Home / Interlinears (Beta) / Codex Sinaiticus / Shepherd of Hermas / Chapter 93Shepherd of Hermas, Chapter 93
Interlinear version from Codex Sinaiticus (Beta)
G2089
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: EH-tee
Translations: still, yet, even, besides, further, moreover, again, no longer
Notes: This word is an adverb used to indicate continuation, addition, or emphasis. It can mean 'still' or 'yet' when referring to something ongoing, 'further' or 'moreover' when adding information, or 'even' for emphasis. It can also be used with a negative to mean 'no longer' or 'not yet'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΤΙ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eti, meaning 'beyond, in addition'. It is related to the English word 'et' (and).
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: FEE-mee
Translations: say, speak, declare, affirm, assert
Notes: This verb means 'to say,' 'to speak,' or 'to declare.' It is often used to introduce direct speech or to affirm a statement. It can be used in various tenses and moods to express an action of speaking or stating something.
Inflection: Present Active Indicative, 1st Person Singular; or Present Active Infinitive
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΛΑΛΕΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: From a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak, tell, say.' It is related to Latin 'fari' (to speak) and English 'fame'.
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: KOO-ree-eh
Translations: Lord, O Lord, Master, Sir
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΕ (Kyrie), which is the vocative form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It is used as a direct address to God or Jesus, meaning 'Lord' or 'Master'. It can also be used as a respectful address to a human, similar to 'Sir'.
Inflection: Singular, Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΔΕΣΠΟΤΗΣ, ΘΕΟΣ
Etymology: From κύρω (kyro), meaning 'to have power' or 'to be master of'.
G1213
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: day-LOH-son
Translations: make clear, show, declare, reveal, explain, make known
Notes: This word means to make something clear, evident, or known. It is often used in the sense of revealing information, explaining a concept, or demonstrating something. As an imperative, it functions as a command or instruction to perform this action, such as 'make it clear!' or 'show!'
Inflection: Aorist, Imperative, Active, Second Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΦΑΝΕΡΟΩ, ΑΠΟΚΑΛΥΠΤΩ, ΓΝΩΡΙΖΩ
Etymology: From δῆλος (dēlos), meaning 'clear, evident, visible'. The verb form means to make something clear or manifest.
G5101
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Part of Speech: Pronoun, Adjective
Sounds like: TEE
Translations: what, why, what kind of, how much, something, anything, a certain thing
Notes: This word is the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun 'τίς'. It can be used to ask 'what?' or 'why?', or to refer to 'something' or 'anything' in an indefinite sense. When used as an adjective, it means 'what kind of' or 'how much'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The word 'ΤΙ' originates from Proto-Indo-European, serving as the neuter singular form of the interrogative/indefinite pronoun.
G5346
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: PHAY-sin
Translations: he says, she says, it says, he said, she said, it said
Notes: This word is a common verb meaning 'to say' or 'to speak'. It is used to report what someone else has said or to introduce a direct quote. It can be translated as 'he says', 'she says', or 'it says', and often implies 'he/she/it said' in narrative contexts.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΛΕΓΩ, ΕΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΗΜΙ (phēmi) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to speak' or 'to show'. It is related to words in other Indo-European languages that convey the idea of speaking or declaring.
G1943
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-ZAY-tay-sis
Translations: inquiry, a question, a discussion, a dispute
Notes: This word refers to an inquiry, a question, or a discussion, often implying a search for truth or understanding. It can also denote a dispute or controversy, particularly in a theological or philosophical context. It is a compound word formed from 'epi' (upon, in addition) and 'zētēsis' (a seeking, a question).
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΖΗΤΗΣΙΣ, ΔΙΑΛΟΓΙΣΜΟΣ, ΕΡΕΥΝΑ
Etymology: Derived from the verb ἐπιζητέω (epizēteō), meaning 'to seek after, to inquire into', which itself is formed from the preposition ἐπί (epi, 'upon, in addition') and the verb ζητέω (zēteō, 'to seek').
G1223, G5101
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: dee-ah-TEE
Translations: why, wherefore, on account of what
Notes: This is a compound word formed from the preposition διά (dia), meaning 'through' or 'on account of', and the interrogative pronoun τί (ti), meaning 'what'. It is used to ask for the reason or cause of something, functioning as 'why' or 'wherefore' in English. It can introduce a direct or indirect question.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΤΟΥΤΟ, ΔΙΟ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun, Interjection
Sounds like: OY
Translations: the, who, they, oh
Notes: ΟΙ is primarily the masculine plural nominative form of the definite article, meaning 'the'. It is used to specify a group of masculine nouns that are the subject of a sentence. It can also function as a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they', referring to a group of people or things previously mentioned. Less commonly, it can be an interjection, similar to 'oh' or 'alas'.
Inflection: Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, related to demonstrative pronouns and articles in other Indo-European languages.
G3037
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LI-thoy
Translations: stones
Notes: This word refers to stones or rocks. It is used to describe physical stones, but can also be used metaphorically, for example, to refer to precious stones or even people as 'living stones' in a spiritual sense. It is the plural form of the noun 'stone'.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΠΕΤΡΑΙ, ΒΡΑΧΟΙ
G1537
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EK
Translations: out of, from, of, by, among, with
Notes: This word is a preposition that typically governs the genitive case. It denotes origin, source, or separation, indicating movement 'out of' or 'from' a place, time, or cause. It can also signify the material from which something is made, the agent by whom something is done, or the reason for an action. For example, it can mean 'out of the house' or 'from that day'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΠΟ, ΠΑΡΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *eǵʰs, meaning 'out'. It is cognate with Latin ex- and English out.
G3588, G3778
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Demonstrative Pronoun, Particle
Sounds like: too
Translations: of the, of him, of it, of this, to, in order to
Notes: This word is a form of the definite article 'the' or a demonstrative pronoun 'this/that'. It is most commonly used to indicate possession or relationship, translating as 'of the' or 'of him/it'. It can also be used before an infinitive verb to express purpose, meaning 'to' or 'in order to'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine or Neuter
Etymology: The word 'Ο' (ho), from which 'ΤΟΥ' is derived, comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient word that has evolved to serve various grammatical functions in Greek.
G0103
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: by-THOO
Translations: of depth, of the deep, of the abyss, of the sea
Notes: This word refers to a great depth, the deep sea, or the abyss. It is often used to describe the bottom of the sea or a profound, immeasurable depth. In a figurative sense, it can refer to a state of profound difficulty or despair. As a genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΒΥΣΣΟΣ, ΒΑΘΟΣ, ΠΕΛΑΓΟΣ
G0305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-NEH-bee-sahn
Translations: they went up, they ascended, they climbed
Notes: This word is the third person plural, aorist indicative form of the verb 'ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ', meaning 'to go up', 'to ascend', or 'to climb'. It describes an action of moving upwards, often in the context of physical elevation, such as going up a mountain, a building, or to a city like Jerusalem, which was considered geographically higher. It can also be used metaphorically for rising in status or appearing.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ, ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G2532
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: kahee
Translations: and, also, even, but, then
Notes: ΚΑΙ is a very common conjunction in Koine Greek, primarily meaning 'and' to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It can also function as an adverb, emphasizing a word or phrase with meanings like 'also' or 'even'. In some contexts, it can introduce a contrast, similar to 'but', or indicate sequence, meaning 'then'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΚΑΙ is an ancient particle, tracing its origins back to Proto-Indo-European. It has remained remarkably stable in form and function throughout the history of the Greek language.
G1519, G1520
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Numeral
Sounds like: EES
Translations: into, to, for, toward, among, in, a, an, one
Notes: As a preposition, ΕΙΣ (eis) indicates motion or direction towards a place, person, or purpose, often translated as 'into,' 'to,' or 'for.' It always takes the accusative case. For example, 'into the house' or 'to God.' It can also be used to express purpose or result. As a numeral, ΕΙΣ (heis) means 'one' and is the masculine nominative singular form, often translated as 'a,' 'an,' or 'one.'
Inflection: Preposition: Does not inflect. Numeral: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (other forms exist for other genders and cases).
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΕΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en-s, an extended form of the preposition *en (in).
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TANE
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is feminine in gender, singular in number, and in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions. For example, it would be used before a feminine singular noun like 'πόλιν' (city) when 'city' is the direct object.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Koine Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It evolved from an earlier demonstrative particle, becoming a grammatical marker for definiteness.
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEE
Translations: building, edification, a building, an edification
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΝ (oikodomēn) or ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗ (oikodomē). It refers to the act of building, construction, or the structure itself. Metaphorically, it signifies spiritual building up, edification, or moral improvement. It is often used in the context of strengthening or instructing believers in their faith.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative or Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΑΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΗΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the Greek words οἶκος (oikos, meaning 'house') and δόμος (domos, meaning 'building' or 'structure'), combined with the suffix -μη indicating an action or result. It literally means 'house-building'.
G5087
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-TETH-eh-san
Translations: they were placed, they were laid, they were set, they were put
Notes: This is a verb in the aorist passive indicative mood, 3rd person plural. It describes an action that happened in the past, where the subjects were acted upon (they were placed/laid/set/put). It is often used to describe the placement of objects, people, or even laws and regulations.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΙΣΤΗΜΙ
G4444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PYR-goo
Translations: of a tower, of the tower, a tower, the tower
Notes: This word refers to a tower, a fortified structure, or a bastion. It is used to describe a tall, strong building, often part of a city wall or a fortress, providing defense or observation. It can also refer to a watchtower or a stronghold.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΙΧΟΣ, ΦΡΟΥΡΙΟΝ, ΑΚΡΟΠΟΛΙΣ
G5342
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: peh-foh-reh-KO-tes
Translations: having carried, having borne, having brought, those who have carried, those who have borne, those who have brought
Notes: This word is the perfect active participle of the verb φέρω (phero), meaning 'to carry,' 'to bear,' or 'to bring.' As a perfect participle, it describes an action that has been completed in the past but has ongoing results or relevance in the present. It functions like an adjective or a noun, describing someone or something that has performed the action of carrying, bearing, or bringing.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Masculine or Feminine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ, ΚΟΜΙΣΑΝΤΕΣ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TAH
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΑ is the neuter plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, indicating that a noun is definite or previously mentioned. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it modifies, and in this form, it can be used for both nominative (subject) and accusative (direct object) cases.
Inflection: Neuter, Plural, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into a definite article in Greek.
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah
Translations: Spirit, a spirit, wind, breath
Notes: This word is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (pneuma). It refers to spirit, breath, or wind. In theological contexts, it often refers to the Holy Spirit. It can also denote a human spirit, a demonic spirit, or simply the physical breath or a gust of wind. It is used to describe an invisible, powerful force or essence.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΣ, ΠΝΟΗ
Etymology: From the Greek word πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'.
G4151
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PNEV-mah-tah
Translations: spirits, a spirit, winds, a wind, breaths, a breath
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΑ (pneumata), the plural form of ΠΝΕΥΜΑ (pneuma). It refers to spirits, whether divine, human, or demonic, or to winds or breaths. In the provided examples, it is used to refer to prophetic spirits, demonic spirits, and spirits that are subject to believers.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΜΟΙ, ΨΥΧΑΙ
Etymology: From the Greek verb πνέω (pneō), meaning 'to breathe, to blow'. It refers to that which is breathed or blown.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOW-tah
Translations: these, these things
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective, meaning 'these' or 'these things'. It refers to something previously mentioned or understood from the context, pointing it out specifically. As a pronoun, it stands in place of a noun, while as an adjective, it modifies a noun.
Inflection: Plural, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G0318
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-nahg-KAYN
Translations: necessity, a necessity, compulsion, a compulsion, distress, a distress, need, a need
Notes: This word refers to a state of necessity, compulsion, or distress. It can describe an unavoidable obligation, a pressing need, or a difficult situation that forces a certain course of action. It is often used to denote a situation where one is under duress or has no other option.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΧΡΕΙΑ, ΒΙΑ, ΑΝΑΓΚΑΙΟΝ
Etymology: The word ΑΝΑΓΚΗ (anankē) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to be related to the verb ἀνάγω (anagō), meaning 'to lead up' or 'to bring back', possibly implying something that brings one back to a necessary state or condition.
G1487, G1488
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Verb
Sounds like: AY
Translations: if, whether, that, if indeed, if then, you are, be
Notes: This word has two primary uses in Koine Greek. Most commonly, it functions as a conditional particle meaning 'if', introducing a condition or a question. It can also be the second person singular present indicative active form of the verb 'to be', meaning 'you are' or 'be'. The context of the sentence determines which meaning is intended.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a conjunction); Second Person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active (as a verb)
Synonyms: ΕΑΝ, ΕΙΠΕΡ, ΕΣΤΙΝ
Etymology: The conjunction 'εἰ' comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'if' or 'whether'. The verb form 'εἰ' comes from the Proto-Indo-European root for 'to be'.
G0932
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: bah-see-LEE-ahn
Translations: kingdom, a kingdom, kingship, royal power, reign
Notes: This word refers to a kingdom, a realm, or the abstract concept of kingship or royal power. It can also denote the act of reigning or the period of a reign. As an accusative singular, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΣ, ΒΑΣΙΛΕΥΩ
G2962
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: koo-REE-oo
Translations: of Lord, of the Lord
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a scribal abbreviation for ΚΥΡΙΟΥ (Kyriou), which is the genitive form of ΚΥΡΙΟΣ (Kyrios). It means 'of the Lord' or 'of Lord' and is commonly used to refer to God or Jesus in ancient Greek texts. It indicates possession or origin related to the Lord.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΘΕΟΥ
G1437
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: eh-AHN
Translations: if, when, whenever, although
Notes: This word is a conditional conjunction used to introduce a protasis (the 'if' clause) in a conditional sentence. It often implies a condition that is possible or expected to occur, or a general truth. It can also be used to mean 'when' or 'whenever' in a general sense, or even 'although' in some contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΙ
Etymology: From the conjunction εἰ (ei, 'if') and the particle ἄν (an), which indicates potentiality or contingency. It combines these elements to form a conditional conjunction.
G3361
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Part of Speech: Particle, Adverb
Sounds like: MAY
Translations: not, lest, no, do not
Notes: ΜΗ is a negative particle used in Koine Greek to express a subjective negation. It is typically used with non-indicative moods (like the subjunctive, imperative, infinitive, or participle) to express prohibition, a condition, or a denial of something that is wished for or imagined. For example, it is used in commands like 'do not do this' or in clauses expressing fear or purpose, such as 'lest something happen'. It contrasts with 'οὐ' (ou), which negates objective facts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The word ΜΗ comes from Proto-Indo-European. It is an ancient negative particle that has been present in various forms across Indo-European languages.
G3499
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: nek-ROH-sin
Translations: death, deadness, a deadening, a putting to death
Notes: This word refers to the state of being dead, or the process of dying or being put to death. It can also describe a state of spiritual deadness or the act of mortifying something, meaning to make it dead or inactive. It is used to describe both physical death and a metaphorical 'deadening' of something, such as the body or a part of it, or even sinful desires.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ, ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΕΙΝ
G659
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-poh-teh-thi-KEE-sah
Translations: laid aside, put away, stored up, reserved
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, indicating an action that has been completed and whose result is ongoing. It describes something that has been laid aside, put away, or stored up. It implies a state of being reserved or set apart, often for a future purpose or for safekeeping.
Inflection: Singular, Feminine, Nominative or Vocative or Accusative, Perfect Passive Participle
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΚΕΙΜΑΙ, ΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: THAYS
Translations: of the
Notes: ΤΗΣ is the genitive, singular, feminine form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship for feminine singular nouns. For example, 'the house of the woman' would use ΤΗΣ for 'of the woman'. It functions similarly to 'of the' in English.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article 'Ο' (of which ΤΗΣ is an inflection) derives from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun root. It evolved to function as a definite article in ancient Greek, marking nouns as specific or previously mentioned.
G4413
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: PRO-tays
Translations: of first, of the first, first
Notes: This word is an adjective meaning 'first' in order, rank, or importance. It is used to describe something that comes before all others. For example, it can refer to the first day, the first group, or the most important person.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΡΧΑΙΟΣ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΣ
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ZOH-ays
Translations: (of) life, (of) a life
Notes: Ζωῆς (zōēs) is the genitive singular form of the noun ζωή (zōē), which means 'life'. This form is used to indicate possession, origin, or relationship, often translated as 'of life' or 'belonging to life'. It can refer to physical life, spiritual life, or a way of living. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'the word of life' or 'the tree of life'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Feminine
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TON
Translations: of them, their, their own
Notes: This word is a personal pronoun in the genitive plural. It can be translated as 'of them' or 'their', indicating possession or origin. It is often used reflexively, meaning 'their own' or 'of themselves', referring back to the subject of the sentence.
Inflection: Genitive, Plural, All genders
Synonyms: ΣΦΩΝ, ΕΑΥΤΩΝ
G2983
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-lah-bon
Translations: I took, I received, they took, they received
Notes: This word is a past tense form of the verb 'λαμβάνω' (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to receive'. It describes an action that was completed in the past. It can refer to a single person taking or receiving something, or to a group of people doing so.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular or 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΟΜΙΖΩ
G3756, G3757
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Relative Adverb, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OO
Translations: not, no, where, of whom, of which, when
Notes: This word, written without diacritics, can represent at least two distinct Koine Greek words. It most commonly functions as a negative particle (οὐ), meaning 'not' or 'no', used to express a direct and objective negation. It can also function as a relative adverb (οὗ), meaning 'where' or 'when', indicating place or time, or as a relative genitive pronoun, meaning 'of whom' or 'of which'. The precise meaning depends on the context and the original diacritics.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a particle/adverb); Genitive, Singular, Masculine or Neuter (as a relative pronoun)
Synonyms: ΜΗ, ΟΠΟΥ
Etymology: The negative particle οὐ (ou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *ne, meaning 'not'. The relative adverb/pronoun οὗ (hou) comes from Proto-Indo-European *kʷo-, a pronominal stem.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OO-toy
Translations: these, they
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun, meaning 'these' or 'they'. It is used to point out or refer to specific people or things that are nearby or have just been mentioned. It functions similarly to 'these ones' or 'these people' in English.
Inflection: Nominative, Masculine, Plural
G2837
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: keh-koy-MEE-meh-noy
Translations: those who have fallen asleep, the ones who are asleep, the dead
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle derived from the verb 'κοιμάω' (koimaō), meaning 'to put to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. In Koine Greek, especially in religious texts, 'to fall asleep' is a common euphemism for 'to die'. Therefore, 'κεκοιμημένοι' refers to those who have died, often implying a peaceful or temporary state, awaiting resurrection.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
G4973
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sfra-GHEE-da
Translations: seal, a seal, signet, a signet, mark, a mark
Notes: This word refers to a seal or signet, often used for authentication, ownership, or security. It could be an impression made by a signet ring, a mark of ownership, or a symbol of authority. It is used to denote something that is closed, secured, or confirmed.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΧΑΡΑΓΜΑ
G4973
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sfra-GHEE-da
Translations: seal, a seal, signet, a signet, mark, a mark
Notes: This word refers to a seal or signet, often used to authenticate documents, mark ownership, or secure something. It could be an impression made by a signet ring or a device used to make such an impression. In a broader sense, it can signify a mark or a token of authenticity or possession.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΤΥΠΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΦΡΑΓΙΣ (sphragis) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek or from an unknown root.
G5207
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ee-OO
Translations: of a son, of son, of the son
Notes: This word refers to a male offspring or descendant. It is commonly used to denote a son, but can also refer to a male child in general, or even a descendant in a broader sense, such as 'sons of Israel' meaning the people of Israel. In this genitive form, it indicates possession or origin, often translated with 'of'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΤΕΚΝΟΝ, ΠΑΙΣ
G2316
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: theh-OO
Translations: of God, of a God
Notes: This is a nomina sacra, a sacred abbreviation for the word ΘΕΟΥ (Theou), meaning 'of God'. It is used to refer to the divine being, God, in the genitive case. In ancient Greek texts, nomina sacra were common contractions for frequently used sacred names and titles, indicating reverence and saving space. This form would typically be used in phrases like 'the house of God' or 'the power of God'.
Inflection: Singular, Genitive, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΥΡΙΟΥ, ΔΕΣΠΟΤΟΥ
Etymology: The word ΘΕΟΣ (Theos) is of uncertain origin, but it is thought to derive from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to do, to place, to set', or possibly 'to shine'. It is a fundamental term in Greek for a deity or god.
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eis-EEL-thon
Translations: I entered, they entered, I came in, they came in, I went in, they went in
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative form of the verb 'εἰσέρχομαι' (eiserchomai), meaning 'to enter' or 'to come/go in'. It describes an action of entering that occurred in the past, without specifying its duration. It is often used to describe physical entry into a place, but can also refer to entering into a state or condition.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, First Person Singular or Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΙΣΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G4250
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PREEN
Translations: before, sooner, until, ere
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'before' or 'sooner'. It is used to indicate a point in time prior to another event or action. It can also function as a conjunction meaning 'before' or 'until', often followed by a genitive or an infinitive.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΠΡΟ, ΠΡΟΤΕΡΟΝ
Etymology: The word 'πρίν' (prin) is derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *per-, meaning 'forward' or 'through'. It is related to other Greek words indicating priority or anteriority.
G1063
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Part of Speech: Particle
Sounds like: gar
Translations: for, because, indeed, then, therefore
Notes: This word is a postpositive particle, meaning it typically appears second in a clause. It introduces a reason, explanation, or confirmation for what has just been stated. It can also indicate a logical consequence or a transition in thought, often translated as 'for' or 'because'. In some contexts, it can simply add emphasis or affirm a statement.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΟΥΝ
Etymology: The particle ΓΑΡ is believed to be a contraction of the particles γε (ge) meaning 'indeed' or 'at least' and ἄρα (ara) meaning 'then' or 'therefore'. It has been in use since ancient Greek.
G5409
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: foh-REH-seh
Translations: he wore, he put on, he carried, he bore
Notes: This word is the aorist active indicative, third person singular form of the verb 'phoreo'. It describes an action of wearing, putting on, carrying, or bearing something that happened in the past. It implies a completed action of taking something onto oneself or carrying it.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, Third Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΝΔΥΩ, ΠΕΡΙΒΑΛΛΩ
G5409
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: fo-REH-sai
Translations: to wear, to carry, to bear, to put on
Notes: This word is the aorist active infinitive form of the verb 'phoreō'. It means 'to wear', 'to carry', or 'to bear'. As an infinitive, it functions like a verbal noun, often used to complete the meaning of another verb or as the subject or object of a sentence. For example, it could be used in a phrase like 'they desired to wear' or 'it is good to carry'.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΒΑΣΤΑΖΩ, ΑΙΡΩ
Etymology: The word ΦΟΡΕΩ (phoreō) is derived from the root φέρω (pherō), meaning 'to bear' or 'to carry'. It implies a continuous or habitual action of bearing or carrying.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: TON
Translations: the
Notes: This word is the masculine singular accusative form of the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a particular masculine noun that is the direct object of a verb or preposition. For example, it would be used in phrases like 'he saw the man' or 'towards the God'.
Inflection: Masculine, Singular, Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed to function as a marker of definiteness in Greek.
G0444
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: AN-thro-pon
Translations: man, a man, human being, a human being, person, a person
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ἌΝΘΡΩΠΟΝ (anthrōpon), which is the accusative singular form of ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos). It refers to a human being, a man, or a person in general. It is used to denote mankind collectively or an individual human. In the accusative case, it typically functions as the direct object of a verb or the object of certain prepositions.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΒΡΟΤΟΣ, ΑΝΗΡ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toh
Translations: the
Notes: ΤΟ is the neuter singular form of the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek. It is used to specify a noun, much like 'the' in English. It can function as both the subject (nominative case) or the direct object (accusative case) of a sentence when referring to a neuter singular noun.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Etymology: The Greek definite article, including ΤΟ, derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. Its forms developed to agree in gender, number, and case with the nouns they modify.
G3686
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: O-no-MA
Translations: name, a name, reputation, character, authority, title
Notes: This word refers to a name, whether of a person, place, or thing. It can also signify one's reputation, character, or authority, as a name often represents the essence of a person or entity. It is commonly used in phrases like 'in the name of' to denote authority or representation.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Neuter
Synonyms: ΚΛΕΟΣ, ΦΗΜΗ, ΔΟΞΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'name'. It is cognate with Latin 'nomen' and English 'name'.
G3498
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NEK-ros
Translations: dead, a dead person, a corpse
Notes: This word refers to something that is dead, lifeless, or deceased. As an adjective, it describes a state of being without life. As a noun, it refers to a dead body or a deceased individual. In Koine Greek, it can be used literally for physical death or metaphorically for spiritual death or insensitivity.
Inflection: Masculine, Feminine, Neuter; Singular, Plural; All cases
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΗΚΩΣ, ΑΨΥΧΟΣ, ΠΤΩΜΑ
Etymology: The word ΝΕΚΡΟΣ comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *neḱ- 'to perish, disappear'. It is related to words meaning 'death' or 'corpse' in various Indo-European languages.
G2076
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ES-tin
Translations: is, he is, she is, it is, there is, exists
Notes: This word is a form of the verb 'to be' in Koine Greek. It indicates existence, identity, or a state of being. It is commonly used to link a subject to a predicate, describing what the subject is or what state it is in. For example, it can mean 'he is' or 'it is', depending on the context.
Inflection: Third person, Singular, Present, Indicative, Active
Synonyms: ΥΠΑΡΧΩ, ΓΙΝΟΜΑΙ
G3752
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OH-tan
Translations: when, whenever, as often as, at the time that
Notes: This word is a conjunction or adverb used to introduce a temporal clause, indicating a point in time or a condition. It means 'when' or 'whenever,' suggesting that something happens at a specific moment or repeatedly under certain circumstances. It is often followed by the subjunctive mood in Koine Greek.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΤΕ, ΗΝΙΚΑ
Etymology: From the conjunction ὅτε (hote, 'when') and the particle ἄν (an, indicating potential or contingency).
G1161
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction
Sounds like: DEH
Translations: but, and, now, then, moreover, however
Notes: ΔΕ is a common Koine Greek particle or conjunction used to connect clauses or sentences. It often indicates a transition, a contrast, or a continuation of thought. It can be translated in various ways depending on the context, such as 'but' when indicating opposition, 'and' when simply continuing a narrative, or 'now'/'then' when marking a new point or development.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΚΑΙ, ΑΛΛΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'and' or 'but'. It is an ancient particle used to connect ideas or introduce new information.
G2983
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: LAH-bay
Translations: handle, a handle, hold, a hold, opportunity, an opportunity, occasion, an occasion
Notes: This word refers to a handle or anything that can be grasped. Metaphorically, it can mean an 'occasion' or 'opportunity' to do something, especially to find fault or take advantage of a situation. It implies having a 'hold' or 'grip' on something or someone.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΑΦΟΡΜΗ, ΠΡΟΦΑΣΙΣ
Etymology: From the verb λαμβάνω (lambanō), meaning 'to take' or 'to grasp'. It refers to that by which something is taken or held.
G4973
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sfra-GHEE-dan
Translations: seal, a seal, signet, a signet, mark, a mark
Notes: This word refers to a seal, which was an instrument used to make an impression, often on wax or clay, to authenticate documents, secure property, or signify ownership. It could also refer to the impression itself, serving as a mark or sign. In a broader sense, it can denote a sign or token of authenticity or ownership.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΤΥΠΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΣΦΡΑΓΙΣ (sphragis) is of uncertain origin, possibly pre-Greek. It is related to the verb σφραγίζω (sphragizo), meaning 'to seal'.
G0659
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-po-TEE-theh-teh
Translations: you lay aside, you put away, you take off, you cast off, you renounce, you put off
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from 'ἀπό' (away from) and 'τίθημι' (to put, place). It means to lay aside, put away, or take off something, often implying a separation or removal. It can be used literally, such as taking off clothing, or figuratively, such as renouncing a way of life or casting off sin. In this form, it is an imperative, commanding a group of people to perform the action.
Inflection: Present, Active, Imperative, Second Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΚΒΑΛΛΩ, ΑΦΑΙΡΕΩ, ΑΠΟΤΙΘΕΜΑΙ
Etymology: The word 'ἀποτίθημι' is derived from the preposition 'ἀπό' (apo), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and the verb 'τίθημι' (tithēmi), meaning 'to put' or 'to place'.
G353
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-lam-BAH-nee
Translations: to take up, to take along, to receive, to assume, to lift up, to take
Notes: This word is an infinitive form of the verb 'ΑΝΑΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ', meaning 'to take up' or 'to receive'. It is a compound word formed from 'ΑΝΑ' (up, again) and 'ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ' (to take, to receive). It describes the action of lifting something or someone, or taking something with oneself, often implying an upward movement or an act of reception.
Inflection: Present, Active, Infinitive
Synonyms: ΑΙΡΩ, ΛΑΜΒΑΝΩ, ΔΕΧΟΜΑΙ
G2222
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ZOH-ayn
Translations: life, a life
Notes: This word refers to life, existence, or vitality. It is a feminine noun and is often used to describe physical life, but can also refer to spiritual or eternal life depending on the context. It is used in sentences to denote the state of being alive or the duration of one's existence.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΒΙΟΣ
Etymology: From a primary root meaning 'to live'. It is related to the verb ζάω (zaō), meaning 'to live'.
G3588, G3739, G2228
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Relative Pronoun, Conjunction, Interjection
Sounds like: AY
Translations: the, who, which, or, oh, ah
Notes: This word is most commonly used as the definite article 'the' in Koine Greek, specifically as the feminine nominative singular form (e.g., 'the cry') or the neuter nominative/accusative plural form. It can also function as a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which' (feminine nominative singular). Additionally, it can be a conjunction meaning 'or' or an interjection expressing surprise or emotion, similar to 'oh' or 'ah'. Its meaning is highly dependent on context.
Inflection: Feminine, Nominative, Singular (Definite Article or Relative Pronoun); Neuter, Nominative or Accusative, Plural (Definite Article); Does not inflect (Conjunction or Interjection)
Etymology: The Greek definite article and related forms derive from a Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronoun. The conjunction and interjection forms have separate, though related, origins within Proto-Indo-European.
G4973
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: sfra-GEES
Translations: seal, a seal, signet, a signet
Notes: This word refers to a seal, which is an instrument used for making an impression, or the impression itself. It was commonly used for authentication, to secure documents or property, or as a mark of ownership or authority. It could also signify a mark or token of something, like a spiritual seal.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΣΗΜΕΙΟΝ, ΤΥΠΟΣ
Etymology: From an uncertain root, possibly related to a verb meaning 'to fence in' or 'to enclose'. It refers to an instrument for sealing or the impression made by it.
G3767
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Part of Speech: Particle, Conjunction, Adverb
Sounds like: OON
Translations: therefore, then, accordingly, consequently, so, now, indeed
Notes: This word is a particle used to indicate a logical consequence, transition, or continuation. It often introduces a conclusion or a statement that follows from what has just been said. It can also be used to resume a narrative or to emphasize a point, sometimes translated as 'now' or 'indeed' in such contexts.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΡΑ, ΔΕ, ΤΟΙΓΑΡΟΥΝ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₂u, a particle indicating 'away from'. In Greek, it developed into a particle of inference or transition.
G5204
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: OO-dor
Translations: water, a water
Notes: This word refers to water, the essential liquid substance. It can be used to denote drinking water, a body of water like a river or sea, or even metaphorically in a spiritual sense. It is a common noun used in various contexts where water is present or implied.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Accusative, Neuter
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to words for water in many other Indo-European languages.
G2597
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-tah-beh-NOO-sin
Translations: they go down, they come down, they descend
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the preposition κατά (kata, meaning 'down') and the verb βαίνω (bainō, meaning 'to go' or 'to step'). It means to go down, come down, or descend. It is used to describe movement from a higher place to a lower one, whether literally or figuratively. For example, one might 'go down' a mountain or 'come down' from a house.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Present Tense, Active Voice, Indicative Mood
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΚΑΤΕΒΗΝ
Etymology: The word καταβαίνω (katabainō) is a compound of the preposition κατά (kata), meaning 'down' or 'against', and the verb βαίνω (bainō), meaning 'to go' or 'to step'. The root βαίνω comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to step' or 'to walk'.
G3498
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Part of Speech: Adjective, Noun
Sounds like: NEK-roy
Translations: dead, the dead, dead ones
Notes: This word refers to something that is dead, lifeless, or deceased. It can be used as an adjective to describe a dead person or thing, or it can function as a noun to refer to dead people collectively, such as 'the dead'. It is often used in a literal sense concerning physical death, but can also be used metaphorically to describe spiritual deadness or a state of being unresponsive.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ, ΤΕΘΝΗΚΟΤΕΣ
G305
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ah-nah-beh-NOO-sin
Translations: they go up, they ascend, they come up, they embark, they mount, they rise, they climb
Notes: This word is the third person plural present active indicative form of the verb 'anabainō'. It describes the action of multiple subjects going up, ascending, or rising. It can be used in various contexts, such as people going up a mountain, ascending to a city, embarking on a ship, or rising from the dead.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΑΝΙΣΤΗΜΙ
Etymology: The word 'anabainō' is a compound verb formed from the preposition 'ana' (meaning 'up' or 'upon') and the verb 'bainō' (meaning 'to go' or 'to step').
G2198
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: ZOHN-tes
Translations: living, the living, those who live, those who are alive
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to live'. It describes individuals or entities that are currently alive or in a state of living. It functions like an adjective or a noun, referring to 'the living ones' or 'those who are living'.
Inflection: Present Active Participle, Nominative or Accusative, Plural, Masculine or Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΜΨΥΧΟΙ, ΕΝΕΡΓΟΙ
Etymology: The word ΖΑΩ (zaō) comes from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to live'. It is related to other Greek words concerning life and vitality.
G2556
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: kah-KEE-noys
Translations: to/for evil ones, to/for wicked ones, to/for harmful things
Notes: This word is the dative plural form of the adjective 'kakos', meaning 'bad', 'evil', or 'harmful'. It describes a quality or state of being morally corrupt, wicked, or causing harm. In its dative plural form, it indicates the recipients or beneficiaries of an action, or the means by which something is done, referring to multiple 'evil' or 'bad' individuals or things.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΠΟΝΗΡΟΙΣ, ΦΑΥΛΟΙΣ
G2784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-kay-ROOKH-thay
Translations: was proclaimed, was preached, was announced, was heralded
Notes: This word is the third person singular aorist passive indicative form of the verb 'κηρύσσω' (kēryssō), meaning 'to proclaim' or 'to preach'. It describes an action that was completed in the past, where the subject received the action of being proclaimed or announced. For example, 'the message was proclaimed' or 'he was preached'.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person, Singular
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: OW-tay
Translations: she, her, it, this, that, the same
Notes: This word is a pronoun, specifically the feminine nominative singular form of 'ΑΥΤΟΣ'. It can function as a personal pronoun meaning 'she', 'her', or 'it', or as a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. When used intensively, it can mean 'the same' or 'herself'. It agrees in gender, number, and case with the noun it refers to.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΗ
G5530
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ekh-RAY-sa-toh
Translations: he used, she used, it used, he made use of, she made use of, it made use of, he dealt with, she dealt with, it dealt with
Notes: This word is the third person singular, aorist indicative middle voice of the verb 'χράομαι' (chraomai). It describes an action completed in the past, where the subject performed the action for their own benefit or on themselves. It generally means 'to use,' 'to make use of,' or 'to deal with' something or someone.
Inflection: Third Person, Singular, Aorist, Indicative, Middle Voice
Synonyms: ΧΡΩΜΑΙ, ΚΕΧΡΗΜΑΙ
G2443
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Part of Speech: Conjunction
Sounds like: EE-nah
Translations: in order that, that, so that, to
Notes: This word is a conjunction used to introduce a clause expressing purpose, result, or content. It often translates to 'in order that' or simply 'that' when indicating the aim or outcome of an action. It can also be used to express a command or exhortation, especially when followed by the subjunctive mood.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΠΩΣ, ΩΣΤΕ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en- (in). It is related to the preposition 'in' and developed into a conjunction expressing purpose or result.
G1525
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ice-EL-thoh-sin
Translations: they may enter, they might enter, they should enter, they would enter, they may come in, they might come in, they should come in, they would come in
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to go into' or 'to come into'. It describes the action of entering a place or coming into a state or condition. It is often used in a figurative sense as well, such as entering into life or a kingdom.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Subjunctive, Active
Synonyms: ΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΕΜΒΑΙΝΩ, ΕΠΙΒΑΙΝΩ
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: MOO
Translations: Mu, 40, 1000
Notes: This is the twelfth letter of the Greek alphabet, corresponding to the English 'M'. In the Greek numeral system, when marked with an upper keraia (Μ'), it represents the number 40. When marked with a lower keraia (͵Μ), it represents the number 1000. It is also used as an abbreviation for various words starting with Mu.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The letter Mu is derived from the Phoenician letter Mem. It is the twelfth letter of the Greek alphabet.
G3326
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: MEH-tah
Translations: with, after, among, behind, by, in company with, in pursuit of, according to
Notes: This word is a preposition that can also function as an adverb. Its meaning varies depending on the case of the noun it governs. When used with the genitive case, it typically means 'with' or 'in company with'. When used with the accusative case, it usually means 'after' or 'behind' (indicating sequence or pursuit). It can also denote a change of state or position.
Inflection: Does not inflect (as a preposition, it governs cases)
Synonyms: ΣΥΝ, ΕΠΙ, ΠΡΟΣ
Etymology: The word 'μετά' (meta) comes from Proto-Indo-European *met- 'in the middle, among, with'. It is related to English 'mid' and 'middle'.
G2235
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: AY-day
Translations: already, now, by this time, forthwith
Notes: This word is an adverb that indicates something has happened or is happening at the present moment, or has already occurred. It emphasizes the immediacy or completion of an action or state. It can be used to mean 'already' in the sense of something having taken place before the expected time, or 'now' in the sense of 'at this very moment'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΝΥΝ, ΑΡΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *seh₂-d- (meaning 'already, now'). It is related to words meaning 'at that time' or 'then'.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ess-KAY-koh-tess
Translations: having, having had, those who have, those who have had
Notes: This word is a perfect active participle, masculine plural, nominative case, derived from the verb 'ἔχω' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes a state of having or possessing something that has been acquired or experienced in the past and continues to be relevant in the present. It functions like an adjective, modifying a plural masculine noun, or can stand on its own as 'those who have' or 'those who have had'.
Inflection: Perfect, Active, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Nominative
Synonyms: ΚΕΚΤΗΜΕΝΟΙ, ΕΧΟΝΤΕΣ
G1909
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Part of Speech: Preposition, Adverb
Sounds like: EP-ee
Translations: on, upon, over, to, against, at, in, by, for, concerning, during, after, of, a
Notes: This word is a very common preposition and adverb in Koine Greek. As a preposition, its meaning changes significantly depending on the case of the noun it governs. With the genitive case, it often means 'on,' 'upon,' 'over,' 'in the time of,' or 'concerning.' With the dative case, it can mean 'on,' 'at,' 'by,' 'for,' or 'in addition to.' With the accusative case, it typically means 'to,' 'against,' 'upon,' 'over,' or 'for the purpose of.' It is also frequently used as a prefix in compound words, adding a sense of 'upon,' 'over,' 'to,' or 'in addition.'
Inflection: Governs Genitive, Dative, and Accusative cases. Does not inflect itself.
Synonyms: ΠΡΟΣ, ΥΠΕΡ, ΚΑΤΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *opi, meaning 'on, near, against'. It is cognate with Latin ob and Sanskrit api.
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Part of Speech: Letter, Numeral
Sounds like: EE-oh-tah
Translations: Iota, 10
Notes: This is the ninth letter of the Greek alphabet, Iota. It represents the sound 'i' as in 'machine'. In the Greek numeral system, it also represents the number 10. It is used as a vowel.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Phoenician yōd, meaning 'arm' or 'hand'.
G3754
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Relative Pronoun
Sounds like: OH-tee
Translations: that, because, for, since, how, what, which
Notes: ΟΤΙ is a versatile word in Koine Greek, primarily functioning as a conjunction meaning 'that', 'because', 'for', or 'since'. It can introduce a clause explaining a reason or consequence, or it can introduce direct speech, similar to how quotation marks function in English. It can also act as a relative pronoun meaning 'what' or 'which'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΔΙΟΤΙ, ΕΠΕΙ, ΓΑΡ
Etymology: The word ΟΤΙ is derived from the neuter accusative singular of the relative pronoun ὅστις (hostis), meaning 'whoever, whatever'. Over time, it evolved to function primarily as a conjunction.
G0652
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ah-po-STO-loy
Translations: apostles, messengers, envoys
Notes: This word refers to someone who is sent out on a mission or as an envoy. In a religious context, especially in the New Testament, it primarily denotes the twelve disciples chosen by Jesus, who were sent forth to preach the Gospel. It can also refer more broadly to other Christian missionaries or representatives of the church.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΚΗΡΥΚΕΣ, ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΤΑΙ
Etymology: From the verb ΑΠΟΣΤΕΛΛΩ (APOSTELLO), meaning 'to send away' or 'to send forth'. It combines the prefix ΑΠΟ (APO), meaning 'from' or 'away from', and ΣΤΕΛΛΩ (STELLO), meaning 'to send' or 'to prepare'.
G1320
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-DAS-kah-loy
Translations: teachers, a teacher
Notes: This word refers to instructors or masters who teach or provide guidance. It is often used in a religious or philosophical context to denote those who impart knowledge or doctrine. In the provided examples, it refers to those who teach or legislate rules.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative or Vocative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΡΑΒΒΙ, ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΗΣ
G2784
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: kay-ROOK-san-tes
Translations: having proclaimed, having preached, having announced, having heralded
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to proclaim' or 'to preach'. It describes an action that has already been completed by the subject, functioning like an adjective to modify a noun or pronoun, indicating that they are the ones who performed the act of proclaiming or preaching. For example, 'the ones having preached' or 'those who proclaimed'.
Inflection: Aorist Active Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΣΑΜΕΝΟΙ, ΔΙΔΑΞΑΝΤΕΣ
G2837
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Part of Speech: Participle
Sounds like: koy-mee-THEN-tes
Translations: those who have fallen asleep, those who sleep, fallen asleep
Notes: This word is a participle derived from the verb 'to sleep'. In a religious context, particularly in the New Testament, it is often used metaphorically to refer to those who have died, especially believers who have died in Christ, implying a peaceful rest rather than an end.
Inflection: Aorist, Passive, Participle, Nominative, Masculine, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΤΕΛΕΥΤΑΩ
G1722
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: EN
Translations: in, on, among, with, by, at, into, to
Notes: This word is a common preposition in Koine Greek. Its primary meaning is 'in' or 'within,' indicating location, time, or state. It always takes the dative case. Depending on the context, it can also be translated as 'on,' 'among,' 'with' (indicating accompaniment or instrument), 'by' (indicating means or agent), or 'at.' Sometimes it can imply motion into a place, similar to 'into' or 'to,' especially when the context suggests movement towards a location where something then resides.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *en, meaning 'in' or 'into'. It is cognate with English 'in'.
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article, Pronoun
Sounds like: TAY
Translations: to the, for the, by the, with the, in the, who, which
Notes: This word is the dative singular feminine form of the definite article, meaning 'to the', 'for the', 'by the', 'with the', or 'in the' when used with a feminine noun in the dative case. It can also function as a relative pronoun, meaning 'who' or 'which', referring to a feminine antecedent. It is used to specify a particular feminine noun or to introduce a relative clause.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from Proto-Indo-European demonstrative pronouns. It developed from an earlier demonstrative pronoun in Ancient Greek.
G1411
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: DY-na-mee
Translations: power, a power, strength, ability, force, miracle, a miracle
Notes: This word refers to inherent power, strength, or ability. It can also denote miraculous power or a specific miracle. It is often used to describe divine power or the power of God, as well as human capability or military force. In the provided context, it appears in the accusative case, indicating it is the direct object of a verb.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΞΟΥΣΙΑ, ΙΣΧΥΣ, ΚΡΑΤΟΣ
G4102
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: PIS-tee
Translations: faith, belief, trust, faithfulness, a faith, a belief, a trust
Notes: This word refers to faith, belief, or trust. It can also denote faithfulness or trustworthiness. It is commonly used in religious contexts to describe belief in God or Christ, but also in secular contexts to describe trust or loyalty between people. It is a feminine noun.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative or Vocative
Synonyms: ΕΛΠΙΣ, ΑΛΗΘΕΙΑ, ΕΜΠΙΣΤΟΣ
Etymology: From the root ΠΕΙΘΩ (peitho), meaning 'to persuade' or 'to be persuaded'. It conveys the idea of being convinced or having confidence in something or someone.
G2784
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-KAY-roox-an
Translations: they preached, they proclaimed, they announced, they heralded
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'κηρύσσω' (kēryssō), meaning 'to preach' or 'to proclaim'. It describes an action that was completed in the past by a group of people, indicating that 'they' performed the act of preaching or proclaiming.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΕΥΑΓΓΕΛΙΖΩ, ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ, ΔΙΑΓΓΕΛΛΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Definite Article
Sounds like: toys
Translations: to the, for the, the
Notes: ΤΟΙΣ is the dative plural form of the definite article in Koine Greek. It functions similarly to 'the' in English, but specifically indicates the indirect object or the recipient of an action, or location/instrument when used with a dative noun. It can be used with masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns in the plural.
Inflection: Plural, Dative, All genders
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a demonstrative pronoun that evolved into the definite article in Greek.
G4399
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Part of Speech: Verb (Participle)
Sounds like: pro-keh-koh-MEE-may-noys
Translations: (to) those who have fallen asleep beforehand, (to) those who have died previously, (to) those who have gone to rest before
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, dative plural, of the verb 'προκοιμάω' (prokoimao). It literally means 'to have fallen asleep beforehand' or 'to have died previously'. In ancient Greek, 'falling asleep' was a common euphemism for dying, especially in a religious context, referring to those who have died in faith. Thus, it refers to those who have already passed away. The dative case indicates that it is the indirect object of a verb, often translated with 'to' or 'for'.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Dative, Plural, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΣΙΝ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΥΣΙΝ
Etymology: The verb 'κοιμάω' (koimao) comes from the Proto-Indo-European root meaning 'to lie down' or 'to sleep'. The prefix 'προ-' (pro-) means 'before' or 'in front of'.
G0846
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: ow-TOY
Translations: they, themselves, to them, for them, to themselves, for themselves
Notes: This word is a pronoun that can function as a personal pronoun (they, them) or a reflexive pronoun (themselves). It can also be used to emphasize a noun, meaning 'the very' or 'the same'. Its meaning depends on the case and context. For example, in the nominative case, it typically means 'they' or 'themselves', while in the dative case, it means 'to them' or 'for them'.
Inflection: Plural, Masculine, Nominative or Dative
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΟΙ, ΟΥΤΟΙ
G1759
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: eh-DOH
Translations: here, hither
Notes: This word is an adverb indicating location, meaning 'here' or 'to this place'. It is used to specify the current position or direction towards the speaker's location. It does not inflect.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΩΔΕ, ΕΝΘΑ
Etymology: The word 'ΕΔΩ' is derived from the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (this) and the adverbial suffix '-θεν' (from), indicating 'from this place' or 'here'.
G3825
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Part of Speech: Adverb
Sounds like: PAH-lin
Translations: again, back, anew, once more, on the other hand, moreover, in turn
Notes: This word is an adverb meaning 'again' or 'back'. It is used to indicate a repetition of an action or a return to a previous state or place. It can also be used to introduce a contrasting idea, similar to 'on the other hand' or 'moreover'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΑΥΘΙΣ, ΕΤΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *kwel- (to turn, revolve). It refers to a turning back or repetition.
G0235, G0243
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Part of Speech: Conjunction, Adjective
Sounds like: AL
Translations: but, rather, however, yet, another, other, different
Notes: This word, ΑΛʼΛ, is an elided form, indicated by the coronis (apostrophe). It most commonly represents either the conjunction ΑΛΛΑ (alla) or a form of the adjective ΑΛΛΟΣ (allos). As ΑΛΛΑ, it functions as a conjunction meaning 'but,' 'rather,' or 'however,' introducing a contrast or an alternative. As a form of ΑΛΛΟΣ, it means 'another,' 'other,' or 'different,' describing a distinct entity or group. The specific meaning depends on the context of the sentence.
Inflection: Elided form of ΑΛΛΑ (does not inflect) or various inflections of ΑΛΛΟΣ (e.g., Nominative, Feminine, Singular for ΑΛΛΗ; or Accusative, Neuter, Singular for ΑΛΛΟ).
Synonyms: ΔΕ, ΕΤΕΡΟΣ
G2597
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: kah-teh-BEE-sahn
Translations: they went down, they descended
Notes: This is a compound verb meaning 'to go down' or 'to descend'. It describes the action of multiple subjects moving from a higher place to a lower one. It is used to indicate a completed action in the past.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΗΛΘΟΝ, ΚΑΤΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ
G4399
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: pro-keh-koh-MEE-meh-noy
Translations: those who have fallen asleep, those who have died, the departed
Notes: This word is a perfect passive participle, plural, masculine, nominative, derived from the verb "προκοιμάω" (prokoimaō). It literally means "to fall asleep beforehand" or "to be put to sleep beforehand." In a theological context, especially in the New Testament, "to fall asleep" is a common euphemism for dying, particularly for believers. Thus, "προκεκοιμημένοι" refers to those who have already died or passed away.
Inflection: Perfect, Passive, Participle, Plural, Masculine, Nominative
Synonyms: ΤΕΘΝΕΩΤΕΣ, ΑΠΟΘΑΝΟΝΤΕΣ
G1223
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Part of Speech: Preposition
Sounds like: dee-AH
Translations: through, by, by means of, on account of, because of, for the sake of
Notes: This word is a preposition that can take two different cases, which changes its meaning. When used with the genitive case, it means 'through' or 'by means of', indicating the instrument or agency by which something is done. When used with the accusative case, it means 'on account of', 'because of', or 'for the sake of', indicating the cause or reason for something.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΕΚ, ΕΝΕΚΑ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European, meaning 'through' or 'apart'.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: (to) this, (for) this, (by) this, (in) this, (with) this
Notes: This word is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'this' or 'that'. In its dative singular form, as 'ΤΟΥΤΩ', it indicates the indirect object of an action, or the means, instrument, or location. It can be translated as 'to this', 'for this', 'by this', 'in this', or 'with this', depending on the context. It points to something specific that is near or recently mentioned.
Inflection: Singular, Dative, Masculine or Neuter
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
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Part of Speech: Letter
Sounds like: TAF
Translations: Tau
Notes: Τ (tau) is the 19th letter of the Greek alphabet. In the Greek numeral system, it represents the number 300. It is also known for its symbolic significance, particularly as a cross-like shape.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Etymology: The letter Tau is derived from the Phoenician letter taw, which meant 'mark' or 'sign'. It is the last letter of the Phoenician alphabet.
G2227
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-zoh-oh-poy-ee-THEH-san
Translations: they were made alive, they were quickened, they were given life
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning 'to make alive' or 'to quicken'. It describes the act of imparting life or bringing something to life, often in a spiritual or metaphorical sense, such as being made spiritually alive by God. It is used to describe a past action completed by a group of people.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΑΝΑΖΑΩ, ΖΑΩ
Etymology: The word ζωοποιέω (zōopoieō) is a compound of ζωή (zōē), meaning 'life', and ποιέω (poieō), meaning 'to make' or 'to do'. It literally means 'to make life' or 'to cause to live'.
G1921
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ep-eg-NOH-san
Translations: they knew, they recognized, they understood, they perceived, they learned
Notes: This word is a compound verb meaning to know fully, to recognize, to understand, or to perceive. It implies a deeper or more complete knowledge than simple 'knowing'. The form ΕΠΕΓΝΩΣΑΝ specifically refers to an action that was completed in the past by a group of people ('they'). It can be used to describe coming to a full realization or acknowledging something.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Active, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ, ΟΙΔΑ
Etymology: The word ΕΠΙΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ is a compound formed from the preposition ΕΠΙ (epi), meaning 'upon' or 'in addition to', and the verb ΓΙΝΩΣΚΩ (ginōskō), meaning 'to know'. The combination suggests a knowing that is 'upon' or 'in addition to' a prior state of knowing, thus implying a fuller or more complete understanding.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun, Demonstrative Adjective
Sounds like: TOO-toh
Translations: this, that, it, a this, a that
Notes: ΤΟΥΤΟ is a demonstrative pronoun or adjective in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. It is the neuter singular form and can function as either the nominative or accusative case. As a pronoun, it refers to a specific thing or concept, often pointing it out. As an adjective, it modifies a neuter singular noun, indicating 'this' or 'that' particular noun. For example, it might be used in phrases like 'this thing' or 'that matter'.
Inflection: Singular, Neuter, Nominative or Accusative
Synonyms: ΑΥΤΟΣ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΟΥΤΟΣ (houtos) is a demonstrative pronoun in Koine Greek, meaning 'this' or 'that'. Its origin is ancient, deriving from Proto-Indo-European roots that conveyed the idea of proximity or pointing.
G4872
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soo-na-BEE-sah
Translations: I went up with, I ascended with, I accompanied
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from 'σύν' (with) and 'ἀναβαίνω' (to go up, ascend). It means to go up or ascend together with someone or something, or to accompany someone in their ascent. It describes an action of shared movement upwards.
Inflection: Aorist, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G4872
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-an-EH-bay-sah
Translations: I went up with, they went up with, I ascended with, they ascended with
Notes: This word is a compound verb formed from the prefix ΣΥΝ (meaning 'with' or 'together') and the verb ΑΝΑΒΑΙΝΩ (meaning 'to go up' or 'to ascend'). It describes the action of going up or ascending in company with others. It is often used to indicate accompanying someone on an upward journey or to a higher place.
Inflection: First Person Singular or Third Person Plural, Aorist Indicative, Active Voice
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΕΡΧΟΜΑΙ, ΣΥΜΠΟΡΕΥΟΜΑΙ
G0719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: heer-MO-san
Translations: they fitted, they joined, they adapted, they tuned, they harmonized
Notes: This word is the third person plural aorist active indicative form of the verb 'harmózō'. It means 'to fit together', 'to join', 'to adapt', or 'to tune'. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people or things, indicating that they made something fit or work together harmoniously.
Inflection: Third Person, Plural, Aorist, Active, Indicative
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΖΩ, ΣΥΝΤΙΘΗΜΙ
G0719
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-har-MOS-thay-san
Translations: were fitted together, were joined together, were united
Notes: This is a compound verb formed from the prefix 'συν-' (together with) and the verb 'ἁρμόζω' (to fit, join). It means to be fitted, joined, or united together. It describes the action of multiple parts coming together to form a cohesive whole, often implying a harmonious or proper arrangement. It is used to describe things that are brought into alignment or harmony with each other.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, 3rd Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΔΕΩ, ΣΥΝΑΡΜΟΛΟΓΕΩ
G3588
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Part of Speech: Article
Sounds like: TAYN
Translations: the
Notes: This word is a scribal abbreviation for ΤΗΝ (TĒN), which is the definite article 'the'. It is used to specify a noun that is already known or has been previously mentioned. As an article, it always precedes the noun it modifies and agrees with it in gender, number, and case. In this form, it is used with feminine singular nouns in the accusative case.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Etymology: The Greek definite article derives from a demonstrative pronoun in Proto-Indo-European. It evolved to function as a definite article, specifying nouns.
G3619
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: oy-ko-do-MEN
Translations: building, a building, edification, a structure, construction
Notes: This word refers to the act of building or constructing something, or to the resulting structure itself. In a metaphorical sense, it can also mean 'edification' or 'spiritual building up,' referring to the process of strengthening or improving someone's character or faith. It is often used in contexts related to the growth and development of the church or individual believers.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΤΑΣΚΕΥΗ, ΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΙΑ
G0269
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: ah-lah-TOH-mee-toy
Translations: uncircumcised, uncircumcised ones
Notes: This word describes someone or something that is uncircumcised. In a literal sense, it refers to a male who has not undergone the ritual of circumcision. Figuratively, especially in a religious context, it can refer to Gentiles (non-Jews) or those who are spiritually uncircumcised, meaning they have not had a change of heart or are not part of God's covenant people. It is often used in contrast to those who are circumcised, highlighting a distinction or separation.
Inflection: Plural, Nominative, Masculine
Synonyms: ΑΠΕΡΙΤΜΗΤΟΣ
Etymology: The word ΑΛΑΤΟΜΗΤΟΣ (alatomētos) is a compound word formed from the negative prefix 'α-' (a-), meaning 'not' or 'un-', and the verb 'λατομέω' (latomeō), which means 'to cut stone' or 'to hew'. In this context, it specifically refers to the act of cutting or circumcising. Thus, it literally means 'not cut' or 'un-cut'.
G4925
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: soon-oh-koh-doh-may-THEH-san
Translations: they were built together, they were built up together, they were edified together
Notes: This is a compound verb, formed from the prefix 'συν-' (together with) and the verb 'οἰκοδομέω' (to build a house, to build, to edify). It means to be built together with others, or to be edified or constructed jointly. It describes an action where multiple entities are brought together to form a single structure or are spiritually built up in unity.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person Plural
Synonyms: ΣΥΝΟΙΚΟΔΟΜΕΩ
G3173
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Part of Speech: Adjective
Sounds like: MEH-gah-lay
Translations: great, large, mighty, a great, a large, a mighty
Notes: ΜΕΓΑΛΗ is a feminine adjective meaning 'great' or 'large'. It is used to describe feminine nouns, indicating their size, importance, or intensity. For example, it can describe a 'great city' or a 'large crowd'.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΠΟΛΥΣ, ΙΣΧΥΡΟΣ, ΔΥΝΑΤΟΣ
G0053
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ag-NEE-ah
Translations: purity, chastity, innocence, a purity, a chastity, an innocence
Notes: This word refers to a state of moral purity, often specifically implying sexual purity or blamelessness. It describes a condition of being free from defilement or corruption, both in thought and action. It can be used to describe a person's character or their conduct.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Dative, or Genitive, Feminine
Synonyms: ΚΑΘΑΡΟΤΗΣ, ΑΓΙΟΣΥΝΗ
Etymology: Derived from the adjective 'ἁγνός' (hagnos), meaning 'pure' or 'holy'. It signifies the quality or state of being pure.
G1343
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: dee-kah-yoh-SOO-nay
Translations: righteousness, justice, a righteousness, a justice
Notes: This word refers to the quality of being morally right or just. It encompasses concepts of uprightness, integrity, and conformity to divine or moral law. It is often used in a theological context to describe God's character or the state of being right with God.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Accusative, or Vocative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΕΥΘΥΤΗΣ, ΑΡΕΤΗ, ΟΣΙΟΤΗΣ
Etymology: From the Greek word δίκαιος (dikaios), meaning 'just' or 'righteous', combined with the suffix -σύνη (-synē), which forms abstract nouns.
G2837
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: eh-koy-MEE-thay-san
Translations: they slept, they fell asleep, they died
Notes: This word is a verb meaning 'to sleep' or 'to fall asleep'. In ancient Greek, it is often used euphemistically to refer to death, particularly in a religious context, implying a peaceful rest or a temporary state before resurrection. It describes an action completed in the past by a group of people.
Inflection: Aorist, Indicative, Passive, Third Person, Plural
Synonyms: ΑΠΟΘΝΗΣΚΩ, ΚΑΘΕΥΔΩ
G3440
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Adjective
Sounds like: MO-non
Translations: only, alone, merely, a single, a solitary
Notes: This word can function as an adverb meaning 'only' or 'merely', indicating exclusivity or limitation. It can also be the neuter singular form of the adjective 'ΜΟΝΟΣ', meaning 'alone' or 'solitary', describing something as being by itself or unique. In its adverbial use, it often modifies verbs or clauses to emphasize that something is done exclusively or that a condition applies solely to one thing.
Inflection: Neuter, Singular, Nominative or Accusative (as adjective); Does not inflect (as adverb)
Synonyms: ΜΟΝΩΣ, ΜΟΝΟΓΕΝΗΣ
G3778
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Part of Speech: Demonstrative Pronoun
Sounds like: TOW-teen
Translations: this, that, this one, that one
Notes: ΤΑΥΤΗΝ is the feminine singular accusative form of the demonstrative pronoun ΟΥ͂ΤΟΣ. It is used to point out something specific, often something near the speaker or something that has just been mentioned. It functions like 'this' or 'that' in English, and as an accusative, it typically serves as the direct object of a verb or the object of a preposition.
Inflection: Accusative, Singular, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΔΕ, ΕΚΕΙΝΟΣ
G3756
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Part of Speech: Adverb, Particle
Sounds like: OOK
Translations: not, no
Notes: This word is a negative particle used to express negation. It typically precedes a word beginning with a vowel or is used at the end of a clause. It is used to deny a fact or to express a strong prohibition. It is often used with verbs to negate their action, meaning 'not' or 'no'.
Inflection: Does not inflect
Synonyms: ΟΥ, ΟΥΧΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is a primary negative particle in Ancient Greek, related to similar negative particles in other Indo-European languages.
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: ICE-khon
Translations: I had, I was having, I held, I was holding, I possessed, I was possessing
Notes: This word is an inflected form of the verb 'ἔχω' (echo), meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It describes an action of possessing or holding something in the past, often implying a continuous or repeated action.
Inflection: Imperfect Indicative, Active, First Person, Singular
G2191
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: EKH-is
Translations: viper, adder, snake
Notes: This word refers to a viper or a poisonous snake. It is used to describe a dangerous or venomous creature, often metaphorically for malicious or deceitful people.
Inflection: Singular, Nominative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΟΦΙΣ, ΔΡΑΚΩΝ
Etymology: The etymology of 'echis' is uncertain, but it is believed to be of pre-Greek origin, possibly related to words for 'snake' in other ancient languages.
G3778
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Part of Speech: Pronoun
Sounds like: TOO-tone
Translations: of these, of them
Notes: This word is the genitive plural form of the demonstrative pronoun 'οὗτος' (houtos), meaning 'this' or 'these'. It is used to indicate possession or relationship, often translated as 'of these' or 'of them', referring to things or people previously mentioned or understood from context. It can refer to masculine, feminine, or neuter nouns.
Inflection: Plural, Genitive, All genders
Synonyms: ΕΚΕΙΝΩΝ
G1955
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Part of Speech: Noun
Sounds like: ep-ee-LOO-sin
Translations: interpretation, an interpretation, solution, a solution, explanation, an explanation
Notes: This word is a noun that refers to the act of solving, explaining, or interpreting something. It implies a clear and definitive resolution or elucidation of a problem, riddle, or difficult passage. It is often used in contexts where understanding or clarification is sought.
Inflection: Singular, Accusative, Feminine
Synonyms: ΔΙΑΣΑΦΗΣΙΣ, ΕΞΗΓΗΣΙΣ
G2192
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Part of Speech: Verb
Sounds like: EH-khoh
Translations: have, hold, possess, keep, be able, be in a certain condition
Notes: This is a very common verb meaning 'to have' or 'to hold'. It can also mean 'to possess', 'to keep', or 'to be in a certain state or condition'. It is used in a wide variety of contexts to indicate possession, capability, or a state of being.
Inflection: Present, Active, Indicative, 1st Person Singular
Synonyms: ΚΡΑΤΕΩ, ΚΕΚΤΗΜΑΙ, ΕΧΟΜΑΙ
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European. It is related to Latin 'habeo' (to have) and English 'have'.
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