word refers to the state of being pure, whether physically, morally, or spiritually. It signifies freedom from defilement, corruption, or mixture. It can be used to describe a person's character, actions, or intentions, emphasizing integrity and sincerity.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΟΤΗΣ, ΑΓΝΕΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the Greek adjective 'ἁγνός' (hagnos), meaning 'pure' or 'holy'. It refers to a state of being free from defilement or moral blemish.
G225
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-lay-THEE-ahs
Translations: of truth, of reality, of verity, of sincerity
Notes: This word refers to truth, reality, or sincerity. It is used to describe something that is factual, genuine, or in accordance with reality. It can also imply faithfulness or trustworthiness. This form of the word indicates possession or origin, often translated as 'of truth' or 'belonging to truth'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ
G3340
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-no-OO-sin
Translations: they repent, they change their mind, they feel remorse
Notes: This word means to change one's mind, to feel remorse, or to repent. It implies a change of direction or purpose, often with a moral or spiritual connotation. It is used to describe the act of turning away from past actions or beliefs and adopting new ones.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΕΦΩ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΟΜΑΙ
G4198
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: por-YOO-on-tai
Translations: they go, they are going, they travel, they proceed, they depart
Notes: This word means 'to go', 'to travel', 'to proceed', or 'to depart'. It is a deponent verb, meaning it has a middle or passive grammatical form but an active meaning. It is used to describe the action of moving from one place to another, often with a sense of purpose or direction.
Inflection: Present, Indicative, Middle/Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΒΑΙΝΩ, ΑΠΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G3694
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: OH-pee-soh
Translations: behind, after, backward, back
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating position or direction. It can mean 'behind' in terms of physical location, 'after' in terms of time or sequence, or 'backward' in terms of movement. It is often used to describe following someone or something, or looking back.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ, ΚΑΤΟΠΙΣΘΕΝ
Etymology: From the root ΟΠΙΣ (opis), meaning 'back' or 'behind', which is related to the idea of seeing or looking back.
G1939
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: eh-pee-thoo-MEE-ohn
Translations: of desires, of lusts, of cravings, of longings
Notes: This word refers to strong desires, cravings, or longings, which can be either good or bad depending on the context. In a negative sense, it often denotes sinful lusts or evil desires. In a neutral or positive sense, it can refer to a strong longing or earnest desire for something. It is used here in the genitive plural, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΡΕΞΕΩΝ, ΠΑΘΩΝ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TOH
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the
Notes: ΤΩ is the dative singular form of the definite article 'the'. It indicates the indirect object of a verb or the means/instrument by which an action is performed. It can also be used to indicate location or association, often translated with prepositions like 'to', 'for', 'by', 'with', or 'in'.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-nee-RON
Translations: (of) evil, (of) wicked, (of) bad, (of) harmful, (of) malicious
Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, bad, or harmful. It can refer to moral depravity, physical harm, or general badness. As an adjective, it modifies nouns, indicating that the noun possesses these negative qualities. The form ΠΟΝΗΡΩΝ is the genitive plural, meaning 'of evil ones' or 'of wicked things/persons', depending on the gender of the noun it modifies.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΩΝ, ΦΑΥΛΩΝ, ΑΝΟΜΩΝ
G5055
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TEH-leh-sen
Translations: he finished, he completed, he accomplished, he fulfilled, he brought to an end, he paid
Notes: This is the third person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'τελέω' (teleō). It describes an action that was completed in the past. It signifies bringing something to an end, accomplishing a task, fulfilling a duty, or paying a debt. The action is viewed as a whole, without emphasis on its duration.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΣΥΝΤΕΛΕΩ, ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Article
Sounds like: TAYN
Translations: the
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.
G1834
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ex-ay-GAY-sin
Translations: explanation, interpretation, narration, exposition, a detailed account
Notes: This word refers to the act of leading out, explaining, or interpreting something, especially a detailed account or exposition. It implies a thorough and clear presentation of facts or meaning, often used in the context of expounding scripture or providing a full narrative.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΗΓΗΣΙΣ, ΕΡΜΗΝΕΙΑ, ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ἐξηγέομαι (exēgeomai), meaning 'to lead out, explain, interpret,' which is formed from ἐκ (ek, 'out of') and ἡγέομαι (hēgeomai, 'to lead, guide').
G0328
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ah-na-DEH-oo-sah-MEH-nos
Translations: having bound up, having crowned, having wreathed
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'αναδεω' (anadeo), meaning 'to bind up' or 'to crown'. It describes someone who has performed the action of binding something around themselves or someone else, often in the sense of adorning with a wreath or crown. It implies a completed action with a resulting state.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Masculine, Singular, Nominative
Synonyms: ΣΤΕΦΑΝΟΩ, ΠΕΡΙΤΙΘΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'αναδεω' (anadeo) is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ανα' (ana), meaning 'up' or 'again', and the verb 'δεω' (deo), meaning 'to bind' or 'to tie'.
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TEEN
Translations: her, it, this, that
Notes: This word is a third-person pronoun, meaning 'her' or 'it' when referring to a feminine noun. It is used in the accusative case, indicating that the feminine noun it refers to is the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition. It can also function as an intensive pronoun, meaning 'herself' or 'itself', or as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'this' or 'that'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
G1905
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-ay-roh-TAY-sah
Translations: I asked, I questioned, I inquired, I demanded
Notes: This word is the first person singular, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'eperōtaō'. It means 'I asked' or 'I questioned'. It describes a past action of asking or inquiring, often with a sense of seeking information or making a demand. It can be used in contexts where someone is seeking clarification, making a request, or challenging someone with a question.
Inflection: First Person Singular, Aorist Active Indicative
Synonyms: ΕΡΩΤΑΩ, ΑΙΤΕΩ
Etymology: The word 'eperōtaō' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'epi' (upon, to, in addition) and the verb 'erōtaō' (to ask, question). The prefix 'epi' intensifies the action of asking or directs it towards a specific person or topic.
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G0686
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: A-RA
Translations: then, therefore, consequently, so, perhaps, indeed, really, surely
Notes: This word is a particle used to introduce a question, an inference, or to emphasize a statement. It can indicate a logical consequence, meaning 'therefore' or 'so'. It can also be used in questions to imply an expectation or to express surprise, sometimes translated as 'then' or 'surely'. Its precise meaning often depends on the context and the type of sentence it appears in.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥΝ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ, ΔΗ
Etymology: This particle is of uncertain origin, possibly from a root meaning 'to fit' or 'to join'. It is a primary particle in Koine Greek.
G3956
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PAN-tes
Translations: all, every, whole
Notes: This word means 'all' or 'every'. It is used to indicate the totality or completeness of a group or quantity, often referring to 'all' members of a set or 'every' single item. It can also mean 'whole' when referring to a single entity.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: HOLOS
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thoy
Translations: stones
Notes: This word refers to stones or rocks. It is used to describe physical stones, but can also be used metaphorically, for example, to refer to precious stones or even people as 'living stones' in a spiritual sense. It is the plural form of the noun 'stone'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑΙ, ΒΡΑΧΟΙ
G0654
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Part of Speech: Verb, Adjective
Sounds like: ah-po-vev-blee-MEH-noy
Translations: cast off, thrown away, rejected, discarded, abandoned, cast aside, cast out
Notes: This word is the perfect passive participle of the verb 'ΑΠΟΒΑΛΛΩ' (apoballo), meaning 'to cast off' or 'to throw away'. As a participle, it functions like an adjective, describing something that has been cast off or rejected. It can also be used as a substantive, referring to 'those who have been cast off'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΠΟΡΡΙΠΤΩ
G719
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: har-MO-zon-tes
Translations: fitting, suitable, appropriate, those fitting, those being suitable
Notes: This word is a present active participle derived from the verb 'ἁρμόζω', meaning 'to fit together' or 'to join'. As a participle, it describes something or someone that is 'fitting', 'suitable', or 'appropriate' for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used to describe things that are well-matched or in harmony.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine, Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΕΠΟΝΤΕΣ, ΕΠΙΤΗΔΕΙΟΙ, ΚΑΤΑΛΛΗΛΟΙ
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEN
Translations: building, a building, edification, a structure, construction
Notes: This word refers to the act of building or constructing something, or to the resulting structure itself. In a metaphorical sense, it can also mean 'edification' or 'spiritual building up,' referring to the process of strengthening or improving someone's character or faith. It is often used in contexts related to the growth and development of the church or individual believers.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΙΑ
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G3341
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-TAH-noy-ah
Translations: repentance, a repentance, change of mind, conversion
Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or a conversion. It implies a fundamental shift in one's thinking, attitude, or direction, often leading to a change in behavior. It is frequently used in a religious context to denote a turning away from sin and towards God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΝΟΙΑ is a compound word derived from the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'after' or 'with', and the verb νοέω (noeo), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think'. Thus, it literally means 'to think differently afterwards' or 'a change of mind'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EKH-oo-sin
Translations: they have, they hold, they possess, they are
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to have,' 'to hold,' or 'to possess.' It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to be' or 'to be in a certain state,' often implying possession of a quality or condition. For example, it can describe someone having a disease or a particular characteristic. It is commonly used to indicate ownership or a state of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΤΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΙΜΙ
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TO-pon
Translations: place, a place, region, a region, spot, a spot, location, a location
Notes: This word refers to a specific physical location, area, or region. It can be used to denote a particular spot, a general area, or even a position or status. For example, it might be used to say 'this place' or 'in that region'.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-gon
Translations: tower, a tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, which is a tall, narrow building or structure. It can be used to describe a watchtower, a fortified structure, or any elevated building. In a sentence, it would typically function as the direct object of a verb, indicating something that is built, attacked, or observed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΤΕΙΧΟΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-ton
Translations: this, this one, him, it
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, used to point out something specific that is near in proximity, time, or thought, or something that has just been mentioned. As a pronoun, it can stand in for a noun, meaning 'this one' or 'him/it'. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, meaning 'this' (e.g., 'this house'). In this form, it is masculine singular and in the accusative case, meaning it functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΝ
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHAY-sin
Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.
G3341
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: meh-TAH-noy-ahn
Translations: repentance, a repentance, change of mind, a change of mind
Notes: This word refers to a change of mind, a turning around, or a transformation of one's inner disposition, often implying a turning away from sin. It signifies a fundamental shift in one's thinking and behavior, leading to a new direction in life.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΠΙΣΤΡΟΦΗ, ΜΕΤΑΜΕΛΕΙΑ
Etymology: From the Greek words μετά (meta), meaning 'after' or 'change,' and νοέω (noeō), meaning 'to perceive' or 'to think.' It literally means 'a change of mind' or 'a change of perception.'
G0235
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: AL-lah
Translations: but, yet, rather, on the contrary, nevertheless, however, indeed
Notes: This word is primarily a conjunction used to introduce a contrast or opposition to what has just been stated. It can often be translated as 'but' or 'yet'. It can also function as an adverb, meaning 'on the contrary' or 'indeed', emphasizing a preceding statement or introducing a strong affirmation.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΟΜΩΣ, ΠΛΗΝ
Etymology: From the neuter plural of the adjective ἄλλος (allos), meaning 'other'. It developed into a conjunction indicating distinction or opposition.
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G1410
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: doo-NAN-tai
Translations: they are able, they can, they have power, they are strong enough
Notes: This word means 'they are able' or 'they can'. It describes the capacity or power of a group of people or things to do something. It is often followed by an infinitive verb, indicating what they are able to do.
Inflection: 3rd Person, Plural, Present Tense, Indicative Mood, Middle or Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΙΣΧΥΩ, ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑΖΩ
G0719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: har-MO-sai
Translations: to fit, to join, to adapt, to suit, to arrange, to prepare, to marry
Notes: This word is an aorist active infinitive of the verb 'ἁρμόζω'. It means 'to fit together', 'to join', 'to adapt', or 'to suit'. It can also be used in the sense of 'to arrange' or 'to prepare'. In some contexts, it can even refer to 'marrying' or 'betrothing'. It describes the action of making something suitable or harmonious with something else.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΖΩ, ΠΡΟΣΑΡΜΟΖΩ, ΕΦΑΡΜΟΖΩ
Etymology: The word ἁρμόζω (harmozō) comes from ἁρμός (harmos), meaning 'a joint' or 'a fitting'. It is related to the concept of things being fitted or joined together.
G2087
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: EH-teh-roh
Translations: (to) another, (for) another, (to) a different one, (for) a different one, (to) other, (for) other, (to) a different, (for) a different
Notes: This word means 'another' or 'different', emphasizing a qualitative distinction from something else. It is used to refer to something of a different kind or nature, as opposed to 'ἄλλος' (ALLOS), which refers to another of the same kind. It can be used to describe a person, object, or concept that is distinct in character.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word ἝΤΕΡΟΣ comes from Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'one of two' or 'the other'.
G5117
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: TOH-poh
Translations: to a place, in a place, at a place, a place
Notes: This word refers to a specific location, area, or region. It is often used to indicate where an action takes place or where something is situated. In the provided examples, it is used with the preposition 'ἐν' (en), meaning 'in' or 'at', to denote a specific location.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΧΩΡΑ, ΤΟΠΟΣ, ΟΙΚΟΣ
G719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: har-MO-soo-see
Translations: they will fit, they will join, they will be suitable, they will agree
Notes: This is a verb meaning 'to fit together', 'to join', 'to be suitable', or 'to agree'. It describes something that is appropriate or harmonious in a given context. It is often used to describe how things or people come together or are in agreement.
Inflection: Future, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ, ΣΥΜΦΩΝΕΩ, ΠΡΟΣΗΚΩ
G4183
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: PO-loo
Translations: much, many, great, greatly, often, a lot
Notes: This word is commonly used to indicate a large quantity, degree, or frequency. As an adverb, it means 'much,' 'greatly,' or 'often,' modifying verbs or adjectives. As an adjective, it means 'much' (for singular nouns) or 'many' (for plural nouns), describing the quantity of something. It can also mean 'great' in terms of size or importance.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΛΑ, ΠΛΕΙΟΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'much' or 'many'. It is a very common word across various Indo-European languages.
G1640
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: eh-LAHT-toh-nee
Translations: less, smaller, inferior, fewer, a lesser, a smaller, an inferior
Notes: This word is the comparative form of 'small' or 'little', meaning 'less' or 'smaller'. It describes something that is of lesser quantity, size, or importance compared to something else. In the provided context, it likely refers to a 'lesser' or 'smaller' place. The apostrophe indicates a coronis, an elision of a vowel, but in this specific form, it's part of the standard spelling of the word's inflected form, not an elision of another word.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΜΙΚΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ, ΗΤΤΩΝ
G5124
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, these, those, he, she, it, they, such, the same, (of) this, (to) this, (of) that, (to) that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟʼ is the neuter singular form of the demonstrative pronoun/adjective ΟΥΤΟϹ (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'that'. The trailing apostrophe (coronis) indicates an elision, meaning the final vowel of the word ΤΟΥΤΟ has been dropped, likely before a word starting with a vowel. It is used to point out something specific, often referring to something previously mentioned or about to be mentioned. It can function as a pronoun (e.g., 'this one') or an adjective (e.g., 'this thing').
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Elided
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟϹ, ΟΔΕ
G0928
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: bah-sah-nee-STHOH-sin
Translations: let them be tormented, let them be tortured, let them be tested, let them be examined
Notes: This word describes the act of being subjected to torment, torture, or severe testing. It implies a process of intense suffering or scrutiny. In this form, it is a command or an exhortation for a group of people to undergo such an experience.
Inflection: Third Person Plural, Aorist, Passive, Imperative
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΖΩ, ΤΙΜΩΡΕΩ
G1603
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ek-play-roh-SOH-sain
Translations: to fulfill, to complete, to accomplish, to carry out
Notes: This word is a highly inflected form of the verb 'ekpleroo', meaning to fulfill or complete. It describes the act of bringing something to its full conclusion or execution. The specific ending '-sōsein' is unusual and suggests a potential scribal error or a very rare, perhaps non-standard, future perfect infinitive form, which is not commonly attested in Koine Greek. It would typically imply an action that will have been completed in the future.
Inflection: Future Perfect, Active, Infinitive (highly irregular or potential scribal error)
Synonyms: ΠΛΗΡΟΩ, ΤΕΛΕΩ, ΕΠΙΤΕΛΕΩ
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hay-MAI-ras
Translations: of a day, of the day, of day
Notes: This word is the genitive singular form of the noun 'ΗΜΕΡΑ' (hēmera), meaning 'day'. It is used to indicate possession or origin related to a day, often translated with 'of a day' or 'of the day'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G2250
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: HEM-eh-ras
Translations: day, a day, of day, of a day, days
Notes: The word refers to a day, a period of 24 hours, or the daylight portion of a day. It is a feminine noun and can be used in various grammatical cases to indicate different relationships in a sentence. For example, it can denote a duration of time (e.g., 'three days') or a point in time (e.g., 'on that day').
Inflection: Feminine, Genitive Singular or Accusative Plural
G266
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: hah-mar-tee-OHN
Translations: of sins, of a sin
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the noun "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" (hamartia), which means "sin" or "missing the mark." It refers to actions, thoughts, or states that fall short of God's standard or will. As a genitive plural, it indicates possession, origin, or relation, often translated as "of sins" or "concerning sins." It is frequently used in contexts discussing forgiveness, repentance, or the consequences of wrongdoing.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΝΟΜΙΑ, ΑΔΙΚΙΑ, ΠΑΡΑΠΤΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word "ΑΜΑΡΤΙΑ" is a compound word derived from the prefix "α-" (a-), meaning "not" or "without," and "μερος" (meros), meaning "part" or "share," or from "μαρτάνω" (martano), meaning "to miss the mark." It originally referred to an archer missing the target and evolved to mean a moral or spiritual failure.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G3346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-teh-THEE-son-tai
Translations: they will be transferred, they will be removed, they will be changed, they will be translated
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'μετά' (meta), meaning 'with' or 'after', and 'τίθημι' (tithemi), meaning 'to place' or 'to put'. The word means to transfer, remove, change, or translate something from one place or state to another. In this form, it indicates that a group of people or things will be moved or changed in the future, and that this action will be done to them (passive voice).
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Future, Indicative, Passive
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΦΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΜΕΤΑΤΙΘΗΜΙ is a compound of the preposition μετά (meta), meaning 'with, among, after', and the verb τίθημι (tithemi), meaning 'to put, place'. Its meaning evolved from simply moving something to changing its state or position.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G3335
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-teh-LAH-bon
Translations: they took a share of, they partook of, they shared in, they received
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'μετά' (with, among) and the verb 'λαμβάνω' (to take, to receive). It means to take a share of something, to partake in it, or to receive a portion. It implies participation or acquisition of a part of something, often used in contexts of sharing food, experiences, or divine blessings.
Inflection: Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΟΙΝΩΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΕΧΩ
G4487
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: RHE-mah-tos
Translations: of a word, of a saying, of a thing, of a matter
Notes: This word refers to a word, a saying, or a spoken utterance. It can also refer to a thing or a matter, especially something that has been spoken or declared. It is a compound word, derived from the verb 'to speak'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Neuter
Synonyms: ΛΟΓΟΥ, ΕΠΟΥΣ
Etymology: From the Greek verb ῥέω (rheō), meaning 'to speak' or 'to say'. It refers to that which is spoken or uttered.
G1342
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: dee-KAI-oo
Translations: (of) righteous, (of) a righteous one, (of) just, (of) a just one
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'righteous' or 'just'. It can also function as a noun, referring to 'a righteous person' or 'a just person'. In the provided examples, it is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or relationship, often translated with 'of'. For instance, 'between the righteous' or 'years of a righteous one'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣ, ΑΜΕΜΠΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΔΙΚΑΙΟΣ (dikaios) comes from δίκη (dikē), meaning 'justice' or 'right'. It refers to that which is in accordance with right, law, or custom.
G5119
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: TOH-teh
Translations: then, at that time, at that moment, thereupon, therefore
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'then' or 'at that time'. It is used to indicate a point in time, often referring to a past or future event that follows another. It can also be used to introduce a consequence or result, similar to 'therefore' or 'in that case'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΠΕΙΤΑ, ΕΙΤΑ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The word ΤΟΤΕ is a primary adverb, meaning it is not derived from another word in Greek. It is related to the demonstrative pronoun 'το' (this/that).
G4819
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soom-BEE-seh-tai
Translations: it will happen, it will come to pass, it will occur, it will turn out, it will result
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to happen' or 'to come to pass'. It describes an event or outcome that will occur in the future. It is often used impersonally, referring to something that will take place without a specific subject performing the action.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Future, Indicative, Middle/Passive Voice
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ, ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΠΟΒΑΙΝΩ
G3346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: meh-tah-teh-THEE-nai
Translations: to be transferred, to be removed, to be changed, to be translated, to be taken away
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'meta' (meaning change or transfer) and the verb 'tithemi' (meaning to place or put). It describes the action of being transferred, removed, or changed from one place or state to another. It can also refer to being translated, as in a person being taken from one realm to another, or a text being rendered into another language. In a broader sense, it can mean to be altered or shifted.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΜΕΤΑΒΑΙΝΩ, ΜΕΤΑΚΙΝΕΩ, ΜΕΤΑΒΑΛΛΩ
G0931
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-SAH-nohn
Translations: of torment, of torture, of trial, of examination, of the touchstone
Notes: This word refers to a test or examination, often implying a severe one, like a touchstone used to test metals. It can also refer to the pain or suffering that results from such a test, thus meaning torment or torture. In a broader sense, it can denote a trial or tribulation. It is used in the genitive case, indicating possession or origin.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΟΛΑΣΕΩΝ, ΤΙΜΩΡΙΩΝ, ΔΟΚΙΜΑΣΙΩΝ
Etymology: The word ΒΑΣΑΝΟΣ (basanos) originally referred to a Lydian stone used to test the purity of gold and silver. From this literal meaning, it developed the figurative sense of a test, examination, or severe trial, and subsequently, the suffering or torment associated with such a trial.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G2041
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ER-gah
Translations: works, deeds, actions
Notes: This word refers to actions, accomplishments, or deeds. It is the plural form of 'ἔργον' (ergon), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It is commonly used to describe the results of one's efforts or the things one does.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΡΑΞΕΙΣ, ΔΡΑΣΕΙΣ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral, Prefix
Sounds like: AL-fah (as the letter name), ah (as the sound)
Translations: Alpha, A, one, un-, a-
Notes: This is the first letter of the Greek alphabet, equivalent to the English 'A'. It can also function as the numeral '1'. Furthermore, it is commonly used as a prefix (known as the 'alpha privative') when placed before a word, indicating negation, absence, or the opposite of the word's meaning, similar to the English prefixes 'un-' or 'a-'. For example, 'atheist' (without God) comes from 'a-' (without) and 'theos' (God).
Inflection: Does not inflect as a letter or numeral. As a prefix, it modifies the meaning of the word it precedes.
Etymology: The letter 'Alpha' is derived from the Phoenician letter 'aleph', which meant 'ox'. It was adopted by the Greeks and became the first letter of their alphabet.
G0726
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: heer-PAH-san-toh
Translations: they seized for themselves, they plundered, they snatched away, they carried off, they robbed
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist middle indicative form of the verb 'ΑΡΠΑΖΩ (harpazo)'. It describes an action completed in the past, where the subjects (they) performed the action of seizing, plundering, or snatching for their own benefit or on their own behalf. It implies a forceful or violent taking.
Inflection: Aorist, Middle Voice, Indicative Mood, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΛΑΩ, ΔΙΑΡΠΑΖΩ, ΛΗΙΖΟΜΑΙ
G2038
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eer-GAH-san-toh
Translations: they worked, they did, they performed, they wrought, they accomplished, they produced, they traded
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist active indicative form of the verb 'ergazomai'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It can refer to various types of work, actions, or accomplishments, such as physical labor, performing deeds, or engaging in business or trade.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΠΟΙΕΩ, ΠΡΑΤΤΩ, ΚΑΤΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: The verb 'ergazomai' is derived from the noun 'ergon' (ἔργον), meaning 'work' or 'deed'. It signifies the act of performing or carrying out work.
G4190
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: po-NEE-rah
Translations: evil, wicked, bad, harmful, malicious, an evil thing
Notes: This word describes something or someone as evil, wicked, or harmful. It can refer to moral depravity, physical badness, or something that causes trouble or pain. As an adjective, it modifies a noun, agreeing with it in gender, number, and case. In the provided examples, it describes 'counsel' (βουλευομενος) as evil and 'things' (implied) that one should not see as evil.
Inflection: Feminine, Singular, Nominative or Vocative; or Neuter, Plural, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative
Synonyms: ΚΑΚΟΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΣ, ΑΣΕΒΗΣ
Etymology: The word 'ΠΟΝΗΡΟΣ' comes from 'πόνος' (ponos), meaning 'toil, labor, pain'. It originally referred to something that caused toil or pain, and later evolved to mean 'evil' or 'wicked' in a moral sense.
G0002
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Part of Speech: Proper Noun
Sounds like: AI-an
Translations: Aian, Ajax
Notes: This is a proper noun, referring to Ajax, a prominent hero in Greek mythology, particularly known from Homer's Iliad. He was a mighty warrior, son of Telamon, and a key figure in the Trojan War.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Masculine
Etymology: The name Aian (Ajax) is of uncertain etymology, possibly pre-Greek or related to a root meaning 'earth' or 'lament'.
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NAH-bee
Translations: he went up, he ascended, he came up, he rose, he climbed, he went
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ', meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'. It describes the action of moving upwards, whether physically climbing, rising, or coming up to a higher place or status. It can also refer to a general movement or journey.
Inflection: Aorist Indicative Active, Third Person Singular
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΕΒΗ
G4982
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: SOH-zon-tai
Translations: they are saved, they are being saved, they are delivered, they are being delivered, they are preserved, they are being preserved
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to save,' 'to deliver,' or 'to preserve.' In this form, it indicates that a group of people or things 'are being saved' or 'are saved' by someone or something else, as it is in the passive voice. It describes an ongoing or habitual state of being saved or delivered.
Inflection: Present, Passive, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΡΥΟΝΤΑΙ, ΔΙΑΣΩΖΟΝΤΑΙ, ΣΩΘΗΝΑΙ
G4641
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sklay-roh-kar-DEE-an
Translations: hardness of heart, a hardness of heart
Notes: This word refers to a state of spiritual insensitivity or obstinacy, particularly in the face of divine truth or commands. It describes a stubborn refusal to understand or respond to God's will, often implying a moral or spiritual dullness. It is typically used in the accusative case when it is the direct object of a verb, indicating the 'hardness of heart' as the thing being acted upon or described.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΚΛΗΡΟΤΗΣ, ΣΚΛΗΡΥΝΩ
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